WO2022065385A1 - グラフト重合体 - Google Patents
グラフト重合体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022065385A1 WO2022065385A1 PCT/JP2021/034866 JP2021034866W WO2022065385A1 WO 2022065385 A1 WO2022065385 A1 WO 2022065385A1 JP 2021034866 W JP2021034866 W JP 2021034866W WO 2022065385 A1 WO2022065385 A1 WO 2022065385A1
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- 125000001312 palmitoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000075 primary alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZIQALWHRUQPHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-eneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C=C AZIQALWHRUQPHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOODSCBKXPPKHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanethioic s-acid Chemical compound CCC(S)=O KOODSCBKXPPKHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N raffinose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021283 resveratrol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940016667 resveratrol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003660 reticulum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQZIYBXSHAGNOE-XNSRJBNMSA-N stachyose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)O2)O)O1 UQZIYBXSHAGNOE-XNSRJBNMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940012831 stearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004044 tetrasaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003538 tetroses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940113082 thymine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PUVAFTRIIUSGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1CO1 PUVAFTRIIUSGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003641 trioses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004043 trisaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010930 zeaxanthin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001775 zeaxanthin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940043269 zeaxanthin Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/28—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents cationic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F285/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to preformed graft polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
- A61K8/732—Starch; Amylose; Amylopectin; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/04—Polymerisation in solution
- C08F2/10—Aqueous solvent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F289/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08F251/00 - C08F287/00
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/10—Packing paper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
- C08F2810/40—Chemical modification of a polymer taking place solely at one end or both ends of the polymer backbone, i.e. not in the side or lateral chains
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to graft polymers, particularly graft polymers that can be suitably used in oil resistant agents.
- Paper containers are expected as an alternative to disposable plastic containers. Paper food packaging materials and food containers are required to prevent the moisture and oil content of the food from seeping out, and the oil resistant agent is applied to the paper by internal or external addition. In addition, there is an increasing need for biodegradable materials and bio-based materials from the viewpoint of environmental consideration.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a starch graft polymer obtained by reacting a cationic starch with a monomer containing (meth) acrylamide.
- Patent Document 1 does not describe high temperature oil resistance.
- High temperature oil resistance is an important property in products intended for use at high temperatures (eg food packaging).
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide an oil resistant agent capable of imparting high temperature oil resistance using a bio-based material.
- the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are as follows.
- [Item 1] A graft polymer obtained by graft-modifying a long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer having a long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms in a bio-based material.
- R is a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms independently.
- X is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- k is 1 to 3.
- Item 2 The graft polymer according to Item 1, which has a repeating unit derived from an acrylic monomer (a) having a long-chain hydrocarbon group represented by.
- R 1 is an independently long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
- X 1 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom.
- Y 1 is -O- or -NH-
- Z is a direct-bonded or divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- n 1 or 2.
- the biobase material is a polymer.
- X is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- k is 1 to 3.
- R 1 is an independently long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
- X 1 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom.
- Y 1 is -O- or -NH-
- Z is a direct-bonded or divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- n is 1 or 2.
- the amide monomer (a1) represented by and having at least one amide group. Item 13. The manufacturing method according to Item 13.
- the graft polymer in the present disclosure can impart excellent oil resistance and / or water resistance to the substrate, and in particular, can impart high temperature oil resistance. Since the graft polymer in the present disclosure is derived from a bio-based material, the load on the environment is low.
- the graft polymer is a compound obtained by graft-modifying a polymer having a long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms with respect to a bio-based material.
- the polymer may be a non-fluorine polymer.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be 7 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, 18 or more, or 20 or more, preferably 10 or more or 12 or more.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 22 or less, 20 or less, or 18 or less. It is preferably 30 or less.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and more preferably a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be linear, branched or cyclic, but is preferably linear.
- the long chain hydrocarbon group may be unsaturated (eg, monovalent unsaturated, divalent unsaturated, trivalent unsaturated, tetravalent unsaturated, or polyunsaturated) or saturated, eg, an alkyl group. ..
- long-chain hydrocarbon group examples include alkyl groups such as octyl group, lauryl group, palmityl group, stearyl group, behenyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group and isostearyl group; alkenyl such as oleyl group, palmitoyl group and eicosenyl group. The group etc. can be mentioned.
- the graft polymer may have an amide group.
- the amide group does not need to have carbon bonded to both ends of the amide group, and may be an amide group that is a part of a urethane group or a urea group. Further, the amide group may contain a sulfonamide in addition to the amide of the carboxylic acid.
- the amide group is preferably adjacent to the long chain hydrocarbon group.
- the graft polymer preferably has a long chain hydrocarbon amide group.
- each R is an independently long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
- R may be the same as the long-chain hydrocarbon group described above.
- the graft polymer preferably has a binding group that chemically or physically binds to the functional group of the substrate (for example, the hydroxy group of cellulose in paper).
- a chemical bond is, for example, a covalent bond.
- the physical bond means, for example, an ionic bond, a hydrogen bond, or the like.
- the binding group may be derived from a bio-based material. By having a binding group, the graft polymer can be highly fixed to cellulose, and the oil resistance and / or water repellency of the paper product can be well developed.
- the binding group is usually derived from a bio-based material.
- the binding group is particularly a polar group, and in particular, a polar group other than an amide group.
- the polar group include an active hydrogen-containing group, an active hydrogen-reactive group, a cation-donating group-containing group, an anion-donating group, and the like.
- Specific examples of the polar group include a hydroxy group, an amino group, a thiol group, a hydrazide group, a melamine, an aldehyde group, an epoxy group, a (blocking) isocyanate group, a urea group, a urethane group, a halogen group, a carboxylic acid group, and a sulfonic acid group. , Phosphoric acid group, ammonium group and the like. When forming an ion, these conjugate bases or conjugate acids may be used.
- the content of long-chain hydrocarbon groups in the graft polymer may be 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, or 30% by weight or more, preferably 5. It is more than% by weight.
- the content of long-chain hydrocarbon groups in the graft polymer is 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, or 25% by weight or less. It is often, preferably 70% by weight or less.
- the amide group content in the graft polymer may be 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, or 10% by weight or more, preferably 1% by weight or more.
- the amide group content in the graft polymer may be 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, 5% by weight or less, 1% by weight or less, or 0.5% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight. % Or less.
- the binding group content in the graft polymer may be 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, or 20% by weight or more, preferably 3. It is more than% by weight.
- the binding group content in the graft polymer may be 70% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, or 5% by weight or less, preferably 30% by weight. It is as follows.
- the graft polymer may have a biobase degree of 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 80% or more, according to ASTM D6866. Is 95% or more.
- a high degree of biobase means that the amount of fossil resource-based materials such as petroleum used is small. From this point of view, it can be said that the higher the biobase degree of the graft polymer is, the more preferable it is.
- Bio-based material is a material derived from a biomolecule such as an animal, a plant, or a microorganism. It is known in the art that carbon-14 (C-14), which has a half-life of about 5,700 years, is present in bio-based materials but not in fossil fuels. Therefore, the "bio-based material” may mean an organic material in which carbon is derived from a biological source other than fossils.
- the bio-based material may be a small molecule (for example, a molecular weight of 1000 or less, or 500 or less) or a polymer (natural polymer).
- its weight average molecular weight may be 1000 or more, 3000 or more, 5000 or more, 7500 or more, 10000 or more, 30,000 or more, 100,000 or more, 300,000 or more, or 500,000 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer may be 10,000,000 or less, 1,000,000 or less, 750000 or less, 500,000 or less, 3,000,000 or less, 100,000 or less, 75,000 or less, or 50,000 or less.
- Biobase materials usually have polar groups.
- the polar group are a hydroxy group, an amino group, a carboxylic acid group and the like.
- bio-based materials include saccharides, alcohols, amino acids or peptide compounds, nucleobases or nucleic acids, alkaloid compounds, steroid compounds, hormones, polyphenols, vitamins and the like.
- sugar compound examples include glucose, sucrose, galactose, lactose, dextrose, erythritol, martitol, sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, isomaltol, lactitol, glycerol carboxyalkyl polysaccharide, carboxymethyl cellulose, chitin, chitosan, levan and pullulan. , Curdlan, xanthan, caraginan, locust bean gum, pectin, dextrin, starch, guar gum, alginic acid, lignin and the like.
- alcohols include glycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol (sugar alcohol), xylitol (sugar alcohol) and the like.
- amino acids or peptides include, aspartic acid, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, etc.
- examples thereof include various enzymes such as tyrosine, valine, collagen, polypeptide, protease, lipase, oxygenase and peroxidase.
- nucleobases or nucleic acids include uracil, adenin, guanine, cytosine, thymine, nucleotides, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA) and the like.
- fatty acids or fats and oils include butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, capric acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, pentadecylic acid, palmitic acid, palmitreic acid, margaric acid and stearic acid.
- examples thereof include acid, vegetable fats and oils such as candelilla wax, carnauba wax, rice wax, wood wax and jojoba solid wax, and animal fats and oils such as honey wax, lanolin and whale wax.
