WO2022042495A1 - 一种电池 - Google Patents

一种电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022042495A1
WO2022042495A1 PCT/CN2021/114106 CN2021114106W WO2022042495A1 WO 2022042495 A1 WO2022042495 A1 WO 2022042495A1 CN 2021114106 W CN2021114106 W CN 2021114106W WO 2022042495 A1 WO2022042495 A1 WO 2022042495A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tab
cover plate
pole core
diaphragm
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/114106
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王信月
邓洞军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYD Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BYD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Priority to JP2023513943A priority Critical patent/JP7703646B2/ja
Priority to KR1020237008084A priority patent/KR20230049687A/ko
Publication of WO2022042495A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022042495A1/zh
Priority to US18/115,212 priority patent/US20230207982A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/474—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their position inside the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a secondary battery.
  • the tabs drawn from the pole core will be bent to different degrees during the process of connecting with the cover plate.
  • the roots of the tabs When the tabs are bent, the roots of the tabs are inclined, causing the roots of the tabs to overwhelm the diaphragm, and when the inclination is severe.
  • the base of the tab will cross the separator and contact the pole piece, causing a short circuit in the secondary battery.
  • the space design in the battery case has a certain influence on the bending angle of the tabs. If the space is too small, the tabs will always be squeezed in a small space, which cannot meet the requirements of the bending angle of the tabs, which will lead to A short circuit has occurred. If the bending space is too large, the high utilization rate of the cell will be lost, resulting in a reduction in the capacity of the cell.
  • the content of the present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • the present application provides a battery, the battery includes: a casing; a cover plate, the cover plate covers the casing; a pole core, the pole core is arranged in the casing; There is a tab; a tab bending space is formed between the cover plate and the pole core, the tab bending space is used to accommodate the bent tab, and the tab bending space is along the first direction.
  • the height is greater than D/10 and less than 3D/4; D is the thickness of the pole core.
  • the height of the tab bending space along the first direction is Dg, and Dg further satisfies the relationship: D*sin45° ⁇ Dg ⁇ [D/2-(tan(90°- a)*Dz)] ⁇ tan ⁇ ; D is the thickness of the pole core, Dz is 1mm-2mm, a is the bending angle of the tab, and ⁇ is 10-30 degrees.
  • the bending angle of the tab is 45-135 degrees.
  • the pole core includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet;
  • the tab bending space is divided into a tab bending area and a The tab transition area;
  • the tab bending area is provided at the end of the diaphragm, the tab is bent at the end of the diaphragm and forms a tab bending angle, and the tab bending angle is located in the tab bending area;
  • the tab transition area is set between the tab bending area and the cover plate; the bent tab passes through the tab transition area and The cover plate is fixedly connected.
  • the height of the tab bending region along the first direction is 1-2 mm.
  • the height of the separator is greater than the height of the negative electrode sheet, and the height of the negative electrode sheet is greater than the height of the positive electrode sheet; along the first direction, the height of the separator exceeds the height of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the part of the end of the negative electrode sheet is an exposed diaphragm, and the area where the exposed diaphragm is located constitutes an extension area of the diaphragm; the tab is bent at the junction of the extension area of the diaphragm and the bending area of the electrode tab to form the outer diaphragm. Describe the bending angle of the pole ear.
  • the exposed diaphragm in the extension region of the diaphragm, is parallel to the tab located in the extension region of the diaphragm.
  • the battery further includes an inner spacer and an outer spacer; the inner spacer and the outer spacer are respectively fixedly connected to the cover plate; the lower surface of the inner spacer is connected to the cover plate.
  • the distance between the upper end faces of the pole core is 0-1mm.
  • a plurality of the tabs are combined to form a tab confluence; the tab confluence is externally provided with a tab protection sheet; The tab protection sheet is connected with the cover plate lead-out sheet.
  • the width of the tab protection sheet is 8-12 mm.
  • the application can not only avoid the tab bending space being too small and lead to a short circuit caused by the tab being squeezed, but also avoid the tab bending space being too large. Causes the tabs to be pulled and loses high cell utilization.
