WO2022057606A1 - 一种直流接触器、配电盒、动力电池总成与车辆 - Google Patents

一种直流接触器、配电盒、动力电池总成与车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022057606A1
WO2022057606A1 PCT/CN2021/115399 CN2021115399W WO2022057606A1 WO 2022057606 A1 WO2022057606 A1 WO 2022057606A1 CN 2021115399 W CN2021115399 W CN 2021115399W WO 2022057606 A1 WO2022057606 A1 WO 2022057606A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc
contact
assembly
contactor
extinguishing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/115399
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
壇博治
王文俊
唐家安
黄广明
陈太贤
赵福高
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to EP21868434.8A priority Critical patent/EP4210084A4/en
Publication of WO2022057606A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022057606A1/zh
Priority to US18/185,110 priority patent/US20230223222A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force
    • H01H2001/545—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force having permanent magnets directly associated with the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H01H50/38—Part of main magnetic circuit shaped to suppress arcing between the contacts of the relay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/345—Mounting of arc chutes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of contactors, in particular to a DC contactor, a power distribution box, a power battery assembly and a vehicle.
  • Contactor is a commonly used electrical switch with a wide range of applications, such as: industrial equipment, electric vehicles, charging piles and other equipment can be used in contactors, its working principle is to control the closing of static contacts and moving contacts and disconnect the switch to implement the circuit.
  • Contactors can be divided into DC contactors and AC contactors.
  • the existing DC contactors are usually DC contactors with a sealed gas-filled arc extinguishing structure.
  • the DC contactor of this structure can be used in circuits with a working voltage above 200VDC.
  • the present application provides a DC contactor, a power distribution box, a power battery assembly and a vehicle, so as to prolong the service life of the DC contactor and simplify the structure of the DC contactor.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a DC contactor, where the DC contactor includes a contact assembly, an arc extinguishing assembly, and a driving assembly.
  • the arc extinguishing assembly is placed on the peripheral side of the contact assembly;
  • the contact assembly includes a pair of moving contacts and static contacts, the moving contacts include moving contacts, and the static contacts include static contacts and surrounding static contacts.
  • the arc striking sheet is provided, and the arc striking sheet is used to introduce the arc generated between the moving contact and the static contact into the arc extinguishing assembly;
  • the driving assembly is used to drive the moving contact and the static contact to close or disconnect.
  • the DC contactor of the present application by arranging the arc striking sheet around the static contact, the arc generated during the closing and opening of the static contact and the moving contact can be transferred from the static contact to the arc striking sheet, and then by the arc striking sheet.
  • the arc is introduced into the arc extinguishing component for arc extinguishing, thereby realizing the protection of the static contact, which can effectively prevent the arc from burning the static contact and the moving contact, thereby prolonging the service life of the DC contactor.
  • the DC contactor does not need to be filled with arc extinguishing gas, and can have an open structure. Therefore, the structure of the DC contactor is simpler, and at the same time, the assembly process of the DC contactor is simplified.
  • the arc striking piece includes an arc striking piece body and an arc striking pin, and the arc striking pin extends from the arc striking piece body away from the static contact and is inserted into the arc extinguishing assembly.
  • the arc striking pin By setting the arc striking pin, it is more convenient to insert the arc striking piece into the arc quenching assembly, so that the arc can be introduced to a specific position in the arc quenching assembly through the arc striking pin.
  • the arc striking pin is gradually bent and extended from the plane where the static contact is located in a direction away from the moving contact, so as to lead the arc to the direction away from the moving contact, and elongate the static contact and the moving contact. The distance of the arc between the moving contacts.
  • the arc extinguishing assembly includes two fixed frames that are spaced apart and arranged opposite to each other, the static contact is located between the two fixed frames, and a plurality of pieces are arranged in the two fixed frames.
  • Arc extinguishing plates arranged at intervals; there are at least two arc striking pins, and at least one arc striking pin is inserted into one of the fixed frames, and the remaining arc strike pins are inserted into the other fixed frame.
  • the free end of the arc striking pin is located between the inner side surface of the fixing frame and the end arc extinguishing plate, so as to further increase the transmission distance of the arc.
  • a reinforcing plate is provided on the inner side of the fixing frame at a position corresponding to the arc striking pin, so as to avoid arc burns and damage to the fixing frame.
  • a plurality of arc extinguishing plates are arranged in sequence, and are arranged in a fan shape, so as to further increase the transmission distance of the arc.
  • a plurality of arc extinguishing plates are arranged in parallel in sequence.
  • multiple arc extinguishing plates are arranged in parallel in sequence; the multiple arc extinguishing plates are divided into two groups, in the direction from the static contact to the moving contact direction, the two groups of arc chute are set separately.
  • the arc formed between the static contact and the movable contact can pass through two sets of arc extinguishing plates in sequence, so that the arc extinguishing effect can be further increased.
  • the end of at least one arc-extinguishing sheet protrudes out of the plane where the stationary contact is located.
  • the arc-extinguishing plates in the group are arranged in a stepped shape from the static contact to the fixed frame.
  • the plurality of arc-extinguishing plates in the group are arranged in a stepped shape.
  • the distance between the two sets of arc extinguishing plates is relatively large near the static contact and the moving contact, which can increase the distance between the arcs to prevent the arc from closing here.
  • the distance between the two groups of arc extinguishing plates is small, so that the arc can be transmitted between the two groups of arc extinguishing plates, and then the arc extinguishing can be realized by the cutting and cooling effect of the arc extinguishing plates.
  • a chamfer is provided at the edge of the end face of the movable contact used for setting the movable contact.
  • the drive assembly includes a drive mechanism and a linkage bracket, wherein the drive mechanism includes a moving iron core, a static iron core, a accommodating cavity for accommodating the moving iron core and the static iron core, and a A return spring between the moving iron core and the static iron core;
  • the linkage bracket includes a push rod and a support plate, one end of the push rod is axially fixed with the moving iron core, and the other end is fixedly connected with the support plate, and the support plate is away from the side of the push rod
  • a conductive bridge is provided, and the conductive bridge is connected with the movable contact; the push rod drives the conductive bridge to reciprocate in the direction away from or close to the static contact through the support plate under the action of the driving mechanism.
  • the contact assemblies are arranged in a distributed manner in a plane parallel to the support plate; the number of conductive bridges is two and is disposed separately; wherein, among the two contact assemblies
  • the movable contacts are correspondingly arranged at both ends of one conductive bridge, and the movable contacts in the other two contact assemblies are correspondingly arranged at both ends of the other conductive bridge.
  • the DC contactor further includes two magnetic frames of U-shaped structure, the openings of the two magnetic frames are arranged opposite and spaced apart, and surround the contact assemblies and the four contact assemblies in the circumferential direction.
  • An arc extinguishing assembly wherein, the opening direction of the magnetic frame is perpendicular to the length direction of the conductive bridge.
  • arc extinguishing magnets are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the magnetic frame.
  • the arc can be blown into the arc extinguishing assembly to further increase the stability of the arc extinguishing effect of the DC contactor.
  • a guide rod is provided on a side of the support plate away from the push rod, and the guide rod and the push rod are coaxially arranged.
  • an insulating member is provided between the two conductive bridges, so as to avoid a short circuit between the two conductive bridges.
  • the conductive bridge is elastically connected to the support plate to prevent the movable contact from hitting the stationary contact.
  • a buffer spring is provided between the conductive bridge and the support plate, the surface of the support plate facing the conductive bridge is provided with a protrusion, the surface of the conductive bridge facing the support plate is provided with a groove, and the buffer spring covers It is arranged on the protrusion and is accommodated in the groove.
  • the DC contactor further includes a vertical plate and a fixing plate for fixing the conductive bridge, the vertical plates are located on both sides of the conductive bridge and are fixed to the support plate, the fixing plate is erected on the vertical plate, and the conductive The bridge frame is in contact with the fixed plate under the action of the buffer spring.
  • the DC contactor further includes a first magnet conducting body and a second magnet conducting body that are separated in a direction perpendicular to the support plate; the first magnet conducting body is a U-shaped structure and the opening direction faces away from the support plate On one side, the first magnetic conductor is located between the two vertical plates on both sides of the conductive bridge, and the conductive bridge is fixedly connected with the first magnetic conductor; the second magnetic conductor is fixed on the side away from the support plate and is connected to the first magnetic conductor.
  • the openings are arranged relative to each other.
  • the bonding force between the movable contact and the stationary contact can be further improved, so that the The moving contact is in close contact with the static contact, which improves the reliability of the DC contactor connection.
  • the DC contactor further includes an assembling frame, the assembling frame is arranged outside the contact assembly and the arc extinguishing assembly, and the static contact is fixed on the assembling frame.
  • the assembling frame is arranged around the contact assembly and the arc extinguishing assembly, and each fixing component (such as a static contact, a second magnetic conductor, etc.) can be fixed on the assembling frame.
  • the DC contactor further includes an insulating base, and the insulating base is arranged between the driving mechanism and the support plate; wherein the automatic iron core of the push rod extends toward the contact assembly and passes through the insulating base Then connect to the support plate.
  • the insulating base By arranging the insulating base, the electrical isolation between the driving mechanism and the contact assembly can be achieved, and the electrical safety of the DC contactor can be further improved.
  • the fixing frame is fixed to the insulating base.
  • the assembling frame can also be fixedly connected to the insulating base.
  • the static iron core is located between the insulating base and the movable iron core.
  • the DC contactor further includes a casing, and the contact assembly, the arc extinguishing assembly and the driving assembly are all disposed in the cavity of the casing.
  • the housing prevents impurities from entering the interior of the DC contactor.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power distribution box, where the power distribution box includes the DC contactor of the embodiment of the present application. Since the power distribution box includes the DC contactor of the embodiment of the present application, on the basis that the DC contactor has a long service life and a simple structure, the power distribution box also has the characteristics of a long service life and a simple structure.
  • the power distribution box can be, for example, a fast-charging high-voltage power distribution box or a power distribution box of a battery pack.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power battery assembly, the power battery assembly includes a battery pack and a power distribution box according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the power distribution box is electrically connected to the battery pack.
