WO2021253162A1 - 一种布瓦西坦的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种布瓦西坦的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2021253162A1
WO2021253162A1 PCT/CN2020/096111 CN2020096111W WO2021253162A1 WO 2021253162 A1 WO2021253162 A1 WO 2021253162A1 CN 2020096111 W CN2020096111 W CN 2020096111W WO 2021253162 A1 WO2021253162 A1 WO 2021253162A1
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compound
acid
methanol
base
controlled
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PCT/CN2020/096111
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French (fr)
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王臻
柯春龙
刘君锋
张鹏
李启超
朱国荣
屠勇军
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浙江天宇药业股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/096111 priority Critical patent/WO2021253162A1/zh
Priority to US18/009,877 priority patent/US20230242481A1/en
Priority to EP20940573.7A priority patent/EP4166540A1/en
Publication of WO2021253162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021253162A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/12—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B53/00—Asymmetric syntheses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C237/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups
    • C07C237/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C237/04—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
    • C07C237/10—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to an acyclic carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
    • C07C303/26—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of esters of sulfonic acids
    • C07C303/28—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of esters of sulfonic acids by reaction of hydroxy compounds with sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
    • C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/27—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/07—Optical isomers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of drug synthesis, in particular to a preparation method of Buwaxitan.
  • Brivaracetam its chemical name is (S)-2-((R)-2-oxo-4-propylpyrrolin-1-yl)butanamide, and its chemical structure is as follows:
  • Buwaxitan is a third-generation anti-epileptic drug newly developed by the Belgian pharmaceutical manufacturer UCB. It is a new type of synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) high-affinity ligand. It is also effective for voltage-dependent sodium ion channels. Has a certain inhibitory effect.
  • SV2A synaptic vesicle protein 2A
  • Buwaxitan was approved by the FDA for the treatment of epileptic seizures. The results of the study showed that Buwaxitan has a good effect on generalized seizures.
  • UCB Company discloses a preparation method of Buwaxitan in the document Org.Process Res.Dev.2016, 20, 1566-1575.
  • the synthetic route of the method is shown below, wherein Through condensation with tert-butyl bromoacetate, decarboxylation is used to synthesize tert-butyl ⁇ -carbomethoxyhexanoate, and the resulting tert-butyl ⁇ -carbomethoxyhexanoate is hydrolyzed and resolved under the action of lipase. The yield is 42%.
  • ⁇ -Carboxyhexanoic acid tert-butyl ester of R configuration is obtained at a high rate, and then the ⁇ -propylbutyrolactone of R configuration is obtained by reductive cyclization.
  • ⁇ -bromomethyl hexanoic acid ethyl ester and S-2 - The yield of aminobutanamide during condensation is only 32%, which leads to an increase in overall production costs.
  • Patent CN108503610 discloses a preparation method of Buwaxitan intermediate.
  • the synthetic route of the method is as follows, wherein oxazolinone chiral auxiliary reagent is used to induce the ortho-position of valeramide into chiral cyanomethyl group, and then Reducing the corresponding amide to obtain R-3-hydroxymethylcapronitrile, and finally acidifying the ring to obtain ⁇ -propylbutyrolactone in R configuration.
  • This method requires a chiral auxiliary reagent to obtain R-3-hydroxymethylcapronitrile, and the chiral auxiliary reagent needs to be removed after introduction, and the atom economy is not high.
  • the existing methods for synthesizing Buwaxitan through ⁇ -propylbutyrolactone with intermediate R configuration mainly have the following shortcomings:
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing Buwaxitan that overcomes the deficiencies of the existing technology, is simpler, more economical, environmentally friendly, and suitable for industrialization, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 In an organic solvent, under the action of lithium bromide, demethoxycarbonyl compound 2 (2-cyanomethyl-2-propylmalonate) is converted to compound 3 (2-cyanomethylpentanoic acid).
  • demethoxycarbonyl compound 2 (2-cyanomethyl-2-propylmalonate) is converted to compound 3 (2-cyanomethylpentanoic acid).