  • the battery of the present application has a reasonable space design, which ensures that the bending angle of the tabs is kept within a certain range to avoid short circuits, improves the safety of the battery, and ensures a high utilization rate of the battery cells, thereby increasing the capacity of the battery cells.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application when the tabs of the battery pole core are combined and are not bent or unfolded.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pole core of the battery according to the embodiment of the present application being connected in parallel with the cover plate before the core is not closed or when it is unfolded.
  • the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the battery 10 may be a lithium-ion secondary battery or another type of battery.
  • the battery 10 includes: a casing 1 , a cover plate 2 and a pole core 3 .
  • the casing 1 is provided with a cavity for accommodating the pole core 3
  • the pole core 3 is arranged in the cavity of the casing 1 .
  • One end of the casing 1 is provided with an opening, and a cover plate 2 covers the opening of the casing 1 .
  • the pole core 3 is a laminated pole core or a wound pole core.
  • the number of pole cores 3 is at least one.
  • the housing 1 is provided with one pole core 3 , or the housing 1 is provided with two pole cores 3 , or the housing 1 is provided with three pole cores 3 .
  • the number of pole cores 3 is not limited, as long as it can meet the actual installation and use requirements.
  • the pole core 3 includes a positive electrode sheet 31 , a negative electrode sheet 32 and a separator 33 disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. As shown in FIG.
  • the AA line is the straight line where the end of the positive electrode sheet 31 is located; the BB line is the straight line where the end portion of the negative electrode sheet 32 is located; the CC line is the straight line where the end portion of the diaphragm 33 is located; the height of the diaphragm 33 along the first direction is greater than that of the negative electrode sheet 32
  • the height along the first direction the height of the negative electrode sheet 32 along the first direction is greater than the height of the positive electrode sheet 31 along the first direction.
  • the first direction is the height direction of the battery 10 . In the first direction, the portion of the separator 33 beyond the end of the negative electrode sheet 32 is an exposed separator.
  • the pole core 3 is provided with a plurality of pole tabs 34 , and the plurality of pole tabs 34 are respectively connected to the pole pieces in the pole core 3 .
  • the tab 34 includes a positive tab and a negative tab, the positive tab is connected to the positive tab, and the negative tab is connected to the negative tab.
  • One ends of the plurality of positive electrode tabs are respectively connected with the positive electrode sheet, and the other ends of the plurality of positive electrode tabs are confluent and connected to the cover plate.
  • One ends of the plurality of negative electrode tabs are respectively connected with the negative electrode sheet, and the other ends of the plurality of negative electrode tabs are confluent and connected to the cover plate.
  • a tab bending space for accommodating the bent tab 34 is formed between the cover plate 2 and the pole core 3 .
  • the tab bending space includes a tab bending area 12 and a tab transition area 13 .
  • the D-D line is the dividing line between the tab bending area 12 and the tab transition area 13 .
  • the area between the D-D line and the E-E line is the tab transition area 13 .
  • the portion of the separator 33 beyond the end of the negative electrode sheet 32 is an exposed separator, and the area where the exposed separator is located constitutes the separator extension region 11 .
  • the diaphragm extension area 11 , the tab bending area 12 and the tab transition area 13 are sequentially distributed along the first direction.
  • the tab transition area 13 is disposed between the tab bending area 12 and the cover plate 2 , and the tab transition area 13 is disposed adjacent to the tab bending area 12 .
  • the bent tabs 34 are fixedly connected to the cover plate 2 through the tab transition region 13 .
  • the first direction is the height direction of the battery 10 .
  • the height of the tab bending region 12 along the first direction is 1 mm-2 mm.
  • the exposed diaphragm is parallel to the tabs located in the diaphragm extension area, so as to prevent the tabs from pressing down on the diaphragm and causing a short circuit.
  • the tab bending area 12 is located at the end of the diaphragm 33 , and the tab 34 is bent at the end of the diaphragm 33 to form a tab bending angle a, which is located in the tab bending area 12 .
  • the tab 34 is bent at the junction of the diaphragm extension area 11 and the tab bending area 12 and forms a tab bending angle a.
  • the bending angle a of the tab is 45°-135°.
  • the bending angle of the tab is 60°-120°.
  • the angle design of the tab bending angle avoids that when the tab is bent, the tab bending angle is too small to cause the positive and negative electrodes and the diaphragm to squeeze each other, thereby causing the risk of battery short circuit.
