WO2022073459A1 - 吸入制剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
吸入制剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022073459A1 WO2022073459A1 PCT/CN2021/122210 CN2021122210W WO2022073459A1 WO 2022073459 A1 WO2022073459 A1 WO 2022073459A1 CN 2021122210 W CN2021122210 W CN 2021122210W WO 2022073459 A1 WO2022073459 A1 WO 2022073459A1
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- Prior art keywords
- potassium
- inhalation
- preparation
- mmol
- inhalation preparation
- Prior art date
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 222
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 111
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 229960002816 potassium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M potassium bitartrate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000016337 monopotassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940086065 potassium hydrogentartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001472 potassium tartrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940111695 potassium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011005 potassium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- UZLGHNUASUZUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC(=O)CC(O)(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UZLGHNUASUZUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 potassium amino acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N taurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000523 polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013809 polyvinylpolypyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004109 potassium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940069328 povidone Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001624 sedative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000913 crospovidone Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019249 food preservative Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005452 food preservative Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- RQALKBLYTUKBFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxa-7-thiaspiro[4.4]nonane Chemical compound O1CCOC11CSCC1 RQALKBLYTUKBFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BDKLKNJTMLIAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1,3-oxazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2OC=C(C=O)N=2)=C1 BDKLKNJTMLIAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N N-methylglucamine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HLCFGWHYROZGBI-JJKGCWMISA-M Potassium gluconate Chemical compound [K+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HLCFGWHYROZGBI-JJKGCWMISA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000999 acridine dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940040526 anhydrous sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004365 benzoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YKZPPPNXRZHVGX-PXYKVGKMSA-L dipotassium;(2s)-2-aminobutanedioate;hydron;hydrate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].O.[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CC([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CC([O-])=O YKZPPPNXRZHVGX-PXYKVGKMSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003194 meglumine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010408 potassium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000737 potassium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MZYRDLHIWXQJCQ-YZOKENDUSA-L potassium alginate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O MZYRDLHIWXQJCQ-YZOKENDUSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940068988 potassium aspartate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940093956 potassium carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004224 potassium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003189 potassium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013926 potassium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940093932 potassium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940093916 potassium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940087562 sodium acetate trihydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003885 sodium benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005137 succinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- JZUFKLXOESDKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorothiazide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC2=C1NCNS2(=O)=O JZUFKLXOESDKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YGULWPYYGQCFMP-CEAXSRTFSA-N Metoprolol tartrate Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.COCCC1=CC=C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)C=C1.COCCC1=CC=C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)C=C1 YGULWPYYGQCFMP-CEAXSRTFSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/14—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/194—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having two or more carboxyl groups, e.g. succinic, maleic or phthalic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
- A61K9/0075—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a dry powder inhaler [DPI], e.g. comprising micronized drug mixed with lactose carrier particles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
- A61K9/0078—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a nebulizer such as a jet nebulizer, ultrasonic nebulizer, e.g. in the form of aqueous drug solutions or dispersions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/02—Nutrients, e.g. vitamins, minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inhalation preparation and its preparation method and application.
- the content of potassium in the human body (the atomic number of potassium is 19, the relative atomic weight is 39.1) is second only to calcium and phosphorus, and it is twice as high as that of sodium (relative atomic weight 23). i.e. 3.6 to 3.8 mol).
- About 98% of the potassium ions in the human body exist in the intracellular fluid, which is the main cation in the intracellular fluid.
- the sodium ion mainly exists outside the cell, and its concentration outside the cell is about 10 times higher than that in the cell. Plasma sodium concentration is much higher than potassium concentration (serum potassium concentration ranges from 3.5 to 5 mmol/L, while serum sodium is 140 mmol/L), but muscle tissue and milk potassium concentration is several times higher than sodium.
- the high concentration of sodium ions outside the cell is also a way of storing energy. It is the same as the hydrogen ions outside the cell membrane, like the water stored in a reservoir, and the high water level has potential energy.
- sodium ions also regulate blood volume and blood pressure, so it is needed by the human body, which is why people need to add sodium chloride to their daily diet. But the most important role of extracellular sodium ions in animals is to generate nerve impulses.
- Potassium plays an important role in maintaining the normal function of the heart and plays an important role in the metabolism of cells; potassium contributes to the normal operation of nerve conduction function, and it works together with sodium to regulate the pH of fluids in the body; potassium deficiency or excess potassium in the human body can Affect health.
- potassium ions are supplemented by oral or intravenous administration, and potassium ions enter the circulatory system to increase the concentration of potassium ions in body fluids as one of the means to lower blood pressure.
