WO2021261961A1 - 장기칩의 동결보존 방법 - Google Patents
장기칩의 동결보존 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021261961A1 WO2021261961A1 PCT/KR2021/008025 KR2021008025W WO2021261961A1 WO 2021261961 A1 WO2021261961 A1 WO 2021261961A1 KR 2021008025 W KR2021008025 W KR 2021008025W WO 2021261961 A1 WO2021261961 A1 WO 2021261961A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0236—Mechanical aspects
- A01N1/0242—Apparatuses, i.e. devices used in the process of preservation of living parts, such as pumps, refrigeration devices or any other devices featuring moving parts and/or temperature controlling components
- A01N1/0247—Apparatuses, i.e. devices used in the process of preservation of living parts, such as pumps, refrigeration devices or any other devices featuring moving parts and/or temperature controlling components for perfusion, i.e. for circulating fluid through organs, blood vessels or other living parts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0205—Chemical aspects
- A01N1/021—Preservation or perfusion media, liquids, solids or gases used in the preservation of cells, tissue, organs or bodily fluids
- A01N1/0221—Freeze-process protecting agents, i.e. substances protecting cells from effects of the physical process, e.g. cryoprotectants, osmolarity regulators like oncotic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0205—Chemical aspects
- A01N1/0231—Chemically defined matrices, e.g. alginate gels, for immobilising, holding or storing cells, tissue or organs for preservation purposes; Chemically altering or fixing cells, tissue or organs, e.g. by cross-linking, for preservation purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0236—Mechanical aspects
- A01N1/0263—Non-refrigerated containers specially adapted for transporting or storing living parts whilst preserving, e.g. cool boxes, blood bags or "straws" for cryopreservation
- A01N1/0268—Carriers for immersion in cryogenic fluid, both for slow-freezing and vitrification, e.g. open or closed "straws" for embryos, oocytes or semen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0278—Physical preservation processes
- A01N1/0284—Temperature processes, i.e. using a designated change in temperature over time
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/08—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing artificial tissue or for ex-vivo cultivation of tissue
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
- C12M23/16—Microfluidic devices; Capillary tubes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cryopreservation and thawing method of an organ-on-a-chip having a three-dimensional tissue structure and function. Specifically, it relates to a method for cryopreserving and thawing an organ chip having a microchannel structure including cells and hydrogel, which can maintain the structure and function of a three-dimensional tissue before and after cryopreservation and thawing, so that the frozen organ chip The end user who purchased the product can use it easily after thawing.
- Organ-on-a-chip It is a technology that implements a desired function by culturing the cell tissue constituting a specific organ on a small chip, mimicking the shape and physiological characteristics of the organ. Using this, it is possible to study in detail the behavior of cell tissues of specific organs and the mechanisms of physicochemical reactions in the microenvironment, and it can be used as a model for drug toxicity and efficacy evaluation of new drug development.
- cryopreservation and thawing of organ chips with simple cells or two-dimensional structures currently known methods can be used.
- conventional cell freezing is performed after dispersing the cells in a cryopreservation solution by enzymatic treatment of the cells to make them in a suspended state, and freezing of suspended cell tissues such as organoids or spheroids is also performed in the same way.
- the cryopreservation solution contains a sufficiently large amount compared to the amount of cells, so that uniform transfer in terms of heat transfer can be achieved.
- an organ chip that implements the structure and function of a three-dimensional organ tissue uses a microfluid-based designed cell tissue to provide the structure and function of the cellular tissue present in the organ. Since this is simulated, it is difficult to apply the existing general cryopreservation method due to many technical considerations.
- the function preservation of the tissue is evaluated by the size of the tissue, the viability of the constituent cells, the protein expression of the constituent cells, etc.
- the function of the tissue formed in the three-dimensional organ chip is the cell-cell contact and bonding force, the tissue of the material permeability, polarization of specific cells, etc. are additionally evaluated.
- the tissue function of the 3D organ chip is a very important indicator for evaluating and predicting drug permeability, drug efficacy and toxicity in the human body, and maintains the structure and function of the tissue during freezing and thawing of the 3D organ chip. to do is most important.
- methods for cryopreservation and thawing of organ chips capable of maintaining the above structure and function are not currently known.
- the present inventors have completed the present invention by developing a method for maintaining the structure and function of the organ tissue before freezing even after cryopreservation and thawing of the three-dimensional organ tissue.