  • the inner side of the cover plate 2 is provided with a cover plate lead-out piece 21 , and a tab bending space is formed between the cover plate lead-out piece 21 and the pole core 3 .
  • the tab transition area 13 is disposed between the tab bending area 12 and the cover plate lead-out piece 21 .
  • the inner side of the cover plate 2 refers to the side of the cover plate 2 opposite to the pole core 3.
  • the tab protection sheet 35 is welded with the cover tab 21 of the cover sheet 2 , so as to realize the connection between the tab 34 and the cover sheet 2 .
  • the width of the tab protection sheet 35 is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm.
  • the tab protection sheet 35 ensures that the tabs are not cracked by ultrasonic vibration during welding, resulting in capacity loss.
  • the width design of the tab protection sheet 35 further ensures that a sufficient welding area is provided for the subsequent laser welding, and also ensures that the laser welding can be completely pressed, thereby improving the reliability of the laser welding.
  • the battery 10 has two pole cores 3
  • the cover plate 2 has two cover plate lead-out pieces 21 .
  • each pole core 3 After the plurality of tabs 34 of each pole core 3 are merged, they are bent parallel to the cover plate lead-out piece 21 and welded to the cover plate lead-out plate 21 respectively, thereby ensuring reliable welding of the cover plate lead-out plate 21 and the tab protection plate 35 .
  • the cover plate 2 is provided with a pole post 22, the cover plate lead-out piece 21 is connected to the pole post 22, and the tab protection sheet 35 is welded with the cover plate lead-out piece 21, thereby realizing connection and current conduction.
  • An insulating member 24 is also provided between the inner side of the cover plate 2 and the cover plate lead-out sheet 21. The insulating member 24 insulates the cover plate 2 from the positive and negative electrodes of the pole core, preventing the positive and negative electrodes from contacting the cover plate at the same time and causing short circuit of the battery.
  • the height of the tab bending space along the first direction is greater than D/10 and less than 3D/4, and D is the thickness of the pole core.
  • the tab bending space is designed, so that the tab bending space can be in a reasonably optimized range, which can not only avoid the short circuit caused by the tab being squeezed, but also improve the high utilization rate of the battery cell and improve the battery cell. capacity.
  • the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application further includes an inner spacer 4 and an outer spacer 5 .
  • Both the inner spacer 4 and the outer spacer 5 are fixedly connected with the cover plate 2 .
  • the inner spacer 4, the outer spacer 5 and the cover plate 2 can be snap-connected.
  • the inner spacer 4 is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate 2, and the distance between the lower end face of the inner spacer 4 and the upper end face of the pole core 3 is 0-1mm. By setting this distance, the bending space can be further limited and supported, while preventing the The core 3 plays in the first direction.
  • the outer spacer 5 is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate 2 and is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the pole core 3 can be prevented from shaking in the second direction.
  • the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the second direction is the width or length direction of the battery 10 .
  • FIG. 2 a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application when the tabs of the battery pole core are not bent or unfolded after being assembled.
  • a tab end staggered layer area 341 After the multiple tabs 34 of one pole core 3 are merged, a tab end staggered layer area 341 , a tab welding area 342 , and a pre-welding pressing area 343 are formed in sequence.
  • the width of the tab end staggered area 341 is d1
  • the tab welding area 342 is provided with a tab protection sheet 35
  • the width of the tab protection sheet 35 is d2
  • the width direction of the tab protection sheet 35 is the left and right in FIG. 2 .
  • the width of the pre-soldered pressing area 343 is d3
  • the thickness of the pole core 3 is D
  • the length of the exposed tab exposed to the pole core 3 , the width of the pre-welded pressing area 343 , the thickness of the pole core 3 , and the tab bending angle a of the tab 34 are determined.
  • the bending angle of the tab 34 is a
  • this setting can make the width of the tab end staggered layer region 341 suitable, and can avoid the width of the tab end staggered layer region 341 from being too wide, so that it can be exposed to the pole end.
  • the length of the tabs of the core 3 is more suitable. 8mm ⁇ d2 ⁇ 12mm, preferably, d2 is 10mm, this setting can make the width of the tab protection sheet 35 suitable, can ensure the welding width of the tab welding area 342, and thus can make the length of the tab exposed to the pole core 3. It is more suitable and more beneficial to the production and manufacture of the pole core 3 .
