WO2022018994A1 - 積層体およびフレキシブルデバイス作製方法 - Google Patents
積層体およびフレキシブルデバイス作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022018994A1 WO2022018994A1 PCT/JP2021/021947 JP2021021947W WO2022018994A1 WO 2022018994 A1 WO2022018994 A1 WO 2022018994A1 JP 2021021947 W JP2021021947 W JP 2021021947W WO 2022018994 A1 WO2022018994 A1 WO 2022018994A1
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Images
Classifications
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- B32B37/02—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by a sequence of laminating steps, e.g. by adding new layers at consecutive laminating stations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a laminate and a flexible device in which a highly heat-resistant film such as a polyimide resin is formed on an inorganic substrate.
- the laminate of the present invention is useful, for example, when manufacturing a flexible device in which an electronic element is formed on the surface of a flexible substrate and a flexible wiring board.
- FPD flat panel displays
- LCD liquid crystal displays
- PDP plasma display panels
- OLED organic EL displays
- electronic paper substrates mainly made of inorganic materials such as glass substrates have been used.
- An electronic element formed on a (inorganic substrate) is used.
- the inorganic substrate is rigid and lacks flexibility, there is a problem that it is difficult to be flexible.
- the inorganic substrate In an inorganic substrate on which a flexible substrate layer made of such a highly heat-resistant film is laminated, the inorganic substrate is used as a substrate for a carrier. Therefore, after forming an electronic element on the surface of the highly heat-resistant film, the highly heat-resistant film is finally applied. It needs to be separated from the inorganic substrate. Therefore, good peelability is required after forming the electronic device.
- Patent Document 1 a method of irradiating the interface of a highly heat-resistant film such as a polyimide resin in contact with a glass substrate with laser light
- Patent Document 2 a method of heating the interface of a polyimide film in contact with a glass substrate with Joule heat
- Patent Document 3 a method of inductive heating
- Patent Document 2 a method of irradiating flash light from a xenon lamp
- Patent Document 3 a method of irradiating flash light from a xenon lamp
- Patent Document 5 a method has been proposed in which an inorganic substrate and a highly heat-resistant film are adhered to each other with a relatively weak force using a silane coupling agent to facilitate peeling from the inorganic substrate.
- the surface of the inorganic substrate after peeling the high heat resistant film by the method disclosed in Patent Document 5 is smooth and easy to reuse.
- the method using the above-mentioned silane coupling agent if the elastic modulus of the high heat resistant film is low, the high heat resistant film is deformed and broken at the peeling interface when peeled from the inorganic substrate, and the inorganic after the high heat resistant film is peeled off. There was a problem that the surface of the substrate became rough and it was difficult to reuse it.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and after peeling the high heat resistant film from the laminate of the inorganic substrate and the high heat resistant film, the surface of the inorganic substrate is sufficiently smooth and the inorganic substrate can be reused.
- the purpose is to provide a laminated body.
- the present inventors have a high heat-resistant film laminated on the inorganic substrate having a specific elastic modulus, and the peel strength between the inorganic substrate and the heat-resistant resin film is a constant value. If the following, it was found that the above-mentioned problems could be solved, and the present invention was completed.
- a first laminate that does not substantially use an adhesive between the first highly heat-resistant film and an inorganic substrate, and has the following characteristics (1) to (4).
- the tensile elastic modulus of the first high heat resistant film is 4 GPa or more
- the adhesive strength between the first high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate is 0.3 N / cm or less
- the first high The surface roughness Ra of the surface of the heat-resistant film in contact with the inorganic substrate is 5 nm or less.
- the surface roughness Ra of the surface of the inorganic substrate after peeling the first high heat-resistant film from the first laminate is 3 nm or less.
- the laminate according to [1] which has the following characteristics (5).
- the nitrogen element component ratio of the surface of the inorganic substrate to be attached to the first high heat resistant film is 0.2 atomic% or more and 12 atomic% or less.
- the CTE of the first high heat resistant film is 50 ppm.
- the second method for producing a laminated body which has the following characteristics (6) to (9).
- the tensile elastic modulus of the second high heat resistant film is 4 GPa or more (7)
- the adhesive strength between the second high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate is 0.3 N / cm or less (8)
- the second high The surface roughness Ra of the surface of the heat-resistant film in contact with the inorganic substrate is 5 nm or less.
- the surface roughness Ra of the surface of the inorganic substrate after peeling the second high heat-resistant film from the second laminate is 3 nm or less.
- the nitrogen element component ratio of the surface of the inorganic substrate to be attached to the second high heat resistant film is 0.2 atomic% or more and 12 atomic% or less.
- the CTE of the second high heat resistant film is 50 ppm.
- (C) A method for manufacturing a flexible electronic device which comprises a step of forming an electronic element or wiring on the surface of a second high heat resistant film and then peeling off an inorganic substrate.
- the high heat resistant film can be easily peeled off from the inorganic substrate, and the surface of the inorganic substrate after the high heat resistant film is peeled off is sufficiently smooth, so that the inorganic substrate is repeatedly used. It is possible.
- the high heat resistant film is a general term for the first high heat resistant film and the second high heat resistant film unless otherwise specified.
- the first high heat resistant film and the second high heat resistant film may be films having the same composition or different compositions.
- a film having the same composition is preferable.
- the highly heat-resistant film has a single-layer or multi-layer structure (laminated structure), and is preferably having a multi-layer structure of two or more layers from the viewpoint of physical strength and easy peeling property from an inorganic substrate. ..
- the highly heat-resistant film has a multi-layer structure, the number of layers may be two or more, preferably three or more. Further, it is preferably 10 layers or less, and more preferably 5 layers or less.
- each layer having a multi-layer structure may be a film layer having the same composition or may be a film layer having a different composition.
- a film layer having the same composition is preferable. It is also preferable to have a symmetrical structure in the thickness direction.
- the high heat resistant film preferably has a melting point of 250 ° C. or higher, more preferably 300 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 400 ° C. or higher.
- the glass transition temperature is preferably 200 ° C. or higher, more preferably 320 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 380 ° C. or higher.
- the melting point and the glass transition temperature are determined by differential thermal analysis (DSC). When the melting point exceeds 500 ° C., it may be determined whether or not the melting point has been reached by visually observing the thermal deformation behavior when heated at the corresponding temperature.
- DSC differential thermal analysis
- Examples of the highly heat-resistant film include polyimide resins such as polyimide, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, and fluorinated polyimide (for example, aromatic polyimide resin and alicyclic polyimide resin); polyethylene, Copolymerized polyesters such as polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate (for example, total aromatic polyester, semi-aromatic polyester); copolymerized (meth) acrylate represented by polymethylmethacrylate; polycarbonate; Polyimide; Polysulphon; Polyethersulphon; Polyetherketone; Cellulose acetate; Cellite nitrate; Aromatic polyamide; Polyvinyl chloride; Polyphenol; Polyallylate; Polyacetal; Modified polyphenylene ether; Polyphenylene sulfide; Polyphenylene oxide; Polystyrene; Polybenzoxazole;
- polyimide resins such as polyimide, polyamideimi
- examples thereof include those reinforced with glass filler, glass fiber and the like.
- the polymer film is premised on being used in a process involving a heat treatment of 250 ° C. or higher, the polymer films exemplified are limited to those that can be actually applied.
- a film using a so-called super engineering plastic is preferable, and more specifically, an aromatic polyimide film, an alicyclic polyimide film, an aromatic amide film, an aromatic amide imide film, and an amide.
- examples thereof include imide film, aromatic benzoxazole film, aromatic benzothiazole film, aromatic benzoimidazole film, cyclic polyolefin, liquid crystal polymer and the like.
- a polyamide-imide film is prepared by applying a polyamide-imide solution obtained by reacting diisocyanates and tricarboxylics in a solvent to a support for producing a polyamide-imide film and drying the mixture, for example, in an amount of 1 to 50% by mass. It is obtained by treating a polyamide-imide film containing a solvent with a solvent of 1 to 50% by mass at a high temperature and drying it on a support for producing a polyamide-imide or in a state of being peeled off from the support. Be done.
- a polyamide film contains a polyamide solution obtained by reacting diamines and dicarboxylic acids in a solvent, applied to a support for producing a polyamide film, dried, and contained, for example, 1 to 50% by mass of a solvent. It is obtained by treating a polyamide film containing a solvent of 1 to 50% by mass at a high temperature and drying it on a support for producing a polyamide or in a state of being peeled off from the support.
- a polyimide-based resin film is a green film (hereinafter referred to as a green film) in which a polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) solution obtained by reacting diamines and tetracarboxylic acids in a solvent is applied to a support for producing a polyimide film and dried.
- a polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) solution obtained by reacting diamines and tetracarboxylic acids in a solvent is applied to a support for producing a polyimide film and dried.
- the green film is a polyamic acid film containing a solvent and having self-supporting properties.
- the solvent content of the green film is not particularly limited as long as it has self-supporting property, but is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, and further preferably 10% by mass or more. Yes, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 30% by mass or more. Further, it is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less, further preferably 60% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 50% by mass or less.
