WO2022039263A1 - 被膜溶液製造方法および被膜形成方法 - Google Patents
被膜溶液製造方法および被膜形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022039263A1 WO2022039263A1 PCT/JP2021/030615 JP2021030615W WO2022039263A1 WO 2022039263 A1 WO2022039263 A1 WO 2022039263A1 JP 2021030615 W JP2021030615 W JP 2021030615W WO 2022039263 A1 WO2022039263 A1 WO 2022039263A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
- B05D1/22—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping using fluidised-bed technique
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/08—Treatment with low-molecular-weight non-polymer organic compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating solution that is the source of a coating of fine particles formed on the surface of powder.
- surface modification / composite technology is used for the positive electrode active material powder of all-solid-state batteries.
- the surface of powder particles is coated with fine particles to form a film of fine particles for imparting functionality to the surface of the particles.
- the coating solution (coating solution) that is the source of the coating of fine particles is prepared by the sol-gel method using the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of metal alkoxide. Then, a gel film is formed on the surface of the particles by the film solution, and the gel film is formed into a dry gel film by drying and then fired to obtain particles whose surface is coated with a film of fine particles.
- the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of the metal alkoxide occurs when water molecules are added to the metal alkoxide. Therefore, gelation may start in the coating solution before the coating solution forms a gel film on the surface of the particles, resulting in a gel having a large molecular size.
- This large molecular size gel causes segregation in the coating.
- the higher the demand for thinning the film the greater the degree of segregation due to the gel having a large molecular size, and the film tends to be a non-uniform film with a variation in film thickness.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a coating solution capable of forming a coating film having less segregation and a method for forming a coating film using the coating film solution.
- the coating solution manufacturing method is a coating of fine particles formed on the surface of particles by a sol-gel method using a hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of a metal alkoxide.
- This is a method for producing a film solution that is the basis of the above-mentioned method. It comprises a filtration step of filtering the solution obtained by adding water molecules.
- the coating solution manufacturing method may further include an additive addition step of adding an additive containing a ligand to the stock solution prepared in the stock solution preparation step before the filtration step.
- the ligand is bound to the metal contained in the undiluted solution, and the cross-linking of the metal alkoxide can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress the formation of a gel having a large molecular size in the undiluted solution and the solution containing water molecules.
- the method for producing a coating solution according to another aspect of the present invention is a sol-gel method using a hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of a metal alkoxide to produce a coating solution that is a source of a coating of fine particles formed on the surface of particles.
- This method is prepared in a stock solution preparation step of preparing a stock solution containing a metal alkoxide, an additive addition step of adding an additive containing a ligand to the stock solution prepared in the stock solution preparation step, and a stock solution preparation step. It includes a watering step of adding water molecules to the stock solution.
- an additive containing a ligand is added to the prepared stock solution.
- water molecules are added to the undiluted solution.
- gelation by the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of the metal alkoxide begins.
- the additive containing the ligand is added to the solution, the bridging bond of the metal alkoxide can be suppressed by binding the ligand to the metal in the solution.
- a solution in which the formation of a gel having a large molecular size is suppressed is supplied to the particles as a coating solution, so that a coating with less segregation can be formed on the surface of the particles.
- a coating solution that is a source of a coating of fine particles formed on the surface of particles is obtained by a sol-gel method using a hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of a metal alkoxide. It is a manufacturing method and includes a stock solution preparation step of producing a stock solution containing a metal alkoxide and an additive addition step of adding an additive containing a ligand to the stock solution prepared in the stock solution preparation step. The solution is used as a coating solution without adding water molecules to the solution obtained by adding an additive to the stock solution in the step.
- an additive containing a ligand is added to the prepared stock solution. Then, the water molecule is not added to the solution containing the stock solution and the additive, and the solution is supplied to the particles as a coating solution. Therefore, after the coating solution is supplied to the particles, gelation by the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of the metal alkoxide in the coating solution begins. As a result, it is possible to suppress the formation of a gel having a large molecular size in the coating solution before being supplied to the particles, so that a coating with less segregation can be formed on the surface of the particles.