  • the organic solvent is selected from DMF and/or DMSO, preferably DMF;
  • the molar ratio of compound 2 to lithium bromide is 1:0.9 to 1.5, preferably 1:1.0;
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 120-150°C, preferably 130-140°C;
  • Step 2 Enzymatically hydrolyze compound 3 under the action of porcine pancreatic lipase to obtain compound 4 (optically pure R-2-cyanomethylvaleric acid);
  • the CAS registration number of the porcine pancreatic lipase is 9001-62-1;
  • the mass ratio (g/g) of compound 3 and porcine pancreatic lipase is 1:0.4-1.0, preferably, 1:0.5;
  • reaction pH is controlled at 8.0 ⁇ 8.1;
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 25 to 35°C, preferably 28 to 33°C;
  • Step 3 In the presence of acid, compound 4 is subjected to methyl esterification reaction with methanol to obtain compound 5 (methyl R-2-cyanomethylvalerate);
  • the acid used is one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and methanesulfonic acid, preferably a 30% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution;
  • the molar ratio of compound 4 to acid is 1:0.2 to 0.3, preferably 1:0.25;
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 30-50°C, preferably 35-45°C;
  • Step 4 In an organic solvent, reduce compound 5 to compound 6 (R-2-hydroxymethylcapronitrile) under the action of sodium borohydride/methanol;
  • the organic solvent is selected from tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, etc., preferably tetrahydrofuran;
  • the molar ratio of compound 6 to sodium borohydride and methanol is 1:1 to 3:5 to 9, preferably 1:2:7;
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 30 ⁇ 60°C, preferably 40 ⁇ 50°C;
  • Step 5 In the presence of a base, compound 6 is sulfonylated with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride to obtain compound 7;
  • the molar ratio of compound 6 to p-toluenesulfonyl chloride is 1:1.0 to 1.5, preferably 1:1.4;
  • the base used is selected from one or more of triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, potassium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide, preferably triethylamine;
  • the molar ratio of compound 6 to base is 1:2 to 4, preferably 1:3;
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 15-30°C, preferably 20-25°C;
  • Step 6 In an organic solvent, in the presence of a base and tetrabutylammonium iodide, compound 7 is condensed with S-2-aminobutanamide to obtain compound 8;
  • the organic solvent is selected from one or more of acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and toluene, preferably acetonitrile;
  • the base is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, triethylamine, and diisopropylethylamine;
  • the molar ratio of compound 7, base, S-2-aminobutanamide and tetrabutylammonium iodide is 1:2.0 ⁇ 4.0:1.0 ⁇ 2.0:0.2 ⁇ 1.0, preferably 1:2.3:1.7:0.5;
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 70-90°C, preferably 80-85°C;
  • Step 7 In the presence of acid, compound 8 is cyclized in methanol to obtain compound 9 (broiracetam acid);
  • the acid used is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrobromic acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, etc., preferably a 30% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution;
  • the mass ratio (g/g) of compound 8 and acid is 1:10-20, preferably 1:15;
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 40 ⁇ 70°C, preferably 50 ⁇ 55°C;
  • Step 8 In an organic solvent, in the presence of an activator, amidate compound 9 with ammonia gas to obtain compound 1 (broiracetam);
  • the activator is selected from pivaloyl chloride
  • the molar ratio of compound 9 to the activator is 1:1.1-1.8, preferably 1:1.5;
  • the organic solvent is selected from dichloromethane, toluene, etc., preferably dichloromethane;
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at -5 to 15°C, preferably 0 to 10°C.
  • the present invention obtains optically pure R-2-cyanomethylvaleric acid stereospecifically through the enzyme resolution process, the reaction conditions are mild, and chemical resolution is not required, which is beneficial to construct the Buwaxitan lactam ring Chirality.
  • the present invention can obtain Buwaracetam acid by direct acid cyclization of compound 8, which has outstanding advantages of step economy, and has a high cyclization yield, which significantly reduces the production cost of the bulk drug.
  • reaction conditions of each step of the present invention are mild, the steps are economical, and the yield is high, which effectively reduces the cost, and is suitable for industrialized production.
  • the solvents and reagents used in the present invention are all purchased from Aladdin Reagent Company, and the reagents are all analytically pure; the optical rotation of the present invention is measured on the Anton Paar automatic polarimeter MCP5300; the high resolution mass spectrometry data uses Waters Xevo G2-S QTof high resolution Measured by mass spectrometer; NMR spectrum data was measured by Bruker AVANCE III HD 400M; HPLC purity was measured by Agilent 1260 high-performance liquid chromatograph.