- the application of the polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) solution is, for example, application of a conventionally known solution such as spin coating, doctor blade, applicator, comma coater, screen printing method, slit coating, reverse coating, dip coating, curtain coating, and slit die coating. Means can be used as appropriate. Since the method of applying a polyamic acid solution to form a film has a wide range of material selections, it is easy to study in order to find a material preferable for easy peeling, but it is necessary to control the imidization reaction. On the other hand, a film-forming film that does not involve an imidization reaction has an advantage that it is easy to form a film, so it is necessary to use them properly.
- the polyimide film in the present invention is a polymer film having an imide bond in the main chain, preferably a polyimide film or a polyamide-imide film, and more preferably a polyimide film.
- a polyamide film is also preferable.
- a polyimide film is green by applying a polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) solution obtained by reacting diamines and tetracarboxylic acids in a solvent to a support for producing a polyimide film and drying it. It is obtained by subjecting a green film to a high-temperature heat treatment on a support for producing a polyimide film or in a state of being peeled off from the support to carry out a dehydration ring closure reaction.
- a polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) solution obtained by reacting diamines and tetracarboxylic acids in a solvent to a support for producing a polyimide film and drying it. It is obtained by subjecting a green film to a high-temperature heat treatment on a support for producing a polyimide film or in a state of being peeled off from the support to carry out a dehydration ring closure reaction.
- a polyimide solution obtained by a dehydration ring closure reaction between diamines and tetracarboxylic acids in a solvent is applied to a support for producing a polyimide film, dried, and contains, for example, 1 to 50% by mass of a solvent. It can also be obtained by treating a polyimide film containing a solvent of 1 to 50% by mass at a high temperature and drying it on a support for producing a polyimide film or in a state of being peeled off from the support.
- the diamines constituting the polyamic acid are not particularly limited, and aromatic diamines, aliphatic diamines, alicyclic diamines and the like usually used for polyimide synthesis can be used. From the viewpoint of heat resistance, aromatic diamines are preferable.
- the diamines may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the diamines are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include oxydianiline (bis (4-aminophenyl) ether, para-phenylenediamine (1,4-phenylenediamine)).
- tetracarboxylic acids constituting the polyamic acid examples include aromatic tetracarboxylic acids (including its acid anhydride), aliphatic tetracarboxylic acids (including its acid anhydride) and alicyclic tetracarboxylic acids usually used for polyimide synthesis. Acids (including its acid anhydride) can be used. When these are acid anhydrides, the number of anhydride structures in the molecule may be one or two, but those having two anhydride structures (dianhydride) are preferable. good. The tetracarboxylic acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the tetracarboxylic dian is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include pyrrolimetic dianhydride and 3,3', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride.
- a transparent high heat resistant film which is an example of the high heat resistant film in the present invention, will be described. Above all, the details of the transparent polyimide film will be described.
- the transparency of the transparent polyimide is preferably one having a total light transmittance of 75% or more. It is more preferably 80% or more, further preferably 85% or more, further preferably 87% or more, and particularly preferably 88% or more.
- the upper limit of the total light transmittance of the transparent high heat resistant film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 98% or less, more preferably 97% or less for use as a flexible electronic device.
- dianhydride having two acid anhydride structures is preferable, and in particular, 4,4'-(2,2-hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic acid dianhydride and 4,4'-oxydiphthal.
- Acid dianhydride is preferred.
- the aromatic tetracarboxylic acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the copolymerization amount of the aromatic tetracarboxylic acids is preferably, for example, 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, and further preferably 70% by mass, when heat resistance is important. The above is more preferably 80% by mass or more, particularly preferably 90% by mass or more, and 100% by mass may be used.
- alicyclic tetracarboxylic acids examples include 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid, and 1 , 2,4,5-Cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid, 3,3', 4,4'-bicyclohexyltetracarboxylic acid, bicyclo [2,2,1] heptane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid, Bicyclo [2,2,2] octane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid, bicyclo [2,2,2] octo-7-en-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid, tetrahydroanthracene -2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid, tetradecahydro-1,4: 5,8: 9,10-trimethanoanth
- dianhydride having two acid anhydride structures is preferable, and in particular, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and 1,2,3,4-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic are preferable.
- Acid dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride is preferred, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic Acid dianhydride is more preferred, and 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride is even more preferred. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the copolymerization amount of the alicyclic tetracarboxylic acids is preferably, for example, 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, and further preferably 70% by mass, when transparency is important. % Or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, particularly preferably 90% by mass or more, and 100% by mass may be used.
- tricarboxylic acids examples include aromatic tricarboxylic acids such as trimellitic acid, 1,2,5-naphthalene tricarboxylic acid, diphenyl ether-3,3', 4'-tricarboxylic acid, and diphenylsulfone-3,3', 4'-tricarboxylic acid.
- An acid or an alkylene such as a hydrogenated additive of the above aromatic tricarboxylic acid such as hexahydrotrimellitic acid, ethylene glycol bistrimerite, propylene glycol bistrimerite, 1,4-butanediol bistrimerite, polyethylene glycol bistrimerite.
- Glycolbitrimeritate and these monoanhydrides and esterified products can be mentioned.
- monoanhydride having one acid anhydride structure is preferable, and in particular, trimellitic acid anhydride and hexahydrotrimellitic acid anhydride are preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- dicarboxylic acids examples include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-oxydibenzenecarboxylic acid, and the above aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as 1,6-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid.
- Hydrogen additives oxalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, heptanedioic acid, octanedioic acid, azelaioic acid, sebacic acid, undecadioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, 2-methylsuccinic acid, and acid acidates thereof.
- an esterified product or the like can be mentioned.
- aromatic dicarboxylic acids and hydrogen additives thereof are preferable, and terephthalic acid, 1,6-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-oxydibenzenecarboxylic acid are particularly preferable.
- the dicarboxylic acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the diamines or isocyanates for obtaining a polyimide having high colorless transparency in the present invention are not particularly limited, and are aromatic diamines, aliphatic diamines, and fats usually used for polyimide synthesis, polyamide-imide synthesis, and polyamide synthesis. Cyclic diamines, aromatic diisocyanates, aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates and the like can be used. From the viewpoint of heat resistance, aromatic diamines are preferable, and from the viewpoint of transparency, alicyclic diamines are preferable. Further, when aromatic diamines having a benzoxazole structure are used, it is possible to exhibit high elastic modulus, low coefficient of thermal expansion, and low linear expansion coefficient as well as high heat resistance. Diamines and isocyanates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aromatic diamines examples include 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 1,4-bis [2- (4-aminophenyl) -2-propyl] benzene, and 1,4-bis. (4-Amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy) benzene, 2,2'-ditrifluoromethyl-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-aminophenoxy) biphenyl, 4,4'- Bis (3-aminophenoxy) biphenyl, bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] ketone, bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] sulfide, bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] sulfone , 2,2-bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane, 2,2-bis [4- (3-aminophenoxy) phenyl] -1,1,1,
- a part or all of the hydrogen atoms on the aromatic ring of the aromatic diamine may be substituted with a halogen atom, an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a cyano group, and further, the carbon number 1 may be substituted.
- a part or all of the hydrogen atom of the alkyl group or the alkoxyl group of ⁇ 3 may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- the aromatic diamine having the benzoxazole structure is not particularly limited, and for example, 5-amino-2- (p-aminophenyl) benzoxazole and 6-amino-2- (p-aminophenyl) benzo.
- aromatic diamines may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- alicyclic diamines examples include 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, 1,4-diamino-2-methylcyclohexane, 1,4-diamino-2-ethylcyclohexane, and 1,4-diamino-2-n-propyl.
- Cyclohexane 1,4-diamino-2-isopropylcyclohexane, 1,4-diamino-2-n-butylcyclohexane, 1,4-diamino-2-isobutylcyclohexane, 1,4-diamino-2-sec-butylcyclohexane, Examples thereof include 1,4-diamino-2-tert-butylcyclohexane and 4,4'-methylenebis (2,6-dimethylcyclohexylamine).
- 1,4-diaminocyclohexane and 1,4-diamino-2-methylcyclohexane are particularly preferable, and 1,4-diaminocyclohexane is more preferable.
- the alicyclic diamines may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- diisocyanates examples include diphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate, 3,2'-or 3,3'-or 4,2'-or 4,3'-or 5,2'-or 5,3'. -Or 6,2'-or 6,3'-dimethyldiphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate, 3,2'-or 3,3'-or 4,2'-or 4,3'-or 5,2 '-Or 5,3'-or 6,2'-or 6,3'-diethyldiphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate, 3,2'-or 3,3'-or 4,2'-or 4, 3'-or 5,2'-or 5,3'-or 6,2'-or 6,3'-dimethoxydiphenylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-3, 3'-diisocyanate, diphen
- Didimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanate, naphthalene-2,6-diisocyanate, 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, and 1,4-cyclohexanediisocyanate are preferable.
- the diisocyanates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the highly heat-resistant film of the present invention may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer (laminated) structure having two or more layers.
- the physical properties of the high heat resistant film tensile elastic modulus, melting point, glass transition temperature, yellowness index, total light transmittance, haze, CTE, etc.
- the tensile elastic modulus and surface roughness Ra of the high heat resistant film refer to the values of only the single layer in contact with the inorganic substrate, and other physical properties (melting point, glass transition temperature, etc.).
- Yellowness index, total light transmittance, haze, CTE, etc. refers to the value of the entire high heat resistant film. Therefore, the tensile elastic modulus and the surface roughness Ra of the layer not in contact with the inorganic substrate (all layers other than the layer in contact with the inorganic substrate) are not limited.
