WO2022037124A1 - 电暖器 - Google Patents

电暖器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022037124A1
WO2022037124A1 PCT/CN2021/090937 CN2021090937W WO2022037124A1 WO 2022037124 A1 WO2022037124 A1 WO 2022037124A1 CN 2021090937 W CN2021090937 W CN 2021090937W WO 2022037124 A1 WO2022037124 A1 WO 2022037124A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat dissipation
orthographic projection
dissipation holes
area
electric heater
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PCT/CN2021/090937
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐绍科
谢瑞良
钟强
张毅
廖泓斌
周小兵
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022037124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022037124A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/08—Arrangements for drainage, venting or aerating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of heating, and in particular, to an electric heater.
  • the electric heaters on the market realize the heating function by generating heat from the heating element installed in it, and mainly include the combination of radiation and natural convection heating and forced convection heating.
  • these two methods are both It is difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of rapid temperature rise and low wind sensation, thereby hindering the improvement of the user's somatosensory comfort, and is not conducive to the further promotion of electric heaters.
  • the present disclosure proposes an electric heater, which can achieve the technical effect of fast heating speed and low wind feeling.
  • An electric heater comprising:
  • the main casing includes a heat dissipation panel with a heat dissipation area, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are opened in the heat dissipation area;
  • the heating body is arranged in the inner cavity of the main casing, and the orthographic projection of the heating body on the heat dissipation panel is the first orthographic projection, and the heat generated by the heating body can be radiated to the radiator through the heat dissipation hole. in the external environment;
  • the wind wheel is arranged in the inner cavity of the main casing, and the orthographic projection of the wind wheel on the heat dissipation panel is the second orthographic projection, and the wind wheel can pass the heat generated by the heating body through all the The heat dissipation hole is transported to the external environment;
  • first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection are both located in the heat dissipation area, and the first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection do not overlap each other;
  • the total area of the plurality of heat dissipation holes accounts for 40%-60% of the total area of the heat dissipation area, so that the temperature of the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area is the same as the temperature of the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area.
  • the temperature difference of the heat dissipation holes is less than 20°C.
  • the total area of the plurality of heat dissipation holes accounts for 48% of the total area of the heat dissipation area.
  • the power density of the heating element is 0.9-1.2W/cm2
  • the temperature of the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area and the temperature of the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area All are 40°C-60°C higher than the ambient temperature.
  • the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area are arranged in a matrix, and each of the heat dissipation holes is circular; or the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area are arranged in a matrix
  • the heat dissipation holes are arranged in a circular shape; or the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area and the second orthographic projection area are arranged in a matrix, and each of the heat dissipation holes is circular.
  • the diameters of the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area are the same; or the diameters of the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area are the same; or the diameters of the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area are the same; The diameters of the heat dissipation holes in the projection area and the second orthographic projection area are the same.
  • the diameter of the heat dissipation via located in the first orthographic projection area is the same as the diameter of the heat dissipation via located in the second orthographic projection area;
  • the diameter of the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area is different from the diameter of the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area.
  • the diameters of the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area and the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area are both 3 mm-6 mm.
  • the diameters of the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area and the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area are both 4 mm.
  • the heat dissipation panel is provided with a plurality of groups of heat dissipation holes, the heat dissipation holes, and the plurality of groups of the heat dissipation hole groups are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and each group of the heat dissipation hole groups includes a plurality of the heat dissipation hole groups.
  • Heat dissipation holes, a plurality of the heat dissipation holes in each group are arranged at intervals along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the heating body is an electric heating film, and the heating body and the plane on which the heat dissipation area is located are parallel and spaced apart.
  • the wind wheel is disposed below the heat generating body, and the orthographic projection of the heat generating body on the wind wheel is located on the wind wheel.
  • the rotor is a cross-flow rotor.
  • the heat dissipation hole is a channel through which air flows into or out of the main casing, the first orthographic projection is located above the second orthographic projection, and a part of the heat generated by the heating element passes through the The heat dissipation holes in the first orthographic projection area are radiated to the external environment, and another part of the heat generated by the heating element is extracted by the wind wheel and passes through the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area transported to the external environment.