  • the aqueous layer was washed twice with 540 mL ethyl acetate each time.
  • the combined ethyl acetate layer was washed three times with 900 mL water each time.
  • the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and decomposed under reduced pressure. After drying off, 32.0 g of compound 4 was obtained as a colorless oil, with a yield of 79%.
  • compound 7 (10.4g, 37mmol, 1.0eq), tetrabutylammonium iodide (6.8g, 18.5mmol), sodium carbonate (8.7g, 82.1mmol, 2.3eq), S- 2-Aminobutanamide (6.6g, 64.6mmol, 1.7eq), acetonitrile (85mL), heat to 80 ⁇ 85°C, reflux and keep for 4 ⁇ 5 hours, after the reaction is complete, cool to 10 ⁇ 20°C, filter, filter cake with acetic acid Isopropyl ester (85 mL) was rinsed, and the filtrate was washed three times with 85 mL of water each time.
  • Mobile phase A Buffer: 0.1% perchloric acid aqueous solution
  • Mobile phase B Acetonitrile : Buffer (0.1% perchloric acid aqueous solution) (90: 10, V/V); Diluent: water: acetonitrile (60: 40, V/V); flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength: 215 nm), Chiral purity de%: 99.2% (chiral HPLC chromatographic conditions: Column: Chiralpak AD-H (Make: Daicel), (250x 4.6) mm, 5 ⁇ .
  • Mobile phase n-hexane: isopropanol: diethylamine ( 850: 150: 0.2, V/V/V).

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种布瓦西坦的制备方法，该方法的合成路线如下所示。所述布瓦西坦制备方法简捷、经济、环境友好、适合工业化。

Description

一种布瓦西坦的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及药物合成领域，具体涉及一种布瓦西坦的制备方法。
背景技术
布瓦西坦(Brivaracetam)，其化学名称为(S)-2-((R)-2-氧代-4-丙基吡咯啉-1-基)丁酰胺，化学结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000001
布瓦西坦是由比利时制药商UCB最新开发的第III代抗癫痫药物，是一种新型的突触囊泡蛋白2A(SV2A)高亲和性配体，同时对电压依赖性钠离子通道亦有一定的抑制作用。2016年，布瓦西坦获得FDA批准用于治疗癫痫发作，研究结果表明布瓦西坦对于全身性癫痫发作具有较好的疗效。
UCB公司在文献Org.Process Res.Dev.2016,20,1566-1575中公开了一种布瓦西坦的制备方法，该方法的合成路线如下所示，其中将丙基丙二酸二甲酯和溴乙酸叔丁酯通过缩合，脱羧合成β-甲酯基己酸叔丁酯，在脂肪酶的作用下将所得β-甲酯基己酸叔丁酯进行水解拆分，以42％的收率获得R构型的β-羧基己酸叔丁酯，随后还原环化获得R构型的β-丙基丁内酯，然而，在最后步骤β-溴甲基己酸乙酯与S-2-氨基丁酰胺缩合时收率仅为32％，导致整体生产成本升高。
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000002
专利CN108503610公开了一种布瓦西坦中间体的制备方法，该方法的合成路线如下所示，其中采用恶唑啉酮手性辅助试剂诱导将戊酰胺邻位引入手性的氰甲基，而后还原相应的酰胺获得R-3-羟甲基己腈，最后酸化关环获得R构型的β-丙基丁内酯。此方法需通过手性辅助试剂获得R-3-羟甲基己腈，手性辅助试剂引入后还需脱除，原子经济性不高。
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000003
综上所述，现有的通过中间体R构型的β-丙基丁内酯来合成布瓦西坦的方法主要存在如下不足：