  • the power battery assembly also has all the advantages of the DC contactor of the embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here.
  • the present application provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and a power battery assembly of an embodiment of the present application disposed in the vehicle body.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a DC contactor
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of some components of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a static contact provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the relative positions of a contact assembly and an arc extinguishing assembly according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the arc extinguishing plate according to an embodiment provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the arc extinguishing plate according to another embodiment provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of arc extinguishing plates according to another embodiment provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a linkage support provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembling frame provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the relative positional relationship between a magnetic frame and an arc extinguishing magnet provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the DC contactor can be arranged in the connection circuit of electrical equipment such as industrial equipment, new energy vehicles, and charging piles. Taking a new energy vehicle as an example, the voltage in the charging circuit is usually above 200VDC. At this time, the high-voltage DC contactor constitutes an important power distribution control device in the DC charging circuit of the new energy vehicle.
  • the current DC fast charging circuit whether it is the power supply side of the charging pile or the power distribution box (PDU) on the car, due to safety regulations (after the car is fully charged, there must be an isolation break between the charging port or the charging gun and the live power supply).
  • a high-voltage DC contactor should be installed on both the positive and negative pole lines, as shown in Figure 1, to ensure the safety of the charging circuit.
  • the moving contact and the static contact in the DC contactor are closed to realize the conduction of the positive and negative lines; after the charging is completed, the moving contact and the static contact are separated, and an isolation fracture is formed in the charging circuit to ensure Electrical safety.
  • an arc will be generated between the static contact and the moving contact when the current passes, and the generated arc will burn the static contact and the moving contact, which will cause the static contact and the service life of the moving contacts is reduced.
  • the existing DC contactor is usually a DC contactor with a sealed gas-filled arc extinguishing structure.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a DC contactor, which can be used for circuit control in a high-voltage circuit.
  • references in this specification to "one embodiment” or “some embodiments” and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application.
  • appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” “in other embodiments,” “in other embodiments,” etc. in various places in this specification are not necessarily All refer to the same embodiment, but mean “one or more but not all embodiments” unless specifically emphasized otherwise.
  • the terms “including”, “including”, “having” and their variants mean “including but not limited to” unless specifically emphasized otherwise.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC contactor according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the DC contactor includes a contact assembly 100 , an arc extinguishing assembly 200 and a driving assembly.
  • the contact assembly 100 includes a stationary contact 101 and a movable contact 102 arranged in pairs in the Z direction (as shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • a static contact 1011 is arranged at the end of the static contact 101, and an arc striking piece 103 is arranged around the static contact 1011.
  • the arc striking piece 103 may include an arc striking piece body 1031 and an arc striking pin 1032, and the arc striking pin 1032 is self-arcing
  • the edge of the chip body 1031 is formed to extend away from the stationary contact 1011 , and the arc striking pin 1032 is inserted into the arc extinguishing assembly 200 .
  • the arc striking piece body 1031 may be, but not limited to, an annular structure, and is in contact with the stationary contact 1011 .
  • the arc striking piece body 1031 can also be set to a semi-arc structure, or a partial sheet structure, as long as it is in contact with the static contact 1011 to form an electrical connection.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between the contact assembly 100 and the arc extinguishing assembly 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a movable contact 1021 is provided at the end of the movable contact 102 , and the stationary contact 1011 and the movable contact 1021 are arranged opposite to each other in the Z direction.
  • the arc striking sheet 103 with the arc striking pin 1032 around the static contact 1011, the arc generated during the closing and opening of the static contact 1011 and the movable contact 1021 can be separated from the static electricity.
  • the contact 1011 is transferred to the arc striking piece 103, and then transferred to the arc striking pin 1032, and the arc striking pin 1032 introduces the arc into the arc extinguishing assembly 200 to extinguish the arc, thereby realizing the protection of the static contact 1011, which can effectively avoid
  • the arc burns the stationary contact 1011 and the movable contact 1021, so that the conduction performance of the stationary contact 1011 and the movable contact 1021 is more stable.
  • the movable contact 102 includes a movable contact base, and the movable contact 1021 is disposed on the end face of the movable contact base facing the side of the stationary contact 101 .
  • a chamfer 1021a is provided at the edge of the end surface of the movable contact base for arranging the movable contact 1021, and the chamfer 1021a may be, for example, a circular arc chamfer.
  • the arc at the movable contact 1021 can be extended along the chamfer 1021a in the direction away from the stationary contact 1011, so that the arc is driven from the movable contact 1021 to the direction away from the stationary contact
  • the transmission in the direction of point 1011 can increase the transmission path of the arc.
  • the static contact 101 and the moving contact 102 are both conductive materials.
  • the base body of the static contact and the base of the moving contact are both oxygen-free copper
  • the static contact 1011 and the moving contact 1021 can be made of silver alloy contacts
  • the arc striking plate body 1031 and the arc striking plate Arc feet 1032 can be made of oxygen-free copper.
  • the position of the static contact 101 is fixed, the moving contact 102 is connected with the driving component, and the moving contact 102 can reciprocate along the Z direction under the action of the driving component, so as to realize the connection with the static contact 1011 closed or open.
  • the arc extinguishing assembly 200 when the arc extinguishing assembly 200 is specifically disposed, the arc extinguishing assembly 200 may be disposed on the peripheral side of the contact assembly 100 .
  • the arc striking pin 1032 is inserted into the arc extinguishing assembly 200 to introduce the arc generated during the closing and opening of the static contact 101 and the movable contact 102 into the arc extinguishing assembly 200 .
  • the arc extinguishing assembly 200 corresponding to each contact assembly 100 includes two fixing frames 201 , and the two fixing frames 201 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • Each fixing frame 201 is provided with a plurality of arc extinguishing plates 202 arranged at intervals.
  • the arc striking pin 1032 introduces the generated arc into the arc extinguishing assembly 200, and uses the arc extinguishing sheet 202 to cut and cool the arc, so as to achieve the purpose of arc extinguishing.
  • the stationary contact 1011 is always located between the two fixed frames 201 , and the movable contact 1021 reciprocates in the Z direction in a direction close to or away from the stationary contact 1011 in the area between the two fixed frames 201 .
  • the opening of the fixing frame 201 faces the contact assembly 100 so as to facilitate the insertion of the arc pin 1032 .
  • the number of the arcing pins 1032 is not limited to two, and may also be three, four, five or six, and so on.
  • the number of arc striking pins 1032 is greater than two, at least one arc striking pin 1032 is inserted into one fixing frame 201, and the remaining arc striking pins 1032 are inserted into another fixing frame 201 to introduce the arc into the arc extinguishing assembly 200.
  • one fixing frame 201 in the arc extinguishing assembly 200 may also be provided, and the fixing frame 201 may be continuously arranged along the peripheral side of the contact assembly 100 .
  • the number of arc striking pins 1032 can be set to one, and the arc pin 1032 can extend into the fixing frame 201 to introduce the arc into the fixing frame 201 .
  • the number of the arc striking pins 1032 may also be two or more, and the two or more arc striking pins 1032 all extend into the fixing frame 201 .
  • the arcing pin 1032 is bent and extended gradually from the plane where the stationary contact 1011 is located in a direction away from the movable contact 102 .
  • the arc striking pin 1032 is bent and extended in the direction away from the moving contact 102 , which can extend the transmission distance of the arc in the fixed frame 201 , and lengthens the spatial distance of the arc between the static contact 1011 and the moving contact 1021 in the Z direction, and further Effectively increase the arc extinguishing effect.
  • a reinforcing plate 203 may be provided on the inner side of the fixing frame 201 to prevent the frame body of the fixing frame 201 from being burnt through by the arc. Wherein, the reinforcing plate 203 may be disposed on the inner side of the fixing frame 201 at a position corresponding to the end of the arc-starting pin 1032 .
  • the direction from the static contact 101 to the moving contact 102 may refer to the Z direction shown in FIG. Arranged and fanned out.
  • the free end of the arc striking pin 1032 can be located between the top arc extinguishing plate 202 and the frame body of the fixing frame 201 .
  • the arc generated between the stationary contact 1011 and the movable contact 1021 can pass through more arc extinguishing sheets 202 in sequence, so as to achieve the purpose of effectively extinguishing the arc.
  • a plurality of arc extinguishing plates 202 are arranged in parallel in sequence. .
  • the arc extinguishing plate 202 is perpendicular to the Z direction.
  • the end of the arc striking pin 1032 may be located between the top arc extinguishing plate 202 and the fixing frame 201 .
  • FIG. 6 in another possible embodiment of the present application, from the direction from the static contact 101 to the fixed frame 201 , that is, the X direction shown in FIG. 6 , multiple arc extinguishing plates 202 are arranged in parallel in sequence. In this arrangement, the arc extinguishing plate 202 is perpendicular to the X direction.
  • the multiple arc-extinguishing sheets 202 can be arranged in two groups, wherein one group of the arc-extinguishing sheets 202 is arranged on the side of the static contact 101, and the other group of the arc-extinguishing sheets 202 It is arranged on the side of the movable contact 102 .
  • the two groups of arc extinguishing blades 202 are arranged separately. Continuing to refer to FIG. 6 , in a possible embodiment, the ends of each group of arc extinguishing blades 202 are flush.
  • the two sets of arc extinguishing plates 202 can be arranged up and down opposite to each other.
  • the two groups of arc extinguishing plates 202 can also be arranged in a staggered manner up and down.
  • the group of arc extinguishing plates 202 disposed on the circumferential side of the stationary contact 1011 from the stationary contact 1011 to the fixed frame 201 , the group The plurality of arc-extinguishing sheets 202 are arranged in a stepped shape; wherein, the ends of the arc-extinguishing sheets 202 in the group may protrude out of the plane where the stationary contact 1011 is located, or may not protrude.
  • the arc extinguishing plates 202 in the group are arranged in a stepped shape. It can be understood that, in addition to the above-mentioned setting method of the arc extinguishing plate 202 in the fixing frame 201, those skilled in the art can also adjust the setting method according to the specific usage scenario, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. This is not listed one by one.