- the basis of this therapy is that potassium ions enter the circulatory system to increase the potassium ion concentration of body fluids.
- potassium supplementation is a treatment method of total control, divided supply, and observation while treatment.
- potassium supplements orally with a single dose of 3-7.5g, generally no more than 15g per day (calculated by potassium chloride, molecular weight 74.55, about 200mmoml).
- concentration of the oral solution is 1.268% (weight percent as potassium chloride), but the total amount of potassium chloride required is the same for oral solids and liquids.
- the potassium content in each liter of infusion should not exceed 40 mmol (equivalent to 3 g of potassium chloride). -1.5g/h) or less.
- the total amount of intravenous potassium supplementation should not be too much, and potassium supplementation should be based on the level of serum potassium, a single potassium supplementation of 4.5 to 6g, generally not more than 15g per day (calculated as potassium chloride).
- both oral and intravenous potassium supplements have safety and efficacy concerns.
- intravenous infusion of potassium supplementation it is usually due to the high concentration of the drug solution, the fast infusion speed, and the thinness of the human vein, which will stimulate the intima of the vein and cause pain.
- potassium supplementation is administered intravenously, due to the rapid infusion rate and the damage to the patient's renal function, special attention should be paid to whether the patient has hyperkalemia. Once this symptom occurs, it should be dealt with in time.
- Oral potassium chloride can irritate the stomach. It causes stomach pain, so it is generally necessary to take it after meals. Potassium that is absorbed orally or entered into the body intravenously is also excreted through the kidneys to maintain relative balance in the body.
- saline or seawater is used to cleanse nasal or respiratory mucosa. But whether it is normal saline or water from natural sources, the concentration of sodium salts is much higher than that of potassium salts. Almost all liquid water on Earth contains significantly more sodium than potassium. Whether it is river, lake or sea water, sodium is much more than potassium. For example, the concentration of sodium in seawater is 47 times that of potassium (sodium 470mmol/L (mM), potassium 10mM), and the salt content of river water varies with rivers, but generally the concentration of sodium is 10 times that of potassium (sodium is about 0.4mM, Potassium approximately 0.04 mM).
- the present invention provides an inhalation preparation and its preparation method and application.
- the inhalation preparation can be administered through the oral cavity or the respiratory tract, and can effectively supplement potassium in the oral cavity or respiratory tract mucosa at a low dose, and at the same time can change the local sodium-potassium balance of the oral cavity or respiratory tract mucosa, bringing about beneficial physiological effects.
- the present invention provides an inhalation formulation comprising two forms:
- a liquid inhalation formulation comprising potassium salt and water, and the molar concentration of potassium is 0.001 to 27,410 mmol/L; or
- a dry powder inhalation preparation which includes a potassium salt and a pharmaceutical carrier, the content of the potassium salt is 0.01% to 100%, and the percentage is the mass percentage of the potassium salt in the dry powder inhalation preparation.
- the potassium salt can be the potassium salt conventionally used in the field, preferably including potassium chloride, potassium acetate, potassium gluconate, potassium aspartate, potassium amino acid compound, potassium carbonate, hydrogen carbonate Potassium, potassium citrate, potassium dihydrogen citrate, potassium hydrogen citrate, potassium tartrate, potassium hydrogen tartrate, potassium hydrogen tartrate, potassium hydroxide, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, One or more of potassium hydrogen sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium alginate and potassium sorbate; more preferably potassium chloride, potassium acetate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, potassium tartrate, potassium hydrogen tartrate, tartrate Potassium Hydrogenate, Potassium Citrate or Potassium Hydrogen Citrate.
- the molar concentration of potassium in the liquid inhalation preparation may be 0.001-10,000 mmol/L, preferably 0.001-4,700 mmol/L, preferably 3-3,500 mmol/L, more preferably 10-2,000 mmol/L mmol/L, more preferably 20-1,500 mmol/L, still more preferably 50-1,000 mmol/L, even more preferably 75-700 mmol/L.
- the molar concentration of potassium in the liquid inhalation formulation is, for example, 25.5 mmol/L, 154 mmol/L, 537 mmol/L or 1,221 mmol/L.
- the molar concentration of potassium in the liquid inhalation preparation is preferably 0.001-2,500 mmol/L, preferably 0.001-1,500 mmol/L, more preferably 3-1,000 mmol/L, still more preferably 20-400 mmol/L, even more preferably 50-200 mmol/L.
- the potassium salt is potassium chloride
- the molar concentration of the potassium chloride can be 0.001 to 4,700 mmol/L, such as 25.5 mmol/L, 154 mmol/L, 537 mmol/L L or 1,221 mmol/L.
