WO2022085180A1 - 装着品又はスポーツ用品用の防滑部材、装着品及びスポーツ用品 - Google Patents
装着品又はスポーツ用品用の防滑部材、装着品及びスポーツ用品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022085180A1 WO2022085180A1 PCT/JP2020/039913 JP2020039913W WO2022085180A1 WO 2022085180 A1 WO2022085180 A1 WO 2022085180A1 JP 2020039913 W JP2020039913 W JP 2020039913W WO 2022085180 A1 WO2022085180 A1 WO 2022085180A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- slip member
- water
- elastomer
- soluble particles
- slip
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/22—Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
- A43B13/04—Plastics, rubber or vulcanised fibre
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
- A63B60/06—Handles
- A63B60/14—Coverings specially adapted for handles, e.g. sleeves or ribbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an anti-slip member for an attached item or a sports item, an attached item and a sporting item, and more particularly, an attached item having an improved wet grip property or an anti-slip member for the sporting item, and an attached item provided with the anti-slip member. And sports equipment.
- athletic shoes may be used after rainy weather or on the ground wet with water in rainy weather.
- Water-wet ground is slippery, so there is a risk that the wearer of athletic shoes will slip and fall when acting on the wet ground.
- sweat generated by the player may occur or get in between the grip and the hand.
- the sweat that exists between the grip and the hand causes slippage between the two, which prevents the player from firmly fixing the bat to the hand. In some cases, this sweat can cause the bat to slip out of the hand.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a sole foam in which a rubber and / or resin sole foam is blended with a polished cut leather. In this foam for soles, the wettability of the foam for soles is improved by the polished cut material of the leather having high water absorption, thereby enhancing the wet grip property.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an outsole formed of a viscoelastic body containing rubber.
- Patent Document 3 discloses an outer sole formed from a composition containing a thermoplastic elastomer. In this outer sole, by increasing the surface free energy of the composition, the formation of a liquid film between the surface of the composition and the road surface is suppressed, thereby enhancing the wet grip property.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an anti-slip member composed of an elastomer composition in which hydrogel is dispersed on the surface of an elastomer. This anti-slip member increases the contact area between the elastomer of the surface and the object by trapping the water existing at the interface between the surface of the anti-slip member and the object by hydrogel, thereby making it wet. The grip is improved.
- anti-slip members as described above have been proposed, they are anti-slip members that are widely applicable to various wearable items or sports equipment, and have further improved wet grip and wet grip. Wearing items and sporting goods are constantly being sought after.
- an object of the present invention to provide an anti-slip member for an attached product or sports equipment having improved wet grip, and an attached product and sports equipment provided with such an anti-slip member.
- the anti-slip member for an accessory or sports equipment is composed of an elastomer composition containing an elastomer and a plurality of water-soluble particles dispersed in the elastomer.
- the attached product or sports equipment according to the present invention is provided with the above-mentioned anti-slip member.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state after the anti-slip member of FIG. 2 comes into contact with an object wet with water.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a shoe as an attached product of one embodiment, in which an anti-slip member is provided at a position where the sole of the shoe comes into contact with the ground. The bottom view of the sole provided with the anti-slip member in the shoe of FIG.
- the graph which showed the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient in the elastomer composition of an Example The graph which showed the tensile strength in the elastomer composition of an Example. The graph which showed the tear strength in the elastomer composition of an Example. The graph which showed the wear volume in the elastomer composition of an Example. The graph which showed the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient in the elastomer composition of an Example and a comparative example. The graph which showed the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient in the elastomer composition of an Example and a comparative example.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an anti-slip member 10 for an attached product or sports equipment of the present embodiment.
- the anti-slip member 10 of the present embodiment is composed of an elastomer composition containing an elastomer 11 and water-soluble particles 12 dispersed in the elastomer 11, and the water-soluble particles 12 are dispersed in the anti-slip member 10.
- the wearing item means an article worn or worn by the user (wearer) at the time of use, for example, shoes for exercise, work, cold weather or daily use, wear, gloves, eyeglasses. Etc.
- the sporting goods refer to the goods used when the user exercises (particularly, being held by the user) and are not included in the above-mentioned wearing goods.
- it includes a bat, a racket, a golf club, etc. (the anti-slip member of the present invention is mainly provided on these grip portions), a grip provided for them, a grip tape, and the like.
- exercise used in the present specification refers to all physical activities performed by humans by moving their bodies, and includes physical activities performed for sports, athletics, exercise, recreation, and the like.
- the "surface" of an anti-slip member refers to a surface on which the elastomeric composition constituting the anti-slip member comes into contact with an object when the anti-slip member is provided on an attached item or sports equipment.
- the surface of the anti-slip member means the surface where the anti-slip member comes into contact with the ground, and the surface on which the anti-slip member is adhered to the shoe. It does not include surfaces that do not come into contact with the ground.
- This may be referred to as a surface layer region of the anti-slip member 10.
- the surface of the anti-slip member 10 shown in the lower part of FIGS. 1 to 3 will be defined as the surface of the anti-slip member 10 and will be described.
- FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the anti-slip member 10 after the water-soluble particles 12 exposed on the surface of the anti-slip member 10 shown in FIG. 1 disappear.
- a recess C is formed on the surface of the anti-slip member 10 where the water-soluble particles 12 were present.
- the recess C formed on the surface of the anti-slip member 10 in this way can hold a small amount of air A inside.
- the anti-slip member of the present embodiment has a function of holding air A inside the recess C, so that the wet grip property is enhanced.
- the mechanism will be described later.
- water is an arbitrary aqueous liquid which may cause slippage between an object and an accessory or sports equipment provided with an anti-slip member, unless otherwise specified. For example, rainwater, sweat, etc.) are included.
- the surface layer region of the anti-slip member 10 has a recess C which is a trace of disappearance of the water-soluble particles 12.
- the surface area of the antislip member 10 can be defined as a thickness-wise region from the surface of the antislip member 10 to the deepest position where either the water-soluble particles 12 or the recess C exposed on such a surface are present.
- the water-soluble particles 12 on the surface of the anti-slip member 10 may disappear from the surface due to factors other than being dissolved in water, and a recess C is formed when the anti-slip member is used (when it gets wet with water). All you have to do is.
- the water-soluble particles 12 on the surface of the anti-slip member 10 may be simply physically removed from the surface, crushed, or the like to disappear.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state after the anti-slip member 10 of the present embodiment comes into contact with an object G wet with water W.
- the object G is represented as a ground G wet with water W.
- a state in which stress is applied to the anti-slip member 10 in the direction of the arrow and strain is applied to the interface with the ground G is shown.
- a recess C capable of holding air A is formed inside the surface of the anti-slip member 10 from which the water-soluble particles 12 on the surface have disappeared when wet with water W.
- the air A held in the recess C is discharged from the recess C to the interface when the interface between the anti-slip member 10 and the ground G is distorted in the state after being in contact with the ground G.
- the amount of air A released at this time is very small, it is difficult for a gap to be formed between the anti-slip member 10 having low elasticity and the ground G, so that the air A can be spread over a relatively wide range of the interface.
- the anti-slip member 10 of the present embodiment can exhibit a high grip property even on the ground G wet with water W, and therefore the wet grip property is improved.