- the high heat resistant film is a transparent high heat resistant film
- its yellowness index (hereinafter, also referred to as “yellow index” or “YI”) is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 7 or less, still more preferably. It is 5 or less, and even more preferably 3 or less.
- the lower limit of the yellowness index of the transparent high heat resistant film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.2 or more, and further preferably 0. 3 or more.
- the light transmittance of the transparent high heat resistant film in the present invention at a wavelength of 400 nm is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 72% or more, further preferably 75% or more, still more preferably 80% or more.
- the upper limit of the light transmittance of the transparent high heat resistant film at a wavelength of 400 nm is not particularly limited, but is preferably 99% or less, more preferably 98% or less, still more preferably 97 for use as a flexible electronic device. % Or less.
- the haze of the transparent high heat resistant film in the present invention is preferably 1.0 or less, more preferably 0.8 or less, still more preferably 0.5 or less, and even more preferably 0.3 or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but industrially, there is no problem if it is 0.01 or more, and it may be 0.05 or more.
- the polyimide film showing the coefficient of linear expansion (CTE) of the present invention can also be realized by stretching in the film forming process of the polyimide film.
- a polyimide solution is applied to a support for producing a polyimide film, dried to form a polyimide film containing 1 to 50% by mass of a solvent, and further peeled off on or from the support for producing a polyimide film.
- 1.5 to 4.0 times in the MD direction and 1.4 to 3.0 times in the TD direction It can be realized by stretching to.
- thermoplastic polymer film is used as a support for producing a polyimide film, and the thermoplastic polymer film and the polyimide film are stretched at the same time, and then the stretched polyimide film is peeled off from the thermoplastic polymer film.
- the average coefficient of linear expansion (CTE) between 30 ° C and 250 ° C of the highly heat-resistant film is preferably 50 ppm / K or less. It is more preferably 45 ppm / K or less, still more preferably 40 ppm / K or less, still more preferably 30 ppm / K or less, and particularly preferably 20 ppm / K or less. Further, it is preferably -5 ppm / K or more, more preferably -3 ppm / K or more, and further preferably 1 ppm / K or more.
- the CTE is within the above range, the difference in the coefficient of linear expansion from that of a general support (inorganic substrate) can be kept small, and the high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate are peeled off or peeled off even when subjected to a heat application process. It is possible to avoid warping together with the support.
- CTE is a factor that represents reversible expansion and contraction with respect to temperature.
- the CTE of the high heat resistant film refers to the average value of the CTE in the flow direction (MD direction) and the CTE in the width direction (TD direction) of the high heat resistant film.
- the method for measuring CTE of the highly heat-resistant film is the method described in Examples.
- the CTE difference between the high heat-resistant film layer in contact with the inorganic substrate and the high heat-resistant film layer adjacent to the high heat-resistant film without contacting the inorganic substrate is preferably 40 ppm / K or less, more preferably 30 ppm. It is / K or less, and more preferably 15 ppm / K or less.
- the layer having the thickest film thickness is preferably within the above range. Further, it is preferable that the highly heat-resistant film has a symmetrical structure in the film thickness direction because warpage is unlikely to occur.
- the transparent high heat resistant film layer in contact with the inorganic substrate preferably contains a polyimide having the structure of the following formula 1 and / or the following formula 2.
- the total amount of the polyimides having the structures of the formulas 1 and 2 is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, still more preferably 90% by mass or more. Yes, it is particularly preferably 95% by mass or more, and may be 100% by mass.
- the thickness of the highly heat-resistant film in the present invention is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 8 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 15 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the highly heat-resistant film is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 150 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 90 ⁇ m or less for use as a flexible electronic device. If it is too thin, it will be difficult to produce and transport the film, and if it is too thick, it will be difficult to transport the film.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the high heat resistant film needs to be 4 GPa or more. It is preferably 5 GPa or more, and more preferably 6 GPa or more.
- the upper limit of the tensile elastic modulus is not particularly limited, but is about 15 GPa. When the tensile elastic modulus is 15 GPa or less, the highly heat-resistant film can be used as a flexible film.
- the tensile elastic modulus is 4 GPa or more, when the highly heat-resistant film is peeled from the inorganic substrate, the peelability from the inorganic substrate is good, the peeling can be performed smoothly, and the roughness of the surface of the inorganic substrate is suppressed. Can be done.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the single layer in contact with the inorganic substrate is 4 GPa.
- the evaluation of the physical properties of the single layer in contact with the inorganic substrate can be obtained by forming a single film layer having the same composition as the layer in contact with the inorganic substrate and measuring the tensile elastic modulus.
- the single-layer film forming method shall be based on any of the production examples described in the examples.
- the method for measuring the tensile elastic modulus of the highly heat-resistant film is as described in Examples.
- the thickness unevenness of the highly heat-resistant film is preferably 20% or less, more preferably 12% or less, still more preferably 7% or less, and particularly preferably 4% or less. When the thickness spot exceeds 20%, it tends to be difficult to apply to a narrow part.
- the high heat resistant film is preferably obtained in the form of being wound as a long high heat resistant film having a width of 300 mm or more and a length of 10 m or more at the time of its manufacture, and is a roll-shaped height wound around a winding core.
- the one in the form of a heat-resistant film is more preferable.
- a lubricant (particle) having a particle size of about 10 to 1000 nm is added / contained in the high heat resistant film in an amount of about 0.03 to 3% by mass. Therefore, it is preferable to impart fine irregularities to the surface of the highly heat-resistant film to ensure slipperiness.
- the transparent high heat resistant film has a laminated structure (multilayer structure) of two or more layers.
- a material (resin) having different physical characteristics as a two-layer film, it is possible to produce a film having various characteristics. Further, by laminating in a symmetrical structure in the thickness direction (for example, transparent high heat resistant film layer A / transparent high heat resistant film layer B / transparent high heat resistant film layer A), the balance of CTE of the entire film is improved and the warp is increased. It can be a film that is less likely to occur. Further, it is conceivable to make one of the layers a layer having absorption in the ultraviolet or infrared rays to give characteristics to the spectral characteristics, or to control the incident emission of light by layers having different refractive indexes.
- simultaneous coating with a T-die capable of simultaneously ejecting two layers, sequential coating in which one layer is applied and then the next layer is applied, and one layer is applied and then dried.
- a method of applying the next layer after advancing the process the method of applying the next layer after finishing the film formation of one layer, or the multi-layering by heat laminating by inserting a thermoplastic layer.
- the thickness of the first transparent high heat resistant film in contact with the inorganic substrate is preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more. By reducing the thickness of the first transparent high heat resistant film, the warp of the entire film is suppressed. Further, from the viewpoint of thinning the entire transparent high heat resistant film, it is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 8 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface roughness Ra of the surface of the highly heat-resistant film in contact with the inorganic substrate in the present invention needs to be 5 nm or less. It is preferably 4.5 nm or less, and more preferably 4 nm or less. By setting the surface roughness Ra to 5 nm or less, the contact area with the inorganic substrate having a smooth surface becomes large, and the bonding becomes good. Further, the peeling from the first laminated body and / or the second laminated body becomes easy, and the inorganic substrate can be reused.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but 0.01 nm or more is sufficient for use as a flexible electronic device, and 0.1 nm or more may be sufficient.
- the surface roughness Ra of the highly heat-resistant film needs to be a value before being laminated on the inorganic substrate, and is more preferably in the above range even after being peeled from the laminated body.
- the inorganic substrate may be a plate-shaped substrate that can be used as a substrate made of an inorganic substance.
- a glass plate, a ceramic plate, a semiconductor wafer, a metal or the like, and these glass plates and ceramic plates are used.
- the semiconductor wafer and the composite of the metal include those in which these are laminated, those in which they are dispersed, and those in which these fibers are contained.
- the glass plate examples include quartz glass, high silicate glass (96% silica), soda lime glass, lead glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, borosilicate glass (Pylex (registered trademark)), borosilicate glass (non-alkali), and the like. Includes borosilicate glass (microsheet), aluminosilicate glass and the like.
- the semiconductor wafer is not particularly limited, but is limited to silicon wafer, germanium, silicon-germanium, gallium-arsenic, aluminum-gallium-indium, nitrogen-phosphorus-arsenide-antimony, SiC, InP (indium phosphorus), InGaAs, GaInNAs, and the like. Wafers such as LT, LN, ZnO (zinc oxide), CdTe (cadmium telluride), and ZnSe (zinc selenide) can be mentioned. Among them, the wafer preferably used is a silicon wafer, and particularly preferably a mirror-polished silicon wafer having a size of 8 inches or more.
- the metal includes single element metals such as W, Mo, Pt, Fe, Ni, and Au, alloys such as inconel, monel, mnemonic, carbon copper, Fe—Ni-based invar alloy, and superinvar alloy. Further, a multilayer metal plate formed by adding another metal layer or a ceramic layer to these metals is also included. In this case, if the overall coefficient of linear expansion (CTE) with the additional layer is low, Cu, Al, or the like is also used for the main metal layer.
- the metal used as the additional metal layer is limited as long as it has properties such as strong adhesion to a high heat resistant film, no diffusion, and good chemical resistance and heat resistance.
- Cr, Ni, TiN, Mo-containing Cu and the like are preferable examples.
