WO2022041352A1 - Feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, and preparation method therefor and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, and a preparation method therefor and an application thereof, relating to the technical field of animal husbandry and veterinary. The feed additive is prepared by uniformly mixing compound amino acids, probiotic powder, nicotinamide, chitosan, β-cyclodextrin and fulvic acid; the prepared additive is used for adding to animal feed and is suitable for feeding animals, especially for feeding poultry animals. By adding a reasonable ratio of the compound amino acids, the probiotic powder, immunopotentiators (the chitosan and the fulvic acid), and stabilizers for keeping beneficial bacteria stable (the niacinamide and the β-cyclodextrin), the immunity of animals can be effectively improved, diarrhea can be prevented/treated, production performance can be improved, and then use of antibiotics is reduced/replaced, thereby solving the problem of poor livestock resistance when drug feed additives are not used.

Description

Feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity and its preparation method and application technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine, and relates to a feed additive and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, consumers have been paying more and more attention to food safety, and the state's supervision of veterinary antibiotics has become more and more strict. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs announced the "Notice on Carrying out the Pilot Work on the Use of Veterinary Antimicrobials from 2018 to 2021", which clarified the timetable for antibiotic restriction and prohibition in the breeding process, and medicated feed additives began to withdraw from the market in 2020. . In the face of the "anti-antibiotic restriction" and "anti-antibiotic prohibition" policies issued by the state, the withdrawal of medicated feed additives has resulted in poor resistance and increased diarrhea rate during the growth and development of livestock and poultry, which has brought great losses to the breeding industry. Therefore, the development of products that can replace some of the functions of antibiotics has great market value.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, so as to solve the problem of poor resistance of livestock and poultry when the medicated feed additive is not used;

Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity;

Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, in parts by weight, the raw materials for making its active ingredients include: 0.086-0.36 parts of compound amino acids, 3-6 parts of probiotic bacteria powder, 1-3 parts of nicotinamide, shell 0.5-2 parts of polysaccharide, 1-3 parts of β-cyclodextrin and 0.5-2 parts of fulvic acid.

As a limitation, in parts by weight, the raw materials for making the active ingredient of the compound amino acid include: 1-12 parts of glutamic acid, 6-18 parts of threonine and 1.6-6 parts of glycine.

As another limitation, in parts by weight, the raw materials for making the active ingredients of the probiotic powder include: 2-4 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, 1-3 parts of Bacillus licheniformis powder and Bacillus coagulans 1 to 3 servings of powder;

Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Wuxi Byford Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

Bacillus licheniformis was purchased from Jiangsu Yuanshan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

Bacillus coagulans was purchased from Jiangsu Yuanshan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

These probiotics are used in the present invention, but are not limited to the probiotics of the above-mentioned companies. It should be understood that the probiotics involved in the technical solution claimed in the present invention are all probiotics of the same species and genus with the same performance.

As a further limitation, the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity contains Bacillus subtilis≥1.0×10 ⁶ CFU/g, Bacillus licheniformis addition amount≥1.0×10 ⁶ CFU/g, Bacillus coagulans≥1.0×10 ⁶ CFU/g.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity.

The present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, characterized in that the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity is used for feeding animals to improve immunity and prevent/treat diarrhea.

As a limitation, the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity is used to add to animal feed.

Owing to adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the technical progress achieved in the present invention is:

The present invention can effectively improve animal health by adding compound amino acids, probiotic bacteria powder, immune enhancers (chitosan and fulvic acid), and stabilizers (nicotinamide and β-cyclodextrin) in a reasonable proportion to keep the beneficial bacteria stable. Body immunity, prevent/treat diarrhea, improve production performance, thereby reducing/replacing the use of antibiotics;