  • the above-mentioned electric heater avoids the high temperature inside the main shell, which leads to the high temperature of the whole electric heater, thereby prolonging the service life of the electric heater and effectively eliminating the problems caused by excessive temperature. Security risks. More importantly, since the difference between the temperature of the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area and the temperature of the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area is less than 20°C, it is possible to avoid damage caused by the heat dissipation holes located in the first orthographic projection area. At the same time, it also avoids the problem of excessive wind sensation caused by the high temperature of the heat dissipation holes in the second orthographic projection area, and realizes uniform heating up and down the heat dissipation panel. Effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric heater according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the electric heater shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation panel of the electric heater shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the heating element of the electric heater shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat transfer path of an electric heater according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with “first”, “second” may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.
  • plurality means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless expressly and specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements, unless otherwise specified limit.
  • installed may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements, unless otherwise specified limit.
  • a first feature "on” or “under” a second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirectly through an intermediary between the first and second features touch.
  • the first feature being “above”, “over” and “above” the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature being “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.
  • the electric heater in the related art generates heat through a heating body installed therein, and then realizes the heating function through a combination of radiation and natural convection.
  • the principle of combining radiation and natural convection heating is that part of the heat is directly radiated to the human body through the heating element in the electric heater, and the other part is the heating element to heat the internal air of the electric heater, so that the indoor cold and hot air can be convectively circulated and pass through the indoor air.
  • the cycle is continuously heated, which in turn increases the indoor temperature. Since the combined heating of radiation and natural convection has no sense of wind, it has good comfort.
  • the present disclosure provides an electric heater 100, which can achieve fast heating while having good comfort speed, thereby improving the user experience.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electric heater 100 for indoor heating.
  • the electric heater 100 includes a main casing 20 and a heat generating body 40 .
  • the heating bodies 40 are all disposed in the main casing 20 . After the heating element 40 generates heat, a part of the heat generated is directly radiated to increase the user's body temperature, and the other part of the heat heats the air in the main casing 20 to make the air in the main casing 20 warm, thereby causing the cold and hot air in the room. Convection is carried out, and the indoor temperature is gradually increased, realizing the heating of the indoor environment through the combination of radiation and natural convection.
  • the main casing 20 is a substantially cubic hollow shell-like structure with an inner cavity, and includes a bottom plate, a heat dissipation panel 21 , a back side panel, a right side panel, a left side panel and a top panel.
  • the bottom plate is directly or indirectly supported on the placement surface (such as the ground) through a support member, the heat dissipation panel 21, the right side plate, the rear side back plate and the left side plate are arranged on the same side of the base and connected end to end in sequence, and the top plate and the bottom plate are in the first place.
  • the directions are spaced apart and parallel to each other, and are connected to the heat dissipation panel 21 , the right side panel, the rear side back panel and the end of the left side panel away from the base.
  • the heat dissipation panel 21 and the rear back panel are spaced and parallel to each other along the third direction
  • the right panel and the left panel are connected between the heat dissipation panel 21 and the back panel
  • the right panel and the left panel are parallel and parallel to each other. They are spaced apart and parallel to each other along the second direction.
  • the first direction is the vertical direction, that is, the Z-axis direction in FIG.
  • the second direction is the length direction of the main casing 20 , that is, the X-axis direction in FIG. 2
  • the third direction is the width of the main casing 20 .
  • the direction is the Y-axis direction in FIG. 2
  • the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the heat dissipation panel 21 has a heat dissipation area for dissipating heat, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes 212 are opened in the heat dissipation area to communicate with the external environment.
  • the heat in the main casing 20 can be dissipated to the external environment through the heat dissipation holes 212 , and the air in the external environment can enter the main casing 20 through the heat dissipation holes 212 to form an airflow.
  • the outermost heat dissipation hole 212 among all the heat dissipation holes 212 defines the edge forming the heat dissipation area, and the edge of the heat dissipation area is tangent to the outer edge of the outermost heat dissipation hole 212 .
  • the heating body 40 is disposed in the main casing 20 and corresponding to the heat dissipation panel 21 .
  • the orthographic projection of the heating body 40 on the heat dissipation panel 21 is a first orthographic projection, and the first orthographic projection is completely located in the heat dissipation area.
  • a part of the heat generated by the heating body 40 can be directly radiated to the human body through the heat dissipation holes 212 opened on the heat dissipation panel 21, and another part of the heat generated by the heating body 40 can heat the air in the main casing 20, and the cold and hot air in the indoor environment Convective circulation is carried out through the heat dissipation holes 212, and the indoor air is continuously heated, so as to realize the function of increasing the indoor ambient temperature through the combination of radiation and natural convection.
  • ⁇ the surface emissivity (angular coefficient)
  • a 1 is the surface area of the heating body
  • ⁇ is the black body emissivity (5.67 ⁇ 10-8)
  • t 1 is the temperature of the heating body
  • t 2 is the temperature of the person/object.
