WO2022028222A1 - 一种低压断路器 - Google Patents

一种低压断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022028222A1
WO2022028222A1 PCT/CN2021/106383 CN2021106383W WO2022028222A1 WO 2022028222 A1 WO2022028222 A1 WO 2022028222A1 CN 2021106383 W CN2021106383 W CN 2021106383W WO 2022028222 A1 WO2022028222 A1 WO 2022028222A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
arc
air outlet
contact
breaker according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/106383
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
南寅
刘万里
邹勇光
戴明军
臧雨松
周健
孙超
杨新文
南添
王立昌
刘芳
谷春雷
Original Assignee
天津首瑞智能电气有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 天津首瑞智能电气有限公司 filed Critical 天津首瑞智能电气有限公司
Publication of WO2022028222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022028222A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts

Definitions

  • the application belongs to the technical field of low-voltage electrical appliances, and in particular relates to a low-voltage circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 1 which is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a molded case circuit breaker in the prior art
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 4 is vertical along the height direction of the low-voltage circuit breaker 10 , that is, the Y′ axis direction It is directly arranged between the moving contact 5 and the static contact 1, and the operating mechanism 6 is arranged at the upper right of the moving contact 5 along the height direction of the low-voltage circuit breaker, that is, the Y' axis direction, and is located in the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the wiring screw 2 is facing the position of the arc nozzle 3.
  • the arc will be guided along the arc striker of the arc extinguishing chamber 4 to the wiring screw 2 at the incoming line end, resulting in the connection between the wiring screw 2 and the movable contact 5 .
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 which are schematic diagrams of the installation of the circuit breaker 10 in the prior art in the switch cabinet
  • the incoming line end of the circuit breaker 10 is arranged in parallel with the metal plate 7 .
  • the arc opening 3 is arranged on the side of the arc-extinguishing chamber 4 away from the moving contact 5 along the length direction of the X' axis as shown in FIG.
  • the arc 3 is ejected.
  • the distance L1 between the incoming line end of the circuit breaker 10 and the bus bar 8, and the side surface of the circuit breaker 10 are close to the metal plate 7 along its width direction, that is, the Z' axis direction.
  • the distance L2 between one side and the metal plate 7 of the switch cabinet and the distance L3 between the two adjacent circuit breakers 10 must meet a certain safety distance, so a large amount of space in the switch cabinet is occupied and the space utilization rate is low.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the installation of a circuit breaker 10' in a drawer unit 11 in a drawer cabinet in the prior art, in which the X" axis direction is the length direction of the circuit breaker 10', and the Z" axis direction is the width direction of the circuit breaker 10'.
  • the circuit breaker 10' When the circuit breaker 10' is disconnected, conductive free gas of high temperature and high pressure is ejected from the arc nozzle 3.
  • the difference from that installed in the switch cabinet is that the circuit breaker 10' installed in the drawer cabinet is installed horizontally.
  • the circuit breaker 10' is vertically arranged with the metal plate of the drawer unit 11.
  • the distance between the incoming end of the circuit breaker 10' and the metal plate of the drawer unit 11 along its length direction, that is, the X" axis direction, must meet certain requirements.
  • the safety distance L4 causes the space of the drawer unit 11 to be occupied, and the space utilization rate is low.
  • the circuit breaker 10 ′ is disconnected, the conductive free gas of high temperature and high pressure is ejected from the arc nozzle 3, which is very easy to cause the drawer unit 11 to connect the plate.
  • the short circuit between the metal plates of the drawer unit 11 between phases or opposite to each other causes the secondary failure of "burning the battalion", resulting in a serious accident of burning down the entire drawer cabinet.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the prior art circuit breaker 10 ′′ installed in the DC system combiner box 12 , the X′′′ axis in the figure is the length direction of the circuit breaker 10 ′′, and the Z′′ ′ axis direction is the width direction of the circuit breaker 10 ′′.
  • the circuit breaker 10" is broken, conductive free gas of high temperature and high pressure is ejected from the arc nozzle 3.
  • the inlet end of the circuit breaker 10" and the metal plate of the combiner box 12 must meet a certain safety distance. L5.
  • a safety distance must be left between the arc jet 3 of the next row of circuit breakers 10" and the outlet ends of the upper row of circuit breakers 10".
  • the circuit breaker 10 in the prior art is usually used at relatively high working voltages (such as AC800V, DC1500V).
  • working voltages such as AC800V, DC1500V.
  • the number of arc-extinguishing grids needs to be increased, so that the distance between the grids is increased.
  • the height of the arc extinguishing chamber will be increased, thereby increasing the height of the overall product and further occupying the space in the switch cabinet.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a low-voltage circuit breaker, which can change the direction of the arc, realize zero flashover, and can reduce the space of the switch cabinet and shorten the connection between the circuit breaker and the circuit breaker.
  • the length of the connecting board and the busbar reduces the amount of copper used in the switch cabinet, reduces the cost, and solves the problems of busbar and ground breakdown caused by arcing during the use of the circuit breaker.
  • a circuit breaker includes an insulating casing and an operating mechanism, a contact system, an arc extinguishing system, an overcurrent protection system, an outlet end and an incoming wire end arranged in the insulating casing, and an arc channel is provided at the bottom of the insulating casing .
  • the length of the arc channel is not less than the length of the arc extinguishing system.
  • the arc extinguishing system is disposed adjacent to the arc channel along the height direction of the circuit breaker and on a side close to the top of the circuit breaker.
  • the contact system includes a moving contact and a stationary contact
  • the stationary contact is a stationary stationary contact or a repulsive rotating stationary contact.
  • the movable contact and the stationary contact are respectively arranged adjacent to the arc extinguishing system along the height direction of the circuit breaker and on a side close to the top of the circuit breaker.
  • the operating mechanism is disposed adjacent to the movable contact along the height direction of the circuit breaker and on a side close to the top of the circuit breaker.
  • the arc channel extends in the length direction of the circuit breaker.
  • a partition is provided between the arc extinguishing system and the bottom of the insulating housing.
  • the arc channel is provided with a first air outlet, and the first air outlet is arranged adjacent to the outlet end or the inlet end along the height direction of the circuit breaker and is provided at the outlet end or the inlet end end near the bottom side of the circuit breaker.
  • the arc channel is provided with a second air outlet, and the second air outlet is arranged adjacent to the outlet end along the height direction of the circuit breaker, and is provided at the outlet end near the bottom of the circuit breaker side.
  • the arc channel is provided with a third air outlet, and the third air outlet is provided on a side of the arc extinguishing system close to the outlet end along the length direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the arc channel is provided between the bottom of the arc extinguishing system and the second air outlet and/or between the second air outlet and the third air outlet.