Among them, the compound amino acid contains glutamic acid, threonine and glycine. Glutamate is an important component of food protein, and can play an important role in nutrient metabolism, energy supply, immune response, oxidative stress and regulation of signaling pathways. Threonine, as an essential amino acid in animal growth, plays an important role in animal nutrition metabolism, immune response and other processes. For example, mucus composed of glycoproteins and mucins is rich in threonine. Glycine plays an important role in nutrient metabolism, energy supply and other processes, and also has the effect of antagonizing endotoxin and heat stress. While providing the body with the required amino acids, compound amino acids can also resist heat stress, increase the corresponding immune protein content, and then improve production performance. Compound amino acids can also promote the growth and colonization of probiotics; the three amino acids cooperate with each other to achieve anti-oxidative stress and signal pathway regulation, help the production of mucosal immune components composed of glycoproteins and mucins in the body, and have the ability to antagonize bacterial endotoxins and anti-heat stress effect. But beyond the ratio of the present invention or using other amino acids can not play the above-mentioned effect well;

The probiotic powder contains Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis, which can effectively kill pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract, quickly colonize the intestinal tract, form a biofilm, protect the intestinal tract, and stimulate the corresponding non-specific immune function; Bacillus subtilis can consume oxygen in the intestinal tract, produce bacteriostatic substances, and has bactericidal effect; Bacillus licheniformis has the effect of producing enzymes and can promote metabolism; Bacillus coagulans can regulate intestinal flora imbalance. The three kinds of probiotics cooperate with each other to achieve the above effects, and the three kinds of bacteria contained in the prepared feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity are suitable for storage at room temperature, which further reduces the cost of clinical use;

Niacinamide can provide the body with the required vitamins, and at the same time, it can maintain the stability of beneficial bacteria in the intestine, promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, improve the body's non-specific immunity, and enhance specific immunity;

Chitosan and fulvic acid can also maintain the stability of beneficial bacteria in the intestine, promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, and improve the body's non-specific and specific immunity;

As a carrier, β-cyclodextrin can coat and stabilize each component and maintain the stability of compound amino acid and probiotic powder;

The added components of the present invention are green and environmentally friendly, have good effects after use, and have no residue, can replace the pharmaceutical feed additive to enhance animal immunity, reduce animal diarrhea rate, especially can enhance the immunity of poultry animals, reduce the diarrhea rate of poultry animals ;

The feed additive of the invention can replace some antibiotics, and while implementing the national policy, the loss of the breeding industry is reduced, the harm caused by the medicinal feed additive to the human body through the food chain is reduced, and the food safety is escorted;

The invention has wide raw material sources and low cost, and can bring good economic benefits to breeding enterprises.

The feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity of the present invention is used for adding to animal feed to feed animals, and is especially suitable for feeding poultry animals.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

Embodiment 1 A kind of preparation method of the feed additive that prevents diarrhea and improves immunity

The present embodiment prepares the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, including the following steps that are carried out in sequence:

1) Take 4 kg of glutamic acid, 9 kg of threonine and 3 kg of glycine, and mix them evenly to obtain compound amino acids (marked as FA1).

2) Take 200kg of Bacillus subtilis powder (the content of Bacillus subtilis is 1.0×10 ⁹ CFU/g), 100kg of Bacillus licheniformis powder (the content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.0×10 ⁸ CFU/g) and 200kg of Bacillus coagulans powder (the content of Bacillus coagulans is 1.0×10 ⁸ CFU/g), mix well to obtain probiotic powder (marked as J1).

3) Get 100kg of nicotinamide, 84kg of chitosan, 230kg of β-cyclodextrin and 70kg of fulvic acid, mix well to obtain auxiliary materials (marked as M1).

4) Take 16kg of compound amino acids, 500kg of probiotic bacteria powder and 484kg of auxiliary material M1, and mix them evenly to obtain a feed additive (marked as N1) for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, which contains 2.0×10 ⁸ CFU/g Bacillus subtilis, 1.0× 10 ⁷ CFU/g Bacillus licheniformis, 2.0×10 ⁷ CFU/g Bacillus coagulans.

The feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity prepared in this example is used to add to animal feed for feeding animals, especially for feeding poultry animals.