  • the heating body 40 in the present disclosure is a whole heating film, the heating body 40 is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the plane where the heat dissipation area is located, and the power density of the heating body 40 is 0.9-1.2 W/cm 2 .
  • the electric heater 100 of the present disclosure has a higher temperature t 1 of the heating element 40 and a larger area A 1 of the heating element 40 , so that the electric heater 100 has a higher total heating capacity.
  • the heating body 40 and the plane where the heat dissipation area is located are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, so the heat emitted by the heating body 40 can be directly radiated to the human body to avoid waste of heat. It can be understood that the shape, quantity and power density of the heating bodies 40 can be selected as required to meet different requirements.
  • the heating element 40 is a rectangular heating film
  • the length direction of the heating film is parallel to the second direction (ie the length direction of the main casing 20 )
  • the width direction of the heating film is parallel to the second direction.
  • Parallel to the first direction (ie, the height direction of the main casing 20 ) one edge of the heating film is provided with a terminal 41 to be electrically connected to the power supply structure.
  • the power supply structure can output current to the heating film, and the heating film can convert the current into heat to radiate to the human body, and at the same time heat the air in the main casing 20 .
  • the electric heater 100 of the present disclosure further includes a wind wheel 60 .
  • the wind wheel 60 is rotatably disposed in the main casing 20 , the wind wheel 60 is arranged corresponding to the heat dissipation area of the heat dissipation panel 21 , and the orthographic projection of the fan wheel 60 on the heat dissipation panel 21 is the second Orthographic projection, the second orthographic projection is completely located in the heat dissipation area, and does not overlap with the first orthographic projection of the heating element 40 on the heat dissipation panel 21, and the area of the heat dissipation area is greater than the area of the first orthographic projection and the second orthographic projection. and.
  • a part of the heat generated by the heating body 40 is radiated to the external environment through the heat dissipation holes 212 located in the first orthographic projection area, and another part of the heat generated by the heating body 40 is extracted by the wind wheel 60 and dissipated through the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area.
  • the holes 212 deliver to the outside environment to cause forced convection of warm and cold air.
  • the total area of the plurality of heat dissipation holes 212 accounts for 40%-60% of the total area of the heat dissipation area, (that is, the total area of all the heat dissipation holes 212 accounts for 40%-60% of the total area of the heat dissipation area of the heat dissipation panel 21).
  • the difference between the temperature of the heat dissipation vias 212 located in the first orthographic projection area and the temperature of the heat dissipation vias 212 located in the second orthographic projection area is less than 20°C.
  • the arrangement of the wind wheel 60 prevents the temperature inside the main casing 20 from being too high and the temperature of the whole electric heater 100 is too high, thereby prolonging the service life of the electric heater 100 and effectively eliminating the problems caused by excessive temperature. security risks. More importantly, since the total area of the plurality of heat dissipation holes 212 accounts for 40%-60% of the total area of the heat dissipation area, the temperature of the heat dissipation holes 212 located in the first orthographic projection area is different from that of the heat dissipation holes located in the second orthographic projection area.
  • the difference between the temperatures of the holes 212 is less than 20°C, so the comfort is avoided due to the overheating of the heat dissipation holes 212 in the first orthographic projection area, and the heat dissipation holes 212 in the second orthographic projection area are also avoided.
  • the problem of excessive wind feeling caused by the high temperature of the heat dissipation panel 21 achieves the effect of uniform heating up and down the heat dissipation panel 21 .
  • the aperture ratio of the heat dissipation holes 212 is less than 40%, the heat directly radiated by the heating element 40 to the external environment will be less, and the heat transmitted to the external environment by the forced convection generated by the wind wheel 60 will be too high, causing wind The feeling is too strong, which reduces the user experience.
  • the opening zero of the heat dissipation holes 212 is greater than 60%, the amount of heat transferred to the external environment by forced convection generated by the wind wheel will be too low, thereby reducing the heating rate and affecting the heating effect.
  • the wind wheel 60 can extract part of the heat generated by the heating body 40, when the power density of the heating body 40 is 0.9-1.2W/cm 2 , the temperature of the heat dissipation holes 212 in the first orthographic projection area is the same as that of the heat dissipation hole 212.
  • the temperature of the heat dissipation holes 212 in the second orthographic projection area can be higher than the ambient temperature by 40° C. to 60° C., so as to prevent the temperature of the heat dissipation holes 212 from being too high and affecting the comfort.