  • the arc channel is provided with a second air outlet, the second air outlet is arranged opposite the first air outlet along the length direction of the circuit breaker, and is arranged at the end of the circuit breaker along the length direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the outgoing line end or incoming line end is close to the side of the bottom of the circuit breaker.
  • the contact system includes a movable contact and a stationary contact
  • the second air outlet is disposed along the length direction of the circuit breaker on a side away from the movable contact when the movable contact is opened.
  • a dissociation device is provided on the first air outlet and/or the second air outlet.
  • the dissociation device is arranged adjacent to the outlet end or the inlet end along the height direction of the circuit breaker, and is arranged on the side of the outlet end or the inlet end close to the bottom of the circuit breaker.
  • the operating mechanism, the contact system, the arc extinguishing system, and the arc channel are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the connecting line at the end of the movable contact in the closed state and the opening state is substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the circuit breaker, and the two ends of the connecting line point to the outgoing line end and the incoming line end respectively.
  • the static contact is a repulsive rotating static contact
  • the connecting line between the ends of the static contact in the closed state and the open state is substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the circuit breaker, and two ends of the connecting line are substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the circuit breaker. The ends point to the outgoing end and incoming end respectively.
  • a cavity is provided on the side of the operating mechanism close to the incoming wire end, and an electronic controller is provided in the cavity.
  • the number of the arc channels is at least one.
  • the static contact is arranged on one side of the incoming wire end or the outgoing wire end.
  • the movable contact is in contact with or disconnected from a static contact provided on one side of the incoming wire end or on one side of the outgoing wire end.
  • the operating mechanism includes a lower link and a rotating shaft, and the hinge point of the lower link and the rotating shaft is arranged on the left or right side of the rotation center of the rotating shaft along the length direction of the circuit breaker.
  • spaces are provided on both sides of the partition plate along the height direction of the circuit breaker, respectively forming a first arc channel and a second arc channel.
  • the arc-extinguishing chamber of the low-voltage circuit breaker of the present application is arranged at the bottom along its height direction, the arc is sprayed from the arc channel at the bottom, and the arc spraying port at the inlet end is no longer set, so that the inlet end of the circuit breaker and the busbar can be connected.
  • the safety distance between the circuit breakers, the safety distance between the side of the circuit breaker and the metal plate of the switch cabinet, and the safety distance between two adjacent circuit breakers can all be reduced to zero, thereby reducing the space of the switch cabinet and shortening the distance between the circuit breakers and the circuit breakers.
  • the length of the connecting plate and the busbar reduces the copper consumption of the switch cabinet and reduces the cost.
  • the arc-extinguishing chamber of the low-voltage circuit breaker of the present application is arranged below along its height direction, and the arc is ejected from the arc channel at the bottom, which cancels the setting of the arc nozzle near the inlet end, and avoids the wiring screws and moving contacts at the inlet end. short circuit between them to ensure electrical safety.
  • the arc-extinguishing chamber of the low-voltage circuit breaker of the present application is arranged away from the operating mechanism, which can avoid arc damage to the operating mechanism caused by the arc when breaking.
  • the arc channel of the low-voltage circuit breaker of the present application is provided with a dissociation device, which can realize zero flashover.
  • the grids of the arc-extinguishing chamber of the low-voltage circuit breaker of the present application are arranged laterally along its length direction, and are not affected by the height direction, which increases the number of arc-extinguishing grids and the volume of the arc-extinguishing chamber and enhances the arc-extinguishing effect.
  • the arc-extinguishing chamber of the low-voltage circuit breaker of the present application is arranged at the bottom along its height direction, which saves space for the installation of the electronic controller.
  • the arc-extinguishing chamber of the low-voltage circuit breaker of the present application is arranged below along its height direction, the arc is ejected from the arc channel at the bottom, and the incoming line is no longer set.
  • the arc opening at the end can reduce the safety distance between the incoming line end of the circuit breaker and the metal plate of the drawer unit to zero, which can further reduce the size of the drawer unit, and at the same time, it can avoid the short circuit between the connecting plates of the drawer unit or the metal plates of the relative drawer unit. Set fire to the company's secondary failure.
  • the arc nozzle, the safety distance between the inlet end of the circuit breaker and the metal plate of the combiner box, the safety distance between the circuit breaker in the next row and the outlet end of the circuit breaker in the upper row, and the safety distance between the circuit breaker and the bus bar in the combiner box can be reduced to If it is zero, the size of the combiner box can be further reduced, and at the same time, it can avoid the secondary fault of "fired joint operation" caused by short circuit between the positive and negative busbars or between the busbar and the metal plate of the combiner box.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a low-voltage circuit breaker in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a circuit breaker in a switch cabinet in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another angle installation of the prior art circuit breaker in the switch cabinet
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a circuit breaker in a drawer unit in a drawer cabinet in the prior art
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the prior art circuit breaker in the combiner box
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the circuit breaker according to the first embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the circuit breaker according to the first embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the circuit breaker according to the first embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a state diagram of the circuit breaker according to the first embodiment of the application when the dynamic and static contacts are repulsed under a short-circuit fault;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the circuit breaker according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the circuit breaker according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the circuit breaker according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the circuit breaker according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • the present embodiment discloses a low-voltage circuit breaker.
  • the low-voltage circuit breaker includes an insulating casing 100 , an operating mechanism 200 , a contact system 300 , an arc extinguishing device, and an operating mechanism 200 disposed in the insulating casing 100 .
  • System 400 overcurrent protection system 500 , outgoing terminal 600 and incoming terminal 700 .
  • the contact system 300 includes a moving contact 310 , a stationary contact 320 and a rotating shaft 330 .
  • the moving contact 310 is fixed on the rotating shaft 330 and rotates together with the rotating shaft 330 .
  • O4 is the rotation center of the rotating shaft 330 .
  • One end of the lower link 240 in the operating mechanism 200 is hinged with the rotating shaft 330, and its hinge point is O3.
  • One end of the upper link 230 is hinged with the other end of the lower link 240, and its hinge point is O2.
  • the other end of the rod 230 is hinged with the jumper 220, and its hinge point is O1.
  • the hinge point O3 of the lower link 240 and the rotating shaft 330 is on the left side of the rotation center O4 of the rotating shaft 330 , that is, the hinge point O3 is relative to the rotating center O4 of the rotating shaft 330
  • the circuit breaker is arranged on the side close to the incoming line end 700 along the length direction of the circuit breaker, that is, the X-axis direction.
  • the static contact 320 may be a repulsive rotating static contact. As shown in FIG. 9 , the static contact 320 includes a static contact plate 321 and a bracket 322 , and the static contact plate 321 is connected to the outlet wire through a flexible conductor 323 .
