WO2022097493A1 - 成形材料および成形品 - Google Patents
成形材料および成形品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022097493A1 WO2022097493A1 PCT/JP2021/038942 JP2021038942W WO2022097493A1 WO 2022097493 A1 WO2022097493 A1 WO 2022097493A1 JP 2021038942 W JP2021038942 W JP 2021038942W WO 2022097493 A1 WO2022097493 A1 WO 2022097493A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyphenylene sulfide
- molding material
- sulfide
- resin
- reinforcing fiber
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- XWUCFAJNVTZRLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-thiabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-1,3,5-triene Chemical group C1=C(S2)C=CC2=C1 XWUCFAJNVTZRLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- SOHCOYTZIXDCCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-thiabicyclo[3.1.1]hepta-1(7),2,4-triene Chemical group C=1C2=CC=CC=1S2 SOHCOYTZIXDCCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 38
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 103
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 33
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 19
- -1 polyethersulphon Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N (-)-α-pinene Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 4
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N (+)-α-limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTARULDDTDQWMU-RKDXNWHRSA-N (+)-β-pinene Chemical compound C1[C@H]2C(C)(C)[C@@H]1CCC2=C WTARULDDTDQWMU-RKDXNWHRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTARULDDTDQWMU-IUCAKERBSA-N (-)-Nopinene Natural products C1[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1CCC2=C WTARULDDTDQWMU-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDQQNNZKEJIHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5-trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1C FDQQNNZKEJIHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1Cl CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Eucalyptol Chemical compound C1CC2CCC1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- KJAMZCVTJDTESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiracizine Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)CN(C)C)C2=CC(NC(=O)OCC)=CC=C21 KJAMZCVTJDTESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N1CC1CO1 OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JSZMNEHRJUWKCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-methyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)acetic acid Chemical compound C1C(CC(O)=O)C(C)CC2OC21 JSZMNEHRJUWKCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUTCVRHWHOUKJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)acetic acid Chemical compound C1C(CC(=O)O)CCC2OC21 SUTCVRHWHOUKJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKJICCKTDQDONB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxycarbonyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(=O)OCC1OC1 WKJICCKTDQDONB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
- B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2381/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2381/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2381/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2381/04—Polysulfides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/004—Additives being defined by their length
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a molding material containing a reinforcing fiber bundle and polyphenylene sulfide, and a molded product containing reinforcing fibers and polyphenylene sulfide.
- thermoplastic prepregs, yarns, and glass mats are known as molding materials using a continuous reinforcing fiber bundle and a thermoplastic resin as a matrix.
- a molding material is easy to mold by taking advantage of the characteristics of a thermoplastic resin, does not require a storage load like a thermosetting resin, and the obtained molded product has high toughness and is recyclable. It has the characteristic of being excellent.
- the molding material processed into pellets can be applied to molding methods having excellent economic efficiency and productivity such as injection molding and stamping molding, and is useful as an industrial material.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that a molded product having high mechanical properties can be obtained by injection molding a molding material composed of a continuous reinforcing fiber bundle and a polyphenylene sulfide resin.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that polyarylene sulfide containing a paraarylene sulfide unit, a metaarylene sulfide unit and a filler improves adhesiveness to an epoxy resin while maintaining heat resistance and mechanical properties. ..
- a molding material containing a bundle of reinforcing fibers which has good moldability, dimensional accuracy, and appearance characteristics even when molded into a small size, thin wall, or a complicated shape, has not yet been found.
- the subject of the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and more specifically, by reducing the generation of gas during the molding process and suppressing the surface roughness of the molded product, the molded product It is an object of the present invention to provide a molding material capable of achieving both excellent surface smoothness and mechanical properties.
- the polyphenylene sulfide (B) contains a paraphenylene sulfide unit and a metaphenylene sulfide unit, and the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is 7 mol% or more with respect to the total amount of the paraphenylene sulfide unit and the metaphenylene sulfide unit.
- [3] The molding material according to [1] or [2], wherein the molding material is a long fiber pellet.
- the reinforcing fiber bundles (A) are arranged in parallel in parallel with the axial direction of the molding material, and the length of the reinforcing fiber bundles (A) is substantially the same as the length of the molding material.
- [5] The molding material according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide (B) is 190 ° C. or lower.
- the polyphenylene sulfide contains a paraphenylene sulfide unit and a metaphenylene sulfide unit, and the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is 7 mol% or more with respect to the total amount of the paraphenylene sulfide unit and the metaphenylene sulfide unit.
- the molded product according to any one of [10] to [12].
- polyphenylene sulfide according to any one of [10] to [13], which comprises a homopolyphenylene sulfide composed of only paraphenylene sulfide units and a copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide composed of paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene sulfide units. Molded product.
- the present invention it is possible to reduce the generation of gas derived from the reinforcing fiber bundle and the sizing agent during the molding process, and it is possible to suppress the surface roughness of the molded product due to the gas, so that the surface smoothness and mechanical properties of the molded product can be improved.
- a compatible molding material can be obtained.
- the molding material of the present invention can suppress the generation of gas derived from the reinforcing fiber bundle and the sizing agent during the molding process, and the reinforcing fibers are well dispersed in the molded product during injection molding. Because it is possible to easily manufacture molded products with excellent mechanical properties, it is not limited to molding methods such as injection molding, transfer molding, blow molding, insert molding, etc., but also a wide range of molding methods such as plunger molding, press molding, stamping molding, etc. It can also be applied to molding methods.
- Molded products obtained by molding the molding material of the present invention include thrust washers, oil filters, seals, bearings, gears, cylinder head covers, bearing retainers, intake manifolds, automobile parts such as pedals, silicon wafer carriers, and IC chip trays. , Semiconductor / liquid crystal manufacturing equipment parts such as electrolytic condenser trays and insulating films, compressor parts such as pumps, valves and seals, industrial machine parts such as aircraft cabin interior parts, medical equipment parts such as sterilization equipment, columns and pipes, and food products. Beverage manufacturing equipment parts can be mentioned. Further, the molding material of the present invention can relatively easily obtain a thin-walled molded product having a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm.
- Such thin-walled molding is required, for example, as represented by a housing used for a personal computer, a mobile phone, etc., and a keyboard support which is a member for supporting the keyboard inside the personal computer.
- Examples include members for electric and electronic devices. In such a member for electric / electronic equipment, when carbon fiber having conductivity is used for the reinforcing fiber, electromagnetic wave shielding property is imparted, which is suitable.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows still another example of the shape of the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the axis of a preferred embodiment of the molding material of this invention. It is an internal perspective perspective view (schematic view) of a general long fiber pellet. It is an internal perspective perspective view (schematic diagram) of a general short fiber pellet.
- the molding material of the present invention contains a reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and polyphenylene sulfide (B).
- A reinforcing fiber bundle
- B polyphenylene sulfide
- the molding material of the present invention preferably contains polyphenylene sulfide (B) and a composite, and the composite is preferably composed of a reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and a resin (C).
- the resin (C) is preferably one or more resins selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, phenol resins and terpene resins.
- the composite is coated with polyphenylene sulfide (B). That is, the composite composed of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and the resin (C) (impregnated resin) selected from the group consisting of the epoxy resin, the phenol resin and the terpene resin is coated with the polyphenylene sulfide (B). Is preferable.
- the handleability of the molding material is improved.
- the molding material of the present invention is kneaded by, for example, injection molding to obtain a final molded product. From the viewpoint of handleability of the molding material, the complex and the polyphenylene sulfide resin are not separated until molding is performed, and the above-mentioned form (the form in which the complex is coated with polyphenylene sulfide (B)) is maintained. It is important to be.
- the molding material is the reinforcing fiber bundle and the polyphenylene sulfide resin during material transfer in the molding process.
- the complex is filled with a resin (C) (hereinafter, the resin (C) may be referred to as an "impregnated resin") between each single fiber of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A).
- the resin (C) is impregnated between the single fibers of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A). That is, it is a complex in which reinforcing fibers are dispersed like islands in the sea of impregnated resin.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is completely impregnated with the impregnated resin, but the complex composed of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and the impregnated resin may have some voids.
- the void ratio is preferably in the range of 0 to 40% or less. More preferably, it is 0 to 20% or less. When the void ratio is in the range, the effect of impregnation and promotion of fiber dispersion is excellent.
- the void ratio is measured by measuring the portion of the complex by the ASTM 2734 (1997) test method.
- the form of the coating is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a form in which polyphenylene sulfide (B) covers a part or all of the periphery of the strand-shaped complex.
- polyphenylene sulfide (B) covers a part or all of the periphery of the strand-shaped complex.
- All around the strand-shaped complex is coated with polyphenylene sulfide (B).
- the state of the boundary between the complex and the polyphenylene sulfide (B) is not particularly limited, but is partially near the boundary between the complex and the polyphenylene sulfide (B).
