WO2022021578A1 - 一种刀条夹具 - Google Patents

一种刀条夹具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022021578A1
WO2022021578A1 PCT/CN2020/115935 CN2020115935W WO2022021578A1 WO 2022021578 A1 WO2022021578 A1 WO 2022021578A1 CN 2020115935 W CN2020115935 W CN 2020115935W WO 2022021578 A1 WO2022021578 A1 WO 2022021578A1
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Prior art keywords
blade
elastic member
pressing
installation cavity
screw
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PCT/CN2020/115935
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈闹
李锡晗
尚吉顺
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湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司
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Publication of WO2022021578A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022021578A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
    • B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F23/1237—Tool holders
    • B23F23/1256—Rack cutter holders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamping tool, in particular to a blade clamp.
  • the gear milling cutter is a tool used for milling teeth.
  • the gear milling cutter needs to be clamped on the corresponding machine tool to form the blade.
  • the blade is a quadrangular prism structure, the traditional three-jaw chuck structure cannot be used. Therefore, developing a fixture that can effectively clamp the blade has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industry.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a blade holder, which can effectively realize the clamping of the blade in the quadrangular prism structure.
  • the installation seat is provided with a blade installation cavity
  • a plurality of indenters are arranged around the blade installation cavity, and one end of the indenter close to the blade installation cavity is close to the open end of the blade installation cavity relative to the other end;
  • a pressure plate one end of the pressure plate is connected with an elastic member capable of elastic deformation, the other end of the elastic member is connected to the middle position of the pressure head, and the pressure plate is maintained at the middle position or away from the One end of the elastic member abuts the pressing head.
  • the blade clamp set with the above structure can effectively adapt to the clamping of the blade by controlling the pressure plate to press the blade by the indenter, and the method of pressing the blade by the pressure plate can effectively increase the contact area and improve the clamping force , it can also avoid the damage caused by partial pressure on the blade, protect the blade, and the pressure plate is connected to the end of the pressure head by elastic parts, which can be adjusted by swinging compared with the fixed setting method, which can better adapt to the blade. Clamping of the strip.
  • the pressure head can be driven by hydraulic, pneumatic and other methods for locking, which is stable and reliable.
  • the end away from the blade installation cavity is far away from the open end of the blade installation cavity, so that the mounting seat can be installed on the open end face of the blade installation cavity.
  • the blade installation cavity is provided with a V-shaped positioning surface
  • the indenter is provided with two groups corresponding to the V-shaped positioning surface.
  • a V-shaped block is provided in the blade installation cavity, a backing plate is detachably provided on the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped block, and the V-shaped block is formed by the end surface of the backing plate positioning surface.
  • a ball head structure is provided at one end of the press head close to the blade installation cavity, and a positioning hole is provided on the press plate corresponding to the ball head structure.
  • a groove is provided on the pressing head, and the elastic member is clamped in the groove.
  • one end of the elastic member is fixed to one end of the pressing plate by a screw, and the screw is provided with a washer at one end of the elastic member close to the pressing plate.
  • one end of the elastic member is fixed to one end of the pressing plate by a screw, and the pressing plate is provided with a plug abutting against the screw in the radial direction of the screw.
  • one end of the elastic member is fixed to one end of the pressing plate by a screw, and the screw is provided with a spring at one end of the elastic member close to the pressing plate.
  • the elastic member is a leaf spring.
  • a positioning pin is provided on the pressing plate corresponding to a middle section of the elastic member, and the positioning pin passes through the elastic member.
  • Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the first structural sectional view of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the second structure of the present invention.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • the present invention provides a blade holder, which includes:
  • the mounting seat 100, the mounting seat 100 is provided with a blade mounting cavity
  • indenters 201 are arranged around the blade installation cavity, and one end of the indenter 201 close to the blade installation cavity is close to the open end of the blade installation cavity relative to the other end;
  • the pressure plate 200 one end of the pressure plate 200 is connected with an elastic member 202 capable of elastic deformation, the other end of the elastic member 202 is connected to the middle position of the pressure head 201, and the pressure plate 200 acts by the elastic member 202 to maintain the middle position or one end away from the elastic member 202 Abutting the indenter 201 .