- the ceramic plates in the present invention include Al 2 O 3 , Mullite, ALN, SiC, crystallized glass, crystallized glass, cordierite, Spodumene, Pb-BSG + CaZrO 3 + Al 2 O 3 , Crystallized glass + Al 2 O 3, Crystallized Glass + Al 2 O 3, Crystallized Glass-. Includes base ceramics such as 2 O 3 , Pb-BSG + Al 2 O 3 , Glass-ceramic, and zero-dure materials.
- the inorganic substrate in the present invention can be used by sticking a high heat resistant film and peeling it off, and then sticking it to the high heat resistant film again.
- the components derived from the high heat resistant film remain on the substrate once the high heat resistant film is attached.
- the nitrogen element component ratio by ESCA is preferably 0.2 atomic% or more and 12 atomic% or less.
- the nitrogen element component ratio is preferably 0.5 atomic% or more, more preferably 0.8 atomic% or more, and further preferably 1 atomic% or more.
- the nitrogen element component ratio exceeds 12 atomic%, the amount of polyimide remaining on the inorganic substrate is large, and the surface of the inorganic substrate is roughened. May not be expressed. Therefore, the nitrogen element component ratio is preferably 11.5 atomic% or less, more preferably 11 atomic% or less, and further preferably 10 atomic% or less.
- the flat surface portion of the inorganic substrate needs to be sufficiently flat. Specifically, it is necessary that the Ra value of the surface roughness of the inorganic substrate after peeling off the highly heat-resistant film is 3 nm or less. It is preferably 2.5 nm or less, and more preferably 2.1 nm or less.
- the surface roughness Ra after peeling of the highly heat-resistant film is maintained and can be reused. That is, the first high heat resistant film can be peeled off from the first laminated body, and then the second high heat resistant film can be suitably laminated.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but 0.1 nm or more is sufficient for use as a flexible electronic device, and 0.5 nm or more may be sufficient. Further, it is preferable that the surface roughness of the laminate after peeling the second polymer film (flexible electronic device) from the second laminate is also within the above range. Within the above range, it can be reused further.
- the surface roughness of the inorganic substrate may be as long as at least a part of the portion where the high heat resistant film is laminated is within the above range, and it is more preferable that the entire surface where the high heat resistant film is laminated is within the above range.
- the thickness of the inorganic substrate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less, still more preferably 1.3 mm or less, from the viewpoint of handleability.
- the lower limit of the thickness is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.07 mm or more, more preferably 0.15 mm or more, still more preferably 0.3 mm or more. If it is too thin, it may be easily damaged and difficult to handle. If it is too thick, it may become heavy and difficult to handle.
- the laminate of the present invention is a laminate of the highly heat-resistant film and the inorganic substrate without substantially using an adhesive.
- the high heat resistant film has a laminated structure of two or more layers, it contains a high heat resistant film that comes into contact with the inorganic substrate and a high heat resistant film layer that does not come into contact with the inorganic substrate and is adjacent to the high heat resistant film layer.
- the laminated body is a general term for the first laminated body and the second laminated body.
- the first laminated body is a laminated body of the first high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate
- the second laminated body is the second high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate (from the first laminated body). It is a laminated body with the first high heat resistant film peeled off).
- the second laminate is (a) a step of peeling the first high heat resistant film from the first laminate to obtain an inorganic substrate, and (b) the first polymer film of the inorganic substrate is laminated. It can be obtained by laminating a second high heat resistant film on the surface of the film.
- the method of peeling the high heat resistant film from the laminate is not particularly limited, but the method of winding from the end with tweezers or the like, making a cut in the high heat resistant film, attaching an adhesive tape to one side of the cut portion, and then the tape.
- a method of winding from a portion, a method of vacuum-adsorbing one side of a notched portion of a highly heat-resistant film and then winding from that portion can be adopted.
- the cut portion of the highly heat-resistant film bends with a small curvature during peeling, stress will be applied to the device at that portion and the device may be destroyed. Therefore, peel it off with the curvature as large as possible. Is desirable. For example, it is desirable to wind it while winding it on a roll having a large curvature, or to use a machine having a structure in which the roll having a large curvature is located at the peeling portion.
- a method of making a cut in the high heat resistant film a method of cutting the high heat resistant film with a cutting tool such as a cutting tool, a method of cutting the high heat resistant film by relatively scanning a laser and a laminate, a water jet and the like.
- the shape of the laminate is not particularly limited and may be square or rectangular. It is preferably rectangular, and the length of the long side is preferably 300 mm or more, more preferably 500 mm or more, and further preferably 1000 mm or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but industrially, it is sufficient if it is 20000 mm or less, and it may be 10,000 mm or less.
- the adhesive layer does not substantially intervene between the inorganic substrate of the present invention and the highly heat-resistant film.
- the adhesive layer referred to in the present invention refers to a layer having a Si (silicon) component of less than 10% by mass (less than 10% by mass).
- substantially not used (not intervening) means that the thickness of the adhesive layer interposed between the inorganic substrate and the highly heat-resistant film is preferably 0.4 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or less. It is more preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 0 ⁇ m.
- the laminate it is preferable to have a layer of a silane coupling agent between the high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate.
- the silane coupling agent refers to a compound containing 10% by mass or more of a Si (silicon) component.
- the silane coupling agent preferably contains a large amount of silicon oxide component because the heat resistance is improved, and particularly preferably one having heat resistance at a temperature of about 400 ° C.
- the thickness of the silane coupling agent layer is preferably less than 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the range used as a flexible electronic device is preferably 100 nm or less (0.1 ⁇ m or less), more preferably 50 nm or less, and further preferably 10 nm. When normally produced, it is about 0.10 ⁇ m or less. Further, in a process in which it is desired to use as little silane coupling agent as possible, it can be used even at 5 nm or less. If it is 1 nm or less, the peel strength may decrease or some parts may not be attached, so that it is preferably 1 nm or more.
- the silane coupling agent in the present invention is not particularly limited, but one having an amino group or an epoxy group is preferable.
- Specific examples of the silane coupling agent include N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and N-2- (amino).
- the adhesive strength between the high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate needs to be 0.3 N / cm or less. As a result, after the device is formed on the high heat resistant film, the peeling between the high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate becomes very easy. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a device conjugate capable of mass production, and it becomes easy to manufacture a flexible electronic device.
- the adhesive strength is preferably 0.25 N / cm or less, more preferably 0.2 N / cm or less, still more preferably 0.15 N / cm or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 N / cm or less. Is. Further, it is preferably 0.01 N / cm or more.
- the adhesive strength is a value of a laminate after the high heat resistant film and the inorganic substrate are bonded together and then heat-treated at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes in an atmospheric atmosphere (initial adhesive strength). Further, it is preferable that the adhesive strength is within the above range even in the laminated body after the laminated body at the time of the initial adhesive strength measurement is further heat-treated at 300 ° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere (adhesive strength after heat treatment at 300 ° C.).
- the laminate of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following procedure. It is possible to obtain a laminate in which at least one surface of the inorganic substrate is treated with a silane coupling agent in advance, the surface treated with the silane coupling agent and the highly heat-resistant film are laminated, and both are laminated by pressure. Further, even if at least one surface of the highly heat-resistant film is treated with a silane coupling agent in advance, the surface treated with the silane coupling agent and the inorganic substrate are overlapped, and both are laminated by pressure, a laminated body can be obtained. ..
- Examples of the pressurizing method include normal pressing or laminating in the atmosphere or pressing or laminating in vacuum, but in order to obtain stable adhesive strength on the entire surface, a large-sized laminate (for example, for example). Laminating in the air is desirable for (more than 200 mm). On the other hand, if it is a laminated body having a small size of about 200 mm or less, pressing in vacuum is preferable. As for the degree of vacuum, a vacuum using a normal oil rotary pump is sufficient, and a vacuum of about 10 Torr or less is sufficient. The preferred pressure is 1 MPa to 20 MPa, more preferably 3 MPa to 10 MPa. If the pressure is high, the substrate may be damaged, and if the pressure is low, some parts may not adhere to each other. A high temperature of 90 ° C to 300 ° C, more preferably 100 ° C to 250 ° C may damage the film, and a low temperature may weaken the adhesion.
- a flexible electronic device can be easily manufactured by using existing equipment and processes for manufacturing electronic devices.
- a flexible electronic device can be manufactured by (c) forming an electronic element or wiring (electronic device) on the high heat-resistant film of the laminated body and peeling the high heat-resistant film together with the laminated body.
- the electronic device refers to a wiring board having a single-sided, double-sided, or multi-layer structure for electrical wiring, an electronic circuit including an active element such as a transistor and a diode, and a passive device such as a resistor, a capacitor, and an inductor, and others.
- Sensor elements that sense pressure, temperature, light, humidity, etc., biosensor elements, light emitting elements, liquid crystal displays, electrophoretic displays, self-luminous displays and other image display elements, wireless and wired communication elements, arithmetic elements, storage elements, MEMS element, solar cell, thin film, etc.
- a device is formed on a highly heat-resistant film of a laminate produced by the above-mentioned method, and then the highly heat-resistant film is peeled off from the inorganic substrate.