  • the terminal 600 is electrically connected, the bracket 322 is fixed on the insulating casing 100 of the circuit breaker, the static contact plate 321 is rotatably connected to the bracket 322, and a torsion is provided between the static contact plate 321 and the bracket 322 Spring 323, the torsion spring 323 is coaxial with the rotation center of the static contact plate 321 and the bracket 322, and one pin is fixed on the bracket 322, and the other pin acts on the static contact
  • the plate 321 provides contact pressure for the static contacts 320 .
  • FIG. 9 is the open circuit of the application
  • the distance between the moving contact 310 and the static contact 320 during breaking is increased to improve the breaking capacity.
  • one end of the static contact 320 is electrically connected to the outlet end 600 through a flexible conductor.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that when the moving contact 310 moves away from the When the direction of the stationary contact 320 is rotated, under the action of the electric repulsion force, the stationary contact 320 also rotates in the direction away from the movable contact 310 at the same time, thereby increasing the number of the movable contact 310 and the stationary contact.
  • the distance between the 320 is further elongated, the current limiting effect is increased, and the breaking capacity is improved, and the arrangement of the flexible conductor provides an active space for the static contact 320 .
  • the static contact 320 may be a fixed static contact, which is electrically connected to the outlet end 600 through a rigid conductor. The advantages of such arrangement are to save internal space and reduce costs.
  • the connecting lines of the ends of the static contacts 320 where the static contacts are set in the closed state and the open state are substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the circuit breaker, and the two ends of the connecting lines point to the
  • the advantage of such arrangement of the outlet end 600 and the inlet end 700 is to facilitate the layout and installation of the arc extinguishing system.
  • One end of the movable contact 310 can be in contact with or separated from the static contact 320 , and is provided with a movable contact that is in contact with or disconnected from the static contact 320 , and the other end is electrically connected to the incoming terminal 700 .
  • one end of the static contact 320 is provided with a static contact corresponding to the movable contact, and the other end is electrically connected to the outlet end 600, the outlet end 600, the static contact 320, the movable contact
  • the contact 310 and the incoming terminal 700 form a circuit, and the moving contact 310 and the static contact 320 are driven by the operating mechanism 200 to separate or contact, so as to realize the closing or opening of the circuit.
  • An overcurrent protection system 500 is also provided in the insulating housing 100.
  • the overcurrent protection system 500 drives the movable contact 310 and the static contact 320. Disconnect, thereby cutting off the circuit and ensuring electrical safety.
  • the arc extinguishing system 400 is used for cooling and cutting the arc generated when the movable contact 310 and the static contact 320 are disconnected, so as to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the arc and ensuring electrical safety.
  • the arc extinguishing system 400 is arranged below the movable contact 310 along the height direction of the circuit breaker in the Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 , and the arc extinguishing system 400 is far away from the
  • An arc channel 800 is provided on one side of the contact system 300 , and the arc channel 800 is arranged at the bottom of the insulating housing 100 along the height direction of the circuit breaker to provide a safe arc spray channel for the arc.
  • the arc extinguishing system 400 is arranged adjacent to the arc channel 800, and the arc extinguishing system 400 is arranged on the side of the arc channel 800 near the top of the circuit breaker along the height direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the top of the circuit breaker refers to the position of the handle 210 of the operating mechanism 200. This setting can ensure that the arc enters the arc channel more quickly after being cooled and cut from the arc extinguishing system 400, thereby discharging the insulation as soon as possible. Housing 100.
  • the arc channel 800 extends along the X-axis direction as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 along the length direction of the circuit breaker, that is, the arc channel 800 extends from the outlet end 600 to the
  • the length of the arc channel 800 is not less than the length of the arc extinguishing system 400 extending in the direction of the incoming wire end 700 .
  • the arc channel 800 is provided with a second air outlet 820 , and the second air outlet 820 is disposed adjacent to the outlet end 600 along the height direction of the circuit breaker and below the outlet end 600 That is, the second air outlet 820 is arranged on the side of the outlet end 600 near the bottom of the circuit breaker along the height direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the second air outlet 820 is located along the The length direction of the circuit breaker is set on the side away from the movable contact 310 when the movable contact 310 is opened. After the arc extinguishing system 400 is cooled and cut, the arc is further cooled through the arc channel 800 and then discharged from the insulating housing 100 through the second air outlet 820 .
  • a dissociation device 830 is disposed on the arc channel 800 .
  • the dissociation device 830 is disposed on the side close to the outlet end 600 along the length direction of the circuit breaker, that is, the X-axis direction.
  • the elimination device 830 includes at least one metal plate, and the metal plate is provided with a plurality of via holes for accommodating the passage of the electric arc, and the arc after the cooling and cutting of the arc extinguishing system 400 is regenerated in the through holes.
  • the safety distance can be reduced to zero, the space of the switch cabinet can be reduced, and the length of the connecting plate and the busbar connected to the circuit breaker can be shortened, the copper consumption of the switch cabinet can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
  • the number of the dissociation devices 830 may be one or more, and the corresponding number may be set according to the space, which is not limited here.
  • the low-voltage circuit breaker is further provided with a third air outlet 840 , and the third air outlet 840 is located in the arc extinguishing system 400 along the length direction of the circuit breaker, that is, the X-axis direction, close to the arc extinguishing system 400 .
  • a dissociation device 830a is also provided between the third air outlet 840 and the second air outlet 820, and the arc is ejected from the arc extinguishing system 400 through the third air outlet 840 After that, it passes through the deionization device 830a and the deionization device 830 in sequence, and finally is discharged to the outside of the circuit breaker through the second air outlet 820.
  • a space is also formed between the third air outlet 840 and the second air outlet 820.
  • Arc channel 800 That is, in this embodiment, the number of the arc channels 800 is multiple, which are respectively located between the bottom of the arc extinguishing system 400 and the second air outlet 820 and between the third air outlet 840 and the between the second air outlets 820 .
  • the movable contact 310 , the stationary contact 320 and the arc extinguishing system 400 are disposed adjacent to and above the arc extinguishing system 400 , and the operating mechanism 200
  • the circuit breaker is arranged above the movable contact 310 along the Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 along the height direction of the circuit breaker, and the operating mechanism 200 is arranged adjacent to the movable contact 310 .
  • the operating mechanism 200 includes an operating handle 210 provided on the top of the circuit breaker and provided with a manual operation feature.
  • the operating mechanism 200 , the contact system 300 , the arc extinguishing system 400 and the arc channel 800 are arranged in order from top to bottom along the height direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the connecting line at the end of the movable contact 310 where the moving contact is set in the closed state and the opening state is substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the circuit breaker, and the two ends of the connecting line are respectively Point to the outlet end 600 and the inlet end 700 to facilitate the layout and installation of the arc extinguishing system.