  • d3 is 1.5mm
  • the width of the pre-welding pressing area 343 can be made suitable, and the pre-welding pressure block can be By pressing the plurality of tabs 34 , the welding quality of the plurality of tabs 34 can be ensured, thereby ensuring the production quality of the pole core 3 .
  • FIG. 3 a schematic diagram of the pole core of the battery according to an embodiment of the present application being connected in parallel with the cover plate before the core is not closed or when it is unfolded.
  • the plurality of tabs 34 are welded together with the cover plate 2 of the battery 10 to form a welding point 23 .
  • the distance between the pole core 3 and the solder joint 23 is determined according to the thickness of the pole core 3 , the tab bending angle a of the tab 34 , and the width of the tab protection sheet 35 .
  • the distance between the pole core 3 and the solder joint 23 is L1
  • the thickness of the pole core 3 is D
  • the width of the tab protection sheet 35 is d2
  • the distance from the end of the diaphragm 33 of the pole core 3 opposite to the solder joint 23 to the midpoint position of the solder joint 23 is L1. This setting can further prevent the pole ear 34 from being pulled after being bent, and can further prevent the pole ear 34 from tearing. crack.
  • the movable length of the tabs 34 is more suitable, which prevents the tabs 34 from being squeezed, and improves the safety of the battery 10 in use.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池（10），包括：壳体（1）；盖板（2），盖板（2）封盖壳体（1）；极芯（3），极芯（3）设置于壳体（1）内；极芯（3）上设有极耳（34），多个极耳（34）汇合后与盖板（2）连接；盖板（2）与极芯（3）之间形成有容置折弯的极耳（34）的极耳折弯空间（12、13），极耳折弯空间（12、13）沿第一方向的高度大于D/10且小于3D/4，D为极芯（3）的厚度。

Description

一种电池
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2020年8月31日提交的、发明名称为“一种电池”的、中国专利申请号“202010899177.5”的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，尤其是涉及一种二次电池。
背景技术
相关技术的二次电池，从极芯引出的极耳在与盖板相连的过程中会发生不同程度弯折，极耳弯折时，极耳根部发生倾斜致使极耳根部压倒隔膜，倾斜严重时极耳根部会越过隔膜和极片接触造成二次电池发生短路。电池壳体内的空间设计对极耳弯折角度具有一定的影响，空间过小，则导致极耳在很小的空间内始终处于被挤压状态，无法达到极耳折弯角的要求，进而导致发生短路。折弯空间过大，则会损失电芯高度利用率，导致电芯容量减少。
发明内容