- the method of peeling the high heat resistant film with the device from the inorganic substrate is not particularly limited, but the method of winding from the end with tweezers or the like, making a cut in the high heat resistant film, and attaching an adhesive tape to one side of the cut portion. Later, a method of winding from the tape portion, a method of vacuum-adsorbing one side of the cut portion of the highly heat-resistant film and then winding from that portion can be adopted. If the cut portion of the highly heat-resistant film bends with a small curvature during peeling, stress will be applied to the device at that portion and the device may be destroyed. Therefore, peel it off with the curvature as large as possible.
- a method of making a cut in the high heat resistant film a method of cutting the high heat resistant film with a cutting tool such as a cutting tool, a method of cutting the high heat resistant film by relatively scanning a laser and a laminate, a water jet and the like.
- a method of cutting the high heat resistant film by relatively scanning the laminate a method of cutting the high heat resistant film while cutting a little to the glass layer by a dicing device of a semiconductor chip, etc., but the method is not particularly limited. No.
- F1 Upirex (registered trademark) 25S (polyimide film manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., thickness 25 ⁇ m)
- F2 Xenomax (registered trademark)
- F38LR2 polyimide film manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., thickness 38 ⁇ m
- F7 Kapton (registered trademark) 100 H / V (polyimide film manufactured by Toray DuPont Co., Ltd., thickness 25 ⁇ m) subjected to plasma treatment.
- F9 F2 subjected to plasma treatment.
- the polyimide film was subjected to vacuum plasma treatment.
- vacuum plasma processing use a device for long film processing, evacuate the inside of the vacuum chamber until it becomes 1 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa or less, introduce argon gas into the vacuum chamber, discharge power 100 W, frequency 15 kHz. Under the conditions, a plasma treatment of argon gas was performed for 20 seconds. By winding the film after the plasma treatment into a roll in the processing apparatus, the hygroscopic state of the film can be kept substantially the same as the hygroscopic state during the plasma treatment.
- the self-supporting polyamic acid film is peeled off from the support, passed through a pin tenter having a pin sheet on which the pins are arranged, and the film end is gripped by inserting it into the pins so that the film does not break and
- the pin sheet spacing was adjusted so as not to cause unnecessary slack, and the film was conveyed, and heated at 200 ° C. for 3 minutes, 250 ° C. for 3 minutes, and 300 ° C. for 6 minutes to proceed the imidization reaction.
- the film was cooled to room temperature in 2 minutes, and the portions of the film having poor flatness were cut off with a slitter and wound into a roll to obtain 500 m of a polyimide film F3 having a width of 450 mm.
- the polyimide solution 1 obtained in Production Example 1 was applied onto the dried product of the polyamic acid solution 1 so that the final film thickness was 25 ⁇ m. This was dried at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes. After drying, the self-supporting polyamic acid film is peeled off from the support, passed through a pin tenter having a pin sheet on which the pins are arranged, and the film end is gripped by inserting it into the pins so that the film does not break and The pin sheet spacing was adjusted so as not to cause unnecessary slack, and the film was conveyed, and heated at 200 ° C. for 3 minutes, 250 ° C. for 3 minutes, and 300 ° C.
- the film was cooled to room temperature in 2 minutes, and the portions of the film having poor flatness were cut off with a slitter and wound into a roll to obtain 500 m of a polyimide film F4 having a width of 450 mm.
- the polyimide film F5 was obtained by the same operation as in the production of the polyimide film F4 of Production Example 5, except that the polyamic acid solution 1 obtained in Production Example 2 was changed to the polyamic acid solution 2 obtained in Production Example 3.
- the polyamic acid solution 1 obtained in Production Example 2 was applied onto the dried product of the polyimide solution 1 so that the final film thickness was 20 ⁇ m. This was dried at 90 to 110 ° C. for 10 minutes. After drying, the self-supporting polyamic acid film is peeled off from the support, passed through a pin tenter having a pin sheet on which the pins are arranged, and the film end is gripped by inserting it into the pins so that the film does not break and The pin sheet spacing was adjusted so as not to cause unnecessary slack, and the film was conveyed, and heated at 200 ° C. for 3 minutes, 250 ° C.
- the film was cooled to room temperature in 2 minutes, and the portions of the film having poor flatness were cut off with a slitter and wound into a roll to obtain 500 m of a polyimide film F6 having a width of 450 mm.
- ⁇ Tension elastic modulus of high heat resistant film> The polyimide films F1 to F9 were cut into strips of 100 mm ⁇ 10 mm in the flow direction (MD direction) and the width direction (TD direction), respectively, and used as test pieces. Using a tensile tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, autograph model name AG-5000A), the tensile elastic modulus was measured in each of the MD direction and the TD direction under the conditions of a tensile speed of 50 mm / min and a chuck distance of 40 mm. The results are shown in Table 1.
- CTE coefficient of linear expansion
- Total light transmittance The total light transmittance (TT) of the film was measured using HAZEMETER (NDH5000, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd.). A D65 lamp was used as the light source. The same measurement was performed three times, and the arithmetic mean value was adopted.
- ⁇ Haze> The haze of the film was measured using HAZEMETER (NDH5000, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd.). A D65 lamp was used as the light source. The same measurement was performed three times, and the arithmetic mean value was adopted.
- Ra surface roughness of the film was evaluated using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The film was fixed on the observation stage, and the surface roughness in the area of 5 ⁇ m square was calculated. In the measurement, a total of 5 points were measured at the central portion and each of the four corners at the points in contact with the inorganic substrate, and Ra used the average value. The same applies to the Ra measurement points on the inorganic substrate.
- the value after ultrasonic cleaning with pure water was defined as Ra.
- BRANSON3200 was used for ultrasonic cleaning, and the cleaning time was 3 minutes.
- ⁇ Nitrogen element component ratio> The range of the inorganic substrate 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm before attaching the high heat resistant film and after ultrasonic cleaning with pure water was analyzed by ESCA, and the ratio of nitrogen elements present on the peeled surface of the inorganic substrate was evaluated.
- K-Alpha + manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
- the measurement conditions are as follows. At the time of analysis, the background was removed by the shillley method.
- the surface composition ratio was the average value of the measurement results of three or more points.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for applying a silane coupling agent to a glass substrate.
- Glass substrate 1 (0.7 mm thick OA11G glass (manufactured by NEG) cut to a size of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm was used.
- the glass substrate was washed with pure water and dried, and then a UV / O3 irradiator (SKR1102N manufactured by LAN Technical). The one that was dried and washed by irradiating with -03) for 1 minute was used.
- a polyimide film F1 (70 mm ⁇ 70 mm size) was laminated on the silane coupling agent layer to obtain a laminated body.
- a laminator manufactured by MCK was used for bonding, and the bonding conditions were compressed air pressure: 0.6 MPa, temperature: 22 ° C., humidity: 55% RH, and laminating speed: 50 mm / sec.
- This F1 / glass laminate was heated at 110 ° C. for 10 minutes, and 90 ° peel strength measurement between F1 and glass was carried out. Then, the glass was ultrasonically cleaned with pure water, and the silane coupling agent was applied again and F1 was attached again.
- the second F1 bonding surface is the same surface as the first F1 bonding surface.
- Example 2 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the highly heat-resistant film used was changed from film F1 to film F2.
- Example 3 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the high heat resistant film to be attached first was film F2 and the film to be attached second was F1.
- Example 4 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the highly heat-resistant film used was changed from film F1 to film F3.
- Example 5 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the highly heat-resistant film used was changed from film F1 to film F4. At this time, the surface to be bonded to the glass substrate is a polyimide surface made of the polyamic acid solution 1.
- Example 6 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the highly heat-resistant film used was changed from film F1 to film F5. At this time, the surface to be bonded to the glass substrate is a polyimide surface made of the polyamic acid solution 2.
- Example 7 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the highly heat-resistant film used was changed from film F1 to film F6.
- Example 1 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the highly heat-resistant film used was changed from film F1 to film F7.
- the surface roughness Ra of the film F7 is large, and the adhesive strength with the inorganic substrate is high.
- the surface roughness Ra of the inorganic substrate after peeling the film F7 was also large, and the inorganic substrate could not be reused.
- Example 2 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the highly heat-resistant film used was changed from film F1 to film F8.
- Example 3 A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the highly heat-resistant film used was changed from film F1 to film F9.
- the adhesive strength between the film F9 and the inorganic substrate is high. Further, the surface roughness Ra of the inorganic substrate after the film F9 was peeled off was also large, and the inorganic substrate could not be reused.