  • indenters 201 can be set to respectively clamp one side of the blade, or a suitable positioning structure can be set on the mounting seat 100, while The number of sets of the indenters 201 is set to be less than four sets.
  • the axis of the indenter 201 is inclined leftward with respect to the vertical direction, and the pressing plate 200 can be acted by the elastic member 202 to keep the lower end surface horizontal, nearly horizontal, inclined left or right.
  • the pressure head 201 controls the pressure plate 200 to compress the blade, which can effectively adapt to the clamping of the blade, and the method of pressing the blade 200 by the pressure plate 200 can effectively increase the contact area and improve the clamping force.
  • the holding force can also avoid the damage caused by partial pressure on the blade and protect the blade.
  • the pressure plate 200 is connected by the elastic member 202 and held at the end of the pressure head 201. Better adapt to the clamping of the blade.
  • the pressure head 201 can be driven by hydraulic, pneumatic, etc. for locking, which is stable and reliable. At the same time, its upper end is inclined to the left, so that the mounting seat 100 can be set on the open end face of the blade installation cavity. , The processing of the blade is reserved to ensure the smooth processing of the blade.
  • the blade installation cavity is provided with a V-shaped positioning surface
  • the indenter 201 is provided with two groups corresponding to the V-shaped positioning surface.
  • the number of each group of indenters 201 can be flexibly set as required.
  • only one indenter 201 is set in each group.
  • the two pressing heads 201 are disposed at the side walls of the blade installation cavity opposite to the two end faces of the V-shaped positioning surface, so as to form a blade clamping area with the V-shaped positioning surface.
  • the indenter 201 When the blade is clamped, the indenter 201 is in a retracted state, the blade is first put into the blade installation cavity and attached to the V-shaped positioning surface, and then the indenter 201 is controlled to extend to clamp the blade.
  • the arrangement of the V-shaped positioning surface can not only reduce the number of indenters 201 to set, but also facilitate the clamping and positioning, and improve the loading and unloading efficiency.
  • a V-shaped block 101 is provided in the blade installation cavity, and a backing plate 102 is detachably provided on the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped block 101 , and a V-shaped block 102 is formed by the end face of the backing plate 102 . shape positioning surface.
  • the setting of the backing plate 102 can be used for disassembly and replacement according to different sizes of blades, so as to facilitate clamping of blades of different sizes, and can also be disassembled and replaced after a certain wear and tear, so as to prolong the service life of the blade clamp.
  • a ball head structure is provided at one end of the pressure head 201 close to the blade installation cavity, and a positioning hole 207 is provided on the pressure plate 200 corresponding to the ball head structure.
  • the blade holder set with the above structure can prevent the pressure plate 200 from being greatly offset and swayed during the clamping process by the ball head structure being matched with the positioning hole 207 .
  • a groove is provided on the pressure head 201, and the elastic member 202 is clamped in the groove.
  • the indenter 201 includes a piston rod 206, a ball seat mounted on the end of the piston rod 206, a groove is provided on the boundary point between the part of the ball seat connecting the piston rod 206 and the exposed part, elastic
  • the sleeve 202 is provided with a collar structure sleeved in the groove.
  • a washer 208 can be sleeved in the groove, so that when the ball seat is installed on the piston rod 206 , the elastic member 202 is pressed against the washer 208 .
  • one end of the elastic member 202 is fixed to one end of the pressing plate 200 by a screw 203 .
  • the horizontal and inclined directions of the lower end surface of the pressing plate 200 are mainly affected by the length of the elastic member 202, but if the length is too long, the strength of the elastic member 202 will be affected. Therefore, in some embodiments, the elastic member 202 is close to the pressing plate 200 by the screw 203 in the elastic member 202 in some embodiments.