- bio-based materials include isoflavone, proanthocyanidin, anthocyanin, catechin, lutein, hesperidin, tannin, ellagic acid, lignan, curcumin, coumarin, tea polyphenol, chlorogenic acid, resveratrol, barapolyphenol, astaxanthin, etc. Examples thereof include lutein, fucoxanthin, zeaxanthin, beta cryptoxanthin and the like.
- the bio-based material may be a saccharide. Examples of saccharides include monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, sugar alcohols, starches and the like.
- Monosaccharides are basic substances among saccharides that do not become simpler molecules by hydrolysis, and are constituent units of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
- the monosaccharide is the following general formula C n H 2n On [In the formula, the number of carbon atoms (n) is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 (diose, triose, tetrose, pentose, hexose, heptose, octose, nonose, and decourse, respectively). It can be called.). ] It may be a compound represented by.
- monosaccharides those having an aldehyde group are classified as aldose, and those having a ketone group are classified as ketose.
- the monosaccharides can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the sugar alcohol is a polyhydroxyalkane obtained by reducing aldose or ketose.
- a chain polyhydric alcohol is preferable.
- Such sugar alcohols have the following general formula C n H 2n + 1 On [In the formula, n is 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 (can be referred to as tritor, tetrytol, pliertol, hexitol, heptitol, octitol, nonitol, and decitol). ] It may be a compound represented by.
- sugar alcohol examples include sorbitol, mannitol, zulcitol, xylitol, erythritol, glycerin and the like.
- Sugar alcohols can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Oligosaccharides have a structure in which 2 to 10 monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds. It is classified into disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, pentoses, etc. according to the number of monosaccharides. Specific examples include sucrose, lactose, trehalose, cellobiose, maltose, raffinose, stachyose and the like. Further, those obtained by alcoholizing the ends of these oligosaccharides (terminal alcoholized oligosaccharides) can also be used.
- Polysaccharide is a general term for high molecular weight compounds in which monosaccharides are polyglycosylated (for example, a degree of polymerization of 10 or more), and when one type of constituent sugar is one type, homopolysaccharide (homoglycan) is used. It is called a heteropolysaccharide (heteroglycan).
- Polysaccharides are widely present in the animal, plant, and microbial kingdoms as stored polysaccharides (starches, etc.), structural polysaccharides (cellulose, etc.), and functional polysaccharides (heparin, etc.).
- Polysaccharides are polymer compounds whose constituent units are mainly aldhexose and aldpentose, which are linearly, branched or cyclically linked by glycosidic bonds. Aldopentose and aldhexose form a 6-membered ring structure called a pyranose ring by an intramolecular hemiacetal bond between the aldehyde at the C1 position and the alcohol at the C5 position. Aldohexose and aldpentose in the natural polysaccharide molecule mainly have this pyranose ring structure.
- Sulfate ester and phosphoric acid ester of aldohexosamine which is a constituent unit of natural polysaccharides, other organic acid esters and methyl ethers, uronic acid obtained by oxidizing only the primary alcohol group to a carboxyl group, and the hydroxy group at the C2 position of aldohexose are amino.
- Hexosamine substituted with a group and N-acetylhexosamine as a derivative thereof, 3,6 anhydrous ald hexose in which an ether is formed between the hydroxy groups at the C3 position and the C6 position, and the like are included.
- Natural polysaccharides are widely distributed in the animal and plant kingdoms, and are present in plants as cell wall constituents of higher plants and seaweeds, those not involved in cell wall constituents, and cell constituents of microorganisms. Those that are not involved in the cell wall composition of higher plants and seaweeds include storage substances such as mucilage and starch contained in cell fluid. In animals, it exists as a storage substance such as glycogen and as a constituent of mucus such as heparin and chondroitin sulfate. When natural polysaccharides are classified according to their constituents, they are classified into neutral polysaccharides, acidic polysaccharides, and basic polysaccharides. be.
- heteropolysaccharide those consisting only of hexose are contained in konjac, guaran and the like, and those consisting only of pentose are contained in xylan, alaboxylan and the like.
- tamarind, pear lizard and the like are known to include hexose and pentose.
- acidic polysaccharides include those containing only uronic acid, those containing galaturonic acid and neutral sugar such as trolley aoi and pectin, those containing glucuronic acid and neutral sugar such as chamomile and kusasugikazura, and other neutral sugars.
- acidic polysaccharides including sulfuric acid esters, uronic acid esters, organic acid esters, methyl ethers and 3,6 anhydrides.
- Some basic polysaccharides include glucosamine and galactosamine as constituent monosaccharides.
- the polysaccharides used in the present disclosure include solid phase, liquid phase or solid using these polysaccharides as catalysts for organic acids, inorganic acids, and hydrolysates of these polysaccharides.
- the weight average molecular weight of starch may be 1000 to 10,000,000, preferably 5000 to 750000 or more, and more preferably 7500 to 5000000 or less.
- Starches are included in the polysaccharides, but the starches used in the present disclosure will be described in more detail below.
- the starches used in the present disclosure include raw starches (unmodified starches) such as wheat starch, corn starch, glutinous corn starch, horse bell starch, tapioca starch, rice starch, sweet potato starch, and sago starch, as well as various processed starches. be.
- Examples of the processed starch include physically modified starch such as pregelatinized starch, separated purified amylose, separated purified amylopectin, and wet heat treated starch, enzymatically modified starch such as hydrolyzed dextrin, enzymatically degraded dextrin, and enzymatically modified starch such as amylose, acid-treated starch, and hypobranch.
- physically modified starch such as pregelatinized starch, separated purified amylose, separated purified amylopectin, and wet heat treated starch
- enzymatically modified starch such as hydrolyzed dextrin, enzymatically degraded dextrin
- enzymatically modified starch such as amylose, acid-treated starch, and hypobranch.
- Chemically decomposed modified starch such as chloric acid oxidized starch and dialdehyde starch, esterified starch (acetate esterified starch, succinct acid esterified starch, nitrate esterified starch, phosphoric acid esterified starch, urea phosphoric acid esterified starch, xanthogenic acid Esterized starch, acetoacetate esterified starch, etc.), etherified starch (allyl etherified starch, methyl etherified starch, carboxymethyl etherified starch, hydroxyethyl etherified starch, hydroxypropyl etherified starch, etc.), cationized starch (chanted starch, etc.) Esters of starch and 2-diethylaminoethyl chloride, esters of starch with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, etc.), cross-linked starch (formaldehyde cross-linked starch, epichlorohydrin cross
- the graft polymer is a graft polymer obtained by graft-modifying a long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer having a long-chain hydrocarbon group in a bio-based material.
- the graft polymer comprises both a stem portion derived from the biobase material and a branch portion (extension portion, graft) which is a long chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer bonded to the stem portion.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer has a repeating unit formed from an acrylic monomer (a) having a long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, and the acrylic monomer (a) is an amide. It may contain at least one of a monomer (a1) and a non-amide monomer (a2).
- the acrylic monomer (a) may contain either one of the monomers (a1) and (a2), or may contain both (a1) and (a2).
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer may have a repeating unit formed of an acrylic monomer (b) having a hydrophilic group.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer may have a repeating unit formed from the monomer (c) having an ion donating group.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer may have a repeating unit formed from a monomer (d) other than the monomers of the monomers (a) to (c).
- R is a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms independently.
- X is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- k is 1 to 3.
- It is preferably a monomer represented by.
- X may be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.
- Examples of X are a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, a fluorine atom, and a cyano group.
- X 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a chlorine atom. It is particularly preferable that X is a hydrogen atom.
- Y is a divalent to tetravalent group.
- Y is preferably a divalent group.
- R is a long-chain hydrocarbon group, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly a saturated long-chain hydrocarbon group, and particularly preferably an alkyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be 7 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, 18 or more, or 20 or more, preferably 10 or more or 12 or more.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 22 or less, 20 or less, or 18 or less. It is preferably 30 or less.
- the amide monomer (a1) has a long-chain hydrocarbon group and an amide group.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group and the amide group may be as described above.
- the term "(meth) acrylic” means acrylic or methacrylic.
- (meth) acrylate” means acrylate or methacrylate.
- the ⁇ -position atom in the acrylate is not limited to the hydrogen atom, and may be another group.
- R 1 is an independently long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
- X 1 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom.
- Y 1 is -O- or -NH-
- Z is a direct-bonded or divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, 1 to 5, 1 to 4, or 1 to 3).
- n is 1 or 2.
- It may be a compound represented by and having at least one amide group.
- R 1 is a long-chain hydrocarbon group, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly a saturated long-chain hydrocarbon group, particularly an alkyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be 7 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, 18 or more, or 20 or more, preferably 10 or more or 12 or more.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 22 or less, 20 or less, or 18 or less. It is preferably 30 or less.
- X 1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a halogen atom (eg, F, Cl, Br, or I (eg, the fluorine atom may be excluded)), a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl. It may be a base. It is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a chlorine atom.
- R' is- (CH 2 ) m- (m is an integer of 1 to 5), a linear hydrocarbon group having an unsaturated bond having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a branched structure having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- At least one of Y 1 and Y 2 preferably has an amide group. That is, when Y 1 is not an NH group, it is preferable that Y 2 has an amide group, and when Y 2 does not have an amide group, Y 1 is preferably an NH group.
- Z is a direct-bonded or divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, 1 to 5, 1 to 4, or 1 to 3), and even if it has a linear structure, it is branched. It may have a structure.