- the potassium salt in the liquid inhalation preparation, is potassium acetate, and the molar concentration of the potassium acetate may be 0.001-27,410 mmol/L, for example, 10,000 mmol/L.
- the pH of the liquid inhalation formulation may be 3.0-9.0, preferably 4.0-8.0, more preferably 5.0-7.0, and still more preferably 5.5-6.5.
- the liquid inhalation formulation may further comprise pharmaceutically acceptable additives conventional in the art.
- the additives preferably include one or more of diluents, acidity regulators, isotonicity regulators and preservatives.
- the diluent can be a conventional diluent in the field, preferably selected from ethanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, mannitol, lactose, gelatin, starch, pregelatinized starch, dextrin, cyclodextrin , sucrose, taurine, amino acids, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, povidone, starch syrup, syrup, sodium carboxymethyl starch and One or more of the crospovidones.
- the acidity regulator also known as pH control agent, can be a conventional pharmaceutical additive used in the field to adjust or maintain pH value.
- the acidity regulator can be acid, alkali, neutralizing agent or buffer, preferably selected from meglumine, boric acid, anhydrous sodium acetate, sodium acetate trihydrate, crystalline sodium acetate, tromethamine, acetic acid, Amino acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, ammonium chloride, sodium citrate, dilute ammonia solution, calcium acetate, anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate, anhydrous sodium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium acetate, acetic acid, tartaric acid, methanesulfonic acid and succinic acid one or more of the acids.
- the content of the acidity regulator may be 0.05%-20%, and the percentage is by weight.
- the isotonicity regulator can be a conventional non-sodium salt osmotic pressure regulator in the art, preferably selected from one or more of glucose, sucrose, glycerol and xylitol.
- the content of the isotonicity modifier may be 0.01%-20%, and the percentage is by weight.
- the preservatives can be conventional pharmaceutical preservatives in the field, preferably phenol substitutes (such as biphenol, cresol or xylenol), cationic surfactants, halogens, oxidants (such as hydrogen peroxide) or permanganate), aniline dyes, acridine dyes, heavy metal salts, alcohols or aldehydes.
- the preservative may also be a food preservative, such as benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate or calcium propionate.
- the content of the preservative can be 0.01%-20%, and the percentage is by weight.
- the liquid inhalation preparation is preferably an aqueous potassium chloride solution, an aqueous potassium acetate solution, an aqueous potassium carbonate solution, an aqueous solution of potassium bicarbonate, an aqueous solution of potassium tartrate, an aqueous solution of potassium hydrogen tartrate, an aqueous solution of potassium citrate or an aqueous solution of potassium hydrogen citrate .
- the content of the potassium salt in the dry powder inhalation preparation is preferably 1%-90%, more preferably 1%-50%, more preferably 1%-20%.
- the pharmaceutical carrier of the dry powder inhalation preparation can be selected from mannitol, lactose, gelatin, starch, amino acid, pregelatinized starch, dextrin, cyclodextrin, sucrose, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium sulfate, hydrogen phosphate
- mannitol lactose
- gelatin starch
- amino acid pregelatinized starch
- dextrin dextrin
- cyclodextrin sucrose
- microcrystalline cellulose calcium sulfate
- hydrogen phosphate One or more of calcium, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), povidone (PVP), starch syrup, syrup, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and crospovidone.
- HPMC hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
- PVP povidone
- starch syrup syrup
- sodium carboxymethyl starch sodium carboxymethyl starch
- crospovidone crospovidone
- the dry powder inhaler preferably includes potassium chloride and lactose.
- the content of the potassium chloride is preferably 2% to 10%, more preferably 2% to 6%; for example, 2.2%, 5.7% or 9.3%, and the percentage is that the potassium chloride accounts for The mass percentage of the dry powder inhalation formulation.
- the dry powder inhalation preparation when the content of the potassium salt in the dry powder inhalation preparation is 100%, the dry powder inhalation preparation is pure potassium salt, such as pure potassium chloride.
- the average particle size of the dry powder inhalation preparation may be 0.05-1,000 ⁇ m, preferably 0.1-500 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.2-250 ⁇ m, such as 74 ⁇ m; or 0.2-5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5- 2 ⁇ m, such as 1 ⁇ m or 4 ⁇ m; or 5-10 ⁇ m, such as 7 ⁇ m; or 10-20 ⁇ m, such as 15 ⁇ m.
- Particles with an average particle size of 10-20 ⁇ m can be deposited on the nasal mucosa, particles with an average particle size of 5-10 ⁇ m can enter the upper respiratory tract, and particles with an average particle size of less than 2 ⁇ m can directly enter the lungs through the mucosa.