1)酶拆分工艺所得中间体R构型的β-丙基丁内酯在后续转化为布瓦西坦的过程中收率很低，导致综合生产成本偏高。
2)R-3-羟甲基己腈合成需使用价格昂贵的恶唑啉酮手性辅助试剂，导致生产成本升高，且在合成过程中又需脱除手性辅助试剂，原料利用率较低，原子经济性不高。
为了克服现有工艺的不足，需开发更为简捷的、经济的、环境友好的、适合工业化的布瓦西坦的合成方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种克服现有工艺不足的，更为简捷、经济、环境友好、适合工业化的布瓦西坦的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000004
步骤1：在有机溶剂中，在溴化锂的作用下将化合物2(2-氰甲基-2-丙基丙二酸二甲酯)脱甲氧羰基转化为化合物3(2-氰甲基戊酸甲酯)；
所述有机溶剂选自DMF和/或DMSO，优选DMF；
化合物2和溴化锂的摩尔比为1：0.9～1.5，优选1：1.0；
反应温度控制在120～150℃，优选130～140℃；
步骤2：在猪胰脂肪酶作用下将化合物3进行酶水解，得到化合物4(光学纯的R-2-氰甲基戊酸)；
所述猪胰脂肪酶的CAS登记号为9001-62-1；
化合物3和猪胰脂肪酶的质量比(g/g)为1：0.4～1.0，优选，1：0.5；
反应pH控制在8.0～8.1；
反应温度控制在25～35℃，优选28～33℃；
步骤3：在酸的存在下，将化合物4与甲醇发生甲酯化反应得到化合物5(R-2-氰甲基戊酸甲酯)；
所用的酸为盐酸、硫酸、甲磺酸中的一种或多种，优选30％盐酸水溶液；
化合物4与酸的摩尔比为1：0.2～0.3，优选1：0.25；
反应温度控制在30～50℃，优选35～45℃；
步骤4：在有机溶剂中，将化合物5在硼氢化钠/甲醇的作用下还原为化合物6(R-2-羟甲基己腈)；
所述有机溶剂选自四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃等，优选四氢呋喃；
化合物6和硼氢化钠、甲醇的摩尔比为1：1～3：5～9，优选1：2：7；
反应温度控制在30～60℃，优选40～50℃；
步骤5：在碱的存在下，将化合物6与对甲苯磺酰氯发生磺酰化，得到化合物7；
化合物6和对甲苯磺酰氯的摩尔比为1：1.0～1.5，优选1：1.4；
所用的碱选自三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、碳酸钾、氢氧化钠中的一种或多种，优选三乙胺；
化合物6与碱的摩尔比为1：2～4，优选1：3；
反应温度控制在15～30℃，优选20～25℃；
步骤6：在有机溶剂中，在碱和四丁基碘化铵的存在下，将化合物7与S-2-氨基丁酰胺进行缩合，得到化合物8；
所述有机溶剂选自乙腈、二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸异丙酯、乙酸乙酯、甲苯中的一种或多种，优选乙腈；
所述碱选自碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺中的一种或多种；
化合物7、碱、S-2-氨基丁酰胺和四丁基碘化铵的摩尔比为1：2.0～4.0：1.0～2.0：0.2～1.0，优选1：2.3：1.7：0.5；
反应温度控制在70～90℃，优选80～85℃；
步骤7：在酸的存在下，将化合物8在甲醇中环合，得到化合物9(布瓦西坦酸)；
所用的酸为盐酸、硫酸、氢溴酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸等，优选30％盐酸水溶液；
化合物8和酸的质量比(g/g)为1:10～20，优选1:15；
反应温度控制在40～70℃，优选50～55℃；
步骤8：在有机溶剂中，在活化剂存在的条件下，将化合物9与氨气进行酰胺化反应，得到化合物1(布瓦西坦)；
所述活化剂选自特戊酰氯；
化合物9和活化剂的摩尔比为1：1.1-1.8，优选1：1.5；
所述有机溶剂选自二氯甲烷、甲苯等，优选二氯甲烷；
反应温度控制在-5～15℃，优选0～10℃。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明通过酶拆分工艺立体专一性地获得光学纯的R-2-氰甲基戊酸，反应条件温和，且无需进行化学拆分，有利于构建布瓦西坦内酰胺环的手性。
(2)本发明通过化合物8可直接酸性环合获得布瓦西坦酸，具有突出的步骤经济型优势，且环合收率较高，显著降低原料药的生产成本。
(3)本发明各步骤反应条件温和、步骤经济、收率较高，有效降低了成本，适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
本发明所有仪器试剂信息如下：
本发明所用溶剂、试剂均购自阿拉丁试剂公司，所述试剂均为分析纯；本发明旋光度在Anton Paar自动旋光仪MCP5300上测得；高分辨质谱数据使用Waters Xevo G2-S QTof高分辨质谱仪测得；核磁共振波谱数据使用Bruker AVANCE III HD 400M测得；HPLC纯度采用Agilent 1260高效液相色谱仪测得。
参考例：化合物2的合成