- the carbon number of Z is preferably 2 to 4, particularly 2.
- Z does not have to be a direct coupling, and Y 2 and Z do not have to be a direct coupling at the same time.
- the amide monomer (a1) may be a hydroxy group-containing (meth) acrylate or a hydroxy group-containing (meth) acrylamide (eg, hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate or hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylamide) or an amino group-containing (meth) acrylate. It can be produced by reacting an amino group-containing (meth) acrylamide (for example, aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate or aminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide) with a long-chain alkyl isocyanate.
- an amino group-containing (meth) acrylamide for example, aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate or aminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide
- long-chain alkyl isocyanate examples include lauryl isocyanate, myristyl isocyanate, cetyl isocyanate, stearyl isocyanate, oleyl isocyanate, and behenyl isocyanate.
- the amide monomer (a1) can also be produced by reacting a (meth) acrylate having an isocyanate group in the side chain, for example, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl methacrylate with a long-chain alkylamine or a long-chain alkylalcohol.
- a long-chain alkylamine include laurylamine, myristylamine, cetylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine, and behenylamine.
- the long-chain alkyl alcohol include lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol.
- the following structure can be exemplified as the amide monomer (a1).
- n is a number of 7 to 40 and m is a number of 1 to 5.
- the compound having the above chemical formula is an acrylic compound in which the ⁇ -position is a hydrogen atom, and specific examples may be a metalcle compound in which the ⁇ -position is a methyl group and an ⁇ -chloroacrylic compound in which the ⁇ -position is a chlorine atom.
- amide monomer (a) examples include alkylacrylamides such as stearyl (meth) acrylamide, icosyl (meth) acrylamide, and behenyl (meth) acrylamide; amide ethyl palmitate (meth) acrylate, and amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate.
- alkylacrylamides such as stearyl (meth) acrylamide, icosyl (meth) acrylamide, and behenyl (meth) acrylamide; amide ethyl palmitate (meth) acrylate, and amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate.
- Carboxyls such as acrylate, a
- the amide monomer (a) is preferably an amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate.
- the amide monomer (a) is often a carboxylic acid amide alkyl (meth) acrylate, and may be a mixture containing an amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate.
- the amount of amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate is, for example, 55 to 99% by weight, preferably 60 to 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the amide monomer (a). %, More preferably 65-80% by weight, and the remaining monomer may be, for example, amide ethyl palmitate (meth) acrylate.
- the melting point of the amide monomer (a1) having a long-chain hydrocarbon group is preferably 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably 25 ° C. or higher.
- the non-amide monomer (a2) has a long-chain hydrocarbon group and has a repeating unit derived from the monomer (a1) having no amide group.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be as described above.
- the non-amide monomer (a2) may be a long-chain acrylate ester monomer in which Y 2 is —O—.
- R 2 is preferably a long chain hydrocarbon group, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly an alkyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be 7 or more, 10 or more, 12 or more, 14 or more, 16 or more, 18 or more, or 20 or more, preferably 10 or more or 12 or more.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group may be 40 or less, 35 or less, 30 or less, 25 or less, 22 or less, 20 or less, or 18 or less. It is preferably 30 or less.
- X 2 may be a halogen excluding a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a fluorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group. It is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a chlorine atom.
- non-amide monomer (a2) are lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, icosyl (meth) acrylate, behenyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, icosyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, and behenyl ⁇ . Chloroacrylate and the like.
- the hydrophilic monomer (b) is an acrylic monomer having a hydrophilic group.
- the hydrophilic group monomer (b) is a monomer other than the amide monomer (a), and the hydrophilic group is an oxyalkylene group (the alkylene group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms). It is preferable to have.
- the hydrophilic group monomer (b) includes polyalkylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate and / or polyalkylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyalkylene glycol mono (meth) acrylamide, hydroxyethyl acrylate, and hydroxypropyl acrylate. It is preferably hydroxybutyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl acrylamide.
- the monomer (c) having an ion donor group is preferably a monomer having an olefinic carbon-carbon double bond and an ion donor group.
- Ion donors are anion donors and / or cation donors.
- Examples of the monomer having an anion donating group include a monomer having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group or a phosphoric acid group.
- Specific examples of the monomer having an anion donating group include (meth) acrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, (meth) allyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, and phosphorus.
- anion donating group salt examples include alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, or ammonium salts such as methyl ammonium salt, ethanol ammonium salt, and triethanol ammonium salt.
- an example of the cation donor group is an amino group, preferably a tertiary amino group and a quaternary amino group.
- the two groups bonded to the nitrogen atom are the same or different, an aliphatic group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (particularly an alkyl group) and an aromatic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (aryl group).
- it is preferably an aromatic aliphatic group having 7 to 25 carbon atoms (particularly an aralkyl group, for example, a benzyl group (C 6 H 5 -CH 2- )).
- the three groups bonded to the nitrogen atom are the same or different, an aliphatic group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (particularly an alkyl group) and an aromatic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (aryl group). Alternatively, it is preferably an aromatic aliphatic group having 7 to 25 carbon atoms (particularly an aralkyl group, for example, a benzyl group (C 6 H 5 -CH 2- )).
- the remaining one group bonded to the nitrogen atom may have a carbon-carbon double bond.
- the cation donor group may be in the form of a salt.
- the cation donor group which is a salt, is a salt with an acid (organic acid or inorganic acid).
- Organic acids such as carboxylic acids having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (particularly monocarboxylic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and stearic acid) are preferred.
- Dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylates and diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylates and salts thereof are preferred.
- the other monomer (d) is a monomer other than the monomers (a), (b) and (c).
- Such other monomers include ethylene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinyl halide stin, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, polyoxyalkylene mono (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide.
- the above-mentioned monomers (a) to (d) do not have to have a fluoroalkyl group (particularly a perfluoroalkyl group) having 1 or more carbon atoms, 3 or more, 6 or more, or 8 or more carbon atoms.
- the above-mentioned monomers (a) to (d) do not have to have a fluorine atom.
- the weight ratio of the branch portion to the total of the trunk portion (biobase material) and the branch portion (polycarbonate group-containing polymer) is 1% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, and 30% by weight or more. , 50% by weight or more, 70% by weight or more, or 90% by weight or more.
- the weight ratio of the branch portion to the total of the trunk portion (bio-based material) and the branch portion (aliphatic hydrocarbon group-containing polymer) is 95% by weight or less, 85% by weight or less, 75% by weight or less, 65% by weight or less. , 45% by weight or less, 35% by weight or less, 25% by weight or less, or 15% by weight or less.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (a)) formed from the monomer (a) is 20% by weight or more with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the total of the repeating units (a) to (d)). , 30% by weight or more, 40% by weight or more, 45% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, or 75% by weight or more.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (a)) formed from the monomer (a) is 95% by weight or less with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the total of the repeating units (a) to (d)). , 75% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, or 50% by weight or less.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (a1)) formed from the monomer (a1) is 10% by weight or more with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the total of the repeating units (a) to (d)). , 15% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 25% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, 40% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, or 60% by weight or more.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (a1)) formed from the monomer (a1) is 95% by weight or less with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the total of the repeating units (a) to (d)). , 75% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, or 30% by weight or less.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (b)) formed from the monomer (b) is 0.1 weight by weight with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the sum of the repeating units (a) to (d)). % Or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, or 30% by weight or more.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (b)) formed from the monomer (b) is 75% by weight or less with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the total of the repeating units (a) to (d)). , 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, or 5% by weight or less.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (c)) formed from the monomer (c) is 0.1 weight by weight with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the sum of the repeating units (a) to (d)). % Or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, or 30% by weight or more.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (c)) formed from the monomer (c) is 75% by weight or less with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the total of the repeating units (a) to (d)). , 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, or 5% by weight or less.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (d)) formed from the monomer (d) is 0.1 weight by weight with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the sum of the repeating units (a) to (d)). % Or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, or 30% by weight or more.
- the amount of the repeating unit (repeating unit (d)) formed from the monomer (d) is 50% by weight or less with respect to the polymer (or with respect to the total of the repeating units (a) to (d)). , 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, or 5% by weight or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the branch portion (long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer) of the graft polymer may be 1000 or more, 3000 or more, 5000 or more, 7500 or more, 10000 or more, or 30,000 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer may be 10,000,000 or less, 5,000,000 or less, 1,000,000 or less, 500,000 or less, 3,000,000 or less, or 100,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight is a value obtained in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography.
- the method for producing a polymer in the present disclosure preferably includes a step of graft-modifying a polymer having a long-chain hydrocarbon group and an amide group in a biobase material.
- a Grafting-to method, a Grafting-from method, etc. well known to those skilled in the art can be used.
- the textbook "Principles of Polymerization” (GGOdian, Wiley Interscience, 1991, 3rd edition, pp. 715-725) can be referred to.
- a graft polymer is obtained by a method in which a long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer, which is a branch portion, is first polymerized, and the obtained polymer is chemically bonded to a biobase material, which is a trunk portion.
- the method of chemically bonding is not particularly limited, and an etherification reaction, an acylation reaction (esterification, amidation), a reaction using an epoxy group, and a reaction using an isocyanate group can be used.