  • a cavity 110 is provided on the side of the operating mechanism 200 close to the incoming wire end 700 , an electronic controller 900 is disposed in the cavity 110 , and the outgoing wire end 600 is connected to the static contact
  • a current transformer 910 is set on the flexible conductor between 320.
  • the current transformer 910 can collect the current information of the main circuit and transmit it to the electronic controller 900. When a large current such as overload and short circuit occurs in the circuit In this case, the current transformer 910 transmits the collected current information to the electronic controller 900, and the electronic controller 900 transmits a drive signal to the overcurrent protection system 500, and the overcurrent protection system 500 After receiving the driving signal, the contact system 300 is driven to disconnect to ensure electrical safety.
  • a second embodiment is disclosed.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that the low-voltage circuit breaker in this embodiment is further provided with a partition plate 850, and the partition plate 850 is arranged on the arc extinguishing system 400 along the height direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the arc channel 800 includes a first arc channel 800A and a second arc channel 800B, and the first arc channel 800A and the second arc channel 800B are respectively located along the height direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the first arc channel 800A is arranged between the arc extinguishing grid of the arc extinguishing system 400 and the partition plate 850
  • the second arc channel 800B is arranged in the partition plate 850 . between the board 850 and the bottom surface of the insulating housing 100 .
  • a first air outlet 810 is provided on the arc channel 800 , and the first air outlet 810 is arranged at the end of the partition plate 850 and the arc extinguishing system 400 is close to the wire inlet end 700 .
  • the first air outlet 810 is located along the The height direction of the circuit breaker is set on the side of the incoming line end 700 close to the bottom of the circuit breaker.
  • the third embodiment is disclosed.
  • the difference from the second embodiment is that the static contact 320 of this embodiment is arranged on the side of the incoming line end 700 and is connected to the other through flexible conductors.
  • the inlet end 700 is electrically connected, and correspondingly, the positions of the first air outlet 810 and the second air outlet 820 are adjusted accordingly, and the first air outlet 810 is arranged along the height direction of the circuit breaker.
  • Below the outgoing end 600, the second air outlet 820 is disposed below the incoming end 700 along the height direction of the circuit breaker, and the dissociation device 830 is along the length direction of the circuit breaker.
  • the X-axis direction is set on the side close to the wire inlet end 700 .
  • the static contact 320 and the incoming terminal 700 are connected by a flexible conductor
  • the movable contact 310 and the outgoing terminal 600 are connected by a flexible conductor.
  • the connecting lines of the ends of the movable contacts in the two positions are roughly parallel to the bottom surface of the circuit breaker, and the two ends of the connecting lines point to the incoming line end 700 and the outgoing line end 600 respectively.
  • Figure 11 shows the open circuit 11, one end of the lower link 240 of the operating mechanism 200 is hinged with the rotating shaft 330 at the hinge point O3', and one end of the upper link 230 is connected to the lower link 240.
  • the other end of the upper link 230 is hinged to the hinge point O2', the other end of the upper link 230 and the jumper 220 are hinged to the hinge point O1', and the rotation center of the rotating shaft 330 is O4'.
  • the hinge point O3' of the lower link 240 and the rotating shaft 330 is on the right side of the rotation center O4' of the rotating shaft, that is, the hinge point O3' is relative to the rotation center O4' of the rotating shaft 330 along the
  • the length direction of the circuit breaker that is, the X-axis direction is provided on the side close to the outlet end 600 .
  • the spring 250 drives the upper link 230
  • the upper link 230 drives the lower link 240
  • the lower link 240 drives the shaft 330 to rotate clockwise, so that the contact The head system 300 is closed.
  • a fourth embodiment is disclosed.
  • the difference from the third embodiment is that the first air outlet 810 is cancelled, and a fourth air outlet 810 ′ is added.
  • the fourth air outlet 810 ′ is added.
  • 810' is provided on the side of the arc extinguishing system 400 close to the outlet end 600 along the length direction of the circuit breaker, that is, the X-axis direction
  • a fifth air outlet is provided on the arc striking grid of the arc extinguishing system 400 410
  • the arc ignition grid refers to the grid on the far right as shown in FIG. 13 on the side of the arc extinguishing system 400 that is close to the movable contact 310 in the X-axis direction.
  • the grid on the right side of the arc extinguishing system 400 opens a fifth gas outlet 410 , and the right side of the arc extinguishing system 400 is provided with a fourth gas outlet 810 ′, and the free gas that generates high temperature and high pressure during breaking passes through the elimination device 830 and enters the arc
  • the channel 800 is finally sprayed out of the circuit breaker through the second air outlet 820 .