  • the number of the contact assemblies 100 in the DC contactor of the embodiment of the present application is at least two, which are used as the connection points of the two breakpoints in the conductive lines of the same polarity.
  • the DC contactor may include four contact assemblies 100 , and the four contact assemblies 100 are grouped into two groups, wherein one group is used as a positive conduction switch, and the other group Turn on the switch as the negative pole.
  • the four contact assemblies 100 can be driven by the same driving assembly, so as to realize the simultaneous closing and opening of the four movable contacts 102 and the four stationary contacts 101 in the four contact assemblies 100 .
  • FIG. 8 is a partial cutaway structural diagram of a DC contactor according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the drive assembly may include a drive mechanism 31 and a linkage bracket 32 , and the linkage bracket 32 is connected to the drive The mechanism 31 is fixedly connected, and the movable contact 102 is fixedly connected to the linkage bracket 32 , whereby the linkage bracket 32 can drive the movable contact 102 to reciprocate in the Z direction under the action of the driving mechanism 31 .
  • the linkage bracket 32 may include a push rod 321 , a support plate 322 and a conductive bridge 323 . 2 and 8 together, when there are four contact assemblies 100 , two conductive bridges 323 are provided, and each conductive bridge 323 is used to conduct two of the contact assemblies 100 . It can be understood that the number of the above-mentioned contact assemblies 100 is only exemplary, wherein the number of the contact assemblies 100 may be more than four, and the same conductive bridge 323 may connect two or more contact assemblies 100 at the same time. When the same conductive bridge 323 is connected to more than two contact assemblies 100 at the same time, each static contact 101 can be used as an electrical connection point. on.
  • the conductive bridge 323 may be an elongated structure, wherein the two movable contacts 102 in the two contact assemblies 100 are fixedly connected to two ends of one conductive bridge 323 respectively, and the two movable contacts 102 in the other two contact assemblies 100 are respectively fixed and connected. Each movable contact 102 is fixedly connected to two ends of the other conductive bridge 323 respectively.
  • the two conductive bridges 323 can be arranged in parallel, and at the same time, the heights of the two conductive bridges 323 are the same, so that the four moving contacts 102 and the four stationary contacts 101 can be closed and disconnected simultaneously.
  • the movable contact 102 can be clamped with the conductive bridge 323, and can also be connected with the conductive bridge 323 by welding or riveting.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a linkage bracket 32 according to an embodiment of the present application. 8 and 9 together, the setting direction of the push rod 321 is consistent with the reciprocating motion direction of the movable contact 102.
  • the support plate 322 is a plate-like structure, such as a rectangular plate.
  • the plate surface setting direction of the support plate 322 is perpendicular to the Z direction, and is fixedly connected to the push rod 321 .
  • the push rod 321 can be connected with the support plate 322 by screw threads.
  • the side of the push rod 321 used for connecting with the support plate 322 can be provided with threads, and the support plate 322 is used for connecting with the push rod 321 There are threaded holes on one side.
  • the push rod 321 reciprocates in the Z direction, it can drive the support plate 322 to reciprocate in the Z direction.
  • one side of the conductive bridge 323 is connected to the support plate 322 , and the other side is used to connect the movable contact 102 . Therefore, when the support plate 322 moves in the Z direction, the conductive bridge 323 and the movable contact 102 can be driven to move in the Z direction.
  • a guide rod 324 is further provided on the side of the support plate 322 away from the push rod 321 , the guide rod 324 is disposed along the Z direction and is disposed coaxially with the push rod 321 .
  • the guide rod 324 can provide a guide for the movement of the support plate 322 when the push rod 321 moves.
  • a guide plate 3241 can also be provided on the peripheral side of the guide rod 324 , and the guide plate 3241 is parallel to the length direction of the conductive bridges 323 and located between the two conductive bridges 323 . When the push rod 321 moves, it can provide a guide for the movement of the support plate 322 .
  • the support plate 322 , the guide rod 324 and the guide plate 3241 may be integrally provided in a structure to reduce the assembly of various components. Meanwhile, since the guide rod 324 and the guide plate 3241 are disposed between the two conductive bridges 323 , both the guide rod 324 and the guide plate 3241 can be made of insulating material to improve the insulation between the two conductive bridges 323 .
  • the conductive bridge 323 and the support plate 322 may be connected by an elastic member, for example, a buffer spring may be provided between the conductive bridge 323 and the support plate 322 325.
  • a buffer spring may be provided between the conductive bridge 323 and the support plate 322 325.
  • an annular groove or a cylindrical protrusion may be provided on the side of the conductive bridge 323 facing the support plate 322, and one end of the buffer spring 325 is placed in the annular groove Or sleeved on the columnar protrusion.
  • the side of the support plate 322 facing the conductive bridge 323 can also be provided with an annular groove or a cylindrical protrusion, and the other end of the buffer spring 325 can be placed in the annular groove or sleeved on the cylindrical protrusion to reduce buffering.
  • a buffer spring 325 can be arranged between each conductive bridge 323 and the support plate 322. At this time, the buffer spring 325 can be arranged in the middle of the conductive bridge 323, so that the moving contacts 102 connected to both ends of the conductive bridge 323 It can be closed or opened with the corresponding static contacts 101 at the same time.
  • the number of the buffer springs 325 may not be limited to one. When two or more buffer springs 325 are provided, it is necessary to ensure that the positions of the plurality of buffer springs 325 are arranged so that the movable contacts 102 on the conductive bridge 323 can simultaneously closure.
  • vertical plates 326 are provided on both sides of each buffer spring 325 in a direction perpendicular to the length of the conductive bridge 323 , and the vertical plates 326 are perpendicular to the support plate 322 and fixedly connected with the support plate 322 .
  • the top of the vertical plate 326 is provided with a slot 326a.
  • a fixing plate 327 is disposed between the two vertical plates 326 .
  • the conductive bridge 323 abuts against the fixing plate 327 under the action of the buffer spring 325 .
  • a first magnetic conductor 328 and a second magnetic conductor 329 are arranged at intervals along the Z direction.
  • the first magnet conducting body 328 is located in the accommodating space formed by the vertical plate 326 and the fixing plate 327 .
  • the first magnetic conductor 328 can be a U-shaped structure, the conductive bridge 323 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the first magnetic conductor 328, such as by riveting, the opening direction of the first magnetic conductor 328 faces the side away from the support plate 322, and the buffer spring 325 is located at the bottom of the first magnetic conductor 328.
  • the second magnetic conductor 329 is located on the opening side of the first magnetic conductor 328 and is fixedly arranged. In this way, when the static contact 101 and the movable contact 102 are in a closed conduction state, a current flows through the conductive bridge 323. At this time, a magnetic field will be generated in the circumferential direction of the conductive bridge 323, and the generated magnetic field will be generated in the first conductive bridge 323. An attractive force is generated between the magnet 328 and the second magnet conducting body 329 , so that the first magnet conducting body 328 moves toward the direction of the second magnet conducting body 329 , so that the contact between the stationary contact 101 and the moving contact 102 is tighter.
  • the two conductive bridges 323 can respectively conduct the positive circuit and the negative circuit respectively. Therefore, the conductive bridges 323 need to be made of conductive materials, for example, the conductive bridges 323 made of oxygen-free copper can be selected. In addition, the two conductive bridges 323 should also be provided with insulation. Therefore, the support plate 322 can be made of insulating material, for example, PET material.
  • an insulating plate may be provided between the two conductive bridges 323 , and the insulating plate may be integrally provided with the support plate 322 .
  • the DC contactor further includes an insulating base 35 , the insulating base 35 is located between the magnetic pole plate 34 and the support plate 322 , and the drive mechanism 31 and the contact assembly can be realized by arranging the insulating base 35 100 and the electrical isolation between the drive mechanism 31 and the conductive bridge 323 to ensure electrical safety and prevent short circuits.
  • the push rod 321 is fixedly connected to the support plate 322 through the magnetic pole plate 34 and the insulating base 35 .
  • the insulating base 35 is made of insulating material, such as a PET insulating base.
  • the side of the insulating base 35 facing the support plate 322 is provided with mounting holes or mounting clips for fixing components such as the fixing frame 201 in the arc extinguishing assembly 200 .
  • the driving mechanism 31 includes a moving iron core 311 and a static iron core 312 arranged in sequence along the Z direction, and a coil 314 arranged around the moving iron core 311 and the static iron core 312 , wherein a return spring 313 is arranged between the moving iron core 311 and the static iron core 312 .
  • the coil 314 will generate a magnetic field
  • the movable iron core 311 and the static iron core 312 will generate attraction or repulsion, thereby driving the movable iron core 311 to move.
  • the moving iron core 311 moves to the initial position by the return spring 313 .
  • the movable iron core 311 is fixedly connected with the push rod 321 , so that when the movable iron core 311 moves, the push rod 321 can be driven to move.
  • the static iron core 312 in the disposition direction of the push rod 321 , the static iron core 312 is disposed on the side close to the support plate 322 , the movable iron core 311 is disposed on the side away from the support plate 322 , and the push rod 321 After one end is fixedly connected to the support plate 322 , the other end is fixedly connected to the movable iron core 311 through the static iron core 312 .
  • the return spring 313 disposed between the static iron core 312 and the movable iron core 311 is sleeved on the push rod 321 .
  • a positioning step is provided inside the through hole of the static iron core 312 for the push rod 321 to pass through, and a part of the return spring 313 is located in the through hole and its end is connected to the positioning step. touch.
  • the push rod 321 can also be passed through the movable iron core 311, and a positioning step can also be set in the through hole of the movable iron core 311 for passing the push rod 321.
  • the return spring 313 is in contact with the movable iron core 311. One end is located in the through hole of the movable iron core 311 and abuts with the positioning step in the movable iron core 311 .
  • the moving iron core 311 , the static iron core 312 and the coil 314 are located in a U-shaped accommodating cavity formed by the yoke 33 .
  • the two opposite side walls and the bottom plate of the U-shaped accommodating cavity are formed by the yoke 33 , and a pole plate 34 is provided at the top opening of the U-shaped accommodating cavity, that is, the separation between the support plate 322 and the static iron core 312 .
