WO2021258895A1 - 一种直流接触器及车辆 - Google Patents

一种直流接触器及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021258895A1
WO2021258895A1 PCT/CN2021/093420 CN2021093420W WO2021258895A1 WO 2021258895 A1 WO2021258895 A1 WO 2021258895A1 CN 2021093420 W CN2021093420 W CN 2021093420W WO 2021258895 A1 WO2021258895 A1 WO 2021258895A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnet
contact
moving
arc extinguishing
bracket
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/093420
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
顾春鹏
董洪江
季燕
黄广明
陈太贤
赵福高
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to EP21829112.8A priority Critical patent/EP4145485A4/en
Publication of WO2021258895A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021258895A1/zh
Priority to US18/062,788 priority patent/US20230098632A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/04—Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case
    • H01H50/041—Details concerning assembly of relays
    • H01H50/045—Details particular to contactors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/56—Contact spring sets
    • H01H50/58—Driving arrangements structurally associated therewith; Mounting of driving arrangements on armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/60—Contact arrangements moving contact being rigidly combined with movable part of magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H2050/028—Means to improve the overall withstanding voltage, e.g. creepage distances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H01H50/38—Part of main magnetic circuit shaped to suppress arcing between the contacts of the relay
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of electric power technology, in particular to a DC contactor and a vehicle.
  • the contactor is an "automatic switch” that uses a smaller current to control a larger current. It plays the role of automatic adjustment, safety protection, and conversion circuit in the circuit.
  • the DC contactor is mainly used in the DC circuit.
  • DC power systems with DC contactors have been widely used.
  • high-voltage DC The contactor becomes an important power distribution control device in this loop.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a DC contactor and a vehicle, which solves the problem of installing a DC contactor on each of the positive and negative lines in the existing DC fast charging circuit, resulting in a large charging device and high manufacturing cost.
  • the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a DC contactor, which includes a housing and two sets of contact assemblies arranged in the housing, and each set of the contact assemblies includes two connected moving contacts and a contact assembly. Two static contacts opposite to the movable contact, the static contacts extend outside the housing;
  • An arc extinguishing cavity is provided in the housing, a first baffle is arranged in the arc extinguishing cavity, and the first baffle divides the arc extinguishing chamber into a first arc extinguishing chamber and a second arc extinguishing chamber
  • the two sets of contact assemblies are respectively arranged in the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber; in this way, the two sets of contact assemblies are integrated into an arc extinguishing chamber, and one set of contact assemblies is controlled by
  • the on-off of the movable contact and the static contact in the point component can control the on-off of the positive circuit, and the on-off of the movable contact and the static contact in the other set of contact components can control the on-off of the negative circuit.
  • a DC contactor can meet the on-off requirements of the positive and negative two-pole lines. There is no need to install a DC contactor on the positive line and the negative pole of the charging device, which simplifies the structural design of the charging device and significantly reduces the size of the charging device. Volume, while reducing the cost of the charging device.
  • It also includes a driving system connected with the moving contacts of the two sets of the contact assemblies, and the driving system is used to drive the moving contacts to move toward or away from the stationary contacts, In order to make the moving contact and the static contact open or close.
  • a single drive system is used to drive the moving contacts of the two sets of contact assemblies to realize the on and off of the positive and negative lines.
  • the single drive mode can simplify the structure design of the contactor, reduce the size of the contactor, and then reduce the volume of the charging device .
  • driving the two sets of contact assemblies simultaneously through a driving system can improve the on-off synchronization of the two sets of contact assemblies and improve the reliability of the charging device.
  • a first magnet and a second magnet are respectively provided on both sides of the first arc extinguishing chamber adjacent to the two moving contacts, and the first magnet and The second magnet attracts each other and forms a first magnetic field, and the first magnet and the second magnet are opposite to the gap between the moving contact and the static contact;
  • a third magnet and a fourth magnet are respectively arranged on both sides of the second arc extinguishing chamber adjacent to the two moving contacts, and the third magnet and the fourth magnet attract and form a second magnetic field, And the third magnet and the fourth magnet are opposite to the gap between the moving contact and the static contact;
  • the magnetic field directions of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field are perpendicular to the direction of current flowing through the stationary contact and the moving contact, and the magnetic field direction of the first magnetic field and the magnetic field of the second magnetic field The direction is opposite.
  • the arc between the two movable contacts and the two static contacts in the first arc extinguishing chamber will be blown into the first arc extinguishing chamber under the action of the magnetic force of the first magnetic field, elongate the arc and extinguish the arc in the first arc
  • the arc between the two moving contacts and the two static contacts in the second arc extinguishing chamber is blown to the second arc extinguishing chamber under the action of the magnetic force of the second magnetic field, which elongates and extinguishes the arc.
  • the direction of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field are perpendicular to the direction of the current between the static contact and the moving contact, which can realize the forward and reverse disconnection of two arcs. There is no polarity requirement, and the non-polarity of the two sets of contact components can be realized. Extinguish the arc.
  • the directions of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field are opposite. Under the action of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, the blowing direction of the movable contact and the static contact in the first arc extinguishing chamber can be the same as that in the second arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the arc blowing direction of the adjacent movable contact and the static contact is the same, so that the two arcs generated by the first contact assembly and the second contact assembly have no relative movement during forward and reverse breaking, reducing the arc
  • the risk of collision, accumulation and short circuit effectively improves the breaking performance.
  • a mounting bracket is further included.
  • the mounting bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket that are arranged opposite to each other, and the first bracket and the second bracket are surrounded by the On the outer circumference of the housing, the first magnet and the second magnet are arranged on the inner side wall of the first bracket, and the third magnet and the fourth magnet are arranged on the inner side wall of the second bracket superior.
  • the first magnet and the second magnet are arranged outside the first arc extinguishing chamber through the first bracket, and the third magnet and the fourth magnet are arranged outside the second arc extinguishing chamber through the second bracket.
  • the first bracket and the second bracket are U-shaped brackets
  • the U-shaped bracket has a first clip on its side wall
  • the U-shaped bracket has an opening.
  • the end has a second clip that protrudes toward the opening, and at least one of the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet passes through the first clip and
  • the second clamping member is arranged on the U-shaped bracket. In this way, the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet and the fourth magnet are arranged on the first bracket and the second bracket in a clamping manner, which can facilitate assembly, disassembly and replacement.
  • the first aspect further includes a housing, the mounting bracket is located in the housing, and the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet At least one of the side edges or corners has a gap, and the inner side wall of the housing has a first protrusion corresponding to the gap.
  • the first bracket and the arrangement of the first magnet and the second magnet are provided.
  • the second bracket with the third magnet and the fourth magnet cannot be assembled into the housing, which can effectively avoid the problems of reverse installation or misalignment of the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet and the fourth magnet, and improve the accuracy of assembly And assembly efficiency.
  • the first clip is adjacent to the movable contact, and the inner wall of one end of the housing adjacent to the static contact has a second protrusion, so The side wall of at least one of the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet abuts against the side wall of the second protrusion.
  • the first clip is located on the outer side wall of the end of the U-shaped bracket close to the moving contact.
  • the magnet is close to the static
  • One side of the contact is not limited, and there is a risk of slipping.
  • the second protrusion can further limit the position of the magnet, avoiding the magnet from falling off the U-shaped bracket, and improving the stability of the magnet installation.
  • the first bracket and the second bracket are magnetically permeable plates with magnetic permeability.
  • the first bracket and the second bracket are arranged on the outer periphery of the shell, so that the first bracket and the second bracket are magnetic conductive plates, which can shield the external magnetic field, so as to improve the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the indoor arc extinguishing performance improves the breaking performance of the DC contactor.
  • the first magnet, the second magnet, the third magnet, and the fourth magnet are permanent magnets. In this way, it has strong magnetism and is not easy to demagnetize, can ensure the magnetic field force of the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field, thereby ensuring the arc blowing and arc extinguishing effect, and has a long service life, which helps to improve the reliability of the DC contactor .
  • the first aspect further includes a bottom plate, the housing is disposed on the bottom plate, and the housing and the bottom plate enclose the arc extinguishing cavity.
  • the bottom plate and the shell can enclose a sealed arc extinguishing cavity, and the bottom plate can also be a magnetic conductive plate with magnetic permeability, which can achieve the purpose of shielding the external magnetic field.
  • the housing and the bottom plate are connected by a connecting piece.
  • the connection through the connecting piece can reduce the occurrence of problems such as deformation and splitting of the shell and the bottom plate under high temperature conditions, and improve the reliability of the DC contactor.
  • the first baffle has a third protrusion on the side wall facing the first arc extinguishing chamber, and the first baffle faces the second
  • the side wall of the arc extinguishing chamber has a fourth protrusion.
  • the third protrusion can increase the length of the side wall of the first baffle facing the first arc extinguishing chamber, which also increases the first movable contact and the first static contact, as well as the second movable contact and the second static contact.
  • the creepage distance between the heads helps to extinguish the arc in time, saves the space required for arc extinguishing, further improves the breaking performance of the DC contactor, and helps to reduce the volume of the DC contactor.
  • the fourth protrusion can increase the length of the side wall of the first blocking member facing the second arc extinguishing chamber, and increase the distance between the third moving contact and the third static contact and the fourth moving contact and the fourth static contact. The creepage distance helps to extinguish the arc in time, save the space required for arc extinguishing, and further improve the breaking performance of the DC contactor.
  • a fifth protrusion is provided on a side wall of the first arc extinguishing chamber opposite to the first baffle, and the second arc extinguishing chamber is connected to the There is a sixth protrusion on the side wall opposite to the first barrier.
  • the fifth protrusion can increase the length of the side wall of the first arc extinguishing chamber opposite to the first barrier, and increase the first movable contact, the first static contact, and the second movable contact and the second static contact The creepage distance between them helps to extinguish the arc in time, saves the space required for arc extinguishing, and further improves the breaking performance of the DC contactor.
  • the sixth protrusion can increase the length of the side wall of the second arc extinguishing chamber opposite to the first barrier, and increase the third movable contact, the third static contact, and the fourth movable contact and the fourth static contact.
  • the creepage distance between the heads helps to extinguish the arc in time, saves the space required for arc extinguishing, and further improves the breaking performance of the DC contactor.
  • the drive system includes a drive assembly and a moving assembly
  • the moving assembly includes a support rod and a moving plate connected to the support rod, and the moving plate is located on the drive assembly.
  • the moving assembly Inside the arc cavity, and the movable contacts of the two groups of the contact assemblies are arranged on the movable plate;
  • the driving assembly is used to drive the moving assembly to move to drive the moving contact to move, and when the moving contact is disconnected from the static contact, the first blocking member and the moving plate There is a gap between.
  • the moving plate is a plate-like structure with a certain area. Compared with the existing moving contact set on the connecting rod, the moving plate can provide higher strength, have higher mechanical strength, and help improve the DC contactor. Reliability.
  • the gap between the first barrier and the moving plate provides a moving space for the moving plate to ensure that the moving plate can move to drive the moving contact to move.
  • the movable plate has a second barrier, the second barrier is located outside the gap, and the second barrier faces the first barrier.
  • a barrier extends, and the second barrier at least partially overlaps the first barrier.
  • the end of the second barrier that faces the first barrier partially overlaps with the end of the first barrier that faces the second barrier, so that the second barrier can cover the gap, which further improves the first barrier.
  • the airtightness between the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber reduces the probability that the arcs in the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second arc extinguishing chamber will be interlinked, and improves the breaking performance of the DC contactor.
  • the movable plate is provided with a groove, the side wall of the groove forms the second barrier, and the first barrier extends into the ⁇ In the groove.
  • the groove has two side walls and a bottom wall that connects the two side walls.
  • the two side walls of the groove serve as two second partitions, and together with the first partitions, the first arc extinguishing chamber and the second
  • the separation and isolation of the two arc extinguishing chambers, and the setting of the grooves can also increase the creepage distance between the first contact assembly and the second contact assembly, help to extinguish the arc in time, and improve the breaking performance of the DC contactor .