- the surface of the anti-slip member 10 may be worn as the contact with the object G is repeated. Then, the concave portion C formed on the surface before the wear is lost, but a part of the water-soluble particles 12 further contained inside the anti-slip member 10 is newly added to the surface of the anti-slip member 10 after the wear. It will be exposed. When the water-soluble particles 12 newly exposed on the surface disappear due to dissolution in water W or the like, new recesses C are formed on the surface. Therefore, the anti-slip member 10 of the present embodiment has an advantage that it has high durability as an anti-slip member because it can maintain high wet grip even if the surface is worn by use.
- the water-soluble particles 12 are dissolved when wet with water (for example, rainwater or sweat at 0 ° C to 50 ° C) that is expected to come into contact with the anti-slip member in the attached product or sports equipment in which the anti-slip member is used. It is a particle made of a water-soluble substance that disappears from the inside of the anti-slip member 10.
- water-soluble substances include, but are not limited to, sodium chloride (salt), potassium chloride, zinc chloride, copper (II) chloride, iron (II) chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum chloride, ammonium chloride, and the like.
- Examples thereof include inorganic salts such as calcium chloride and manganese chloride (II), organic salts such as calcium acetate, and sugars such as sucrose (sucrose), glucose, maltose, lactose, and starch. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Since the water-soluble substance dissolves in water or an aqueous liquid and elutes when the antislip member is used, it is a substance that is less harmful to the human body, clothing, or other external world when eluted, and is preferably harmless. It is preferable to have.
- inorganic salts such as calcium chloride and manganese chloride (II)
- organic salts such as calcium acetate
- sugars such as sucrose (sucrose), glucose, maltose, lactose, and starch.
- the water-soluble particles 12 contain inorganic salt particles as water-soluble substances. Since the inorganic salt has relatively high heat resistance, it has an advantage that it is not easily chemically modified by heat during manufacturing of the antislip member 10 (for example, when the elastomer 11 is vulcanized rubber, the heat associated with vulcanization of rubber). There is. Particularly preferably, sodium chloride is selected as the inorganic salt.
- the particle size of the water-soluble particles 12 is appropriately adjusted so that a recess C having a size capable of effectively releasing air can be formed on the surface of the anti-slip member 10 and the interface between the wet object G.
- the average particle diameter of the water-soluble particles 12 contained in the anti-slip member 10 is 1 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter of the water-soluble particles 12 contained in the anti-slip member 10 is preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of sufficiently maintaining the mechanical strength such as the tensile strength, tear strength, and wear resistance of the anti-slip member 10. , 100 ⁇ m or less is more preferable. If the particle size of the water-soluble particles 12 is too large, the mechanical strength of the anti-slip member 10 tends to decrease due to the water-soluble particles 12 existing in the anti-slip member 10, and the mechanical strength required for the anti-slip member for an attached product or sports equipment is required. It may not be strong enough.
- the average particle size of the water-soluble particles 12 contained in the anti-slip member 10 is 10 or more particles of the water-soluble particles 12 found in two or more randomly selected cross sections of the anti-slip member 10. Can be determined by randomly selecting the particles, removing the particles from the cross section, measuring the major axis diameters individually, and arithmetically averaging the measurements obtained for each.
- the ratio of the water-soluble particles 12 contained in the anti-slip member 10 is not limited to the following, but is preferably 1% by volume or more and 5% by volume or less, and more preferably 2% by volume or more and 4% by volume or less. More preferably, the water-soluble particles 12 in the above proportions are contained in the internal region excluding the surface layer region of the anti-slip member 10.
- the anti-slip member 10 includes a surface layer region having recesses that are traces of disappearance of the water-soluble particles 12, and an internal region provided inside the surface layer region, and the water-soluble member 10 is contained in the internal region.
- the proportion of the sex particles 12 is preferably 1% by volume or more and 5% by volume or less, and more preferably 2% by volume or more and 4% by volume or less.
- the ratio of the water-soluble particles 12 contained in the anti-slip member 10 is preferably 5% by volume or less, preferably 4% by volume or less, from the viewpoint of sufficiently maintaining mechanical strength such as tensile strength and tear strength of the anti-slip member 10. Is more preferable. If the proportion of the water-soluble particles 12 contained in the anti-slip member 10 is too large, the mechanical strength of the anti-slip member 10 tends to decrease due to the water-soluble particles 12 existing in the anti-slip member 10, and the anti-slip member for an attached item or sports equipment There is a possibility that the mechanical strength required for the above cannot be exhibited.
- the content of the water-soluble particles 12 in the anti-slip member 10 is excessive, there are many portions in the anti-slip member 10 where the water-soluble particles 12 come into contact with each other. If the water-soluble particles 12 come into contact with each other too much, when the water-soluble particles 12 exposed on the surface of the anti-slip member 10 get wet with water and dissolve, the wet particles 12 are directly or other water-soluble particles 12. Other water-soluble particles 12 inside the anti-slip member 10 that are in contact with each other may also be dissolved in a chain reaction. Then, inside the once wet anti-slip member 10, a sponge-like cavity is formed in the region where the water-soluble particles 12 existed, and the mechanical strength of the anti-slip member 10 may be significantly reduced.
- the proportion of the water-soluble particles 12 contained in the anti-slip member 10 based on the volume% can be determined, for example, by the following method: water-soluble found in two or more randomly selected cross sections of the anti-slip member 10. After all the particles of the sex particles 12 are eliminated (for example, by eluting with water), the area of all the recesses, which are traces of disappearance of the water-soluble particles 12, seen in the cross section by observation using a microscope or the like is measured. Then, the ratio of the total area of the recesses to the cross section is calculated. The volume of the water-soluble particles 12 contained in the anti-slip member 10 is calculated by performing this measurement and calculation on at least two cross sections and multiplying the average of the calculated total area ratios by 3/2.
- the surface of the anti-slip member 10 is until no recesses, which are traces of disappearance of the water-soluble particles 12, are confirmed (for example,). After removing the surface layer region by scraping with a uniform thickness (to a depth of 100 ⁇ m from the surface), the content of the water-soluble particles 12 may be measured with respect to the anti-slip member 10.
- the water-soluble particles 12 dispersed in the elastomer 11 of the anti-slip member 10 are substantially uniformly dispersed in the elastomer 11. Since the water-soluble particles 12 are uniformly dispersed in the elastomer 11, the water-soluble particles 12 or the recesses C are also substantially uniformly dispersed on the surface of the anti-slip member 10. As a result, in the anti-slip member 10, air discharged from the recess C can be widely interposed between the surface of the anti-slip member 10 and the object G on the entire surface of the anti-slip member 10. Therefore, the wet grip property can be more effectively enhanced on the entire surface of the anti-slip member 10.
- the water-soluble particles 12 or the recesses C do not necessarily have to be dispersed over the entire surface of the anti-slip member 10. Even if the water-soluble particles 12 or the recesses C are unevenly distributed in a specific region on the surface of the anti-slip member 10, the wet grip property of the anti-slip member 10 is enhanced.
- an elastomer generally used as an anti-slip material, which can exhibit sufficient grip against an object to be contacted is used.
- examples of such elastomers include natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and butyl rubber (IIR).
- Sulfurized rubber such as silicone rubber (Si), or styrene-based elastomer (TPS), olefin-based elastomer (TPO), urethane-based elastomer (TPU), polyester-based elastomer (TPEE), polyamide-based elastomer (TPA) poly.