- the additive may be, for example, ethyl acetoacetate.
- a coating solution that is a source of a coating of fine particles formed on the surface of particles is obtained by a sol-gel method using a hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of a metal alkoxide. It is a manufacturing method and includes a stock solution preparation step of preparing a stock solution containing a metal alkoxide and a filtration step of filtering the stock solution prepared in the stock solution preparation step, and water molecules are added to the stock solution after filtration in the filtration step. Instead, use the undiluted solution as the film solution.
- the prepared stock solution is filtered.
- the undiluted solution comes into contact with the atmosphere, water molecules in the atmosphere enter the undiluted solution, and gelation by the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of the metal alkoxide begins.
- the undiluted solution is supplied to the particles as a coating solution without positively adding water molecules to the undiluted solution. Therefore, after the coating solution is supplied to the particles, gelation by the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of the metal alkoxide in the coating solution begins.
- water molecules may be positively added to the undiluted solution, but water molecules may be added to the undiluted solution by absorbing moisture from the atmosphere of the undiluted solution.
- the water addition step may be performed in a state where the atmosphere is maintained at a predetermined low temperature.
- the atmosphere around the undiluted solution is kept at a low temperature, so that the vapor pressure of the solvent of the undiluted solution can be lowered and the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction can be delayed, resulting in a more homogeneous sol solution.
- the coating solution manufacturing method may further include a cooling step of cooling the stock solution prepared in the stock solution preparation step.
- the cooling step may be continued until the end of the water addition step.
- the volatilization of the solvent of the undiluted solution can be suppressed, the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction can be delayed, and a more homogeneous sol solution can be obtained.
- the film forming method is a method of forming a film of fine particles on the surface of powder particles, which comprises a film solution preparing step of preparing a film solution to be a source of the film and a powder.
- a dispersion step in which a slurry mixed with a coating solution is introduced into a flow path and the slurry flowing through the flow path is dispersed for each particle by a high-speed fluid stream, and a powder dispersed for each particle in the dispersion step are placed on the stream.
- the film solution preparation step the above-mentioned film is included, including a drying step of transporting the particles and drying the film solution during the transfer, and a collection step of collecting the powder coated with the film solution dried in the drying step.
- a solution manufacturing method is used.
- the effect described in relation to each coating solution manufacturing method that is, the effect that a coating with less segregation can be formed on the surface of powder particles can be obtained.
- the present invention it is possible to suppress the supply of a coating solution containing a gel having a large molecular size to the particles, so that a coating with less segregation can be formed on the surface of the particles.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a coating apparatus 1 in which the film forming method according to the embodiment of the present invention is carried out.
- the coating device 1 is a device for a coating process (coating process) in which fine particles are bound to powder particles to generate a composite powder in which a film of fine particles is formed on the surface of each particle.
- the coating device 1 includes a raw material tank 2, a dispersion unit 3, a drying unit 4, and a collection unit 5.
- the raw material tank 2 stores a slurry in which a powder and a coating solution that is the source of the coating are mixed.
- the raw material tank 2 storing the slurry is hermetically sealed, and the inside of the raw material tank 2 is shielded from the outside air.
- the slurry is prepared, for example, in a glove box isolated from the outside air, and the powder and the coating solution are weighed at a weight ratio set so that the coating on the surface of the particles has a predetermined film thickness. Be mixed.
- the slurry stored in the raw material tank 2 is stirred by using a stirring mechanism 21 such as a magnetic stirrer. By the action of the liquid feed pump 22, the slurry is sucked out from the raw material tank 2, and the sucked slurry is supplied to the dispersion unit 3.
- the dispersion unit 3 includes a slurry flow path 31, a first dry air flow path 32, a second dry air flow path 33, and a third dry air flow path 34.
