WO2022047884A1 - 直线电机 - Google Patents

直线电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022047884A1
WO2022047884A1 PCT/CN2020/120490 CN2020120490W WO2022047884A1 WO 2022047884 A1 WO2022047884 A1 WO 2022047884A1 CN 2020120490 W CN2020120490 W CN 2020120490W WO 2022047884 A1 WO2022047884 A1 WO 2022047884A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
winding
seat
armature
linear motor
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/120490
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史卫领
郭顺
王洪兴
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技（南京）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2022047884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022047884A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/035—DC motors; Unipolar motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of drives, in particular to a linear motor.
  • the motor is the main component of the transmission system, and a reasonable selection of the motor can improve the performance of the entire system and improve the efficiency.
  • traditional rotary motors require certain mechanical transmission components to convert rotary motion into linear motion. This brings many problems, such as bulky system, increased weight, high noise, and increased maintenance cost. Therefore, using the linear motor instead of the rotary motor can overcome the above shortcomings of the rotary motor in this application and improve the efficiency of the entire system.
  • a related art linear motor includes a primary assembly and a secondary assembly.
  • the primary assembly consists of three-phase windings.
  • the three-phase winding is fed with alternating current to generate a traveling wave magnetic field, thereby generating thrust.
  • the three-phase winding structure of the linear motor in the related art is relatively complex, and the cost is high.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a linear motor to solve the technical problems of complex structure and high cost caused by the use of three-phase windings for primary components in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a linear motor, comprising: a first seat and a second seat, the second seat is connected with the first seat and can move relative to the first seat along a sliding direction; A first magnetic mechanism and two second magnetic mechanisms, the two second magnetic mechanisms are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first magnetic mechanism along a first direction perpendicular to the sliding direction, the first magnetic mechanism
  • One of the mechanism and the second magnetic mechanism is a primary assembly for generating an armature magnetic field and fixed on the first seat, and the other is a secondary assembly for generating a stable magnetic field and fixed on the second seat an assembly, the stable magnetic field interacts with the armature magnetic field to make the primary assembly and the secondary assembly move relatively along the sliding direction;
  • the primary assembly includes M armatures arranged along the sliding direction Winding, the armature winding includes N layers of winding coils stacked along the first direction, the winding coil includes a winding body, a through hole surrounded by the winding body, and a self-winding coil from the winding
  • the incoming wire end extending from the body and the outgoing wire end arranged at intervals from the incoming wire end, the incoming wire ends of the M*N number of the wire winding coils are arranged along the sliding interval, and the M*N number of the wire winding coils are arranged along the sliding interval.
  • the outgoing wire ends are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction, wherein both N and M are not less than 2;
  • the brush assembly which is fixed relative to the second seat, includes incoming wire arms and outgoing wires arranged at intervals along the sliding direction
  • the arm, the incoming arm and the outgoing arm can be electrically connected to the N incoming ends and the N outgoing ends of one armature winding at the same time.
  • the projections of the incoming wire end and the outgoing wire end along the sliding direction coincide.
  • the first seat has a first end and a second end spaced along the sliding direction, and in the same armature winding, the winding body of the n-1th layer of the winding coil
  • the winding bodies of the winding coils of the nth layer are alternately arranged along the sliding direction, and the winding bodies of the winding coils of the nth layer are larger than the winding bodies of the winding coils of the n-1th layer.
  • the winding body is closer to the first end; in two adjacent armature windings, the winding body of the n-1th layer of the winding coil in one of the armature windings is connected to the other.
  • the winding bodies of the n-th layer of the winding coils in the armature winding are staggered along the sliding direction; wherein, n is not less than 2 and not greater than N.
  • the winding body includes a pair of transverse portions arranged at intervals and a pair of longitudinal portions connected with both ends of the transverse portions and arranged at intervals.
  • the longitudinal portion of the winding body of the n-1th layer partially overlaps the longitudinal portion of the winding body of the n-th layer along the first direction;
  • the longitudinal portion of the winding body of the n-th layer in one of the armature windings is connected to the n-1-th layer of the other armature winding along the first direction.
  • the longitudinal portion of the winding body is partially overlapped.
  • the lateral portion of one of the winding coils is coplanar with the lateral portion of the other winding coil.
  • the primary assembly further includes an armature iron core fixed to the first seat, and the armature winding is fixed to a side of the armature iron core facing the secondary assembly.
  • the primary assembly further includes a plurality of conductive blocks spaced along the sliding direction, the conductive blocks are electrically connected to at least one of the incoming wire end and the outgoing wire end, wherein the incoming wire end and the outgoing wire end are electrically connected.
  • the wire arm can be electrically connected to the incoming wire end of one armature winding through the N conductive blocks at the same time; the wire outgoing arm can be simultaneously connected to all the armature windings through the N conductive blocks.
  • the outlet terminal is electrically connected.
  • the primary assembly further includes an insulating member disposed between two adjacent conductive blocks.
  • the primary assembly further includes a connecting piece through which the conductive block and the insulating piece are connected.
  • the brush assembly further includes a fixing member connecting the wire inlet arm and the wire outlet arm, and the fixing member is fixed relative to the second seat.
  • the secondary assembly includes a field winding fixed relative to the second seat.
  • the secondary assembly further includes a field core fixed on the second seat, and the field winding is fixed on a side of the field core facing the primary assembly.
  • a plurality of excitation teeth are formed on a side of the excitation core facing the primary assembly, and the excitation winding is wound on the excitation teeth.
  • the secondary assembly includes a magnet steel fixed relative to the second seat.
  • the secondary assembly further includes a magnetic yoke fixed on the second seat, and the magnetic steel is fixed on a side of the magnetic yoke facing the primary assembly.
  • the first seat and the second seat are slidably connected through a guide rail assembly.
  • the linear motor provided by the present invention includes a first magnetic mechanism and two second magnetic mechanisms, and one of the first magnetic mechanism and the second magnetic mechanism is used to generate an armature magnetic field.
  • the primary component is the primary component, and the other is the secondary component for generating a stable magnetic field. Since the two second magnetic mechanisms are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the first magnetic mechanism, the first magnetic mechanism can be reduced. Normal suction (i.e.