- Patent Document 0001 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0139048
- Non-Patent Document 0001 Han, Sung-Hoon, et al. "Long-term culture-induced phenotypic difference and efficient cryopreservation of small intestinal organoids by treatment timing of Rho kinase inhibitor.” World journal of gastroenterology 23.6 (2017): 964
- Non-patent document 0002 He, Andy, et al. "Cryopreservation of viable human tissues: Renewable resource for viable tissue, cell lines, and organoid development.” Biopreservation and biobanking 18.3 (2020): 222-227
- Non-Patent Document 0003 Clinton, James, and Penney McWilliams-Koeppen. "Initiation, expansion, and cryopreservation of human primary tissue-derived normal and diseased organoids in embedded three-dimensional culture.” Current protocols in cell biology 82.1 (2019): e66
- the present invention preserves the structure and function of a specific organ or tissue that it had before freezing after freezing and thawing after undergoing the process of cryopreserving the organ chip embodying the structure and function of a specific organ or tissue as it is in laboratories and research institutes It aims to make it easy for end users to use Organ-on-a-chip after thawing in pharmaceutical companies, etc.
- the purpose is to preserve the TEER (Transepithelial electrical resistance) value, which is a representative index for evaluating the cell-to-cell bonding force, the tissue material permeability, etc. in the tissue function of the three-dimensional organ chip, even after freezing and thawing.
- TEER Transepithelial electrical resistance
- the present invention provides an organ chip comprising a tissue part of an organ chip including a second channel of a microchannel structure including cells and hydrogel, and a barrier part of an organ chip including a first channel of a microchannel structure including cells.
- Organ comprising the steps of: perfusing a preservative solution containing a cryoprotectant (cryoptotectant) into the microchannel included in the barrier part of the organ chip, refrigerated storage of the organ chip, and cooling and freezing the organ chip
- a method for cryopreservation of chips is provided.
- the step of perfusing the preservative solution may include: flowing the preservative solution through the first channel for a predetermined time using a hydrostatic pressure difference in order to uniformly distribute the preservative solution in the microchannel; and replacing the preservative solution in the side channel using a pipette.
- the step of refrigerated storage of the organ chip includes the step of refrigerated storage for a certain period of time so that the preservative solution injected into the microchannel is uniformly diffused into the second channel, which is a three-dimensional hydrogel channel.
- the present invention also provides a method for thawing organ chips, comprising the step of thawing organ chips frozen according to the above method.
- the cryopreservation and thawing method of the present invention allows the three-dimensional tissue or organ stored frozen to maintain the structure and function before freezing even after thawing, so that the organ chip can be easily used in laboratories, research institutes, pharmaceutical companies, etc.
- the cryopreservation and thawing method of the present invention the structure and function of a tissue barrier or three-dimensional tissue barrier created by combining two-dimensional and three-dimensional tissues is maintained, and the cell viability and cell function of cells and tissue barrier cells are improved. More than 90% is maintained, and the expression of proteins such as receptor proteins necessary to maintain the function and structure of the tissue is maintained.
- cryopreservation and thawing method of the present invention maintains the structure and function of the tissue barrier prior to cryopreservation, thereby preserving the TEER value and permeability, and can be usefully used to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of new drugs.
- 1 and 2 are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a long-term chip including a first channel and a second channel.
- 3 and 4 are perspective views and cross-sectional views of a long-term chip including a first channel, a second channel, and a side channel.
- FIG 5 and 6 are perspective views and cross-sectional views of an organ chip including a first channel, a second channel, and a scaffold.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are perspective views and cross-sectional views of an organ chip including a first channel, a second channel, a side channel, and a scaffold.
- Figure 9 shows the TEER values according to the use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol (glycerol) and ethylene glycol (EG) as a cryoprotectant.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- glycerol glycerol
- EG ethylene glycol
- the present invention provides an organ chip comprising a tissue part of an organ chip including a second channel of a microchannel structure including cells and hydrogel, and a barrier part of an organ chip including a first channel of a microchannel structure including cells.
- Organ comprising the steps of: perfusing a preservative solution containing a cryoprotectant into the microchannel included in the barrier part of the organ chip, refrigerated storage of the organ chip, and cooling and freezing the organ chip A method for cryopreservation of chips is provided.
- organ-on-a-chip refers to culturing one or more cells constituting a specific organ and tissue on a small chip, thereby mimicking the morphology and physiological characteristics of the organ and tissue. It refers to a chip manufactured to implement a structure or function.