  • the second spacers are respectively provided at positions opposite to the two movable contacts on the movable plate.
  • An arc will be generated at the position where the moving contact and the static contact are opposite, and the effect of the arc is small at the position where the two moving contacts are connected, and it can be separated only at the position opposite to the two moving contacts on the moving plate.
  • the second baffle is provided, and the second baffle may not be provided at the position opposite to the connection of the movable contact, which can simplify the structure of the mobile assembly and reduce the cost at the same time.
  • the drive system further includes a drive chamber, the drive assembly is located in the drive chamber, one end of the support rod is located in the drive chamber, and the other end of the support rod Extend into the arc extinguishing cavity.
  • the contact assembly further includes a movable contact bridge and an elastic member, the two movable contacts are connected by the movable contact bridge, and the elastic member is located at the movable contact bridge.
  • the contact assembly further includes a U-shaped fixed bracket, the movable contact bridge and the elastic member are located in the fixed bracket, and the open end of the fixed bracket Set on the mobile board.
  • the movable contact bridge and the elastic member are arranged on the movable plate through the fixed bracket, and the movable contact and the movable contact bridge do not need to be provided with shaft holes, which avoids the influence on the conductive area of the contact assembly and ensures the conductive performance of the contact assembly. It helps to improve the carrying capacity of the contact assembly to the circuit.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes at least any of the aforementioned DC contactors.
  • the DC contactor integrates two sets of contact components in an arc extinguishing cavity through a single drive method to realize the double connection of the contactor and the positive and negative lines, which simplifies the structure of the contactor and does not need to be connected to the positive and negative lines.
  • Each contactor is provided, which significantly reduces the volume and manufacturing cost of the charging device, realizes miniaturization and high load, and contributes to the realization of low-cost and light-weight vehicles.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application of an existing DC contactor in a charging circuit
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the wiring principle of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc extinguishing cavity part of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the arc extinguishing cavity part of a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of two sets of contact assemblies and magnets in a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the arc blowing principle when a DC contactor is forwardly disconnected according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the arc blowing principle when a DC contactor is reversely disconnected according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a housing and a mounting bracket in a DC contactor according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a housing and a mounting bracket in a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of moving components and contact components in a DC contactor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • DC contactors have become an important power distribution control device in the DC charging circuit of electric vehicles.
  • the current DC fast charging circuit take an electric vehicle and a DC fast charging device as an example. As shown in Figure 1, the electric vehicle is equipped with a PDU 500 and a high-voltage battery pack 200 connected to the PDU 500.
  • the charging device of the electric vehicle There are two terminals: PIN1 and PIN2, where PIN1 is the positive terminal, PIN2 is the negative terminal, the PIN1 terminal is connected to the PDU 500 through a DC contactor 400, and the PDU 500 is connected to the positive terminal of the high-voltage battery pack 200, and the PIN2 terminal passes through one
  • the DC contactor 400 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage battery pack 200.
  • a DC contactor needs to be connected to the PIN1 terminal and the PIN2 terminal respectively, which results in a large volume of the entire charging device, a large space occupation, and a high cost.
  • the prior art also integrates two contactors.
  • two single contactors are used to independently control the positive and negative pole lines, and then the two single contactors are integrated and packaged.
  • the contactor includes two cavities, each cavity has a contactor, each contactor includes a moving contact, a static contact and an electromagnetic drive mechanism, using a set of control
  • the wire simultaneously controls the two electromagnetic drive mechanisms to drive the on and off of the moving contact and the static contact.
  • the volume of the contactor is still large and needs to be further reduced, and the manufacturing cost is also high, which cannot meet the low cost and light weight of new energy vehicles. Quantified demand.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a DC contactor.
  • the DC contactor can be applied to the connection of electrical appliances, such as the connection between an electric car and a DC fast charging device, or it can also be used between other electrical cabinets and electrical equipment. connect.
  • the DC contactor adopts a single drive mode. Two arc extinguishing chambers are formed in an arc extinguishing cavity to accommodate two sets of contact components, which realizes the double connection of the contactor and the positive and negative lines, which simplifies the structure of the DC contactor. And there is no need to set a contactor on each of the positive and negative lines, which significantly reduces the volume of the charging device and reduces the cost.
  • a DC contactor 100 provided by the present application includes a housing 10 and two contact assemblies 11 arranged in the housing 10.
  • Each contact assembly 11 includes two connected moving contacts. 111, and two static contacts 112 opposite to the two moving contacts 111.
  • the static contacts 112 extend outside the housing 10 so that the static contacts 112 are connected to the positive line or the negative line.
  • the two sets of contact assemblies 11 in the housing 10 are a first contact assembly 11a and a second contact assembly 11b
  • the first contact assembly 11a includes a first movable contact 111a.
  • the second movable contact 111b connected with the first movable contact 111a, and the first static contact 112a and the second static contact 112b respectively opposite to the first movable contact 111a and the second movable contact 111b.
  • the second contact assembly 11b includes a third movable contact 111c, a fourth movable contact 111d connected to the third movable contact 111c, and a third movable contact 111c and a fourth movable contact 111d opposite to the third movable contact 111c.
  • the static contact 112c and the fourth static contact 112d wherein the first contact assembly 11a and the second contact assembly 11b are arranged side by side, and the first moving contact 111a and the third moving contact 111c are adjacent, and the second moving contact
  • the head 111b and the fourth movable contact 111d are adjacently arranged.
  • connection rows can be provided on the housing 10, which are a first connection row A1, a second connection row A2, a third connection row A3, and a fourth connection row A4.
  • the first connection row A1 and the second connection row A2 are respectively connected to the first static contact 112a and the second fixed contact 112b
  • the third connection row B1 and the fourth connection row B2 are respectively connected to the third static contact 112c and The fourth static contact 112d is connected.
  • a fifth connection row C1 and a sixth connection row C2 can also be provided on the housing 10 to realize electrical connection to the drive system 50.
  • the first connection row A1 can be connected to the PIN1 terminal
  • the third connection row B1 can be connected to the PIN2 terminal
  • the second connection row A2 is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage battery pack
  • the fourth connection Row B2 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage battery pack, that is, the first connection row A1 and the second connection row A2 are a positive circuit
  • the third connection row B1 and the fourth connection row B2 are a negative circuit
  • the first connection row A1 and the second connection row A2 are connected.
  • the current flows through the first static contact 112a, the first movable contact 111a, the second movable contact 111b, the second static contact 112b, and the second connection row A2, and then flows into the high-voltage battery after passing through the first connection row A1 from the PIN1 end.
  • the positive pole of the package is
  • the third connection row B1 is connected to the fourth connection row B2, and the current flows from the high voltage
  • the positive pole of the battery pack flows into the fourth connection bank B2 through the negative pole of the high-voltage battery pack, and then passes through the fourth stationary contact 112d, the fourth movable contact 111d, the third movable contact 111c, the third stationary contact 112c, and the first After the three connection rows B1 flow into the PIN2 end to form a loop.
  • a DC contactor 100 can meet the on-off requirements of the positive and negative pole lines, and there is no need to install a DC contactor on the positive line and the negative pole of the charging device, which simplifies the structural design of the charging device , The volume of the charging device is significantly reduced, while the cost of the charging device is reduced.
  • the first connection row A1 can also be connected to the PIN2 terminal, and the third connection row B1 can be connected to the PIN1 terminal.
  • the movable contact 111 and the contact assembly 11 The breaking of the static contact 112 is regarded as a positive breaking, and the breaking of the movable contact 111 and the static contact 112 in the contact assembly 11 when the first connecting row A1 is connected to the PIN2 end is regarded as a reverse breaking.
  • the housing 10 has an arc extinguishing cavity 12, and the arc extinguishing cavity 12 is provided with a first baffle 13. As shown in Fig. 2, the first baffle 13 will extinguish the arc.
  • the cavity 12 is divided into a first arc extinguishing chamber 121 and a second arc extinguishing chamber 122, and the two sets of contact assemblies 11 are respectively arranged in the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 122.
  • the movable contact 111 and the static contact 112 in the contact assembly 11 will generate an arc during the on-off process.
  • the first baffle 13 has the function of blocking the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 122, It can block the mutual stringing of the arc between the two arc extinguishing chambers, reduce the risk of short circuit, and improve the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100.
  • two arc extinguishing chambers are formed by dividing into the same arc extinguishing cavity 12 to respectively provide two sets of contact assemblies 11, which can simplify the structure of the contactor compared with the existing method of packaging the two contactors in one piece. Design to reduce the size of the contactor, thereby reducing the volume of the charging device.
  • the DC contactor 100 also includes a driving system 50, which is connected to the moving contacts 111 of the two sets of contact assemblies 11.
  • the driving system 50 is used to drive the moving contacts 111 to move closer to or away from the stationary contacts 112 to
  • the static contact 112 and the movable contact 111 are opened or closed, thereby controlling the on-off of the positive line and the negative line.
  • a single drive system 50 is used to drive the moving contacts 111 of the two sets of contact assemblies 11 to move to realize the on and off of the positive and negative lines, which is similar to the existing method of packaging two contactors in one piece.
  • the structural design of the contactor can be simplified, the size of the contactor can be reduced, and the volume of the charging device can be reduced.
  • driving the two sets of contact assemblies 11 at the same time through a driving system 50 can improve the on-off synchronization of the two sets of contact assemblies 11, thereby improving the on-off synchronization of the positive and negative lines in the charging device, and improving the reliability of the charging device .
  • a first magnet 14 and a second magnet 15 are respectively provided on the two sides adjacent to the two moving contacts 111 outside the first arc extinguishing chamber 121.
  • the first magnet The magnet 14 is adjacent to the first movable contact 111a
  • the second magnet 15 is adjacent to the second movable contact 111b
  • the first magnet 14 and the second magnet 15 attract and form a first magnetic field
  • the first magnet 14 and the second magnet 15 are adjacent to each other.
  • the two magnets 15 are opposite to the gap between the moving contact 111 and the static contact 112.
  • the first magnet 14 and the second magnet 15 are used to extinguish the gap between the moving contact 111 and the static contact 112 in the first contact assembly 11a.
  • the direction of the magnetic field of the first magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of the current flowing through the static contact 112 and the moving contact 111.
  • the current direction of the contact 112a and the first movable contact 111a is the direction from the first static contact 112a to the first movable contact 111a, as shown in FIG.
  • the currents of the second static contact 112b and the second movable contact 111b face inward (toward the paper), the end of the first magnet 14 close to the first movable contact 111a is the S pole, and the second magnet 15 is close to the second movable contact
  • One end of 111b is N-pole, that is, the first magnetic field direction is upward as shown in FIG. 8, and the second magnet 15 points to the first magnet 14.
  • the first moving contact 111a The arc between the static contacts 112a will be blown to the left as shown in Figure 8 (that is, the direction of a in the figure) under the force of the magnetic field, and the second movable contact 111b and the second static contact 112b The arc between the two will be blown to the right under the force of the magnetic field (that is, in the direction of b in the figure), so that the arc will be blown into the first arc extinguishing chamber and extinguished.
  • a third magnet 16 and a fourth magnet 17 are respectively provided on the two sides adjacent to the two moving contacts 111 outside the second arc extinguishing chamber 122.
  • the third magnet 16 and the third moving contact The head 111c is adjacent, the fourth magnet 17 is adjacent to the fourth movable contact 111d, the third magnet 16 and the fourth magnet 17 are attracted to form a second magnetic field, and the third magnet 16 and the fourth magnet 17 are adjacent to the movable contact
  • the gap between 111 and the static contact 112 is opposite, and the third magnet 16 and the fourth magnet 17 are used to extinguish the arc generated between the movable contact 111 and the static contact 112 in the second contact assembly 11b.
  • the direction of the second magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of the current flowing through the static contact 112 and the moving contact 111.
  • the current flowing through the third static contact 112c and the third moving contact 111c is inward.