  • the primary assembly is driven by DC current and no longer uses a multi-phase winding structure, with simple structure, simple control and low control cost; since the brush assembly can be connected with one of the armatures at the same time
  • the N incoming wire ends and the N outgoing wire ends of the windings are electrically connected, so that when the primary assembly is supplied with direct current, the armature magnetic field generated by the primary assembly and the stable magnetic field generated by the secondary assembly are mutually connected. Therefore, the relative sliding between the primary component and the secondary component is realized, and only a small part of the armature winding is energized at the same time, which greatly reduces the copper consumption of the motor and improves the efficiency of the motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the linear motor shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the secondary assembly in the linear motor shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the primary assembly in the linear motor shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 5 is a partial perspective assembly schematic diagram of the armature winding and the armature iron core in the primary assembly shown in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a winding coil.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the brush assembly in the linear motor shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection between the brush assembly and the armature winding at a certain moment in the linear motor shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor provided by a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor provided by a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear motor provided by a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the linear motor 100 of the example of the present invention includes a first seat, a second seat, a first magnetic mechanism, two second magnetic mechanisms, connecting the first seat and the
  • the second seat has a guide rail assembly 50 that enables the second seat and the first seat to move relatively along the sliding direction X, and two brush assemblies 70 fixed relative to the second seat, two of the second magnetic
  • the mechanisms are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first magnetic mechanism along a first direction Z perpendicular to the sliding direction X.
  • the first seat is a fixed base 10
  • the second seat is a sliding seat 20 that can move along the sliding direction X
  • the first magnetic mechanism is used to generate a stable magnetic field and interact with the
  • the second magnetic mechanism is the primary assembly 40 (ie the primary assembly 40 for generating the armature magnetic field and fixed with the base 10 (ie the first seat)
  • the primary assembly 40 is provided with two
  • the stable magnetic field interacts with the armature magnetic field to make the primary assembly 40 and the secondary assembly 30 move relatively along the sliding direction X, thereby pushing
  • the sliding direction X is the longitudinal direction of the linear motor
  • the first direction Z is the height direction of the linear motor.
  • the base 10 (ie, the first seat) has a first end 10A and a second end 10B spaced along the sliding direction X.
  • the base 10 includes a first plate body 11 extending from the first end 10A to the second end 10B, and two bending and extending from both sides of the first plate body 11 .
  • the supporting plate 12 , the first mounting portion 14 disposed on one end of the supporting plate 12 away from the first plate body 11 , and extending from one supporting plate 12 to the other supporting plate 12 are formed together with the supporting plate 12 .
  • the first plate body 11 is opposite to and spaced apart from the second plate body 15 .
  • the two primary assemblies 40 are respectively fixed to the first plate body 11 and the second plate body 15 .
  • the sliding seat 20 includes a third plate body 21 , a second mounting portion 22 disposed at both ends of the third plate body 21 , and extending from the third plate body 21 toward the first plate body 11 and formed with the first plate body 11 .
  • the second plate body 15 is spaced apart from the fourth plate body 23 .
  • the secondary assembly 30 is fixed to the fourth plate body 23 .
  • the guide rail assembly 50 includes a first guide rail 51 and a second guide rail 52 respectively mounted on the first mounting portion 14 and the second mounting portion 22.
  • the first guide rail 51 and the second guide rail 52 can be
  • the sliding seat 20 is covered on the base 10 and is slidably connected together through the first guide rail 51 and the second guide rail 52 .
  • the sliding seat 20 and the base 10 together form a receiving space 13 .
  • the primary assembly 30 , the secondary assembly 40 , and the brush assembly 70 are all accommodated in the accommodation space 13 .
  • the secondary assembly 30 includes an excitation core 31 and an excitation winding 32 fixed on the fourth plate body 23 of the sliding seat 20 .
  • the excitation core 31 is formed with a side facing the primary assembly 40 .
  • a plurality of excitation tooth portions 311 , and the excitation coil 32 is wound around the excitation tooth portions 311 .
  • the excitation core 31 and the excitation winding 32 are used together to generate the stable magnetic field.
  • the excitation winding 32 generates a magnetic field by passing a direct current
  • the excitation core 31 is magnetized by the magnetic field of the excitation winding 32 to generate a magnetic field.
  • the excitation tooth portion may not be formed on the side of the excitation core 31 facing the primary assembly 40 , that is, the excitation winding is directly fixed on the excitation core 31 facing the primary assembly 40 .
  • the primary assembly 40 side; the secondary assembly 30 can also be configured to include only the excitation winding 32 , and the excitation winding 32 is directly fixed on the fourth plate body 23 of the sliding seat 20 .
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 there are two secondary assemblies 30 , and the two secondary assemblies 30 are arranged back-to-back, that is, the excitation windings 32 of the two secondary assemblies 3 are respectively facing each other. the primary assembly 40 .
  • only one secondary assembly 30 may be provided.
  • the primary assembly 40 includes armature iron cores 41 fixed on the base 10 , M pieces are disposed along the sliding direction X and fixed on the armature iron core 41 toward the secondary assembly 30 .
  • the armature windings 42 on the side, a plurality of conductive blocks 43 electrically connected to the M number of the armature windings 42 respectively, an insulating member 45 arranged between two adjacent conductive blocks 43 and connected to the conductive blocks 43 and the connecting piece 47 of the insulating piece 45 .
  • the armature magnetic field is generated when the armature winding 42 is supplied with current, and the armature magnetic field interacts with the stable magnetic field generated by the secondary assembly 30 to realize the primary assembly 40 and the secondary The assembly 30 undergoes relative movement in the sliding direction.
  • M is not less than 2; the connecting piece 47 is made of insulating material and extends along the sliding direction X; a plurality of conductive blocks 43 are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction X; a plurality of the insulating pieces 45 are arranged along the sliding direction X Sliding direction X interval setting.
  • the armature core 41 is generally in the shape of a plate, and includes a mounting surface 411 facing the secondary assembly 30 , and the sliding direction X is parallel to the mounting surface 411 of the field core 41 .