- cell refers to biological cells, including plant cells, animal cells (eg, mammalian cells), bacterial cells and fungal cells, and the like.
- hydrogel is a hydrophilic polymer crosslinked by cohesive forces such as covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, van der Waals bonds or physical bonds, and contains a large amount of water in an aqueous solution to swell three-dimensionally. It refers to a material having a polymer network structure.
- microchannel or “microchannel structure” refers to a channel having a microscopic size through which a fluid can flow, and a channel having a dimension of millimeters, micrometers, or nanometers. structure that contains
- cryopreservation solution refers to a liquid, including cryoprotective agents, and vehicle solutions that deliver cryopreservative agents to tissues and cells, and the like, which are frozen and thawed. It means to minimize damage to tissues and cells that accompany the process.
- cryoprotectant refers to an additive for minimizing damage to cells due to crystallization of water during freezing, and in the present application, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol, ethylene glycol etc., but are not limited thereto. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or glycerol is preferred, and DMSO is most preferred.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- the concentration of the cryoprotectant in the preservative may be preferably 3 v/v% or more, more preferably 5 v/v% or more, and most preferably 10 v/v%.
- the preservative may further include fetal bovine serum (FBS).
- FBS fetal bovine serum
- the "long-term chip barrier part” may further include a "side channel” of a microchannel structure positioned on the side of the "first channel” and the second channel.
- the "first channel” may comprise tissue barrier cells.
- the tissue barrier cells include vascular endothelial cells; skin cells; cancer cells; gland cells; muscle cells; and epithelial cells of the bronchus, large intestine, small intestine, pancreas or kidney.
- tissue barrier cell refers to a cell whose role is to maintain a specific structure of a tissue and to protect the tissue from external stimuli. In addition, it refers to a cell that selectively permeates a substance by using a strong binding force between cells of the tissue barrier or with the extracellular matrix, and the concentration of the substance in the tissue plays a role in maintaining homeostasis. Tissue barrier cells include epithelial tissue cells and vascular endothelial cells.
- the organ chip may further include a scaffold between the first channel and the second channel.
- the scaffold and the second channel may be in contact with each other or have an interval of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the term “scaffold” refers to an artificially created extracellular matrix (ECM) for tissue construction and control of cellular functions.
- the scaffold may include a major protein of the extracellular matrix based on the structure of a porous membrane, but is not limited thereto.
- the height of the microchannel structure may be 10 ⁇ m to 3 mm.
- the height of the microchannel structure may be 100 to 500 ⁇ m. More preferably, the height of the microchannel structure may be 200 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the microchannel structure may include an inlet and an outlet capable of inducing and controlling the perfusion of the liquid agent.
- the method for inducing and controlling the perfusion may include, but is not limited to, a method using a hydrostatic pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet, and a method of connecting an external pump to the inlet and the outlet.
- the preservative solution is applied to the first channel several times (for example, 1 to 5 minutes) for several minutes (for example, 1 to 5 minutes) using a hydrostatic pressure difference. , 2-3 times) flowing; and replacing the preservative solution in the side channel several times (eg, 2-3 times) using a pipette.
- the step of refrigerated storage of the organ chip includes the step of refrigerated storage for a certain period of time so that the preservative solution injected into the microchannel is uniformly diffused into the second channel, which is a three-dimensional hydrogel channel.
- the refrigeration storage time may be less than 30 minutes, preferably 10 to 20 minutes, and more preferably 15 minutes at 4 °C.
- the hydrogel may have a moisture content of 70% or more.
- the hydrogel may have a moisture content of 80% or more.
- the hydrogel may include one or more selected from the group consisting of collagen, laminin, hyaluronic acid, minerals, fibrin, fibronectin, elastin, peptides, polyethylene glycol, and alginate.
- the hydrogel may be collagen gel, fibrin gel, laminin gel, matrigel, animal-derived tumor basement membrane extract gel, tissue decellularization extracellular matrix gel, peptide gel, polyethylene glycol gel, or alginate gel, but is not limited thereto. .
- the expansion and contraction of the hydrogel before and after freezing may not exceed 20%.
- the expansion and contraction of the hydrogel before and after freezing may not exceed 10%.
- the second channel may contain internal tissue cells.
- the internal tissue cell is one or more from the group consisting of astrocytes, epithelial cells, nerve cells, neural stem cells, glial cells, cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells, intestinal epithelial cells, keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, leg cells and glomerular endothelial cells. may be selected, but is not limited thereto.