氮气保护下向3L四口瓶中投入丙基丙二酸二甲酯(300.0g，1.72mol，1.0eq)、THF(600mL)，碳酸钾(276g，2mol，1.16eq)，降温至-15～-5℃，于-15～-5℃滴加溴乙腈(227.3g，1.9mol，1.1eq)/THF(300mL)溶液，滴加时间2～3小时，滴完保温1小时，升温至0～10℃，保温1小时。反应完，于0～10℃滴加饱和NH 4Cl水溶液(300mL)，滴加时间0.5～1小时。于40～45℃减压脱溶，脱去THF。脱干后加入CH 2Cl 2(1.2L)，水(300mL)，30g活性炭于20～25℃搅拌30分钟，过滤，有机层用饱和NH 4Cl水溶液洗涤两次，每次600mL饱和NH 4Cl水溶液。合并水层用CH 2Cl 2洗涤两次，每次600mLCH 2Cl 2，再合并有机层用水洗涤两次，每次600mL水。有机层减压脱溶得349.0g为无色油状物的化合物2，收率95％。ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 10H 16NO 4[M+H +]理论计算值：214.1074，实测值：214.1068； 1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl 3)δ3.79(s,6H),2.96(s,2H),2.06(m,2H),1.25(q,J＝7.2Hz,2H),0.98(t,J＝7.2Hz,3H)； 13CNMR(100Hz,CDCl 3)δ169.3,116.3,11.5,53.3,35.0,21.9,17.6,14.0.
实施例1：化合物3的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000005
向1L四口瓶投入化合物2(130g，0.61mol，1.0eq)，LiBr(53g，0.61mol，1.0eq)，DMF(650mL)和水(22.0g，1.22mol，2.0eq)，升温至130～140℃，保温4小时，反应完，降温至10～20℃，控温10～20℃加入饱和NH 4Cl水溶液 (260mL)，甲苯(780mL)搅拌30分钟，静置分层，水层用甲苯(400mL)洗涤一次，合并有机层，用水洗涤两次，每次390mL水，静置分层，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥后减压脱溶至干，得86.7g为无色油状物的化合物3，收率92％。ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 8H 14NO 2[M+H +]理论计算值：156.1019，实测值：154.1023； 1HNMR(400MHz，d 6-丙酮)δ3.70(s,3H),2.82(m,1H),2.73(m,2H),1.70-1.62(m,2H),1.36(m,2H),0.92(t,J＝7.2Hz,3H)； 13CNMR(100Hz,d 6-丙酮)δ174.1,118.9,52.3,41.9,34.2,20.4,14.1.
实施例2：化合物4的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000006
向2L四口瓶中投入三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷(2.7g)，水(720mL)，开启搅拌用1.0M HCl调pH至8.1左右，加入猪胰脂肪酶(45.0g)，升温至28～33℃，加入按照实施例1方法制备的化合物3(90.0g，0.58mol，1.0eq)，THF(90mL)，控温28～33℃，用1.0M NaOH溶液调pH至8.0～8.1，保温14～18小时，反应完，加入硅藻土(45.0g)搅拌30分钟，过滤，滤渣用450mL乙酸乙酯打浆过滤，合并滤液分层，水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤3次，每次450mL乙酸乙酯，水层降温至0～5℃，用1.0M H 2SO 4(248g)调pH至1.9～2.1，调完升温至20～25℃，加入45g硅藻土，900mL乙酸乙酯搅拌30分钟，过滤，滤液分层，水层用乙酸乙酯洗涤两次，每次540mL乙酸乙酯，合并乙酸乙酯层用水洗涤三次，每次900mL水，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥减压脱溶，脱干后得32.0g为无色油状物的化合物4，收率79％。[α] D 25：+21.6°(c＝1.0g/100mL，氯仿)；ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 7H 10NO 2[M-H +]理论计算值：140.0717，实测值：140.0722； 1HNMR(400MHz，CDCl 3)δ2.86-2.79(m,1H),2.74-2.67(m,1H),2.63-2.54(m,1H),1.85-1.78(m,1H),1.72-1.65(m,1H),1.49-1.38(m,2H),0.95(t,J＝7.2Hz,3H)； 13CNMR(100Hz,CDCl 3)δ117.6,70.5,41.1,33.1,19.7,18.9,13.7.