本申请内容旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本申请提供一种电池，电池包括：壳体；盖板，所述盖板封盖所述壳体；极芯，所述极芯设置于所述壳体内；所述极芯上设有极耳；所述盖板与所述极芯之间形成极耳折弯空间，所述极耳折弯空间用于容纳折弯的极耳，所述极耳折弯空间沿第一方向的高度大于D/10且小于3D/4；D为所述极芯的厚度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述极耳折弯空间沿所述第一方向的高度为Dg，Dg进一步满足关系式：D*sin45°≥Dg≥[D/2-(tan(90°-a)*Dz)]×tanβ；D为所述极芯的厚度，Dz为1mm-2mm，a为所述极耳折弯角，β为10-30度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述极耳折弯角为45-135度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述极芯包括正极片、负极片以及设置于所述正极片与所述负极片之间的隔膜；所述极耳折弯空间分为极耳折弯区和极耳过渡区；所述极耳折弯区设于所述隔膜的端部，所述极耳在所述隔膜的端部发生弯折并形成极耳折弯角，所述极耳折弯角位于所述极耳折弯区内；所述极耳过渡区设于所述极耳折弯区与所述盖板之间；折弯后的所述极耳穿过所述极耳过渡区与所述盖板固定连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述极耳折弯区沿所述第一方向的高度为1-2mm。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿所述第一方向，所述隔膜高度大于所述负极片高度， 所述负极片高度大于所述正极片高度；沿所述第一方向，所述隔膜的超过所述负极片端部的部分为外露隔膜，所述外露隔膜所在的区域构成隔膜延伸区；所述极耳在所述隔膜延伸区和所述极耳折弯区的交界处发生弯折并形成所述极耳折弯角。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述隔膜延伸区内，所述外露隔膜与位于所述隔膜延伸区的所述极耳平行。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述电池还包括内隔圈和外隔圈；所述内隔圈和所述外隔圈分别与所述盖板固定连接；所述内隔圈下表面与所述极芯上端面之间距离为0—1mm。
根据本申请的一些实施例，多个所述极耳汇合并形成极耳汇合部；所述极耳汇合部外装设有极耳保护片；所述盖板上还设有盖板引出片，所述极耳保护片与所述盖板引出片连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述极耳保护片的宽度为8-12mm。
本申请的有益效果：本申请通过对电池壳体内极耳折弯空间的设计，既能避免极耳折弯空间过小导致极耳被挤压引发短路；又能避免极耳折弯空间过大导致极耳被拉扯并损失电芯高度利用率。本申请电池具有合理的空间设计，保证极耳折弯角保持在一定范围内避免短路，提升了电池安全性，又保证了电芯高度利用率进而提升电芯容量。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例的电池的剖面示意图；
图2是本申请实施例电池极芯的极耳汇合后未折弯或展开时示意图。
图3是本申请实施例的电池的极芯未合芯前或展开时与盖板平行连接的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“厚度”、“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考附图描述本申请实施例的电池10。电池10可以为锂离子二次电池或为其他类型的电池。
如图1所示，本申请实施例电池10包括：壳体1，盖板2和极芯3。壳体1内设有用于容置极芯3的空腔，极芯3设置于壳体1空腔。壳体1一端设有开口，盖板2封盖于壳体1的开口处。极芯3为叠片式极芯或是卷绕式极芯。极芯3的数量为至少一个，例如，壳体1内设有一个极芯3，或是壳体1内设有二个极芯3，或是壳体1内设有三个极芯3等。极芯3的数量不做限制，能够满足实际的安装以及使用需求即可。极芯3包括正极片31、负极片32以及设置于正极片与负极片之间的隔膜33。如图1所示，A-A线为正极片31端部所在直线；B-B线为负极片32端部所在直线；C-C线为隔膜33端部所在直线；隔膜33沿第一方向的高度大于负极片32沿第一方向的高度，负极片32沿第一方向的高度大于正极片31沿第一方向的高度。所述第一方向为电池10的高度方向。沿第一方向上，隔膜33的超过负极片32端部的部分为外露隔膜。极芯3上设有多个极耳34，多个极耳34分别与极芯3中的极片相连。极耳34包括正极耳和负极耳，正极耳与正极片相连，负极耳与负极片相连。多个正极耳的一端分别与正极片相连，多个正极耳的另一端汇合后与盖板相连。多个负极耳的一端分别与负极片相连，多个负极耳的另一端汇合后与盖板相连。