- internal tissue cells refers to cells constituting organs and tissues of the human body, and epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, nerve tissue, or connective tissue ( Connective tissue), but is not limited thereto, and includes all cells constituting human tissue.
- the second channel may further include a cell culture solution or a cell suspension.
- the cell culture solution or cell suspension may be included in a weight ratio of 0.1 to 1.
- the concentration of cells included in the second channel may be 10 5 to 10 7 cells/ml, and the number of cells included in the second channel may be 10 3 to 10 5 cells.
- the preservative solution may be perfused at a flow rate of 1 to 200 ⁇ l/min for at least 30 seconds, and in another embodiment, the preservative solution may be perfused at room temperature. Preferably, the preservative may be perfused at a temperature of 4 to 10 °C.
- the preservative may include one or more selected from the group consisting of growth factors, drugs, soluble factors including proteins and nucleic acids, insoluble factors, and nanomaterials.
- growth factor refers to a substance that promotes cellular activities such as growth, division, recovery and differentiation of cells, including cytokines, hormones, nucleic acids, etc. secreted by cells.
- a growth factor is a type of soluble factor, and it means that it spreads in the liquid phase by cell secretion, such as VEGF, EGF, FGF, insulin, and growth hormone.
- soluble factor refers to a factor that can be absorbed through a receptor into a cell.
- insoluble factor refers to a factor that is not absorbed into cells, such as extracellular matrix, extracellular matrix-derived peptide, and glycosaminoglycan, and stimulates the cell from the outside.
- nanomaterial refers to a material such as nanoparticles, liposomes, graphene, etc. having a size of about 100 nm or less made through artificial synthesis.
- the cooling of the organ chip may be performed at a rate of 0.5 to 5 °C/min until reaching -80 °C.
- the cooling of the organ chip may be made at a rate of 1 to 2 °C/min until it reaches -80 °C.
- the method may further include cooling the organ chips reaching -80 °C to -196 °C using liquid nitrogen.
- the present invention provides an organ chip comprising a tissue part of an organ chip including a second channel of a microchannel structure including cells and hydrogel, and a barrier part of an organ chip including a first channel of a microchannel structure including cells. Step, perfusion of a preservative solution containing a cryoprotectant (cryoptotectant) into the microchannel included in the barrier part of the organ chip, refrigerated storage of the organ chip, cooling and freezing the organ chip, and the frozen Provided is a method for freezing and thawing organ chips, comprising the step of thawing the organ chips.
- a cryoprotectant cryoptotectant
- thaw solution is added during the thawing process, and refers to a solution for minimizing damage to cells or tissues accompanying thawing.
- the thawing of the organ chip may be made at 35 to 40 °C.
- thawing of the organ chip may be performed at 37°C.
- the thawing solution may be perfused at 35 to 40° C. at a flow rate of 8 to 32 ⁇ l/min or a shear stress of 2 to 8 dyne/cm 2 for 30 seconds or more.
- the thawing solution is an animal cell medium; And it may include one or more selected from the group consisting of growth factors, drugs, soluble factors including proteins and nucleic acids, insoluble factors, and nanomaterials.
- the present invention provides a method for freezing and thawing organ chips, characterized in that the difference in transmittance of the organ chips before and after freezing and thawing is 20% or less.
- the present invention provides a method for freezing and thawing organ chips, characterized in that the TEER value of the organ chips is maintained at 80% or more, preferably 90% or more before and after freezing and thawing.
- the present invention provides a method for freezing and thawing an organ chip, characterized in that the expression of receptor protein and cell tight junction protein of the organ chip is maintained before and after freezing and thawing.
- microfluidic device millifluidic, microfluidic or nanofluidic device
- a microfluidic device provided so that a fluid can flow on a substrate made of various materials including plastic, glass, metal, or silicon including organic polymer materials. It means a chip including channels, etc.
- culture medium or “cell culture medium” refers to a solution having viable solution components and environments of cells. Components and concentrations are designed according to the properties of cells, and various commercially available cell cultures can be used as they are, or additional components can be added according to the properties of the target cells.
- the present invention may include a long-term chip embodied in the form of FIGS. 1 to 8, but is not limited thereto.
- the organ chip of the present invention includes the organ chip barrier part 100 and the organ chip tissue part 200 .
- the organ chip barrier unit 100 includes a first channel 110 having a microchannel structure including tissue barrier cells 111 .
- the organ chip tissue unit 200 includes a second channel 210 having a microchannel structure including internal tissue cells 211 and hydrogel.