  • the armature winding 42 includes N layers of wound coils 48 stacked along the first direction Z.
  • the winding coil 48 includes a winding body 481 , a through hole 482 surrounded by the winding body 481 , a wire inlet end 483 extending from the winding body 481 , and a wire inlet end 483 spaced apart from the wire inlet end 483 .
  • Outgoing wire ends 484, and the incoming wire ends 483 of the M*N winding coils 48 are arranged at intervals along the sliding X, and the outgoing wire ends 484 of the M*N wire winding coils 48 are slid along the sliding
  • the direction X is spaced apart, and the conductive block 43 is electrically connected to at least one of the incoming wire end 483 and the outgoing wire end 484 .
  • the number of the winding coils 48 in each layer can be the same or different.
  • the winding body 481 of the winding coil 48 of the n-1th layer and the winding body 481 of the winding coil 48 of the nth layer are along the sliding direction
  • the Xs are arranged in a staggered manner, and the winding bodies 481 of the winding coils 48 of the nth layer are closer to the first end 10A than the winding bodies 481 of the winding coils 48 of the n-1th layer.
  • the winding bodies of the winding coils 48 of 1 layer are staggered along the sliding direction.
  • N is not less than 2
  • n is not less than 2 and not greater than N.
  • the armature winding 42 includes four layers of the wound coils 48 , ie, N is equal to four.
  • the four layers of the winding coils 48, the four layers of the winding coils 48 are the first layer of the winding coils 48A, the second layer of the winding coils 48B, the third layer of the winding coils 48C, and the third layer of the winding coils 48A Four layers of the wound coil 48D.
  • the arrangement of the wound coil 48 of the primary assembly 40 is as follows.
  • the winding body 481 of the first layer of the winding coil 48A and the winding body 481 of the second layer of the winding coil 48B slide along the The directions X are staggered, and the winding bodies 481 of the winding coils 48B of the second layer are closer to the first end 10A than the winding bodies 481 of the winding coils 48A of the first layer.
  • the winding bodies 481 of the second layer of the winding coils 48B and the winding bodies 481 of the third layer of the winding coils 48C are alternately arranged along the sliding direction X, and the third layer of the windings
  • the winding body 481 of the coil 48C is closer to the first end 10A than the winding body 481 of the second layer of the winding coil 48B.
  • the winding bodies 481 of the winding coils 48C of the third layer and the winding bodies 481 of the winding coils 48D of the fourth layer are alternately arranged along the sliding direction X, and the windings of the fourth layer
  • the winding body 481 of the coil 48D is closer to the first end 10A than the winding body 481 of the third layer of the winding coil 48C.
  • the two adjacent armature windings 42 are specifically defined as the first armature winding 42A and the second armature winding 42B, and The first said armature winding 42A is closer to the first end 10A) than the second said armature winding 42B.
  • the winding body 481 of the second layer of the wound coil 48B in the first armature winding 42A and the winding of the first layer of the wound coil 48A in the second armature winding 42B The wire bodies are staggered along the sliding direction X.
  • the winding body 481 of the third layer of the wound coil 48C in the first armature winding 42A and the winding of the second layer of the wound coil 48B in the second armature winding 42B The wire bodies are staggered along the sliding direction X.
  • the winding body 481 of the fourth layer of the winding coil 48D in the first armature winding 42A and the winding body 481 of the third layer of the winding coil 48C in the second armature winding 42B The wire bodies are staggered along the sliding direction X.
  • the winding body 481 includes a pair of spaced apart transverse portions 4811 and a pair of spaced apart longitudinal portions 4813 bent and extended from both ends of the transverse portion 4811 .
  • the longitudinal portion 4813 of the winding body 481 of the n-1 th layer is along the first direction Z and the longitudinal portion 4813 of the winding body 481 of the n-th layer Partially overlapping.
  • the longitudinal portion 4813 of the n-th layer of the winding body 481 in one of the armature windings 42 and the other armature along the first direction Z The longitudinal portion 4813 of the winding body 481 of the n-1th layer in the winding 42 partially overlaps.
  • the lateral portion 4811 of one of the winding coils 48 is coplanar with the lateral portion 4811 of the other winding coil 48 .
  • the transverse portion 4811 is fixed on the mounting surface 411 of the field core 41 .
  • the brush assembly 70 can be electrically connected to the N incoming wire ends 483 and the N outgoing wire ends 484 of one armature winding 42 at the same time, so that the primary assembly 40 passes through the brush assembly. 7.
  • the armature magnetic field is generated when direct current is supplied, and the armature magnetic field interacts with the stable magnetic field generated by the secondary assembly 30, thereby realizing the relative movement between the primary assembly 40 and the secondary assembly 30 .
  • the brush assembly 70 includes a fixing member 71 fixed relative to the sliding seat 20 , and a wire inlet arm 72 and a wire outlet arm 73 respectively connected to the fixing member 71 .
  • the wire incoming arm 72 and the wire outgoing arm 73 are roughly elongated, and are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction X; the fixing member 71 is fixed to the secondary assembly through a fixing block 80 . 30 on the excitation core 31, so that the fixing member 71, the wire inlet arm 72 and the wire outlet arm 73 are fixed relative to the sliding seat 20, so that the brush assembly 70 can follow the
  • the sliding seat 20 and the secondary assembly 30 slide together, and electrically conduct the N winding coils 481 of the primary assembly 40 and the secondary assembly 30 opposite to each other, but not with the (M-1)*N of the winding coils 481 that are connected to the wire inlet arm 72 and the wire outlet arm 73 of the brush assembly 70 are not connected to the power supply, that is to say, they are only connected to the power supply.
  • the winding coil 481 opposite to the secondary assembly 30 is energized, which greatly reduces the copper consumption of the motor and improves the efficiency of the linear motor 100 .
  • the wire feed arm 72 is in contact with the N pieces of the conductive blocks 43 to conduct electricity with the wire feed end 483 of one armature winding 42 at the same time
  • the outlet arm 72 is electrically connected to the outlet end 484 of one armature winding 42 by being in contact with the N conductive blocks 43 , so as to provide current to the armature winding 42 .