  • the state of the lower end surface of the pressing plate 200 can be adjusted by setting the gasket 204 at one end of the shim, so that the length of the elastic member 202 does not need to be increased, which is beneficial to ensure the structural stability.
  • the adjustment of the lower end surface of the pressure plate 200 can also be achieved by other structures or methods.
  • the arrangement of the spring 209 exerts an elastic force on the elastic member 202 , which is beneficial to protect the elastic member 202 and prevent the elastic member 202 from being damaged.
  • the pressure plate 200 is provided with a plug 205 abutting against the screw 203 in the radial direction of the screw 203 . Tighten the screw 203 to prevent the screw 203 from coming out.
  • the elastic member 202 in the present invention can be set to any structure known in the prior art that has a certain rigidity, strength, and can undergo a certain elastic deformation, such as a leaf spring or the like. other structures.
  • the pressing plate 200 is provided with a positioning pin 210 at a position corresponding to the middle section of the elastic member 202 , the elastic member 202 is provided with a waist-shaped hole, and the positioning pin 210 passes through the waist-shaped hole.
  • the connection strength of the elastic member 202 can be strengthened by the arrangement of the positioning pins 210 , and the cooperating stability of the pressure plate 200 can be ensured at the same time, and the uncontrolled deflection of the pressure plate 200 can be avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

一种刀条夹具，其包括：安装座（100），设置有刀条安装腔；压头（201），绕所述刀条安装腔设置有若干个；压板（200），一端连接有能够发生弹性形变的弹性件（202），所述弹性件（202）的另一端连接所述压头（201）的中段位置，所述压板（200）通过所述弹性件（202）作用而保持中段位置或者远离所述弹性件（202）的一端抵接所述压头（201）。采用上述结构设置的刀条夹具，通过压头（201）控制压板（200）来压紧刀条，能够有效适配刀条的夹持，并且压板（200）压紧刀条的方式既可以有效增大接触面积提高夹持作用力，也可以避免对刀条局部施压造成损伤，保护刀条，压板（200）通过弹性件（202）连接而保持在压头（201）的端部，较固定设置的方式而言能够进行摆动调节，能够更好地适配刀条的夹持。

Description

一种刀条夹具 技术领域
本发明涉及一种夹持工装，特别涉及一种刀条夹具。
背景技术
随着我国重工业的发展，齿轮的应用范围、应用领域不断扩大，齿轮加工的效率、质量变得越来越重要。随着数控齿轮机床的发展，齿轮刀具性能的提高以及加工工艺的改善，使得数控成形铣齿、磨齿加工应用日益广泛。铣齿刀是用于铣齿加工的刀具，铣齿刀在生产过程中需要夹持在相应的机床上进行刀条加工成形，但由于刀条为四棱柱结构，传统的三爪卡盘结构无法有效进行夹持，因此研发一种能够有效进行刀条夹持的夹具成为行业内亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种刀条夹具，能够有效实现四棱柱结构的刀条夹持。
根据本发明实施例的刀条夹具，其包括：