- the hydroxy group of the bio-based material may be reacted with the carboxylic acid group of the long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer.
- a reaction catalyst or the like may be appropriately used to allow the reaction to proceed.
- a functional group in the trunk portion may be used as a polymerization initiating group, and a graft chain which is a trunk portion may be grown from the polymerization initiating group.
- a graft polymer may be obtained by polymerizing a monomer in the presence of a bio-based material.
- an active site (particularly a free radical) can be formed in the side chain of the biobase material, and then the polymerization of the monomers (a) to (d) can proceed from the active site.
- the formation of the active site may be caused by a chain transfer reaction in the polymerization process of the monomer.
- a graft polymer may be obtained by binding the radical reaction end of the polymer to the active site. This method may be used in bio-based materials containing hydroxy groups (eg, secondary alcohols).
- Various polymerization methods such as solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and radiation polymerization can be selected in order to obtain a long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer.
- solution polymerization using water or an organic solvent for example, solution polymerization using water or an organic solvent, suspension polymerization using an organic solvent and water in combination, or self-dispersion type emulsion polymerization using a surfactant may be used.
- the graft modification is preferably carried out in the presence of the biobase material and is preferably carried out under conditions in which the biobase material is dispersed (preferably dissolved).
- the method for producing a long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer in the present disclosure preferably includes a step of polymerizing the above-mentioned monomer in the presence of a biobase material.
- a long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer; a cluster of a long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer and a bio-based material; and / or a mixture of a long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing polymer and a bio-based material can be obtained.
- a polymer-containing composition comprising the same is obtained.
- the polymer or polymer-containing composition obtained by this production method can have excellent oil resistance.
- polymerization initiators examples include water-soluble polymerization initiators, such as 2,2'-azobisisobutyamidin 2 hydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidin) hydrochloride, 2,2'-. Azobisisobuty [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] hydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] sulfate hydrate, 2,2'-azobis [ 2- (5-Methyl-2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] hydrochloride, potassium persulfate, barium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, and oil-soluble polymerization initiators, such as 2,2'-azobis.
- water-soluble polymerization initiators such as 2,2'-azobisisobutyamidin 2 hydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidin) hydrochloride, 2,2'-. Az
- the initiator may be an oxidant initiator, a reducing agent initiator, or a redox initiator, including, for example, a combination of a peroxide and a reducing agent, a combination of an inorganic reducing agent and an oxidizing agent, or an inorganic-organic redox pair. You can go out. Multivalent ions selected from Ce 4+ , V 5+ , Cr 6+ and Mn 3+ may be used as the initiator. The initiator is used in the range of 20 parts by weight or less, for example, 0.01 to 15 parts by weight, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, or 0.01 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer. good.
- a chain transfer agent for example, a mercapto group-containing compound may be used for the purpose of adjusting the molecular weight, and specific examples thereof include 2-mercaptoethanol, thiopropionic acid, alkyl mercaptan and the like.
- the chain transfer agent may be used in an amount of 10 parts by weight or less, for example, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer.
- the oil resistant agent is an oil resistant agent containing the above-mentioned graft polymer.
- the oil resistant agent has oil resistance, and may further have water resistance, water repellency, and oil repellency.
- the oil resistant agent may contain a liquid medium (water, an organic solvent or a mixed solution thereof) in addition to the graft polymer.
- the oil resistant agent may further contain at least one selected from a surfactant, other additives and the like.
- the amount of the graft polymer is 0.1% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, or 50% by weight or more with respect to the oil resistant agent. It may be there.
- the amount of the graft polymer may be 100% by weight or less, 75% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, or 25% by weight or less with respect to the oil resistant agent.
- the oil resistant agent may contain an aqueous medium.
- the liquid medium is water alone, an organic solvent alone, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, preferably water alone or a mixture of water and an organic solvent.
- the amount of the liquid medium may be 30% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, 75% by weight or more, or 90% by weight or more with respect to the oil resistant agent.
- the amount of the liquid medium may be 95% by weight or less, 75% by weight or less, or 50% by weight or less with respect to the oil resistant agent.
- the amount of the organic solvent is 3% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, or 75% by weight or more with respect to the liquid medium. It may be there.
- the amount of the organic solvent may be 90% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, or 10% by weight or less with respect to the liquid medium.
- the oil resistant agent may or may not contain a surfactant (emulsifier) or a dispersant.
- a surfactant or dispersant eg, total amount of biobase material and monomer or graft weight
- 0.01 to 45 parts by weight, 0.01 to 30 parts by weight, or 0.01 to 15 parts by weight may be added to 100 parts by weight of the combined amount, or a surfactant or dispersant may be added after polymerization. May be added.
- the surfactant or the dispersant contains a nonionic surfactant in the oil resistant agent.
- the surfactant preferably contains one or more surfactants selected from a cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, and an amphoteric surfactant. It is preferable to use a combination of a nonionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant.
- Each of the nonionic surfactant, the cationic surfactant, and the amphoteric surfactant may be one or a combination of two or more.
- the amount of the surfactant or dispersant is 45 parts by weight or less, 30 parts by weight or less, 15 parts by weight or less, and 10 parts by weight with respect to the total amount of the biobase material and the monomer or 100 parts by weight of the graft polymer. Hereinafter, it may be 7.5 parts by weight or less, 5 parts by weight or less, and 2.5 parts by weight or less.
- the amount of the surfactant or dispersant is 0.1 part by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 3 parts by weight or more, and 5 parts by weight or more with respect to the total amount of the biobase material and the monomer or 100 parts by weight of the graft polymer. It may be 7 parts by weight or more, 7.5 parts by weight or more, or 10 parts by weight or more.
- the addition of a surfactant or dispersant improves the stability of the aqueous dispersion and its permeability to textile products.
- the oil resistant agent may or may not contain the blocked isocyanate compound.
- the blocked isocyanate compound may be added before the polymerization or after the polymerization (for example, after the polymerization and before the curing step).
- the blocked isocyanate compound is a compound represented by isocyanate (A (NCO) m [in the formula, A is a group remaining after the isocyanate group is removed from the isocyanate compound, and m is an integer of 2 to 8].
- A isocyanate
- m is an integer of 2 to 8
- a blocking agent RH [in the formula, R may be a hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with a hetero atom such as a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom, H is a hydrogen atom]]. It can be produced by reacting with (may be a compound to be).
- a (NCO) m is, for example, tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and the like.
- blocking agents that form R groups are oximes, phenols, alcohols, mercaptans, amides, imides, imidazoles, ureas, amines, imines, pyrazoles, active methylene compounds and the like.
- blocked isocyanate compound blocked isocyanate such as oxime blocked toluene diisocyanate, blocked hexamethylene diisocyanate, and blocked diphenylmethane diisocyanate is preferable.
- the amount of the blocked isocyanate compound is 15 parts by weight or less, 10 parts by weight or less, 7.5 parts by weight or less, and 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the monomer (or 100 parts by weight of the polymer of the branch portion). It may be less than a part or 2.5 parts by weight or less.
- the oil resistant agent may contain other additives.
- other additives include binder resins, dispersants, water resistant agents, oil resistant agents, water repellents, oil repellents, drying rate regulators, cross-linking agents, film-forming aids, defoamers, antifreeze agents, and viscosity regulators. , UV absorbers, antioxidants, pH regulators, defoamers, texture regulators, slipperiness regulators, antistatic agents, hydrophilic agents, antibacterial agents, preservatives, insect repellents, fragrances, flame retardants, sizes Agents, paper strength enhancers, etc.
- the amount of the other additive is 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, for example 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the monomer (or 100 parts by weight of the polymer of the branch portion). It's okay.
- the graft polymer can be used as various agents such as an oil resistant agent, a water resistant agent, a water repellent agent, an oil repellent agent, an antifouling agent, a stain removing agent, a release agent or a mold release agent, or components thereof.
- the graft polymer can be used as an external treatment agent (surface treatment agent) or an internal treatment agent or a component thereof.
- the graft polymer can form a surface coating structure on the surface of the base material.
- the treated object (base material) is dried in order to exhibit liquid repellency, and is preferably heated at a temperature of, for example, Tg or higher of the copolymer, for example, 100 ° C to 200 ° C. preferable.
- Tg temperature of the copolymer
- the surface of the substrate is coated with the copolymer, and the arrangement of side chains is further induced. As a result, a surface coating structure having excellent hydrophobicity can be formed.
- the surface coating structure can be formed by applying the graft polymer to the object to be treated (base material) by a conventionally known method, and by adhering the copolymer to the surface of the base material.
- a method is adopted in which the graft polymer is dispersed in an organic solvent or water, diluted, and adhered to the surface of the object to be treated by a known method such as dip coating, spray coating, foam coating and the like, and dried. .. If necessary, it may be applied together with a suitable cross-linking agent (for example, a blocked isocyanate compound) for curing.
- a suitable cross-linking agent for example, a blocked isocyanate compound
- an insect repellent a softener, an antibacterial agent, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a paint fixing agent, an anti-wrinkle agent, a sizing agent, a paper strength enhancer and the like to the graft polymer and use them together. ..