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Abstract
Description
そこで、シランカップリング剤を用いて比較的弱い力で無機基板と高耐熱フィルムを接着させ、無機基板からの剥離を容易にする方法が提案されている(特許文献5)。
[1] 第1の高耐熱フィルムと無機基板との接着剤を実質的に使わない第1の積層体であって、以下の(1)~(4)の特徴を有する第1の積層体。
(1)第1の高耐熱フィルムの引張弾性率が4GPa以上である
(2)第1の高耐熱フィルムと無機基板との接着強度が0.3N/cm以下である
(3)第1の高耐熱フィルムの無機基板と接する面の表面粗さRaが5nm以下である
(4)第1の積層体から第1の高耐熱フィルムを剥離した後の無機基板表面の表面粗さRaが3nm以下である
[2] さらに、以下の(5)の特徴を有する[1]に記載の積層体。
(5)前記無機基板の前記第1の高耐熱フィルムと貼り付ける面の窒素元素成分比が0.2原子%以上12原子%以下である
[3] 前記第1の高耐熱フィルムのCTEが50ppm/K以下である[1]または[2]に記載の第1の積層体。
[4] (a)[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の第1の積層体から第1の高耐熱フィルムを剥離して無機基板を得る工程、
(b)前記無機基板の前記第1の高耐熱フィルムが積層していた面に、第2の高耐熱フィルムを積層して第2の積層体を得る工程、
を有し、下記(6)~(9)の特徴を有する第2の積層体の製造方法。
(6)第2の高耐熱フィルムの引張弾性率が4GPa以上である
(7)第2の高耐熱フィルムと無機基板との接着強度が0.3N/cm以下である
(8)第2の高耐熱フィルムの無機基板と接する面の表面粗さRaが5nm以下である
(9)第2の積層体から第2の高耐熱フィルムを剥離した後の無機基板表面の表面粗さRaが3nm以下である
[5] さらに、以下の(10)の特徴を有する[4]に記載の第2の積層体の製造方法。
(10)前記無機基板の前記第2の高耐熱フィルムと貼り付ける面の窒素元素成分比が0.2原子%以上12原子%以下である
[6] 前記第2の高耐熱フィルムのCTEが50ppm/K以下である[4]または[5]に記載の第2の積層体の製造方法。
[7] [4]~[6]のいずれかに記載の第2の積層体を得た後、
(c)第2の高耐熱フィルム表面に電子素子または配線を形成し、次いで無機基板を剥離する工程
を有することを特徴とするフレキシブル電子デバイスの製造方法。
本発明において、高耐熱フィルムとは、特に断りがない限り、第1の高耐熱フィルムおよび第2の高耐熱フィルムの総称をいう。第1の高耐熱フィルムと第2の高耐熱フィルムとは、それぞれ同じ組成のフィルムであっても構わないし、異なる組成のフィルムであっても構わない。好ましくは同じ組成のフィルムである。また、高耐熱フィルムは単層または複層構造(積層構成)を有しており、物理的強度や無機基板との易剥離性から、2層以上の複層構造を有していることが好ましい。高耐熱フィルムが複層構造を有している場合の層の数は2層以上であれば良く、好ましくは3層以上である。また10層以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは5層以下である。また、複層構造を有している場合の各層は同じ組成のフィルム層であっても構わないし、異なる組成のフィルム層であっても構わない。好ましくは同じ組成のフィルム層である。また、厚み方向で対称構造を有していることも好ましい。
ただし、前記高分子フィルムは、250℃以上の熱処理を伴うプロセスに用いられることが前提であるため、例示された高分子フィルムの中から実際に適用できる物は限られる。前記高分子フィルムのなかでも好ましくは、所謂スーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックを用いたフィルムであり、より具体的には、芳香族ポリイミドフィルム、脂環族ポリイミドフィルム、芳香族アミドフィルム、芳香族アミドイミドフィルム、アミドイミドフィルム、芳香族ベンゾオキサゾールフィルム、芳香族ベンゾチアゾールフィルム、芳香族ベンゾイミダゾールフィルム、環状ポリオレフィン、液晶ポリマー、等が挙げられる。
以下に前記高分子フィルムの一例であるポリイミド系樹脂フィルム(ポリイミドフィルムと称する場合もある)についての詳細を説明する。一般にポリイミド系樹脂フィルムは、溶媒中でジアミン類とテトラカルボン酸類とを反応させて得られるポリアミド酸(ポリイミド前駆体)溶液を、ポリイミドフィルム作製用支持体に塗布、乾燥してグリーンフィルム(以下では「前駆体フィルム」または「ポリアミド酸フィルム」ともいう)とし、さらにポリイミドフィルム作製用支持体上で、あるいは該支持体から剥がした状態でグリーンフィルムを高温熱処理して脱水閉環反応を行わせることによって得られる。ここで、グリーンフィルムとは、溶媒を含有し、自己支持性を有するポリアミド酸のフィルムである。グリーンフィルムの溶媒含有量は、自己支持性を有していれば特に限定されないが、1質量%以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくは5質量%以上であり、さらに好ましくは10質量%以上であり、よりさらに好ましくは20質量%以上であり、特に好ましくは30質量%以上である。また、80質量%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは70質量%以下であり、さらに好ましくは60質量%以下であり、特に好ましくは50質量%以下である。
フィルムの厚さ斑(%)
=100×(最大フィルム厚-最小フィルム厚)÷平均フィルム厚
前記無機基板としては無機物からなる基板として用いることのできる板状のものであればよく、例えば、ガラス板、セラミック板、半導体ウエハ、金属等を主体としているもの、および、これらガラス板、セラミック板、半導体ウエハ、金属の複合体として、これらを積層したもの、これらが分散されているもの、これらの繊維が含有されているものなどが挙げられる。
前記無機基板の厚さは特に制限されないが、取り扱い性の観点より10mm以下の厚さが好ましく、3mm以下がより好ましく、1.3mm以下がさらに好ましい。厚さの下限については特に制限されないが、好ましくは0.07mm以上、より好ましくは0.15mm以上、さらに好ましくは0.3mm以上である。薄すぎると破損しやすくハンドリングが困難となることがある。また厚すぎると重くなりハンドリングが困難となることがある。
本発明の積層体は、前記高耐熱フィルムと前記無機基板とを接着剤を実質的に使わないで積層したものである。高耐熱フィルムが2層以上の積層構成を有する場合は、無機基板と接触する高耐熱フィルムと、前記無機基板には接触せずに前記高耐熱フィルム層と隣接する高耐熱フィルム層を含有するものであることが好ましい。なお、本発明において、積層体とは、第1の積層体および第2の積層体の総称をいう。第1の積層体とは前記第1の高耐熱フィルムと前記無機基板との積層体であり、第2の積層体とは前記第2の高耐熱フィルムと前記無機基板(第1の積層体から第1の高耐熱フィルムを剥離したものを含む)との積層体である。
積層体から高耐熱フィルムを剥離する方法としては、特に制限されないが、ピンセットなどで端から捲る方法、高耐熱フィルムに切り込みを入れ、切り込み部分の1辺に粘着テープを貼着させた後にそのテープ部分から捲る方法、高耐熱フィルムの切り込み部分の1辺を真空吸着した後にその部分から捲る方法等が採用できる。なお、剥離の際に、高耐熱フィルムの切り込み部分に曲率が小さい曲がりが生じると、その部分のデバイスに応力が加わることになりデバイスを破壊するおそれがあるため、極力曲率の大きな状態で剥がすことが望ましい。例えば、曲率の大きなロールに巻き取りながら捲るか、あるいは曲率の大きなロールが剥離部分に位置するような構成の機械を使って捲ることが望ましい。
前記高耐熱フィルムに切り込みを入れる方法としては、刃物などの切削具によって高耐熱フィルムを切断する方法や、レーザーと積層体を相対的にスキャンさせることにより高耐熱フィルムを切断する方法、ウォータージェットと積層体を相対的にスキャンさせることにより高耐熱フィルムを切断する方法、半導体チップのダイシング装置により若干ガラス層まで切り込みつつ高耐熱フィルムを切断する方法などがあるが、特に方法は限定されるものではない。例えば、上述した方法を採用するにあたり、切削具に超音波を重畳させたり、往復動作や上下動作などを付け加えて切削性能を向上させる等の手法を適宜採用することもできる。
また、剥離する部分に予め別の補強基材を貼りつけて、補強基材ごと剥離する方法も有用である。
本発明の無機基板と高耐熱フィルムの間には実質的に接着剤層が介在しない。ここで本発明でいう接着剤層とはSi(ケイ素)の成分を質量比で10%未満(10質量%未満)のものをさす。また、実質的に使用しない(介在しない)とは、無機基板と高耐熱フィルムの間に介在する接着剤層の厚さが、0.4μm以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.3μm以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.2μm以下であり、特に好ましくは0.1μm以下であり、最も好ましくは0μmである。
積層体において、高耐熱フィルムと無機基板との間にシランカップリング剤の層を有することが好ましい。本発明において、シランカップリング剤とは、Si(ケイ素)の成分を10質量%以上含有する化合物をいう。シランカップリング剤層を用いることで高耐熱フィルムと無機基板との中間層を薄くできるので加熱中の脱ガス成分が少なく、ウェットプロセスにおいても溶出しにくく、仮に溶出が起きても微量にとどまるという効果が出る。シランカップリング剤は、耐熱性が向上するため酸化ケイ素成分を多く含むもの好ましく、特に400℃程度の温度での耐熱性を有するものであることが好ましい。シランカップリング剤層の厚さは0.2μm未満であることが好ましい。フレキシブル電子デバイスとして使用する範囲としては、100nm以下(0.1μm以下)が好ましく、より望ましくは50nm以下であり、更に望ましくは10nmである。通常に作製すると、0.10μm以下程度となる。また、極力シランカップリング剤が少ないことを望むプロセスでは、5nm以下でも使用可能である。1nm以下では、剥離強度が低下或は、部分的に付かない部分が出るおそれがあるため、1nm以上であることが望ましい。