  • the current flowing through the fourth static contact 112d and the fourth moving contact 111d faces outwards, the end of the third magnet 16 close to the third moving contact 111c is N-pole, and the fourth magnet 17 close to the fourth moving contact 111d
  • One end is the S pole, that is, the second magnetic field direction is the downward direction as shown in FIG. 8, and the third magnet 16 points to the fourth magnet 17.
  • the third movable contact 111c and the third static The arc between the contacts 112c will be blown to the left as shown in Figure 8 (ie the direction of c in the figure) under the force of the magnetic field, between the fourth movable contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d The arc will blow to the right under the force of the magnetic field (that is, the direction of d in the figure), so that the arc will be blown into the second arc extinguishing chamber and extinguished.
  • the first connection row A1 can be connected to the PIN2 terminal, and the direction of the current flowing through the first static contact 112a and the first moving contact 111a is from the first moving contact 111a to the first static contact 112a, as shown in the figure
  • the direction of the current in 9 is inward
  • the current flowing through the second static contact 112b and the second movable contact 111b is outward
  • the direction of the first magnetic field is still upward from the second magnet 15 to the first magnet 14.
  • the current flowing through the third static contact 112c and the third movable contact 111c faces outward
  • the current flowing through the fourth static contact 112d and the fourth movable contact 111d faces inward
  • the direction of the second magnetic field is directed by the third magnet 16
  • the arc between the fourth movable contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d will be blown to the left under the force of the magnetic field (that is, the direction of d in the figure), thereby blowing the arc into the second quenching Inside the arc chamber and extinguished. That is, the DC contactor 100 in the embodiment of the present application can realize the forward breaking and reverse breaking of two arcs, without polarity requirements, and can realize the non-polar arc extinguishing of the two
  • the direction of the magnetic field of the first magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the second magnetic field.
  • the arc blowing direction of the head 112 is the same as the arc blowing direction of the adjacent movable contact 111 and the static contact 112 in the second arc extinguishing chamber 122, such as between the first movable contact 111a and the first static contact 111b
  • the arc blowing direction is the same as the arc blowing direction between the third movable contact 111c and the third static contact 112c
  • the arc blowing direction between the second movable contact 111b and the second static contact 112b is the same as that of the fourth movable contact
  • the arc blowing direction between 111d and the fourth static contact 112d is the same, so that the two arcs generated by the first contact assembly 11a and the second contact assembly 11b have no relative movement during the forward and reverse breaking. The risk of arc collision, accumulation and short circuit effectively improves the breaking performance.
  • the direction of the current flowing through the first static contact 112a and the first movable contact 111a faces outward
  • the current flowing through the second static contact 112b and the second movable contact 111b faces inward.
  • the direction of the first magnetic field is upward from the second magnet 15 to the first magnet 14, the arc blowing direction between the first moving contact 111a and the first static contact 112a is to the left, the second moving contact 111b and the second static contact
  • the direction of the arc between 112b is to the right.
  • the current flowing through the third static contact 112c and the third moving contact 111c is inward, the current flowing through the fourth static contact 112d and the fourth moving contact 111d is outward, and the direction of the second magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the first magnetic field.
  • the second magnetic field direction is downward from the third magnet 16 to the fourth magnet 17, the arc blowing direction between the third movable contact 111c and the third static contact 112c is to the left, the fourth movable contact 111d and the fourth static
  • the arc blowing direction between the contacts 112d is to the right.
  • the arc blowing direction of the first movable contact 111a and the first static contact 112a is the same as the arc blowing direction of the adjacent third movable contact 111c and the third static contact 112c
  • the arc blowing direction of the static contact 112b is the same as the arc blowing direction of the adjacent fourth movable contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d, which ensures that there is no collision between the two arcs during forward breaking. Effectively improve the breaking performance of the contactor.
  • the direction of current flowing through the first static contact 112a and the first moving contact 111a is inward
  • the current flowing through the second static contact 112b and the second moving contact 111b is outward
  • the first magnetic field The direction is upward from the second magnet 15 to the first magnet 14
  • the arc direction between the first moving contact 111a and the first static contact 112a is to the right
  • the second moving contact 111b and the second static contact 112b are between The blowing direction of the arc is to the left.
  • the current flowing through the third static contact 112c and the third movable contact 111c faces outward
  • the current flowing through the fourth static contact 112d and the fourth movable contact 111d faces inward
  • the direction of the second magnetic field is downward by the third magnet 16 points to the fourth magnet 17
  • the arc blowing direction between the third movable contact 111c and the third static contact 112c is to the right
  • the arc blowing direction between the fourth movable contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d is to the left .
  • the arc blowing direction of the first movable contact 111a and the first static contact 112a is the same as the arc blowing direction of the adjacent third movable contact 111c and the third static contact 112c
  • the arc blowing direction of the static contact 112b is the same as the arc blowing direction of the adjacent fourth movable contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d, which ensures that there is no collision between the two arcs during the reverse breaking.
  • the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100 is effectively improved.
  • the molding material of the housing 10 may be a magnetically conductive material, such as ceramic, which can shield the external magnetic field.
  • the first baffle 13 in the housing 10 can be formed protrudingly on the inner top wall of the housing 10.
  • the first baffle 13 can be integrally formed with the housing 10, and the first baffle 13 can avoid blowing The problem of mutual interlocking of arcs in the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 122 occurs, and the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100 is further improved.
  • the DC contactor 100 further includes a mounting bracket 18, as shown in FIG. 5, the mounting bracket 18 includes a first bracket 181 and a second bracket 182 disposed oppositely, and the first bracket 181 and the second bracket 182 are arranged on the outer periphery of the housing 10
  • the first magnet 14 and the second magnet 15 are arranged on the inner side wall of the first bracket 181
  • the third magnet 16 and the fourth magnet 17 are arranged on the inner side wall of the second bracket 182, that is, the first bracket 181 is located in the first bracket.
  • the second bracket 182 On the outer circumference of the arc extinguishing chamber 121, the second bracket 182 is located on the outer circumference of the second arc extinguishing chamber 122, the first magnet 14 and the second magnet 15 are arranged outside the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 through the first bracket 181, and the third magnet 16 and the fourth magnet 17 are arranged outside the second arc extinguishing chamber 122 through the second bracket 182.
  • first bracket 181 and the second bracket 182 can be U-shaped brackets. As shown in FIG. At least one of the second clip 184, the first magnet 14, the second magnet 15, the third magnet 16, and the fourth magnet 17 is set on the U-shaped bracket through the first clip 183 and the second clip 184. That is, the first magnet 14, the second magnet 15, the third magnet 16 and the fourth magnet 17 are arranged on the first bracket 181 and the second bracket 182 in a clamping manner, which can facilitate assembly, disassembly and replacement.
  • the first clamping member 183 may be a claw, a groove or other clamping member provided at the outer wall of the side of the U-shaped bracket, and the second clamping member 184 may also be a claw formed by an inwardly protruding end of the opening. , Card slot or other engaging parts.
  • the first bracket 181 and the second bracket 182 may be magnetically permeable plates with magnetic permeability, and the first bracket 181 and the second bracket 182 are surrounded on the outer periphery of the housing 10.
  • the first bracket 181 may surround Set on the outer periphery of the first arc extinguishing chamber 121
  • the second bracket 182 can be arranged on the outer periphery of the second arc extinguishing chamber 122, so that the first bracket 181 and the second bracket 182 are magnetically conductive plates, such as metal brackets.
  • the external magnetic field is shielded to improve the arc extinguishing performance in the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 122, and the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100 is improved.
  • the first magnet 14, the second magnet 15, the third magnet 16, and the fourth magnet 17 may be permanent magnets.
  • the magnetic field force ensures the arc blowing and arc extinguishing effect and has a long service life, which helps to improve the reliability of the DC contactor 100.
  • the DC contactor 100 further includes a housing 20, and the mounting bracket 18 is located in the housing 20.
  • the first magnet 14, the second magnet 15, the third magnet 16, and the fourth magnet 17 has a notch 19 at the side or corner.
  • the inner side wall of the housing 20 There is a first protrusion 21 corresponding to the notch 19.
  • the first bracket 181 provided with the first magnet 14 and the second magnet 15 and the second bracket 182 provided with the third magnet 16 and the fourth magnet 17 cannot be assembled into the housing 10, which can effectively avoid
  • the first magnet 14, the second magnet 15, the third magnet 16, and the fourth magnet 17 are installed reversely or misaligned, which improves the accuracy and efficiency of assembly.
  • the housing 20 is buckled on the housing 10, and the first clamping member 183 is adjacent to the movable contact 111, that is, the first clamping member 183 is located on the U-shaped bracket close to the movable contact 111.
  • the first magnet 14 the second magnet 15, the third magnet 16, and the fourth magnet 17 are arranged on the U-shaped bracket through the first clip 183, the magnet is close to the fixed contact 112.
  • One side is not limited and there is a risk of slipping.
  • One side wall abuts against the side wall of the second protrusion 22, so that the position of the magnet is further defined by the second protrusion 22, and the first clamping member 183, the second clamping member 184, and the second protrusion 22 jointly realize the alignment
  • the limit of the magnet prevents the magnet from falling off the U-shaped bracket and improves the stability of the magnet installation.
  • the DC contactor 100 further includes a bottom plate 30, the housing 10 is arranged on the bottom plate 30, and the housing 10 and the bottom plate 30 enclose an arc extinguishing cavity 12, specifically, the bottom plate 30 and the housing 10 can enclose a sealed arc extinguishing cavity 12, wherein the bottom plate 30 can also be a magnetically permeable plate, such as ceramic, to achieve the purpose of shielding the external magnetic field.
  • the connection between the housing 10 and the bottom plate 30 can be welding, bonding, clamping connection, etc.
  • the housing 10 and the bottom plate 30 can be directly connected, or the housing 10 and the bottom plate 30 can be connected indirectly, such as In a possible implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 2, the housing 10 and the bottom plate 30 are connected by a connecting piece 40.
  • the housing 10 and the bottom plate 30 may be welded and connected by a metal connecting piece 40 to connect the housing 10
  • the connection through the connector 40 can reduce the occurrence of problems such as deformation and splitting of the housing 10 and the bottom plate 30 under high temperature conditions, and improve the reliability of the DC contactor 100.
  • the side wall of the first blocking member 13 facing the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 has a third protrusion 131, and one of the side walls of the first blocking member 13 serves as the first The side wall of the arc extinguishing chamber 121.
  • a third protrusion 131 is provided on the side wall, so that the length of the side wall is increased, and the first moving contact 111a and the first static contact 112a, the second moving contact 111b and the second static contact are also increased.
  • the creepage distance between the heads 112b helps to extinguish the arc in time, saves the space required for arc extinguishing, further improves the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100, and helps to reduce the volume of the DC contactor 100.
  • the side wall of the first barrier 13 facing the second arc extinguishing chamber 122 has a fourth protrusion 132, and the other side wall of the first barrier 13 serves as the side of the second arc extinguishing chamber 122. wall.
  • a fourth protrusion 132 is provided on the side wall, which also increases the length of the side wall, and increases the third movable contact 111c and the third static contact 112c, and the fourth movable contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d. The creepage distance between them helps to extinguish the arc in time, saves the space required for arc extinguishing, and further improves the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100.
  • the number of the third protrusion 131 and the fourth protrusion 132 may be one, or the number of the third protrusion 131 and the fourth protrusion 132 may also be multiple. As shown in FIG. 5, the third protrusion 131 The number of the fourth protrusion 132 and the fourth protrusion 132 can be two, and the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 is divided into three layers as shown in FIG.
  • the first movable contact 111a and the first static contact 112a and the second movable contact 111b and the second static contact 112b are respectively located in two layers at the end;
  • two fourth protrusions 132 divide the second arc extinguishing chamber 122 into three layers, the third movable contact 111c and the second
  • the three static contacts 112c and the fourth movable contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d are respectively located in two layers at the end.
  • the side wall of the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 opposite to the first baffle 13 may have a fifth protrusion 1211.