  • the static iron core 312 is fixedly connected to the magnetic pole plate 34 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the DC contactor according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the DC contactor according to an embodiment of the application further includes a circuit board 36 for supplying power to the coil 314 .
  • the board 36 can be disposed at the side opening of the U-shaped accommodating cavity and block the side opening of the U-shaped accommodating cavity.
  • the circuit board 36 can be, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB), and the circuit board 36 Electrical connection with coil 314 is used to provide power input to coil 314 .
  • the DC contactor further includes a terminal 37 for connecting to an external circuit, the circuit board 36 is connected to the terminal 37 through a lead wire, and the terminal 37 is used for connecting an external power supply and other devices.
  • a DC contactor further includes an assembly frame 11 , and the assembly frame 11 includes a frame side plate 111 and a frame top plate 112 , and the frame side plate 111 and the frame top plate 112 can be It is an integral molding structure, and its material can be, but not limited to, plastic.
  • the frame side plate 111 is arranged around the outside of the contact assembly 100 and the arc extinguishing assembly 200 along the circumference of the insulating base 35 , and is fixedly connected to the insulating base 35 , for example, can be clamped to the insulating base 35 .
  • the frame body top plate 112 is disposed on one side of the static contact 101 and is perpendicular to the frame body side plate 111 .
  • Components such as the contact assembly 100 , the arc extinguishing assembly 200 , the conductive bridge 323 and the support plate 322 are arranged in the space enclosed by the assembly frame 11 and the insulating base 35 .
  • the static contact 101 can be fixedly connected with the frame top plate 112 .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembly frame 11 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the frame top plate 112 is provided with a guide hole 1121 for passing the guide rod 324 .
  • the side wall of the guide hole 1121 can extend from the surface of the frame top plate 112 to the direction of the support plate 322 . In this way, the guide rod 324 can pass through the guide hole 1121 .
  • the assembly frame 11 may further be provided with a partition plate 113 , and the partition plate 113 is disposed between the two conductive bridges 323 and is parallel to the length direction of the conductive bridges 323 .
  • the partition plate 113 is provided with a guide groove (not shown in the figure) that cooperates with the guide plate 3241.
  • the guide plate 3241 can move in the guide groove, so as to make the support plate 322 move.
  • the orientation is more stable, preventing it from skewing during movement.
  • the assembling frame 11 is also provided with a clip for connecting the second magnet conducting body 329 , so that the second magnet conducting body 329 can be fixedly connected to the assembling frame body 11 .
  • a wire slot 1111 may be provided on the side plate 111 of the frame body for installing a circuit to realize the electrical connection between the circuit board 36 and the connection terminal 37 .
  • the DC contactor according to an embodiment of the present application further includes two magnetic frames 21 of U-shaped structure, the openings of the two magnetic frames 21 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two magnetic frames 21 are separated from each other. Without contact, the openings of the two magnetic frames 21 are separated from each other.
  • Each magnetic frame 21 surrounds two contact assemblies 100 , that is, one of the magnetic frames 21 surrounds the two contact assemblies 100 for positive conduction, and the other magnetic frame 21 surrounds two contact assemblies for negative conduction 100.
  • the magnetic frame 21 and the arc extinguishing magnet 22 can be fixedly mounted on the frame body side plate 111 of the assembly frame body 11 .
  • the frame side plate 111 may include a first groove body 1112 and a second groove body 1113 , wherein the first groove body 1112 is used for installing the arc extinguishing magnet 22 , and the second groove body 1113 is used for installing the magnetic frame 21 .
  • corresponding fixing members 1114 may be provided in the first groove body 1112 and the second groove body 1113 for fixing the magnetic frame 21 and the arc extinguishing magnet 22 , wherein the fixing members 1114 may be clips or the like.
  • the fixing member 1114 shown in FIG. 11 is only an exemplary illustration, and the fixing member 1114 can be a threaded connection member or the like in addition to a clipping member.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the relative position structure of the magnetic frame 21 and the conductive bridge 323.
  • the two conductive bridges 323 are respectively located at the openings of the two magnetic frames 21, and the length direction of the conductive bridge 323 is perpendicular to The opening direction of the magnetic frame 21 .
  • the inner walls of the magnetic frame 21 are respectively provided with arc extinguishing magnets 22 .
  • the polarity of one arc extinguishing magnet 22 is arranged in the same direction as the polarity of the other arc extinguishing magnet 22 . Exemplarily, as shown in FIG.
  • the polarities of the two arc extinguishing magnets 22 may be from the S pole to the N pole, Or can be from N pole to S pole.
  • the magnetic field lines of one arc-extinguishing magnet M1 are transmitted from the N pole to the S pole of the other arc-extinguishing magnet M2 along the length direction of the conductive bridge 323, and the magnetic field lines of the arc-extinguishing magnet M2 It is transmitted from the N pole to the S pole of the arc extinguishing magnet M1 along the magnetic frame 21 .
  • the magnetic field lines between the two arc extinguishing magnets 22 form a closed loop through the magnetic frame 21 .
  • the arc will be blown into one of the fixed frames 201 of the arc extinguishing assembly 200 under the action of the magnetic field line of the closed loop, so that the arc of the arc is elongated, Further improve the arc extinguishing effect.
  • the length direction of the conductive bridge 323 is perpendicular to the setting direction X of the two fixing frames 201 , so that the arc enters the fixing frame 201 under the action of magnetic force to realize the magnetic blowing out the arc.
  • the arc-extinguishing pin 1032, the arc-extinguishing sheet 202 and the magnetic blowing method can be used to extinguish the arc, so that the DC contactor can achieve effective arc-extinguishing in a non-sealed state, so that the DC contactor has strong breaking capacity and high electrical At the same time, it can reduce the use of arc extinguishing gas, simplify the sealing setting of the DC contactor, and reduce the manufacturing cost of the DC contactor.
  • the arc can be blown into the arc extinguishing assembly 200, which can realize non-polar arc extinguishing and reduce DC The selectivity of the contactor's use process.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a DC contactor according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the DC contactor further includes a housing 10 , a contact assembly 100 , an arc extinguishing assembly 200 , a magnetic frame 21 , and an arc extinguishing
  • the magnet 22 , the driving mechanism 31 , the linkage bracket 32 , the assembling frame 11 and the like are all provided in the casing 10 .
  • the static contacts 101 in the contact assembly 100 may protrude out of the housing 10 for connecting to external circuits.
  • the connection terminal 37 is drawn out from the assembly frame 11 to the outside of the housing 10 , and is used for connecting an external power supply line to provide an input current to the coil 314 .
  • the DC contactor is used as a circuit control switch, two of the static contacts 101 can be used as positive connection points, and the other two static contacts 101 can be used as negative connection points.
  • the DC contactor of this embodiment includes four contact assemblies 100 , wherein the static contacts C1 and C2 are defined as positive connection points, and the static contacts D1 and D2 are defined as negative connection points.
  • the PCB supplies power to the coil 314 , and after the coil 314 generates a magnetic field line, the moving iron core 311 moves upward.
  • the movable iron core 311 drives the support plate 322 and the conductive bridge 323 to move upward through the push rod 321 , and the conductive bridge 323 drives the movable contact 102 to move upward, so that the movable contact 1021 contacts the stationary contact 1011 .
  • the two positive connection points of C1 and C2 are connected, and the two negative connection points of D1 and D2 are connected, thereby realizing the simultaneous conduction of the positive and negative electrodes in the same circuit.
  • the PCB circuit board stops supplying power to the coil 314.
  • the moving iron core 311 returns to the initial position under the action of the return spring 313, and then the push rod 321 drives the support plate 322, the conductive bridge 323 and the moving iron core 311.
  • the contact 102 moves downward to separate the movable contact 1021 from the stationary contact 1011, thereby realizing the disconnection of the circuit.
  • the DC contactor of the embodiment of the present application by providing a plurality of contact assemblies 100, for example, by providing four contact assemblies 100, a bipolar linkage of positive and negative electrodes can be realized through one driving mechanism 31, thereby reducing the direct current Due to the volume and manufacturing cost of the contactor, the DC contactor of the embodiment of the present application has the advantages of small size and low manufacturing cost.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a power distribution box, where the power distribution box includes the DC contactor of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the power distribution box has all the advantages of the DC contactor in the embodiment of the present application, and details are not repeated here.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a power battery assembly, which includes a battery pack and the power distribution box of the embodiments of the present application. 1 , in which the battery pack in the power battery assembly is electrically connected to a power distribution box, and the battery pack is connected to an external power line (eg, a charging pile) through the power distribution box.
  • an external power line eg, a charging pile
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle including a vehicle body and the power battery assembly of the embodiment of the present application disposed in the vehicle body. Due to the small size of the DC contactor, the space occupied in the vehicle body can be reduced.
  • the DC contactor of the embodiments of the present application can also be used for the power supply side of the electrical equipment in the industry, so as to control the power-on operation of the electrical equipment.