- the objects to be treated with the agent containing the graft polymer include textile products, stone materials, filters (for example, electrostatic filters), dustproof masks, fuel cell parts (for example, gas diffusion electrodes and gas diffusion supports), and the like.
- filters for example, electrostatic filters
- dustproof masks for example, fuel cell parts (for example, gas diffusion electrodes and gas diffusion supports), and the like.
- fuel cell parts for example, gas diffusion electrodes and gas diffusion supports
- Examples include glass, wood, leather, fur, asbestos, bricks, cement, metals and oxides, ceramic products, plastics, coated surfaces, plasters and the like.
- textile products include various examples of textile products, such as cloth products and paper products.
- cloth products include animal and vegetable natural fibers such as cotton, linen, wool and silk, synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene, and semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon and acetate. Examples thereof include inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers and asbestos fibers, or mixed fibers thereof.
- Fabric products include textiles, knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics, fabrics and carpets in the form of clothing, but with respect to fibers, yarns, intermediate textile products (eg, sliver or crude yarn, etc.) in their pre-fabric state. Processing may be done.
- paper products include bleached or unbleached chemical pulp such as kraft pulp or sulfide pulp, crushed wood pulp, bleached or unbleached high-yield pulp such as mechanical pulp or thermomechanical pulp, used newspaper, used magazine, and used cardboard.
- bleached or unbleached chemical pulp such as kraft pulp or sulfide pulp, crushed wood pulp, bleached or unbleached high-yield pulp such as mechanical pulp or thermomechanical pulp, used newspaper, used magazine, and used cardboard.
- paper made of used paper pulp such as deinked used paper, a container made of paper, a molded body made of paper, and the like can be mentioned.
- Specific examples of paper products include food wrapping paper, gypsum board base paper, coated base paper, medium quality paper, general liner and core, neutral pure white roll paper, neutral liner, rustproof liner and metal interleaving paper, and kraft paper.
- graft polymer of the present disclosure has excellent high temperature oil resistance, it is suitably used for applications where oil resistance at high temperatures is required, particularly for food packaging materials.
- the graft polymer can be applied to fibrous substrates (eg, textiles, etc.) by any of the methods known for treating textiles with liquids.
- the textile product is a cloth
- the cloth may be dipped in the solution, or the solution may be attached or sprayed on the cloth.
- the process may be an external addition process or an internal addition process.
- the textile product is paper, it may be coated on paper, a solution may be attached or sprayed on the paper, or it may be mixed with a pulp slurry before papermaking and treated.
- the process may be an external addition process or an internal addition process.
- the graft polymer may be applied to preformed textile products (especially paper, cloth, etc.) or at various stages of papermaking, for example during the drying period of paper.
- the graft polymer may be applied to textile products by a cleaning method, and may be applied to textile products by, for example, a washing application or a dry cleaning method.
- the fibrous base material may be leather.
- the copolymer is aqueous or aqueous emulsified at various stages of leather processing to make the leather hydrophobic and oleophobic, for example during the wet processing of the leather or during the finishing of the leather. It may be applied from things to leather.
- the graft polymer can also be used as an external mold release agent.
- the surface of the substrate can be easily stripped from another surface (another surface on the substrate or a surface on another substrate).
- Treatment means applying the treatment agent to the object to be treated by dipping, spraying, coating, or the like.
- the copolymer which is the active ingredient of the treatment agent permeates into the inside of the object to be treated and / or adheres to the surface of the object to be treated.
- the graft polymer can be suitably used as an additive for paper.
- the paper additive containing the graft polymer can be used as a water resistant agent, an oil resistant agent, a water repellent agent, and an oil repellent agent.
- Paper additives are preferably in the form of solutions, emulsions or aerosols.
- the paper additive comprises a graft polymer and a medium (eg, a liquid medium such as an organic solvent and water).
- the paper additive is preferably an aqueous dispersion of the graft polymer.
- the concentration of the graft polymer may be, for example, 0.01 to 50% by weight. Paper additives do not have to contain surfactants.
- the removal of the liquid medium (eg, organic solvent or water) contained in the paper additive can be performed by heating the polymer solution (preferably under reduced pressure) (for example, to 30 ° C. or higher, for example, 50 to 120 ° C.). ..
- the solid content of the graft polymer is 0.1 part by weight or more, 0.5 part by weight or more, 1 part by weight or more, 5 parts by weight or more, and 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the pulp.
- the amount may be 20 parts by weight or more, 30 parts by weight or more, or 40 parts by weight or more.
- the amount of the additive for paper is 100 parts by weight or less, 80 parts by weight or less, 60 parts by weight or less, 40 parts by weight or less, 20 parts by weight or less, or 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the pulp.
- the amount may be less than or equal to a part by weight.
- the amount of the graft polymer contained in the oil resistant layer is 0.01 g / m 2 or more, 0.03 g / m 2 or more, 0.05 g / m 2 or more, 0.10 g / m 2 or more, 0. It may be 30 g / m 2 or more, or 0.50 g or more.
- the amount of graft polymer contained in the oil resistant layer is 5 g / m 2 or less, 3 g / m 2 or less, 2 g / m 2 or less, 1.5 g / m 2 or less, 0.30 g / m 2 or less, or 0.50 g /. It may be m 2 or less.
- Paper additives can be used to treat (eg, surface treat) paper substrates.
- the paper additive can be applied to the object to be treated by a conventionally known method.
- a method of dispersing and diluting a paper additive in an organic solvent or water, adhering it to the surface of the object to be treated by a known method such as dip coating, spray coating, foam coating, etc., and drying it is adopted.
- the paper base material of the object to be treated include paper, a container made of paper, a molded product made of paper (for example, a pulp mold), and the like.
- the graft polymer of the present disclosure adheres well to a paper substrate.
- adhesion means a physical bond or a chemical bond.
- the paper additive in the present disclosure can improve moldability, it can also be used as a moldability improving agent.
- Bio-based degree The biobase degree was measured by measuring the concentration of natural-level radiocarbon (C14) present in the organic material contained in the sample, and the biobase carbon (%) was used as an index. The evaluation was performed according to the ASTM D 6866 standard.
- Production Example 7 (SHA 14%, Liposocard, V-50)
- 68 parts of processed tapioca starch (trade name: TSK-13, product of Nihon Shokuhin Kako Co., Ltd.) is suspended in 740 parts of water under stirring to 90 ° C. The temperature was raised and gelatinized.
- Comparative manufacturing example 1 In a reaction device equipped with a stirrer and a heater, 20 parts of processed tapioca starch (trade name: TSK-13, manufactured by Nihon Shokuhin Kako Co., Ltd.) is suspended in 180 parts of water under stirring to 90 ° C. The temperature was raised and gelatinized to obtain a starch suspension. The solid content of the obtained starch suspension was 10% by weight.
- Example 1 To a freeness of 550 cc (Canadian Freeness), add 2400 g of an aqueous dispersion of 0.5% by weight of a mixture of 70 parts of broad-leaved bleached kraft pulp and 30 parts of coniferous bleached kraft pulp while stirring, and then alkyl. Add 0.18 g of a 5% solid content aqueous solution of Keten Dimer (AKD) (Hercon (registered trademark) 79 manufactured by Solenis) and continue stirring for 1 minute, and then water the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluoropolymer of Production Example 1 with water. 36 g of the product diluted to 10% solid content was added, and stirring was continued for 1 minute.
- KID Keten Dimer
- the pulp slurry was placed in a metal tank. At the bottom of the tank, a metal pulp molding mold provided with a large number of suction holes was present in a state where a net-like body was arranged on the metal pulp mold.
- the pulp-containing aqueous composition is sucked and dehydrated through the pulp mold and the mesh from the side opposite to the side where the pulp-molded reticulum is arranged by a vacuum pump, and is contained in the pulp-containing aqueous composition.
- the solid content (pulp, etc.) was deposited on the reticulated body to obtain a pulp mold intermediate.
- the obtained pulp mold intermediate was pressed from above and below with a metal male-female molding die heated to 60 to 200 ° C. and dried. As a result, a pulp molded product molded into the shape of a container was manufactured.
- Table 2 shows the results of evaluation of the content ratio and moldability of each component in the obtained pulp mold product, high temperature oil resistance performance, and high temperature water resistance performance.
- Example 2 The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 24 g of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorine copolymer of Production Example 2 was used instead of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer of Production Example 1 in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp, the high temperature oil resistance performance, and the high temperature water resistance performance in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 3 The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 18 g of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorine copolymer of Production Example 3 was used instead of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer of Production Example 1 in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp, the high temperature oil resistance performance, and the high temperature water resistance performance in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 4 The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 24 g of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorine copolymer of Production Example 4 was used instead of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer of Production Example 1 in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp, the high temperature oil resistance performance, and the high temperature water resistance performance in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 5 The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 24 g of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorine copolymer of Production Example 5 was used instead of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer of Production Example 1 in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp, the high temperature oil resistance performance, and the high temperature water resistance performance in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 6 The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 24 g of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorine copolymer of Production Example 6 was used instead of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer of Production Example 1 in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp, the high temperature oil resistance performance, and the high temperature water resistance performance in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 7 The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 24 g of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorine copolymer of Production Example 7 was used instead of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer of Production Example 1 in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp, the high temperature oil resistance performance, and the high temperature water resistance performance in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Comparative Example 1 The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 60 g of the starch suspension of Comparative Production Example 1 was used instead of the aqueous dispersion of the polymer of Production Example 1 in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp, the high temperature oil resistance performance, and the high temperature water resistance performance in the obtained pulp mold product.