实施例3：化合物5的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000007
向250ml四口瓶中投入化合物4(32.0g，0.23mol，1.0eq)，甲醇(128mL)，精制30％盐酸水溶液(5.8g，0.058mol，0.25eq)，升温至35～45℃保温20小时，反应完，于40～45℃减压脱去甲醇，脱干后加入320mL二氯甲烷，水320ml，搅拌10分钟，静置分层，水层用1600mL二氯甲烷洗涤一次，静置分层，合并有机层，有机层用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤两次，有机层再用320ml饱和NaHCO 3水溶液洗涤一次后静置分层，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥减压脱溶得32.6g为无色油状物的化合物5，收率93％。ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 8H 14NO 2[M+H +]理论计算值：156.1019，实测值：154.1016； 1HNMR(400MHz，d 6-丙酮)δ3.72(s,3H),2.84(m,1H),2.75(m,2H),1.73-1.62(m,2H),1.38(m,2H),0.92(t,J＝7.2Hz,3H)； 13CNMR(100Hz,d 6-丙酮)δ174.2,119.0,52.4,42.0,34.3,20.5,14.2.
实施例4：化合物6的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000008
氮气保护下向四口瓶中投入化合物5(32.5g,0.21mol，1.0eq)，THF(325mL)控温10～20℃，分批加入硼氢化钠(15.9g，0.42mol，2.0eq)，加完保温30分钟，升温至30～40℃滴加甲醇(46.9g，1.46mol，7eq)，滴完升温至40～50℃保温4～5小时，反应完，降温至0～10℃，滴加1.0M HCl溶液调pH至7.3～7.9，复测不变，料液于40～50℃减压脱溶，脱干后加入320mL水，320mL乙酸乙酯搅拌20分钟，过滤后滤液静置分层，水层用320mL乙酸乙酯洗涤一次，合并乙酸乙酯层，水洗三次，每次用320mL水，静置分层，乙酸乙酯层用无水硫酸钠干燥，减压脱溶，脱干后得20.7g为无色油状物的化合物6，收率78％。[α] D 25：+13.6°(c＝1.0g/100mL，甲醇)；ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 7H 14NO[M+H +]理论计算值：128.1070，实测值：128.1075； 1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ:3.72(dd,J＝10.8,4.4Hz,1H), 3.55(dd,J＝10.8,7.5Hz,1H),2.49(d,J＝5.8Hz,2H),2.01(s,1H),1.97–1.85(m,1H),1.51–1.30(m,4H),0.94(dd,J＝9.5,4.0Hz,3H).
实施例5：化合物7的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000009
氮气保护下向四口瓶中投入化合物6(16.0g，0.12mol，1.0eq)，二氯甲烷(160mL)，控温0～5℃，滴加三乙胺(38.2g，0.38mol，3.0eq)，滴加时间0.5～1小时，滴完保温30分钟，滴加对甲苯磺酰氯(33.6g，0.18mol，1.4eq)二氯甲烷(160mL)溶液，滴加时间1～2小时，滴完升温至20～25℃保温12～16小时，反应完，降温至0～10℃，加入碳酸氢钠水溶液(碳酸氢钠15.0g,水200mL),升温至20～25℃保温30分钟，静置分层，水层用160mL二氯甲烷洗涤一次，合并有机层，碳酸氢钠水溶液洗三次，每次用(碳酸氢钠15.0g，水200mL)，有机层水洗二次，每次用160mL水，洗完，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥减压脱溶，脱干后得33.6g为无色油状物的化合物7，收率95％。[α] D 25：+17.3°(c＝1.0g/100mL，氯仿)；ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 14H 20NO 3S[M+H +]理论计算值：282.1158，实测值：282.1165； 1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ：7.79(m,2H),7.36(m,2H),4.07(m,1H),3.92(m,1H),2.43(s,3H),2.39(m,2H),2.12(m,1H),1.38(m,2H),1.29(m,2H),0.88(m,3H)； 13C NMR(CDCl 3,100Hz)δ:145.2,132.4,130.0,127.9,117.4,70.5,35.0,31.8,21.6,19.6,19.2,13.8.