  • the number of the conductive blocks 43 is (M+1)*N, wherein, N of the conductive blocks 43 near the first end 10A and N near the second end 10B In any one of the (M+1)*N ⁇ 2 conductive blocks 43 between the conductive blocks 43 , the incoming wire end 483 and the outgoing wire end 484 are electrically connected to any one of the conductive blocks 43 .
  • the conductive block, the insulating member and the connecting member may not be provided.
  • the brush assembly is directly electrically connected to the N-layer armature winding 42 . It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the armature core may not be provided, and the armature winding 42 is directly fixed to the base 10 .
  • the linear motor further includes a detection component 90 for detecting the relative displacement of the base 10 and the sliding seat 20 .
  • the detection assembly 90 includes a scale 92 and a scale read head 91 , the scale 92 is fixed on the base 10 , the scale read head 91 is fixed on the sliding seat 20 , and the scale read head is The sensing end of 91 faces the scale 92 .
  • the scale 92 can also be the sliding seat 20, and correspondingly, the scale reading head 91 is fixed on the base 10; the detection assembly 90 can also be A displacement sensor fixed on the sliding seat 20 .
  • the linear motor 200 provided by this embodiment is basically the same in structure as the linear motor 100 provided by the first embodiment, the only difference is that the secondary assembly 30 includes a The magnetic yoke 31 of the fourth plate body 23 of the sliding seat 20 and the magnetic steel 32 fixed on the side of the magnetic yoke 31 facing the primary assembly 40 , wherein the magnetic steel 32 and the magnetic steel 32 are The yoke 31 together is used to generate the stable magnetic field.
  • a yoke may not be provided, or an electromagnet may be used instead of a magnetic steel.
  • the linear motor 300 provided by this embodiment is basically the same in structure as the linear motor 100 provided by the first embodiment, the only difference is that the first seat is capable of sliding along the sliding direction
  • the sliding seat 20 for X movement the second seat is a fixed base 10 ;
  • the first magnetic mechanism is a primary assembly 40 used to generate a stable magnetic field and fixed with the sliding seat 20 (ie, the first seat)
  • the second magnetic mechanism is a secondary assembly 30 for generating an armature magnetic field and fixed with the base 10 (ie, the second seat) (that is, there are two secondary assemblies 30 ).
  • the two primary assemblies 40 there are two primary assemblies 40 , and the two primary assemblies 40 are arranged back-to-back, that is, the armature windings 42 of the two primary assemblies 40 face the secondary assemblies 30 respectively;
  • the fixing members 71 of the two brush assemblies are respectively fixed on the first plate body 11 and the second plate body 15 of the base 10 .
  • the linear motor 400 provided in this embodiment is basically the same in structure as the linear motor 300 provided in the first embodiment, the only difference is that the secondary assembly 30 includes a The magnetic yoke 31 of the first plate body 11 or the second plate body 15 of the base 10 and the magnetic steel 32 fixed on the side of the magnetic yoke 31 facing the primary assembly 40 , wherein the The magnetic steel 32 and the yoke 31 are used together to generate the stable magnetic field.