- the present invention also provides a method for preparing the inhalation formulation, which comprises mixing the components uniformly.
- the preparation method includes mixing the components uniformly to form a solution.
- the preparation method includes mixing the components uniformly to form a solid mixture with a specific particle size or potassium salt particles with a specific particle size.
- a preferred preparation method of the dry powder inhalation preparation includes: first dissolving potassium salt in water, then mixing the obtained potassium salt aqueous solution with a drug carrier, and drying to powder.
- the preparation method of the dry powder inhalation preparation comprises: first dissolving potassium chloride in water, then adding the obtained potassium chloride aqueous solution to lactose by spraying, drying and preparing pink.
- the present invention also provides a method of administration comprising applying the inhalation formulation to the oral cavity or respiratory tract.
- the respiratory tract includes the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and branches of the bronchi at all levels within the lungs.
- the section of the airway from the nose to the throat is called the upper airway.
- This section of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchial branches of the lungs is the lower respiratory tract.
- the application mode of the liquid inhalation formulation may include spraying, dripping or washing; preferably spraying.
- the spraying can be carried out by a conventional spraying device in the art, such as a push-type manual spraying device, an electric spraying device, a pneumatic spraying device, a mechanical spraying device or an ultrasonic atomizer.
- the spray device may be metered or non-metered.
- Nebulizers disperse liquid inhalation formulations into fine mist droplets that are sprayed in an aerosol form to suspend them in a gas.
- the average particle size of the aerosol may be 0.05-1,000 ⁇ m, preferably 0.1-500 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.2-250 ⁇ m, such as 74 ⁇ m; or 0.2-4 ⁇ m, such as 1 ⁇ m; or 5-10 ⁇ m, such as 7 ⁇ m; Or 10 to 20 ⁇ m, such as 15 ⁇ m. Aerosols with an average particle size of 10-20 ⁇ m can be deposited on the nasal mucosa, aerosols with an average particle size of 5-10 ⁇ m can enter the upper respiratory tract, and aerosols with an average particle size of less than 2 ⁇ m can directly enter the lungs through the mucosa.
- the single dose of the liquid inhalation preparation may be 0.01-0.5 mmol.
- the single dose of the liquid inhalation preparation is preferably 0.74-37.3 mg, or 0.74-140 mg, calculated as potassium chloride.
- the application mode of the dry powder inhalation formulation may be direct inhalation or a dry powder inhalation device.
- the dry powder inhalation device may be conventional in the art, preferably a metered dose pressure inhalation device or a dry powder atomization inhalation device.
- the single dose of the dry powder inhalation preparation is preferably 0.01-0.5 mmol.
- the potassium salt is potassium chloride
- the single dose of the dry powder inhalation preparation is preferably 0.74-37.3 mg, or 0.74-140 mg.
- potassium salts Due to the high safe dose of potassium salts, continuous liquid atomization or dry powder spraying can also be used in the environment, and the human body continuously obtains potassium ions supplementation by breathing.
- the upper limit should not exceed oral or intravenous potassium supplementation, with a single dose of ⁇ 3 g and no more than 15 g per day (as potassium chloride). Multiple doses may be used.
- the present invention also provides the application of the inhalation preparation in preparing a medicine for treating hypertension.
- the invention also provides the application of the inhalation preparation in the preparation of sedative drugs.
- the reagents and raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available.
- the present invention is administered through the oral cavity or respiratory tract by means of inhalation, and provides a low dose of potassium ions.
- the potassium ions can enter the blood system through the mucosa, and the dose and blood drug concentration are far less than other existing routes of administration (oral or intravenous injection) Under the circumstance, increase the local potassium ion concentration of the oral or respiratory mucosa, especially increase the local potassium ion/sodium ion ratio of the oral or respiratory mucosa, thereby reducing the resistance of the cell membrane to transmit potassium ions, reducing energy consumption, and effectively replenishing potassium effect.
- the unexpected point of the present invention is to use a small amount of potassium ions to act on the oral cavity or respiratory tract mucosa, change the local sodium-potassium balance of the mucosa, activate the specific cells of the mucosal layer, and thus have unexpected beneficial physiological effects (such as lowering blood pressure and sedative effect, etc.).
- FIG. 1 is a blood pressure record of a subject in Effect Example 5.
- FIG. 1 is a blood pressure record of a subject in Effect Example 5.
- FIG. 2 shows the blood pressure records of the subjects in Effect Example 6.
- FIG. 3 is a blood pressure record of a subject in Effect Example 7.
- FIG. 3 is a blood pressure record of a subject in Effect Example 7.