  • the wind wheel 60 is disposed directly below the heating body 40 , the wind wheel 60 is a cross-flow wind wheel, and the central axis of the wind wheel 60 is along the length direction of the heating body 40 (ie the length direction of the main casing 20 ) extending, and the orthographic projection of the fan wheel 60 on the heat dissipation panel 21 is located in the heat dissipation area, and the orthographic projection of the heat generating body 40 on the fan wheel 60 is located on the fan wheel 60 .
  • the fan wheel 60 can extract part of the heat generated by the heating body 40 from one end of the heating body 40, and at the same time prevent the temperature of the electric heater 100 from being too high due to the increase in the temperature of the heating body 40, this part of the heat can be passed through
  • the heat dissipation holes 212 on the heat dissipation panel 21 are efficiently transported to the external environment, thereby reducing the overall temperature of the electric heater 100 and prolonging the service life of the electric heater 100 while improving the heating effect.
  • the aperture ratio of the heat dissipation holes 212 is 48%.
  • the plurality of heat dissipation holes 212 are arranged in a matrix.
  • the heat dissipation panel 21 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation hole groups, and the plurality of heat dissipation hole groups are arranged at intervals along the first direction. spaced along the second direction. It can be understood that the arrangement of the heat dissipation holes 212 is not limited and can be set as required.
  • the heat dissipation holes 212 located in the first orthographic projection area and the heat dissipation holes 212 located in the second orthographic projection area are both circular holes with a diameter of 3mm-6mm, and the heat dissipation holes 212 located in the first orthographic projection area The diameters of the heat dissipation holes 212 in the second orthographic projection area are the same. In this way, the circular heat dissipation holes 212 can effectively disperse the concentrated heat, effectively avoid heat concentration, and the heat dissipated at each heat dissipation hole 212 is relatively uniform, ensuring that the electric heater 100 has a low wind speed within the short-range heating range. with higher air temperature uniformity.
  • the heat dissipation holes 212 in the first orthographic projection area and the heat dissipation holes 212 in the second orthographic projection area are both circular holes with a diameter of 4 mm. It can be understood that the shape and diameter of the heat dissipation holes 212 are not limited to this. The shape and size of the heat dissipation holes 212 located in the first orthographic projection area and the heat dissipation holes 212 located in the second orthographic projection area can be the same or different. Set up to meet different requirements.