  • the inside of the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 The arc between the first moving contact 111a and the first static contact 112a or between the second moving contact 111b and the second static contact 112b will be blown to the side wall, and a fifth protrusion is provided on the side wall 1211.
  • the length of the side wall can be increased to increase the creepage distance between the first moving contact 111a and the first static contact 112a and the second moving contact 111b and the second static contact 112b, which is helpful for arcing Extinguishes in time, saves the space required for arc extinguishing, and further improves the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100.
  • the creepage distance between the third moving contact 111c and the third static contact 112c and the fourth moving contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d is increased, which helps to extinguish the arc in time and save the space required for arc extinguishing , To further improve the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100.
  • the driving system 50 includes a driving component 51 and a moving component 52.
  • the two groups of movable contacts 111 of the contact assembly 11 are arranged on the movable plate 522, namely, the first movable contact 111a, the second movable contact 111b, the third movable contact 111c, and the fourth movable contact 111d is arranged on the moving plate 522, and the drive assembly 51 is used to drive the moving assembly 52 to move to drive the moving contact 111 to move.
  • the drive assembly 51 can drive the support rod 521 in the moving assembly 52 to move up and down, and the support rod 521 drives The moving plate 522 moves, thereby driving the moving contact 111 on the moving plate 522 to move toward or away from the static contact 112 to realize the on-off of the moving contact 111 and the static contact 112.
  • the movable plate 522 is a plate-like structure with a certain area. Compared with the existing movable contact on the connecting rod, the movable plate 522 can provide higher strength and higher mechanical strength. , which helps to improve the reliability of the DC contactor 100.
  • the moving plate 522 and the supporting rod 521 may be integrally formed, or the supporting rod 521 and the moving plate 522 may be arranged separately. Specifically, the supporting rod 521 and the moving plate 522 may be fixedly connected by screw connection, welding or bonding. .
  • the arc generated in one of the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 or the second arc extinguishing chamber 122 may pass through the gap to the other one, causing an arc to occur. Problems such as accumulation and short circuit. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 6, there is a second barrier 5221 on the moving plate 522, and the second barrier 5221 is located outside the gap to ensure that the second barrier 5221 does not affect the movement. Board 522 activity.
  • the second barrier 5221 extends toward the first barrier 13, and the second barrier 5221 at least partially overlaps the first barrier 13, specifically, the second barrier 5221 faces toward the first barrier 13 One end partially overlaps with the end of the first barrier 13 facing the second barrier 5221, so that the second barrier 5221 can cover the gap, which further improves the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 122 The airtightness between the two further reduces the probability that the arcs in the first arc extinguishing chamber 121 and the second arc extinguishing chamber 122 will cross each other, and the breaking performance of the DC contactor 100 is improved.
  • the second barrier 5221 and the first barrier 13 at least partially overlap, specifically, the projection of the second barrier 5221 in the first plane is the same as The first barrier 13 at least partially overlaps.
  • the second baffle 5221 may be a baffle, or the second baffle 5221 may also be a structural member with a baffle. There may be one second barrier 5221 on the moving plate 522, or there may be multiple second barriers 5221.
  • a groove 5222 is provided on the moving plate 522, and the side wall of the groove 5222 forms a second barrier 5221, and the first barrier 13 can extend into the groove 5222.
  • the first blocking member 13 can extend into the groove 5222.
  • the groove 5222 has two side walls and a bottom wall connecting the two side walls. The two side walls of the groove 5222 serve as two second partitions 5221, which together with the first partition 13 realize the alignment.
  • An arc extinguishing chamber 121 and a second arc extinguishing chamber 122 are separated and isolated, and the arrangement of the groove 5222 can also increase the first moving contact 111a and the first static contact 112a, and the third moving contact 111c and the third static contact.
  • the creepage distance between the contacts 112c, and between the second moving contact 111b and the second static contact 112b, and the fourth moving contact 111d and the fourth static contact 112d helps to extinguish the arc in time and improve The breaking performance of the DC contactor 100.
  • the groove 5222 can be integrally formed with the moving plate 522, or the groove 5222 can be separately formed and arranged on the moving plate 522.
  • the arrangement of the groove 5222 and the moving plate 522 can be clamping, bonding, welding and Thread fastening, etc.
  • an arc will be generated at the position where the moving contact 111 is opposite to the static contact 112, and the influence of the arc at the position where the two moving contacts 111 are connected is relatively small. Therefore, see FIG. 5 ,
  • the second barrier 5221 may be provided only at the position opposite to the two movable contacts 111 on the moving plate 522, and the second barrier 5221 may not be provided at the position opposite to the connection of the movable contact 111 In this way, the structure of the mobile assembly 52 can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced at the same time.
  • the driving system 50 further includes a driving chamber 53, and the driving assembly 51 is located in the driving chamber 53.
  • the driving assembly 51 is located in the driving chamber 53.
  • one end of the support rod 521 is located in the driving chamber 53, and the other end of the support rod 521 extends into the arc extinguishing cavity 12.
  • the driving chamber 53 can be connected to the housing 10. Specifically, the driving chamber 53 can
  • the bottom plate 30 is shared with the housing 10, that is, the bottom plate 30 serves as a side wall of the driving chamber 53.
  • the bottom plate 30 may have a through hole, and the other end of the support rod 521 may extend into the arc extinguishing cavity 12 through the through hole.
  • the driving assembly 51 may include a static iron core 511 and a moving iron core 512 sleeved on the support rod 521.
  • the static iron core 511 is located at an end of the support rod 521 close to the bottom plate 30.
  • the moving iron core 512 is located at the end of the support rod 521 away from the bottom plate 30, and the moving iron core 512 is fixedly connected to the support rod 521, the static iron core 511 is fixedly connected to the housing of the driving chamber 53, and the static iron core 511 and the moving iron core 512 are fixedly connected There is a gap in which a return spring 513 is arranged.
  • the return spring 513 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the support rod 521.
  • the driving assembly 51 may also include an electromagnetic coil 514 surrounding the outer circumference of the stationary iron core 511 and the moving iron core 512. When the electromagnetic coil 514 is energized, the stationary iron core 511 and the moving iron core 512 are attracted to each other.
  • the electromagnetic coil 514 When the DC contactor 100 is in use, the electromagnetic coil 514 is energized, the static iron core 511 and the moving iron core 512 are attracted to each other, and the static iron core 511 is fixed in the driving chamber 53, the moving iron core 512 will overcome the elasticity of the return spring 513 The force moves toward the static iron core 511, and at the same time drives the support rod 521 to move.
  • the support rod 521 drives the moving plate 522 to move, which in turn drives the moving contact 111 on the moving plate 522 to move in the direction close to the static contact 112, and causes the moving contact to move.
  • 111 and the static contact 112 are in electrical contact, so that the static contact 112 and the moving contact 111 are closed.
  • the contact assembly 11 further includes a movable contact bridge 113, and the two movable contacts 111 are connected by the movable contact bridge 113. Specifically, the two movable contacts 111 are located on both sides of the movable contact bridge 113.
  • the contact assembly 11 further includes an elastic member 114, which is located between the movable contact bridge 113 and the moving plate 522. Specifically, the elastic member 114 may be a spring.
  • the compressed elastic member 114 will give a driving force to the movable contact 111, so that the movable contact 111 is pressed against the static contact 112, ensuring that the movable contact 111 and The reliable contact between the static contacts 112 improves the stability of the closed connection between the movable contact 111 and the static contact 112.
  • the movable contact 111 and the elastic member 114 are connected by a shaft hole sleeve. Specifically, there is a connecting rod between the movable contact 111 and the moving assembly 52, and one end of the connecting rod passes through the movable contact.
  • the head 111 is fixed with the movable contact 111, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the moving assembly 52, and the elastic member 114 is sleeved on the connecting rod.
  • the movable contact 111 is required The opening reduces the conductive area of the movable contact 111 and reduces the conductivity.
  • the contact assembly 11 may also include a U-shaped fixed bracket 115, the movable contact bridge 113 and the elastic member 114 are located in the fixed bracket 115, and the elastic member 114 is located in the movable contact bridge 113 and the movable contact bridge 113.
  • the open end of the fixed bracket 115 is arranged on the movable plate 522, so that the movable contact bridge 113 and the elastic member 114 are arranged on the movable plate 522 through the fixed bracket 115, and the movable contact 111 and the movable contact bridge 113 do not need
  • the opening of the shaft hole avoids the influence on the conductive area of the contact assembly 11, ensures the conductive performance of the contact assembly 11, and helps to improve the carrying capacity of the contact assembly 11 on the circuit.
  • a seventh protrusion (not shown) may be provided on the movable plate 522 and the movable contact bridge 113 at the position corresponding to the elastic member 114, and the two ends of the elastic member 114 are respectively sleeved on the first protrusion.
  • the seventh protrusion can limit and guide the elastic member 114 to prevent the elastic member 114 from slipping between the movable contact bridge 113 and the moving plate 522, and to prevent the elastic member 114 from being twisted. It cannot be compressed.
  • the fixed bracket 115 can be arranged on the movable plate 522 by means of bonding, welding, clamping, and threaded connection.
  • the movable plate 522 may have a protrusion
  • the boss 5223 on the plane where the moving plate 522 is located is used to set the contact assembly 11.
  • the open end may have a card slot (not shown) that can be matched with the third card 5224, and the open end of the fixing bracket 115 can be locked and fixed with the moving plate 522 through the cooperation of the card slot and the third card 5224, thereby The movable contact 111 and the elastic member 114 are fixed on the movable plate 522 through the fixed bracket 115.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes at least any of the aforementioned DC contactors 100.
  • the vehicle may be an electric vehicle/electric vehicle (EV), a pure electric vehicle (PEV/BEV), a hybrid vehicle (HEV), Range-extended electric vehicle (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), new energy vehicle (New Energy Vehicle), etc.
  • EV electric vehicle/electric vehicle
  • PEV/BEV pure electric vehicle
  • HEV hybrid vehicle
  • REEV Range-extended electric vehicle
  • PHEV plug-in hybrid electric vehicle
  • New Energy Vehicle New Energy Vehicle
  • the vehicle may further include a vehicle body, and a power distribution box arranged on the vehicle body, and the power distribution box is connected to the DC contactor 100.
  • the vehicle may also include wheels, motors, and transmission components.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle that includes the above-mentioned DC contactor 100.
  • the DC contactor 100 integrates two sets of contact assemblies in an arc extinguishing cavity through a single drive to realize the contactor and the positive and negative poles.
  • the double connection of the lines simplifies the structure of the contactor, and there is no need to set a contactor on the positive and negative lines, which significantly reduces the volume and manufacturing cost of the charging device, realizes miniaturization and high load, and helps to realize the vehicle The low-cost and lightweight needs of the industry.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or Indirect connection through an intermediate medium can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or Indirect connection through an intermediate medium can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.