- the slurry flow path 31 extends linearly in the vertical direction.
- the slurry sucked out from the raw material tank 2 is supplied to the slurry flow path 31 from the upper end thereof.
- the slurry supplied to the slurry flow path 31 flows through the slurry flow path 31 and is discharged downward from the lower end of the slurry flow path 31.
- Instrumentation air from which moisture has been removed by the dry air unit 35 is supplied to the first dry air flow path 32, the second dry air flow path 33, and the third dry air flow path 34.
- the instrumented air is air (atmosphere) that has been boosted to a predetermined atmospheric pressure. That is, dry air in a high pressure state is supplied to the first dry air flow path 32, the second dry air flow path 33, and the third dry air flow path 34.
- various gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and an inert gas can be used in addition to the atmosphere.
- the first dry air flow path 32 extends linearly in the vertical direction, and its lower end is opened at a position above the lower end of the slurry flow path 31.
- the second dry air flow path 33 is provided separately on one side and the other side of the vertical straight line, and is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical direction (vertical direction), respectively, and a collision set below the slurry flow path 31. It extends toward position P.
- the end of each second dry air flow path 33 on the collision position P side is open. While the dry air flows through each of the second dry air flow paths 33, the flow velocity of the dry air greatly increases, for example, the flow velocity reaches the speed of sound or higher. An air flow of dry air having a flow velocity exceeding the speed of sound is ejected from the open end of each second dry air flow path 33, and the air flow collides with the collision position P.
- the third dry air flow path 34 is provided separately on one side and the other side of the vertical line, and each extends in the horizontal direction with respect to the slurry flow path 31.
- the end of each third dry air flow path 34 is open below the lower end of the slurry flow path 31 and above the collision position P of the second dry air flow path 33.
- the drying portion 4 integrally has a cylindrical portion 41 having a cylindrical peripheral surface and a substantially conical conical portion 42 that is continuous with the cylindrical portion 41 and narrows as the distance from the cylindrical portion 41 increases.
- the drying portion 4 is arranged immediately below the dispersion portion 3 so that the center line of the cylindrical portion 41 extends in the vertical direction.
- An assist air introduction port 43 is formed on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 41.
- the air sucked from the suction filter 44 is supplied to the assist air introduction port 43 as assist air through the assist air supply pipe 45.
- the air is sucked by the dry blower 46, and the assist air after being used for drying is exhausted from the discharge side of the dry blower 46 together with other dry air.
- a heat exchanger 47 for heat exchange between the assist air and the exhaust gas of the drying blower 46 and a drying heater 48 for heating the air are interposed in the middle of the assist air supply pipe 45.
- heated and dried air is introduced as assist air from the assist air introduction port 43 into the cylindrical portion 41.
- various gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and an inert gas can be used in addition to the atmosphere.
- the assist air introduction port 43 and the assist air supply pipe 45 are formed so that the assist air is blown out from the assist air introduction port 43 in the tangential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 41. Therefore, the assist air introduced into the cylindrical portion 41 from the assist air introduction port 43 becomes a spiral air flow flowing along the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 41, and flows from the cylindrical portion 41 into the conical portion 42.
- the powder dispersed for each particle is introduced from the dispersion portion 3 above the cylindrical portion 41. Then, the powder introduced into the cylindrical portion 41 rides on the air flow of the assist air formed in the cylindrical portion 41, and the drying portion 4 is conveyed toward the conical portion 42. During this transportation, the coating solution adhering to the surface of each particle dries, so that the surface of each particle is coated with a dry coating solution (coating precursor) (hereinafter, this powder is referred to as "dry gel powder". "Body”) is generated. Further, the droplets of the coating solution containing no powder particles are dried, so that dry pieces of the coating solution are produced.
- a dry coating solution coating precursor
- the drying portion 4 may be heated by a heater in order to accelerate the drying of the coating solution in the drying portion 4.