  • the above-mentioned electric heater 100 combines the two heating modes of radiation, natural convection and forced convection through the setting of the heating element 40 and the wind wheel 60, which effectively improves the heating effect of the electric heater 100, and at the same time makes the electric heater 100 have a relatively high performance.
  • the high uniformity and comfort of the air outlet solves the problems of poor heating effect of the electric heater, high wind speed, concentrated hot air and strong wind sensation, which significantly improves the use comfort of the electric heater 100, which is beneficial to the electric heater 100. further promotion.

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Abstract

一种电暖器，包括：主壳体（20），包括具有散热区域的散热面板，散热区域内开设有多个散热孔（212）；发热体，设于主壳体（20）的内腔内，且发热体在散热面板上的正投影为第一正投影；风轮（60），设于主壳体（20）的内腔内，且风轮（60）在散热面板上的正投影为第二正投影；其中，第一正投影与第二正投影均位于散热区域内，且第一正投影与第二正投影彼此不重叠；风轮（60）能够将发热体产生的热量通过散热孔（212）输送至外界环境中，使第一正投影区域内的散热孔（212）的温度与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔（212）的温度的差值小于20℃。

Description

电暖器
相关申请
本申请要求2020年08月20日申请的，申请号为202010842717.6，名称为“电暖器”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及采暖技术领域，特别是涉及一种电暖器。
背景技术
随着科技的进步与社会的发展，人们的生活水平逐渐提高，人们对工作、生活环境的要求也日益提高。为了在寒冷的冬季使室内也具有舒适的温度，电暖器成为了人们生活中广泛应用的一种电器。电暖器可对室内进行快速升温，从而提高了室内环境的舒适度，有效提高了人们的生活质量。而且，电暖器相对于传统的采暖方式，建设和安装成本低，具有无污染、能耗低、能源利用率高、使用灵活等优点，受到人们的广泛喜爱。
目前，市场上的电暖器通过安装在其内的发热体产生热量实现制热功能，且主要包括采用辐射与自然对流结合加热的方式与强制对流加热的方式两种，但这两种方式均难以同时满足升温快且风感低的要求，从而阻碍了用户的体感舒适度的提高，不利于电暖器的进一步推广。
发明内容
本公开针对电暖器难以同时满足升温速度较快且风感较低的问题，提出了一种电暖器，该电暖器可以达到升温速度较快且风感较低的技术效果。
一种电暖器，所述电暖器包括：
主壳体，包括具有散热区域的散热面板，所述散热区域内开设有多个散热孔；
发热体，设于所述主壳体的内腔内，且所述发热体在所述散热面板上的正投影为第一正投影，所述发热体产生的热量能够通过所述散热孔辐射至外界环境中；以及
风轮，设于所述主壳体的内腔内，且所述风轮在所述散热面板上的正投影为第二正投影，所述风轮能够将所述发热体产生的热量通过所述散热孔输送至外界环境中；
其中，所述第一正投影与所述第二正投影均位于所述散热区域内，且所述第一正投影 与所述第二正投影彼此不重叠；
所述多个散热孔的总面积占所述散热区域的总面积的40％-60％，以使位于所述第一正投影区域内的散热孔的温度与位于所述第二正投影区域内的散热孔的温度的差值小于20℃。
在一些实施例中，所述多个散热孔的总面积占所述散热区域的总面积的48％。
在一些实施例中，所述发热体的功率密度为0.9-1.2W/cm2，位于所述第一正投影区域内的散热孔的温度与位于所述第二正投影区域内的散热孔的温度均高出所述环境温度40℃-60℃。
在一些实施例中，位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔呈矩阵排列，且每个所述散热孔呈圆形；或位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔呈矩阵排列，且每个所述散热孔呈圆形；或位于所述第一正投影区域和所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔呈矩阵排列，且每个所述散热孔呈圆形。
在一些实施例中，位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径相同；或位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径相同；或位于所述第一正投影区域和所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径相同。
在一些实施例中，位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径与位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径相同；或
位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径与位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径不同。
在一些实施例中，位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔与位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径均为3mm-6mm。