Abstract

一种直流接触器及车辆，该直流接触器包括壳体和设置在壳体内的两组触点组件，每组触点组件包括两个相连的动触头和两个静触头，还包括用于驱动动触头朝向靠近或远离静触头方向移动以实现动触头和静触头通断的驱动系统，其中壳体内具有灭弧腔体，灭弧腔体内的第一隔挡件将其分割成第一灭弧室和第二灭弧室，触点组件分别位于第一灭弧室和第二灭弧室内，即将两组触点组件集成到一个灭弧腔体的两个灭弧室内，并通过单一驱动系统的方式进行通断驱动，简化了直流接触器的结构，而且使用一个直流接触器就能够满足正负两极线路的通断需求，无需在正负两极各安装一个接触器，缩小了充电装置的体积并降低制造成本。

Description

一种直流接触器及车辆
本申请要求于2020年06月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010591488.5、申请名称为“一种直流接触器及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电力技术领域，特别涉及一种直流接触器及车辆。
背景技术
接触器是利用较小的电流控制较大电流的“自动开关”在电路中起着自动调节、安全保护、转换电路等作用，直流接触器作为接触器的一个类型，主要应用于直流回路中。随着电力技术的不断发展，在电动汽车、工程机械、光能以及风能设备等行业中，带有直流接触器的直流电源系统得到广泛的应用，如在新能源汽车直流充电回路中，高压直流接触器成为该回路中重要的配电控制器件。
目前的直流快充回路中，无论是直流快充装置电源侧，还是车上配电盒(PDU)里面，基于汽车完成充电后，充电口/充电枪与带电电源支架必须有隔离断口的安规要求，在正极线路和负极线路上都会安装一个高压直流接触器，以控制线路的断开和闭合。
然而，在正负极线路上各安装高压直流接触器，大大增加了充电装置的体积，使充装置的结构复杂、体积臃肿，且制造成本较高。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种直流接触器及车辆，解决了现有的直流快充回路中正负极线路上各安装一个直流接触器，导致充电装置体积较大且制造成本较高的问题。
本申请实施例的第一方面提供一种直流接触器，包括壳体和设置在所述壳体内的两组触点组件，每组所述触点组件包括相连的两个动触头和与所述动触头相对的两个静触头，所述静触头延伸到所述壳体外；
所述壳体内具有灭弧腔体，所述灭弧腔体内设置有第一隔挡件，所述第一隔挡件将所述灭弧腔体分割成第一灭弧室和第二灭弧室，两组所述触点组件分别设置在所述第一灭弧室和所述第二灭弧室内；这样就将两组触点组件集成到一个灭弧腔体内，通过控制其中一组触点组件中动触头和静触头的通断即可控制正极线路的通断，控制其中另一组触点组件中动触头和静触头的通断即可控制负极线路的通断，也就是通过一个直流接触器即可满足正负两极线路的通断需求，无需在充电装置的正极线路和负极上各安装一个直流接触器，简化了充电装置的结构设计，显著缩小了充电装置的体积，同时降低了充电装置的成本。
还包括驱动系统，所述驱动系统与两组所述触点组件的所述动触头连接，所述驱 动系统用于驱动所述动触头朝向靠近或远离所述静触头的方向移动，以使所述动触头与所述静触头断开或闭合。使用单一的驱动系统驱动两组触点组件的动触头移动以实现正负极线路的通断，单驱动方式能够简化接触器的结构设计，减小接触器的尺寸，进而缩小充电装置的体积。同时，通过一个驱动系统驱动同时驱动两组触点组件，可以提高两组触点组件通断的同步性，提升充电装置的可靠性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一灭弧室外与两个所述动触头相邻的两侧分别设置有第一磁体和第二磁体，所述第一磁体和所述第二磁体相吸并形成第一磁场，且所述第一磁体和所述第二磁体与所述动触头和所述静触头之间的间隙相对；
所述第二灭弧室外与两个所述动触头相邻的两侧分别设置有第三磁体和第四磁体，所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体相吸并形成第二磁场，且所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体与所述动触头和所述静触头之间的间隙相对；
所述第一磁场和所述第二磁场的磁场方向与流经所述静触头和所述动触头的电流方向垂直，且所述第一磁场的磁场方向和所述第二磁场的磁场方向相反。第一灭弧室内的两个动触头和两个静触头之间的电弧，在第一磁场的磁场力作用下会被吹向第一灭弧室内，拉长电弧并在第一灭弧室内熄灭，第二灭弧室内的两个动触头和两个静触头之间的电弧，在第二磁场的磁场力作用下吹向第二灭弧室，拉长电弧并熄灭。而第一磁场和第二磁场方向与静触头和动触头间电流方向垂直，可以实现两路电弧的正向分断和反向分断，无极性要求，能够实现两组触点组件的无极性灭弧。另外，使第一磁场和第二磁场的磁场方向相反，在第一磁场和第二磁场的作用下可以使第一灭弧室内动触头和静触头的吹弧方向与第二灭弧室内的相邻的动触头和静触头的吹弧方向相同，从而使第一触点组件和第二触点组件产生的两路电弧在正向和反向分断时无相对方向运动，降低电弧碰撞、集聚以及短路的风险，有效提高分断性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，还包括安装支架，所述安装支架包括相对设置的第一支架和第二支架，所述第一支架和所述第二支架围设在所述壳体的外周上，所述第一磁体和所述第二磁体设置在所述第一支架的内侧壁上，所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体设置在所述第二支架的内侧壁上。这样第一磁体和第二磁体就通过第一支架设置在第一灭弧室外，第三磁体和第四磁体就通过第二支架设置在第二灭弧室外。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一支架和所述第二支架为U形支架，所述U形支架的侧壁上具有第一卡件，所述U形支架开口的端部具有朝向开口内凸起的第二卡件，所述第一磁体、所述第二磁体、所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体中的至少一个通过所述第一卡件和所述第二卡件设置在所述U形支架上。这样第一磁体、第二磁体、第三磁体和第四磁体就通过卡设的方式设置在第一支架和第二支架上，可便于装配与拆卸更换。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，还包括外壳，所述安装支架位于所述外壳内，所述第一磁体、所述第二磁体、所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体中的至少一个的侧边或拐角处具有缺口，所述外壳的内侧壁上具有与所述缺口对应的第一凸起。当第一磁体、第二磁体、第三磁体和第四磁体的磁极反装或错装时，由于缺口和第一凸起的设置，设置有第一磁体、第二磁体的第一支架和设置有第三磁体和第四磁体的第二支架就不能够装配到壳体内，可以有效避免第一磁体、第二磁体、第三磁体和第四磁体 反装或错位等问题，提高装配的准确性和装配效率。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一卡件与所述动触头相邻，所述外壳与所述静触头相邻的一端内壁上具有第二凸起，所述第一磁体、所述第二磁体、所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体中的至少一个的侧壁与所述第二凸起的侧壁抵接。第一卡件位于U形支架靠近动触头的一端的外侧壁上，第一磁体、第二磁体、第三磁体和第四磁体通过第一卡件设置在U形支架上时，磁体靠近静触头的一侧未被限位，存在滑落的风险，通过第二凸起可以进一步限定磁体的位置，避免磁体从U形支架上脱落，提高了磁体的设置稳定性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一支架和所述第二支架为具有导磁性能的导磁板。第一支架和第二支架围设在壳体的外周上，使第一支架和第二支架为导磁板，可以对外部磁场起到屏蔽作用，以提高第一灭弧室和第二灭弧室内的灭弧性能，提高直流接触器的分断性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一磁体、所述第二磁体、所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体为永磁体。这样就具有较强的磁性且不易退磁，可以保证第一磁场和第二磁场的磁场力，从而保证吹弧灭弧效果，且具有较长的使用寿命，有助于提高直流接触器的可靠性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，还包括底板，所述壳体设置在所述底板上，所述壳体与所述底板围成所述灭弧腔体。底板和壳体可以围成密封的灭弧腔体，底板也可以是具有导磁性能的导磁板，可以达到对外界磁场屏蔽的目的。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述壳体与所述底板通过连接件连接。与将壳体与底板直接连接相比，通过连接件实现连接，可以减少在高温情况下壳体与底板变形而分裂脱落等问题的发生，提高直流接触器的可靠性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一隔挡件朝向所述第一灭弧室的侧壁上具有第三凸起，所述第一隔挡件朝向所述第二灭弧室的侧壁上具有第四凸起。第三凸起可以增加第一隔挡件朝向第一灭弧室的侧壁的长度，也就增大了第一动触头和第一静触头与第二动触头和第二静触头之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，节省灭弧所需空间，进一步提高直流接触器的分断性能，并有助于缩小直流接触器的体积。第四凸起可以增加第一隔挡件朝向第二灭弧室的侧壁的长度，增大第三动触头和第三静触头与第四动触头和第四静触头之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，节省灭弧所需空间，进一步提高直流接触器的分断性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一灭弧室与所述第一隔挡件相对的一侧侧壁上具有第五凸起，所述第二灭弧室与所述第一隔挡件相对的一侧侧壁上具有第六凸起。第五凸起可以增加第一灭弧室与第一隔挡件相对一侧侧壁的长度，增大第一动触头和第一静触头与第二动触头和第二静触头之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，节省灭弧所需空间，进一步提高直流接触器的分断性能。第六凸起可以增加第二灭弧室与第一隔挡件相对一侧侧壁的长度，增大了第三动触头和第三静触头与第四动触头和第四静触头之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，节省灭弧所需空间，进一步提高直流接触器的分断性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述驱动系统包括驱动组件和移动组件， 所述移动组件包括支撑杆和与所述支撑杆连接的移动板，所述移动板位于所述灭弧腔体内，且两组所述触点组件的所述动触头设置在所述移动板上；
所述驱动组件用于驱动所述移动组件移动以带动所述动触头移动，且当所述动触头与所述静触头断开时，所述第一隔挡件与所述移动板之间具有间隙。移动板为具有一定面积的板状结构，与现有的将动触头设置在连接杆上相比，移动板可以提供更高的强度，具有更高的机械强度，有助于提高直流接触器的可靠性。另外，第一隔挡件与移动板之间的间隙为移动板提供了活动空间，保证移动板可以移动从而带动动触头移动。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述移动板上具有第二隔挡件，所述第二隔挡件位于所述间隙的外侧，所述第二隔挡件朝向所述第一隔挡件延伸，且所述第二隔挡件与所述第一隔挡件至少部分重叠。具体的，第二隔挡件朝向第一隔挡件的一端与第一隔挡件朝向第二隔挡件的一端部分重叠，使第二隔挡件可以遮盖该间隙，这样就进一步提高了第一灭弧室和第二灭弧室之间的密闭性，降低第一灭弧室和第二灭弧室内的电弧发生互串的几率，提高了直流接触器的分断性能。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述移动板上设置有凹槽，所述凹槽的侧壁形成所述第二隔挡件，所述第一隔挡件伸入所述凹槽内。凹槽具有两个侧壁和一个连接两个侧壁的底壁，凹槽的两个侧壁作为两个第二隔挡件，与第一隔挡件共同实现对第一灭弧室和第二灭弧室的分离隔绝，同时凹槽的设置还可以增大第一触点组件和第二触点组件之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，提高直流接触器的分断性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述移动板上与两个所述动触头相对的位置处分别设置有所述第二隔挡件。在动触头和静触头相对的位置处会产生电弧，而在两个动触头连接的位置处电弧的影响较小，可以仅在移动板上与两个动触头相对的位置处分别设置有第二隔挡件，而在与动触头连接处相对的位置可以不设置第二隔挡件，这样能够简化移动组件的结构，同时也能够降低成本。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述驱动系统还包括驱动室，所述驱动组件位于所述驱动室内，所述支撑杆一端位于所述驱动室内，所述支撑杆的另一端延伸到所述灭弧腔体内。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述触点组件还包括动触桥和弹性件，两个所述动触头通过所述动触桥连接，所述弹性件位于所述动触桥和所述移动板之间。当移动板移动并带动动触头朝向靠近静触头的方向移动时，首先动触头会和静触头抵接接触，移动板继续移动，就会压缩位于移动板和动触桥之间的弹性件，压缩的弹性件就会给动触头一个推动力，以使动触头抵压在静触头上，保证了动触头和静触头之间的可靠接触，提高动触头和静触头闭合连接的稳定性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述触点组件还包括U形的固定支架，所述动触桥和所述弹性件位于所述固定支架内，所述固定支架的开口端设置在所述移动板上。这样动触桥和弹性件就通过固定支架设置在移动板上，动触头以及动触桥上无需开设轴孔，避免了对触点组件导电面积的影响，保证了触点组件的导电性能，有助于提升触点组件对电路的承载能力。
本申请实施例的第二方面提供一种车辆，至少包括上述任一所述的直流接触器。 该直流接触器通过单驱动的方式，在一个灭弧腔体内集成了两组触点组件，实现接触器与正负极线路的双联，简化了接触器的结构，且无需在正负极线路各设置一个接触器，显著的减小了充电装置的体积以及制造成本，实现了小型化高负载，有助于实现车辆的低成本和轻量化需求。
附图说明