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Abstract

一种断路器，属于低压电器技术领域，包括绝缘外壳（100）和设于绝缘外壳（100）内的操作机构（200）、触头系统（300）、灭弧系统（400）、过电流保护系统（500）、出线端（600）和进线端（700），绝缘外壳（100）的底部设置有电弧通道（800）。灭弧室在下方设置，电弧从底部电弧通道（800）喷出，取消了进线端喷弧口的设置，安全距离可降低为零，可缩小开关柜的空间，同时缩短与断路器连接的联结板和母线长度，降低开关柜的用铜量，降低成本。

Description

一种低压断路器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2020年8月3日提交的名称为“一种低压断路器”的中国专利申请202010765811.6的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请属于低压电器技术领域，尤其涉及一种低压断路器。
背景技术
如图1所示，为现有技术的塑壳式断路器内部结构示意图，在现有技术的低压断路器中，灭弧室4沿所述低压断路器10的高度方向即Y’轴方向竖直设置于动触头5和静触头1之间，操作机构6沿所述低压断路器的高度方向即Y’轴方向设置于所述动触头5的右上方，在所述灭弧室4沿所述断路器10的长度方向即X’轴方向远离所述动触头5的一侧设置喷弧口3，所述动触头5和所述静触头1断开时如断路器分断故障电流时，动触头5和静触头1间产生电弧，使周围空气电离形成高温高压的可导电的游离气体。在进入所述灭弧室4内冷却切割后的残留气体通过所述喷弧口3喷出所述断路器的外部，现有技术的断路器因静触头1的一端与进线端的接线螺钉2电连接，接线螺钉2正对于喷弧口3位置。当线路发生故障分断故障电流的过程中，电弧会沿着所述灭弧室4的引弧片引向所述进线端的接线螺钉2，导致所述接线螺钉2与所述动触头5之间直接短路，从而造成分断失败。
此外，如图2和图3所示，为现有技术的断路器10在开关柜中的安装示意图，所述断路器10的进线端与金属板7平行设置，断路器10中所述喷弧口3沿长度方向如图1所示的X’轴方向设置在所述灭弧室4远离所 述动触头5的一侧，断路器10分断时高温高压的可导电的游离气体从喷弧口3喷出，为确保安全，所述断路器10的进线端与母线8之间的距离L1、所述断路器10的侧面即沿其宽度方向即Z’轴方向靠近金属板7的一侧与开关柜金属板7之间的距离L2及相邻两断路器10之间的距离L3需满足一定的安全距离，因此造成开关柜中大量的空间被占用，空间利用率较低。
图4为现有技术断路器10’在抽屉柜中一抽屉单元11安装示意图，图中X”轴方向为断路器10’的长度方向，Z”轴方向为断路器10’的宽度方向。断路器10’分断时高温高压的可导电的游离气体从喷弧口3喷出，和安装在开关柜中的不同之处在于，安装在抽屉柜中的断路器10’为水平安装，所述断路器10’与抽屉单元11的金属板垂直设置，为确保安全，断路器10’的进线端与抽屉单元11的金属板沿其长度方向即X”轴方向之间的距离需满足一定的安全距离L4，造成抽屉单元11的空间被占用，空间利用率较低。并且断路器10’分断时高温高压的可导电的游离气体从喷弧口3喷出，极易造成抽屉单元11联结板间相间或相对抽屉单元11的金属板间短路，造成“火烧连营”的二次故障，导致整个抽屉柜烧毁的严重事故。
图5为现有技术断路器10”在直流系统汇流箱12中安装示意图，图中X”’轴方向为断路器10”的长度方向，Z”’轴方向为断路器10”的宽度方向。同样的，断路器10”分断时高温高压的可导电的游离气体从喷弧口3喷出，为确保安全，断路器10”的进线端与汇流箱12的金属板需满足一定的安全距离L5、下一排断路器10”的喷弧口3与上排断路器10”的出线端间需留安全距离L6及断路器10”的喷弧口3与汇流箱12中汇流排需满足一定的安全距离L7，造成汇流箱12的空间被占用，空间利用率较低。并且断路器10”分断时高温高压的可导电的游离气体从喷弧口3喷出，极易造成断路器前方汇流排之间或汇流排与汇流箱金属板间短路，造成“火烧连营”的二次故障，导致整个汇流箱12烧毁的严重事故。
最后，现有技术的断路器10通常在比较高的工作电压下(如AC800V、DC1500V)使用,为了提高在故障分断时的燃弧电压，需增加灭弧栅片的数 量，这样在栅片间距不变的情况下会增加灭弧室高度，进而增加整体产品的高度，进一步占用开关柜中空间。
发明内容
基于上述背景，为解决上述问题的至少一个，本申请目的在于提供一种低压断路器，所述低压断路器能改变电弧走向，实现零飞弧，并可缩小开关柜的空间，缩短与断路器连接的联结板和母线长度，降低开关柜的用铜量，降低成本，同时解决了断路器使用过程中由于飞弧造成对母排、对地击穿等问题。
本申请的技术方案如下：
一种断路器，包括绝缘外壳和设于所述绝缘外壳内的操作机构、触头系统、灭弧系统、过电流保护系统、出线端和进线端，所述绝缘外壳的底部设置有电弧通道。
优选的，所述电弧通道的长度不小于所述灭弧系统的长度。
优选的，所述灭弧系统沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述电弧通道相邻设置且设于靠近所述断路器顶部的一侧。
优选的，所述触头系统包括动触头和静触头，所述静触头为固定式静触头或斥力旋转式静触头。
优选的，所述动触头和所述静触头分别沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述灭弧系统相邻设置且设于靠近所述断路器顶部的一侧。
优选的，所述操作机构沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述动触头相邻设置且设于靠近所述断路器顶部的一侧。
优选的，所述电弧通道在所述断路器长度方向延伸设置。
优选的，在所述灭弧系统与所述绝缘外壳的底部之间设有隔板。
优选的，所述电弧通道设置有第一出气口，所述第一出气口沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述出线端或进线端相邻设置且设于所述出线端或进线端靠近所述断路器底部的一侧。
优选的，所述电弧通道设置有第二出气口，所述第二出气口沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述出线端相邻设置且设于所述出线端靠近所述断路器 底部的一侧。
优选的，所述电弧通道设置有第三出气口，所述第三出气口设于所述灭弧系统沿所述断路器的长度方向靠近所述出线端的一侧。
优选的，所述电弧通道设于所述灭弧系统的底部与所述第二出气口之间和/或所述所述第二出气口和所述第三出气口之间。
优选的，所述电弧通道设置有第二出气口，所述第二出气口沿所述断路器的长度方向与所述第一出气口相对设置，且沿所述断路器的长度方向设于所述出线端或进线端靠近所述断路器底部的一侧。
优选的，所述触头系统包括动触头和静触头，所述第二出气口沿所述断路器的长度方向设置于所述动触头打开时远离所述动触头的一侧。
优选的，所述第一出气口和/或所述第二出气口上设置有消游离装置。
优选的，所述消游离装置沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述出线端或进线端相邻设置且设于所述出线端或进线端靠近所述断路器底部的一侧。
优选的，所述操作机构、触头系统、灭弧系统、电弧通道沿所述断路器高度方向依次设置。
优选的，所述动触头在合闸状态和分闸状态的端部连线与所述断路器的底面大致平行，所述连线的两端分别指向所述出线端和进线端。
优选的，所述静触头为斥力旋转式静触头，所述静触头在合闸状态和分闸状态的端部连线与所述断路器的底面大致平行，所述连线的两端分别指向所述出线端和进线端。
优选的，所述操作机构靠近所述进线端一侧设置有空腔，所述空腔中设置电子控制器。
优选的，所述电弧通道的数量为至少一条。
优选的，所述静触头设置于所述进线端或所述出线端一侧。