在一些实施例中，位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔与位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔的直径均为4mm。
在一些实施例中，所述散热面板开设有多组散热孔组，所述散热孔，多组所述散热孔组沿第一方向间隔排布，每组所述散热孔组包括多个所述散热孔，每组中的多个所述散热孔沿垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向间隔排布。
在一些实施例中，所述发热体为电热膜，且所述发热体与所述散热区域所在的平面平行且间隔设置。
在一些实施例中，所述风轮设于所述发热体下方，且所述发热体在所述风轮上的正投影位于所述风轮上。
在一些实施例中，所述风轮为贯流风轮。
在一些实施例中，所述散热孔为空气流入或流出所述主壳体的通道，所述第一正投影位于所述第二正投影的上方，所述发热体产生的热量的一部分通过位于所述第一正投影区域的所述散热孔辐射至外界环境中，所述发热体产生的热量的另一部分由所述风轮抽出并通过位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔输送至外界环境中。
上述电暖器，风轮的设置避免了主壳体内部的温度过高而导致电暖器的整机温度过高，从而延长电暖器的使用寿命，有效消除了因温度过高带来的安全隐患。更重要的是，由于位于第一正投影区域内的散热孔的温度与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔的温度的差值小于20℃，因此在避免了因位于第一正投影区域的散热孔的温度过高导致升温过慢的缺点的同时，也避免了因位于第二正投影区域的散热孔的温度过高带来的风感过强的问题，实现了散热面板上下均匀制热的效果。
附图说明
图1为本公开一实施例的电暖器的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示电暖器的内部结构示意图；
图3为图1所示电暖器的散热面板的结构示意图；
图4为图1所示电暖器的发热体的结构示意图；
图5为本公开一实施例的电暖器的热传递路径的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本公开。但是本公开能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本公开内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本公开不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或 者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
正如背景技术中所述，目前，相关技术中的电暖器通过安装在其内的发热体产生热量，进而通过辐射与自然对流结合的方式实现制热功能。
辐射与自然对流结合加热的原理是一部分热量通过电暖器内的发热体直接辐射到人体上，另一部分为发热体加热电暖器的内部空气，使得室内冷热空气进行对流循环，通过室内空气不断被加热的循环，进而提高室内温度。由于辐射与自然对流结合加热没有风感，因此具有良好的舒适度，但另一方面也存在制热效果不佳、取暖升温慢、用户取暖效果不好的缺点。
为了解决电暖器无法在具有良好的舒适度的同时具有较快的制暖速度的特点，本公开提供了一种电暖器100，在具有良好的舒适度的同时可达到较快的制暖速度，从而提高用户体验。
如图1及图2所示，本公开一实施例提供了一种电暖器100，用于为室内供暖。电暖器100包括主壳体20和发热体40。发热体40均设于主壳体20内。发热体40发热后，产 生的一部分热量直接辐射，以提高使用者的体感温度，另一部分热量则加热主壳体20内的空气使得主壳体20内的空气升温，从而造成室内的冷热空气进行对流，进而使室内温度逐渐提高，实现了通过辐射与自然对流结合的方式为室内环境供暖。
具体地，主壳体20呈大致为立方体状的具有内腔的中空壳状结构，包括底板、散热面板21、后侧背板、右侧板、左侧板以及顶板。底板直接或通过支撑件间接地支撑于放置面(例如地面)上，散热面板21、右侧板、后侧背板以及左侧板设于底座同一侧并依次首尾连接，顶板与底板在第一方向上间隔设置且相互平行，并连接于散热面板21、右侧板、后侧背板以及左侧板远离底座的一端。其中，散热面板21与后侧背板沿第三方向间隔设置且相互平行，右侧板与左侧板连接于散热面板21与后侧背板之间，且右侧板与左侧板平行且沿第二方向间隔设置且相互平行。可以理解，主壳体20的形状不限于此，可根据需要设置以满足不同需求。其中，第一方向为竖直方向，即图2中的Z轴方向，第二方向为主壳体20的长度方向，即图2中的X轴方向，第三方向为主壳体20的宽度方向，即图2中的Y轴方向，且第一方向、第二方向以及第三方向两两垂直。
进一步地，散热面板21具有用于散发热量的散热区域，散热区域内开设有连通外界环境的多个散热孔212。如此，主壳体20中的热量可同通过散热孔212散发至外界环境，外界环境中的空气则可通过散热孔212进入主壳体20内形成气流。如此，无需在主壳体20的右侧板、左侧板以及顶板等其它位置单独设置独立于散热孔212的进风口，从而简化了电暖器100的结构，同时具有较大的进风面积，从而提高了进风效率。
需要说明的是，在本申请中，在所有散热孔212中位于最外侧的散热孔212界定形成散热区域的边缘，散热区域的边缘与位于最外侧的散热孔212外侧边缘相切。
发热体40设于主壳体20内且与散热面板21对应设置，发热体40在散热面板21上的正投影为第一正投影，第一正投影完全位于散热区域内。如此，发热体40产生的一部分热量可通过散热面板21上开设的散热孔212直接辐射至人体，发热体40产生的另一部分热量则加热主壳体20内的空气，室内环境中的冷热空气通过散热孔212进行对流循环，室内空气被不断加热，从而实现通过辐射与自然对流结合的方式提高室内环境温度的功能。
为了提高发热体40的制热效果，公开人在分析电暖器100的供暖方式的过程中发现，发热体40产生的直接辐射至人体的热量满足斯蒂芬-玻尔兹曼定律：Q辐＝ε×A 1×δ×(t 1 4-t 2 4)，其中，ε为表面辐射率(角系数)，A 1为发热体表面积，δ为黑体辐射系数(5.67×10-8)，t 1为发热体温度，t 2为人/物体温度。发热体40产生的加热主壳体20内 部的空气的热量满足牛顿冷却定律：Q传＝h×△t×A 2，其中，h为对流换热系数，△t为温度差(t 1-t 2)，A 2为对流换热面积。
由此可知，发热体40的制热总量为：Q总＝Q辐+Q传＝ε×A1×δ×(t 1 4-t 2 4)+h×△t×A 2。而由于表面辐射率ε、辐射系数δ以及对流换热系数h均为定值，因此公开人发现，为了提高发热体40的制热总量，可通过提高发热体温度t 1与发热体面积A 1这两个角度来实现。