图1是现有的一种直流接触器在充电回路中的应用示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器的结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器的接线原理示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器的剖面示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器中灭弧腔体部分的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器中灭弧腔体部分的剖面示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器中两组触点组件和磁体的设置示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器正向分断时的吹弧原理示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器反向分断时的吹弧原理示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器中外壳和安装支架的设置示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器中外壳和安装支架的剖面示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种直流接触器中移动组件和触点组件的设置示意图。
附图标记说明：
100-直流接触器；10-壳体；11-触点组件；11a-第一触点组件；11b-第二触点组件；111-动触头；111a-第一动触头；111b-第二动触头；111c-第三动触头；111d-第四动触头；112-静触头；112a-第一静触头；112b-第二静触头；112c-第三静触头；112d-第四静触头；113-动触桥；114-弹性件；115-固定支架；12-灭弧腔体；121-第一灭弧室；1211-第五凸起；122-第二灭弧室；1221-第六凸起；13-第一隔挡件；131-第三凸起；132-第四凸起；14-第一磁体；15-第二磁体；16-第三磁体；17-第四磁体；18-安装支架；181-第一支架；182-第二支架；183-第一卡件；184-第二卡件；19-缺口；20-外壳；21-第一凸起；22-第二凸起；30-底板；40-连接件；50-驱动系统；51-驱动组件；511-静铁芯；512-动铁芯；513-复位弹簧；514-电磁线圈；52-移动组件；521-支撑杆；522-移动板；5221-第二隔挡件；5222-凹槽；5223-凸台；5224-第三卡件；53-驱动室。
具体实施方式
本申请的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例的实施方式进行详细描述。
当前电动车辆作为环保节能的交通工具，应用越来越广泛，与之配套的快充接触器也得到广泛的应用，直流接触器已成为电动车辆直流充电回路中重要的配电控制器件。在目前的直流快充回路中，以电动汽车与直流快充装置为例，参见图1所示，电动汽车内设置有PDU 500，以及与PDU 500连接的高压电池包200，电动汽车的充电装置具有两个接线端：PIN1和PIN2，其中PIN1为正极端子，PIN2为负极端子，PIN1 端子通过一个直流接触器400与PDU 500连接，PDU 500再与高压电池包200的正极连接，PIN2端子通过一个直流接触器400与高压电池包200的负极连接。在使用时，通过控制两个直流接触器的闭合或断开来控制直流快充装置300与高压电池包200的连接。在上述的直流快充回路中，需要在PIN1端子以及PIN2端子处分别连接一个直流接触器，导致整个充电装置体积较大，占用空间较大，且成本较高。另外，两个直流接触器分别设置也很难做到正负极线路同步的断开或闭合。
为降低充电装置的体积以及成本，现有技术中也有将两个接触器进行集成化设计，如采用两个单体接触器独立控制正负两极线路，然后将两个单体接触器一体封装集成在一起，具体的，该接触器包括有两个腔体，每个腔体内有一个接触器，每个接触器包括有一个动触头、一个静触头和一电磁驱动机构，采用一组控制线同时控制两个电磁驱动机构来驱动动触头和静触头的通断，然而接触器的体积仍较大，有待进一步缩小，且制造成本也较高，不能满足新能源车辆低成本和轻量化的需求。
基于上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供一种直流接触器，该直流接触器可以应用于电器连接，如电动汽车与直流快充装置的连接，或者也可以是其他电气柜与电气设备之间的连接。该直流接触器采用单驱动方式，在一个灭弧腔体中形成两个灭弧室以容纳两组触点组件，实现接触器与正负极线路的双联，简化了直流接触器的结构，且无需在正负极线路各设置一个接触器，显著的减小了充电装置的体积并降低了成本。
下面以该直流接触器应用于电动汽车与直流快充装置的连接为例，对该直流接触器具体说明。
参见图2所示，本申请提供的一种直流接触器100，包括壳体10和设置在壳体10内的两个触点组件11，每个触点组件11包括相连的两个动触头111，以及与两个动触头111相对的两个静触头112，静触头112延伸到壳体10外，以便于静触头112与正极线路或负极线路连接。
具体的，参见图3所示，在壳体10内的两组触点组件11分别为第一触点组件11a和第二触点组件11b，第一触点组件11a包括第一动触头111a和与第一动触头111a相连的第二动触头111b，以及分别与第一动触头111a和第二动触头111b相对的第一静触头112a和第二静触头112b。第二触点组件11b包括第三动触头111c和与第三动触头111c相连的第四动触头111d，以及分别与第三动触头111c和第四动触头111d相对的第三静触头112c和第四静触头112d，其中，第一触点组件11a和第二触点组件11b并列，且第一动触头111a和第三动触头111c相邻，第二动触头111b和第四动触头111d相邻设置。
在壳体10上可以设置四个连接排，分别为第一连接排A1，第二连接排A2，第三连接排A3和第四连接排A4。其中，第一连接排A1和第二连接排A2分别与第一静触头112a和第二静触头112b连接，第三连接排B1和第四连接排B2分别与第三静触头112c和第四静触头112d连接。在壳体10上还可以设置第五连接排C1和第六连接排C2，以实现对驱动系统50的电性连接。
将直流接触器100应用到直流快充回路中时，第一连接排A1可以连接PIN1端，第三连接排B1可以连接PIN2端，第二连接排A2与高压电池包的正极连接，第四连接排B2与高压电池包的负极连接，即第一连接排A1和第二连接排A2为一正极电路， 第三连接排B1和第四连接排B2为一负极电路，当第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a以及第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b电接触时，就使第一连接排A1和第二连接排A2连通。电流从PIN1端经过第一连接排A1之后依次经过第一静触头112a、第一动触头111a、第二动触头111b、第二静触头112b和第二连接排A2后流入高压电池包的正极。
当第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c以及第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d电接触时，就使第三连接排B1与第四连接排B2连通，电流从高压电池包的正极经过高压电池包的负极流入第四连接排B2中，然后依次经过第四静触头112d、第四动触头111d、第三动触头111c、第三静触头112c和第三连接排B1后流入PIN2端形成回路。控制第一触点组件11a中动触头与静触头的通断即可控制正极线路的通断，控制第二触点组件11b中动触头与静触头的通断即可控制负极线路的通断。
即在本申请实施例中，通过一个直流接触器100即可满足正负两极线路的通断需求，无需在充电装置的正极线路和负极上各安装一个直流接触器，简化了充电装置的结构设计，显著缩小了充电装置的体积，同时降低了充电装置的成本。
其中，在本申请实施例中，第一连接排A1也可以连接PIN2端，第三连接排B1可以连接PIN1端，将第一连接排A1连接PIN1端时触点组件11内动触头111和静触头112的分断作为正向分断，将第一连接排A1连接PIN2端时触点组件11内动触头111和静触头112的分断作为反向分断。
具体的，参见图3所示，壳体10内具有灭弧腔体12，灭弧腔体12内设置有第一隔挡件13，如图2所示，第一隔挡件13将灭弧腔体12分割成第一灭弧室121和第二灭弧室122，两组触点组件11分别设置在第一灭弧室121和第二灭弧室122内。触点组件11中的动触头111和静触头112在通断的过程中会产生电弧，第一隔挡件13具有隔挡第一灭弧室121和第二灭弧室122的作用，可阻挡电弧在两个灭弧室之间的互串，降低短路的风险，提高直流接触器100的分断性能。
另外，在同一灭弧腔体12内通过分割形成两个灭弧室以分别设置两组触点组件11，与现有的将两个接触器一体封装的方式相比，能够简化接触器的结构设计，缩小接触器的尺寸，进而减小充电装置的体积。
直流接触器100还包括驱动系统50，驱动系统50与两组触点组件11的动触头111连接，驱动系统50用于驱动动触头111朝向靠近或远离静触头112的方向移动，以使静触头112与动触头111断开或闭合，从而控制正极线路和负极线路的通断。
在本申请实施例中，使用单一的驱动系统50驱动两组触点组件11的动触头111移动以实现正负极线路的通断，与现有的将两个接触器一体封装的方式相比，单驱动方式能够简化接触器的结构设计，减小接触器的尺寸，进而缩小充电装置的体积。同时，通过一个驱动系统50驱动同时驱动两组触点组件11，可以提高两组触点组件11通断的同步性，进而提高充电装置中正负极线路通断的同步性，提升充电装置的可靠性。
参见图5所示，在本申请实施例中，第一灭弧室121外与两个动触头111相邻的两侧分别设置有第一磁体14和第二磁体15，具体的，第一磁体14与第一动触头111a相邻，第二磁体15与第二动触头111b相邻，第一磁体14和第二磁体15相吸并形成 第一磁场，且第一磁体14和第二磁体15与动触头111和静触头112之间的间隙相对，第一磁体14和第二磁体15用于熄灭第一触点组件11a中动触头111和静触头112之间产生的电弧。
具体的，参见图8所示，当动触头111和静触头112通断时，会在两者通断的间隙处产生电弧，而电弧在第一磁场的磁场力的作用下就会被吹向第一灭弧室121内，拉长电弧并使电弧在第一灭弧室121内熄灭。
其中，第一磁场的磁场方向与流经静触头112和动触头111的电流方向垂直，参见图8所示，以第一连接排A1与PIN1端连接为例，则流经第一静触头112a和第一动触头111a的电流方向为从第一静触头112a指向第一动触头111a的方向，如图8中所示的电流方向朝外(朝向纸张外)，流经第二静触头112b和第二动触头111b的电流朝内(朝向纸张内)，第一磁体14靠近第一动触头111a的一端为S极，第二磁体15靠近第二动触头111b的一端为N极，即第一磁场方向为如图8中所示的向上的方向，由第二磁体15指向第一磁体14，根据左手定则可知，第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a之间的电弧就会在磁场力的作用下吹向如图8中所示的左侧(即图中a的方向)，第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的电弧会在磁场力的作用下吹向右侧(即图中b的方向)，从而将电弧吹入第一灭弧腔室内并熄灭。
参见图5所示，第二灭弧室122外与两个动触头111相邻的两侧分别设置有第三磁体16和第四磁体17，具体的，第三磁体16与第三动触头111c相邻，第四磁体17与第四动触头111d相邻，第三磁体16和第四磁体17相吸并形成第二磁场，且第三磁体16和第四磁体17与动触头111和静触头112之间的间隙相对，第三磁体16和第四磁体17用于熄灭第二触点组件11b中动触头111和静触头112之间产生的电弧。
具体的，参见图8所示，当第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c以及第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d通断时，会在两者通断的间隙处产生电弧，而电弧在第二磁场的磁场力的作用下就会被吹向第二灭弧室122内，拉长电弧并使电弧在第二灭弧室122内熄灭。
其中，第二磁场的磁场方向与流经静触头112和动触头111的电流方向垂直，如图8所示，流经第三静触头112c和第三动触头111c的电流朝内，流经第四静触头112d和第四动触头111d的电流朝外，第三磁体16靠近第三动触头111c的一端为N极，第四磁体17靠近第四动触头111d的一端为S极，即第二磁场方向为如图8中所示的向下的方向，由第三磁体16指向第四磁体17，根据左手定则可知，第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c之间的电弧就会在磁场力的作用下吹向如图8中所示的左侧(即图中c的方向)，第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的电弧会在磁场力的作用下吹向右侧(即图中d的方向)，从而将电弧吹入第二灭弧腔室内并熄灭。
第一连接排A1可以与PIN2端连接，则流经第一静触头112a和第一动触头111a的电流方向为从第一动触头111a指向第一静触头112a的方向，如图9中的电流方向朝内，流经第二静触头112b和第二动触头111b的电流朝外，第一磁场方向仍向上由第二磁体15指向第一磁体14，根据左手定则可知，第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a之间的电弧会在磁场力的作用下吹向右侧(即图中a的方向)，第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的电弧会吹向左侧(即图中b的方向)，实现电弧吹入第一灭弧室 121中以熄灭电弧。
流经第三静触头112c和第三动触头111c的电流朝外，流经第四静触头112d和第四动触头111d的电流朝内，第二磁场方向由第三磁体16指向第四磁体17，参见图9所示，根据左手定则可知，第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c之间的电弧就会在磁场力的作用下吹向右侧(即图中c的方向)，第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的电弧会在磁场力的作用下吹向左侧(即图中d的方向)，从而将电弧吹入第二灭弧腔室内并熄灭。即本申请实施例中的直流接触器100可以实现两路电弧的正向分断和反向分断，无极性要求，能够实现两组触点组件的无极性灭弧。