- the organ chip barrier unit 100 includes a side channel 120 of a microchannel structure positioned on the side of the first channel 110 and the second channel 210 of the microchannel structure including the tissue barrier cells 111 . can do.
- the organ chip of the present invention may include a scaffold 112 between the first channel and the second channel.
- 10 ⁇ l of each of fibronectin was injected into the first and second channels of the organ chip of the present invention, and cultured in an incubator for 1 hour.
- Cell adhesion promoters of the first and second channels were removed, and 10 7 cells/ml of a pericyte solution was injected into the second channel.
- the culture solution of the second channel was removed.
- 10 7 cells/ml of a mixture of astrocytes and hydrogels in a 1:9 volume ratio was injected into the second channel, and then incubated in an incubator for 30 minutes.
- the first channel contains 10 7 cells/ml of human brain microvascular endothelial cells. , hBMEC) solution was injected. After culturing for 1 hour in the incubator, the culture medium of the first channel was replaced and cultured for one day. After replacing the culture medium of the first channel and the side channel, plugging the side channel, one side of the first channel inlet port is connected to a syringe pump and the other side is connected to the culture medium tank at 4 dynes/cm 2 for 24 hours. during perfusion culture.
- the culture solution in the well reservoir was removed from the organ chip of Example 2, and the first channel and the side channel were washed with the culture solution.
- the side channels were washed twice with cryopreservation solution (50% culture solution, 40% FBS, 10% DMSO) at 4 to 10 °C.
- the culture solution from both inlets of the first channel was removed, and 30 ⁇ l of the cryopreservation solution was put into the inlet, and the cryopreservation solution was flowed by a difference in hydrostatic pressure (takes 1 minute).
- the preservative solution in the opposite inlet was removed, and 30 ⁇ l of the cryopreservation solution was additionally added to the inlet, and the cryopreservation solution was flowed through the hydrostatic pressure difference (takes 1 minute).
- the chip was placed in a freezing container filled with isopropanol and stored refrigerated at 4° C. for 15 minutes, and then stored in a deep freezer (-80° C.).
- the organ chip of Example 3 was taken out of the deep freezer and thawed for 10 minutes by immersing the bottom in a constant temperature water bath (37 ° C) to contact, and then the culture medium in the side channel was replaced twice with a culture medium at 37 ° C.
- the preservative solution in both inlets of the first channel was removed, and 30 ⁇ l of the 37 °C culture solution was put into the inlet, and the culture solution was flowed with a difference in hydrostatic pressure (takes 1 minute).
- the culture solution from the opposite inlet was removed, and 30 ⁇ l of the 37 °C culture solution was additionally put into the inlet, and the culture solution flowed through the hydrostatic pressure difference (takes 1 minute).
- the well storage was filled with a culture medium at 37 °C and incubated for 24 hours or more.
- TEER transepithelial electrical resistance
- the TEER value corresponds to a representative indicator for evaluating the cell-cell bonding force and the material permeability of the tissue in the tissue function of the three-dimensional organ chip, and the cells can continue to grow even after cryopreservation and thawing, so culture for 24 hours after thawing In one case, if the TEER value is maintained or increased, it can be evaluated as a good cryoprotectant.
- the TEER value (ohm/cm 2 ) was calculated as follows, and the TEER value before freezing was compared with the TEER value after freezing (normalized).
- Example 2 Using the cryopreservation method of Example 2, an experiment was performed to confirm the effect of maintaining three-dimensional tissue function with various contents of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In addition, the effect of maintaining three-dimensional tissue function according to 4 °C refrigeration was additionally confirmed. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values were measured in the same manner as in Example 4, and the results are shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 .
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- the DMSO content is preferable when it is 3% or more, more preferably when it is 5% or more, and most preferably when it is 10%.
- the hydrogel after thawing was about 1.4% compared to that before freezing. It was confirmed that it expanded to a level. Therefore, it can be seen that the organ chip according to the cryopreservation and thawing method of the present invention maintains the tissue structure without deformation even after cryopreservation and thawing.
- FIG. 15 as a result of comparing protein expression before and after freezing according to the cryopreservation and thawing method of the organ chip of the present invention, GFAP and AQP4 expression of three-dimensional astrocytes, and nucleus expression of the three-dimensional astrocytes were frozen even after thawing. It was confirmed that it was maintained at the same level as before.
- the organ chip according to the cryopreservation and thawing method of the present invention maintains the number of cells and the structure and function of the tissue even after cryopreservation and thawing.