- Sulfurized rubber such as silicone rubber (Si), or styrene-based elastomer (TPS), olefin-based elastomer (TPO), urethane-based elastomer (TPU), polyester-based elastomer (TPEE), polyamide-based elastomer (TPA) poly.
- PVC vinyl chloride
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- the elastomer 11 is appropriately selected depending on the properties required for the attached product or sports equipment in which the anti-slip member is used.
- BR, SBR, NR, and IR having excellent tensile strength, tear strength, and wear resistance are preferably selected as the elastomer 11.
- the hardness of the elastomer 11 can be appropriately set according to the use of the anti-slip member.
- the hardness of the elastomer 11 is preferably in the range of 55 to 75 for a type A durometer based on JIS K 6253-3: 2012.
- the hardness of the elastomer 11 is preferably in the range of 40 to 60 for the hardness of the type A durometer.
- the improvement in wet grip property due to the inclusion of the water-soluble particles 12 in the anti-slip member 10 tends to be more remarkable as the hardness of the elastomer 11 is lower. From this point of view, the hardness of the elastomer 11 is more preferably 65 or less in the type A durometer.
- the improvement of the wet grip property due to the inclusion of the water-soluble particles 12 in the anti-slip member 10 tends to become more remarkable as the initial elastic modulus (tensile elastic modulus) of the elastomer 11 is lower.
- the initial elastic modulus of the elastomer 11 is preferably 20 MPa or less, and more preferably 10 MPa or less.
- the initial elastic modulus of the elastomer 11 is preferably 1 MPa or more.
- the elastomer 11 may be a non-foamed material or a foamed material as long as a recess C having substantially the same size as the water-soluble particles 12 can be formed on the surface as a trace of disappearance of the water-soluble particles 12.
- the surface of the anti-slip member 10 has a smooth surface that can come into contact with the object G in order to secure a wide contact area with the object G in the vicinity of the disappearance marks of the water-soluble particles 12.
- the elastomer 11 contained in the anti-slip member 10 is preferably a non-foaming material. In this embodiment, the elastomer 11 is depicted as a non-foaming material.
- the anti-slip member 10 may further contain an inorganic filler such as silica, alumina, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, carbon black, graphite, talc, and clay.
- an inorganic filler such as silica, alumina, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, carbon black, graphite, talc, and clay.
- the anti-slip member 10 preferably contains an inorganic filler having excellent hydrophilicity.
- silica having a large number of silanol groups (—Si—OH), which are hydrophilic functional groups, on the particle surface is preferably selected.
- the silica may be wet silica or dry silica.
- the wet silica may be precipitated silica, gel silica or colloidal silica.
- the dry method silica may be flame method silica or arc method silica.
- the silica is preferably wet method silica.
- the wet method silica preferably contains aggregated particles in which a plurality of primary particles having a diameter of about 20 nm are aggregated. Precipitated silica, which contains a large amount of agglomerated particles that are easily decomposed into primary particles, is easy to handle, and has excellent dispersibility of the primary particles in rubber, is suitable.
- the content of silica in the anti-slip member 10 is preferably 10 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the elastomer 11.
- the content of the silica is more preferably 20 parts by mass or more, further preferably 30 parts by mass or more.
- the content of the silica in the anti-slip member 10 is preferably 100 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the elastomer 11.
- the content of the silica is more preferably 90 parts by mass or less, and further preferably 80 parts by mass or more.
- the anti-slip member 10 preferably contains a silane coupling agent together with silica.
- the silane coupling agent in the present embodiment has a hydrolyzable functional group at the end of the molecular chain, and may further have an organic functional group other than the hydrolyzable functional group.
- the hydrolyzable functional group may be an alkoxy group, a phenoxy group, a carboxyl group, an alkenyloxy group or the like.
- the organic functional group may be an epoxy group, a vinyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an amino group, a sulfide group, a mercapto group or the like.
- the silane coupling agent in this embodiment preferably has a sulfide group.
- the silane coupling agent in the present embodiment is preferably a sulfide-based silane coupling agent.
- the sulfide-based silane coupling agent may be a monosulfide-based silane coupling agent or a polysulfide-based silane coupling agent.
- sulfide-based silane coupling agent examples include bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, and mercaptopropyltrimethoxy.
- the silane coupling agent can be contained in the anti-slip member 10 in a proportion of 1 part by mass or more when the content of silica in the anti-slip member 10 is 100 parts by mass.
- the content of the silane coupling agent is preferably 6 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 7 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica.
- the content of the silane coupling agent is preferably 20 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 15 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica.
- the anti-slip member 10 may further contain a compound having excellent hydrophilicity such as polyethylene glycol.
- the polyethylene glycol preferably has a mass average molecular weight of 2,000 or more and 5,000 or less. The mass average molecular weight is obtained as a polystyrene-equivalent value by the GPC method.
- the content of the polyethylene glycol in the anti-slip member 10 is preferably 0.1 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the elastomer 11.
- the content of the polyethylene glycol is more preferably 0.2 parts by mass or more, further preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more.
- the content of the polyethylene glycol is more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, further preferably 2 parts by mass or less.
- the anti-slip member 10 may contain a plasticizer such as paraffin oil (liquid paraffin).
- the highly hydrophobic plasticizer such as paraffin oil preferably has a content of 30 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the elastomer 11.
- the anti-slip member 10 of the present embodiment contains a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator, a cross-linking accelerator, a filler, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, and any other other components. May be good.
- the anti-slip member 10 has a tensile strength of 12 MPa or more measured based on JIS K6251: 2017 "Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber-How to determine tensile properties" in that the anti-slip member 10 exhibits the characteristics required for the sole. Is preferable.
- the anti-slip member 10 preferably has a tensile elongation at break of 350% or more as measured based on the JIS.
- the tear strength required based on JIS K6252-1: 2015 "Vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic rubber-How to determine tear strength-Part 1: Trauser type, Angle type and Crescent type” is 40 N / mm or more. Is preferable.
- the tear strength can be measured using an angled test piece (without notch).
- the tensile strength of the anti-slip member 10 is more preferably 15 MPa or more, further preferably 17 MPa or more.
- the tensile strength is usually 50 MPa or less.
- the tensile elongation at break of the anti-slip member 10 is more preferably 400% or more, further preferably 500% or more.
- the tensile elongation at break is usually 1000% or less.
- the tear strength of the anti-slip member 10 is more preferably 50 N / mm or more, further preferably 60 N / mm or more.
- the tear strength is usually 120 N / mm or less.
- the initial elastic modulus of the anti-slip member 10 is preferably 20 MPa or less, more preferably 12 MPa or less.
- the initial elastic modulus of the anti-slip member 11 is preferably 1 MPa or more.
- the anti-slip member 10 of the present embodiment comprises the above-mentioned components, that is, the elastomer 11, the water-soluble particles 12, and optionally silica, a silane coupling agent, polyethylene glycol, or the like, by any method usually carried out by those skilled in the art. It can be manufactured by kneading. For example, as a kneading method, a method of kneading each of the above components by an open roll, a kneader, or the like, for example, by the A kneading step or the B kneading step can be used.
- the anti-slip member 10 of the present embodiment includes a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator, a cross-linking accelerator, a filler, a plasticizer, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, and any other arbitrary material. It may contain an ingredient.
- the attached product or sports equipment of the present invention includes the anti-slip member 10.