Examples 2-6 Preparation method of feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity

Embodiments 2 to 6 are respectively a preparation method of a feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, and their steps are basically the same as those in Example 1, and the difference is only in the amount of raw materials. For details, see Table 1:

Table 1 List of raw material consumption in each step of feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity

The contents of other parts of Examples 2 to 6 are the same as those of Example 1.

Example 7 Application of feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity

1) Experiment on the improvement effect of feed additives that prevent diarrhea and improve immunity on diarrhea

a1) Experimental animals and design

The feed additives N1 to N6 for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity provided in Examples 1 to 6 are respectively added to the compound feed of common commercially available laying hens during the peak laying period, and the mixed chicken feeds are marked as SN11 to SN16 in one-to-one correspondence. , the addition amount of feed additives N1-N6 is 0.5% of the feed weight.

This experiment was conducted in a large chicken farm with diarrhea in Hebei Province. Selected 3500 300-day-old Hylan gray laying hens with diarrhea symptoms to ensure the same diarrhea rate, and were randomly divided into 7 groups with 500 hens in each group, namely the control group and A1-A6 groups. Among them, the control group was fed the ordinary city The laying hens were sold with compound feed during the peak egg production period. Groups A1 to A6 were fed chicken feeds SN11 to SN16 respectively, and were fed unlimited amounts throughout the day. The trial period starts from April 20, 2020 to April 27, 2020.

a2) Feeding management

The experiment was carried out in three-layer three-dimensional cages, fed with corresponding feed, and had free access to food and water. According to the routine immunization program of Hyland gray laying hens, the immunization and feeding management are carried out daily, and the chicken house is disinfected every day to ensure the hygiene of the chicken house. During the test period, the diarrhea situation was observed every day, and the diarrhea rate was statistically calculated. The specific results are shown in the following table:

Table 2 List of application effects of feed additives that prevent diarrhea and improve immunity to chicken diarrhea

group	control group	Group A1	Group A2	Group A3	Group A4	Group A5	Group A6
Number of chickens (pcs)	500	500	500	500	500	500	500
Number of chickens with initial diarrhea (only)	278	278	278	278	278	278	278
Initial diarrhea rate (%)	55.6	55.6	55.6	55.6	55.6	55.6	55.6
Number of chickens with diarrhea after 7 days (only)	234	43	45	40	32	46	44
Diarrhea rate after 7 days (%)	46.8	8.6	9.0	8.0	6.4	9.2	8.8
Number of sick and dead chickens (pcs)	35	7	6	5	4	3	6
Case fatality rate (%)	7.0	1.4	1.2	1.0	0.8	0.6	1.2

It can be seen from Table 2 that after 7 days of feeding, the diarrhea in the A1-A6 groups decreased to below 9.2% and the fatality rate was lower than 1.4%, while the diarrhea rate in the control group was 46.8% and the fatality rate was 7.0%. The diarrhea rate and the case fatality rate in the control group were significantly reduced. The above experimental results prove that the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity prepared by the present invention can significantly reduce the rate of diarrhea and improve the symptoms of diarrhea.

2) Experiment on the improvement effect of feed additives for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity against pathogenic Escherichia coli

b1) Experimental animals and design

The feed additives N1 to N6 for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity provided by Examples 1 to 6 are respectively added to the compound feed of ordinary commercial laying hens during the peak laying period, and the mixed chicken feeds are marked as SN21 to SN26 in one-to-one correspondence. , the addition amount of feed additives N1-N6 is 0.5% of the feed weight.