- the dry air supplied to the first dry air flow path 32, the second dry air flow path 33, and the third dry air flow path 34 of the dispersion unit 3 may be heated by the heater.
- the collection unit 5 includes a collection cyclone 51 and a collection filter 52.
- One end of the intake pipe 53 is connected to the collection cyclone 51.
- the other end of the intake pipe 53 is connected to the suction port of the dry blower 46 as a suction source.
- the collecting cyclone 51 is provided with a powder introduction section 54.
- a sanitary tube 55 extending from the lower end of the conical portion 42 of the drying portion 4 is connected to the powder introducing portion 54, and the dried pieces of the dry gel powder and the coating solution reaching the lower end of the conical portion 42 of the drying portion 4 are formed.
- the sanitary tube 55 Due to the negative pressure in the collection cyclone 51, the sanitary tube 55 is circulated and sucked into the collection cyclone 51.
- an air stream containing dried pieces of the dry gel powder and the coating solution swirls, and due to the centrifugal force and gravity, the dry gel powder having a relatively large particle size and mass and the relatively particle size are relatively large. And the dry pieces of the coating solution with a small mass are separated.
- the dry gel powder is stored in the collection box 56 connected to the lower end of the collection cyclone 51.
- the collection filter 52 is interposed in the middle of the intake pipe 53.
- the dried pieces of the coating solution separated by the collection cyclone 51 are sucked into the intake pipe 53 on the air and captured by the collection filter 52. Therefore, the collection filter 52 allows only air to pass through.
- the powder mixed with the coating solution in the raw material tank 2 is, for example, a lithium metal composite oxide and has an average particle size. Is a particle of about 2 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the metal elements constituting the powder include Co, Ni, Mn, Ti, Fe, Al and the like, but other elements may be included in order to improve the electrochemical characteristics.
- the particles constituting the powder include LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LiFePO 4 , and LiNi. Particles such as 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 can be mentioned.
- the coating solution will be described below.
- FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a flow of a coating solution preparation method (manufacturing method).
- Preparation of the coating solution is performed in the glove box.
- the atmosphere inside the glove box is controlled by filling the inside with a nitrogen atmosphere or dry air having a low dew point (for example, ⁇ 30 ° C. or lower).
- Tools such as raw material containers, containers for solution preparation, and electronic balances are placed in the glove box before the start of adjustment to remove (dry) water.
- the atmosphere inside the glove box may be controlled by an inert gas other than nitrogen.
- the coating solution used for producing the positive electrode active material powder for an all-solid-state battery will be taken as an example.
- ethoxylithium (LiOC 2 H 5 ) and pentaethoxyniobium (Nb (OC 2 H 5 ) 5 ) are weighed to the same mole. Then, this mol of ethoxylithium and pentaethoxyniobium are compatible with ultra-dehydrated ethanol so as to have a concentration of 0.4 mol / L, and a lithium-niobium mixed ethoxy solution is prepared as a stock solution (stock solution preparation step: S1).
- the lithium-niobium mixed ethoxy solution is placed in a raw material container, stored in a desiccator with the raw material container sealed, and if necessary, a predetermined amount is divided into small portions and used for preparing a coating solution. Further, the next step may be continued without preserving the lithium-niobium mixed ethoxy solution.
- the raw material container When the lithium-niob mixed ethoxy solution is stored in the raw material container, the raw material container is opened in an atmosphere-controlled glove box and the predetermined amount of lithium-niob mixed ethoxy solution required for preparing the coating solution is weighed. To.
- a water-added liquid is prepared in the glove box as well (water-added liquid preparation step: S2). That is, in an atmosphere-controlled glove box, a molar amount of pure water corresponding to 0.5 to 3 mol with respect to 1 mol of pentaethoxyniob is added to the super-dehydrated ethanol, and they are sufficiently stirred to form a phase. By dissolving, water-added ethanol as a water-added liquid is prepared (prepared).