- the wearing product or sports equipment of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a product worn or worn by the user (wearer) at the time of use, or a product used when the user exercises. For example, shoes, clothing, gloves, eyeglasses, bats, rackets, golf clubs, and the like may be used.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a shoe 20 as an attached product of one embodiment, in which the anti-slip member 10 is provided at a position where the sole 23 comes into contact with the ground.
- the shoe 20 has an upper material 21 that covers the upper surface of the foot, and a midsole 22 and an outer sole 23 as soles that are arranged under the upper material 21.
- the shoe 20 has an outer sole 23 arranged at a position in contact with the ground and provided with the anti-slip member 10, and a midsole 22 arranged between the upper material 21 and the outer sole 23. are doing.
- the shoe 20 includes both the midsole 22 and the outer sole 23, but the shoe 20 does not necessarily have both of them. That is, the shoe 20 may include only the outer sole 23 provided with the anti-slip member 10 as the sole, and may not include the midsole 22.
- the outer sole 23 may be made of foam in order to secure the cushioning property required for the mid sole.
- FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the shoe sole (outer sole) 23 provided with the anti-slip member 10 in the shoe 20.
- the length of the sole 23 A region within the range of 0% to 60% position in the direction (hereinafter, also referred to as a front region of the sole 23) and a region within the range of 70% to 100% position of the sole 23 in the length direction (hereinafter, also referred to as a front region).
- An anti-slip member 10 may be provided in the rear region of the sole 23).
- the anti-slip member 10 is provided in an area that occupies 5 to 100% of the entire front area of the sole 23, an area that occupies 5 to 100% of the entire rear area of the sole 23, or both.
- the region within the range of 0% to 60% in the length direction of the shoe sole 23 is the point where it is the 60% position on the straight line in the length direction passing through the end on the toe side and the end on the heel side.
- a 60% position width direction straight line that passes through the straight line and intersects the straight line perpendicularly is defined, and refers to the region of the shoe sole 23 on the toe side of the 60% position width direction straight line.
- the region within the range of the 70% to 100% position in the length direction of the sole 23 refers to the region of the sole 23 on the heel side of the 70% position width direction straight line similarly defined. Further, these areas are designated by the area when the bottom surface of the shoe sole 23 is viewed from the front as shown in FIG.
- the sole 23 is provided with the anti-slip member 10 at a position corresponding to the wearer's heel, metatarsophalangeal joint and toe.
- the positions corresponding to the heel, the metatarsophalangeal joint, and the toe have a lot of contact with the ground and the contact area is relatively large, so that the grip property is easily exhibited. Therefore, by arranging the anti-slip member 10 at these positions of the shoe sole 23, the wet grip property of the shoe 20 can be more effectively enhanced.
- the position where the anti-slip member 10 is provided in the sole 23 of the shoe 20 of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the anti-slip member 10 may be provided on the sole 23 at a position corresponding to at least one position of the wearer's heel, metatarsophalangeal joint, or toe, and may be provided at a position different from those positions. It may be provided.
- the anti-slip member 10 may be provided only in the front region of the sole 23, or may be provided only in the rear region. Further, the anti-slip member 10 may be provided on the entire surface of the sole 23, or the entire sole 23 may be formed by the anti-slip member 10.
- the anti-slip member 10 provided on the sole 23 comes into contact with the ground on the widest possible surface of the anti-slip member 10 when it comes into contact with the ground. .. Therefore, unlike the conventionally known anti-slip member for soles, the anti-slip member 10 provided on the sole 23 preferably does not have large irregularities on the surface, and has a flat surface. More preferred.
- the anti-slip member 10 provided on the sole 23 enhances the wet grip property against various ground including the unpaved surface, and among them, the shoe 20 is paved with concrete, asphalt, or the like. Wet grip on the road surface is particularly enhanced. In contrast, it should be noted that the shoe 20 of the present embodiment can hardly be expected to improve the wet grip property on frozen ground or ice due to its wet blip property improvement mechanism.
- the anti-slip member 10 of the present embodiment is composed of an elastomer composition in which water-soluble particles 12 are dispersed in the elastomer 11, and the anti-slip member 10 is composed of such an elastomer composition and the inside of the elastomer 11. It may be a combination with a conventional elastic body having general anti-slip irregularities on the surface on which the water-soluble particles 12 are not dispersed. Further, even if such an anti-slip member 10 is integrally molded as an elastomer composition having both an internal region in which the water-soluble particles 12 are dispersed and an internal region in which the water-soluble particles 12 are not dispersed. good.
- FIG. 6 shows the rugby wear 30 as an embodiment of the mounted product of the present invention.
- the anti-slip member 10 may be provided in the vicinity of the chest of the front body, as well as in the shoulders and armpits.
- the vicinity of the chest and armpits of the front body are the parts that come into contact with the ball as an object when holding the ball during a rugby game. Therefore, a rugby player wearing the rugby wear 30 provided with the anti-slip member 10 at these portions can obtain an effect that it is difficult for the sweat-wet ball to slip off.
- the shoulder part is a part that comes into contact with the shoulders of the opponent player when forming a scrum during a rugby game. Therefore, a rugby player wearing a rugby wear 30 provided with an anti-slip member 10 at this portion can obtain an effect that it becomes difficult to slip when assembling a scrum.
- FIG. 7 shows a sports glove 40 as an embodiment of the wearing product of the present invention.
- the anti-slip member 10 may be provided between the joints in each phalange of the wearer and near the tip of the metacarpal bone. A player wearing a sports glove 40 provided with an anti-slip member 10 at these portions can obtain an effect that it is difficult to slip off an object wet with water or sweat that he / she is holding.
- the anti-slip member 10 may be provided on the grip portion of the sporting goods such as a bat, a racket or a golf club.
- the grip portion is less likely to slip due to water or sweat, it is easy for the user to stably hold the sports equipment.
- the anti-slip member for the mounting article or sports equipment of the present embodiment is composed of an elastomer composition containing an elastomer and a plurality of water-soluble particles dispersed in the elastomer, and thus is made of water. High grip can be exhibited even on a wet object, and therefore wet grip is improved.
- the average particle size of the plurality of water-soluble particles is 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less. In that case, the wet grip property of the anti-slip member can be enhanced more effectively.
- the anti-slip member comprises a surface layer region having at least one of the water-soluble particles exposed on the surface and recesses that are traces of disappearance of the water-soluble particles, and an internal region provided inside the surface layer region.
- the proportion of water-soluble particles contained in the internal region is 1% by volume or more and 5% by volume or less. In that case, the wet grip property of the anti-slip member can be enhanced more effectively. More preferably, the proportion of the water-soluble particles contained in the internal region is 2% by volume or more and 4% by volume or less.
- the plurality of water-soluble particles contain an inorganic salt.
- the inorganic salt is sodium chloride.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the elastomer is 10 MPa or less. In that case, the wet grip property of the anti-slip member can be improved more efficiently.
- the wearing product or sports equipment of the present embodiment includes the anti-slip member, it is possible to provide the wearing product or sports equipment having improved wet grip.
- the anti-slip member is usually provided at a position where the sole of the shoe comes into contact with the ground. In that case, it is preferable that the anti-slip member is provided at a position corresponding to at least one of the wearer's heel, metatarsophalangeal joint or toe on the sole.