优选的，所述动触头与设于所述进线端一侧或设于所述出线端一侧的静触头相接触或分断。
优选的，所述操作机构包括下连杆和转轴，所述下连杆与所述转轴的铰接点沿所述断路器的长度方向设于所述转轴的转动中心的左侧或右侧。
优选的，所述隔板沿所述断路器的高度方向的两侧均设有空间，分别 形成第一电弧通道和第二电弧通道。
本申请实施例的有益效果包括如下中的一种或多种：
1.本申请的低压断路器的灭弧室沿其高度方向在下方设置，电弧从底部电弧通道喷出，不再设置进线端喷弧口，从而可使断路器的进线端与母线之间的安全距离、断路器的侧面与开关柜金属板之间的安全距离及相邻两断路器之间的安全距离均可降低为零，从而缩小开关柜的空间，同时缩短与断路器连接的联结板和母线的长度，降低开关柜的用铜量，降低成本。
2.本申请的低压断路器的灭弧室沿其高度方向在下方设置，电弧从底部电弧通道喷出，取消了进线端附近喷弧口的设置，避免进线端的接线螺钉与动触头之间的短路，保证电气安全。
3.本申请的低压断路器的灭弧室远离操作机构设置，可避免分断时电弧对操作机构的电弧损伤。
4.本申请的低压断路器的电弧通道上设有消游离装置，可实现零飞弧。
5.本申请的低压断路器的灭弧室各栅片沿其长度方向横向设置，不受高度方向影响，增加了灭弧栅片数量及灭弧室体积，增强灭弧效果。
6.本申请的低压断路器的灭弧室沿其高度方向在下方设置，给电子控制器的安装节省了空间。
7.本申请的低压断路器应用于抽屉柜中的抽屉单元时，因本申请的低压断路器的灭弧室沿其高度方向在下方设置，电弧从底部电弧通道喷出，不再设置进线端喷弧口，使断路器的进线端与抽屉单元金属板的安全距离可降为零，可进一步缩小抽屉单元尺寸，同时能避免抽屉单元联结板相间或相对抽屉单元金属板间短路造成“火烧连营”的二次故障。
8.本申请的低压断路器应用于直流系统的汇流箱时，因本申请的低压断路器的灭弧室沿其高度方向在下方设置，电弧从底部电弧通道喷出，不再设置进线端喷弧口，断路器的进线端与汇流箱的金属板的安全距离、下一排断路器与上排断路器出线端间安全距离及断路器与汇流箱中汇流排的安全距离可降为零，可进一步缩小汇流箱尺寸，同时能避免正负极汇流排之间或汇流排与汇流箱金属板间短路造成“火烧连营”的二次故障。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术的低压断路器内部结构示意图；
图2为现有技术断路器在开关柜中安装示意图；
图3为现有技术断路器在开关柜中另一角度安装示意图；
图4为现有技术断路器在抽屉柜中一抽屉单元安装示意图；
图5为现有技术断路器在汇流箱中安装示意图；
图6为本申请的第一实施例断路器整体结构示意图；
图7为本申请的第一实施例断路器内部结构示意图；
图8为本申请的第一实施例断路器的操作机构原理图；
图9为本申请的第一实施例断路器在短路故障下动静触头斥开时的状态图；
图10为本申请的断路器第二实施例内部结构示意图；
图11为本申请的断路器第三实施例内部结构示意图；
图12为本申请的断路器的第三实施例操作机构原理图；
图13为本申请的断路器第四实施例内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例，为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及具体实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细描述。应理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅意在解释本申请，而不是限定本申请。对于本领域技术人员来说，本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请更好的理解。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者 暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
第一实施例
如图6和图7所示，本实施例公开了一种低压断路器，所述低压断路器包括绝缘外壳100和设于所述绝缘外壳100内的操作机构200、触头系统300、灭弧系统400、过电流保护系统500、出线端600和进线端700。所述触头系统300包括动触头310、静触头320和转轴330，动触头310固定在转轴330上并和转轴330一起转动，O4为转轴330的转动中心。所述操作机构200中的下连杆240的一端与转轴330铰接，其铰接点为O3,上连杆230的一端与下连杆240的另一端铰接，其铰接点为O2，所述上连杆230的另一端与跳扣220铰接，其铰接点为O1。在所述操作机构200的带动下，可实现所述触头系统300的闭合或断开。图8为断路器分闸位置时的原理图，下连杆240与转轴330的铰接铰接点O3在转轴330的转动中心O4的左边，即所述铰接点O3相对所述转轴330的转动中心O4沿所述断路器的长度方向即X轴方向设于靠近进线端700的一侧。操作手柄210使弹簧250的中心越过所述上连杆230与跳扣220的铰接点O1时，弹簧250驱动上连杆230，上连杆230驱动下连杆240，下连杆240驱动转轴330作逆时针转动，从而使触头系统300闭合。
所述静触头320可为斥力旋转式静触头，如图9所示，所述静触头320包括静触板321和支架322，所述静触板321通过柔性导体323与所述出线端600电连接，所述支架322固定在所述断路器的绝缘外壳100上，所述静触板321与所述支架322转动连接，在所述静触板321和支架322之间设有一扭簧323，所述扭簧323与所述静触板321与所述支架322的转动中心同轴设置，且其一个引脚固定在所述支架322上，另一个引脚作用在所 述静触板321，为所述静触头320提供触头压力。
当线路发生故障产生短路电流时，机构因存在解扣时间还未脱扣动作，此时动触头310和静触头320在短路电流电动力的作用下斥开，图9为本申请的断路器的短路故障动静触头斥开时的状态图，动触头310和静触头320斥开后可限制短路电流进一步上升，起到限制短路电流的作用，同时，静触头320斥开可增加分断时动触头310与静触头320之间的开距，提升分断能力。
需要说明的是，所述静触头320的一端通过柔性导体与所述出线端600电连接，如此设置的好处是当所述动触头310在所述操作机构200的作用下向远离所述静触头320的方向转动时，在电动斥力的作用下，所述静触头320也同时向远离所述动触头310的方向转动，从而增加所述动触头310和所述静触头320之间的开距，进而拉长电弧，增加了限流效果，提升了分断能力，所述柔性导体的设置为所述静触头320提供活动空间。当然在其他实施例中，所述静触头320可为固定式静触头，通过刚性导体与所述出线端600电连接，如此设置的好处是节约内部空间，降低成本。
进一步的，所述静触头320在合闸状态和分闸状态两个位置的设置静触点的端部连线与所述断路器的底面大致平行，所述连线的两端分别指向所述出线端600和所述进线端700，如此设置的好处是方便灭弧系统的布局及安装。
所述动触头310的一端可与所述静触头320接触或分离，并设有与所述静触头320接触或断开的动触点，另一端与所述进线端700电连接，所述静触头320的一端设有与所述动触点对应的静触点，另一端与所述出线端600电连接，所述出线端600、所述静触头320、所述动触头310和所述进线端700形成一个电路，通过所述操作机构200驱动所述动触头310与所述静触头320分离或接触，从而实现所述电路的闭合或断开。
在所述绝缘外壳100内还设有过电流保护系统500，当电路中存在过载、短路等过电流故障时，所述过电流保护系统500驱动所述动触头310与所述静触头320断开，从而切断电路，保证电气安全。所述灭弧系统400用于对所述动触头310和所述静触头320断开时产生的电弧进行冷却切割， 达到熄灭电弧的保证电气安全的目的。