基于上述研究，本公开中的发热体40为一整张发热膜，发热体40与散热区域所在平面平行且间隔设置，发热体40的功率密度为0.9-1.2W/cm 2。如此，本公开的电暖器100具有较高的发热体40温度t 1与较大的发热体40面积A 1，因此使电暖器100具有较高的制热总量。而且发热体40与散热区域所在平面平行且间隔设置，因此发热体40散发的热量可直接辐射到人体上，避免热量的浪费。可以理解，发热体40的形状、数量以及功率密度可根据需要选择以满足不同要求。
如图3所示，具体在一实施例中，发热体40为一张矩形的发热膜，发热膜的长度方向平行于第二方向(即主壳体20的长度方向)，发热膜的宽度方向平行于第一方向(即主壳体20的高度方向)，发热膜的一侧边缘设有接线端子41以与供电结构电连接。如此，供电结构可向发热膜输出电流，发热膜可将电流转换为热量以辐射至人体，同时加热主壳体20内的空气。
但是公开人在进一步的研究中发现，虽然提高发热体40的功率密度有效提高了发热体40的制热总量，但发热体40的温度的提高也将同时导致电暖器100的整机温度过高，从而在降低了电暖器100的使用寿命，同时降低了制暖舒适度。基于上述发现，本公开的电暖器100还包括风轮60。
请继续参阅图1及图2，风轮60可转动地设于主壳体20内，风轮60与散热面板21的散热区域对应设置，风轮60在散热面板21上的正投影为第二正投影，第二正投影完全位于散热区域内，并与发热体40在散热面板21上的第一正投影彼此不重叠，且散热区域的面积大于第一正投影与第二正投影的面积之和。发热体40产生的热量的一部分通过位于第一正投影区域的散热孔212辐射至外界环境中，发热体40产生的热量的另一部分由风轮60抽出并通过位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔212输送至外界环境中以造成冷暖空气的强制对流。
进一步地，多个散热孔212的总面积占散热区域的总面积的40％-60％，(即所有散热孔212的总面积占散热面板21的散热区域的总面积的40％-60％)位于第一正投影区域内 的散热孔212的温度与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔212的温度的差值小于20℃。
如此，风轮60的设置避免了主壳体20内部的温度过高而导致电暖器100的整机温度过高，从而延长电暖器100的使用寿命，有效消除了因温度过高带来的安全隐患。更重要的是，由于多个散热孔212的总面积占散热区域的总面积的40％-60％，位于第一正投影区域内的散热孔212的温度与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔212的温度的差值小于20℃，因此在避免了因位于第一正投影区域的散热孔212的温度过高影响舒适度的同时，也避免了因位于第二正投影区域的散热孔212的温度过高带来的风感过强的问题，实现了散热面板21上下均匀制热的效果。
相反，如果散热孔212的开孔率小于40％，则将导致由发热体40直接辐射至外界环境的热量较少，而通过风轮60产生的强制对流输送至外界环境的热量过高造成风感过强，降低了用户体验。而如果散热孔212的开孔零大于60％，则将导致由风轮产生的强制对流输送至外界环境的热量过低，从而减小了升温速度，影响了制暖效果。
进一步地，由于风轮60可抽出发热体40产生的部分热量，因此在发热体40的功率密度为0.9-1.2W/cm 2的同时，位于第一正投影区域内的散热孔212的温度与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔212的温度均可高出环境温度40℃-60℃，从而避免散热孔212的温度过高而影响舒适度。
具体在一些实施例中，风轮60设于发热体40的正下方，风轮60为贯流风轮，风轮60的中心轴线沿发热体40的长度方向(即主壳体20的长度方向)延伸，且风轮60在散热面板21上的正投影位于散热区域内，发热体40在风轮60上的正投影位于风轮60上。如此，风轮60可从发热体40的一端抽出发热体40产生的部分热量，在避免因发热体40的温度提高导致电暖器100的整机温度过高的同时，可将该部分热量通过散热面板21上的散热孔212高效地输送至外界环境中，进而在降低电暖器100的整机温度、延长电暖器100的使用寿命的同时，提高了取暖效果。
请参阅图2及图4，为了进一步确保散热面板21上下均匀制热的效果，在一些实施例中，散热孔212的开孔率为48％。
在一些实施例中，多个散热孔212呈矩阵排列。具体地，散热面板21开设有多组散热孔组，多组散热孔组沿第一方向间隔排布，每组散热孔组包括多个散热孔212，每组散热孔组的多个散热孔212沿第二方向间隔排布。可以理解，散热孔212的排布方式不限，可根据需要设置。
更进一步地，位于第一正投影区域内的散热孔212与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔 212均呈直径为3mm-6mm的圆孔，且位于第一正投影区域内的散热孔212与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔212的直径均相等。如此，圆形的散热孔212可将集中的热量进行有效分散，有效避免了热量集中，各个散热孔212处散发的热量较为均匀，保证了电暖器100近距离取暖范围内具有较低的风速与较高的风温均匀性。在一些实施例中，位于第一正投影区域内的散热孔212与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔212均呈直径为4mm的圆孔。可以理解，散热孔212的形状与直径不限于此，位于第一正投影区域内的散热孔212与位于第二正投影区域内的散热孔212的形状与大小可相同也可不同，可根据需要设置以满足不同要求。
上述电暖器100，通过发热体40与风轮60的设置结合了辐射与自然对流结合与强制对流两种加热方式，有效提升了电暖器100的加热效果，同时使电暖器100具有较高的出风均匀性与舒适性，解决了电暖气加热效果不佳、风速较高、热风集中以及风感强烈的问题，显著提升了电暖器100的使用舒适度，有利于电暖器100的进一步推广使用。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电暖器，其特征在于，所述电暖器包括：
    主壳体(20)，包括具有散热区域的散热面板(21)，所述散热区域内开设有多个散热孔(212)；
    发热体(40)，设于所述主壳体(20)的内腔内，且所述发热体(40)在所述散热面板(21)上的正投影为第一正投影，所述发热体(40)产生的热量能够通过所述散热孔(212)辐射至外界环境中；以及