- FIG. 4 is a blood pressure record of a subject in Effect Example 8.
- FIG. 4 is a blood pressure record of a subject in Effect Example 8.
- KCl molecular weight is 74.55
- 200mL purified water molar concentration is 154mmol/L, or 1.15% w/v
- KCl 8g was dissolved in 200mL of purified water (molar concentration was 537mmol/L, or 4.0% w/v) to form a clear solution, i.e., a liquid inhalation preparation; then it was dispensed into a 50mL pump-type manual nebulizer.
- KCl 2.3 g was dissolved in 200 mL of purified water (molar concentration was 154 mmol/L, or 1.15% w/v) to form a clear solution, i.e., a liquid inhalation preparation; then it was placed in a commercially available ultrasonic nebulizer.
- the ultrasonic nebulizer When it needs to be used, turn on the ultrasonic nebulizer near the nasal cavity and oral cavity, which can continuously generate droplets with a particle size of less than 100 ⁇ m, and the generated droplets are inhaled into the respiratory tract.
- the ultrasonic nebulizer can nebulize 6 mL of liquid every 30 minutes, which is equivalent to 69 mg KCl (0.9 mmol). About 23 mg of KCl (0.30 mmol KCl) were inhaled for about 10 minutes per inhalation. The inhaler does not experience any discomfort.
- KCl molecular weight 74.55
- 200mL purified water molar concentration is 25.5mmol/L, or 0.19% w/v
- KCl 18.2 g was dissolved in 200 mL of purified water (1,221 mmol/L, or 9.1% w/v molar concentration) to form a clear solution, a liquid inhalation formulation; then dispensed into a 50 mL pump-type manual nebulizer.
- 70g KCl is dissolved in 200mL purified water (molar concentration is about 4700mmol/L, or 35% w/v) to form a clear solution, i.e. liquid inhalation preparation;
- the above solution is added to a commercially available ultrasonic atomizer to form a potassium ion-rich mist.
- the ultrasonic nebulizer can nebulize 6 mL of liquid every 30 minutes, which is equivalent to 2.1 g of KCl (28 mmol).
- About 140 mg of KCl (1.88 mmol KCl) was inhaled for about 2 minutes per inhalation.
- the inhaler does not experience any discomfort. When inhaled through the nose or mouth, there is basically no discomfort caused by the high concentration of electrolytes (high osmotic pressure) in the solution in the droplets.
- KCl molecular weight is 74.55
- purified water molar concentration is 154mmol/L, or 1.15%w/v
- the nozzle of the push-type spray plastic bottle is aimed at the left and right nostrils, respectively, and press the spray when taking a deep breath.
- the amount of each inhalation is about 0.2mL of liquid, containing 2.3mg KCl (0.03mmol KCl).
- both nostrils are used, about 4.6 mg of KCl (0.06 mmol KCl) will be inhaled in a single dose.
- 100g potassium acetate (molecular weight is 98.14) is dissolved in 100mL purified water (molar concentration is about 10000mmol/L) to form a clear solution, that is, a liquid inhalation preparation;
- the nozzle of the push-type spray plastic bottle is aimed at the left and right nostrils, respectively, and press the spray when taking a deep breath.
- the amount of each inhalation is about 0.2mL liquid, containing 200mg KCl (2.04mmol KCl).
- about 400mg KCl (4.08mmol KCl) will be inhaled in a single dose. Due to the high salt concentration and osmotic pressure of the solution, the user experiences a slight dizziness, which basically disappears after a period of time.
- 269g potassium acetate (molecular weight is 98.14) is dissolved in 100mL purified water (molar concentration is 27410mmol/L) to form a clear solution, that is, a liquid inhalation preparation; and then packaged in a 50mL press-type atomizing plastic bottle or an ultrasonic atomizer. This solution forms a good aerosol.
- the following effect examples are real examples of using the inhalation formulation of the present invention.
- the subjects were all patients with hypertension for many years, aged between 40 and 70 years old, who had been taking antihypertensive drugs for a long time but their blood pressure control was not ideal.
- nasal sprays of the present invention or inhalation formulations of the present invention are received.
- Example 1 A man was found to have high blood pressure (95/145mmHg) in 2015, when he was 52 years old. He started oral antihypertensive drugs, but his blood pressure was not well controlled, and he often experienced dizziness and poor sleep quality.
- the liquid inhalation formulation of Example 1 was used according to the administration method of Example 1, once in the morning and once in the evening. The amount of each inhalation is about 0.2mL of liquid, containing 2.3mg KCl (0.03mmol KCl). When both nostrils are used, about 4.6 mg of KCl (0.06 mmol KCl) will be inhaled in a single dose. After one week of nasal spray, subjective symptoms improved and blood pressure decreased, so oral antihypertensive drugs were discontinued.