This experiment was conducted in a large chicken farm with pathogenic Escherichia coli infection in Hebei Province. 700 350-day-old Roman brown laying hens infected with pathogenic Escherichia coli were selected and randomly divided into 7 groups with 100 hens in each group, namely the control group and the B1-B6 groups. Compound feed was used during the egg peak period. Groups B1 to B6 were fed chicken feeds SN21 to SN26 respectively, and were fed unlimited amounts throughout the day. The trial period is from October 14, 2019 to October 21, 2019.

b2) Feeding management

The experiment was carried out in three-layer three-dimensional cages, fed with corresponding feed, and had free access to food and water. According to the routine immunization program of Hyland gray laying hens, the immunization and feeding management are carried out, and the chicken house is disinfected every day to ensure the hygiene of the chicken house.

b3) Determination indicators and methods

At the beginning and end of the test, samples were collected from all chickens through anal swabs to detect mucosal antibodies against pathogenic Escherichia coli, and the mean value was calculated statistically. The specific results are shown in the following table:

Table 3 List of application effects of feed additives that prevent diarrhea and improve immunity to pathogenic Escherichia coli infection

group	control group	Group A1	Group A2	Group A3	Group A4	Group A5	Group A6
Number of chickens (pcs)	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Mean initial chicken antibody titers	0.120	0.120	0.117	0.119	0.120	0.121	0.117
Mean antibody titers of chickens after 7 days	0.117	0.138	0.137	0.139	0.140	0.138	0.139

It can be seen from Table 3 that at the beginning of feeding, the average antibody titers of the control group and B1-B6 groups were all around 0.120. The mean titer decreased to 0.117 with little change. Compared with the control group, the antibody titers of B1-B6 groups were significantly increased. The above experimental results prove that the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity prepared by the present invention can obviously improve the immunity of chickens.

Example 8 Acute Toxicology Test of Feed Additives for Preventing Diarrhea and Improving Immunity

The feed additive N1 for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity provided by Example 1 is added to the SPF chicken brooding period feed in the normal amount, 10 times the amount, 50 times the amount and 100 times the amount respectively, and the mixed chicken feeds correspond one by one. Labeled as SPFN1 to SPFN4, the normal amount is the feed additive N1 added at 0.5% of the weight of the SPF chicken feed.

Fifty 21-day-old SPF chickens were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 chickens in each group, namely the control group and the C1-C4 groups. Among them, the control group was fed the SPF chicken brooding period feed, and the C1-C4 groups were fed the chickens respectively. Feed SPFN1~SPFN4, unlimited feeding throughout the day. The trial period is from May 11, 2020 to October 25, 2020. During the feeding process, the clinical response of the chickens was observed and recorded. After the feeding, the organ lesions of the SPF chickens in each group were necropsied. The results showed that the control group and the C1-C4 groups, the various indicators of the SPF chickens were normal, and there were no lesions. Phenomenon. The above experimental results prove that the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity prepared by the present invention has no acute toxicity.

Claims (7)

1. A feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, characterized in that, in parts by weight, the raw materials for making its active ingredients include: 0.086-0.36 parts of compound amino acids, 3-6 parts of probiotic powder, 1-6 parts of niacinamide 3 parts, 0.5-2 parts of chitosan, 1-3 parts of β-cyclodextrin and 0.5-2 parts of fulvic acid.
2. The feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity according to claim 1, characterized in that, in parts by weight, the raw materials for making the active ingredients of the compound amino acid include: 1-12 parts of glutamic acid, threonine 6 to 18 parts and 1.6 to 6 parts of glycine.
3. The feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in parts by weight, the raw materials for making the active ingredients of the probiotic powder include: Bacillus subtilis powder 2-4 1 to 3 parts of Bacillus licheniformis powder and 1 to 3 parts of Bacillus coagulans powder.
4. The feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity according to claim 3, characterized in that, in the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity, the content of Bacillus subtilis is ≥1.0×10 ⁶ CFU/g, and the content of Bacillus licheniformis is greater than or equal to 1.0×10 6 CFU/g. 1.0×10 ⁶ CFU/g, Bacillus coagulans content ≥1.0×10 ⁶ CFU/g.
5. A method for preparing a feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, all raw materials are taken and mixed to obtain the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity.
6. An application of the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity is used for feeding animals to improve immunity, And prevent/treat diarrhea.
7. The feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity according to claim 6, characterized in that, the feed additive for preventing diarrhea and improving immunity is used for adding to animal feed.