进一步的，所述灭弧系统400沿所述断路器的高度方向如图6或图7所示的Y轴方向设于所述动触头310的下方，在所述灭弧系统400远离所述触头系统300的一侧设有电弧通道800，所述电弧通道800沿所述断路器的高度方向设于所述绝缘外壳100的底部，给电弧提供了安全的喷弧通道。所述灭弧系统400与所述电弧通道800相邻设置，且所述灭弧系统400沿所述断路器的高度方向设于所述电弧通道800靠近所述断路器顶部的一侧，所述断路器的顶部是指所述操作机构200的手柄210的位置，如此设置可保证电弧从所述灭弧系统400中经过冷却切割后更快的进入所述电弧通道内，进而尽快排出所述绝缘外壳100。
在一具体实施例例中，所述电弧通道800沿所述断路器的长度方向如图6或图7所示的X轴方向延伸设置，即所述电弧通道800由所述出线端600向所述进线端700的方向延伸，所述电弧通道800的长度不小于所述灭弧系统400的长度。
进一步的，所述电弧通道800设有第二出气口820，所述第二出气口820沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述出线端600相邻设置且设于所述出线端600的下方，即：所述第二出气口820沿所述断路器的高度方向设于所述出线端600靠近所述断路器底部的一侧，在本实施例中，所述第二出气口820沿所述断路器的长度方向设置于所述动触头310打开时远离所述动触头310的一侧。在所述灭弧系统400经过冷却切割后的电弧经过所述电弧通道800进一步冷却后通过所述第二出气口820排出所述绝缘外壳100。在所述电弧通道800上设置有消游离装置830，在本实施例中，所述消游离装置830沿所述断路器的长度方向即X轴方向设于靠近所述出线端600的一侧。所述消游离装置830包括至少一金属板，在所述金属板上设有若干容纳所述电弧通过的过孔，在所述灭弧系统400经过冷却切割后的电弧在所述过孔内再次冷却，达到进一步消游离目的,安全距离可降低为零，可缩小开关柜的空间，同时缩短与断路器连接的联结板和母线长度，降低开关柜的用铜量，降低成本。需要说明的是，所述消游离装置830的数量可以是一个，也可以是多个，根据空间设置相应的数量即可，在此不做限制。
在本实施例中，所述低压断路器还设有第三出气口840，所述第三出气口840沿所述断路器的长度方向即X轴方向设于所述灭弧系统400靠近所述出线端600的一侧，在所述第三出气口840和所述第二出气口820之间还设有消游离装置830a,电弧通过所述第三出气口840喷出所述灭弧系统400后依次经过消游离装置830a和消游离装置830，最后通过所述第二出气口820排出所述断路器外部，所述第三出气口840和所述第二出气口820之间也形成了一个电弧通道800。即：在本实施例中，所述电弧通道800的数量为多个，分别位于所述灭弧系统400的底部与所述第二出气口820之间和所述第三出气口840和所述第二出气口820之间。
请继续参考图6和图7可知，所述动触头310和所述静触头320和所述灭弧系统400相邻设置且设置在所述灭弧系统400的上方，所述操作机构200沿所述断路器的高度方向如图6或图7所示的Y轴方向设于所述动触头310的上方，且所述操作机构200与所述动触头310相邻设置，所述操作机构200包括操作手柄210，所述操作手柄210设置在所述断路器顶部并设置有人手操作特征。综上所述，所述操作机构200、触头系统300、灭弧系统400和电弧通道800沿所述断路器的高度方向从上往下依次设置。需要说明的是，所述动触头310在合闸状态和分闸状态两个位置的设置动触点的端部连线与所述断路器的底面大致平行，所述连线的两端分别指向所述出线端600和所述进线端700，方便灭弧系统的布局及安装。
进一步的，在所述操作机构200靠近所述进线端700的一侧设置有空腔110，在所述空腔110设置有电子控制器900，在所述出线端600与所述静触头320之间的柔性导体上套设有电流互感器910，所述电流互感器910可采集所述主回路的电流信息并传递给所述电子控制器900，当电路中出现过载、短路等大电流情况时，所述电流互感器910将采集到的电流信息传递给所述电子控制器900，所述电子控制器900给所述过电流保护系统500传递一驱动信号，所述过电流保护系统500接到所述驱动信号后驱动所述触头系统300断开，保证电气安全。
第二实施例
如图10所示，公开了第二实施例。与第一实施例的不同之处在于，在 本实施例中的所述低压断路器还设有隔板850，所述隔板850沿所述断路器的高度方向设于所述灭弧系统400与所述绝缘外壳100的底面之间，且与所述灭弧系统400的灭弧栅片和所述绝缘外壳100的底面之间均分别设有一定的间隙，所述隔板850的长度小于所述灭弧系统400的长度，此时，所述电弧通道800包括第一电弧通道800A和第二电弧通道800B，第一电弧通道800A和第二电弧通道800B沿所述断路器高度方向分别位于所述隔板850的两侧，所述第一电弧通道800A设于所述灭弧系统400的灭弧栅片与所述隔板850之间，所述第二电弧通道800B设于所述隔板850与所述绝缘外壳100的底面之间。
对应的，在所述电弧通道800上设置有第一出气口810，所述第一出气口810设于所述隔板850的端部与所述灭弧系统400靠近所述进线端700一侧的侧壁之间，沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述进线端700相邻设置，且设于所述进线端700的下方，即：所述第一出气口810沿所述断路器的高度方向设于所述进线端700靠近所述断路器底部的一侧，电弧在所述灭弧系统400中冷却切割后经由所述第一电弧通道800A通过所述第一出气口810进入所述第二电弧通道800B，拉长了电弧的冷却路径，且有效避免了冷却切割后的电弧与所述进线端700接线螺钉短接造成的短路故障。
第三实施例
如图11和图12所示，公开了第三实施例，与第二实施例的不同之处在于，本实施例的静触头320设于进线端700一侧，并通过柔性导体与所述进线端700电连接，对应的，所述第一出气口810和所述第二出气口820的位置也做了相应调整，所述第一出气口810沿所述断路器的高度方向设于所述出线端600的下方，所述第二出气口820沿所述断路器的高度方向设于所述进线端700的下方，所述消游离装置830沿所述断路器的长度方向即X轴方向设于靠近所述进线端700的一侧。
具体的，此实例中静触头320与所述进线端700之间通过柔性导体联结，所述动触头310与所述出线端600之间通过柔性导体联结,在合闸状态和分闸状态两个位置的设置动触点的端部连线与所述断路器的底面大致平行，所述连线的两端分别指向所述进线端700和所述出线端600，图11为 断路器分闸位置时的原理图，如图11所示，此时所述操作机构200的下连杆240的一端与转轴330铰接于铰接点O3’,上连杆230的一端与下连杆240的另一端铰接于铰接点O2’，上连杆230的另一端与跳扣220铰接于铰接点O1’，转轴330的转动中心为O4’。在本实施例中，所述下连杆240与转轴330铰接点O3’在转轴转动中心O4’的右边，即：即所述铰接点O3’相对所述转轴330的转动中心O4’沿所述断路器的长度方向即X轴方向设于靠近出线端600的一侧。此时操作手柄210使弹簧250的中心越过铰接点O1’时，弹簧250驱动上连杆230，上连杆230驱动下连杆240，下连杆240驱动转轴330作顺时针转动，从而使触头系统300闭合。
第四实施例
如图13所示，公开了第四实施例，与第三实施例的不同之处在于，取消了所第一出气口810的设置，增加了第四出气口810’，所述第四出气口810’沿所述断路器的长度方向即X轴方向设于所述灭弧系统400靠近所述出线端600的一侧，在所述灭弧系统400的引弧栅片上设有第五出气口410，所述引弧栅片是指所述灭弧系统400沿X轴方向靠近所述动触头310一侧的如图13所示最右侧的栅片。