- Polyphenylene sulfide (B) may enter a part of the complex and be in a state of being compatible with the impregnated resin in the complex, or a state of being impregnated in the reinforcing fiber bundle (A). preferable.
- the coated polyphenylene sulfide (B) is less likely to be peeled off from the complex, a molding material with good handleability can be obtained, and a stable feed is achieved during molding, so that gas generation can be reduced. Uniform plasticization can be achieved and excellent fluidity can be developed.
- the molding material of the present invention is preferably in the form of pellets and is preferably long fiber pellets.
- the long fiber pellet refers to a resin material containing reinforcing fibers having substantially the same length as the pellet length in substantially the same direction.
- long fiber pellets have a longer fiber length in a molded product after molding than short fiber pellets, and therefore exhibit excellent mechanical properties.
- long fiber pellets tend to be significantly inferior in formability (fluidity).
- polyphenylene sulfide is used as the thermoplastic resin, the tendency is remarkable because polyphenylene sulfide has a high molding temperature and a high crystallization rate.
- the molding temperature is raised in order to improve the moldability (fluidity)
- the amount of gas derived from the reinforcing fiber bundle and the sizing agent during the molding process increases, and the appearance characteristics (surface smoothness) of the molded product are improved. descend.
- the molding material is a long fiber pellet and the thermoplastic resin used is polyphenylene sulfide, it is low by adopting the embodiment of the present invention, that is, by using polyphenylene sulfide having a melting point of 270 ° C. or lower.
- the molding process can be performed at the molding temperature. As a result, while maintaining excellent mechanical properties, it is possible to greatly suppress the generation of gas derived from the reinforcing fiber bundle and the sizing agent during the molding process, and it is possible to significantly improve the moldability (fluidity). can.
- the short fiber pellet refers to a resin material in which reinforcing fibers are randomly dispersed in a thermoplastic resin.
- FIG. 6 is an internal permeation perspective view of the long fiber pellet (schematic diagram) (in the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a reinforcing fiber bundle (A), reference numeral 2 indicates a polyphenylene sulfide (B)), and FIG. 7 shows the inside of the short fiber pellet.
- a transmission perspective view (schematic diagram) is shown (in the figure, reference numeral 2 indicates polyphenylene sulfide (B), and reference numeral 3 indicates reinforcing fibers).
- the long fiber pellets can be produced by a known method.
- the reinforcing fiber bundles (A) are arranged in parallel in parallel with the axial direction of the molding material (preferably pellets), and the length of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is substantially the length of the molding material. It is preferable that they are the same.
- parallel parallel means a state in which the axis of the long axis of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and the axis of the long axis of the molding material are oriented in the same direction, and the angle between the axes.
- the deviation is preferably 20 ° or less, more preferably 10 ° or less, and further preferably 5 ° or less.
- substantially the same length means that, for example, in a pellet-shaped molding material, the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is cut in the middle of the inside of the pellet, or the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) significantly shorter than the total length of the pellet is substantially the same. It is not included in the target.
- the amount of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) shorter than the total length of the pellet is not specified, but when the content of the reinforcing fiber having a length of 50% or less of the total length of the pellet is 30% by mass or less. , It is evaluated that the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) significantly shorter than the total length of the pellet is not substantially contained.
- the content of the reinforcing fiber having a length of 50% or less of the total length of the pellet is preferably 20% by mass or less.
- the total length of the pellet is the length of the pellet in the direction parallel to the orientation direction of the reinforcing fibers in the pellet. Since the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) has substantially the same length as the molding material, the reinforcing fiber length in the molded product can be lengthened, and excellent mechanical properties can be obtained.
- the length of the molding material there is no particular limitation on the length of the molding material, and it can be used continuously or as long as it is, depending on the molding method.
- a thermoplastic yarn prepreg it can be wound around a mandrel while being heated to obtain a roll-shaped molded product.
- the molding material is preferably 1 to 50 mm long fiber pellets. It is more preferably 3 to 20 mm, and most preferably 5 to 10 mm.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 schematically show the shape of the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the axial center of the molding material of the present invention. It is a representation of the target.
- the shape of the cross section of the molding material is not limited to that shown in the figure, but preferably, as shown in FIG. 1, which is a cross section in the axial direction, the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) serves as a core material and the polyphenylene sulfide (B). It is preferable that the components are sandwiched between layers.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) has a core structure and the polyphenylene sulfide (B) has a sheath structure.
- the molding material preferably has a core-sheath structure in which the polyphenylene sulfide (B) covers the periphery of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A).
- the molding material may contain a complex composed of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and the resin (C), the "reinforced fiber bundle (A)” is read as “complex”, and the "composite” in FIGS. 1 to 6 is used. 1: “Reinforcing fiber bundle (A)” is read as "complex”.
- polyphenylene sulfide (B) can be kneaded into a complex composed of a reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and an impregnated resin by a method such as injection molding or press molding to obtain a final molding material. From the viewpoint of handleability of the molding material, it is preferable that the complex and the polyphenylene sulfide (B) are not separated until molding is performed, and the polyphenylene sulfide (B) keeps the form of covering the complex. Since the impregnated resin has a low molecular weight, it is often a solid that is relatively brittle and easily crushed. Therefore, polyphenylene sulfide (B) is arranged so as to protect the complex so that the impregnated resin is not crushed and scattered due to transportation of the material until molding, impact during handling, rubbing, etc. Is desirable.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) in the present invention refers to a state in which single fibers are arranged in one direction.
- Examples of the form of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) include a unidirectional fiber bundle, a bidirectional fiber bundle, and a multidirectional fiber bundle, but the unidirectional fiber bundle is unidirectional from the viewpoint of productivity in the process of manufacturing the molding material.
- Fiber bundles can be used more preferably.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) the larger the number of single yarns of the reinforcing fibers is, the more economically advantageous it is. Therefore, the number of single fibers is preferably 10,000 or more.
- the type of the reinforcing fiber constituting the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is not particularly limited, and for example, carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, alumina fiber, silicon carbide fiber, boron fiber, metal fiber, natural fiber, mineral fiber. Etc. can be used, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, PAN (polyacrylic nitrile) -based, pitch-based, rayon-based and other carbon fibers are preferably used from the viewpoint of obtaining a molded product having a light weight, high strength and a high elastic modulus.
- reinforcing fibers having a tensile strength of 4,000 MPa or more are preferable, and more preferably 5,000 MPa or more.
- reinforcing fibers having a tensile elastic modulus of 200 GPa or more are preferable, and more preferably 400 GPa or more.
- a reinforcing fiber having an elastic modulus of 400 GPa or more, which is difficult to maintain a long fiber length, is preferable because the effect of the molding material of the present invention described later can be more exhibited.
- glass fiber can be preferably used from the viewpoint of enhancing the economic efficiency of the obtained molded product, and it is particularly preferable to use carbon fiber and glass fiber in combination from the viewpoint of the balance between mechanical properties and economic efficiency.
- aramid fibers can be preferably used from the viewpoint of enhancing the impact absorption and shapeability of the obtained molded product, and it is particularly preferable to use carbon fibers and aramid fibers in combination from the viewpoint of the balance between mechanical properties and impact absorption.
- reinforced fibers coated with a metal such as nickel, copper or ytterbium, or pitch-based carbon fibers can also be used.
- a sizing agent is attached to the reinforcing fiber bundle (A).
- the type of the sizing agent is not particularly limited, but one or more kinds of sizing agents such as epoxy resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin and various thermoplastic resins can be used in combination.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is preferably 1% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less with respect to the total amount (100% by mass) of the molding material. More preferably, it is 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. If the content of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is less than 1% by mass, the mechanical properties of the obtained molded product may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 50% by mass, it is derived from the reinforcing fiber or the sizing agent adhering to the reinforcing fiber. The amount of gas generated may increase.
- the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) in the present invention is 270 ° C. or lower.
- the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) can be determined from the temperature of the apex of the melting peak in the differential scanning calorimetry. When two or more polyphenylene sulfides are used and the mixture thereof exhibits a single melting peak, the melting point can be determined from the apex of the melting peak. On the other hand, when two or more kinds of polyphenylene sulfides are used and a plurality of melting peaks are observed, the melting point is obtained from the apex of each melting peak.
- the molding temperature can be lowered and the generation of gas generated during molding can be suppressed. It can also improve economic efficiency.
- the molding material contains an impregnated resin or when a sizing agent is attached to the reinforcing fiber, decomposition of the impregnating resin or the sizing agent during the molding process can be suppressed, so that the impregnation has relatively low heat resistance. It becomes possible to select a resin or a sizing agent. That is, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in designing the impregnated resin and the sizing agent and the degree of freedom in selecting the impregnating resin and the sizing agent.