- Blood pressure was controlled by nasal spray or inhalation only (over 5 years so far) at subsequent time, and this person's blood pressure was effectively controlled (blood pressure below 85/135mmHg) without any other antihypertensive drugs. There were no adverse effects during this period.
- Example 1 A man, 57 years old. Anxiety and irritability due to poor sleep.
- the liquid inhalation formulation was used according to the dosing method of Example 1, twice at 7 am and 10 am. Symptoms of anxiety and irritability disappeared by noon. It has been used several times in similar situations since then, with the same sedative effect.
- a man with high blood pressure (95/145mmHg) was 52 years old.
- the powder formulation is inhaled according to the administration method of Example 7, and is used once in the morning and once in the evening (the administration interval is one to three days), and each inhalation is about ten minutes. After each use, the person's blood pressure can be significantly reduced, generally to 85/125mmHg. There were no adverse effects during this period.
- Example 3 A man, 63 years old at the time, had a history of hypertension for ten years. He relied on oral antihypertensive drugs to control his condition, but sometimes it still reached 95/155mmHg.
- the liquid inhalation formulation in Example 3 was used, once in the morning and once in the evening (with an interval of one to three days), and each inhalation was about ten minutes.
- the ultrasonic nebulizer can nebulize 6 mL of liquid every 30 minutes, which is equivalent to 69 mg KCl (0.9 mmol). About 23 mg of KCl (0.30 mmol KCl) was inhaled for about 10 minutes per inhalation.
- the person's blood pressure can be significantly reduced, generally down to 85/135mmHg.
- this person has been using a liquid inhalation formulation as an effective means of assisting blood pressure control in addition to oral medication. There were no adverse effects during this period.
- Example 11 According to the liquid inhalation preparation and use method of Example 11, use it once a day in the morning and evening, and use it continuously for 70 days.
- the subjects measured and reported their blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer every day.
- the blood pressure records are shown in Figure 1.
- the subjects' systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased during use.
- the slight increase in blood pressure on day 6 was due to the subjects playing mahjong for too long on that day.
- the subject did not have any other side effects except occasional slight nasal discomfort.
- Example 11 use it once a day in the morning and evening, and use it continuously for 70 days.
- the nasal spray was used continuously for 45 days, the patient stopped taking the oral medication for 3 days, and then changed to taking the medication every other day due to the improvement of blood pressure.
- the subjects measured and reported their blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer every day.
- the blood pressure records are shown in Figure 2. As can be seen in Figure 2, the subjects' systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased during use. During the whole period of use, the subject did not have any other side effects except occasional slight nasal discomfort.
- Example 11 According to the liquid inhalation preparation and using method of Example 11, use it once in the morning and evening, and use it continuously for 35 days. From the 4th day of the nasal spray, the subjects stopped taking the oral medication by themselves for 4 days. The subjects measured and reported their blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer every day. The blood pressure records are shown in Figure 3. As can be seen from Figure 3, the subjects' systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased during use. During the entire period of use, the subject did not have any other side effects other than occasional slight nasal discomfort.