在本申请实施例中，第一磁场的磁场方向和第二磁场的磁场方向相反，在第一磁场和第二磁场的作用下可以使第一灭弧室121内的动触头111和静触头112的吹弧方向与第二灭弧室122内的相邻的动触头111和静触头112的吹弧方向相同，如第一动触头111a和第一静触头111b之间的吹弧方向与第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c之间的吹弧方向相同，第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的吹弧方向与第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的吹弧方向相同，从而使第一触点组件11a和第二触点组件11b产生的两路电弧在正向和反向分断时无相对方向运动，降低电弧碰撞、集聚以及短路的风险，有效提高分断性能。
具体的，参见图8所示，流经第一静触头112a和第一动触头111a的电流方向朝外，流经第二静触头112b和第二动触头111b的电流朝内，第一磁场方向向上由第二磁体15指向第一磁体14，第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a之间的吹弧方向向左，第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的吹弧方向向右。流经第三静触头112c和第三动触头111c的电流朝内，流经第四静触头112d和第四动触头111d的电流朝外，第二磁场方向与第一磁场方向相反，第二磁场方向向下由第三磁体16指向第四磁体17，第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c之间的吹弧方向向左，第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的吹弧方向向右。即第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a的吹弧方向与相邻的第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c的吹弧方向相同，第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b的吹弧方向与相邻的第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d的吹弧方向相同，这样就保证了正向分断时两路电弧之间无相互碰撞的情况，有效的提高了接触器的分断性能。
参见图9所示，流经第一静触头112a和第一动触头111a的电流方向朝内，流经第二静触头112b和第二动触头111b的电流朝外，第一磁场方向向上由第二磁体15指向第一磁体14，第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a之间的吹弧方向向右，第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的吹弧方向向左。流经第三静触头112c和第三动触头111c的电流朝外，流经第四静触头112d和第四动触头111d的电流朝内，第二磁场方向向下由第三磁体16指向第四磁体17，第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c之间的吹弧方向向右，第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的吹弧方向向左。即第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a的吹弧方向与相邻的第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c的吹弧方向相同，第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b的吹弧方向与相邻的第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d的吹弧方向相同，这样就保证了反向分断时两路电弧之间无相互碰撞的情况，有效的提高了直流接触器100的分断性能。
其中，在本申请实施例中，壳体10的成型材料可以是导磁材料，如陶瓷，可以对外部磁场起到屏蔽的作用。而壳体10内的第一隔挡件13可以是在壳体10的内顶壁上凸起形成，第一隔挡件13可以与壳体10一体成型，第一隔挡件13可以避免吹向第一灭弧室121和第二灭弧室122内的电弧发生互串的问题，进一步提高直流接触器100的分断性能。
直流接触器100还包括安装支架18，参见图5所示，安装支架18包括相对设置的第一支架181和第二支架182，第一支架181和第二支架182围设在壳体10的外周上，第一磁体14和第二磁体15设置在第一支架181的内侧壁上，第三磁体16和第四磁体17设置在第二支架182的内侧壁上，即第一支架181位于第一灭弧室121的外周上，第二支架182位于第二灭弧室122的外周上，第一磁体14和第二磁体15通过第一支架181设置在第一灭弧室121外，第三磁体16和第四磁体17通过第二支架182设置在第二灭弧室122外。
其中，第一支架181和第二支架182可以为U形支架，参见图11所示，在U形支架的侧壁上具有第一卡件183，U形支架开口的端部具有朝向开口内凸起的第二卡件184，第一磁体14、第二磁体15、第三磁体16和第四磁体17中的至少一个通过第一卡件183和第二卡件184设置在U形支架上。即第一磁体14、第二磁体15、第三磁体16和第四磁体17通过卡设的方式设置在第一支架181和第二支架182上，可便于装配与拆卸更换。
第一卡件183可以是设置在U形支架的侧边外壁处的卡爪、卡槽或者是其他卡合件，第二卡件184也可以是开口的端部向内凸起形成的卡爪、卡槽或者是其他卡合件。
其中，第一支架181和第二支架182可以是具有导磁性能的导磁板，第一支架181和第二支架182围设在壳体10的外周上，具体的，第一支架181可以围设在第一灭弧室121的外周上，第二支架182可以围设在第二灭弧室122的外周上，使第一支架181和第二支架182为导磁板，如金属支架，可以对外部磁场起到屏蔽作用，以提高第一灭弧室121和第二灭弧室122内的灭弧性能，提高直流接触器100的分断性能。
在本申请实施例中，第一磁体14、第二磁体15、第三磁体16和第四磁体17可以为永磁体，具有较强的磁性且不易退磁，可以保证第一磁场和第二磁场的磁场力，从而保证吹弧灭弧效果，且具有较长的使用寿命，有助于提高直流接触器100的可靠性。
参见图10所示，直流接触器100还包括外壳20，安装支架18位于外壳20内。参见图7所示，第一磁体14、第二磁体15、第三磁体16和第四磁体17中的至少一个的侧边或拐角处具有缺口19，如图10所示，外壳20的内侧壁上具有与缺口19对应的第一凸起21，当第一磁体14、第二磁体15、第三磁体16和第四磁体17的磁极反装或错装时，由于缺口19和第一凸起21的设置，设置有第一磁体14、第二磁体15的第一支架181和设置有第三磁体16和第四磁体17的第二支架182就不能够装配到壳体10内，可以有效避免第一磁体14、第二磁体15、第三磁体16和第四磁体17反装或错位等问题，提高装配的准确性和装配效率。
参见图10所示，在一种可能的实现方式中，外壳20扣设在壳体10上，第一卡件183与动触头111相邻，即第一卡件183位于U形支架靠近动触头111的一端的外侧壁上，第一磁体14、第二磁体15、第三磁体16和第四磁体17通过第一卡件183设置 在U形支架上时，磁体靠近静触头112的一侧未被限位，存在滑落的风险。在本申请实施例中，在外壳20与静触头112相邻的一端内壁上具有第二凸起22，第一磁体14、第二磁体15、第三磁体16和第四磁体17中的至少一个的侧壁与第二凸起22的侧壁抵接，这样通过第二凸起22进一步限定了磁体的位置，第一卡件183、第二卡件184和第二凸起22共同实现对磁体的限位，避免磁体从U形支架上脱落，提高了磁体的设置稳定性。
在本申请实施例中，参见图2所示，直流接触器100还包括底板30，壳体10盖设在底板30上，壳体10与底板30围成灭弧腔体12，具体的，底板30和壳体10可以围成密封的灭弧腔体12，其中，底板30也可以是具有导磁性能的导磁板，如陶瓷，可以达到对外界磁场屏蔽的目的。
壳体10与底板30之间的连接方式可以是焊接、粘接、卡固连接等，壳体10与底板30可以直接连接，或者壳体10也可以与底板30通过间接连接的方式连接，如在一种可能的实现方式中，参见图2所示，壳体10与底板30通过连接件40连接，具体的，壳体10与底板30可以通过金属连接件40焊接连接，与将壳体10与底板30直接连接相比，通过连接件40实现连接，可以减少在高温情况下壳体10与底板30变形而分裂脱落等问题的发生，提高直流接触器100的可靠性。
本申请实施例中，参见图5所示，第一隔挡件13朝向第一灭弧室121的侧壁上具有第三凸起131，第一隔挡件13的其中一个侧壁作为第一灭弧室121的侧壁。在第一磁场的作用下，第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a之间或第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的电弧会被吹向该侧壁，在该侧壁上设置第三凸起131，这样就增加了该侧壁的长度，也就增大了第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a与第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，节省灭弧所需空间，进一步提高直流接触器100的分断性能，并有助于缩小直流接触器100的体积。
参见图5所示，第一隔挡件13朝向第二灭弧室122的侧壁上具有第四凸起132，第一隔挡件13的另一个侧壁作为第二灭弧室122的侧壁。在第二磁场的作用下，第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c之间或第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的电弧会被吹向该侧壁，在该侧壁上设置第四凸起132，同样的增加了该侧壁的长度，增大了第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c与第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，节省灭弧所需空间，进一步提高直流接触器100的分断性能。
其中，第三凸起131和第四凸起132的数量可以是一个，或者第三凸起131和第四凸起132的数量也可以是多个，如图5所示，第三凸起131和第四凸起132的数量可以为两个，两个第三凸起131件第一灭弧室121分成如图5中所示的三层，第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a以及第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b分别位于端部的两层中；两个第四凸起132将第二灭弧室122分成三层，第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c以及第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d分别位于端部的两层中。
参见图5所示，第一灭弧室121与第一隔挡件13相对的一侧侧壁上可以具有第五凸起1211，在第一磁场的作用下，第一灭弧室121内的第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a之间或第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的电弧会被吹向该侧壁，在该 侧壁上设置第五凸起1211，可以增加该侧壁的长度，增大第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a与第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，节省灭弧所需空间，进一步提高直流接触器100的分断性能。
在第二灭弧室122与第一隔挡件13相对的一侧侧壁上可以具有第六凸起1221，在第二磁场的作用下，第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c之间或第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的电弧会被吹向该侧壁，在该侧壁上具有第六凸起1221，同样的增加了该侧壁的长度，增大了第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c与第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，节省灭弧所需空间，进一步提高直流接触器100的分断性能。
在本申请实施例中，驱动系统50包括驱动组件51和移动组件52，参见图4所示，移动组件52包括支撑杆521和与支撑杆521连接的移动板522，移动板522位于灭弧腔体12内，且两组触点组件11的动触头111设置在移动板522上，即第一动触头111a、第二动触头111b、第三动触头111c和第四动触头111d设置在移动板522上，驱动组件51用于驱动移动组件52移动以带动动触头111移动，具体的，驱动组件51可以驱动移动组件52中的支撑杆521发生上下移动，支撑杆521带动移动板522移动，进而带动移动板522上的动触头111朝向靠近或远离静触头112的方向移动，实现动触头111和静触头112的通断。
参见图12所示，移动板522为具有一定面积的板状结构，与现有的将动触头设置在连接杆上相比，移动板522可以提供更高的强度，具有更高的机械强度，有助于提高直流接触器100的可靠性。
移动板522和支撑杆521可以是一体成型，或者支撑杆521和移动板522可以是分体设置，具体的，支撑杆521和移动板522可以通过螺纹连接、焊接或者是粘接等方式固定连接。
其中，在本申请实施例中，当动触头111与静触头112断开时，第一隔挡件13与移动板522之间具有间隙，间隙的存在为移动板522提供了活动空间，保证移动板522可以移动从而带动动触头111移动。
由于第一隔挡件13与移动板522之间具有间隙，第一灭弧室121或第二灭弧室122其中一个内产生的电弧可能会通过该间隙串到其中另一个内，发生电弧的集聚、短路等问题。因此，在本申请实施例中，参见图6所示，在移动板522上具有第二隔挡件5221，第二隔挡件5221位于间隙的外侧，以保证第二隔挡件5221不影响移动板522的活动。第二隔挡件5221朝向第一隔挡件13延伸，且第二隔挡件5221与第一隔挡件13至少部分重叠，具体的，第二隔挡件5221朝向第一隔挡件13的一端与第一隔挡件13朝向第二隔挡件5221的一端部分重叠，使第二隔挡件5221可以遮盖该间隙，这样就进一步提高了第一灭弧室121和第二灭弧室122之间的密闭性，进一步降低了第一灭弧室121和第二灭弧室122内的电弧发生互串的几率，提高了直流接触器100的分断性能。