  • a yoke may not be provided, or an electromagnet may be used instead of a magnetic steel.
  • the linear motor provided by the present invention includes a first magnetic mechanism and two second magnetic mechanisms, and one of the first magnetic mechanism and the second magnetic mechanism is used to generate an armature magnetic field.
  • the primary component is the primary component, and the other is the secondary component for generating a stable magnetic field. Since the two second magnetic mechanisms are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the first magnetic mechanism, the first magnetic mechanism can be reduced. Normal suction (i.e.
  • the primary assembly is driven by DC current and no longer uses a multi-phase winding structure, with simple structure, simple control and low control cost; since the brush assembly can be connected with one of the armatures at the same time
  • the N incoming wire ends and the N outgoing wire ends of the windings are electrically connected, so that when the primary assembly is supplied with direct current, the armature magnetic field generated by the primary assembly and the stable magnetic field generated by the secondary assembly are mutually connected. Therefore, the relative sliding between the primary component and the secondary component is realized, and only a small part of the armature winding is energized at the same time, which greatly reduces the copper consumption of the motor and improves the efficiency of the motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

一种直线电机（100），包括第一座、第二座、第一磁机构、第二磁机构及相对所述第二座固定的电刷组件（70），第一磁机构和第二磁机构中的其中一方为固定于所述第一座的初级组件（40），另一方为固定于所述第二座的次级组件（30），初级组件（40）包括M个沿滑动方向设置的电枢绕组（42），电枢绕组（42）包括N层沿第一方向堆叠设置的绕线线圈（48），绕线线圈（48）包括绕线本体（481）、由绕线本体（481）围成的通孔（482）、自绕线本体（481）延伸的进线端（483）及与进线端（483）间隔设置的出线端（484），M*N个绕线线圈（48）的进线端（483）沿滑动间隔设置，M*N个绕线线圈（48）的出线端（484）沿滑动方向间隔设置；电刷组件（70）包括沿滑动方向间隔设置的进线臂（72）和出线臂（73），进线臂（72）和出线臂（73）可同时分别与一个电枢绕组（42）的N个进线端（483）和N个出线端（484）电性连接。

Description

直线电机 技术领域
本发明涉及驱动器技术领域，尤其涉及一种直线电机。
 背景技术
电机是传动系统的主要部件，合理的选择电机可以提高整个系统的性能，提高效率。在直线应用场合，传统的旋转电机都需要一定的机械传动部件将旋转运动转换为直线运动。这样带来了许多问题，比如，系统体积庞大，重量增加，噪声高，维护成本增加。因此，采用直线电机代替旋转电机这一技术手段，可以克服旋转电机在此应用场合中的上述缺点，提高整个系统的效率。
相关技术的直线电机包括初级组件和次级组件。所述初级组件由三相绕组组成。三相绕组通入交流电流而产生行波磁场，从而产生推力。相关技术的直线电机的三相绕组结构相对复杂，成本较高。
因此，必须提供一种新的直线电机以解决上述技术问题。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种直线电机，以解决现有技术中初级组件多采用三相绕组导致结构复杂、成本较高的技术问题。
 技术解决方案
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种直线电机，包括：第一座和第二座，所述第二座与所述第一座连接且与所述第一座可沿滑动方向相对运动; 第一磁机构和两个第二磁机构，两个所述第二磁机构沿垂直于所述滑动方向的第一方向分别设于所述第一磁机构的相对两侧，所述第一磁机构和所述第二磁机构中的其中一方为用于产生电枢磁场并固定于所述第一座的初级组件，另一方为用于产生稳定磁场并固定于所述第二座的次级组件，所述稳定磁场与所述电枢磁场相互作用以使所述初级组件和所述次级组件沿所述滑动方向相对运动；所述初级组件包括M个沿所述滑动方向设置的电枢绕组，所述电枢绕组包括N层沿所述第一方向堆叠设置的绕线线圈，所述绕线线圈包括绕线本体、由所述绕线本体围成的通孔、自所述绕线本体延伸的进线端及与所述进线端间隔设置的出线端，M*N个所述绕线线圈的所述进线端沿所述滑动间隔设置，M*N个所述绕线线圈的所述出线端沿所述滑动方向间隔设置，其中，N和M均不小于2;电刷组件，相对所述第二座固定，其包括沿所述滑动方向间隔设置的进线臂和出线臂，所述进线臂和所述出线臂可同时分别与一个所述电枢绕组的N个所述进线端和N个所述出线端电性连接。
优选地，在M*N个所述绕线线圈中，所述进线端和所述出线端沿所述滑动方向的投影重合。
优选地，所述第一座具有沿所述滑动方向间隔设置的第一端和第二端，在同一所述电枢绕组中，第n-1层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体与第n层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体沿所述滑动方向交错布置，且第n层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体比第n-1层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体更靠近所述第一端；在相邻两所述电枢绕组中，一所述电枢绕组中的第n-1层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体与另一所述电枢绕组中的第n层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体沿所述滑动方向交错布置；其中，n不小于2且不大于N。