具体的，此实例中灭弧系统400右侧栅片开第五出气口410，灭弧系统400右侧设置第四出气口810’，分断时产生高温高压的游离气体经过消游离装置830进入电弧通道800，最后通过第二出气口820喷出断路器外。以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请实施例可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述实施例均是示例性而非限制性的。在不同实施例中出现的不同技术特征可以进行组合，以取得有益效果。本领域技术人员在研究附图、说明书及权利要求书的基础上，应能理解并实现所揭示的实施例的其他变化的实施例。在权利要求书中，术语“包括”并不排除其他装置或步骤；物品没有使用数量词修饰时旨在包括一个/种或多个/种物品，并可以与“一个/种或多个/种物品”互换使用”；术语“第 一”、“第二”用于标示名称而非用于表示任何特定的顺序。权利要求中的任何附图标记均不应被理解为对保护范围的限制。权利要求中出现的多个部分的功能可以由一个单独的硬件或软件模块来实现。某些技术特征出现在不同的从属权利要求中并不意味着不能将这些技术特征进行组合以取得有益效果。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种断路器，包括绝缘外壳(100)和设于所述绝缘外壳(100)内的操作机构(200)、触头系统(300)、灭弧系统(400)、过电流保护系统(500)、出线端(600)和进线端(700)，所述绝缘外壳(100)的底部设置有电弧通道(800)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其中，所述电弧通道(800)的长度不小于所述灭弧系统(400)的长度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其中，所述灭弧系统(400)沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述电弧通道(800)相邻设置且设于靠近所述断路器顶部的一侧。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其中，所述触头系统(300)包括动触头(310)和静触头(320)，所述静触头(320)为固定式静触头或斥力旋转式静触头。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的断路器，其中，所述动触头(310)和所述静触头(320)分别沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述灭弧系统(400)相邻设置且设于靠近所述断路器顶部的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的断路器，其中，所述操作机构(200)沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述动触头(310)相邻设置且设于靠近所述断路器顶部的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其中，所述电弧通道(800)在所述断路器长度方向延伸设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其中，在所述灭弧系统(400)与所述绝缘外壳(100)的底部之间设有隔板(850)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的断路器，其中，所述电弧通道(800)设置 有第一出气口(810)，所述第一出气口(810)沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述出线端(600)或所述进线端(700)相邻设置且设于所述出线端(600)或所述进线端(700)靠近所述断路器底部的一侧。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其中，所述电弧通道(800)设置有第二出气口(820)，所述第二出气口(820)沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述出线端(600)相邻设置且设于所述出线端(600)靠近所述断路器底部的一侧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的断路器，其中，所述电弧通道(800)设置有第三出气口(840)，所述第三出气口(840)设于所述灭弧系统(400)沿所述断路器的长度方向靠近所述出线端(600)的一侧。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的断路器，其中，所述电弧通道(800)设于所述灭弧系统(400)的底部与所述第二出气口(820)之间和/或所述所述第二出气口(820)和所述第三出气口(840)之间。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的断路器，其中，所述电弧通道(800)设置有第二出气口(820)，所述第二出气口(820)沿所述断路器的长度方向与所述第一出气口(810)相对设置，且沿所述断路器的长度方向设于所述出线端(600)或所述进线端(700)靠近所述断路器底部的一侧。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的断路器，其中，所述触头系统(300)包括动触头(310)和静触头(320)，所述第二出气口(820)沿所述断路器的长度方向设置于所述动触头(310)打开时远离所述动触头(310)的一侧。
  15. 根据权利要求10或11所述的断路器，其中，所述第一出气口(810)和/或所述第二出气口(820)上设置有消游离装置(830)。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的断路器，其中，所述消游离装置(830)沿所述断路器的高度方向与所述出线端(600)或所述进线端(700)相邻设置且设于所述出线端(600)或所述进线端(700)靠近所述断路器底部 的一侧。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其中，所述操作机构(200)、所述触头系统(300)、所述灭弧系统(400)、所述电弧通道(800)沿所述断路器高度方向依次设置。
  18. 根据权利要求4所述的断路器，其中，所述动触头(310)在合闸状态和分闸状态的端部连线与所述断路器的底面大致平行，所述连线的两端分别指向所述出线端(600)和所述进线端(700)。
  19. 根据权利要求4所述的断路器，其中，所述静触头(320)为斥力旋转式静触头，所述静触头(320)在合闸状态和分闸状态的端部连线与所述断路器的底面大致平行，所述连线的两端分别指向所述出线端(600)和所述进线端(700)。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其中，所述操作机构(200)靠近所述进线端(700)一侧设置有空腔(110)，所述空腔(110)中设置电子控制器(900)。
  21. 根据权利要求4所述的断路器，其中，所述静触头(320)设置于所述进线端(700)或所述出线端(600)一侧。
  22. 根据权利要求4所述的断路器，其中，所述动触头(310)与设于所述进线端(700)一侧或设于所述出线端(600)一侧的静触头(320)相接触或分断。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的断路器，其中，所述操作机构(200)包括下连杆(240)和转轴(330)，所述下连杆(240)与所述转轴(330)铰接点沿所述断路器的长度方向设于所述转轴(330)转动中心的左侧或右侧。
  24. 根据权利要求8所述的断路器，其中，所述隔板(850)沿所述断路器的高度方向的两侧均设有空间，分别形成第一电弧通道(800A)和第 二电弧通道(800B)。
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