Abstract

本申请提供了一种直流接触器、配电盒、动力电池总成与车辆。该直流接触器包括触头组件、灭弧组件和驱动组件；其中，灭弧组件置于触头组件的周侧；触头组件包括成对设置的动触头和静触头，动触头包括动触点，静触头包括静触点和围绕静触点设置的引弧片，引弧片用于将动触头与静触头之间产生的电弧引入灭弧组件；驱动组件，用于驱动动触点与静触点闭合或断开。该直流接触器具有使用寿命长，结构和装配工艺简单的优点。

Description

一种直流接触器、配电盒、动力电池总成与车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年09月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010981738.6、申请名称为“一种直流接触器、配电盒、动力电池总成与车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及接触器领域，具体涉及一种直流接触器、配电盒、动力电池总成与车辆。
背景技术
接触器是常用的一种电气开关，应用范围非常广泛，如：工业设备、电动汽车、充电桩等设备中均可以用到接触器，其工作原理是通过控制静触点和动触点的闭合和断开来实现电路的开关。
但是在接触器的闭合和断开过程中，电流通过时会在静触点与动触点之间产生电弧，产生的电弧会灼烧静触点和动触点，从而降低静触点和动触点的使用寿命。接触器可分为直流接触器和交流接触器，现有的直流接触器通常为密封充气式灭弧结构的直流接触器。该结构的直流接触器，其可用于工作电压在200VDC以上的电路中。但是该结构的直流接触器中，需要保证严格的密封性才能进行有效的灭弧，因此，密封充气灭弧的接触器，其结构和装配工艺较为复杂。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种直流接触器、配电盒、动力电池总成与车辆，以延长直流接触器的使用寿命，简化直流接触器的结构。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种直流接触器，该直流接触器包括触头组件、灭弧组件和驱动组件。其中，灭弧组件置于触头组件的周侧；触头组件包括成对设置的动触头和静触头，动触头包括动触点，静触头包括静触点和围绕静触点设置的引弧片，引弧片用于将动触头与静触头之间产生的电弧引入灭弧组件；驱动组件，用于驱动动触点与静触点闭合或断开。
本申请的直流接触器，通过在静触点周围设置引弧片，可是静触点与动触点在闭合和断开过程中产的电弧由静触点转移到引弧片，再由引弧片将电弧引入灭弧组件中进行灭弧，进而实现对静触点的保护作用，可有效避免电弧对静触点和动触点进行灼烧，从而延长直流接触器的使用寿命。同时，该直流接触器不需要填充灭弧气体，可以敞开式结构，因此，该直流接触器的结构更为简单，同时，简化了直流接触器的装配工艺。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，引弧片包括引弧片本体和引弧脚，引弧脚自引弧片本体向远离静触点延伸并插入灭弧组件内。通过设置引弧脚，更便于将引弧片插入到灭弧组件中，以通过引弧脚将电弧引入到灭弧组件中的特定位置。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，引弧脚自静触点所在平面逐渐向背离动触头的方向弯 折延伸，以将电弧引向背离动触点的方向，拉长静触点与动触点之间的电弧的距离。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，灭弧组件包括两个间隔且相对设置的固定框，所述静触点位于两个所述固定框之间，两个固定框内均设有多片间隔设置的灭弧片；引弧脚为至少两个，且至少一个引弧脚插设于其中一个固定框内，剩余引弧脚插设于另一个固定框内。通过设置两个固定框，并在每个固定框内设置灭弧片，无论流经静触点和动触点的方向如何，都可以将电弧引入灭弧组件内进行灭弧。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，引弧脚的自由端位于固定框的内侧面与端部灭弧片之间，以进一步增大电弧的传输距离。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，固定框的内侧面与引弧脚相对应的位置设有加强板，以避免电弧烧伤损坏固定框。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，自静触头至动触头的方向，多片灭弧片依次排列，且呈扇形排布，以进一步增加电弧的传输距离。
在本申请另一种可能的实施例中，自静触头至动触头的方向，多片灭弧片依次平行设置。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，自静触头至固定框的方向，多片灭弧片依次平行设置；多片灭弧片分为两组，在自静触头至动触头的方向，两组灭弧片分离设置。该结构中，形成与静触点和动触点之间的电弧可依次经过两组灭弧片，从而能够进一步增加灭弧效果。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，设置于静触点的周向侧部的一组灭弧片中，至少一片灭弧片的端部凸出于静触点所在的平面。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，设置于静触点的周向侧部的一组灭弧片中，自静触点至固定框方向，该组内的多片灭弧片呈阶梯状排列；设置于动触点的周向侧部的一组灭弧片中，自动触点至固定框方向，该组内的多片灭弧片呈阶梯状排列。该结构中，在靠近静触点和动触点处，两组灭弧片之间的距离较大，可增大电弧之间的距离，以避免电弧在此处闭合，另外，在远离静触点和动触点处，两组灭弧片之间的距离较小，可以使电弧在两组灭弧片之间传输，进而利用灭弧片的切割和冷却作用实现灭弧。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，动触头用于设置动触点的端面边缘处设有倒角。通过设置倒角，可以使动触点处产生的电弧顺着倒角向背离静触点的方向延伸传输。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，驱动组件包括驱动机构和联动支架，其中，驱动机构包括动铁芯、静铁芯、用于容纳动铁芯和静铁芯的容纳腔、以及设置于动铁芯与静铁芯之间的复位弹簧；联动支架包括推杆和支撑板，推杆的一端与动铁芯轴向固定，另一端与支撑板固定连接，支撑板远离推杆的一侧设有导电桥架，导电桥架与动触头连接；推杆在驱动机构的作用下通过支撑板带动导电桥架在远离或靠近静触头的方向往复运动。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，触头组件为四个，且触头组件在平行于支撑板的平面内分布设置；导电桥架为两个且分离设置；其中两个触头组件中的动触头对应设置于一个导电桥架的两端，另外两个触头组件中的动触头对应设置于另一个导电桥架的两端。通过设置四个触头组件，可以在电路控制中实现正极和负极的同时导通。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，直流接触器还包括两个U型结构的磁框架，两个磁框架的开口相对且间隔设置，且沿四个触头组件周向包围触头组件和灭弧组件；其中，磁框架的开口方向垂直于导电桥架的长度方向。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，在任一导电桥架的长度方向，磁框架的内侧对称设置 有灭弧磁体。通过设置磁框架和灭弧磁体，可以将电弧吹入灭弧组件中，以进一步增加直流接触器灭弧效果的稳定性。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，支撑板远离推杆的一侧设有导向杆，导向杆与推杆共轴线设置。通过设置导向杆，可以限定支撑板运动的稳定性，防止其在运动过程中产生晃动。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，两个导电桥架之间设有绝缘部件，以避免两个导电桥架之间出现短路。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，导电桥架与支撑板弹性连接，以避免动触头撞击静触头。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，导电桥架与支撑板之间设有缓冲弹簧，支撑板面向导电桥架的表面设有凸起，导电桥架面向支撑板的表面设有凹槽，缓冲弹簧套设于凸起，且容置与凹槽。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，直流接触器还包括用于固定导电桥架的立板和固定板，立板位于导电桥架的两侧且固定于支撑板，固定板架设于立板，导电桥架在缓冲弹簧的作用下与固定板抵接。通过设置立板和固定板，可以提高导电桥架装配的稳定性。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，直流接触器还包括在垂直支撑板的方向分离设置的第一导磁体和第二导磁体；第一导磁体为U型结构且开口方向朝向背离支撑板的一侧，第一导磁体位于导电桥架两侧的两个立板之间，导电桥架与第一导磁体固定连接；第二导磁体固定于远离支撑板的一侧且与第一导磁体的开口相对设置。通过设置第一导磁体和第二导磁体，并利用导电桥架在通电状态下第一导磁体和第二导磁体之间的吸引力，可以进一步提高动触点和静触点的结合力，使动触点紧密接触静触点，提高直流接触器连接的可靠性。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，直流接触器还包括装配框体，装配框体围设在触头组件和灭弧组件的外部，静触头固定于装配框体。该装配框架围绕触头组件和灭弧组件设置，可将各固定部件(例如静触头、第二导磁体等部件)固定于该装配框体上。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，直流接触器还包括绝缘底座，绝缘底座设置于驱动机构与支撑板之间；其中，推杆自动铁芯向触头组件方向延伸，并穿过绝缘底座后与支撑板连接。通过设置绝缘底座，可以实现驱动机构和触头组件之间的电气隔离，进一步提高直流接触器的电气安全性。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，固定框固定于绝缘底座。另外，装配框体也可以固定连接于该绝缘底座。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，所述静铁芯位于所述绝缘底座与所述动铁芯之间。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，直流接触器还包括壳体，触头组件、灭弧组件和驱动组件均设置于壳体的腔体内。该壳体可防止杂质进入直流接触器内部。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种配电盒，该配电盒包括本申请实施例的直流接触器。该配电盒由于包括本申请实施例的直流接触器，在直流接触器具有使用寿命长、结构简单的基础上，该配电盒也具有使用寿命长和结构简单的特点。该配电盒例如可以为快充的高压配电盒或电池包的配电盒。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种动力电池总成，该动力电池总成包括电池包和本申请实施例的配电盒，其中，配电盒与电池包电连接。该动力电池总成也具有本申请实施例的直流接触器的全部优点，在此不再赘述。