前記積層体を用いると、既存の電子デバイス製造用の設備、プロセスを用いてフレキシブル電子デバイスを容易に作製することができる。具体的には、(c)積層体の高耐熱フィルム上に電子素子または配線(電子デバイス)を形成し、積層体から高耐熱フィルムごと剥離することで、フレキシブル電子デバイスを作製することができる。
本明細書において電子デバイスとは、電気配線を担う片面、両面、あるいは多層構造を有する配線基板、トランジスタ、ダイオードなどの能動素子や、抵抗、キャパシタ、インダクタなどの受動デバイスを含む電子回路、他、圧力、温度、光、湿度などをセンシングするセンサー素子、バイオセンサー素子、発光素子、液晶表示、電気泳動表示、自発光表示などの画像表示素子、無線、有線による通信素子、演算素子、記憶素子、MEMS素子、太陽電池、薄膜トランジスタなどをいう。
デバイス付きの高耐熱フィルムを無機基板から剥離する方法としては、特に制限されないが、ピンセットなどで端から捲る方法、高耐熱フィルムに切り込みを入れ、切り込み部分の1辺に粘着テープを貼着させた後にそのテープ部分から捲る方法、高耐熱フィルムの切り込み部分の1辺を真空吸着した後にその部分から捲る方法等が採用できる。なお、剥離の際に、高耐熱フィルムの切り込み部分に曲率が小さい曲がりが生じると、その部分のデバイスに応力が加わることになりデバイスを破壊するおそれがあるため、極力曲率の大きな状態で剥がすことが望ましい。例えば、曲率の大きなロールに巻き取りながら捲るか、あるいは曲率の大きなロールが剥離部分に位置するような構成の機械を使って捲ることが望ましい。
前記高耐熱フィルムに切り込みを入れる方法としては、刃物などの切削具によって高耐熱フィルムを切断する方法や、レーザーと積層体を相対的にスキャンさせることにより高耐熱フィルムを切断する方法、ウォータージェットと積層体を相対的にスキャンさせることにより高耐熱フィルムを切断する方法、半導体チップのダイシング装置により若干ガラス層まで切り込みつつ高耐熱フィルムを切断する方法などがあるが、特に方法は限定されるものではない。例えば、上述した方法を採用するにあたり、切削具に超音波を重畳させたり、往復動作や上下動作などを付け加えて切削性能を向上させる等の手法を適宜採用することもできる。
また、剥離する部分に予め別の補強基材を貼りつけて、補強基材ごと剥離する方法も有用である。剥離するフレキシブル電子デバイスが、表示デバイスのバックプレーンである場合、あらかじめ表示デバイスのフロントプレーンを貼りつけて、無機基板上で一体化した後に両者を同時に剥がし、フレキシブルな表示デバイスを得ることも可能である。
F1:ユーピレックス(登録商標)25S(宇部興産株式会社製ポリイミドフィルム、厚さ25μm)
F2:ゼノマックス(登録商標)F38LR2(東洋紡株式会社製ポリイミドフィルム、厚さ38μm)
F7:カプトン(登録商標)100H/V(東レ・デュポン株式会社製ポリイミドフィルム、厚さ25μm)にプラズマ処理を施したもの。
F9:F2にプラズマ処理を施したもの。
ポリイミドフィルムにシランカップリング剤処理を行う前工程として、ポリイミドフィルムに真空プラズマ処理を行った。真空プラズマ処理は長尺フィルム処理用の装置を用い、真空チャンバー内を1×10-3Pa以下になるまで真空排気し、真空チャンバー内にアルゴンガスを導入して、放電電力100W、周波数15kHzの条件で20秒間、アルゴンガスのプラズマ処理を行った。プラズマ処理後のフィルムを処理装置内でロール状に巻き取ることにより、フィルムの吸湿状態をほぼプラズマ処理中の吸湿状態と同等に保つことができる。プラズマ処理後のフィルムから直ちに10cm四方程度のサンプルを切り出し吸湿率を測定した。結果、F2の吸湿率は0.21%、F9の吸湿率は0.28%であった。また、F7のプラズマ処理前後の吸湿率はそれぞれ0.20%および0.22%であった。
窒素導入管、ディーン・スターク管及び還流管、温度計、攪拌棒を備えた反応容器に、窒素ガスを導入しながら、19.86質量部の4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン(4,4’-DDS)、4.97質量部(の3,3’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン(3,3’-DDS)、80質量部のガンマブチロラクトン(GBL)を加えた。続いて31.02質量部の4,4’-オキシジフタル酸無二水物(ODPA)、24質量部のGBL、13質量部のトルエンを室温で加えた後、内温160℃まで昇温し、160℃で1時間加熱還流を行い、イミド化を行った。イミド化完了後、180℃まで昇温し、トルエンを抜き出しながら反応を続けた。12時間反応後、オイルバスを外して室温に戻し、固形分が20質量%濃度となるようにGBLを加え、還元粘度0.70dl/gのポリイミド溶液1を得た。
窒素導入管、還流管、攪拌棒を備えた反応容器内を窒素置換した後、22.73質量部の4,4’-ジアミノベンズアニリド(DABAN)、201.1質量部のN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)と滑剤としてコロイダルシリカをジメチルアセトアミドに分散してなる分散体(日産化学工業製「スノーテックス(登録商標)DMAC-ST-ZL」)とをシリカ(滑剤)がポリアミド酸溶液中のポリマー固形分総量にて0.4質量%)になるように加え完全に溶解させ、次いで、19.32質量部の1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸無二水物(CBDA)を固体のまま分割添加した後、室温で24時間攪拌した。その後、173.1質量部のDMAcを加え希釈し、固形分(NV)10質量%、還元粘度3.10dl/gのポリアミド酸溶液1を得た。
窒素導入管、還流管、攪拌棒を備えた反応容器内を窒素置換した後、32.02質量部の2,2’-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジジン(TFMB)、252.1質量部のN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)と滑剤としてコロイダルシリカをジメチルアセトアミドに分散してなる分散体(日産化学工業製「スノーテックス(登録商標)DMAC-ST-ZL」)とをシリカ(滑剤)がポリアミド酸溶液中のポリマー固形分総量にて0.4質量%)になるように加え完全に溶解させ、次いで、19.61質量部の1,2,3,4-シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸無二水物(CBDA)を固体のまま分割添加した後、室温で24時間攪拌した。その後、165.7質量部のDMAcを加え希釈し、固形分(NV)11質量%、還元粘度3.50dl/gのポリアミド酸溶液2を得た。
製造例2で得たポリアミド酸溶液1を、ポリエチレンテレフタレート製フィルムA4100(東洋紡株式会社製)の無滑材面上にコンマコーターを用いて最終膜厚が15μmとなるよう調整してコーティングした。ポリエチレンテレフタレート製フィルムA04100は、熱風炉内に通過して、巻き取られてゆき、この時に100℃にて10分間乾燥した。乾燥後に自己支持性を得たポリアミド酸フィルムを支持体から剥離し、ピンを配置したピンシートを有するピンテンターに通し、フィルム端部をピンに差し込むことにより把持し、フィルムが破断しないように、かつ不必要なたるみが生じないようにピンシート間隔を調整して搬送し、200℃で3分、250℃で3分、300℃で6分の条件で加熱し、イミド化反応を進行させた。その後、2分間で室温にまで冷却し、フィルムの両端の平面性が悪い部分をスリッターにて切り落とし、ロール状に巻き上げ、幅450mmのポリイミドフィルムF3を500m得た
製造例2で得たポリアミド酸溶液1を、ポリエチレンテレフタレート製フィルムA4100(東洋紡株式会社製)の無滑材面上にコンマコーターを用いて最終膜厚が0.3μmとなるよう調整してコーティングした。ポリエチレンテレフタレート製フィルムA04100は、熱風炉内に通過して、巻き取られてゆき、この時に100℃にて10分間乾燥した。これを巻き取ったのちにコンマコーター側にセットしなおして続いて製造例1で得たポリイミド溶液1をポリアミド酸溶液1の乾燥物上に最終膜厚が25μmとなるよう塗布した。これを100℃にて10分間乾燥した。乾燥後に自己支持性を得たポリアミド酸フィルムを支持体から剥離し、ピンを配置したピンシートを有するピンテンターに通し、フィルム端部をピンに差し込むことにより把持し、フィルムが破断しないように、かつ不必要なたるみが生じないようにピンシート間隔を調整して搬送し、200℃で3分、250℃で3分、300℃で6分の条件で加熱し、イミド化反応を進行させた。その後、2分間で室温にまで冷却し、フィルムの両端の平面性が悪い部分をスリッターにて切り落とし、ロール状に巻き上げ、幅450mmのポリイミドフィルムF4を500m得た。
製造例2で得たポリアミド酸溶液1を、製造例3で得たポリアミド酸溶液2に変更したこと以外は、製造例5のポリイミドフィルムF4作製時と同じ操作とし、ポリイミドフィルムF5を得た。
製造例2で得たポリアミド酸溶液1を、ポリエチレンテレフタレート製フィルムA04100(東洋紡株式会社製)の無滑材面上にコンマコーターを用いて最終膜厚が1μmとなるよう調整してコーティングした。これを90~110℃にて10分間乾燥した。これを巻き取ったのちにコンマコーター側にセットしなおして続いて製造例1で得たポリイミド溶液1をポリアミド酸溶液1の乾燥物上に最終膜厚が20μmとなるよう塗布した。これを90~110℃にて10分間乾燥した。これを巻き取ったのちにコンマコーター側にセットしなおして続いて製造例2で得たポリアミド酸溶液1をポリイミド溶液1の乾燥物上に最終膜厚が20μmとなるよう塗布した。これを90~110℃にて10分間乾燥した。乾燥後に自己支持性を得たポリアミド酸フィルムを支持体から剥離し、ピンを配置したピンシートを有するピンテンターに通し、フィルム端部をピンに差し込むことにより把持し、フィルムが破断しないように、かつ不必要なたるみが生じないようにピンシート間隔を調整して搬送し、200℃で3分、250℃で3分、300℃で6分の条件で加熱し、イミド化反応を進行させた。その後、2分間で室温にまで冷却し、フィルムの両端の平面性が悪い部分をスリッターにて切り落とし、ロール状に巻き上げ、幅450mmのポリイミドフィルムF6を500m得た。
製造例2で得たポリアミド酸溶液1を、製造例1で得たポリイミド溶液1に、最終厚さを25μmに変更したこと以外は、製造例4のポリイミドフィルムF3作製時と同じ操作とし、ポリイミドフィルムF8を得た。