如图1所示，盖板2与极芯3之间形成有容置折弯的极耳34的极耳折弯空间。极耳折弯空间包括极耳折弯区12和极耳过渡区13。如图1所示，D-D线为极耳折弯区12和极耳过渡区13的分割线。D-D线与E-E线之间的区域为极耳过渡区13。沿第一方向上，隔膜33的超过负极片32端部的部分为外露隔膜，外露隔膜所在的区域构成隔膜延伸区11。隔膜延伸区11、极耳折弯区12和极耳过渡区13沿第一方向依次分布。极耳过渡区13设于极耳折弯区12与盖板2之间且极耳过渡区13与极耳折弯区12相邻设置。折弯后的极耳34穿过极耳过渡区13与盖板2固定连接。所述第一方向为电池10的高度方向。极耳折弯区12沿第一方向的高度为1mm-2mm。隔膜延伸区11内，外露隔膜与位于所述隔膜延伸区的极耳平行，避免极耳压倒隔膜产生短路。
极耳折弯区12位于隔膜33的端部，极耳34在隔膜33的端部发生弯折并形成极耳折弯角a，极耳折弯角a位于极耳折弯区12内。极耳34在隔膜延伸区11和极耳折弯区12的交界处发生弯折并形成极耳折弯角a。极耳折弯角a为45°—135°。优选的，极耳折弯角为60°—120°。极耳折弯角的角度设计，避免了极耳折弯时，极耳折弯角过小导致正负极、隔膜相互挤压，进而出现电池短路风险。
盖板2内侧面设有盖板引出片21，盖板引出片21与极芯3之间构成极耳折弯空间。极耳过渡区13设于极耳折弯区12与盖板引出片21之间。盖板2内侧面指与极芯3相 对的盖板2的侧面。多个极耳34汇合后，在多个极耳34的汇合处设有极耳保护片35。多个极耳34汇合后形成的极耳汇合部设置于两个极耳保护片35之间。极耳34汇合部与极耳保护片35焊接。极耳保护片35与盖板2的盖板引出片21焊接，进而实现极耳34与盖板2的连接。极耳保护片35的宽度大于或者等于8mm，且小于或者等于12mm。极耳保护片35保证极耳焊接时不被超声振裂，造成容量损失的后果。极耳保护片35的宽度设计进一步保证给后续激光焊接提供充足的焊接区域，也保证激光焊时能完全压紧，提高激光焊接的可靠性。如图1实施例所示，电池10具有两个极芯3，盖板2具有两个盖板引出片21。每个极芯3的多个极耳34汇合后，折弯与盖板引出片21平行，并分别与盖板引出片21焊接，进而保证盖板引出片21与极耳保护片35实现可靠焊接。盖板2上设有极柱22，盖板引出片21与极柱22相连，极耳保护片35与盖板引出片21焊接，进而实现连接以及电流传导。盖板2内侧面与盖板引出片21之间还设有绝缘件24，绝缘件24将盖板2与极芯正负极绝缘，防止正负极同时接触盖板导致电池短路。
为了能够保证极耳折弯角a保持在一定范围内避免短路，又能提升电芯高度利用率，极耳折弯空间沿第一方向的高度大于D/10且小于3D/4，D为所述极芯的厚度。
极耳折弯空间沿第一方向的高度为Dg，满足关系式：D*sin45°≥Dg≥[D/2-(tan(90°-a)*Dz)]×tanβ；D为所述极芯的厚度，β为10°-30°，即β为10-30度；Dz为1mm-2mm，a为所述极耳折弯角，45°<＝a<＝135°，即a为45-135度。
例如，当极耳折弯角a为30°，Dz为1mm,β为10°时，[D/2-(tan(90°-a)*Dz)]×tanβ＝[D/2-(tan(90°-30°)*1)]×tan10°。
本申请实施例对极耳折弯空间进行设计，可使极耳折弯空间在一个合理优化的范围，即能避免极耳被挤压导致短路，又能提升电芯高度利用率，提升电芯容量。
本申请实施例电池10还进一步包括内隔圈4和外隔圈5。内隔圈4、外隔圈5均与盖板2固定连接。内隔圈4、外隔圈5与盖板2可以卡扣连接。内隔圈4设置于盖板2内侧面，内隔圈4下端面与极芯3上端面之间的距离为0-1mm，通过该距离设置，可以进一步限定和支撑折弯空间，同时防止极芯3在第一方向上窜动。外隔圈5设置于盖板2内侧面，且与所述第一方向垂直设置。通过设置外隔圈5，可防止极芯3沿第二方向晃动。所述第二方向与所述第一方向垂直。所述第二方向为电池10的宽度或长度方向。外隔圈5与极芯3之间具有一定间隙，以防止极芯3膨胀后与外隔圈5挤压受力。
如图2所示，本申请一实施例电池极芯的极耳汇合后未折弯时或展开时示意图。一个极芯3的多个极耳34汇合后依次形成极耳端部错层区341、极耳焊接区342、预焊压合区343。极耳端部错层区341的宽度为d1，极耳焊接区342设有极耳保护片35，极耳保护片35的宽度为d2，极耳保护片35的宽度方向为图2中的左右方向，预焊压 合区343的宽度为d3，极芯3的厚度为D，外露于极芯3的外露的极耳的长度根据极耳端部错层区341的宽度、极耳焊接区342的宽度、预焊压合区343的宽度、极芯3的厚度、极耳34的极耳折弯角a确定。极耳34的极耳折弯角为a，外露于极芯3的外露的极耳的长度为L，满足关系式：L＝d1+d2+d3+D/2*tana，45°<＝a<＝135°。0mm<d1<8mm，优选地，d1为4mm，这样设置能够使极耳端部错层区341的宽度适宜，可以避免极耳端部错层区341的宽度过宽，从而可以使外露于极芯3的极耳的长度更加适宜。8mm≤d2≤12mm，优选地，d2为10mm，如此设置能够使极耳保护片35的宽度适宜，可以保证极耳焊接区342的焊接宽度，从而可以使外露于极芯3的极耳的长度更加适宜，更加有利于极芯3的生产和制造。0.5mm≤d3≤2mm，优选地，d3为1.5mm，在焊接多个极耳34时，通过将d3设置为1.5mm，能够使预焊压合区343的宽度适宜，可以使预焊压块压紧多个极耳34，从而可以保证多个极耳34的焊接质量，进而可以保证极芯3的生产质量。