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Claims (25)
- 세포 및 하이드로젤을 포함하는 미세채널 구조의 제2 채널을 포함하는 장기칩 조직부, 및 세포를 포함하는 미세채널 구조의 제1 채널을 포함하는 장기칩 장벽부를 포함하는 장기칩을 제조하는 단계;상기 장기칩 장벽부에 포함된 미세채널에 동결보호제 (cryoptotectant)를 포함하는 보존액을 관류시키는 단계;상기 장기칩을 냉장 보관하는 단계; 및상기 장기칩을 냉각하여 동결시키는 단계를 포함하는 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 동결보호제는 디메틸설폭시드 (DMSO) 또는 글리세롤 (glycerol)인 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 동결보호제는 디메틸설폭시드 (DMSO)인 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 보존액에서 디메틸설폭시드 (DMSO)의 농도는 3 v/v% 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 보존액에서 디메틸설폭시드 (DMSO)의 농도는 5 v/v% 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 보존액에서 디메틸설폭시드 (DMSO)의 농도는 10 v/v%인 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 장기칩을 30분 미만으로 냉장 보관하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 장기칩을 10 내지 20분 동안 냉장 보관하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 장기칩을 4℃에서 15분 동안 냉장 보관하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 보존액은 우태혈청을 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 장기칩 장벽부는 제2 채널의 측면에 위치하는 미세채널 구조의 측면 채널을 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제1 채널은 조직 장벽 세포를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 조직 장벽 세포는 혈관내피세포; 피부세포; 암세포; 분비샘 세포; 근육 세포; 및 기관지, 대장, 소장, 췌장 또는 신장의 상피세포를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 장기칩은 제1 채널과 제2 채널 사이에 스캐폴드 (Scaffold)를 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 스캐폴드와 제2 채널은 서로 접촉한 형태 또는 10 μm 이하의 간격을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 스캐폴드는 다공성 막 (porous membrane)의 구조를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 하이드로젤은 콜라겐젤, 피브린젤, 라미닌젤, 동물 유래 종양 기저막 추출물젤, 조직 탈세포화 세포외 기질젤, 펩타이드젤, 폴리에틸렌글리콜젤 또는 알지네이트젤로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 동결 전후에 상기 하이드로젤의 팽창 및 수축이 20%를 초과하지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 동결 전후에 상기 하이드로젤의 팽창 및 수축이 10%를 초과하지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제2 채널은 내부 조직 세포를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 내부 조직 세포는 성상세포, 주피세포, 신경세포, 신경줄기세포, 아교세포, 심근세포, 평활근세포, 창자 상피세포, 각질형성 세포, 피부섬유아세포, 다리세포 및 사구체 내피세포로 구성된 군에서 하나 이상 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결보존 방법.
- 세포 및 하이드로젤을 포함하는 미세채널 구조의 제2 채널을 포함하는 장기칩 조직부, 및 세포를 포함하는 미세채널 구조의 제1 채널을 포함하는 장기칩 장벽부를 포함하는 장기칩을 제조하는 단계;상기 장기칩 장벽부에 포함된 미세채널에 동결보호제 (cryoptotectant)를 포함하는 보존액을 관류시키는 단계;상기 장기칩을 냉장 보관하는 단계;상기 장기칩을 냉각하여 동결하는 단계; 및상기 동결된 장기칩을 해동하는 단계를 포함하는 장기칩의 동결 및 해동 방법.
- 제22항에 있어서, 동결 및 해동 전후에 장기칩의 투과율 차이가 20% 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결 및 해동 방법.
- 제22항에 있어서, 동결 및 해동 전후에 장기칩의 TEER 값이 80% 이상 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결 및 해동 방법.
- 제22항에 있어서, 동결 및 해동 전후에 장기칩의 수용체 단백질 (receptor protein) 및 세포 밀착 연접 (cell tight junction) 단백질 발현이 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 장기칩의 동결 및 해동 방법.
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US18/012,904 US20230255195A1 (en) | 2020-06-26 | 2021-06-25 | Cryopreservation method for organ-on-a-chip |
JP2022569107A JP2023525357A (ja) | 2020-06-26 | 2021-06-25 | 臓器チップの凍結保存方法 |
CN202180045577.2A CN115916407A (zh) | 2020-06-26 | 2021-06-25 | 器官芯片的冷冻保存方法 |
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KR20220000847A (ko) | 2022-01-04 |
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