优选地，所述绕线本体包括间隔设置的一对横向部以及连接所述横向部的两端且间隔设置的一对纵向部。
在同一所述电枢绕组中，第n-1层所述绕线本体的所述纵向部沿所述第一方向与第n层所述绕线本体的所述纵向部部分重叠;在相邻两所述电枢绕组中，一所述电枢绕组中的第n层所述绕线本体的所述纵向部沿所述第一方向与另一所述电枢绕组中的第n-1层所述绕线本体的所述纵向部部分重叠。
优选地，任意两所述绕线线圈中，一所述绕线线圈的所述横向部与另一所述绕线线圈的所述横向部共面。
优选地，所述初级组件还包括固定于所述第一座的电枢铁芯，所述电枢绕组固定于所述电枢铁芯朝向所述次级组件的一侧。
优选地，所述初级组件还包括多个沿所述滑动方向间隔设置的导电块，所述导电块与所述进线端和所述出线端中的至少其中一方电导通，其中，所述进线臂通过N个所述导电块可同时与一个所述电枢绕组的所述进线端电性连接；所述出线臂通过N个所述导电块可同时与一个所述电枢绕组的所述出线端电性连接。
优选地，所述初级组件还包括设于相邻两个所述导电块之间的绝缘件。
优选地，所述初级组件还包括连接件，所述导电块和所述绝缘件通过所述连接件连接。
优选地，所述电刷组件还包括连接所述进线臂和所述出线臂的固定件，所述固定件相对所述第二座固定。
优选地，所述次级组件包括相对所述第二座固定的励磁绕组。
优选地，所述次级组件包括还包括固定于所述第二座的励磁铁芯，所述励磁绕组固定于所述励磁铁芯朝向所述初级组件的一侧。
优选地，所述励磁铁芯朝向所述初级组件的一侧形成有多个励磁齿部，所述励磁绕组绕设于所述励磁齿部上。
优选地，所述次级组件包括相对所述第二座固定的磁钢。
优选地，所述次级组件还包括固定于所述第二座的磁轭，所述磁钢固设于所述磁轭朝向所述初级组件的一侧。
优选地，所述第一座与所述第二座通过导轨组件滑动连接。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本发明提供的直线电机包括第一磁机构和两个第二磁机构，且所述第一磁机构和所述第二磁机构中的其中一方为用于产生电枢磁场的初级组件，另一方为用于产生稳定磁场的次级组件，由于两个所述第二磁机构分别设于所述第一磁机构的相对两侧，可以降低所述第一磁机构受到的法向吸力（即第一方向的吸力）；初级组件采用直流电流驱动，且不再使用多相绕组结构，结构简单，控制简单，控制成本低；由于电刷组件可同时与一个所述电枢绕组的N个所述进线端和N个所述出线端电性连接，实现初级组件通入直流电时，所述初级组件产生的电枢磁场与所述次级组件产生的所述稳定磁场相互作用，从而实现初级组件和次级组件间的相对滑动，而且，同一时刻只有少部分电枢绕组通电，极大的减小了电机铜耗，提升了电机效率。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中。
图1是本发明提供的第一实施例的直线电机的结构示意图。
图2是图1所示的直线电机的爆炸图。
图3是图2中所示的直线电机中次级组件的立体结构示意图。
图4是图2中所示的直线电机中初级组件的立体结构示意图。
图5是图4中所示的初级组件中电枢绕组与电枢铁芯的局部立体组装示意图。
图6是绕线线圈的立体结构示意图。
图7是图2所示的直线电机中电刷组件的结构示意图。
图8是图2所示的直线电机中电刷组件与电枢绕组某一时刻电性连接的示意图。
图9是本发明第二实施例提供的直线电机结构示意图。
图10是本发明第三实施例提供的直线电机结构示意图。
图11是本发明第四实施例提供的直线电机结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
第一实施例：如图1至8所示，本发明示例的直线电机100包括第一座、第二座、第一磁机构、两个第二磁机构、连接所述第一座和所述第二座以使得所述第二座和所述第一座可沿滑动方向X相对运动的导轨组件50以及相对所述第二座固定的两个电刷组件70，两个所述第二磁机构沿垂直于所述滑动方向X的第一方向Z分别设于所述第一磁机构的相对两侧。
其中，所述第一座为固定设置的基座10，所述第二座为可沿所述滑动方向X运动的滑座20；所述第一磁机构为用于产生稳定磁场并与所述滑座20（即第二座）固定的次级组件30，所述第二磁机构为用于产生电枢磁场并与所述基座10（即第一座）固定的初级组件40（也就是说，所述初级组件40设有两个），所述稳定磁场与所述电枢磁场相互作用以使所述初级组件40和所述次级组件30沿所述滑动方向X相对运动，从而推动所述滑座20以及固定于所述滑座20（即第二座）的所述电刷组件70沿所述滑动方向X运动。
其中，所述滑动方向X为所述直线电机的长方向，所述第一方向Z为所述直线电机的高度方向。
所述基座10（即第一座）具有沿所述滑动方向X间隔设置的第一端10A和第二端10B。
如图2所示，所述基座10包括自所述第一端10A向所述第二端10B延伸的第一板体11、自所述第一板体11两侧弯折延伸的两个支撑板12、设于所述支撑板12远离所述第一板体11一端上的第一安装部14及自一所述支撑板12向另一所述支撑板12沿延伸形成并与所述第一板体11相对且间隔设置的第二板体15。
其中，两个所述初级组件40分别固定于所述第一板体11和所述第二板体15。
所述滑座20包括第三板体21、设于所述第三板体21两端的第二安装部22及自所述第三板体21向所述第一板体11方向延伸形成并与所述第二板体15间隔设置的第四板体23。其中，所述次级组件30固定于所述第四板体23。
所述导轨组件50包括分别安装于所述第一安装部14和所述第二安装部22上的第一导轨51和第二导轨52，所述第一导轨51和所述第二导轨52可滑动地连接，组装时，所述滑座20盖设于所述基座10上，并且通过所述第一导轨51和所述第二导轨52可滑动地连接在一起。所述滑座20与所述基座10共同围成收容空间13。所述初级组件30、所述次级组件40、所述电刷组件70均收容于该收容空间13内。
所述次级组件30包括固设于所述滑座20的所述第四板体23的励磁铁芯31以及励磁绕组32，所述励磁铁芯31朝向所述初级组件40的一侧形成有多个励磁齿部311，所述励磁绕组32绕设于所述励磁齿部311上。其中，所述励磁铁芯31和所述励磁绕组32一起用于产生所述稳定磁场。具体地，所述励磁绕组32通直流电产生磁场，所述励磁铁芯31因被所述励磁绕组32的磁场磁化而产生磁场。
可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，也可以不在所述励磁铁芯31朝向所述初级组件40一侧形成励磁齿部，即所述励磁绕组直接固设于所述励磁铁芯31朝向所述初级组件40一侧；所述次级组件30也可以设置成仅包括励磁绕组32，所述励磁绕组32直接固设于所述滑座20的所述第四板体23上。
如图1和图2所示，所述次级组件30设有两个，且两个所述次级组件30背靠背设置，即两个所述次级组件3的所述励磁绕组32分别正对所述初级组件40。
可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，所述次级组件30也可以仅设置一个。
所述初级组件40包括固设于所述基座10上的电枢铁芯41、M个沿所述滑动方向X设置并固设于所述电枢铁芯41朝向所述次级组件30一侧的电枢绕组42、分别与M个所述电枢绕组42电性连接的多个导电块43、设于相邻两个所述导电块43之间的绝缘件45及连接所述导电块43和所述绝缘件45的连接件47。所述电枢绕组42通入电流时产生所述电枢磁场，所述电枢磁场与所述次级组件30产生的所述稳定磁场相互作用，以实现所述初级组件40和所述次级组件30沿所述滑动方向发生相对运动。
其中，M不小于2；所述连接件47由绝缘材料制成并沿所述滑动方向X延伸；多个导电块43沿所述滑动方向X间隔设置；多个所述绝缘件45沿所述滑动方向X间隔设置。