- the undiluted solution preparation step (S1) and the water-added liquid preparation step (S2) may be performed in parallel, or the order may be reversed.
- Pure water is generally used as the catalyst, but an acid catalyst such as an organic acid having a low boiling point or a base catalyst may be added in order to control the dehydration condensation reaction according to the film forming conditions (coating conditions). .. Further, depending on the film forming conditions, it is also possible to use only super-dehydrated ethanol without adding water and / or an acid catalyst.
- an acid catalyst such as an organic acid having a low boiling point or a base catalyst may be added in order to control the dehydration condensation reaction according to the film forming conditions (coating conditions). .. Further, depending on the film forming conditions, it is also possible to use only super-dehydrated ethanol without adding water and / or an acid catalyst.
- Lithium-niob mixed ethoxy solution and water-added ethanol are added by dropping water-added ethanol to the lithium-niob mixed ethoxy solution while stirring the lithium-niob mixed ethoxy solution mainly using a stirrer and a magnetic stirrer. Mix by method. However, the method is not limited to the method as long as the lithium / niobium mixed ethoxy solution and the water-added ethanol can be uniformly mixed.
- the mixed solution is filtered by a filter having a pore diameter of 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m, so that the polymer gel having a large molecular size is removed (filtration step: S4).
- a filter which is a hydrophobic material and is compatible with an organic solvent is mainly used, but depending on the conditions, a pre-filter, a cross-flow filter, or the like may be used in combination.
- the mixed solution from which the polymer gel having a large molecular size has been removed is suitably used as a coating solution for the coating treatment in the coating apparatus 1.
- FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing the flow of another preparation method (manufacturing method) of the coating solution.
- an additive addition step (S12) is performed after the stock solution preparation step (S11) in which a lithium niobate mixed ethoxy solution is prepared as a stock solution. Further, after the water addition liquid preparation step (S13) is performed, the water addition step (S14) and the filtration step (S15) are performed in this order.
- the undiluted solution preparation step (S11), the additive addition step (S12), and the water-added liquid preparation step (S13) may be performed in parallel, or the order may be reversed.
- the undiluted solution preparation step (S11), the water addition solution preparation step (S13), the water addition step (S14) and the filtration step (S15) are the undiluted solution preparation step (S1) and the water addition solution preparation step (S2) shown in FIG. 2, respectively. Since it is the same as the water addition step (S3) and the filtration step (S4), each step of the stock solution preparation step (S11), the water addition liquid preparation step (S13), the water addition step (S14) and the filtration step (S15) The detailed description here will be omitted.
- the raw material container is opened in the atmosphere-controlled glove box, and a predetermined amount of the lithium / niobium mixed ethoxy solution required for preparing the coating solution is weighed, and then the additive addition step ( In S12), the weighed lithium / niobium mixed ethoxy solution contains a molar amount of ethyl acetoacetate corresponding to 0.5 to 2.5 mol with respect to 1 mol of pentaethoxyniob in the lithium / niobium mixed ethoxy solution. It is given as an additive.
- the water-added ethanol prepared in the water-added liquid preparation step (S13) is added to the lithium-niobium mixed ethoxy solution to which the additive is added.
- Ethyl acetoacetate is preferable as the additive, but ⁇ -diketones such as acetylacetone that chelate-coordinates to a metal alkoxide such as pentaethoxyniob, ⁇ -ketoic acid such as acetoacetate and its ester compound, and malon.
- Acet is a dicarboxylic acid such as an acid and an ester compound thereof, a carboxylic acid anhydride such as propionic anhydride, or a ⁇ -dicarbonyl compound having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or lower and high solubility in an ethanol solution. It is not limited to ethyl acetate.
- FIG. 4 is a process diagram showing the flow of still another preparation method (manufacturing method) of the coating solution.
- a stock solution preparation step (S21) in which a lithium / niobium mixed ethoxy solution is prepared as a stock solution is followed by an additive addition step (S22) and a water addition solution preparation step (S23) in this order.