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Abstract
Description
[項1]
バイオベース材料に炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基を有する長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体をグラフト修飾してなるグラフト重合体。
[項2]
前記長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体が、下記式
CH2=C(-X)-C(=O)-Y(R)k
[式中、Rは、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
Xは、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Yは、2価~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基(特に、-CH2-、-CH=)、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
kは1~3である。]
で表される長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)から誘導された繰り返し単位を有する、項1に記載のグラフト重合体。
[項3]
前記アクリル単量体(a)が下記式
CH2=C(-X1)-C(=O)-Y1-Z(-Y2-R1)n
[式中、R1は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基であり、
X1は、水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1は、-O-又は-NH-であり、
Y2は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-又は-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、直接結合、あるいは2価又は3価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1又は2である。]
で表され、少なくとも1つのアミド基を有するアミド単量体(a1)
を含む、項2に記載のグラフト重合体。
[項4]
前記長鎖炭化水素基の炭素数が12以上である、項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体。
[項5]
前記バイオベース材料が糖類である、項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体。
[項6]
前記バイオベース材料が高分子である、項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体。
[項7]
ASTM D6866によるバイオベース度が40%以上である、1~6のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体。
[項8]
項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体を含む、耐油剤。
[項9]
紙用添加剤である項8の耐油剤。
[項10]
項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体が付着した繊維製品。
[項11]
紙製品である、項10に記載の繊維製品。
[項12]
前記紙が食品包装材である、項11に記載の繊維製品。
[項13]
バイオベース材料の存在下単量体(a)を含む単量体を重合させる工程を含む、長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体の製造方法であって、単量体(a)は下記式
CH2=C(-X)-C(=O)-Y(R)k
[式中、Rは、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
Xは、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Yは、2価~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基(特に、-CH2-、-CH=)、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
kは1~3である。]
で表される、長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体の製造方法。
[項14]
前記単量体(a)が下記式
CH2=C(-X1)-C(=O)-Y1-Z(-Y2-R1)n
[式中、R1は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基であり、
X1は、水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1は、-O-又は-NH-であり、
Y2は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-又は-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、直接結合、あるいは2価又は3価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1又は2である。]
で表され、少なくとも1つのアミド基を有するアミド単量体(a1)
である、項13に記載の製造方法。
グラフト重合体はバイオベース材料に対して炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基を有する重合体をグラフト修飾した化合物である。
長鎖炭化水素基の炭素数は、7以上、10以上、12以上、14以上、16以上、18以上、又は20以上であってよく、好ましくは10以上又は12以上である。長鎖炭化水素基の炭素数は、40以下、35以下、30以下、25以下、22以下、20以下、又は18以下であってよい。好ましくは30以下である。
グラフト重合体はアミド基を有していてよい。アミド基は、アミド基の両端に炭素が結合していることを要さず、ウレタン基又はウレア基の一部のアミド基であってもよい。また、アミド基は、カルボン酸のアミドに加えて、スルホンアミドを含んでいてもよい。アミド基は、長鎖炭化水素基に隣接していることが好ましい。
グラフト重合体は長鎖炭化水素アミド基を有することが好ましい。長鎖炭化水素アミド基は、
-NHC(=O)-R
-C(=O)NH-R
-NHC(=O)O-R
-OC(=O)NH-R
-NHC(=O)NH-R
-NH-S(=O)2-R、及び
-S(=O)2-NH-R
[式中、各々のRは独立して炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基である。]
からなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の長鎖炭化水素アミド基であってよい。
グラフト重合体は、基材の有する官能基(例えば紙中のセルロースの有するヒドロキシ基)と化学的又は物理的に結合する結合性基を有することが好ましい。化学的結合とは例えば共有結合をいう。物理的結合とは、例えばイオン結合、水素結合等をいう。結合性基はバイオベース材料由来であってよい。結合性基を有することにより、グラフト重合体がセルロースに高度に定着し、紙製品の耐油性及び/又は撥水性が良好に発現し得る。結合性基は通常、バイオベース材料由来である。
グラフト重合体における長鎖炭化水素基含有量は1重量%以上、3重量%以上、5重量%以上、10重量%以上、20重量%以上、又は30重量%以上であってよく、好ましくは5重量%以上である。グラフト重合体における長鎖炭化水素基含有量は80重量%以下、70重量%以下、60重量%以下、50重量%以下、40重量%以下、30重量%以下、又は25重量%以下であってよく、好ましくは70重量%以下である。
グラフト重合体は、ASTM D6866によるバイオベース度が50%以上、60%以上、70%以上、80%以上、90%以上、95%以上であってよく、好ましくは80%以上であり、より好ましくは95%以上である。バイオベース度が高いことは、石油等に代表される化石資源系材料の使用量が少ないことを意味する。かかる観点において、グラフト重合体のバイオベース度は高いほど好ましいといえる。
「バイオベース材料」とは動物、植物、微生物等の生体分子に由来した材料のことである。なお、半減期が約5,700年である炭素14(C-14)は、バイオベース材料中に存在するが、化石燃料中には存在しないことが当該技術分野において知られている。したがって、「バイオベース材料」とは、その中の炭素が化石以外の生物源に由来する有機材料を意味してもよい。
(糖類)
バイオベース材料は糖類であってよい。糖類としては、単糖類、オリゴ糖類、多糖類、糖アルコール、デンプン類等が挙げられる。
CnH2nOn
[式中、炭素数(n)が2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9及び10である(それぞれ、ジオース、トリオース、テトロース、ペントース、ヘキソース、ヘプトース、オクトース、ノノース、及びデコースと称することができる。)。]
で表される化合物であってよい。単糖類は、アルデヒド基を持つものをアルドース、ケトン基を持つものをケトースと分類する。n=3以上のものは、不斉炭素原子を持ち、不斉炭素の数に応じて立体異性体が多数あり得るが、天然に知られているものはその一部である。天然に存在するものは、ペントースとヘキソースが多い。本開示で使用する単糖類としては、n=5以上の鎖式多価アルコールのアルデヒドであるアルドースが、天然に多量に存在するために好ましい。このような単糖類としては、例えば、グルコース、マンノース、ガラクトース、キシロース等が挙げられるが、その中でも、グルコースとガラクトースがより好ましい。単糖類は、それぞれ単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
CnH2n+1On
[式中、nが3、4、5、6、7、8、9及び10である(トリトール、テトリトール、ペンチトール、ヘキシトール、ヘプチトール、オクチトール、ノニトール、及びデシトールと称することができる。)。]
で表される化合物であってよい。それぞれの糖アルコールには、不斉炭素原子の数に応じて立体異性体が多数存在する。本開示では、n=3~6の糖アルコールを用いることが好ましい。糖アルコールの具体例としては、ソルビトール、マンニトール、ズルシトール、キシリトール、エリトリトール、グリセリン等を挙げることができる。糖アルコールは、それぞれ単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
グラフト重合体はバイオベース材料に長鎖炭化水素基を有する長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体をグラフト修飾したグラフト重合体である。グラフト重合体は、バイオベース材料由来である幹部分、及び該幹部分に結合した長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体である枝部分(延長部分、グラフト)の両方を含む。
長鎖炭化水素基を有する単量体(a)は、
CH2=C(-X)-C(=O)-Y(R)k
[式中、Rは、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
Xは、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Yは、2価~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基(特に、-CH2-、-CH=)、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
kは1~3である。]
で示される単量体であることが好ましい。
Yは、炭素数1の炭化水素基、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上によって構成される基であることが好ましい。炭素数1の炭化水素基の例として、-CH2-、枝分かれ構造を有する-CH=または枝分かれ構造を有する-C≡が挙げられる。
[式中、Y’は、直接結合、-O-、-NH-または-S(=O)2-であり、
R’は-(CH2)m-(mは1~5の整数である)または-C6H4-(フェニレン基)である。]
であってよい。
[式中、mは1~5の整数、特に2または4である。]
であることが好ましい。Yは、-O-または-O-(CH2)m-NH-C(=O)-、特に-O-(CH2)m-NH-C(=O)-であることがより好ましい。Yは炭化水素基でないことが好ましい。
アミド単量体(a1)は長鎖炭化水素基とアミド基を有する。長鎖炭化水素基及びアミド基については上述のとおりであってよい。
CH2=C(-X1)-C(=O)-Y1-Z(-Y2-R1)n
[式中、R1は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基であり、
X1は、水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1は、-O-又は-NH-であり、
Y2は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-又は-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、直接結合、あるいは2価又は3価の炭素数1~6(例えば1~5、1~4、又は1~3)の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1又は2である。]