如图3所示，本申请一实施例的电池的极芯未合芯前或展开时与盖板平行连接的示意图。多个极耳34汇合后与电池10的盖板2焊接并形成焊点23。极芯3至焊点23间的间隔距离根据极芯3的厚度、极耳34的极耳折弯角a、极耳保护片35的宽度确定。极芯3至焊点23的间隔距离为L1，极芯3的厚度为D，极耳保护片35的宽度为d2，极耳34的极耳折弯角为a，满足关系式：L1＝D/2*tana+d2/2，其中，极耳折弯角a满足关系式：45°≤a≤135°。极芯3的隔膜33的与焊点23相对的端部至焊点23的中点位置的间隔距离为L1，如此设置能够进一步避免极耳34折弯后被拉扯，可以进一步防止极耳34撕裂。并且，极耳34可活动长度更加适宜，防止极耳34被挤压，提升电池10的使用安全性。
根据本申请实施例的电池10的其他构成以及操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“具体实施例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    壳体；
    盖板，所述盖板封盖所述壳体；
    极芯，所述极芯设置于所述壳体内；所述极芯上设有极耳；多个所述极耳汇合后与所述盖板连接；
    其特征在于：
    所述盖板与所述极芯之间设有极耳折弯空间，所述极耳折弯空间用于容纳折弯的极耳，所述极耳折弯空间沿第一方向的高度大于D/10且小于3D/4；
    D为所述极芯的厚度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，
    所述极耳折弯空间沿所述第一方向的高度为Dg，Dg进一步满足关系式：
    D*sin45°≥Dg≥[D/2-(tan(90°-a)*Dz)]×tanβ；
    D为所述极芯的厚度，Dz为1mm-2mm，a为所述极耳折弯角，β为10-30度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，其特征在于，
    所述极耳折弯角为45-135度。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电池，其特征在于，
    所述极芯包括正极片、负极片以及设置于所述正极片与所述负极片之间的隔膜；
    所述极耳折弯空间分为极耳折弯区和极耳过渡区；
    所述极耳折弯区设于所述隔膜的端部，所述极耳在所述隔膜的端部发生弯折并形成极耳折弯角，所述极耳折弯角位于所述极耳折弯区内；
    所述极耳过渡区设于所述极耳折弯区与所述盖板之间；折弯后的所述极耳穿过所述极耳过渡区与所述盖板固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其特征在于，所述极耳折弯区沿所述第一方向的高度为1-2mm。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的电池，其特征在于，
    沿所述第一方向，所述隔膜高度大于所述负极片高度，所述负极片高度大于所述正极片高度；
    沿所述第一方向，所述隔膜的超过所述负极片端部的部分为外露隔膜，所述外露隔膜所在的区域构成隔膜延伸区；
    所述极耳在所述隔膜延伸区和所述极耳折弯区的交界处发生弯折并形成所述极耳折弯角。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池，其特征在于，所述隔膜延伸区内，所述外露隔膜与位于所述隔膜延伸区的所述极耳平行。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的电池，其特征在于，
    所述电池还包括内隔圈和外隔圈；
    所述内隔圈和所述外隔圈分别与所述盖板固定连接；
    所述内隔圈下表面与所述极芯上端面之间距离为0—1mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的电池，其特征在于，
    多个所述极耳汇合并形成极耳汇合部；所述极耳汇合部外装设有极耳保护片；
    所述盖板上还设有盖板引出片，所述极耳保护片与所述盖板引出片连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池，其特征在于，所述极耳保护片的宽度为8-12mm。
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