- the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is more preferably 260 ° C. or lower. Since the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide (B) is 270 ° C. or lower, the molding temperature can be lowered, and the decomposition gas at the time of molding is suppressed and the economy is excellent. In particular, when the molding material contains an impregnated resin or when a sizing agent is attached to the reinforcing fiber, the decomposition of the impregnating resin or the sizing agent can be suppressed, and the degree of freedom of the impregnating resin or the sizing agent should be increased. Is possible. Further, from the viewpoint of heat resistance, the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is preferably 240 ° C. or higher. The melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is measured as follows.
- the sample is heated at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min from 40 ° C. to 340 ° C. with a differential scanning calorimeter.
- the temperature of the sample is lowered from 340 ° C. to 40 ° C. at a temperature lowering rate of 20 ° C./min.
- the temperature of the sample is raised again from 40 ° C. to 340 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min.
- the apex of the melting peak observed in the heating process of [3] above is defined as the melting point.
- the method for lowering the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) to 270 ° C. or lower is not particularly limited, but metaphenylene sulfide and / or orthophenylene sulfide is copolymerized with polyphenylene sulfide mainly formed of a paraphenylene sulfide skeleton.
- metaphenylene sulfide and / or orthophenylene sulfide is copolymerized with polyphenylene sulfide mainly formed of a paraphenylene sulfide skeleton.
- Examples thereof include a method of block-copolymerizing another polymer at the terminal of polyphenylene sulfide, and a method of reducing molecular motility by oxidatively cross-linking polyphenylene sulfide.
- Etherketone polyether ether ketone, polythioether ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyorganosiloxane, thermoplastic polyurethane resin, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylic acid ester, polymethacrylic Examples thereof include polyolefins such as acid esters, poly1-butene, poly1-pentene, polymethylpentene, and ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymers.
- the polyphenylene sulfide (B) is preferably a polyphenylene sulfide obtained by copolymerizing paraphenylene sulfide and metaphenylene sulfide. That is, in the present invention, the polyphenylene sulfide (B) preferably contains a paraphenylene sulfide unit and a metaphenylene sulfide unit. In the present invention, the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is preferably 7 mol% or more with respect to the total amount of the paraphenylene sulfide unit and the metaphenylene sulfide unit.
- the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is more preferably 8 mol% or more, further preferably 10 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 10.5 mol% or more.
- the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide can be lowered, the crystallization rate of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is lowered, and the fluidity is improved.
- the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is less than 7 mol%, it may not be possible to sufficiently lower the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide.
- the upper limit of the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit of polyphenylene sulfide is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 mol% or less, and more preferably 14 mol% or less.
- the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is 20 mol% or less, the mechanical properties can be achieved, the demolding property at the time of molding is improved, and the molding cycle property is also good.
- it is 14 mol% or less, in addition to being able to achieve both excellent fluidity and mechanical properties, the moldability during molding is improved, and the molding cycle property can be improved.
- the metaphenylene sulfide unit is larger than 20 mol%, it may not be preferable because the inherent heat aging resistance and chemical resistance of polyphenylene sulfide are lowered.
- the molding material is in the form of covering a part or all of the periphery of the strand-shaped composite with polyphenylene sulfide (B), if the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is 7 mol% or more, the composite is coated. Crystallization of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is suppressed, polyphenylene sulfide (B) is less likely to break, and a molding material with excellent handleability can be obtained.
- the variation in the mechanical properties of the molded product can be suppressed, the surface smoothness can be improved, the decrease in the fluidity of the molded material can be suppressed, and the fluidity can be suppressed. Can be improved.
- the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is 7 mol% or more, the polyphenylene sulfide is used.
- (B) is preferable because it is hard to break.
- the shear stress applied to the reinforcing fibers during kneading or molding can be reduced, and the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) of the molded product can be reduced.
- the fiber length can be maintained for a long time.
- it is preferable because the effect of the molding material of the present invention can be more exhibited on the reinforcing fiber having an elastic modulus of 350 GPa or more, which is difficult to maintain the fiber length for a long time.
- the metaphenylene sulfide unit of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (hereinafter, abbreviated as FT-IR). Specifically, the content of the metaphenylene sulfide unit is calculated from the size of the absorption peak of 780 cm -1 , which is the absorption peak of the metaphenylene sulfide unit.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscope
- the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is preferably 190 ° C. or lower. More preferably, it is 170 ° C. or lower.
- the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature of the polyphenylene sulfide (B) is 190 ° C. or lower, the crystallization rate is slowed down and the fluidity during molding is excellent.
- the lower limit of the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is preferably 140 ° C.
- thermodecreasing crystallization temperature of polyphenylene sulfide (B) To measure the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature of polyphenylene sulfide (B), use a differential scanning calorimeter to raise the temperature from 40 ° C to 340 ° C at 20 ° C / min, and then lower the temperature from 340 ° C to 40 ° C at 20 ° C / min. The peak of the temperature-decreasing crystallization peak is defined as the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature.
- the method for lowering the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature of polyphenylene sulfide (B) to 190 ° C. or lower is not particularly limited, but a method for copolymerizing metaphenylene sulfide and / or orthophenylene sulfide with polyphenylene sulfide mainly formed of a paraphenylene sulfide skeleton. , A method of block-copolymerizing another polymer at the terminal of polyphenylene sulfide, a method of reducing molecular motility by oxidatively cross-linking polyphenylene sulfide, and the like.
- the difference between the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature is preferably 80 ° C. or higher. More preferably, it is 90 ° C. or higher.
- the difference between the melting point and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature refers to the temperature until the resin, which was in a molten state under the temperature-decreasing temperature, crystallizes and solidifies. Therefore, if the difference between the melting point and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature is large, it means that the solidification of the resin is delayed.
- the difference between the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide (B) and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature is 80 ° C.
- the upper limit of the difference between the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide (B) and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature is preferably 120 ° C.
- the method for increasing the difference between the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide (B) and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature to 80 ° C. or higher is not particularly limited, but metaphenylene sulfide and / or orthophenylene sulfide is mainly added to the polyphenylene sulfide formed by the paraphenylene sulfide skeleton. Examples thereof include a method of copolymerizing, a method of blocking copolymerizing another polymer at the end of polyphenylene sulfide, and a method of reducing molecular motility by oxidatively cross-linking polyphenylene sulfide.
- the polyphenylene sulfide (B) preferably contains homopolyphenylene sulfide composed of only paraphenylene sulfide units and copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide composed of paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene sulfide units.
- homopolyphenylene sulfide and copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide By containing homopolyphenylene sulfide and copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide, the crystallinity of polyphenylene sulfide can be increased while reducing the amount of gas generated during molding, and the surface smoothness and mechanical properties, fluidity and molding cycleability can be improved. Achieving more compatibility.
- the content of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is preferably 30% by mass or more and 98.9% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or more and 94.5% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the molding material. It is mass% or less, more preferably 50% by mass or more, and 89% by mass or less. By adjusting to such a range, a molding material having excellent moldability and handleability can be obtained. In addition, excellent mechanical properties can be imparted to the molded product.
- the content of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is less than 30% by mass, the amount of polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) contained in the molding material is small, so that the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B) are used during molding. May not be sufficiently melt-kneaded or the fluidity may decrease during injection molding. In that case, the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) cannot be sufficiently dispersed in the molded product, which makes molding difficult and may not be preferable.
- the content of polyphenylene sulfide (B) exceeds 98.9% by mass, the amount of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) contained in the molding material is relatively small, so that the polyphenylene sulfide (B) is imparted to the molded product. Since the fiber reinforcing effect becomes insufficient, the mechanical properties of the obtained molded product become insufficient, which may be unfavorable. Further, in the case where the polyphenylene sulfide (B) covers a part or all of the periphery of the strand-shaped composite in the molding material, and the polyphenylene sulfide (B) is less than 30% by mass, it is the case. Since the amount of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is small, the coating layer becomes thin, the molding material is easily cracked, and the handleability is deteriorated, which may be unfavorable.
- the molecular weight of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is preferably 10,000 or more, more preferably 20,000 or more, and particularly particularly, from the viewpoint of the mechanical properties of the molded product obtained by molding the molding material. It is preferably 30,000 or more. This is advantageous from the viewpoint that the larger the weight average molecular weight, the higher the strength and elongation of the matrix resin.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1,000,000 or less, and more preferably 500,000 or less, from the viewpoint of fluidity during molding.
- the weight average molecular weight can be determined by using a general GPC (gel permeation chromatography) such as the SEC (size exclusion chromatography).
- polyphenylene sulfide (B) includes mica, talc, kaolin, hydrotalcite, sericite, bentonite, zonotrite, sepiolite, smectite, montmorillonite, wallastenite, silica, calcium carbonate, glass beads, and glass depending on the application.
- Flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate, aromatic phosphate and red phosphorus, organic acid metal salt flame retardants such as boric acid metal salts, carboxylate metal salts and aromatic sulfonimide metal salts, zinc borate, Inorganic flame retardants such as zinc, zinc oxide and zirconium compounds, nitrogen flame retardants such as cyanuric acid, isocyanuric acid, melamine, melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and nitrogenated guanidine, fluoroflame retardants such as PTFE, polyorganosiloxane Silicone flame retardants such as, metal hydroxide flame retardants such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, and other flame retardants, cadmium oxide, zinc oxide, ferrous oxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide.
- organic acid metal salt flame retardants such as boric acid metal salts, carboxylate metal salts and aromatic sulfonimide metal salts, zinc borate
- Inorganic flame retardants such as zinc, zinc oxide
- Flame retardants such as ferric oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, molybdenum oxide, tin oxide and titanium oxide, pigments, dyes, lubricants, mold retardants, compatibilizers, dispersants, mica, talc and kaolin etc.
- Crystal nucleating agents, plasticizing agents such as phosphate esters, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, anticoloring agents, UV absorbers, fluidity modifiers, foaming agents, antibacterial agents, anti-vibration agents, deodorants, sliding A sex modifier, an antistatic agent such as polyether ester amide, or the like may be added.
- the resin (C) (impregnated resin) is preferably one or more resins selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, phenol resins, and terpene resins.
- the dispersibility of the reinforcing fiber can be improved when the molding material is molded.
- the impregnated resin has a lower melt viscosity than polyphenylene sulfide (B). Since the melt viscosity of the impregnated resin is lower than that of polyphenylene sulfide (B), the fluidity of the impregnated resin is high when the molding material is molded, and the effect of dispersing the reinforcing fiber bundle in the polyphenylene sulfide (B) is further improved. be able to.
- the melt viscosity of the impregnating resin can be made lower than that of polyphenylene sulfide (B), and the molded product can be molded. Since the dispersibility of the reinforcing fiber bundle in the above can be improved, the surface smoothness can be improved while improving the mechanical properties of the molded product obtained by molding the molding material of the present invention, which is preferable.
- the impregnated resin preferably has a high affinity with polyphenylene sulfide (B).
- B polyphenylene sulfide
- the melt viscosity of the impregnated resin at 200 ° C. is preferably 0.01 to 10 Pa ⁇ s.
- the melt viscosity is more preferably 0.05 Pa ⁇ s or more, and further preferably 0.1 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the melt viscosity at 200 ° C. is 10 Pa ⁇ s or less, the impregnated resin can be easily impregnated into the inside of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A).
- the melt viscosity is preferably 5 Pa ⁇ s or less, and more preferably 2 Pa ⁇ s or less.
- the melt viscosity of the impregnated resin at 200 ° C. can be measured by a viscoelasticity measuring instrument at 0.5 Hz using a 40 mm parallel plate.
- the number average molecular weight of the impregnated resin is preferably 200 to 5,000. When the number average molecular weight is 200 or more, the bending strength and the tensile strength of the molded product can be further improved.
- the number average molecular weight is more preferably 1,000 or more. Further, when the number average molecular weight is 5,000 or less, the viscosity of the impregnated resin is moderately low, so that the impregnation property into the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is excellent, and the dispersibility of the reinforcing fibers in the molded product is further improved. Can be made to.
- the number average molecular weight is more preferably 3,000 or less.
- the number average molecular weight of the impregnated resin can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the impregnated resin preferably has a heating weight loss of 5% by weight or less when heated in nitrogen at 280 ° C. for 30 minutes. More preferably, it is 3% by weight or less.
- the heating weight loss is 5% by weight or less, it is possible to suppress the generation of decomposition gas when the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is impregnated, and it is possible to suppress the generation of voids and the poor surface appearance during molding. ..
- the generated gas can be suppressed especially in molding at a high temperature.
- the weight loss by heating in the present invention represents the weight loss rate of the impregnated resin before and after heating under the heating conditions, where the weight of the impregnated resin before heating is 100%, and can be obtained by the following formula.
- the weight before and after heating can be determined by measuring the weight at the molding temperature by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in an air atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min using a platinum sample pan. can.
- TGA thermogravimetric analysis
- [Weight%] ⁇ (Weight before heating-Weight after heating) / Weight before heating ⁇ x 100
- the epoxy resin preferably used as the impregnating resin is a compound having two or more epoxy groups, which does not substantially contain a curing agent, and even when heated, it is subjected to so-called three-dimensional crosslinking. A compound that does not cure. Since the epoxy resin has an epoxy group, it easily interacts with the reinforcing fibers, and at the time of impregnation, it easily adapts to the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and is easily impregnated. In addition, the dispersibility of the reinforcing fibers during the molding process is further improved.
- examples of the epoxy resin include glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester type epoxy resin, glycidyl amine type epoxy resin, and alicyclic epoxy resin. Two or more of these may be used.
- examples of the glycidyl ether type epoxy resin include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol AD type epoxy resin, halogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, resorcinol type epoxy resin, and hydrogenated bisphenol.
- Examples of the glycidyl ester type epoxy resin include hexahydrophthalic acid glycidyl ester and dimer acid diglycidyl ester.
- Examples of the glycidylamine type epoxy resin include triglycidyl isocyanurate, tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane, tetraglycidylmethylenediamine, and an aminophenol type epoxy resin.
- Examples of the alicyclic epoxy resin include 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethylcarboxylate and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethylcarboxylate.
- the glycidyl ether type epoxy resin is preferable, and the bisphenol A type epoxy resin and the bisphenol F type epoxy resin are more preferable because the balance between the viscosity and the heat resistance is excellent.
- the phenol resin is a resin having a phenol skeleton, may have a substituent, and may be cresol or naphthol.
- Specific examples of the phenol resin include phenol novolac resin, o-cresol novolak resin, phenol aralkyl resin, naphthol novolak resin, naphthol aralkyl resin and the like.
- o-cresol novolak resin is preferably used because it has an excellent balance between heat resistance and handleability such as melt viscosity, so that the take-up speed of the complex can be increased and the flame retardancy can be maintained higher. ..
- the melting point of the phenol resin is not particularly limited, but it is preferably higher than 80 ° C. from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance and handleability of the molding material and suppressing bleeding out during long-term storage of the molding material. More preferably, it exceeds 100 ° C., and even more preferably 120 ° C.
- the upper limit of the melting point is not particularly limited, but the melting point of the phenol resin can be obtained from the DSC measurement. Specifically, it can be obtained from the value of the endothermic peak top measured under the condition of a temperature rise of 40 ° C./min.
- the terpene resin may be a resin made of a polymer obtained by polymerizing a terpene monomer alone in the presence of a Friedelcraft type catalyst in an organic solvent, a terpene monomer and an aromatic monomer, or the like. Examples thereof include a resin made of a polymer obtained by copolymerizing with.
- terpene monomers include ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -pinene, dipentene, d-lymonen, milsen, aloocimen, osimene, ⁇ -ferandren, ⁇ -terpinene, ⁇ -terpinene, terpineolene, 1,8-cineole, 1, Examples thereof include monoterpene monoterpenes such as 4-cineole, ⁇ -terpineol, ⁇ -terpineol, ⁇ -terpineol, sabinen, paramentadiens and curenes. Moreover, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and the like are mentioned as an aromatic monomer.
- ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -pinene, dipentene, and d-limonene are preferable from the viewpoint of compatibility, and a homopolymer of the compound is more preferable. Further, a hydrogenated terpene resin obtained by hydrogenating the terpene resin is more preferable from the viewpoint of compatibility.
- a terpene resin obtained by reacting a terpene monomer and phenols in the presence of a catalyst can also be used.
- the phenols those having 1 to 3 substituents of at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, a halogen atom and a hydroxyl group on the benzene ring of phenol are preferably used. Specific examples thereof include cresol, xylenol, ethylphenol, butylphenol, t-butylphenol, nonylphenol, 3,4,5-trimethylphenol, chlorophenol, bromophenol, chlorocresol, hydroquinone, resorcinol, orcinol and the like. Two or more of these may be used. Of these, phenol and cresol are preferred.
- the number average molecular weight of the terpene resin or the terpene phenol resin is preferably 100 to 5,000. More preferably, it is 500 to 1,000.
- the number average molecular weight is 100 or more, the heat loss of the terpene resin is lowered, and the dispersibility of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) in the molded product is improved, which is preferable.
- the number average molecular weight is 5,000 or less, the viscosity of the terpene resin is lowered, so that the impregnation property into the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and the fiber dispersibility during molding are improved, which is preferable.
- the content of the resin (C) is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or more, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the molding material. It is 10% by mass or less. Within such a range, a molding material having excellent moldability and handleability can be obtained. If the content of the impregnated resin is less than 0.1% by weight, the impregnated fiber bundle (A) may be insufficiently impregnated, and the handleability of the obtained molding material may be insufficient, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20% by mass, the amount of low molecular weight components contained in the molded product is relatively large, which is not preferable because the molded product becomes brittle and the mechanical properties deteriorate.