- Example 11 use it once a day in the morning and evening, and use it continuously for 60 days. From the 25th day of the nasal spray, the subjects stopped taking the oral drug for 1 day, and the blood pressure rebounded on that day. Subsequent use of amlodipine besylate tablets along with nasal spray. The subjects measured and reported their blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer every day. The blood pressure records are shown in Figure 4. As can be seen in Figure 4, the subjects' systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased during use. During the entire period of use, the subject did not have any other side effects other than occasional slight nasal discomfort.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- 一种吸入制剂,其包括两种形式:(1)液体吸入制剂,其包含钾盐和水,钾的摩尔浓度为0.001~27,410mmol/L;或(2)干粉吸入制剂,其包括钾盐和药物载体,所述钾盐的含量为0.01%~100%,百分比为所述钾盐占所述干粉吸入制剂的质量百分比。
- 根据权利要求1所述的吸入制剂,其特征在于,所述的钾盐包括氯化钾、醋酸钾、葡糖酸钾、门冬氨酸钾、氨基酸复合钾、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸二氢钾、柠檬酸氢钾、酒石酸钾、酒石酸氢钾、酒石二酸氢钾、氢氧化钾、磷酸钾、磷酸氢钾、磷酸二氢钾、硫酸钾、硫酸氢钾、硝酸钾、海藻酸钾和山梨酸钾中的一种或多种;较佳地包括氯化钾、醋酸钾、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、酒石酸钾、酒石酸氢钾、酒石二酸氢钾、柠檬酸钾或柠檬酸氢钾。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的吸入制剂,其特征在于,所述液体吸入制剂中钾的摩尔浓度为0.001~10,000mmol/L,优选为0.001~4,700mmol/L,较佳地为3~3,500mmol/L,更佳地为10~2,000mmol/L,更佳地为20~1,500mmol/L,进一步更佳地为50~1,000mmol/L,甚至更佳地为75~700mmol/L;所述液体吸入制剂中钾的摩尔浓度例如为25.5mmol/L、154mmol/L、537mmol/L或1,221mmol/L;或者,所述液体吸入制剂中钾的摩尔浓度为0.001~2,500mmol/L,较佳地为0.001~1,500mmol/L,更佳地为3~1,000mmol/L,较进一步更佳地为20~400mmol/L,甚至更佳地为50~200mmol/L;较佳地,所述液体吸入制剂中,所述钾盐为氯化钾,所述氯化钾的摩尔浓度为0.001~4,700mmol/L,例如为25.5mmol/L、154mmol/L、537mmol/L或1,221mmol/L;较佳地,所述液体吸入制剂中,所述钾盐为醋酸钾,所述醋酸钾的摩尔浓度为0.001~27,410mmol/L,例如为10,000mmol/L;和/或,所述液体吸入制剂的pH为3.0~9.0,较佳地为4.0~8.0,更佳地为5.0~7.0,进一步更佳地为5.5~6.5。
- 根据权利要求1~3中至少一项所述的吸入制剂,其特征在于,所述液体吸入制剂 还包含药学上可接受的附加剂,所述附加剂包括稀释剂、酸度调节剂、等渗调节剂和防腐剂中的一种或多种;其中,所述稀释剂较佳地选自乙醇、异丙醇、丙二醇、甘油、甘露醇、乳糖、明胶、淀粉、预胶化淀粉、糊精、环糊精、蔗糖、牛磺酸,氨基酸,微晶纤维素、硫酸钙、磷酸氢钙、氧化镁、碳酸钙、羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚维酮、淀粉浆、糖浆、羧甲基淀粉钠和交联聚维酮中的一种或多种;所述酸度调节剂为酸、碱、中和剂或缓冲剂,较佳地选自葡甲胺、硼酸、无水醋酸钠、三水醋酸钠、结晶醋酸钠、氨丁三醇、醋酸、氨基酸、盐酸、磷酸、氯化铵、枸橼酸钠、稀氨溶液、醋酸钙、无水磷酸氢二钠、无水碳酸钠、碳酸氢钾、醋酸铵、乙酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸和琥珀酸中的一种或多种;所述酸度调节剂的含量较佳地为0.05%-20%,百分比为重量百分比;所述等渗调节剂较佳地选自葡萄糖、蔗糖、甘油和木糖醇中的一种或多种;所述等渗调节剂的含量较佳地为0.01%-20%,百分比为重量百分比;所述防腐剂较佳地为苯酚取代物、阳离子表面活性物质、卤素、氧化剂、苯胺染料、吖啶染料、重金属盐、醇类、醛类或食品防腐剂;其中,所述苯酚取代物较佳地为联苯酚、甲酚或二甲苯酚;所述氧化剂较佳地为过氧化氢或高锰酸盐;所述食品防腐剂较佳地为苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸、山梨酸钾或丙酸钙;所述防腐剂的含量较佳地为0.01%-20%,百分比为重量百分比。