- the solution cooling step (S24) is performed.
- the water addition step (S25) and the filtration step (S26) are performed in this order.
- the undiluted solution preparation step (S21), the additive addition step (S22), and the water-added liquid preparation step (S23) may be performed in parallel, or the order may be reversed.
- the undiluted solution preparation step (S21), the water addition solution preparation step (S23), the water addition step (S25) and the filtration step (S26) are the undiluted solution preparation step (S1) and the water addition solution preparation step (S2) shown in FIG. 2, respectively. , The same as the water addition step (S3) and the filtration step (S4). Further, the additive application step (S22) is the same as the additive application step (S12) shown in FIG. Detailed description of each step of the stock solution preparation step (S21), the additive addition step (S22), the water addition liquid preparation step (S23), the water addition step (S25) and the filtration step (S26) will be omitted here.
- a stock solution to which the additive is added for example, a solution in which ethyl acetoacetate is added to a lithium-niob mixed ethoxy solution is prepared.
- a water-added liquid for example, water-added ethanol is prepared in the same glove box.
- each solution of the stock solution and the water-added solution to which the prepared additive is added is cooled to a low temperature (for example, 10 ° C. or lower). Cooling of each solution is performed, for example, using an ice pack and is continued until the water addition step (S25) is completed.
- the solutions prepared in the undiluted solution preparation step (S1) and the water addition solution preparation step (S2), that is, the undiluted solution and the water addition solution are added to the water addition step (S3).
- a solution cooling step of cooling to a low temperature may be performed. By performing the solution cooling step, volatilization of the solvent can be suppressed and a more homogeneous sol solution can be obtained.
- the filtration step (S15) may be omitted from the method for preparing the coating solution shown in FIG. Since the preparation method shown in FIG. 5 includes an additive addition step (S12), it is possible to suppress the formation of a polymer gel having a large molecular size in the mixed solution. Therefore, even if the filtration step (S15) is omitted, segregation can be suppressed from occurring in the film formed on the surface of the powder particles. However, in order to reduce segregation, both the additive application step (S12) and the filtration step (S15) may be performed as shown in FIG. The undiluted solution preparation step (S11), the additive addition step (S12), and the water-added liquid preparation step (S13) may be performed in parallel, or the order may be reversed.
- the solutions prepared in the additive addition step (S12) and the water addition solution preparation step (S13), that is, the stock solution to which the additive is added and the water addition solution are added to the water addition step.
- a solution cooling step of cooling to a low temperature may be performed until the end of (S14). By performing the solution cooling step, volatilization of the solvent can be suppressed and a more homogeneous sol solution can be obtained.
- the water additive solution preparation step (S13) is omitted from the coating solution preparation method shown in FIG. 3, and the water addition step (S14') after the additive addition step (S12) is performed.
- Moisture contained in the atmosphere may be incorporated into the undiluted solution to which the additive is added.
- water in the atmosphere is taken into a lithium-niobium mixed ethoxy solution to which ethyl acetoacetate is added, and the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of the metal alkoxide produces an inorganic polymer in which lithium and niobium are uniformly mixed. It may be formed. In this case, for example, in an atmosphere with a temperature of 10 to 40 ° C.
- the lithium / niobium mixed ethoxy solution is stirred to take in water.
- An atmosphere having a relative humidity of 20 to 70% may be preferable, and an atmosphere having a relative humidity of 30 to 60% may be more preferable.
- a water addition step (S14 ′′) in a low temperature atmosphere may be performed instead of the water addition step (S14 ′′) shown in FIG. 6, a water addition step (S14 ′′) in a low temperature atmosphere may be performed.
- the atmosphere of the stock solution to which the additive is added is maintained at a low temperature (for example, 10 ° C. or lower).
- the atmosphere around the solution is kept at a low temperature, so that the vapor pressure of the solvent can be lowered and the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction can be delayed, which is more homogeneous.