- the molding material of the present invention is kneaded by, for example, injection molding to become a final molded product.
- the handleability of the molded material can be improved, and as a result, the variation in the mechanical properties of the molded product can be suppressed and the surface smoothness of the molded product can be suppressed. It is possible to improve the fluidity, suppress the decrease in the fluidity of the molding material, and improve the fluidity. In addition, excellent mechanical properties can be imparted to the obtained molded product.
- the molding material of the present invention is further enhanced to contain 0.1 to 10% by mass of a compound having two or more compounds having at least one structure selected from a carbodiimide structure, a urea structure and a urethane structure in one molecule. It is preferable from the viewpoint of further enhancing the affinity between the fiber bundle (A) and the polyphenylene sulfide (B) and improving the tensile properties of the obtained molded product.
- the blending amount is preferably 0.3 to 8% by mass, and is particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5% by mass from the viewpoint of generating decomposition gas during kneading with the matrix resin.
- the compound having a carbodiimide structure that is, the carbodiimide compound includes polycarbodiimide, and examples thereof include aliphatic polycarbodiimide and aromatic polycarbodiimide, and the affinity and reactivity between the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) and polyphenylene sulfide (B). From the viewpoint of the above, aliphatic polycarbodiimide is preferably used.
- the repeating unit represented by (indicating the divalent organic group of the aliphatic compound) is the main constituent unit, preferably the repeating unit is 70 mol% or more, more preferably 90 mol% or more, still more preferably 95 mol. It is a homopolymer or copolymer containing% or more.
- a compound obtained by reacting diisocyanate with a diamine containing a compound containing a plurality of amino groups for example, hydrazine, dihydrazide, etc.
- polyurea can be synthesized by reacting isocyanate with water to form unstable carbamic acid. Carbamic acid decomposes to generate carbon dioxide and immediately reacts with excess isocyanate to form amino groups that form urea crosslinks.
- it can also be obtained by treating a compound having a carbodiimide structure with water to react the carbodiimide with urea.
- a compound obtained by reacting bischloroformate with a diamine can be used.
- polyurethane can be synthesized by reacting the diisocyanate with a diol such as macroglycol, a polyol, or a combination of macroglycol and a single chain glycol extender.
- polycarbodiimide is preferably used from the viewpoint of interfacial adhesion with the reinforcing fiber bundle (A).
- the molded product of the present invention is a molded product containing reinforcing fibers and polyphenylene sulfide, and the weight average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is 0.3 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less, and the melting point of the polyphenylene sulfide is 270 ° C. or less. It is a molded product. Further, the molded product of the present invention is a molded product containing a reinforcing fiber and polyphenylene sulfide (B), and the weight average fiber length of the reinforcing fiber is 0.3 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less, and the polyphenylene sulfide is used. It is a molded product having a temperature-decreasing crystallizing temperature of 190 ° C. or lower.
- the weight average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers contained in the molded product is 0.3 to 3.0 mm. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 2.8 mm. More preferably, it is 0.8 to 2.5 mm.
- the weight average fiber length of the reinforcing fiber is 0.3 to 3.0 mm or more, the mechanical properties of the molded product can be sufficiently exhibited.
- the weight average fiber length of the reinforcing fiber exceeds 3.0 mm, the fiber pattern of the reinforcing fiber tends to remarkably appear on the surface of the molded product, and waviness derived from the reinforcing fiber occurs on the surface of the molded product, resulting in poor appearance. It may not be preferable because it invites you. Therefore, by setting the weight average fiber length of the reinforcing fiber to 3.0 mm or less, such waviness can be suppressed and the surface appearance of the molded product can be improved.
- the type of the reinforcing fiber is not particularly limited, and the reinforcing fiber described in the description of the reinforcing fiber bundle of the molding material can be exemplified. Further, the types and combinations of preferable reinforcing fibers are the same, and the reasons for the preferred are the same.
- the reinforcing fiber is 1 to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the molded product. More preferably, it is 10 to 30% by mass. If the content of the reinforcing fiber is less than 1% by mass, the mechanical properties of the obtained molded product may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 50% by mass, the appearance of the molded product may be poor.
- a sizing agent is attached to the reinforcing fiber.
- the type of the sizing agent is not particularly limited, but one or more kinds of sizing agents such as epoxy resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin and various thermoplastic resins can be used in combination.
- the polyphenylene sulfide resin contained in the molded product in the present invention preferably has a melting point of 270 ° C. or lower. By setting the melting point to 270 ° C. or lower, molding can be performed at a lower molding temperature than the conventional polyphenylene sulfide resin. This makes it possible to suppress the thermal decomposition of the impregnated resin, the sizing agent and other additives contained in the molding material, that is, the generated gas.
- the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is more preferably 260 ° C. or lower. Further, from the viewpoint of heat resistance, the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide (B) is preferably 240 ° C. or higher.
- the polyphenylene sulfide resin contained in the molded product in the present invention preferably contains homopolyphenylene sulfide composed of only paraphenylene sulfide units and copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide composed of paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene sulfide units.
- homopolyphenylene sulfide and the copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide By using the homopolyphenylene sulfide and the copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide, the crystallization rate and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature can be appropriately controlled.
- the solidification rate of the molded product can be controlled, for example, sudden solidification in the mold during injection molding and extreme solidification delay can be suppressed, and as a result, the fluidity of the resin during molding can be improved. Can be secured. In addition, the cycle time can be maintained.
- the degree of crystallization of the polyphenylene sulfide resin is controlled by the above-mentioned polyphenylene sulfide resin containing homopolyphenylene sulfide composed of only paraphenylene sulfide units and copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide composed of paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene sulfide units. can do. Since the crystallinity of the polyphenylene sulfide resin can be increased by appropriately adjusting the blending amount of the polyphenylene sulfide resin described above, for example, the crystallinity of the polyphenylene sulfide resin in the molded product obtained by injection molding. Can be increased and mechanical properties can be improved.
- the polyphenylene sulfide resin may contain homopolyphenylene sulfide composed of only paraphenylene sulfide units and copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide composed of paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene sulfide units.
- a homopolyphenylene sulfide pellet consisting of only paraphenylene sulfide units and a copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide pellet consisting of paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene sulfide units are dry-blended to obtain pellets in which both are mixed (hereinafter referred to as mixed pellets) in advance.
- homopolyphenylene sulfide consisting of only paraphenylene sulfide units and copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide consisting of paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene sulfide units can be obtained. It may be mixed.
- the blending ratio of the homopolyphenylene sulfide consisting of only the paraphenylene sulfide unit and the copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide consisting of the paraphenylene sulfide unit and the metaphenylene sulfide unit is not particularly limited, but the homopolyphenylene sulfide consisting only of the paraphenylene sulfide unit and Homopolyphenylene sulfide consisting only of paraphenylene sulfide units is 1 to 50 parts by weight, and paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene A compounding ratio of 99 to 50 parts by weight of the copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide consisting of sulfide units is preferable, and more preferably, 5 to 40 parts by weight of homopolyphenylene sulfide consisting only of paraphenylene sulfide units, and paraphenylene sulfide units and meta.
- the amount of homopolyphenylene sulfide composed of only paraphenylene sulfide units is less than 1 part by weight, the crystallization rate and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature cannot be appropriately controlled, and the solidification rate of the molded product becomes extremely slow. Therefore, it may not be preferable because the cycle time during injection molding described above becomes long, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the crystallization speed becomes too fast, so that solidification in the mold during injection molding described above may occur. It may not be preferable because the speed increases and the fluidity decreases.
- the blending amount of the copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide composed of the paraphenylene sulfide unit and the metaphenylene sulfide unit is less than 50 parts by weight, the crystallization rate becomes too fast, and therefore, in the above-mentioned injection molding, in the mold. It may not be preferable because the solidification rate becomes high and the fluidity decreases, and if it exceeds 99 parts by weight, the crystallization rate and the temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature cannot be appropriately controlled, and the solidification rate of the molded product becomes high. Since it becomes extremely slow, the cycle time at the time of injection molding described above becomes long, which may be unfavorable.
- the melting point and temperature-decreasing crystallization temperature of polyphenylene sulfide (B) are measured as follows using a differential scanning calorimeter TA3000 (manufactured by Meterer). rice field. [1] Using a differential scanning calorimeter TA3000 (manufactured by Metler), the temperature of the sample was raised from 40 ° C. to 340 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min. [2] After raising the temperature in [1], the temperature of the sample was lowered from 340 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- Weight average fiber length ⁇ (Mi 2 x Ni) / ⁇ (Mi x Ni) Mi: Fiber length (mm) Ni: Number of carbon fibers with fiber length Mi i: Number of measured fibers.