- the anti-slip member, the attached product and the sports equipment for the attached product or the sports equipment according to the present invention are not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment. Further, the anti-slip member, the attached product and the sports equipment for the attached product or the sports equipment according to the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned action and effect. Various changes can be made to the anti-slip member, the attached product and the sporting goods for the wearing article or the sporting goods according to the present invention without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- the rubbers used in the rubber friction test are all hemispherical silicone rubbers with a radius of curvature of 7.6 mm, one is rubber SP1 having a smooth surface with no recesses at the vertices, and the other.
- the true contact portion between the rubber SP1 and SP2 and the flat glass GL was continuously observed using the apparatus shown in FIG. After sliding, the true contact area was imaged.
- This device includes a light source LS for illuminating the true contact portion and a CCD element CD for imaging the true contact portion, and the true contact portion combines a total reflection method and an optical interferometry method. It was observed and imaged by this.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show photographs of the true contact portion taken under the non-lubricated condition and the water-lubricated condition, respectively.
- the black region is the true contact portion
- the white region is the portion where the flat glass GL is not in contact with the rubbers SP1 and SP2.
- the gray region is the portion where the flat glass GL is in contact with water (wet)
- the white region is the white region where the flat glass GL is in contact with both the rubbers SP1 and SP2. It is the part that is not (there is air).
- the presence of air remains only in the portion where the recess is formed in the true contact portion between the rubber SP2 and the flat glass GL before sliding the flat glass GL under the water lubrication condition.
- FIG. 12 shows the measured coefficient of static friction.
- the true contact area between the rubber SP2 and the flat glass GL after sliding the flat glass GL by 5.0 mm is increased by about 38% as compared with the rubber SP1, and the friction coefficient is increased. It can also be seen that there is an increase of about 27%.
- the friction coefficient is improved in the water-lubricated condition as compared with the non-lubricated condition. From this result, it can be seen that in the rubber having the concave portion formed on the surface, the wet grip property under the water lubrication condition is greatly improved so as to be able to exceed the non-lubrication condition.
- ⁇ IR Isoprene rubber (Hisys type, Mooney viscosity: approx. 82)
- SiO 2 Precipitated silica
- ⁇ CA Silane coupling agent (bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide)
- PEG Polyethylene glycol (mass average molecular weight about 3000, melting point about 60 ° C)
- -PO Liquid paraffin (kinematic viscosity: about 40 mm 2 / s, molecular weight 430)
- -St stearic acid-ZnO: active zinc oxide-AO: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol-OZONOC: non-colored, non-staining ozone crack inhibitor-OA: organic amine vulcanization accelerator
- SiO 2 , PO, CA, St and ZnO which are materials for secondary kneading
- SiO 2 , PO, CA, St and ZnO which are materials for secondary kneading
- the kneader mass ratio
- the secondary kneaded material obtained by this was subjected to tertiary kneading.
- OA, PEG and AO which are materials for use, are blended according to the blending ratio (mass ratio) shown in Table 1 below, and open roll (device name: KD-M2-8, Toki Machinery Industry Co., Ltd.) KNEADERMACHINERY CO., manufactured by LTD.) Was kneaded for 10 minutes under the condition of 25 to 60 ° C. to obtain rubbers (a) to (e).
- sodium chloride (NaCl) particles having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m and 300 ⁇ m were prepared.
- Friction test The elastomer compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Examples 1 to 13 were introduced into a flat plate-shaped mold, and the apparatus name: ram diameter 12 "150 tons (manufactured by Nimei Koki Co., Ltd.) was used. By pressing under 160 ° C. conditions for 8 to 12 minutes (appropriate vulcanization time T90 + 2 minutes determined in advance), test pieces molded into a flat plate having a thickness of 2 mm were obtained, and the obtained test pieces were ion-exchanged. The sodium chloride particles exposed on the surface of the test pieces of Examples 1 to 13 were removed by ultrasonic washing with water three times. FIG.
- FIG. 13 shows a photograph of a part of the surface of the test piece of Example 5 from which the sodium chloride particles exposed on the surface were removed. In FIG. 13, it can be confirmed that a recess having a diameter of about 100 ⁇ m is formed on the surface of the test piece due to the elution of the exposed sodium chloride particles on the surface of the test piece.
- the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient under the water lubrication condition were measured by wetting these test pieces with water and sliding an alumina ball on the test pieces. Specifically, under the conditions of an ambient temperature of 24 ° C. and a relative humidity of 75% RH, the surface of the test piece molded into a flat surface is wetted with water, and the surface of the test piece wet with water has a diameter of 9.5 mm. The alumina spheres were arranged so that the surface of the test piece was in contact with the alumina spheres.
- FIG. 14 shows the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient and the sodium chloride particle content in the friction test for the elastomer compositions of Comparative Example 3 and Examples 1 to 5 containing the rubber (c). It is a figure which shows the relationship.
- the content of the sodium chloride particles reaches 3% by volume, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient under the water lubrication condition increase as the content of the sodium chloride particles increases.
- the content of sodium chloride particles exceeds 3% by volume, the content of sodium chloride particles decreases. That is, in this example, in the case of Example 3 in which the content of the sodium chloride particles is 3% by volume, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient of the elastomer composition under the water lubrication conditions are the highest.
- FIGS. 15 to 17 are diagrams showing the relationship between the tensile strength, the tear strength, the wear volume in the wear test, and the amount of sodium chloride particles added to the elastomer compositions of Comparative Examples 3 and 1 to 5, respectively.
- FIGS. 15 and 16 As the sodium chloride particle content increases, the tensile strength and tear strength of the elastomer composition generally decrease. Further, as can be seen from FIG. 17, as the sodium chloride particle content increases, the wear volume increases, and therefore the wear resistance of the elastomer composition decreases.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationship between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient and the sodium chloride particle size in the friction test for the elastomer compositions of Examples 3 and 6-9. As can be seen from FIG. 18, when the sodium chloride particle diameter is 10 to 45 ⁇ m, the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient under the water lubrication condition are relatively high.
- FIGS. 19 to 21 are diagrams showing the relationship between the tensile strength, the tear strength, the wear volume in the wear test, and the sodium chloride particle diameter, respectively, for the elastomer compositions of Examples 3 and 6-9.
- the sodium chloride particle size increases, the tensile strength and tear strength of the elastomer composition generally decrease.
- FIG. 21 as the content of the sodium chloride particles increases, the wear volume decreases, and therefore the wear resistance of the elastomer composition increases.
- FIGS. 22 and 23 show the static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient in the friction test for the elastomer compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Examples 3 and 10 to 13. It is a figure which shows the relationship with the hardness and elastic modulus of an elastomer composition, respectively.
- the lower the hardness or elastic modulus of the rubber the more remarkable the increase in the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient under the water lubrication condition due to the inclusion of sodium chloride particles, and in particular, the hardness is 65 or less.
- the elastic modulus is 10 MPa or less, the effect of improving the wet grip property by the sodium chloride particles is large.
- the elastomer compositions of Examples 1 to 13 in which sodium chloride particles as water-soluble particles are dispersed in the rubber which is an elastomer are the elastomer compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 which do not contain sodium chloride particles.
- the coefficient of friction in a wet state that is, the wet grip property is significantly enhanced.