- a sol solution can be obtained.
- the water addition solution preparation step (S2) is omitted from the method for preparing the coating solution shown in FIG. 2, and in the water addition step (S3') after the stock solution preparation step (S1), the atmosphere is adjusted.
- the contained water is taken into the undiluted lithium-niobium mixed ethoxy solution, and in the lithium-niobium mixed ethoxy solution, the inorganic polymer in a state where lithium and niobium are uniformly mixed by the hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of the metal alkoxide. May be formed.
- the atmosphere around the solution may be kept at a low temperature. This makes it possible to obtain a more homogeneous sol solution.
- the filtration step (S15) may be omitted from the method for preparing the coating solution shown in FIG.
- the atmosphere around the solution may be kept at a low temperature. This makes it possible to obtain a more homogeneous sol solution.
- the undiluted lithium-niob mixed ethoxy solution to cause a hydrolysis / dehydration condensation reaction of the metal alkoxide, it is shown in FIG. 3 as shown in FIG. From the preparation method, the stock solution preparation step (S11), the water additive liquid preparation step (S13), the hydrolysis step (S14) and the filtration step (S15) after the additive addition step (S12) are omitted, and the additive is added.
- the undiluted solution containing the additive may be used as a film solution without positively adding water molecules to the undiluted solution.
- the water-added liquid preparation step (S2) and the water addition step (S3) are omitted from the preparation method shown in FIG. 2, and the preparation is performed in the stock solution preparation step (S1).
- the undiluted solution filtered in the filtration step (S4) may be used as a coating solution without positively adding water molecules to the undiluted solution.
- the present invention is not limited to the production of positive electrode active material powder for all-solid-state batteries, and may be applied to manufacturing processes of foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, electronic parts and the like.
- the target particles are not limited to those used for the battery material, and the average particle size may be other than 2 to 30 ⁇ m.
- S1 Stock solution preparation process
- S12 Additive addition process
- S3', S14, S14', S14'' Water addition process
- S15 Filtration process
- S24 Solution cooling process (cooling process)
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る被膜形成方法が実施されるコーティング装置1の構成を図解的に示す断面図である。