所述电枢铁芯41大致呈板体状，其包括面向所述次级组件30的安装面411，所述滑动方向X平行于所述励磁铁芯41的所述安装面411。
所述电枢绕组42包括N层沿所述第一方向Z堆叠设置的绕线线圈48。
所述绕线线圈48包括绕线本体481、由所述绕线本体481围成的通孔482、自所述绕线本体481延伸的进线端483和与所述进线端483间隔设置的出线端484，且M*N个所述绕线线圈48的所述进线端483沿所述滑动X间隔设置，M*N个所述绕线线圈48的所述出线端484沿所述滑动方向X间隔设置，且所述导电块43与所述进线端483和所述出线端484中的至少其中一方电导通。每层所述绕线线圈48的数量可以相同，也可以不相同。
在同一所述电枢绕组42中，第n-1层所述绕线线圈48的所述绕线本体481与第n层所述绕线线圈48的所述绕线本体481沿所述滑动方向X交错布置，且第n层所述绕线线圈48的所述绕线本体481比第n-1层所述绕线线圈48的所述绕线本体481更靠近所述第一端10A。
在相邻两所述电枢绕组42中，一所述电枢绕组42中的第n层所述绕线线圈48的所述绕线本体481与另一所述电枢绕组42中的第n-1层所述绕线线圈48的所述绕线本体沿所述滑动方向交错布置。
其中，N不小于2，n不小于2且不大于N。
如图4所示，所述电枢绕组42包括四层所述绕线线圈48，即N等于4。四层所述绕线线圈48，四层所述绕线线圈48分别为第一层所述绕线线圈48A、第二层所述绕线线圈48B、第三层所述绕线线圈48C及第四层所述绕线线圈48D。
所述初级组件40的所述绕线线圈48的设置方式如下。
1、在同一所述电枢绕组42中,第一层所述绕线线圈48 A的所述绕线本体481与第二层所述绕线线圈48B的所述绕线本体481沿所述滑动方向X交错布置，且第二层所述绕线线圈48B的所述绕线本体481比第一层所述绕线线圈48A的所述绕线本体481更靠近所述第一端10A。
第二层所述绕线线圈48B的所述绕线本体481与第三层所述绕线线圈48C的所述绕线本体481沿所述滑动方向X交错布置，且第三层所述绕线线圈48C的所述绕线本体481比第二层所述绕线线圈48B的所述绕线本体481更靠近所述第一端10A。
第三层所述绕线线圈48C的所述绕线本体481与第四层所述绕线线圈48D的所述绕线本体481沿所述滑动方向X交错布置，且第四层所述绕线线圈48D的所述绕线本体481比第三层所述绕线线圈48C的所述绕线本体481更靠近所述第一端10A。
2、在相邻两所述电枢绕组42中（为了便于说明，特定义相邻两所述电枢绕组42分别为第一所述电枢绕组42A和第二所述电枢绕组42B，且第一所述电枢绕组42A比第二所述电枢绕组42B更靠近所述第一端10A）。
第一所述电枢绕组42A中的第二层所述绕线线圈48B的所述绕线本体481与第二所述电枢绕组42B中的第一层所述绕线线圈48A的所述绕线本体沿所述滑动方向X交错布置。
第一所述电枢绕组42A中的第三层所述绕线线圈48C的所述绕线本体481与第二所述电枢绕组42B中的第二层所述绕线线圈48B的所述绕线本体沿所述滑动方向X交错布置。
第一所述电枢绕组42A中的第四层所述绕线线圈48D的所述绕线本体481与第二所述电枢绕组42B中的第三层所述绕线线圈48C的所述绕线本体沿所述滑动方向X交错布置。
所述绕线本体481包括一对间隔设置的横向部4811和自所述横向部4811的两端弯折延伸的一对间隔设置的纵向部4813。
在同一所述电枢绕组42中，第n-1层所述绕线本体481的所述纵向部4813沿所述第一方向Z与第n层所述绕线本体481的所述纵向部4813部分重叠。
在相邻两所述电枢绕组42中，一所述电枢绕组42中的第n层所述绕线本体481的所述纵向部4813沿所述第一方向Z与另一所述电枢绕组42中的第n-1层所述绕线本体481的所述纵向部4813部分重叠。
任意两所述绕线线圈48中，一所述绕线线圈48的所述横向部4811与另一所述绕线线圈48的所述横向部4811共面。
在本实施例中，所述横向部4811固定于所述励磁铁芯41的所述安装面411上。
在本实施例中，在M*N个所述绕线线圈48中，所述进线端483和所述出线端484沿所述滑动方向X的投影重合。
所述电刷组件70可同时与一个所述电枢绕组42的N个所述进线端483和N个所述出线端484电性连接，以使得所述初级组件40通过所述电刷组件7通入直流电时产生所述电枢磁场，所述电枢磁场与所述次级组件30产生的所述稳定磁场相互作用，从而实现初级组件40和所述次级组件30之间的相对运动。
所述电刷组件70包括相对所述滑座20固定的固定件71以及分别与所述固定件71连接的进线臂72和出线臂73。
如图7所示，所述进线臂72和所述出线臂73大致呈长条状，其沿所述滑动方向X间隔设置；所述固定件71通过固定块80固定在所述次级组件30的所述所述励磁铁芯31上，以使得所述固定件71、所述进线臂72及所述出线臂73相对所述滑座20固定，从而使得所述电刷组件70可随着所述滑座20和所述次级组件30一起滑动，并电性导通所述初级组件40与所述次级组件30相对的的N个所述绕线线圈481，而未与所述电刷组件70的所述进线臂72和所述出线臂73导通的（M-1）*N个所述绕线线圈481则未接入所述电源，也就是说，只有与所述次级组件30相对的所述绕线线圈481才通电，极大的减小了电机铜耗，提升了上述直线电机100效率。
例如，在所述电刷组件70滑动至特定位置时，所述进线臂72通过与N个所述导电块43接触以实现同时与一个所述电枢绕组42的所述进线端483电导通，所述出线臂72通过与N个所述导电块43接触以实现与一个所述电枢绕组42的所述出线端484电导通，从而向所述电枢绕组42提供电流。
可以理解是，多个所述导电块43朝向所述电刷组件70的表面应当位于同一平面上以保证所述电刷组件70在随所述滑座20运动过程中与对应位置的所述导电块43接触。
在本实施例中，所述导电块43的数量为（M+1）*N个，其中，靠近所述第一端10A的N个所述导电块43和靠近所述第二端10B的N个所述导电块43之间的（M+1）*N-2个所述导电块43中的任意一个所述导电块43均所述进线端483和所述出线端484电导通。
可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，也可以不设置导电块、绝缘件及连接件。所述电刷组件直接与所述N层电枢绕组42电性连接。可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，也可以不设置电枢铁芯，而所述电枢绕组42直接固定于所述基座10。
在本实施例中，所述直线电机还包括用于检测所述基座10和所述滑座20相对位移的检测组件90。
所述检测组件90包括栅尺92和栅尺读头91，所述栅尺92固定于所述基座10，所述栅尺读头91固定于所述滑座20，所述栅尺读头91的感应端朝向所述栅尺92。
可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，所述栅尺92也可以所述滑座20，相应地，所述栅尺读头91固定于所述基座10；所述检测组件90也可以为固设于所述滑座20的位移传感器。
第二实施例：请参阅图9，本实施例提供的直线电机200与第一实施例提供的直线电机100的结构基本相同，不同点仅在于：所述次级组件30包括固设于所述滑座20的所述第四板体23的磁轭31以及固设于所述磁轭31朝向所述初级组件40的一侧上的磁钢32，其中，所述磁钢32和所述磁轭31一起用于产生所述稳定磁场。
可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，也可以不设置磁轭，或者，采用电磁体代替磁钢。
第三实施例：请参阅图10，本实施例提供的直线电机300与第一实施例提供的直线电机100的结构基本相同，不同点仅在于：所述第一座为可沿所述滑动方向X运动的滑座20，所述第二座为固定设置的基座10；所述第一磁机构为用于产生稳定磁场并与所述滑座20（即第一座）固定的初级组件40，所述第二磁机构为用于产生电枢磁场并与所述基座10（即第二座）固定的次级组件30（也就是说，所述次级组件30设有两个）。