で表され、少なくとも1つのアミド基を有する化合物であってよい。
[式中、Y’はそれぞれ独立して、直接結合、-O-、-NH-又は-S(=O)2-であり、
R’は-(CH2)m-(mは1~5の整数である)、炭素数1~5の不飽和結合を有する直鎖状の炭化水素基、炭素数1~5の枝分かれ構造を有する炭化水素基、又は-(CH2)l-C6H4-(CH2)l-(lはそれぞれ独立して0~5の整数であり-C6H4-はフェニレン基である)である。]
であってよい。
[式中、mは1~5の整数である。]
である。
アミド単量体(a1)は、CH2=C(-X5)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)m-NH-C(=O)-R3であることが特に好ましい。
[上記式中、nは7~40の数であり、mは1~5の数である。]
上記の化学式の化合物は、α位が水素原子であるアクリル化合物であるが、具体例は、α位がメチル基であるメタクル化合物及びα位が塩素原子であるαクロロアクリル化合物であってよい。
アミド単量体(a)の具体例としては、ステアリル(メタ)アクリルアミド、イコシル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ベヘニル(メタ)アクリルアミド等のアルキルアクリルアミド;パルミチン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ベヘニン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ミリスチン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソステアリン酸エチルアミド(メタ)アクリレート、オレイン酸エチルアミド(メタ)アクリレート、ターシャリーブチルシクロヘキシルカプロン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アダマンタンカルボン酸エチルアミド(メタ)アクリレート、ナフタレンカルボン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アントラセンカルボン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、パルミチン酸アミドプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリン酸アミドプロピル(メタ)アクリレート等のカルボン酸アミドアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;又はこれらの混合物が挙げられる。アミド単量体(a)は、ステアリン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレートであることが好ましい。アミド単量体(a)は、カルボン酸アミドアルキル(メタ)アクリレートであることがよく、中でもステアリン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレートを含む混合物であってよい。ステアリン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレートを含む混合物において、ステアリン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレートの量は、アミド単量体(a)全体の重量に対して、例えば55~99重量%、好ましくは60~85重量%、更に好ましくは65~80重量%であってよく、残りの単量体は、例えば、パルミチン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレートであってよい。
非アミド単量体(a2)は、長鎖炭化水素基を有し、アミド基を有しない単量体(a1)から誘導された繰り返し単位を有する。長鎖炭化水素基については上述のとおりであってよい。
CH2=C(-X2)-C(=O)-Y2-R2
[式中、R2は、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X2は、水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y2は、-O-である。]
で示される化合物である。
親水性単量体(b)は、親水性基を有するアクリル単量体である。親水性基単量体(b)は、アミド単量体(a)以外の単量体であって、親水性基は、オキシアルキレン基(アルキレン基の炭素数は2~6である。)であることが好ましい。特に、親水性基単量体(b)は、ポリアルキレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート及び/又はポリアルキレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリアルキレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート、ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート、又はヒドロキシエチルアクリルアミドであることが好ましい。
イオン供与基を有する単量体(c)は、オレフィン性炭素―炭素二重結合及びイオン供与基を有する単量体であることが好ましい。イオン供与基は、アニオン供与基及び/又はカチオン供与基である。
他の単量体(d)は、単量体(a)、(b)及び(c)以外の単量体である。そのような他の単量体としては、エチレン、酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニル、フッ化ビニル、ハロゲン化ビニルスチン、α-メチルスチレン、p-メチルスチレン、ポリオキシアルキレンモノ(メタ)アクリレート、(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、メチロール化(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、アルキルビニルエーテル、ハロゲン化アルキルビニルエーテル、アルキルビニルケトン、ブタジエン、イソプレン、クロロプレン、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、アジリジニル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、イソシアネートエチル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、短鎖アルキル(メタ)アクリレート、無水マレイン酸、ポリジメチルシロキサン基を有する(メタ)アクリレート、N-ビニルカルバゾールが挙げられる。
幹部分(バイオベース材料)と枝部分(脂肪族炭化水素基含有重合体)との合計に対する枝部分の重量比は、1重量%以上、5重量%以上、10重量%以上、30重量%以上、50重量%以上、70重量%以上、又は90重量%以上であってよい。幹部分(バイオベース材料)と枝部分(脂肪族炭化水素基含有重合体)との合計に対する枝部分の重量比は、95重量%以下、85重量%以下、75重量%以下、65重量%以下、45重量%以下、35重量%以下、25重量%以下、又は15重量%以下であってよい。
本開示における重合体の製造方法としては、バイオベース材料に長鎖炭化水素基とアミド基とを有する重合体をグラフト修飾する工程を含むことが好ましい。例えば、当業者周知のGrafting-to法、Grafting-from法等を用いることができる。グラフト重合については、教科書「重合の原理」(G.G.Odian、Wiley Interscience、1991年、第三版、715-725ページ)等を参考にできる。
耐油剤は、上述したグラフト重合体を含む耐油剤である。耐油剤は、耐油性を有し、さらに耐水性、撥水性、撥油性を有してよい。耐油剤はグラフト重合体に加えて、液状媒体(水、有機溶媒又はこれらの混合溶液)を含んでよい。耐油剤は、さらに、界面活性剤、及びその他添加剤等から選択される少なくとも一種を含んでいてよい。
耐油剤は、界面活性剤(乳化剤)又は分散剤を含有しなくてもよいし、あるいは含有していてもよい。一般に、重合中の粒子の安定化、重合後の水分散体の安定化のために、重合時に界面活性剤又は分散剤を少量(例えば、バイオベース材料と単量体との合計量又はグラフト重合体量100重量部に対して0.01~45重量部、0.01~30重量部、又は0.01~15重量部)で添加してよく、又は、重合後に界面活性剤又は分散剤を添加してよい。
耐油剤は、ブロックイソシアネート化合物を含有しなくてもよいし、あるいは含有していてもよい。ブロックイソシアネート化合物は重合前に添加されてもよいし、重合後(例えば、重合後キュアリング工程前)に添加されてもよい。
耐油剤は、その他添加剤を含有してもよい。その他添加剤の例は、バインダー樹脂、分散剤、耐水剤、耐油剤、撥水剤、撥油剤、乾燥速度調整剤、架橋剤、造膜助剤、相溶化剤、凍結防止剤、粘度調整剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、pH調整剤、消泡剤、風合い調整剤、すべり性調整剤、帯電防止剤、親水化剤、抗菌剤、防腐剤、防虫剤、芳香剤、難燃剤、サイズ剤、紙力増強剤等である。その他添加剤の量は、単量体の合計100重量部(又は枝部分の重合体の合計100重量部)に対して、0.1~20重量部、例えば0.1~10重量部であってよい。
グラフト重合体は、耐油剤、耐水剤、撥水剤、撥油剤、防汚剤、汚れ脱離剤、剥離剤又は離型剤等の各種剤又はその成分として使用できる。グラフト重合体は、外的処理剤(表面処理剤)又は内的処理剤又はその成分として使用できる。
グラフト重合体は紙用添加剤に好適に用いることができる。グラフト重合体を含む紙用添加剤は耐水剤、耐油剤、撥水剤、撥油剤、として用いることができる。紙用添加剤は、溶液、エマルション又はエアゾールの形態であることが好ましい。紙用添加剤は、グラフト重合体及び媒体(例えば、有機溶媒及び水等の液状媒体)を含んでなる。紙用添加剤は、グラフト重合体の水分散体であることが好ましい。紙用添加剤において、グラフト重合体の濃度は、例えば、0.01~50重量%であってよい。紙用添加剤は、界面活性剤を含まなくてよい。
次に、実施例を挙げて本開示を具体的に説明する。ただし、これらの説明は本開示を限定するものでない。以下において、部、%又は比は、特記しない限り、重量部、重量%又は重量比を表す。
バイオベース度は、サンプルに含まれる有機物資中に存在する天然レベルの放射性炭素(C14)濃度を測定することで、バイオベース炭素(%)を指標とした。評価は、ASTM D 6866規格に準じて行った。
成形性はパルプモールド成型時、60~200℃に加温された金属製のオスメス成形型で上下から加圧して乾燥させる際、金属製の成形型に貼り付きが生じるかで評価した。
×:成型型に貼りつき有り
〇:成型型に貼りつき無し
容器状に成形したパルプモールド製品に80℃の評価液(コーン油)を100ml注ぎ入れ、30分間静置した後に評価液を廃棄して、パルプモールド製品(容器)への評価液の染み具合を下記の基準に従い目視で評価した。
4:パルプモールド容器底の内側に油染みがほぼ見られない
3:パルプモールド容器底の外側に油染みが見られない
2:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の5%未満に油染みが見られる
1:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の5%以上50%未満に油染みが見られる
0:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の50%以上に油染みが見られる
容器状に成形したパルプモールド製品に80℃の評価液(水道水)を100ml注ぎ入れ、30分間静置した後に評価液を廃棄して、パルプモールド製品(容器)への評価液の染み具合を下記の基準に従い目視で評価した。
4:パルプモールド容器底の内側に水の染みがほぼ見られない
3:パルプモールド容器底の外側に水の染みが見られない
2:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の5%未満に水の染みが見られる
1:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の5%以上50%未満に水の染みが見られる
0:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の50%以上に水の染みが見られる
撹拌機及び加熱器を備えた反応装置で、加工タピオカ澱粉(商品名:TSK-13、日本食品化工株式会社製品)60部を撹拌下のもと水630部中で懸濁させ、90℃まで昇温、糊化させた。式CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35で表されるステアリル酸アミドアクリレート(C18AmEA、融点:70℃)6.7部、ステアリルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド4.5部を80℃で溶解し、上記の糊化した澱粉溶液中で超音波により乳化し、液滴の平均粒子径が500nm以下となるように微分散した。次いで、開始剤の硝酸2アンモニウムセリウム(CAN)1.20部を加え、この混合物を窒素雰囲気下、60℃、5時間混合撹拌して重合させた。得られた重合体含有溶液の固形分は10重量%であった。