- the elastomer compositions of Examples 3, 7, 8, 10 and 11 in which 3% by volume of sodium chloride particles having an average particle diameter of 10 to 45 ⁇ m are contained in a rubber having a low hardness and a low elastic modulus are made of sodium chloride particles. It can be seen that the wet grip property is more effectively enhanced while the deterioration of the mechanical properties is relatively suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1には、ゴム及び/又は樹脂の靴底用発泡体に、皮革の研磨切削物が配合された靴底用発泡体が開示されている。この靴底用発泡体では、配合された吸水性の高い皮革の研磨切削物によって靴底用発泡体の水の濡れ性を向上させ、それによりウェットグリップ性が高められている。
特許文献2には、ゴムを含む粘弾性体から形成されたアウトソールが開示されている。このアウトソールでは、該粘弾性体の動的粘弾性測定における損失係数及び貯蔵弾性率、並びに引張応力を調整して、該粘弾性体を高粘性化することにより、ウェットグリップ性が高められている。
特許文献3には、熱可塑性エラストマーを含む組成物から形成されたアウターソールが開示されている。このアウターソールは、該組成物の表面自由エネルギーを高くすることにより、組成物の表面と路面との間に液膜が形成されることが抑制されており、それによって、ウェットグリップ性が高められている。
特許文献4には、エラストマーの表面にハイドロゲルが分散されたエラストマー組成物により構成された防滑部材が開示されている。この防滑部材は、防滑部材の表面と対象物との界面に存在する水をハイドロゲルによりトラップすることによって、該表面のエラストマーと対象物との間の接触面積を大きくしており、それによってウェットグリップ性が高められている。
まず、本発明の装着品又はスポーツ用品用の防滑部材について、図1~3を参照して説明する。
図1は、本実施形態の装着品又はスポーツ用品用の防滑部材10の側面断面図である。本実施形態の防滑部材10は、エラストマー11と、エラストマー11内に分散された水溶性粒子12とを含むエラストマー組成物により構成されており、水溶性粒子12が、防滑部材10内に分散されている。
本明細書において、装着品とは、使用時において使用者(着用者)に着用又は装着される物品をいい、例えば、運動用、作業用、防寒用又は日用の靴、ウェア、手袋、眼鏡等を含む。また、本明細書において、スポーツ用品とは、使用者が運動を行う際に(特に、使用者に把持されて)使用される用品であって、前述の装着品に含まれないものをいい、例えば、バット、ラケット、ゴルフクラブ等(本発明の防滑部材は、主にこれらのグリップ部に設けられる)や、それらに供されるグリップ、グリップテープ等を含む。なお、本明細書で使用される用語「運動」は、広く人間が体を動かして行う身体活動全般をいい、スポーツ、アスレチック、エクササイズ、レクリエーション等のために行う身体活動を含む。
なお、以下では、防滑部材10の表面に露出した水溶性粒子12を含む領域であって、防滑部材10の表面からそのような水溶性粒子12が存在する最も深い位置までの厚み方向の領域のことを、防滑部材10の表層領域と称することがある。
以下、図1~3に示される防滑部材10の例では、図1~3の下方に示される防滑部材10の面を、防滑部材10の表面と定義して説明する。
図2は、図1に示す防滑部材10の表面に露出していた水溶性粒子12が消失した後の、防滑部材10の側面断面図である。図2に示されるように、防滑部材10の表面の水溶性粒子12が存在していた部分に、凹部Cが形成されている。このようにして防滑部材10の表面に形成された凹部Cは、その内部に微量の空気Aを保持することができる。本実施形態の防滑部材は、この凹部Cの内部に空気Aを保持可能な機能によって、ウェットグリップ性が高められる。そのメカニズムについては、後述する。
なお、本明細書において、用語「水」は、別段の記載がない限り、防滑部材が備えられる装着品又はスポーツ用品と対象物との間に滑りを生じさせる原因となり得る任意の水性の液体(例えば、雨水や汗等)を含む。
なお、防滑部材10の表面に露出していた水溶性粒子12の全てが消失しておらず、防滑部材10の表面に水溶性粒子12と凹部Cとが両方見られる場合には、防滑部材10の表層領域は、防滑部材10の表面からそのような表面に露出した水溶性粒子12又は凹部Cのいずれかが存在する最も深い位置までの厚み方向の領域として定義され得る。
したがって、本実施形態の防滑部材10は、水Wに濡れた地面Gに対しても高いグリップ性を発揮することができ、したがって、ウェットグリップ性が向上する。
なお、上記水溶性物質は、防滑部材の使用時に水又は水性液体に溶解して溶出するため、溶出した際に人体や衣類、又はその他の外界に対して害の少ない、望ましくは無害な物質であることが好ましい。
防滑部材10内に含まれる水溶性粒子12の平均粒子径を上記範囲とすることにより、防滑部材10のウェットグリップ性をより効果的に高めることができる。
より適切には、上記割合の水溶性粒子12は、防滑部材10の表層領域を除く内部領域に含まれていることが好ましい。換言すれば、防滑部材10は、水溶性粒子12の消失痕である凹部を備えた表層領域と、該表層領域の内側に設けられた内部領域とを備えており、該内部領域に含まれる水溶性粒子12の割合が1体積%以上5体積%以下であることが好ましく、2体積%以上4体積%以下であることがより好ましい。
防滑部材10に含まれる水溶性粒子12の割合を上記範囲とすることにより、防滑部材10のウェットグリップ性をより効果的に高めることができる。
さらに、防滑部材10内の水溶性粒子12の含有量が過剰である場合、防滑部材10内において水溶性粒子12同士が接触する部分が多くなる。この水溶性粒子12同士の接触が多すぎると、防滑部材10の表面に露出した水溶性粒子12が水に濡れて溶解する際に、この濡れた粒子12に直接又は他の水溶性粒子12を介して接触している防滑部材10内部の他の水溶性粒子12もまた連鎖的に溶解してしまう可能性がある。そうすると、一度濡れた防滑部材10の内部において、水溶性粒子12が存在していた領域にスポンジ状の空洞が生じてしまい、防滑部材10の機械的強度が大幅に低下するおそれがある。
また、防滑部材10の表層領域を除く内部領域における水溶性粒子12の含有量を測定するには、防滑部材10の表面を水溶性粒子12の消失痕である凹部が確認されなくなるまで(例えば、表面から100μmの深さまで)均一な厚みで削り取ることによって表層領域を取り除いた後で、該防滑部材10に対して水溶性粒子12の含有量を測定すればよい。
もっとも、防滑部材10では、必ずしも水溶性粒子12又は凹部Cが防滑部材10の表面全体にわたって分散されていなくてもよい。水溶性粒子12又は凹部Cが防滑部材10の表面の特定の領域に偏在して分散していたとしても、防滑部材10のウェットグリップ性は、高められる。
なお、防滑部材10内に水溶性粒子12が含まれることによるウェットグリップ性の向上は、エラストマー11の硬度が低いほど顕著になる傾向がある。このような観点から、エラストマー11の硬度は、タイプAデュロメータの硬さを65以下とすることがより好ましい。