其中，以第一隔挡件13所在的平面为第一平面，第二隔挡件5221与第一隔挡件13至少部分重叠具体指，第二隔挡件5221在第一平面内的投影与第一隔挡件13至少部分重叠。
第二隔挡件5221可以是一个隔挡板，或者第二隔挡件5221也可以是具有隔挡板的结构件。移动板522上可以有一个第二隔挡件5221，或者也可以有多个第二隔挡件5221。
具体的，参见图12所示，移动板522上设置有凹槽5222，凹槽5222的侧壁形成第二隔挡件5221，第一隔挡件13可以伸入凹槽5222内，具体的，当移动板522向上移动以使动触头111与静触头112闭合时，第一隔挡件13可以伸入凹槽5222内。其中，凹槽5222具有两个侧壁和一个连接两个侧壁的底壁，凹槽5222的两个侧壁作为两个第二隔挡件5221，与第一隔挡件13共同实现对第一灭弧室121和第二灭弧室122的分离隔绝，同时凹槽5222的设置还可以增大第一动触头111a和第一静触头112a与第三动触头111c和第三静触头112c之间，以及第二动触头111b和第二静触头112b与第四动触头111d和第四静触头112d之间的爬电距离，有助于电弧的及时熄灭，提高直流接触器100的分断性。
其中，凹槽5222可以与移动板522一体成型，或者凹槽5222可以是分体成型后设置在移动板522上，凹槽5222与移动板522的设置方式可以是卡设、粘接、焊接以及螺纹紧固等。
在本申请实施例中，在动触头111与静触头112相对的位置处会产生电弧，而在两个动触头111连接的位置处电弧的影响较小，因此，参见图5所示，可以仅在移动板522上与两个动触头111相对的位置处分别设置有第二隔挡件5221，而在与动触头111连接处相对的位置可以不设置第二隔挡件5221，这样能够简化移动组件52的结构，同时也能够降低成本。
参见图2所示，驱动系统50还包括驱动室53，驱动组件51位于驱动室53内。参见图4所示，支撑杆521一端位于驱动室53内，支撑杆521的另一端延伸到灭弧腔体12内，其中，驱动室53可以与壳体10连接，具体的，驱动室53可以与壳体10公用底板30，即底板30作为驱动室53的一个侧壁。底板30上可以具有通孔，支撑杆521的另一端可以通过该通孔伸入灭弧腔体12内。
在本申请实施例中，参见图4所示，驱动组件51可以包括套设在支撑杆521上的静铁芯511和动铁芯512，静铁芯511位于支撑杆521靠近底板30的一端，动铁芯512位于支撑杆521远离底板30的一端，且动铁芯512与支撑杆521固定连接，静铁芯511与驱动室53壳体固定连接，静铁芯511和动铁芯512之间具有间隙，在该间隙内设置有复位弹簧513，复位弹簧513套设在支撑杆521的外周上，复位弹簧513的一端抵接在动铁芯512上，复位弹簧513的另一端抵接在静铁芯511上。该驱动组件51还可以包括有环绕在静铁芯511和动铁芯512外周上的电磁线圈514，电磁线圈514通电时，静铁芯511和动铁芯512相互吸引。
在直流接触器100使用时，电磁线圈514通电，静铁芯511和动铁芯512相互吸引，而静铁芯511固定在驱动室53内，则动铁芯512就会克服复位弹簧513的弹性力朝向静铁芯511移动，同时带动支撑杆521移动，支撑杆521带动移动板522移动，进而带动移动板522上的动触头111朝向靠近静触头112的方向移动，并使动触头111和静触头112电接触，实现静触头112和动触头111的闭合。在电磁线圈514断电时，静铁芯511和动铁芯512间不存在磁吸力，在复位弹簧513的作用下动铁芯512就会 产生背离静铁芯511的移动，带动支撑杆521和移动板522移动，进而带动动触头111朝向远离静触头112的方向移动，使动触头111和静触头112分离，实现动触头111和静触头112的断开。
参见图7所示，触点组件11还包括动触桥113，两个动触头111通过动触桥113连接，具体的，两个动触头111位于动触桥113的两侧。参见图12所示，触点组件11还包括弹性件114，弹性件114位于动触桥113和移动板522之间，具体的，该弹性件114可以是弹簧。当移动板522移动并带动动触头111朝向靠近静触头112的方向移动时，首先动触头111会和静触头112抵接接触，移动板522继续移动，就会压缩位于移动板522和动触桥113之间的弹性件114，压缩的弹性件114就会给动触头111一个推动力，以使动触头111抵压在静触头112上，保证了动触头111和静触头112之间的可靠接触，提高动触头111和静触头112闭合连接的稳定性。
在现有的接触器中，动触头111和弹性件114采用轴孔套设的方式连接，具体的，动触头111与移动组件52之间具有连杆，连杆的一端穿过动触头111并与动触头111固定，连杆的另一端与移动组件52固定连接，弹性件114套设在连杆上，而采用这种轴孔套设的方式，需在动触头111上开孔，减小了动触头111的导电面积，降低导电能力。
而在本申请中，参见图12所示，触点组件11还可以包括U形的固定支架115，动触桥113和弹性件114位于固定支架115内，弹性件114位于动触桥113和移动板522之间，固定支架115的开口端设置在移动板522上，这样动触桥113和弹性件114就通过固定支架115设置在移动板522上，动触头111以及动触桥113上无需开设轴孔，避免了对触点组件11导电面积的影响，保证了触点组件11的导电性能，有助于提升触点组件11对电路的承载能力。
其中，为进一步稳固弹性件114，可以使移动板522和动触桥113上与弹性件114对应的位置具有第七凸起(未示出)，弹性件114的两端分别套设在该第七凸起的外周上，第七凸起可以对弹性件114起到限位以及导向的作用，避免弹性件114从动触桥113和移动板522之间滑落，还可避免弹性件114发生扭曲而无法压缩等现象。
固定支架115可以通过粘接、焊接、卡接以及螺纹连接等方式设置在移动板522上，具体的，在本申请实施例中，参见图12所示，在移动板522上可以具有凸出于移动板522所在平面的凸台5223，该凸台5223用于设置触点组件11，在该凸台5223的相对两个侧壁上可以具有凸起的第三卡件5224，在固定支架115的开口端可以具有能够与第三卡件5224配合的卡槽(未示出)，固定支架115的开口端可以通过卡槽与第三卡件5224的配合实现与移动板522的卡合固定，从而通过固定支架115将动触头111和弹性件114固定在移动板522上。
本申请实施例还提供一种车辆，至少包括上述任一的直流接触器100，该车辆可以为电动车/电动车辆(EV)、纯电动车辆(PEV/BEV)、混合动力车辆(HEV)、增程式电动车辆(REEV)、插电式混合动力车辆(PHEV)、新能源车辆(New Energy Vehicle)等。
该车辆还可以包括车体，和设置在车体上的配电盒，配电盒与该直流接触器100连接。该车辆还可以包括车轮、电机和传动部件等。
本申请实施例提供的一种车辆，通过包括上述直流接触器100，该直流接触器100通过单驱动的方式，在一个灭弧腔体内集成了两组触点组件，实现接触器与正负极线路的双联，简化了接触器的结构，且无需在正负极线路各设置一个接触器，显著的减小了充电装置的体积以及制造成本，实现了小型化高负载，有助于实现车辆的低成本和轻量化需求。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应作广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的相连或者两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
本申请实施例的说明书中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请实施例进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请实施例各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种直流接触器，其特征在于，包括壳体和设置在所述壳体内的两组触点组件，每组所述触点组件包括相连的两个动触头和与所述动触头相对的两个静触头，所述静触头延伸到所述壳体外；
    所述壳体内具有灭弧腔体，所述灭弧腔体内设置有第一隔挡件，所述第一隔挡件将所述灭弧腔体分割成第一灭弧室和第二灭弧室，两个所述触点组件分别设置在所述第一灭弧室和所述第二灭弧室内；
    还包括驱动系统，所述驱动系统与两组所述触点组件的所述动触头连接，所述驱动系统用于驱动所述动触头朝向靠近或远离所述静触头的方向移动，以使所述动触头与所述静触头断开或闭合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述第一灭弧室外与两个所述动触头相邻的两侧分别设置有第一磁体和第二磁体，所述第一磁体和所述第二磁体相吸并形成第一磁场，且所述第一磁体和所述第二磁体与所述动触头和所述静触头之间的间隙相对；
    所述第二灭弧室外与两个所述动触头相邻的两侧分别设置有第三磁体和第四磁体，所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体相吸并形成第二磁场，且所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体与所述动触头和所述静触头之间的间隙相对；
    所述第一磁场和所述第二磁场的磁场方向与流经所述静触头和所述动触头的电流方向垂直，且所述第一磁场的磁场方向和所述第二磁场的磁场方向相反。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，还包括安装支架，所述安装支架包括相对设置的第一支架和第二支架，所述第一支架和所述第二支架围设在所述壳体的外周上，所述第一磁体和所述第二磁体设置在所述第一支架的内侧壁上，所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体设置在所述第二支架的内侧壁上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述第一支架和所述第二支架为U形支架，所述U形支架的侧壁上具有第一卡件，所述U形支架开口的端部具有朝向开口内凸起的第二卡件，所述第一磁体、所述第二磁体、所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体中的至少一个通过所述第一卡件和所述第二卡件设置在所述U形支架上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，还包括外壳，所述安装支架位于所述外壳内，所述第一磁体、所述第二磁体、所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体中的至少一个的侧边或拐角处具有缺口，所述外壳的内侧壁上具有与所述缺口对应的第一凸起。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述第一卡件与所述动触头相邻，所述外壳与所述静触头相邻的一端内壁上具有第二凸起，所述第一磁体、所述第二磁体、所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体中的至少一个的侧壁与所述第二凸起的侧壁抵接。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6任一所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述第一支架和所述第二支架为具有导磁性能的导磁板。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7任一所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述第一磁体、所述 第二磁体、所述第三磁体和所述第四磁体为永磁体。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，还包括底板，所述壳体设置在所述底板上，所述壳体与所述底板围成所述灭弧腔体。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述壳体与所述底板通过连接件连接。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述第一隔挡件朝向所述第一灭弧室的侧壁上具有第三凸起，所述第一隔挡件朝向所述第二灭弧室的侧壁上具有第四凸起。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述第一灭弧室与所述第一隔挡件相对的一侧侧壁上具有第五凸起，所述第二灭弧室与所述第一隔挡件相对的一侧侧壁上具有第六凸起。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述驱动系统包括驱动组件和移动组件，所述移动组件包括支撑杆和与所述支撑杆连接的移动板，所述移动板位于所述灭弧腔体内，且两组所述触点组件的所述动触头设置在所述移动板上；
    所述驱动组件用于驱动所述移动组件移动以带动所述动触头移动，且当所述动触头与所述静触头断开时，所述第一隔挡件与所述移动板之间具有间隙。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述移动板上具有第二隔挡件，所述第二隔挡件位于所述间隙的外侧，所述第二隔挡件朝向所述第一隔挡件延伸，且所述第二隔挡件与所述第一隔挡件至少部分重叠。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述移动板上设置有凹槽，所述凹槽的侧壁形成所述第二隔挡件，所述第一隔挡件伸入所述凹槽内。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述移动板上与两个所述动触头相对的位置处分别设置有所述第二隔挡件。
  17. 根据权利要求13-16任一所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述驱动系统还包括驱动室，所述驱动组件位于所述驱动室内，所述支撑杆一端位于所述驱动室内，所述支撑杆的另一端延伸到所述灭弧腔体内。
  18. 根据权利要求13-17任一所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述触点组件还包括动触桥和弹性件，两个所述动触头通过所述动触桥连接，所述弹性件位于所述动触桥和所述移动板之间。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的直流接触器，其特征在于，所述触点组件还包括U形的固定支架，所述动触桥和所述弹性件位于所述固定支架内，所述固定支架的开口端设置在所述移动板上。
  20. 一种车辆，其特征在于，至少包括上述权利要求1-19任一所述的直流接触器。
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