第四方面，本申请提供一种车辆，该车辆包括车体和设置于车体内的本申请实施例的动力电池总成。
附图说明
图1为一种直流接触器的应用场景示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器的部分构件的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种静触头的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种触头组件和灭弧组件相对位置的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种实施例的灭弧片的排列结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种实施例的灭弧片的排列结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的又一种实施例的灭弧片的排列结构示意图；
图8本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器的局部剖面结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种联动支架的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器的装配结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种装配框体的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种磁框架和灭弧磁体的相对位置关系结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器的外观结构示意图。
附图标记：10-壳体；11-装配框体；111-框体侧板；1111-线槽；1112-第一槽体；1113-第二槽体；1114-固定件；112-框体顶板；1121-导向孔；113-分隔板；100-触头组件；101-静触头；1011-静触点；102-动触头；1021-动触点；103-引弧片；1031-引弧片本体；1032-引弧脚；200-灭弧组件；201-固定框；202-灭弧片；203-加强板；1021a-倒角；21-磁框架；22-灭弧磁体；31-驱动机构；311-动铁芯；312-静铁芯；313-复位弹簧；314-线圈；32-联动支架；321-推杆；322-支撑板；323-导电桥架；324-导向杆；3241-导向板；325-缓冲弹簧；326-立板；326a-卡槽；327-固定板；328-第一导磁体；329-第二导磁体；33-轭铁；34-磁极板；35-绝缘底座；36-电路板；37-接线端子。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
为了方便理解本申请实施例提供的直流接触器，首先说明一下其应用场景。该直流接触器可设置于工业设备、新能源汽车、充电桩等用电设备的连接电路中。以新能源汽车为例，其充电电路中的电压通常在200VDC以上，此时，高压直流接触器构成了新能源汽车直流充电回路的重要配电控制器件。当前直流快充回路中，无论是充电桩电源侧，还是汽车上的配电盒(PDU)里面，由于安规要求(汽车完成充电后，充电口或充电枪与带电电源之间必须有隔离断口)，正负两极线路都需各安装一个高压直流接触器，如图1所示，以保证充电电路的安全性。充电状态下，直流接触器中的动触点和静触点闭合，实现正负极线路的导通；充电完成后，动触点和静触点分离，在充电电路中形成隔离断口，以保证电气安全性。但是在直流接触器的闭合和断开过程中，电流通过时会在静触点与动触点之 间产生电弧，产生的电弧会灼烧静触点和动触点，其会导致静触点和动触点的使用寿命降低。现有的直流接触器通常为密封充气式灭弧结构的直流接触器。但是该结构的直流接触器中，需要保证严格的密封性才能进行有效的灭弧，因此，密封充气灭弧的直流接触器，其结构和装配工艺较为复杂。为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种直流接触器，该直流接触器可用于高压电路中实现电路控制。
以下实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定实施例的目的，而并非旨在作为对本申请的限制。如在本申请的说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，单数表达形式“一个”、“一种”、“所述”、“上述”、“该”和“这一”旨在也包括例如“一个或多个”这种表达形式，除非其上下文中明确地有相反指示。
在本说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”等意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此，在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例，而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及它们的变形都意味着“包括但不限于”，除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。
图2为本申请一种实施例的直流接触器的结构示意图，如图2所示，该直流接触器包括触头组件100、灭弧组件200和驱动组件。一并参照图3，在本申请的一种实施例中，触头组件100包括在Z方向(如图2中所示)成对设置的静触头101和动触头102。静触头101端部设有静触点1011，静触点1011周围设有引弧片103，该引弧片103可以包括引弧片本体1031和引弧脚1032，引弧脚1032自引弧片本体1031的边缘向远离静触点1011的方向延伸形成，并且引弧脚1032插入灭弧组件200中。其中，引弧片本体1031可以但不限于为环形结构，并且与静触点1011接触连接。引弧片本体1031除了可以设置为环形结构外，还可以设置为半弧形结构，或者局部片状结构均可，只要与静触点1011接触形成电连接即可。
图4为本申请一种实施例中触头组件100与灭弧组件200的相对位置关系示意图。如图4所示，动触头102端部设有动触点1021，静触点1011与动触点1021在Z方向相对设置。
本申请实施例的直流接触器，通过在静触点1011周围设置具有引弧脚1032的引弧片103，可使静触点1011与动触点1021在闭合和断开过程中产的电弧由静触点1011转移到引弧片103，再转移至引弧脚1032，并由引弧脚1032将电弧引入灭弧组件200中进行灭弧，进而实现对静触点1011的保护作用，可有效避免电弧对静触点1011和动触点1021进行灼烧，使静触点1011和动触点1021的导通性能更稳定。
参照图4，在本申请的一种实施例中，动触头102包括动触头基体，动触点1021设置在该动触头基体的面向静触头101一侧的端面。该动触头基体的用于设置动触点1021的端面边缘处设有倒角1021a，该倒角1021a例如可以为圆弧倒角。通过在动触头102的端面设置倒角1021a，可使动触点1021处的电弧沿着该倒角1021a向背离静触点1011的方向延伸，以使电弧从动触点1021向背离静触点1011的方向传输，进而可增加电弧的传输路径。
可以理解的是，静触头101与动触头102闭合后要实现电路连通作用，因此，静触头101和动触头102均为导电材料。在本申请一种可选实施例中，静触头基体和动触头基体 均为无氧铜，静触点1011和动触点1021均可选用银合金触点，引弧片本体1031和引弧脚1032可选用无氧铜。
本申请实施例中，静触头101位置固定不动，动触头102与驱动组件连接，且动触头102能够在驱动组件的作用下沿Z方向往复运动，以实现与静触点1011的闭合或断开。
参照图4，在具体设置灭弧组件200时，灭弧组件200可以设置于触头组件100的周侧。其中，引弧脚1032插入灭弧组件200内，以将静触头101和动触头102闭合和断开过程中产生的电弧引入灭弧组件200中。
一并参照图2和图4，在本申请一种实施例中，与每一触头组件100对应设置的灭弧组件200包括两个固定框201，该两个固定框201相对设置，在每个固定框201内设有多片间隔设置的灭弧片202。引弧脚1032将产生的电弧引入灭弧组件200中，利用灭弧片202切断和冷却电弧，从而达到灭弧的目的。该结构中，静触点1011始终位于两个固定框201之间，动触点1021在两固定框201之间的区域内，在Z方向，沿靠近或远离静触点1011的方向往复运动。其中，固定框201的开口面朝向触头组件100，以方便插入引弧脚1032。
继续参照图4，在本申请一种实施例中，引弧脚1032为两个，其中一个引弧脚1032插入其中一个固定框201内，另一个引弧脚1032插入另一个固定框201内。可以理解的是，引弧脚1032的数量并不局限于两个，还可以为三个、四个、五个或六个等等。当引弧脚1032的数量大于两个时，至少一个引弧脚1032插设于一个固定框201内，其余引弧脚1032要插设于另一固定框201内，以将电弧引入灭弧组件200中。
除上述结构外，在本申请的另一可能的实施例中，灭弧组件200中的固定框201还可以设置为一个，该固定框201可沿触头组件100的周侧连续布置。该结构中，引弧脚1032的数量可以设置为一个，并伸入至固定框201内，以将电弧引入固定框201内。此时，引弧脚1032的数量也可以为两个或两个以上，该两个或两个以上的引弧脚1032均伸入至固定框201内。
继续参照图4，在本申请中一种实施例中，引弧脚1032自静触点1011所在平面逐渐向背离动触头102的方向弯折延伸。引弧脚1032向背离动触头102方向弯折延伸，可延长电弧在固定框201内的传输距离，在Z方向使静触点1011与动触点1021之间电弧的空间距离拉长，进而有效增加灭弧效果。
如图4所示，在本申请一种实施例中，引弧脚1032插入固定框201后，其自由端位于固定框201的内侧面与靠近该内侧面的灭弧片202之间。该设置结构，可使产生的电弧穿越更多的灭弧片202，从而有效提高灭弧效果。另外，在固定框201的内侧面可以设置加强板203，以防止固定框201的框体被电弧灼伤烧穿。其中，加强板203的可以设置在固定框201的内侧面与引弧脚1032的端部相对应的位置。
一并参照图2和图4，在本申请的一种实施例中，自静触头101至动触头102的方向，可参照图2中所示的Z方向，多片灭弧片202依次排列，且呈扇形排布。该结构中，引弧脚1032的自由端可位于顶部灭弧片202与固定框201的框体之间。这样，静触点1011与动触点1021之间的产生的电弧能够依次经过更多的灭弧片202，从而达到有效灭弧的目的。
如图5所示，在本申请另一种可能的实施例中，自静触头101至动触头102的方向，即图5中所示的Z方向，多片灭弧片202依次平行设置。该设置结构中，灭弧片202与Z方向垂直。其中，引弧脚1032的端部可位于顶部灭弧片202与固定框201之间。
如图6所示，在本申请另一种可能的实施例中，自静触头101至固定框201的方向，即图6中所示的X方向，多片灭弧片202依次平行设置。该设置结构中，灭弧片202与X方向垂直。其中，当灭弧片202与X方向垂直设置时，多片灭弧片202可分为两组设置，其中一组灭弧片202设置在静触头101侧部，另一组灭弧片202设置在动触头102的侧部。在静触头101至动触头102的方向，该两组灭弧片202分离设置。继续参照图6，在一种可能的实施例中，每组灭弧片202端部齐平。该结构中，两组灭弧片202可上下相对设置。除图6所示的上下相对设置方式外，两组灭弧片202还可以上下交错设置。