エラストマー11の初期弾性率は、JIS K6251:2017「加硫ゴム及び熱可塑性ゴム-引張特性の求め方」の引張試験での低歪み領域での応力-歪み曲線の傾き(例えば、ε1=0%、及び、ε2=5%の歪み2点間に対応する応力/歪み曲線の傾き)から求めることができる。
防滑部材10の引張破断伸びは、400%以上であることがより好ましく、500%以上であることがさらに好ましい。該引張破断伸びは、通常、1000%以下である。
防滑部材10の引裂強度は、50N/mm以上であることがより好ましく、60N/mm以上であることがさらに好ましい。該引裂強度は、通常、120N/mm以下である。
防滑部材10の初期弾性率もまた、エラストマー11と同様に、JIS K6251:2017の引張試験での低歪み領域での応力-歪み曲線の傾き(例えば、ε1=0%、及び、ε2=5%の歪み2点間に対応する応力/歪み曲線の傾き)から求めることができる。
本発明の装着品又はスポーツ用品は、上記防滑部材10を備えている。本発明の装着品又はスポーツ用品としては、使用時において使用者(着用者)に着用若しくは装着される用品、又は、使用者が運動を行う際に使用される用品であれば特に限定されず、例えば、靴、ウェア、手袋、眼鏡、バット、ラケット、ゴルフクラブ等であってもよい。
該靴20は、足の上面を覆うアッパー材21と、アッパー材21の下側に配置されている靴底としてのミッドソール22及びアウターソール23とを有している。詳細には、該靴20は、地面と接する位置に配され、上記防滑部材10が設けられたアウターソール23と、アッパー材21とアウターソール23との間に配されたミッドソール22とを有している。
なお、本実施形態では、靴20はミッドソール22及びアウターソール23の両方を備えているが、靴20は、必ずしもこれらの両方を備えていなくてもよい。すなわち、靴20は、靴底として防滑部材10が設けられたアウターソール23のみを備え、ミッドソール22を備えていなくてもよい。この場合、アウターソール23は、ミッドソールに求められる緩衝性を確保するために、発泡体で形成されていてもよい。
靴底23では、図5に示されるように、靴底23の長さ方向における位置を、爪先側末端を0%位置、踵側末端を100%位置としたとき、靴底23の該長さ方向における0%~60%位置の範囲内の領域(以下、靴底23の前方領域とも称する)と、靴底23の該長さ方向における70%~100%位置の範囲内の領域(以下、靴底23の後方領域とも称する)とに、防滑部材10が設けられ得る。
好ましくは、防滑部材10は、靴底23の前方領域全体の5~100%を占める領域、靴底23の後方領域全体の5~100%を占める領域、又はその両方に設けられる。
なお、本明細書において、靴底23の長さ方向における0%~60%位置の範囲内の領域とは、爪先側末端及び踵側末端を通る長さ方向直線上において60%位置となる点を通り、該直線と垂直に交差する60%位置幅方向直線を規定し、該60%位置幅方向直線よりも爪先側における靴底23の領域をいう。同様に、靴底23の長さ方向における70%~100%位置の範囲内の領域とは、同様に規定される該70%位置幅方向直線よりも踵側における靴底23の領域をいう。また、これらの領域は、靴底23の底面を、図5のようにして正面から見た際の面積により指定される。
前身頃の胸部付近及び脇部は、ラグビーの試合時にボールを抱え込む際に対象物としてのボールに接触する部位である。そのため、これらの部位に防滑部材10が設けられたラグビーウェア30を着用したラグビープレイヤーは、汗で濡れたボールを滑り落としにくくなるという効果を得られる。
また、肩部は、ラグビーの試合時にスクラムを組む際に、対戦プレイヤーの肩と互いに接触する部位である。そのため、この部位に防滑部材10が設けられたラグビーウェア30を着用したラグビープレイヤーは、スクラムを組む際に滑りにくくなるという効果を得られる。
これらの部位に防滑部材10が設けられたスポーツ用手袋40を着用したプレイヤーは、把持している水や汗に濡れた対象物を滑り落としにくくなるという効果を得られる。
より好ましくは、該内部領域に含まれる前記水溶性粒子の割合は、2体積%以上4体積%以下である。
より好ましくは、無機塩は、塩化ナトリウムである。
まず、防滑部材の表面に形成された凹部によるウェットグリップ性への影響を調査するため、表面に凹部が形成されたゴムと、凹部が形成されていないゴムとについて、水で濡れていない及び水で濡れた平板状ガラスとの摩擦試験を行った。
摩擦試験に使用されたゴムは、いずれも曲率半径7.6mmの半球状のシリコーンゴムであって、一方は、頂点に凹部等が設けられていない平滑な面を有するゴムSP1であり、他方は、ガラスと接触する頂点に約100μm3の凹部が形成されたゴムSP2であった。これらのゴムには、摩擦試験時に平板状との接触状態の観察を容易にするため、蛍光粒子が練り込まれていた。
図8左に示されるように、各ゴムSP1,SP2を、それらの頂点が平板上ガラスGLの表面に接触するように、乾いた(無潤滑条件)又は水で濡れた(水潤滑条件)平板状ガラスGL上に配置した。その後、図8右に示されるように、ゴムSP1,SP2の頂点の垂直荷重F=0.0981N、滑り速度0.10mm/sで、ゴムSP1,SP2上において平板状ガラスGLを、その表面と平行な方向に5.0mm滑らせた。
なお、図示されないが、水潤滑条件において平板状ガラスGLを滑らせる前のゴムSP2と平板状ガラスGLとの真実接触部には、空気の存在は凹部が形成された部分にのみ留まっており、平板状ガラスGLを滑らせると、該真実接触部の広範囲に気泡が拡散していく現象が観察されていた。
これらの図9及び図10の写真から導出された黒い領域(真実接触部)の面積(真実接触面積)を導出し、図11に該面積のグラフを示す。
一方で、水潤滑条件では、平板上ガラスGLを5.0mm滑らせた後のゴムSP2と平板状ガラスGLとの真実接触面積は、ゴムSP1に比べて約38%増加しており、摩擦係数もまた約27%増加していることがわかる。加えて、表面に凹部が形成されたゴムSP2の場合には、水潤滑条件の方が無潤滑条件に比べて摩擦係数が向上していることがわかる。この結果から、表面に凹部が形成されたゴムでは、水潤滑条件におけるウェットグリップ性が、無潤滑条件を上回ることができるほど大きく向上することがわかる。
次に、本発明に係る防滑部材を構成する様々なエラストマー組成物についてのウェットグリップ性や耐久性等を調査するため、以下の実施例及び比較例に係る種々のエラストマー組成物について、以下に示す各種試験を行った。
・IR:イソプレンゴム(ハイシスタイプ、ムーニー粘度:約82)
・SiO2:沈降法シリカ
・CA:シランカップリング剤(ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド)
・PEG:ポリエチレングリコール(質量平均分子量約3000、融点約60℃)
・PO:流動パラフィン(動粘度:約40mm2/s、分子量430)
・St:ステアリン酸
・ZnO:活性亜鉛華
・AO:2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール
・OZONOC:無着色、非汚染性オゾン亀裂防止剤
・OA:有機アミン加硫促進剤
具体的には、以下の表1に示されるゴム原料の一次混練用材料である各種IRを、ニーダー(装置名:DS3-10MWB、日本スピンドル製造(株)製)を用いて80~130℃条件下で1分混練し、一次混練材を得た。
このようにして得られた一次混練材に、二次混練用材料であるSiO2、PO、CA、St及びZnOを、以下の表1に示される配合比率(質量比)により配合し、ニーダー(装置名:DS3-10MWB、日本スピンドル製造(株)製)を用いて80~130℃条件下で5分混練し、二次混練材を得た