- the obtained cake, 11880 g of ion-exchanged water, and 4 g of calcium acetate monohydrate (Sigma Aldrich) were placed in an autoclave equipped with a stirrer, the inside of the autoclave was replaced with nitrogen, the temperature was raised to 192 ° C, and the temperature was maintained for 30 minutes. .. After that, the autoclave was cooled and the contents were taken out.
- the polymer was washed with hexane at 50 ° C. for 15 minutes and filtered twice, and further washed with methanol at 50 ° C. for 15 minutes and filtered twice at 70 ° C. It was washed with water for 15 minutes and filtered once to obtain polyphenylene sulfide (B-5).
- A-1 Carbon fiber "Trading Card” T800-24K (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) was used.
- As a carbon fiber sizing agent polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether (epoxy equivalent: 140 g / eq) was attached in an amount of 1.0% by mass based on the total amount of the sizing agent and carbon fibers (100% by mass).
- A-2) Carbon fiber "Trading Card” M55JB-6K (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) was used.
- polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether (epoxy equivalent: 140 g / eq) was attached in an amount of 1.5% by mass based on the total amount of the sizing agent and carbon fibers (100% by mass).
- Example 1 An epoxy resin (jER828 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.), which is an impregnating resin, was melted in a melting bath at 200 ° C. and supplied to a kiss coater by a gear pump. An epoxy resin was applied from a kiss coater onto a roll heated to 200 ° C. to form a film. The carbon fibers (A-1) were passed through the roll while being in contact with each other, and a certain amount of epoxy resin was adhered to each unit length of the carbon fiber bundle. The carbon fibers to which the epoxy resin was attached were passed between free rolls heated to 230 ° C. and arranged alternately up and down in a straight line to obtain a composite in which the carbon fibers were sufficiently impregnated with the epoxy resin.
- jER828 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd. which is an impregnating resin
- polyphenylene sulfide (B-2) was melted in an extruder at 320 ° C. and extruded into a crosshead die attached to the tip of the extruder, and at the same time, the obtained complex was continuously inserted into the crosshead die.
- the complex was coated with polyphenylene sulfide (B-2) to obtain strands.
- the obtained strands After cooling the obtained strands, they were cut to a length of 7 mm with a cutter to obtain long fiber pellets, which is the molding material of the present invention.
- This pellet had a core-sheath structure with a complex as a core and polyphenylene sulfide (B-2) as a sheath.
- B-2 polyphenylene sulfide
- the carbon fiber bundles were arranged in parallel in parallel with the axial direction of the molding material, and the length of the carbon fiber bundle was substantially the same as the length of the molding material.
- the obtained long fiber pellets showed good handleability without fluffing due to transportation.
- the obtained long fiber pellet-shaped molding material was injected with an injection time of 2 seconds, a back pressure of 10 MPa, a holding pressure time of 10 seconds, and a cycle time of 55.
- An ISO type tensile dumbbell test piece (molded product) was produced by injection molding under the conditions of seconds, cylinder temperature: 280 ° C., and mold temperature: 160 ° C.
- the cylinder temperature indicates the temperature of a portion where the molding material of the injection molding machine is heated and melted
- the mold temperature indicates the temperature of the mold for injecting the molding material into a predetermined shape.
- the cycle time indicates the time from the start of one injection molding process to the removal of the molded product.
- the injection pressure here indicates a value obtained by measuring the maximum pressure generated when the molding material melted during injection molding is filled into the mold. The obtained test piece (molded product) was allowed to stand in a constant temperature and humidity chamber adjusted to a temperature of 23 ° C. and 50% RH for 24 hours, and then evaluated by the above-mentioned method. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the molding material, the value of the injection pressure during injection molding, and the evaluation results of the molded product.
- Example 1 except that the type and content of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A), the type and content of polyphenylene sulfide (B), and the type and content of the resin (C) were changed as shown in Table 1.
- a molding material long fiber pellet was obtained in the same manner as above.
- the obtained pellet had a complex in which the epoxy resin was sufficiently impregnated into the carbon fiber.
- the complex was coated with polyphenylene sulfide.
- the obtained pellet had a core-sheath structure with a complex as a core and polyphenylene sulfide as a sheath.
- the length of the obtained long fiber pellet was 7 mm as in Example 1. Further, the carbon fiber bundles were arranged in parallel in parallel with the axial direction of the molding material, and the length of the carbon fiber bundle was substantially the same as the length of the molding material.
- the long fiber pellets obtained in Examples 2 to 8 and 11 to 14 showed good handleability without fluffing due to transportation.
- the long fiber pellet obtained in Example 15 contains a large amount of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A), the amount of polyphenylene sulfide (B) contained is relatively small, and uneven coating and fluffing occur. It was seen and the result was inferior in handleability.
- a molded product was produced and evaluated by injection molding the obtained molding material in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the molding material, the value of the injection pressure during injection molding, and the evaluation results of the molded product.
- Epoxy resin (jER828 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.), which is an impregnated resin, was melted in a melting bath at 200 ° C. and supplied to a kiss coater by a gear pump in the same manner as in Example 1.
- An epoxy resin was applied from a kiss coater onto a roll heated to 200 ° C. to form a film.
- the carbon fibers (A-1) were passed through the roll while being in contact with each other, and a certain amount of epoxy resin was adhered to each unit length of the carbon fiber bundle.
- the carbon fibers to which the epoxy resin was attached were passed between free rolls heated to 230 ° C. and arranged alternately up and down in a straight line to obtain a composite in which the carbon fibers were sufficiently impregnated with the epoxy resin.
- the obtained mixed pellets were used in a JSW TEX-30 ⁇ twin-screw extruder (screw diameter 30 mm, die diameter 5 mm, barrel temperature 260 ° C., screw rotation speed 150 rpm), and the mixture was used as the main hopper of the extruder. It was supplied from the above, melt-kneaded, and discharged into a die in a molten state, and the periphery of the composite was covered (by the discharged material) to obtain a molten continuous molding material (strand).
- the contents of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A), the polyphenylene sulfide resin (B), the resin (C) and the aliphatic polycarbodiimide in the molding material are shown in Table 1 with respect to the molding material (100 parts by mass).
- the discharge amount in the die was adjusted so as to have the value described.
- the obtained continuous molding material (strand) was cooled and then cut with a cutter to obtain a molding material (long fiber pellet) having a length of 7 mm.
- the obtained pellet had a complex in which epoxy was sufficiently impregnated into carbon fibers. Further, in the obtained pellet, the complex has a resin composition composed of polyphenylene sulfide (B-1), polyphenylene sulfide (B-2) and an aliphatic polycarbodiimide (“Carbodilite HMV-8CA” (manufactured by Nisshinbo Chemical Co., Ltd.)). It was covered with things. Further, the obtained pellet had a core-sheath structure in which the composite was used as the core and the resin composition described above was used as the sheath. The length of the obtained long fiber pellet was 7 mm as in Example 1. Further, the carbon fiber bundles were arranged in parallel in parallel with the axial direction of the molding material, and the length of the carbon fiber bundle was substantially the same as the length of the molding material.
- the obtained long fiber pellets showed good handleability without fluffing due to transportation.
- a molded product was produced and evaluated by injection molding the obtained molding material in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the characteristics of the molding material, the value of the injection pressure during injection molding, and the evaluation results of the molded product.
- Example 1 (Comparative Examples 1 to 4) Example 1 except that the type and content of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A), the type and content of polyphenylene sulfide (B), and the type and content of the resin (C) were changed as shown in Table 1.
- a molding material (long fiber pellet) was obtained in the same manner as above.
- the obtained pellet had a complex in which the epoxy resin was sufficiently impregnated into the carbon fiber.
- the complex was coated with polyphenylene sulfide.
- the obtained pellet had a core-sheath structure with a complex as a core and polyphenylene sulfide as a sheath.
- the length of the obtained long fiber pellet was 7 mm as in Example 1. Further, the carbon fiber bundles were arranged in parallel in parallel with the axial direction of the molding material, and the length of the carbon fiber bundle was substantially the same as the length of the molding material.
- thermoplastic resin composition having a length of 7 mm.
- the obtained pellets did not contain the reinforcing fiber bundle (A), the length of the reinforcing fiber bundle could not be measured, and the core-sheath structure was not provided.
- the obtained resin pellets were injected with an injection time of 2 seconds, a back pressure of 10 MPa, a holding pressure time of 10 seconds, a cycle time of 45 seconds, and a cylinder temperature:
- An ISO type tensile dumbbell test piece (molded product) was produced by injection molding under the conditions of 280 ° C. and mold temperature: 160 ° C.
- the cylinder temperature indicates the temperature of a portion where the molding material of the injection molding machine is heated and melted
- the mold temperature indicates the temperature of the mold for injecting the molding material into a predetermined shape.