- 根据权利要求1~4中至少一项所述的吸入制剂,其特征在于,所述液体吸入制剂为氯化钾水溶液、醋酸钾水溶液、碳酸钾水溶液、碳酸氢钾水溶液、酒石酸钾水溶液、酒石酸氢钾水溶液、柠檬酸钾水溶液或柠檬酸氢钾水溶液。
- 根据权利要求1~5中至少一项所述的吸入制剂,其特征在于,所述干粉吸入制剂中所述钾盐的含量为0.1%~90%,较佳地为1%~50%,更佳地为1%~20%;和/或,所述干粉吸入制剂的药物载体选自甘露醇、乳糖、明胶、淀粉、氨基酸、预胶化淀粉、糊精、环糊精、蔗糖、牛磺酸、氨基酸、微晶纤维素、硫酸钙、磷酸氢钙、氧化镁、碳酸钙、羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚维酮、淀粉浆、糖浆、羧甲基淀粉钠和交联聚 维酮中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求1~6中至少一项所述的吸入制剂,其特征在于,所述干粉吸入剂包括氯化钾和乳糖;其中,所述氯化钾的含量较佳地为2%~10%,更佳地为2%~6%;例如为2.2%、5.7%或9.3%,百分比为所述氯化钾占所述干粉吸入制剂的质量百分比。
- 根据权利要求1~7中至少一项所述的吸入制剂,其特征在于,所述干粉吸入制剂的平均粒径为0.05~1,000μm,较佳地为0.1~500μm,更佳地为0.2~250μm,例如74μm;或者0.2~5μm,较佳地为0.5~2μm,例如1μm或4μm;或者5~10μm,例如7μm;或者10~20μm,例如15μm。
- 一种权利要求1~8中任一项所述吸入制剂的制备方法,其包括将各组分混合均匀即可。
- 根据权利要求9所述的吸入制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,当所述吸入制剂为液体吸入制剂时,所述制备方法包括将各组分混合均匀形成溶液即可;当所述吸入制剂为干粉吸入制剂时,所述制备方法包括将各组分混合均匀形成具有特定颗粒度的固体混合物或者特定颗粒度的钾盐颗粒即可;较佳地,所述干粉吸入制剂的制备方法包括:先将钾盐溶解在水中,然后将所得的钾盐水溶液与药物载体混合,干燥后制粉;更佳地,所述干粉吸入制剂的制备方法包括:先将氯化钾溶解在水中,然后将所得的氯化钾水溶液用喷雾的方式加到乳糖中,干燥后制粉。
- 一种权利要求1~8中任一项所述吸入制剂在制备治疗高血压的药物或在制备镇静药物中的应用。
- 一种给药方法,其包括将权利要求1~8中任一项所述吸入制剂施加至口腔或呼吸道。
- 根据权利要求12所述的给药方法,其特征在于,所述液体吸入制剂的施加方式包括喷雾、滴加或洗涤;较佳地为喷雾;其中,所述喷雾的喷雾装置较佳地为按压式手动雾化器、电动喷雾装置、气动喷雾装置、机械喷雾装置或超声雾化器;所述喷雾装置可为定量或非定量;其中,所述喷雾装置将液体吸入制剂分散成细小的雾滴,以气雾状喷岀,使其悬浮在气体中;所述气雾的平均粒径为0.05~1000μm,较佳地为0.1~500μm,更佳地为0.2~250μm,例如74μm;或者0.2~4μm,例如1μm;或者5~10μm,例如7μm;或者10~20μm,例如15μm;和/或,以钾离子计,所述液体吸入制剂的单次剂量为0.01~0.5mmol;当所述钾盐为氯化钾时,以氯化钾计,所述液体吸入制剂的单次剂量较佳地为0.74~37.3mg,或者为0.74~140mg。和/或,所述干粉吸入制剂的施加方式为直接吸入或采用干粉吸入装置;其中,所述干粉吸入装置较佳地为定量压力吸入装置或干粉雾化吸入装置;和/或,以钾离子计,所述干粉吸入制剂的单次剂量为0.01~0.5mmol;当所述钾盐为氯化钾时,以氯化钾计,所述干粉吸入制剂的单次剂量较佳地为0.74~37.3mg,或者为0.74~140mg。
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CN1972676A (zh) * | 2004-04-08 | 2007-05-30 | 微量营养素有限责任公司 | 用于个体化应答式给药方案的营养药的组合物和系统 |
CN103228273A (zh) * | 2010-09-29 | 2013-07-31 | 普马特里克斯公司 | 吸入用单价金属阳离子干粉剂 |
CN107753472A (zh) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-03-06 | 北京北朋科技有限公司 | 雾化吸入用柠檬酸氢钾钠溶液 |
CN111110662A (zh) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | 北京盈科瑞创新药物研究有限公司 | 一种吸入用溶液制剂的制备方法 |
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CN1972676A (zh) * | 2004-04-08 | 2007-05-30 | 微量营养素有限责任公司 | 用于个体化应答式给药方案的营养药的组合物和系统 |
CN103228273A (zh) * | 2010-09-29 | 2013-07-31 | 普马特里克斯公司 | 吸入用单价金属阳离子干粉剂 |
CN107096014A (zh) * | 2010-09-29 | 2017-08-29 | 普马特里克斯营业公司 | 吸入用单价金属阳离子干粉剂 |
CN107753472A (zh) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-03-06 | 北京北朋科技有限公司 | 雾化吸入用柠檬酸氢钾钠溶液 |
CN111110662A (zh) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | 北京盈科瑞创新药物研究有限公司 | 一种吸入用溶液制剂的制备方法 |
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