これにより得られた二次混練材に、三次混練用材料であるOA、PEG及びAOを、以下の表1に示される配合比率(質量比)により配合して、オープンロール(装置名:KD-M2-8、利拿機械工業股フン有限公司(KNEADERMACHINERY CO., LTD.製)を用いて25~60℃条件下で10分混練し、ゴム(a)~(e)を得た。
・TiO2:酸化チタン
・S:イオウ
・DM:ジ-2-ベンゾチアゾリルジスルフィド
・TS:テトラメチルチウラムモノスルフィド
上記のようにして調製されたゴムと、塩化ナトリウム粒子及び上記他の材料とを、以下の表2に示される配合比率(質量比)により配合し、オープンロール(装置名:KD-M2-8、利拿機械工業股フン有限公司(KNEADERMACHINERY CO., LTD.製)を用いて25~60℃条件下で10分混練し、エラストマー組成物を得た。
比較例1~5及び実施例1~13のエラストマー組成物の硬度を、JIS K 6253-3:2012に基づくタイプAデュロメータとして高分子計器(株)製「アスカーゴム硬度計A型」を用いて測定した。結果を以下の表3に示す。
表3からわかるように、比較例1~5のゴム(a),(b),(c),(d)及び(e)は、それぞれ硬度55,60,65,70及び75のゴムに対応する。
比較例1~5及び実施例1~13のエラストマー組成物をそれぞれ裁断して厚み4mmの平板とした後、JIS K 6251:2017に基づくダンベル状2号形の打抜型を用いて該平板をそれぞれ裁断し、それぞれの樹脂複合体についてダンベル状試験片を得た。
これらの試験片に対し、オートグラフ精密万能試験機((株)島津製作所製、製品名「AG-50kNIS MS型」)を用いて、23℃下で、クロスヘッド速度500mm/分にてJIS K 6251:2017に基づく引張試験を行うことにより、各試験片の引張強度及び破断伸び率を測定した。また、該引張試験におけるε1=0%及びε2=5%の歪み2点間に対応する応力/歪み曲線の傾きに基づき、各試験片の初期弾性率を測定した。これらの結果を以下の表3に示す。
比較例1~5及び実施例1~13のエラストマー組成物を厚さ2mmの平板用モールドを用いて8~12分間160℃加熱することで2mm厚の平板状の試験片をそれぞれ得た。
これらの試験片に対し、抜型を用いて、規格形状の試験片にてJIS K 6252:2007に基づく引裂試験を行うことにより、各試験片の引裂試験を測定した。結果を以下の表3に示す。
直径16.0mm、厚さ12mmの円柱状金型を用いて、比較例1~5及び実施例1~13のエラストマー組成物からなる円柱状の試験片をそれぞれ得た。
これらの試験片に対し、JIS K 6264-2:2005に基づくDIN摩耗試験を行うことにより、各試験片の摩耗体積を測定した。結果を以下の表3に示す。
比較例1~5及び実施例1~13のエラストマー組成物を、平板状の金型内に導入し、装置名:ラム径12”150トン(二名工機(株)製)を用いて160℃条件下で8~12分間(予め求められた適正加硫時間T90+2分間)プレスすることによって、2mm厚の平板状に成型された試験片をそれぞれ得た。得られた試験片をイオン交換水で3回超音波洗浄し、それによって実施例1~13の試験片の表面に露出していた塩化ナトリウム粒子を除去した。
図13に、表面に露出していた塩化ナトリウム粒子が除去された実施例5の試験片の表面の一部の写真を示す。図13では、試験片の表面に露出していた塩化ナトリウム粒子が溶出したことによって、該表面に直径約100μmの凹部が形成されていることが確認できる。
上記摩擦試験に対する評価を、表3に示される結果及び当該結果に基づく図14~23を用いて以下に説明する。
表3に示される結果から明らかなように、水溶性粒子として塩化ナトリウム粒子を含む実施例1~13のエラストマー組成物は、塩化ナトリウム粒子を含んでいない比較例1~5のゴム単体に比べて、水潤滑条件における静止摩擦係数及び動摩擦係数に優れていることがわかる。
図14は、ゴム(c)を含む比較例3及び実施例1~5のエラストマー組成物に関する、上記摩擦試験における静止摩擦係数及び動摩擦係数と塩化ナトリウム粒子含有量との関係を表す図である。図14からわかるように、塩化ナトリウム粒子の含有量が3体積%に至るまででは、塩化ナトリウム粒子の含有量が増加するにつれ、水潤滑条件における静止摩擦係数及び動摩擦係数が増加している一方で、塩化ナトリウム粒子の含有量が3体積%を超えると、塩化ナトリウム粒子の含有量が減少している。すなわち、本実施例では、塩化ナトリウム粒子の含有量が3体積%である実施例3の場合に、エラストマー組成物の水潤滑条件における静止摩擦係数及び動摩擦係数が最も高められている。
図18は、実施例3及び6~9のエラストマー組成物に関する、上記摩擦試験における静止摩擦係数及び動摩擦係数と塩化ナトリウム粒子径との関係を表す図である。図18からわかるように、塩化ナトリウム粒子径が10~45μmである場合に、水潤滑条件における静止摩擦係数及び動摩擦係数が比較的高くなっている。
図22及び23は、比較例1~5並びに実施例3及び10~13のエラストマー組成物に関する、上記摩擦試験における静止摩擦係数及び動摩擦係数とエラストマー組成物の硬度及び弾性率との関係をそれぞれ表す図である。
図22及び図23からわかるように、ゴムの硬度又は弾性率が低いほど、塩化ナトリウム粒子を含むことによる水潤滑条件における静止摩擦係数及び動摩擦係数の増加が顕著であり、特に、硬度が65以下又は弾性率が10MPa以下の場合に、塩化ナトリウム粒子によるウェットグリップ性向上効果が大きくなっている。
特に、低硬度、低弾性率のゴムに、平均粒子径10~45μmの塩化ナトリウム粒子を3体積%含有させた実施例3,7,8,10及び11のエラストマー組成物は、塩化ナトリウム粒子による機械的特性の低下が比較的抑制されつつ、ウェットグリップ性がより効果的に高められることがわかる。
Claims (11)
- 装着品又はスポーツ用品用の防滑部材であって、
前記防滑部材が、エラストマーと、前記エラストマー内に分散された複数の水溶性粒子とを含むエラストマー組成物により構成されている、防滑部材。 - 前記複数の水溶性粒子の平均粒径が、10μm以上100μm以下である、請求項1に記載の防滑部材。
- 前記防滑部材が、表面に露出した前記水溶性粒子と前記水溶性粒子の消失痕である凹部とのうち少なくとも一方を備えた表層領域と、前記表層領域の内側に設けられた内部領域を備えており、該内部領域に含まれる前記水溶性粒子の割合が、1体積%以上5体積%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の防滑部材。
- 前記内部領域に含まれる前記水溶性粒子の割合が、2体積%以上4体積%以下である、請求項3に記載の防滑部材。
- 前記複数の水溶性粒子が、無機塩を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の防滑部材。
- 前記無機塩が、塩化ナトリウムである、請求項5に記載の防滑部材。
- 前記エラストマーの引張弾性率が、10MPa以下である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の防滑部材。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の防滑部材を備えた装着品。
- 前記装着品が靴であり、
前記防滑部材が、前記靴の靴底の地面に接触する位置に設けられている、請求項8に記載の装着品。 - 前記防滑部材が、前記靴底において着用者のかかと、中足指節関節又はつま先のうち少なくとも1箇所に対応する位置に設けられている、請求項9に記載の装着品。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の防滑部材を備えたスポーツ用品。
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