如图10所示，所述初级组件40设有两个，且两个初级组件40背靠背设置，即两个所述初级组件40的所述电枢绕组42分别正对所述次级组件30；两个所述电刷组件的所述固定件71分别固定于所述基座10的所述第一板体11和所述第二板体15上。
第四实施例：请参阅图11，本实施例提供的直线电机400与第一实施例提供的直线电机300的结构基本相同，不同点仅在于：所述次级组件30包括固设于所述基座10的所述第一板体11或所述第二板体15的磁轭31以及固设于所述磁轭31朝向所述初级组件40的一侧上的磁钢32，其中，所述磁钢32和所述磁轭31一起用于产生所述稳定磁场。
可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，也可以不设置磁轭，或者，采用电磁体代替磁钢。
与相关技术相比，本发明提供的直线电机包括第一磁机构和两个第二磁机构，且所述第一磁机构和所述第二磁机构中的其中一方为用于产生电枢磁场的初级组件，另一方为用于产生稳定磁场的次级组件，由于两个所述第二磁机构分别设于所述第一磁机构的相对两侧，可以降低所述第一磁机构受到的法向吸力（即第一方向的吸力）；初级组件采用直流电流驱动，且不再使用多相绕组结构，结构简单，控制简单，控制成本低；由于电刷组件可同时与一个所述电枢绕组的N个所述进线端和N个所述出线端电性连接，实现初级组件通入直流电时，所述初级组件产生的电枢磁场与所述次级组件产生的所述稳定磁场相互作用，从而实现初级组件和次级组件间的相对滑动，而且，同一时刻只有少部分电枢绕组通电，极大的减小了电机铜耗，提升了电机效率。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种直线电机，其特征在于，所述直线电机包括：
    第一座和第二座，所述第二座与所述第一座连接且与所述第一座可沿滑动方向相对运动；
    第一磁机构和两个第二磁机构，两个所述第二磁机构沿垂直于所述滑动方向的第一方向分别设于所述第一磁机构的相对两侧，所述第一磁机构和所述第二磁机构中的其中一方为用于产生电枢磁场并固定于所述第一座的初级组件，另一方为用于产生稳定磁场并固定于所述第二座的次级组件，所述稳定磁场与所述电枢磁场相互作用以使所述初级组件和所述次级组件沿所述滑动方向相对运动；所述初级组件包括M个沿所述滑动方向设置的电枢绕组，所述电枢绕组包括N层沿所述第一方向堆叠设置的绕线线圈，所述绕线线圈包括绕线本体、由所述绕线本体围成的通孔、自所述绕线本体延伸的进线端及与所述进线端间隔设置的出线端，M*N个所述绕线线圈的所述进线端沿所述滑动间隔设置，M*N个所述绕线线圈的所述出线端沿所述滑动方向间隔设置，其中，N和M均不小于2；
    电刷组件，相对所述第二座固定，其包括沿所述滑动方向间隔设置的进线臂和出线臂，所述进线臂和所述出线臂可同时分别与一个所述电枢绕组的N个所述进线端和N个所述出线端电性连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，在M*N个所述绕线线圈中，所述进线端和所述出线端沿所述滑动方向的投影重合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述第一座具有沿所述滑动方向间隔设置的第一端和第二端，在同一所述电枢绕组中，第n-1层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体与第n层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体沿所述滑动方向交错布置，且第n层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体比第n-1层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体更靠近所述第一端；在相邻两所述电枢绕组中，一所述电枢绕组中的第n-1层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体与另一所述电枢绕组中的第n层所述绕线线圈的所述绕线本体沿所述滑动方向交错布置；其中，n不小于2且不大于N。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述绕线本体包括间隔设置的一对横向部以及连接所述横向部的两端且间隔设置的一对纵向部；
    在同一所述电枢绕组中，第n-1层所述绕线本体的所述纵向部沿所述第一方向与第n层所述绕线本体的所述纵向部部分重叠；
    在相邻两所述电枢绕组中，一所述电枢绕组中的第n层所述绕线本体的所述纵向部沿所述第一方向与另一所述电枢绕组中的第n-1层所述绕线本体的所述纵向部部分重叠。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的直线电机，其特征在于，任意两所述绕线线圈中，一所述绕线线圈的所述横向部与另一所述绕线线圈的所述横向部共面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级组件还包括固定于所述第一座的电枢铁芯，所述电枢绕组固定于所述电枢铁芯朝向所述次级组件的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级组件还包括多个沿所述滑动方向间隔设置的导电块，所述导电块与所述进线端和所述出线端中的至少其中一方电导通，其中，所述进线臂通过N个所述导电块可同时与一个所述电枢绕组的所述进线端电性连接；所述出线臂通过N个所述导电块可同时与一个所述电枢绕组的所述出线端电性连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级组件还包括设于相邻两个所述导电块之间的绝缘件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述初级组件还包括连接件，所述导电块和所述绝缘件通过所述连接件连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述电刷组件还包括连接所述进线臂和所述出线臂的固定件，所述固定件相对所述第二座固定。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述次级组件包括相对所述第二座固定的励磁绕组。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述次级组件包括还包括固定于所述第二座的励磁铁芯，所述励磁绕组固定于所述励磁铁芯朝向所述初级组件的一侧。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述励磁铁芯朝向所述初级组件的一侧形成有多个励磁齿部，所述励磁绕组绕设于所述励磁齿部上。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述次级组件包括相对所述第二座固定的磁钢。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述次级组件还包括固定于所述第二座的磁轭，所述磁钢固设于所述磁轭朝向所述初级组件的一侧。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的直线电机，其特征在于，所述第一座与所述第二座通过导轨组件滑动连接。
PCT/CN2020/120490 2020-09-01 2020-10-12 直线电机 WO2022047884A1 (zh)

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