在本申请一种可能的实施例中，在设置于静触点1011的周向侧部的一组灭弧片202中，任一灭弧片202的端部凸出于静触点1011所在的平面，该结构可有效截断并冷却电弧。
如图7所示，在本申请另一种可能的实施例中，设置于静触点1011的周向侧部的一组灭弧片202中，自静触点1011至固定框201方向，该组内的多个灭弧片202呈阶梯状排列；其中，该组内的灭弧片202的端部可凸出于静触点1011所在的平面，也可以不凸出。在动触点1021侧部的一组灭弧片202中，自动触点1021至固定框201方向，该组内的多个灭弧片202呈阶梯状排列。可以理解的是，除了上述灭弧片202在固定框201中的设置方式外，本领域技术人员还可以根据具体使用场景对其设置方式进行调整，其均在本申请的保护范围之内，在此不进行一一列举。
为了实现电路闭合和断开的作用，本申请实施例的直流接触器中的触头组件100的数量为至少两个，以作为同一极性导电线路中的两个断点的连接点。参照图2，在本申请一种可能的实施例中，直流接触器可包括四个触头组件100，该四个触头组件100两两分组，其中一组作为正极导通开关，另一组作为负极导通开关。其中，该四个触头组件100可由同一驱动组件进行驱动，以实现四个触头组件100中的四个动触头102与四个静触头101的同时闭合和断开。
图8为本申请一种实施例直流接触器的局部剖切结构示意图，参照图8，在本申请的一种实施例中，驱动组件可包括驱动机构31和联动支架32，联动支架32与驱动机构31固定连接，动触头102与联动支架32固定连接，由此，联动支架32能够在驱动机构31的作用下带动动触头102沿Z方向往复运动。
继续参照图8，在本申请的一种实施例中，联动支架32可包括推杆321、支撑板322和导电桥架323。其中，一并参照图2和图8，当触头组件100为四个时，导电桥架323设置为两个，每个导电桥架323用于导通其中两个触头组件100。可以理解的是，上述触头组件100的数量仅为示例性说明，其中触头组件100的数量可以多于四个，同一导电桥架323可以同时连接两个或两个以上的触头组件100。当同一导电桥架323同时连接两个以上的触头组件100时，每个静触头101可以作为一个电连接点，此时，直流接触器可以实现同一极性电路的多个电连接点的同时导通。具体地，导电桥架323可以为长条形结构，其中两个触头组件100中的两个动触头102分别固定连接于一个导电桥架323的两端，另外两个触头组件100中的两个动触头102分别固定连接于另一个导电桥架323的两端。两个导电桥架323可平行设置，同时，两个导电桥架323的高度一致，以便实现四个动触头102与四个静触头101同时闭合和断开。其中，动触头102可与导电桥架323卡接，还可以通过焊接或者铆接等连接方式与导电桥架323进行连接。
图9为本申请一种实施例的联动支架32的结构示意图。一并参照图8和图9，推杆321的设置方向与动触头102的往复运动方向一致，参照图8，推杆321例如沿Z轴方向 设置，并且与驱动机构31固定连接。支撑板322为板状结构，例如可为长方形板，支撑板322的板面设置方向与Z方向垂直，并且与推杆321固定连接。例如，如图8所示，推杆321可与支撑板322采用螺纹连接，此时，推杆321用于与支撑板322连接的一侧可设置螺纹，支撑板322用于与推杆321连接的一侧设有螺纹孔。这样，推杆321沿Z方向往复运动时，可带动支撑板322在Z方向往复运动。另外，该实施例中，导电桥架323的一侧与支撑板322连接，另一侧用于连接动触头102。由此，支撑板322沿Z方向运动时，可带动导电桥架323和动触头102沿Z方向运动。
在本申请的一种实施例中，支撑板322背离推杆321的一侧还设有导向杆324，该导向杆324沿Z方向设置，并且与推杆321共轴线设置。该导向杆324在推杆321移动时可为支撑板322的移动提供导向作用。另外，在该导向杆324的周侧面还可设置导向板3241，该导向板3241平行于导电桥架323的长度方向，且位于两个导电桥架323之间。当推杆321移动时，可为支撑板322的移动提供导向作用。在本申请的一种实施例中，支撑板322和导向杆324以及导向板3241可为一体设置结构，以减少各零部件的装配。同时，由于导向杆324以及导向板3241设置于两个导电桥架323之间，因此，导向杆324和导向板3241均可采用绝缘材料，以提高两个导电桥架323之间的绝缘性。
一并参照图8和图9，在本申请一种实施例中，导电桥架323与支撑板322之间可通过弹性件进行连接，例如，可在导电桥架323和支撑板322之间设置缓冲弹簧325。当动触头102与静触头101闭合时，弹性件可起到一定的缓冲作用，从而有效避免动触头102对静触头101之间产生强烈的撞击。
在本申请的一种实施例中，在设置缓冲弹簧325时，可在导电桥架323面向支撑板322的一侧设置环形凹槽或柱状凸起，缓冲弹簧325的一端置于该环形凹槽内或套设在柱状凸起上。同时，支撑板322面向导电桥架323的一侧也可设置环形凹槽或柱状凸起，缓冲弹簧325的另一端可置于该环形凹槽内或套设在柱状凸起上，以减小缓冲弹簧325在垂直于由导电桥架323到支撑板322的方向上的形变，从而提高缓冲弹簧325运动的稳定性。其中，每个导电桥架323和支撑板322之间可设置一个缓冲弹簧325，此时，可将缓冲弹簧325设置在导电桥架323的中间部位，以使连接于导电桥架323两端的动触头102能够同时与各自对应的静触头101闭合或断开。另外，缓冲弹簧325的数量可以不限于一个，当设置两个或两个以上缓冲弹簧325时，需要保证多个缓冲弹簧325之间的设置位置能够使导电桥架323上的动触头102能够同时闭合。
如图9所示，在本申请的一种实施例中，在垂直于导电桥架323长度的方向，在每个缓冲弹簧325的两侧均设有立板326，立板326垂直于支撑板322并与支撑板322固定连接。该立板326的顶部设有卡槽326a。两个立板326之间设有固定板327，固定板327端部卡接于立板326的卡槽326a内。导电桥架323在缓冲弹簧325的作用下与固定板327抵接。
继续参照图9，在本申请一种实施例中，对应每个导电桥架323的缓冲弹簧325的位置，沿Z方向设有间隔设置的第一导磁体328和第二导磁体329。其中，第一导磁体328位于立板326和固定板327构成的容纳空间内。第一导磁体328可为U型结构，导电桥架323与第一导磁体328的底板固定连接，例如铆接，第一导磁体328的开口方向朝向背离支撑板322的一侧，缓冲弹簧325位于第一导磁体328和支撑板322之间。同时，第一导磁体328设置在两个立板326之间，第一导磁体328的自由端穿过固定板327。第二导磁 体329位于第一导磁体328的开口侧且固定设置。这样，当静触头101和动触头102处于闭合导通状态下时，导电桥架323中有电流经过，此时，会在导电桥架323的周向产生磁场，产生的磁场会在第一导磁体328和第二导磁体329之间产生吸引力，使第一导磁体328朝向第二导磁体329的方向运动，从而使静触头101和动触头102之间接触更紧密。
可以理解的是，两个导电桥架323可分别对应导通正极电路和负极电路，由此，导电桥架323需由导电材料制备而成，例如可选用无氧铜材质的导电桥架323。另外，两个导电桥架323之间还应绝缘设置，因此，支撑板322可由绝缘材料制备而成，例如可由PET材料制备得到。
在本申请的一种实施例中，为了使两个导电桥架323以及两个导电桥架323分别对应的触头组件100之间的保持良好的电气绝缘性，可在两个导电桥架323之间以及两个导电桥架323分别对应的触头组件100之间填充环氧树脂绝缘层，从而充分保证正极电路与负极电路间的绝缘性。在本申请另一种可能的实施例中，可在两个导电桥架323之间设置绝缘板，该绝缘板可与支撑板322一体设置。
继续参照图8，本申请一种实施例的直流接触器还包括绝缘底座35，该绝缘底座35位于磁极板34与支撑板322之间，通过设置绝缘底座35可以实现驱动机构31与触头组件100以及驱动机构31与导电桥架323之间的电气隔离，保证电气安全性，防止短路。该结构中，推杆321穿过该磁极板34、绝缘底座35与支撑板322固定连接。其中，绝缘底座35由绝缘材料制备而成，例如可以为PET绝缘底座。
在本申请的一种实施例中，绝缘底座35面向支撑板322的一侧设有安装孔或安装卡件，用于固定灭弧组件200中的固定框201等部件。
继续参照图8，在本申请的一种实施例中，驱动机构31包括沿Z方向依次设置的动铁芯311和静铁芯312，以及围绕动铁芯311和静铁芯312设置的线圈314，其中，动铁芯311和静铁芯312之间设有复位弹簧313。该驱动机构31中，对线圈314通电后，线圈314将产生磁场，动铁芯311和静铁芯312件会产生引力或斥力，从而驱动动铁芯311运动。当将线圈314断电后，动铁芯311依靠复位弹簧313运动至初始位置。该实施例中，动铁芯311与推杆321固定连接，由此，当动铁芯311运动时可以带动推杆321运动。
在本申请的一种实施例中，在推杆321的设置方向，静铁芯312设置在靠近支撑板322的一侧，动铁芯311设置在远离支撑板322的一侧，推杆321的一端与支撑板322固定连接后，另一端穿过静铁芯312与动铁芯311固定连接。其中，设置于静铁芯312与动铁芯311之间的复位弹簧313套设在推杆321上。为了使复位弹簧313的位置更稳定，在静铁芯312的用于穿设推杆321的通孔内侧设有定位台阶，复位弹簧313的一部分位于该通孔内并且其端部与该定位台阶接触。另外，推杆321也可以穿设于动铁芯311内，还可在动铁芯311的用于穿设推杆321的通孔内设置定位台阶，复位弹簧313与动铁芯311抵接的一端位于动铁芯311的通孔内，并与动铁芯311内的定位台阶抵接。
如图8所示，在本申请一种实施例中，动铁芯311、静铁芯312以及线圈314位于由轭铁33形成的一U型容纳腔内。该U型容纳腔的两相对侧壁和底板均由轭铁33形成，该U型容纳腔的顶部开口处，即支撑板322与静铁芯312的分隔处设有磁极板34。其中，静铁芯312与该磁极板34固定连接。通过设置轭铁33和磁极板34，当线圈314通电时，可为线圈314产生的磁感线提供闭合回路。
图10为本申请一种实施例的直流接触器的装配结构示意图，如图10所示，本申请一 种实施例的直流接触器还包括用于对线圈314进行供电的电路板36，该电路板36可设置在U型容纳腔的侧部开口处，并封堵该U型容纳腔的侧部开口，该电路板36例如可以为印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)，该电路板36与线圈314电连接用于为线圈314提供电力输入。其中，一并参照图2，该直流接触器还包括用于连接外部线路的接线端子37，电路板36通过引线连接至接线端子37，接线端子37用于连接外部供电电源等装置。
继续参照图10，本申请一种实施例的直流接触器还包括装配框体11，该装配框体11包括框体侧板111和框体顶板112，框体侧板111与框体顶板112可为一体成型结构，其材料可以但不限于为塑胶等。其中，框体侧板111沿绝缘底座35的周向围设在触头组件100和灭弧组件200的外部，且与绝缘底座35固定连接，例如可卡接于绝缘底座35。框体顶板112设置于静触头101的一侧，且与框体侧板111垂直。触头组件100、灭弧组件200、导电桥架323和支撑板322等部件设置在装配框体11和绝缘底座35围设的空间内。静触头101可与框体顶板112固定连接。
图11为本申请一种实施例的装配框体11的结构示意图。如图11所示，框体顶板112设有用于穿设导向杆324的导向孔1121，该导向孔1121的侧壁可自框体顶板112的表面向支撑板322的方向延伸，这样，导向杆324可穿设在导向孔1121内。在本申请一种实施例中，装配框体11还可设有分隔板113，分隔板113设置在两个导电桥架323之间且与导电桥架323的长度方向平行。该分隔板113上设有与导向板3241相互配合的导向槽(图中未示出)，当推杆321发生移动时，导向板3241可在该导向槽移动，以使支撑板322的运动方向更稳定，防止其在运动过程中发生偏斜。另外，该装配框体11内还设有用于连接第二导磁体329的卡接件，由此，可将第二导磁体329与该装配框体11固定连接。