    风轮(60)，设于所述主壳体(20)的内腔内，且所述风轮(60)在所述散热面板(21)上的正投影为第二正投影，所述风轮(60)能够将所述发热体(40)产生的热量通过所述散热孔(212)输送至外界环境中；
    其中，所述第一正投影与所述第二正投影均位于所述散热区域内，且所述第一正投影与所述第二正投影彼此不重叠；
    所述多个散热孔(212)的总面积占所述散热区域的总面积的40％-60％，以使位于所述第一正投影区域内的散热孔(212)的温度与位于所述第二正投影区域内的散热孔(212)的温度的差值小于20℃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电暖器，其特征在于，所述多个散热孔(212)的总面积占所述散热区域的总面积的48％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电暖器，其特征在于，所述发热体(40)的功率密度为0.9-1.2W/cm 2，位于所述第一正投影区域内的散热孔(212)的温度与位于所述第二正投影区域内的散热孔(212)的温度均高出所述环境温度40℃-60℃。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电暖器，其特征在于，位于所述第一正投影区域和所述第二正投影区域的一者或两者内的所述散热孔(212)呈矩阵排列，且每个所述散热孔(212)呈圆形。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电暖器，其特征在于，位于所述第一正投影区域和所述第二正投影区域的一者或两者内的所述散热孔(212)的直径相同。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电暖器，其特征在于，位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔(212)的直径与位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔(212)的直径相同；或
    位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔(212)的直径与位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔(212)的直径不同。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电暖器，其特征在于，位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述 散热孔(212)与位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔(212)的直径均为3mm-6mm。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的电暖器，其特征在于，位于所述第一正投影区域内的所述散热孔(212)与位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔(212)的直径均为4mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电暖器，其特征在于，所述散热面板(21)开设有多组散热孔组，多组所述散热孔组沿第一方向间隔排布，每组所述散热孔组包括多个所述散热孔(212)，每组中的多个所述散热孔(212)沿垂直于所述第一方向的第二方向间隔排布。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电暖器，其特征在于，所述发热体(40)为电热膜，且所述发热体(40)与所述散热区域所在的平面平行且间隔设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电暖器，其特征在于，所述风轮(60)设于所述发热体(40)下方，且所述发热体在所述风轮(60)上的正投影位于所述风轮(60)上。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的电暖器，其特征在于，所述风轮(60)为贯流风轮。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的电暖器，其特征在于，所述散热孔(212)为空气流入或流出所述主壳体(20)的通道，所述第一正投影位于所述第二正投影的上方，所述发热体(40)产生的热量的一部分通过位于所述第一正投影区域的所述散热孔(212)辐射至外界环境中，所述发热体(40)产生的热量的另一部分由所述风轮(60)抽出并通过位于所述第二正投影区域内的所述散热孔(212)输送至外界环境中。
PCT/CN2021/090937 2020-08-20 2021-04-29 电暖器 WO2022037124A1 (zh)

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CN110033923A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2019-07-19 南通市海王电气有限公司 一种防雷散热型变压器
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CN111486500A (zh) * 2020-05-26 2020-08-04 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种电暖器
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CN104654429A (zh) * 2015-03-18 2015-05-27 广东美的环境电器制造有限公司 电暖器
WO2019215602A1 (en) * 2018-05-07 2019-11-14 I.R.C.A. S.P.A. Industria Resistenze Corazzate E Affini Electric heater
CN110033923A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2019-07-19 南通市海王电气有限公司 一种防雷散热型变压器
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