- the obtained test piece (molded product) was allowed to stand in a constant temperature and humidity chamber adjusted to a temperature of 23 ° C. and 50% RH for 24 hours, and then evaluated by the above-mentioned method. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- Examples 2 to 4, 6 to 10, 12 to 15 include homopolyphenylene sulfide composed of only paraphenylene sulfide units and copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide composed of paraphenylene sulfide units and metaphenylene sulfide units. Therefore, as compared with the case where only the copolymerized polyphenylene sulfide composed of metaphenylene sulfide units is contained (Examples 1 and 5), the crystallization rate, that is, the solidification rate is increased, but the molding material in a molten state in the mold is used. The filling of the molding material into the mold could be completed before the solidification of the material began. As described above, the molding materials of Examples 2 to 4, 6 to 10, and 12 to 15 were able to further shorten the cycle time.
- the molding temperature can be lowered as compared with the case where the melting point of polyphenylene sulfide is lowered by copolymerizing polysiloxane (Example 11), so that the gas can be used.
- the generation could be further suppressed, and the surface roughness of the molded product could be further reduced.
- Example 15 since the contents of the carbon fiber bundles in Examples 1 to 14 were in a suitable range, the injection pressure could be further lowered as compared with Example 15.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were molding materials having a melting point of polyphenylene sulfide higher than 270 ° C. and inferior in surface smoothness of the molded product after molding due to gas generation derived from the sizing agent for the reinforcing fiber bundle during molding.
- Comparative Example 5 was a molding material having inferior mechanical properties because it did not contain the reinforcing fiber bundle (A).
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Abstract
Description
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は以下の構成を有する。
[1]強化繊維束(A)とポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)を含む成形材料であって、該ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の融点が270℃以下である成形材料。
[2]前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)は、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位を含み、該メタフェニレンスルフィド単位の含有量が、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位の全量に対し、7mol%以上である、[1]に記載の成形材料。
[3]成形材料が長繊維ペレットである、[1]または[2]に記載の成形材料。
[4]前記強化繊維束(A)が成形材料の軸心方向に平行に並列されており、かつ該強化繊維束(A)の長さが成形材料の長さと実質的に同じである、[1]から[3]のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
[5]前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の降温結晶化温度が190℃以下である、[1]から[4]のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
[6]前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の降温結晶化温度と融点の差が80℃以上である、[1]から[5]のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
[7]前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)と複合体を含む成形材料であり、該複合体が前記強化繊維束(A)および樹脂(C)からなり、該樹脂(C)がエポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂およびテルペン樹脂からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の樹脂であり、前記複合体が前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)によって被覆されている、[1]から[6]のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
[8]前記強化繊維束(A)を構成する強化繊維が炭素繊維である、[1]から[7]のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
[9]前記強化繊維束(A)には集束剤が付着している、[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
[10]強化繊維とポリフェニレンスルフィドを含む成形品であって、前記強化繊維の重量平均繊維長が0.3mm以上、3.0mm以下であり、前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドの融点が270℃以下である成形品。
[11]強化繊維とポリフェニレンスルフィドを含む成形品であって、前記強化繊維の重量平均繊維長が0.3mm以上、3.0mm以下であり、前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドの降温結晶化温度が190℃以下である成形品。
[12]前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドの融点が270℃以下である、[11]に記載の成形品。
[13]前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドは、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位を含み、該メタフェニレンスルフィド単位の含有量が、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位の全量に対し、7mol%以上である、[10]から[12]のいずれかに記載の成形品。
[14]前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドは、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位のみからなるホモポリフェニレンスルフィドと、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位からなる共重合ポリフェニレンスルフィドを含む、[10]から[13]のいずれかに記載の成形品。
本発明の成形材料は強化繊維束(A)とポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)を含む。強化繊維束(A)を含むことによって、強化繊維の繊維長を長く保つことができ、優れた力学特性を発現することができる。
本発明における強化繊維束(A)は、単繊維が一方向に配列された状態であることを指す。強化繊維束(A)の形態として、一方向性繊維束、二方向性繊維束、多方向性繊維束などが例示できるが、成形材料を製造する過程での生産性の観点から、一方向性繊維束がより好ましく使用できる。強化繊維束(A)は、強化繊維の単糸数が多いほど経済性には有利であることから、単繊維は10,000本以上が好ましい。他方、強化繊維の単糸数が多いほどマトリックス樹脂の含浸性には不利となる傾向があるため、経済性と含浸性の両立を図る観点から、15,000本以上100,000本以下がより好ましく、20,000本以上50,000本以下がとりわけ好ましく使用できる。
本発明におけるポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の融点は270℃以下である。ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の融点は示差走査熱量測定における融解ピークの頂点の温度から求めることができる。2種以上のポリフェニレンスルフィドが用いられる場合であって、それらの混合物が単一の融解ピークを示す場合は、当該融解ピークの頂点から融点を求めることができる。一方、2種以上のポリフェニレンスルフィドが用いられる場合であって、複数の融解ピークが観察される場合は、それぞれの融解ピークの頂点から融点を求める。
[2][1]の昇温後、340℃から40℃まで20℃/分の降温速度でサンプルを降温する。
[3][2]の降温後、再度、40℃から340℃まで20℃/分の昇温速度でサンプル昇温する。
上記[3]の昇温過程において観測される融解ピークの頂点を融点とする。
樹脂(C)(含浸樹脂)は、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、およびテルペン樹脂からなる群より選択される1種以上の樹脂であることが好ましい。
(加熱減量)[重量%]={(加熱前重量-加熱後重量)/加熱前重量}×100
本発明の成形材料には、さらに、カルボジイミド構造、ウレア構造およびウレタン構造から選択される少なくとも1種の構造を1分子内に2個以上有する化合物を0.1~10質量%含むことが、強化繊維束(A)とポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)との親和性をさらに高め、得られる成形品の引張特性の向上の観点から好ましい。配合量は0.3~8質量%が好ましく、マトリックス樹脂との混練時の分解ガス発生などの観点も含めると0.5~5質量%の範囲がとりわけ好ましい。
本発明の成形品は、強化繊維とポリフェニレンスルフィドを含む成形品であって、前記強化繊維の重量平均繊維長が0.3mm以上、3.0mm以下であり、前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドの融点が270℃以下である成形品である。また、本発明の成形品は、強化繊維とポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)を含む成形品であって、前記強化繊維の重量平均繊維長が0.3mm以上、3.0mm以下であり、該ポリフェニレンスルフィドの降温結晶化温度が190℃以下である成形品である。
成形品に含まれる強化繊維の重量平均繊維長は0.3~3.0mmである。より好ましくは、0.5~2.8mmである。さらに好ましくは0.8~2.5mmである。強化繊維の重量平均繊維長を0.3mm以上とすることで、成形品の力学特性を十分に発現することができる。一方、強化繊維の重量平均繊維長が3.0mmを越える場合、成形品表面に強化繊維の繊維模様が顕著に現れやすくなり、成形品表面に強化繊維に由来するうねりが発生し、外観不良を招くため好ましくないことがある。そのため、強化繊維の重量平均繊維長を3.0mm以下にすることで、そのようなうねりを抑制し、成形品の表面外観と優れたものにことができる。
本発明における成形品に含まれるポリフェニレンフルフィド樹脂は、融点が270℃以下であることが好ましい。融点を270℃以下にすることで、従来のポリフェニレンフルフィド樹脂よりも低い成形温度で成形することができる。これにより、成形材料中に含まれる、含浸樹脂や集束剤およびその他添加剤の熱分解、即ち発生ガスを抑制することができる。
ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の融点および降温結晶化温度は、示差走査熱量計TA3000(メトラー社製)を用い、以下のとおりに測定された。