如图11所示，在本申请一种实施例中，在框体侧板111上可设置线槽1111，用于安装线路，实现电路板36与接线端子37的电连接。
继续参照图2，本申请一种实施例的直流接触器还包括两个U型结构的磁框架21，该两个磁框架21的开口相对设置，且两个磁框架21之间分离设置，互不接触，两个磁框架21的开口处分离设置。每个磁框架21围绕两个触头组件100，即其中一个磁框架21围绕用于正极导通的两个触头组件100，另一个磁框架21围绕用于负极导通的两个触头组件100。
一并参照图10和图11，磁框架21和灭弧磁体22可固定安装于装配框体11的框体侧板111。例如，框体侧板111可包括第一槽体1112和第二槽体1113，其中，第一槽体1112用于安装灭弧磁体22，第二槽体1113可用于安装磁框架21。另外，在第一槽体1112和第二槽体1113内可设置相应的固定件1114以用于固定磁框架21和灭弧磁体22，其中固定件1114可为卡接件等。可以理解的是，图11中所示的固定件1114仅为示例性说明，固定件1114除了可以为卡接件外，还可以为螺纹连接件等。
图12为磁框架21和导电桥架323的相对位置结构示意图，一并参照图2和图12，两个导电桥架323分别位于两个磁框架21的开口处，且导电桥架323的长度方向垂直于磁框架21的开口方向。沿导电桥架323的长度方向，与导电桥架323的端部对应处，磁框架21的内壁分别设有灭弧磁体22。每个磁框架21中，其中一个灭弧磁体22的极性与另一个灭弧磁体22的极性同向设置。示例性的，如图12所示，沿导电桥架323的长度方向，自导电桥架323的一端至另一端所示方向，两个灭弧磁体22的极性可均为自S极到N极，或者可均为自N极到S极。以自S极到N极为例，其中一个灭弧磁体M1的磁感线自N 极沿导电桥架323的长度方向传输至另一个灭弧磁体M2的S极，且灭弧磁体M2的磁感线自N极沿磁框架21传输至灭弧磁体M1的S极。由此，两个灭弧磁体22之间的磁感线通过磁框架21构成了一个闭合回路。当静触点1011和动触点1021产生电弧时，电弧在该闭合回路的磁感线的作用下会被吹入灭弧组件200的其中一个固定框201内，使电弧的弧线拉长，进一步提高灭弧效果。该实施例中，导电桥架323的长度方向垂直于两固定框201的设置方向X方向，从而使电弧在磁力作用下进入固定框201，实现磁吹灭弧。
利用引弧脚1032和灭弧片202以及磁吹的方式进行灭弧，可以使直流接触器在非密封状态下实现有效灭弧，使该直流接触器具有较强的分断能力，较高的电气寿命，同时能够减少灭弧气体的使用，简化直流接触器的密封设置，降低了直流接触器的制造成本。同时，该直流接触器中，通过设置磁框架21和灭弧磁体22，无论静触头101连接正极还是负极，都可以将电弧吹入灭弧组件200中，可实现无极性灭弧，减少直流接触器使用过程的择向性。
图13为本申请一种实施例的直流接触器的外观结构示意图，如图13所示，该直流接触器还包括壳体10，触头组件100、灭弧组件200、磁框架21、灭弧磁体22、驱动机构31、联动支架32以及装配框体11等均设于该壳体10内。其中，触头组件100中的静触头101可凸出壳体10外用于连接外部电路。接线端子37自装配框体11处引出至壳体10的外部，用于连接外部供电线路以对线圈314提供输入电流。该直流接触器作为电路控制开关时，其中两个静触头101可作为正极连接点，另外两个静触头101可作为负极连接点。
下面将结合图2、图8和图13对本申请实施例的直流接触器的工作原理做简单说明。为了方便理解，以图2中所示方向进行说明，在该实施例中，将自静触头101至动铁芯311方向定义为自上而下的方向。
参照图2和图13，该实施例的直流接触器包括四个触头组件100，其中，将静触头C1、C2定义为正极连接点，将静触头D1、D2定义为负极连接点。参照图8，当需要接通电路时，PCB对线圈314供电，线圈314产生磁感线后，动铁芯311向上运动。这样，动铁芯311通过推杆321带动支撑板322和导电桥架323向上运动，导电桥架323带动动触头102向上运动，从而使动触点1021与静触点1011接触。通过导电桥架323的导电作用，从而使C1、C2两个正极连接点导通，并使D1、D2两个负极连接点导通，进而实现同一电路中正负极的同时导通。当需要断开电路时，PCB电路板对线圈314停止供电，此时，动铁芯311在复位弹簧313的作用下恢复至初始位置，进而通过推杆321带动支撑板322、导电桥架323和动触头102向下运动，使动触点1021和静触点1011分离，实现电路的断开。
本申请实施例的直流接触器，通过设置多个触头组件100，示例性地，通过设置四个触头组件100，可通过一个驱动机构31实现正负极的双极联动，从而降低了直流接触器的体积和制造成本，使本申请实施例的直流接触器具有体积小、制造成本低的优点。
基于同样的发明构思，本申请实施例提供一种配电盒，该配电盒包括本申请实施例的直流接触器。该配电盒具有如本申请实施例的直流接触器的全部优点，在此不再赘述。
基于同样的发明构思，本申请实施例提供一种动力电池总成，该动力电池总成包括电池包和本申请实施例的配电盒。具体可参照图1，其中，该动力电池总成中的电池包与配电盒电连接，电池包通过该配电盒与外部电源线路(如充电桩)连接。
基于同样的发明构思，本申请实施例提供一种车辆，该车辆包括车体和设置于车体内的本申请实施例的动力电池总成。由于该直流接触器具有体积小的特点，因此可以减小在 车体内的占用空间。
除此之外，本申请实施例的直流接触器还可以用于工业中电气设备的供电侧，以控制电气设备的通电运行。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种直流接触器，其特征在于，所述直流接触器包括触头组件、灭弧组件和驱动组件，其中：
    所述灭弧组件，设置于所述触头组件的周侧；
    所述触头组件，包括成对设置的动触头和静触头，所述动触头包括动触点，所述静触头包括静触点以及围绕所述静触点设置的引弧片，所述引弧片用于将所述动触头与所述静触头之间产生的电弧引入所述灭弧组件；所述驱动组件，用于驱动所述动触点与所述静触点闭合或断开。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述引弧片包括引弧片本体和引弧脚，所述引弧脚自所述引弧片本体向远离所述静触点的方向延伸并插入所述灭弧组件内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述引弧脚自所述静触点所在平面逐渐向背离所述动触头的方向弯折延伸。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述灭弧组件包括两个间隔且相对设置的固定框，所述静触点位于两个所述固定框之间，两个所述固定框内均设有多片间隔设置的灭弧片；
    所述引弧脚为至少两个，且至少一个所述引弧脚插设于其中一个所述固定框内，剩余所述引弧脚插设于另一个所述固定框内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述引弧脚的自由端位于所述固定框的内侧面与靠近所述固定框的内侧面的所述灭弧片之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述固定框的内侧面与所述引弧脚相对应的位置设有加强板。
  7. 根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，自所述静触头至所述动触头的方向，多片所述灭弧片依次排列，且呈扇形排布。
  8. 根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，自所述静触头至所述动触头的方向，多片所述灭弧片依次平行设置。
  9. 根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，自所述静触头至所述固定框的方向，多片所述灭弧片依次平行设置；
    多片所述灭弧片分为两组，在自所述静触头至所述动触头的方向，两组所述灭弧片分离设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，设置于所述静触点的周向侧部的一组所述灭弧片中，至少一片所述灭弧片的端部凸出于所述静触点所在的平面。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，设置于所述静触点的周向侧部的一组所述灭弧片中，自所述静触点至所述固定框方向，该组内的多片所述灭弧片呈阶梯状排列；
    设置于所述动触点的周向侧部的一组所述灭弧片中，自所述动触点至所述固定框方向，该组内的多片所述灭弧片呈阶梯状排列。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述动触头用于设置所述动触点的端面边缘处设有倒角。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括驱 动机构和联动支架，其中，
    所述驱动机构包括动铁芯、静铁芯、围绕所述静铁芯设置的线圈、用于容纳所述动铁芯和所述静铁芯的容纳腔、以及设置于所述动铁芯与所述静铁芯之间的复位弹簧；
    所述联动支架包括推杆和支撑板，所述推杆的一端与所述动铁芯轴向固定，另一端与所述支撑板固定连接，所述支撑板远离所述推杆的一侧设有导电桥架，所述导电桥架与所述动触头连接；所述推杆在所述驱动机构的作用下通过所述支撑板带动所述导电桥架在远离或靠近所述静触头的方向往复运动。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述导电桥架与所述支撑板之间设有缓冲弹簧，所述支撑板面向所述导电桥架的表面设有凸起，所述导电桥架面向所述支撑板的表面设有凹槽，所述缓冲弹簧套设于所述凸起，且容置于所述凹槽；
    所述直流接触器还包括用于固定所述导电桥架的立板和固定板，所述立板位于所述导电桥架的两侧且固定于所述支撑板，所述固定板架设于所述立板，所述导电桥架与所述固定板抵接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述直流接触器还包括在垂直所述支撑板的方向分离设置的第一导磁体和第二导磁体；
    所述第一导磁体为U型结构且开口方向朝向背离所述支撑板的一侧，所述第一导磁体位于导电桥架两侧的两个所述立板之间，所述导电桥架与所述第一导磁体固定连接；
    所述第二导磁体固定于远离所述支撑板的一侧且与所述第一导磁体的开口相对设置。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述直流接触器还包括绝缘底座，所述绝缘底座设置于所述驱动机构与所述支撑板之间；
    其中，所述推杆自所述动铁芯向所述触头组件方向延伸，并穿过所述绝缘底座后与所述支撑板连接。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述静铁芯位于所述绝缘底座与所述动铁芯之间。
  18. 一种配电盒，其特征在于，所述配电盒包括权利要求1～17任一项所述的直流接触器。
  19. 一种动力电池总成，其特征在于，所述动力电池总成包括电池包和权利要求18所述的配电盒，所述配电盒与所述电池包电连接。
  20. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括车体和设置于所述车体内的权利要求19所述的动力电池总成。
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