安装座，所述安装座设置有刀条安装腔；
压头，绕所述刀条安装腔设置有若干个，所述压头靠近所述刀条安装腔的一端相对于另一端靠近所述刀条安装腔的开口端；
压板，所述压板的一端连接有能够发生弹性形变的弹性件，所述弹性件的另一端连接所述压头的中段位置，所述压板通过所述弹性件作用而保持中段位置或者远离所述弹性件的一端抵接所述压头。
根据本发明的实施例，至少具有如下技术效果：
采用上述结构设置的刀条夹具，通过压头控制压板来压紧刀条，能够有效适配刀条的夹持，并且压板压紧刀条的方式既可以有效增大接触面积提高夹持作用力，也可以避免对刀条局部施压造成损伤，保护刀条，压板通过弹性件连接而保持在压头的端部，较固定设置的方式而言能够进行摆动调节，能够更好地适配刀条的夹持。压头可以采用液压、气动等方式驱动进行锁紧，稳定可靠，同时其远离刀条安装腔的一端远离刀条安装腔的开口端，能够使得安装座能够在刀条安装腔的开口端端面上设置让位结构，为刀条的安装、刀条的加工预留出位置，确保刀条加工的顺利进 行。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述刀条安装腔设置有V形定位面，所述压头对应所述V形定位面设置有两组。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述刀条安装腔内设置有V形块，所述V形块的V形面上可拆卸设置有垫板，通过所述垫板的端面形成所述V形定位面。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述压头靠近所述刀条安装腔的一端设置有球头结构，所述压板对应所述球头结构设置有定位孔。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述压头上设置有凹槽，所述弹性件卡接于所述凹槽内。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述弹性件的一端通过螺钉固定于所述压板的一端，并且所述螺钉在所述弹性件靠近所述压板的一端设置有垫片。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述弹性件的一端通过螺钉固定于所述压板的一端，并且所述压板于所述螺钉的径向方向设置有抵接所述螺钉的堵头。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述弹性件的一端通过螺钉固定于所述压板的一端，并且所述螺钉在所述弹性件靠近所述压板的一端设置有弹簧。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述弹性件为板簧。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述压板对应所述弹性件的中段位置设置有定位销，所述定位销穿过所述弹性件。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本发明的一种整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明的第一种结构剖视图；
图3是本发明的第二种结构剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明 的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
参照图1～图3，本发明提出一种刀条夹具，其包括：
安装座100，安装座100设置有刀条安装腔；
压头201，绕刀条安装腔设置有若干个，压头201靠近刀条安装腔的一端相对于另一端靠近刀条安装腔的开口端；
压板200，压板200的一端连接有能够发生弹性形变的弹性件202，弹性件202的另一端连接压头201的中段位置，压板200通过弹性件202作用而保持中段位置或者远离弹性件202的一端抵接压头201。
由于刀条的主体部分呈四棱柱结构，因此在实际设置中，既可以设置四组压头201来分别夹持刀条的一个侧面，也可以在安装座100上设置适配的定位结构，而压头201的组数少于四组来进行设置。
参照图2和图3，压头201的轴线相对于竖直方向向左倾斜，压板200可以通过弹性件202作用来保持下端面水平、接近水平、向左倾斜或者向右倾斜。
采用上述结构设置的刀条夹具，通过压头201控制压板200来压紧刀条，能够有效适配刀条的夹持，并且压板200压紧刀条的方式既可以有效增大接触面积提高夹持作用力，也可以避免对刀条局部施压造成损伤，保护刀条，压板200通过弹性件202连接而保持在压头201的端部，较固定设置的方式而言能够进行摆动调节， 能够更好地适配刀条的夹持。压头201可以采用液压、气动等方式驱动进行锁紧，稳定可靠，同时其上端向左倾斜，使得安装座100能够在刀条安装腔的开口端端面上设置让位结构，为刀条的安装、刀条的加工预留出位置，确保刀条加工的顺利进行。
参照图1至图3，在本发明的一些实施例中，刀条安装腔设置有V形定位面，压头201对应V形定位面设置有两组。在实际设置中，每组压头201的数量可以根据需要灵活设定，在本实施例中，每组仅设置一个压头201。两个压头201设置在与V形定位面的两个端面相对的刀条安装腔的侧壁处，从而与V形定位面之间形成刀条夹持区域。在进行刀条装夹时，压头201处于收合状态，先将刀条放入刀条安装腔内并与V形定位面贴合，再控制压头201伸长至夹紧刀条。该V形定位面的设置既可以减少压头201的数量设置，也方便装夹定位，提高装卸效率。