ポリイミドフィルF1~F9の厚さを、マクロメーター(ファインリューフ社製、ミリトロン1245D)を用いて測定した。結果を表1に示す。
ポリイミドフィルムF1~F9を、流れ方向(MD方向)および幅方向(TD方向)にそれぞれ100mm×10mmの短冊状に切り出したものを試験片とした。引張試験機(島津製作所製、オートグラフ 機種名AG-5000A)を用い、引張速度50mm/分、チャック間距離40mmの条件で、MD方向、TD方向それぞれについて、引張弾性率を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
ポリイミドフィルムF1~F9を、流れ方向(MD方向)および幅方向(TD方向)において、下記条件にて伸縮率を測定し、30℃~45℃、45℃~60℃のように15℃の間隔での伸縮率/温度を測定し、この測定を300℃まで行い、全測定値の平均値をCTEとして算出した。結果を表1に示す。
機器名 ; MACサイエンス社製TMA4000S
試料長さ ; 20mm
試料幅 ; 2mm
昇温開始温度 ; 25℃
昇温終了温度 ; 300℃
昇温速度 ; 5℃/min
雰囲気 ; アルゴン
HAZEMETER(NDH5000、日本電色社製)を用いてフィルムの全光線透過率(TT)を測定した。光源としてはD65ランプを使用した。尚、同様の測定を3回行い、その算術平均値を採用した。
カラーメーター(ZE6000、日本電色社製)およびC2光源を使用して、ASTM D1925に準じてフィルムの三刺激値XYZ値を測定し、下記式により黄色度指数(YI)を算出した。尚、同様の測定を3回行い、その算術平均値を採用した。
YI=100×(1.28X-1.06Z)/Y
HAZEMETER(NDH5000、日本電色社製)を用いてフィルムのヘイズを測定した。光源としてはD65ランプを使用した。尚、同様の測定を3回行い、その算術平均値を採用した。
フィルムの表面粗さ(Ra)は原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)を用いて評価した。フィルムを観察ステージ上に固定し、5μm角のエリア内の面粗さを算出した。測定は無機基板と接する箇所において、中心部、各4隅の合計5点を測定し、Raはその平均値を用いた。また、無機基板のRa測定箇所についても同様とする。無機基板の測定については、純水による超音波洗浄後の値をRaとした。超音波洗浄にはBRANSON3200を使用し、洗浄時間は3分間とした。
高耐熱フィルム貼り付け前、純水による超音波洗浄後の無機基板50mm×50mmの範囲をESCAにて分析し、無機基板の剥離面に存在する窒素元素の割合を評価した。装置にはK-Alpha+ (Thermo Fisher Scientific社製)を用いた。測定条件は以下のとおりである。なお、解析の際、バックグラウンドの除去はshirley法にて行った。また、表面組成比は3箇所以上の測定結果の平均値とした。
・測定条件
励起X線:モノクロ化Al Kα線
X線出力:12kV、6mA
光電子脱出角度:90 °
スポットサイズ:400μmφ
パスエネルギー:50eV
ステップ:0.1eV
ガラス基板へのシランカップリング剤の塗布方法は、図1に示す装置を用いて行った。図1は、ガラス基板にシランカップリング剤を塗布する装置の模式図である。ガラス基板1(100mm×100mmサイズに切断した、厚さ0.7mmのOA11Gガラス(NEG社製)を使用した。なおガラス基板は、純水洗浄、乾燥後にUV/O3照射器(LANテクニカル製SKR1102N-03)で1分間照射してドライ洗浄したものを用いた。 容量1Lの薬液タンクの中に3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン(シランカップリング剤 信越化学KBM903)150gを入れて、この外側の湯煎を43℃と温めた。そして出てくる蒸気をクリーンドライエアとともにチャンバーに送った。ガス流量は25L/min、基板温度は24℃とした。クリーンドライエアの温度は23℃、湿度は1.2%RHであった。排気は負圧の排気口に接続したため、チャンバーは10Pa程度の負圧となっていることを差圧計によって確認している。
使用する高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF1からフィルムF2に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。
最初に貼り付ける高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF2、2回目に貼り付けるフィルムをF1としたこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。
使用する高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF1からフィルムF3に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。
使用する高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF1からフィルムF4に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。この時ガラス基板との貼り合わせ面はポリアミド酸溶液1からできたポリイミド面である。
使用する高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF1からフィルムF5に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。この時ガラス基板との貼り合わせ面はポリアミド酸溶液2からできたポリイミド面である。
使用する高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF1からフィルムF6に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。
使用する高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF1からフィルムF7に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。フィルムF7の表面粗さRaが大きく、無機基板との接着強度が高い。また、フィルムF7剥離後の無機基板の表面粗さRaも大きく、無機基板を再利用することができなかった。
使用する高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF1からフィルムF8に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。フィルムF8剥離後の無機基板の表面粗さRaが大きく、無機基板を再利用することができなかった。
使用する高耐熱フィルムをフィルムF1からフィルムF9に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同じようにして積層体を得た。フィルムF9と無機基板との接着強度が高い。また、フィルムF9剥離後の無機基板の表面粗さRaも大きく、無機基板を再利用することができなかった。
第1の高耐熱フィルムとしてフィルムF2、表面の窒素が14原子%の無機基板を使用した。無機基板のRaが大きく、F2の貼り付けは困難であった。
上記積層体の作製で得られた積層体を、大気雰囲気下、100℃10分間熱処理した。その後、ガラス基板とポリイミドフィルムとの間の90°剥離強度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
90°初期剥離強度の測定条件は、下記の通りである。
無機基板に対してフィルムを90°の角度で引き剥がす。
5回測定を行い、平均値を測定値とする。
測定装置 ; 島津製作所社製 オートグラフAG-IS
測定温度 ; 室温(25℃)
剥離速度 ; 100mm/min
雰囲気 ; 大気
測定サンプル幅 ; 2.5cm
2 ガス導入口
3 薬液タンク(シランカップリング剤槽)
4 温水槽(湯煎)
5 ヒーター
6 処理室(チャンバー)
7 基材
8 排気口
Claims (7)
- 第1の高耐熱フィルムと無機基板との接着剤を実質的に使わない第1の積層体であって、以下の(1)~(4)の特徴を有する第1の積層体。
(1)第1の高耐熱フィルムの引張弾性率が4GPa以上である
(2)第1の高耐熱フィルムと無機基板との接着強度が0.3N/cm以下である
(3)第1の高耐熱フィルムの無機基板と接する面の表面粗さRaが5nm以下である
(4)第1の積層体から第1の高耐熱フィルムを剥離した後の無機基板表面の表面粗さRaが3nm以下である - さらに、以下の(5)の特徴を有する請求項1に記載の積層体。
(5)前記無機基板の前記第1の高耐熱フィルムと貼り付ける面の窒素元素成分比が0.2原子%以上12原子%以下である - 前記第1の高耐熱フィルムのCTEが50ppm/K以下である請求項1または2に記載の第1の積層体。
- (a)請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の第1の積層体から第1の高耐熱フィルムを剥離して無機基板を得る工程、
(b)前記無機基板の前記第1の高耐熱フィルムが積層していた面に、第2の高耐熱フィルムを積層して第2の積層体を得る工程、
を有し、下記(6)~(9)の特徴を有する第2の積層体の製造方法。
(6)第2の高耐熱フィルムの引張弾性率が4GPa以上である
(7)第2の高耐熱フィルムと無機基板との接着強度が0.3N/cm以下である
(8)第2の高耐熱フィルムの無機基板と接する面の表面粗さRaが5nm以下である
(9)第2の積層体から第2の高耐熱フィルムを剥離した後の無機基板表面の表面粗さRaが3nm以下である - さらに、以下の(10)の特徴を有する請求項4に記載の第2の積層体の製造方法。
(10)前記無機基板の前記第2の高耐熱フィルムと貼り付ける面の窒素元素成分比が0.2原子%以上12原子%以下である - 前記第2の高耐熱フィルムのCTEが50ppm/K以下である請求項4または5に記載の第2の積層体の製造方法。
- 請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の第2の積層体を得た後、
(c)第2の高耐熱フィルム表面に電子素子または配線を形成し、次いで無機基板を剥離する工程
を有することを特徴とするフレキシブル電子デバイスの製造方法。
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