図2は、被膜溶液の調製方法(製造方法)の流れを示す工程図である。
以上のように、金属アルコキシドを含む原液が作製された後、その作製された原液に水分子が添加される。これにより、原液および水分子を含む混合溶液において、金属アルコキシドの加水分解・脱水縮合反応によるゲル化が始まる。このときに、たとえ分子サイズの大きな高分子ゲルが生じても、その後の濾過工程(S4)で、混合溶液が濾過されることにより、溶液から分子サイズの大きな高分子ゲルが除去される。そのため、分子サイズの大きな高分子ゲルを含む混合溶液が被膜溶液として粉体の粒子に供給されることを抑制でき、粒子の表面に偏析の少ない被膜を形成することができる。
図3は、被膜溶液の他の調製方法(製造方法)の流れを示す工程図である。
原液であるリチウム・ニオブ混合エトキシ溶液に配位子を含む添加剤であるアセト酢酸エチルが付与されることにより、原液に含まれる金属に配位子がキレート結合し、金属アルコキシドの架橋結合を抑えることができる。そのため、原液および水分子を含む溶液に、分子サイズの大きな高分子ゲルが生じることを抑制できる。その結果、粉体の粒子の表面に偏析の少ない被膜を形成することができる。
図4は、被膜溶液のさらに他の調製方法(製造方法)の流れを示す工程図である。
添加剤が付与された原液および水添加液の各溶液に含まれる溶媒は、揮発しやすい環境で加水工程(S25)が行われると、金属アルコキシドの加水分解・脱水縮合反応によるゲル化が生じやすい。添加剤が付与された原液および水添加液の各溶液がそれぞれ低温に冷却されて、その低温が加水工程(S25)の終了まで保持されることにより、溶媒の揮発を抑制できるとともに加水分解・脱水縮合反応を遅らせることができ、より均質なゾル溶液を得ることができる。
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明したが、本発明は、他の形態で実施することもできる。
S12:添加剤付与工程
S3,S3’,S14,S14’,S14’’:加水工程
S4,S15:濾過工程
S24:溶液冷却工程(冷却工程)
Claims (11)
- 金属アルコキシドの加水分解・脱水縮合反応を利用したゾル-ゲル法により、粒子の表面に形成される微粒子の被膜の元となる被膜溶液を製造する方法であって、
金属アルコキシドを含む原液を作製する原液作製工程と、
前記原液作製工程で作製された前記原液に水分子を添加する加水工程と、
前記加水工程により前記原液に水分子を添加して得られる溶液を濾過する濾過工程と、を含む、被膜溶液製造方法。 - 前記濾過工程前に、前記原液作製工程で作製された前記原液に配位子を含む添加剤を付与する添加剤付与工程、をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の被膜溶液製造方法。
- 金属アルコキシドの加水分解・脱水縮合反応を利用したゾル-ゲル法により、粒子の表面に形成される微粒子の被膜の元となる被膜溶液を製造する方法であって、
金属アルコキシドを含む原液を作製する原液作製工程と、
前記原液作製工程で作製された前記原液に配位子を含む添加剤を付与する添加剤付与工程と、
前記原液作製工程で作製された前記原液に水分子を添加する加水工程と、を含む、被膜溶液製造方法。 - 金属アルコキシドの加水分解・脱水縮合反応を利用したゾル-ゲル法により、粒子の表面に形成される微粒子の被膜の元となる被膜溶液を製造する方法であって、
金属アルコキシドを含む原液を作製する原液作製工程と、
前記原液作製工程で作製された前記原液に配位子を含む添加剤を付与する添加剤付与工程と、を含み、
前記添加剤付与工程で前記原液に前記添加剤を付与して得られた溶液に水分子を添加せずに、当該溶液を前記被膜溶液とする、被膜溶液製造方法。 - 前記添加剤は、アセト酢酸エチルである、請求項2~4のいずれか一項に記載の被膜溶液製造方法。
- 金属アルコキシドの加水分解・脱水縮合反応を利用したゾル-ゲル法により、粒子の表面に形成される微粒子の被膜の元となる被膜溶液を製造する方法であって、
金属アルコキシドを含む原液を作製する原液作製工程と、
前記原液作製工程で作製された前記原液を濾過する濾過工程と、を含み、
前記濾過工程での濾過後の前記原液に水分子を添加せずに、前記原液を前記被膜溶液とする、被膜溶液製造方法。 - 前記加水工程では、前記原液が雰囲気から吸湿することにより、前記原液に水分子が添加される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の被膜溶液製造方法。
- 前記加水工程は、前記雰囲気が所定の低温に保たれた状態で行われる、請求項7に記載の被膜溶液製造方法。
- 前記原液作製工程で作製された前記原液を冷却する冷却工程、をさらに含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の被膜溶液製造方法。
- 前記冷却工程は、前記加水工程の終了まで継続して行われる、請求項9に記載の被膜溶液製造方法。
- 粉体の粒子の表面に微粒子の被膜を形成する方法であって、
前記被膜の元となる被膜溶液を調製する被膜溶液調製工程と、
前記粉体と前記被膜溶液とを混合したスラリーを流路に導入し、当該流路を流通するスラリーを高速流体の気流により前記粒子ごとに分散させる分散工程と、
前記分散工程で前記粒子ごとに分散した前記粉体を気流に乗せて搬送し、その搬送中に前記被膜溶液を乾燥させる乾燥工程と、
前記乾燥工程で乾燥した前記被膜溶液で被覆された前記粉体を捕集する捕集工程と、を含み、
前記被膜溶液調製工程では、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の被膜溶液製造方法が用いられる、被膜形成方法。
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