参照图1，在本发明的一些实施例中，刀条安装腔内设置有V形块101，V形块101的V形面上可拆卸设置有垫板102，通过垫板102的端面形成V形定位面。该垫板102的设置可以用于根据不同尺寸规格的刀条进行拆卸更换，以便于装夹不同尺寸规格的刀条，也能够在发生一定磨损之后进行拆卸更换，延长刀条夹具的使用寿命。
参照图2和图3，在本发明的一些实施例中，压头201靠近刀条安装腔的一端设置有球头结构，压板200对应球头结构设置有定位孔207。采用上述结构设置的刀条夹具可以通过球头结构与定位孔207配合来防止压板200在夹持过程中发生较大的偏移、偏摆。
为了实现弹性件202的安装，在本发明的一些实施例中，压头201上设置有凹槽，弹性件202卡接于凹槽内。参照图2和图3，压头201包括活塞杆206、安装于活塞杆206端部的球头座，凹槽开设在球头座的连接活塞杆206的部分与外露部分的分界点上，弹性件202上设置套环结构套设在凹槽内。并且在实际安装时，可以在凹槽内套设垫圈208，使得球头座在安装于活塞杆206上的时候通过垫圈208压紧弹性件202。
在本发明的一些实施例中，弹性件202的一端通过螺钉203固定于压板200的一端。显然，压板200下端面的水平、倾斜方向主要受弹性件202的长度影响，但长度过长会影响弹性件202的强度，因此在部分实施例中，通过于螺钉203在弹性件202靠近压板200的一端设置垫片204的方式来调节压板200下端面的状态，这 样无需增大弹性件202的长度，有利于保证结构稳定性。
可以理解的是，在实际设置中也可以通过其他结构或方式来实现压板200下端面的调节，比如在一些实施例中，螺钉203在弹性件202靠近压板200的一端设置有弹簧209。弹簧209的设置较前述实施例中垫片204的设置而言，对弹性件202施加的为弹性作用力，有利于保护弹性件202，避免弹性件202受损。
为了提高螺钉203的稳定性，避免在长期工作过程中松动，在本发明的一些实施例中，压板200于螺钉203的径向方向设置有抵接螺钉203的堵头205，通过堵头205来锁紧螺钉203，避免螺钉203脱出。
可以理解的是，本发明中的弹性件202可以设置为现有技术中已知的任一种具备一定刚度、强度，且能够发生一定弹性形变的结构即可，比如板簧或者与之相似的其他结构。
在本发明的一些实施例中，压板200对应弹性件202的中段位置设置有定位销210，弹性件202上开设有腰型孔，定位销210穿过腰型孔。本实施例中的刀条夹具，通过定位销210的设置可以加强弹性件202的连接强度，同时保证压板200的配合稳定性，避免压板200发生非控偏摆。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种刀条夹具，其特征在于，包括：
    安装座，所述安装座设置有刀条安装腔；
    压头，绕所述刀条安装腔设置有若干个，所述压头靠近所述刀条安装腔的一端相对于另一端靠近所述刀条安装腔的开口端；
    压板，所述压板的一端连接有能够发生弹性形变的弹性件，所述弹性件的另一端连接所述压头的中段位置，所述压板通过所述弹性件作用而保持中段位置或者远离所述弹性件的一端抵接所述压头。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述刀条安装腔设置有V形定位面，所述压头对应所述V形定位面设置有两组。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述刀条安装腔内设置有V形块，所述V形块的V形面上可拆卸设置有垫板，通过所述垫板的端面形成所述V形定位面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述压头靠近所述刀条安装腔的一端设置有球头结构，所述压板对应所述球头结构设置有定位孔。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述压头上设置有凹槽，所述弹性件卡接于所述凹槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述弹性件的一端通过螺钉固定于所述压板的一端，并且所述螺钉在所述弹性件靠近所述压板的一端设置有垫片。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述弹性件的一端通过螺钉固定于所述压板的一端，并且所述压板于所述螺钉的径向方向设置有抵接所述螺钉的堵头。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述弹性件的一端通过螺钉固定于所述压板的一端，并且所述螺钉在所述弹性件靠近所述压板的一端设置有弹簧。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述弹性件为板簧。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的刀条夹具，其特征在于：所述压板对应所述弹性件的中段位置设置有定位销，所述定位销穿过所述弹性件。
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