撹拌機及び加熱器を備えた反応装置で、加工タピオカ澱粉(商品名:TSK-13、日本食品化工株式会社製品)68部を撹拌下のもと水740部中で懸濁させ、90℃まで昇温、糊化させた。式CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35で表されるステアリル酸アミドアクリレート(C18AmEA、融点:70℃)11.2部、ステアリルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド8.9部を80℃で溶解し、上記の糊化した澱粉溶液中で超音波により乳化し、液滴の平均粒子径が500nm以下となるように微分散した。次いで、開始剤の硝酸2アンモニウムセリウム(CAN)1.36部を加え、この混合物を窒素雰囲気下、60℃、5時間混合撹拌して重合させた。得られた重合体含有溶液の固形分は10重量%であった。
撹拌機及び加熱器を備えた反応装置で、加工タピオカ澱粉(商品名:TSK-13、日本食品化工株式会社製品)60部を撹拌下のもと水700部中で懸濁させ、90℃まで昇温、糊化させた。式CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35で表されるステアリル酸アミドアクリレート(C18AmEA、融点:70℃)15.0部、ステアリルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド11.9部を80℃で溶解し、上記の糊化した澱粉溶液中で超音波により乳化し、液滴の平均粒子径が500nm以下となるように微分散した。次いで、開始剤の硝酸2アンモニウムセリウム(CAN)1.32部を加え、この混合物を窒素雰囲気下、60℃、5時間混合撹拌して重合させた。得られた重合体含有溶液の固形分は10重量%であった。
撹拌機及び加熱器を備えた反応装置で、加工タピオカ澱粉(商品名:TSK-13、日本食品化工株式会社製品)68部を撹拌下のもと水740部中で懸濁させ、90℃まで昇温、糊化させた。式CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35で表されるステアリル酸アミドアクリレート(C18AmEA、融点:70℃)11.2部、塩化ビスヒドロキシエチルアルキル(C8-18)メチルアンモニウム8.9部を80℃で溶解し、上記の糊化した澱粉溶液中で超音波により乳化し、液滴の平均粒子径が500nm以下となるように微分散した。次いで、開始剤の硝酸2アンモニウムセリウム(CAN)1.36部を加え、この混合物を窒素雰囲気下、60℃、5時間混合撹拌して重合させた。得られた重合体含有溶液の固形分は10重量%であった。
撹拌機及び加熱器を備えた反応装置で、酸化澱粉(商品名:MS#3800、日本食品化工株式会社製品)68部を撹拌下のもと水740部中で懸濁させ、90℃まで昇温、糊化させた。式CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35で表されるステアリル酸アミドアクリレート(C18AmEA、融点:70℃)11.2部、塩化ビスヒドロキシエチルアルキル(C8-18)メチルアンモニウム8.9部を80℃で溶解し、上記の糊化した澱粉溶液中で超音波により乳化し、液滴の平均粒子径が500nm以下となるように微分散した。次いで、開始剤の硝酸2アンモニウムセリウム(CAN)1.36部を加え、この混合物を窒素雰囲気下、60℃、5時間混合撹拌して重合させた。得られた重合体含有溶液の固形分は10重量%であった。
撹拌機及び加熱器を備えた反応装置で、カチオン化澱粉(商品名:CATOSIZE380H、イングレディオン社製品)68部を撹拌下のもと水740部中で懸濁させ、90℃まで昇温、糊化させた。式CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35で表されるステアリル酸アミドアクリレート(C18AmEA、融点:70℃)11.2部、塩化ビスヒドロキシエチルアルキル(C8-18)メチルアンモニウム8.9部を80℃で溶解し、上記の糊化した澱粉溶液中で超音波により乳化し、液滴の平均粒子径が500nm以下となるように微分散した。次いで、開始剤の硝酸2アンモニウムセリウム(CAN)1.36部を加え、この混合物を窒素雰囲気下、60℃、5時間混合撹拌して重合させた。得られた重合体含有溶液の固形分は10重量%であった。
撹拌機及び加熱器を備えた反応装置で、加工タピオカ澱粉(商品名:TSK-13、日本食品化工株式会社製品)68部を撹拌下のもと水740部中で懸濁させ、90℃まで昇温、糊化させた。式CH2=CHC(=O)OC2H4NHC(=O)C17H35で表されるステアリル酸アミドアクリレート(C18AmEA、融点:70℃)11.2部、塩化ビスヒドロキシエチルアルキル(C8-18)メチルアンモニウム8.9部を80℃で溶解し、上記の糊化した澱粉溶液中で超音波により乳化し、液滴の平均粒子径が500nm以下となるように微分散した。次いで、開始剤のアゾビスアミジノプロパン塩酸塩1.36部を加え、この混合物を窒素雰囲気下、60℃、5時間混合撹拌して重合させた。得られた重合体含有溶液の固形分は10重量%であった。
撹拌機及び加熱器を備えた反応装置で、加工タピオカ澱粉(商品名:TSK-13、日本食品化工株式会社製品)20部を撹拌下のもと水180部中で懸濁させ、90℃まで昇温、糊化させ、澱粉懸濁液を得た。得られた澱粉懸濁液の固形分は10重量%であった。
ろ水度が550cc(カナディアンフリーネス)に、叩解した70部の広葉樹漂白クラフトパルプと30部の針葉樹漂白クラフトパルプとの混合物の0.5重量%の水分散液2400gをかき混ぜながら添加し、次いでアルキルケテンダイマー(AKD)(Solenis製Hercon(登録商標)79)の5%固形分水溶液を0.18g添加して1分間撹拌し続け、次いで製造例1の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したもの36gを添加して撹拌を1分間続けた。
実施例1における製造例1の重合体の水分散液に代えて、製造例2の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液24gを用いる他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能を評価した結果を表2に示す。
実施例1における製造例1の重合体の水分散液に代えて、製造例3の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液18gを用いる他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能を評価した結果を表2に示す。
実施例1における製造例1の重合体の水分散液に代えて、製造例4の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液24gを用いる他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能を評価した結果を表2に示す。
実施例1における製造例1の重合体の水分散液に代えて、製造例5の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液24gを用いる他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能を評価した結果を表2に示す。
実施例1における製造例1の重合体の水分散液に代えて、製造例6の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液24gを用いる他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能を評価した結果を表2に示す。
実施例1における製造例1の重合体の水分散液に代えて、製造例7の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液24gを用いる他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能を評価した結果を表2に示す。
Claims (14)
- バイオベース材料に炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基を有する長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体をグラフト修飾してなるグラフト重合体。
- 前記長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体が、下記式
CH2=C(-X)-C(=O)-Y(R)k
[式中、Rは、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
Xは、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Yは、2価~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基(特に、-CH2-、-CH=)、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
kは1~3である。]
で表される長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)から誘導された繰り返し単位を有する、請求項1に記載のグラフト重合体。 - 前記アクリル単量体(a)が下記式
CH2=C(-X1)-C(=O)-Y1-Z(-Y2-R1)n
[式中、R1は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基であり、
X1は、水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1は、-O-又は-NH-であり、
Y2は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-又は-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、直接結合、あるいは2価又は3価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1又は2である。]
で表され、少なくとも1つのアミド基を有するアミド単量体(a1)
を含む、請求項2に記載のグラフト重合体。 - 前記長鎖炭化水素基の炭素数が12以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体。
- 前記バイオベース材料が糖類である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体。
- 前記バイオベース材料が高分子である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体。
- ASTM D6866によるバイオベース度が40%以上である、1~6のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体を含む、耐油剤。
- 紙用添加剤である請求項8の耐油剤。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のグラフト重合体が付着した繊維製品。
- 紙製品である、請求項10に記載の繊維製品。
- 前記紙が食品包装材である、請求項11に記載の繊維製品。
- バイオベース材料の存在下単量体(a)を含む単量体を重合させる工程を含む、長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体の製造方法であって、単量体(a)は下記式
CH2=C(-X)-C(=O)-Y(R)k
[式中、Rは、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
Xは、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Yは、2価~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基(特に、-CH2-、-CH=)、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
kは1~3である。]
で表される、長鎖炭化水素基含有重合体の製造方法。 - 前記単量体(a)が下記式
CH2=C(-X1)-C(=O)-Y1-Z(-Y2-R1)n
[式中、R1は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基であり、
X1は、水素原子、一価の有機基又はハロゲン原子であり、
Y1は、-O-又は-NH-であり、
Y2は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-又は-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、直接結合、あるいは2価又は3価の炭素数1~6の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1又は2である。]
で表され、少なくとも1つのアミド基を有するアミド単量体(a1)
である、請求項13に記載の製造方法。
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WO2024143275A1 (ja) | 2022-12-26 | 2024-07-04 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 撥水耐油剤、繊維製品および繊維製品の製造方法 |
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