[1]示差走査熱量計TA3000(メトラー社製)を用い、40℃から340℃まで20℃/分の昇温速度でサンプルを昇温した。
[2][1]の昇温後、340℃から40℃まで20℃/分の降温速度でサンプルを降温した。
[3][2]の降温後、再度、40℃から340℃まで20℃/分の昇温速度でサンプル昇温する。
上記[3]の昇温過程において観測される融解ピークの頂点を融点とした。また、上記[2]の降温過程において観測される降温結晶化ピークの頂点を降温結晶化温度とした。
成形材料を射出成形し得られたISO型ダンベル試験片について、ISO527(2012)に従い引張強度を測定した。支点間距離114mm、引張速度5mm/min、温度23℃、相対湿度50%条件下で、試験機として、“インストロン(登録商標)”万能試験機5566型(インストロン社製)を用いた。
成形材料を射出成形し得られたISO型ダンベル試験片について、ISO178(1993)に従い曲げ特性を測定した。3点曲げ試験冶具(圧子半径5mm)を用いて支点距離を64mmに設定し、試験速度2mm/分の試験条件にて曲げ弾性率を測定した。試験機として、“インストロン(登録商標)”万能試験機5566型(インストロン社製)を用いた。
成形材料を射出成形し得られたISO型ダンベル試験片の一部を切り出し、320℃で加熱プレスし、およそ30μm厚のフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムを光学顕微鏡にて150倍に拡大観察し、フィルム内で分散した強化繊維を、無作為に少なくとも400本以上抽出しその長さを1μm単位まで測定して、次式により重量平均繊維長を求めた。ここで、「重量平均繊維長」とは、重量平均分子量の算出方法を繊維長の算出に適用し、単純に数平均を取るのではなく、繊維長の寄与を考慮した下記の式から算出される平均繊維長を指す。ただし、下記の式は、強化繊維の繊維径および密度が一定の場合に適用される。
重量平均繊維長=Σ(Mi2×Ni)/Σ(Mi×Ni)
Mi:繊維長(mm)
Ni:繊維長Miの炭素繊維の個数
i:測定繊維の個数。
成形材料を射出成形し得られたISO型ダンベル試験片の金型鏡面側の表面について、表面粗さ計(東京精密(株)社製表面粗さ計)を用いRzを求めた。Rzが小さいほど表面粗さが小さく、表面平滑性に優れることを示している。
撹拌機付きの20リットルオートクレーブに、47質量%の水硫化ナトリウム水溶液2383g(20.0モル)、水酸化ナトリウム(純度96質量%)848g(20.4モル)、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)3271g(33モル)、酢酸ナトリウム541g(6.6モル)、及びイオン交換水3000gを仕込み、常圧で窒素を通じながら225℃まで約3時間かけて徐々に加熱し、水4200gおよびNMP80gを留出したのち、反応容器を150℃に冷却した。仕込み水流化ナトリウム1モル当たりの硫化水素の飛散量は0.018モルであった。
p-ジクロロベンゼン(p-DCB)2940g(20モル)の代わりに、p-ジクロロベンゼン(p-DCB)2499g(17モル)およびm-ジクロロベンゼン(m-DCB)441g(3モル)を用いたこと以外は、上記参考例1と同様にしてポリフェニレンスルフィド(B-2)を得た。最終的に得られた(B-2)のMFRは775g/10分であった。
p-ジクロロベンゼン(p-DCB)2940g(20モル)の代わりに、p-ジクロロベンゼン(p-DCB)2646g(18モル)およびm-ジクロロベンゼン(m-DCB)294g(2モル)を用いたこと以外は、上記参考例1と同様にしてポリフェニレンスルフィド(B-3)を得た。最終的に得られた(B-3)のMFRは170g/10分であった。
撹拌機および底に弁の付いた20リットルオートクレーブに、47質量%の水硫化ナトリウム水溶液2383g(20.0モル)、水酸化ナトリウム(純度96質量%)831g(19.9モル)、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)3960g(40.0モル)、およびイオン交換水3000gを仕込み、常圧で窒素を通じながら225℃まで約3時間かけて徐々に加熱し、水4200gおよびNMP80gを留出した後、反応容器を160℃に冷却した。仕込み水流化ナトリウム1モル当たりの硫化水素の飛散量は0.021モルであった。
特開昭64-45433号公報に記載されている方法に準じて、還流管、攪拌機を具備したオートクレーブに、無水硫化ナトリウムを937g(12モル)、4,4,-ジクロロジフェニルスルフィドを3570g(14モル)、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)10280g(104モル)を仕込み、窒素雰囲気中、200℃で3時間加熱還流した。その後、反応混合物を水に注ぎいれ粗生成物をろ過によって得た後300mlの高温トルエンで抽出した。結果、トルエンに不溶のポリフェニレンスルフィドオリゴマーを2720g得た。
(A-1):炭素繊維“トレカ”T800-24K(東レ(株)製)を用いた。炭素繊維の集束剤として、ポリグリセロールポリグリシジルエーテル(エポキシ当量:140g/eq)を、集束剤と炭素繊維の合計(100質量%)に対して、1.0重量%付着させた。
(A-2):炭素繊維“トレカ”M55JB-6K(東レ(株)製)を用いた。炭素繊維の集束剤として、ポリグリセロールポリグリシジルエーテル(エポキシ当量:140g/eq)を、集束剤と炭素繊維の合計(100質量%)に対して、1.5重量%付着させた。
含浸樹脂であるエポキシ樹脂(ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製jER828)を200℃の溶融バス中で溶融させ、ギアポンプにてキスコーターに供給した。200℃に加熱されたロール上にキスコーターからエポキシ樹脂を塗布し、被膜を形成した。このロール上に炭素繊維(A-1)を接触させながら通過させて、炭素繊維束の単位長さあたりに一定量のエポキシ樹脂を付着させた。エポキシ樹脂が付着した炭素繊維を230℃に加熱された、一直線上に上下交互に配置されたフリーロール間に通過させ、エポキシ樹脂が炭素繊維に十分含浸した複合体を得た。
強化繊維束(A)の種類および含有量、ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の種類および含有量、ならびに、樹脂(C)の種類および含有量を表1に記載のように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして成形材料(長繊維ペレット)を得た。
実施例1と同様に含浸樹脂であるエポキシ樹脂(ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製jER828)を200℃の溶融バス中で溶融させ、ギアポンプにてキスコーターに供給した。200℃に加熱されたロール上にキスコーターからエポキシ樹脂を塗布し、被膜を形成した。このロール上に炭素繊維(A-1)を接触させながら通過させて、炭素繊維束の単位長さあたりに一定量のエポキシ樹脂を付着させた。エポキシ樹脂が付着した炭素繊維を230℃に加熱された、一直線上に上下交互に配置されたフリーロール間に通過させ、エポキシ樹脂が炭素繊維に十分含浸した複合体を得た。
強化繊維束(A)の種類および含有量、ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の種類および含有量、ならびに、樹脂(C)の種類および含有量を表1に記載のように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして成形材料(長繊維ペレット)を得た。
ポリフェニレンフルフィド樹脂(B-1)のペレット、ポリフェニレンフルフィド樹脂(B-2)のペレット、ポリフェニレンフルフィド樹脂(B-4)のペレット、および、エポキシ樹脂(C)をドライブレンドし、中間原料となる混合体を得た。当該混合体におけるそれぞれの含有量は表2に記載のとおりであった。
2:ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)
3:強化繊維
Claims (14)
- 強化繊維束(A)とポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)を含む成形材料であって、該ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の融点が270℃以下である成形材料。
- 前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)は、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位を含み、該メタフェニレンスルフィド単位の含有量が、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位の全量に対し、7mol%以上である、請求項1に記載の成形材料。
- [規則91に基づく訂正 26.10.2021]
成形材料が長繊維ペレットである、請求項1または2に記載の成形材料。 - 前記強化繊維束(A)が成形材料の軸心方向に平行に並列されており、かつ該強化繊維束(A)の長さが成形材料の長さと実質的に同じである、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
- 前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の降温結晶化温度が190℃以下である、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
- 前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)の降温結晶化温度と融点の差が80℃以上である、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
- 前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)と複合体を含む成形材料であり、該複合体が前記強化繊維束(A)および樹脂(C)からなり、該樹脂(C)がエポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂およびテルペン樹脂からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の樹脂であり、前記複合体が前記ポリフェニレンスルフィド(B)によって被覆されている、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
- 前記強化繊維束(A)を構成する強化繊維が炭素繊維である、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
- 前記強化繊維束(A)には集束剤が付着している、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の成形材料。
- 強化繊維とポリフェニレンスルフィドを含む成形品であって、前記強化繊維の重量平均繊維長が0.3mm以上、3.0mm以下であり、前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドの融点が270℃以下である成形品。
- 強化繊維とポリフェニレンスルフィドを含む成形品であって、前記強化繊維の重量平均繊維長が0.3mm以上、3.0mm以下であり、前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドの降温結晶化温度が190℃以下である成形品。
- 前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドの融点が270℃以下である、請求項11に記載の成形品。
- 前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドは、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位を含み、該メタフェニレンスルフィド単位の含有量が、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位の全量に対し、7mol%以上である、請求項10から12のいずれかに記載の成形品。
- 前記ポリフェニレンスルフィドは、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位のみからなるホモポリフェニレンスルフィドと、パラフェニレンスルフィド単位とメタフェニレンスルフィド単位からなる共重合ポリフェニレンスルフィドを含む、請求項10から13のいずれかに記載の成形品。
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US18/034,454 US20240017444A1 (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2021-10-21 | Molding material and molded article |
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2021
- 2021-10-21 EP EP21889046.5A patent/EP4242259A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-21 CN CN202180072578.6A patent/CN116419947A/zh active Pending
- 2021-10-21 US US18/034,454 patent/US20240017444A1/en active Pending
- 2021-10-21 JP JP2021565816A patent/JPWO2022097493A1/ja active Pending
- 2021-10-21 WO PCT/JP2021/038942 patent/WO2022097493A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPWO2022097493A1 (ja) | 2022-05-12 |
US20240017444A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
EP4242259A1 (en) | 2023-09-13 |
CN116419947A (zh) | 2023-07-11 |
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