实施例6：化合物8的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000010
氮气保护下向四口瓶中投入化合物7(10.4g，37mmol，1.0eq)，四丁基碘化铵(6.8g,18.5mmol)，碳酸钠(8.7g，82.1mmol，2.3eq)，S-2-氨基丁酰胺(6.6g，64.6mmol，1.7eq)，乙腈(85mL)，升温至80～85℃回流保温4～5小时，反应完，降温至10～20℃，过滤，滤饼用乙酸异丙酯(85mL)淋洗，滤液水洗三次，每次85mL水，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥减压脱溶，脱干得6.9g为无色油状物的化合物8，收率88％。[α] D 25：-16.7°(c＝1.0g/100mL，氯仿)；ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 11H 22N 3O[M+H +]理论计算值：212.1757，实测值：212.1752； 1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl 3)δ:6.73(s,1H),6.42(s,1H),2.88(m,1H),2.62(m,1H),2.51-2.32(m,3H),1.75(m,1H),1.62-1.51(m,2H),1.34-1.21(m,5H),0.89-0.82(m,6H). 13C NMR(CDCl 3,100Hz)δ:177.5,118.7,64.1,51.1,35.5,33.5,26.2,19.9,19.6,9.9,7.5.
实施例7：化合物8的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000011
氮气保护下向四口瓶中投入化合物7(10.4g，37mmol，1.0eq)，四丁基碘化铵(6.8g,18.5mmol)，二异丙基乙胺(10.6g，82.1mmol，2.3eq)，(S)-2-氨基丁酰胺(6.6g，64.6mmol，1.7eq)，乙腈(85mL)，升温至80～85℃回流保温4～5小时，反应完，降温至10～20℃，加入100mL水和100mL乙酸乙酯，分层后有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥，减压脱溶，脱干得6.3g为无色油状物的化合物8，收率80％。所得油状物的表征数据与实施例6一致。
实施例8：化合物9的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000012
氮气保护下向四口瓶中投入化合物8(11.6g，55mmol，1.0eq)，精制30％盐酸水溶液(87mL)，甲醇(116mL)，升温50～55℃保温16小时，反应完，降温至0～10℃，滴加20％氢氧化钠溶液至pH为12～14，再升温至20～25℃，保温4小时，减压浓缩，在残余物中加入300mL水，用二氯甲烷提取三次，每次200mL二氯甲烷，水层用1M盐酸调pH至1-2，二氯甲烷提取三次，每次300mL二氯甲烷，合并后的二氯甲烷层用无水硫酸钠干燥，减压脱除二氯甲烷，真空干燥后得9.3g为白色固体的化合物9，收率80％。[α] D 25：-26.1°(c＝1.0g/100mL，氯仿)；ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 11H 20NO 3[M+H +]理论计算值：214.1438，实测值：214.1445； 1H NMR(CDCl 3,400MHz)δ:11.22(br,1H),4.59(m,1H),3.36(m,1H),3.14(t,J＝8.3Hz,1H),2.52(m,1H),2.28(m,1H),2.12(m,1H),2.03(m,1H),1.64(m,1H),1.39(m,2H),1.28(m,2H),0.87(t,3H),0.85(t,3H)； 13C NMR(CDCl 3,100Hz)δ:175.9,173.0,54.3,48.4,36.6,35.4,31.1,20.9,19.6,13.0,9.8。
实施例9：布瓦西坦的合成
Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-000013
氮气保护下向四口瓶中投入按照实施例8方法制备的化合物9(10g，47mmol，1.0eq)，二氯甲烷(100mL)，三乙胺(11.9g，0.0118mol，2.5eq)，降温至0～5℃，滴加特戊酰氯(8.5g，71mmol，1.5eq)，反应完，通入氨气至饱和，于0～10℃，保温6小时，反应完，过滤，滤液水洗三次，每次300mL水，二氯甲烷层用无水硫酸钠干燥，减压脱溶，所得残余物用醋酸异丙酯：环己烷＝1:3重结晶，得8.8g化合物1，即，布瓦西坦，收率88％。纯度：99.9％(HPLC色谱条件：色谱柱：Inertsil ODS 3V(厂家：GL-Science),(250x 4.6)mm,5μ.流 动相A：缓冲液：0.1％高氯酸水溶液；流动相B：乙腈：缓冲液(0.1％高氯酸水溶液)(90：10,V/V)；稀释液：水：乙腈(60：40,V/V)；流速：1.0mL/min；检测波长：215nm)，手性纯度de％：99.2％(手性HPLC色谱条件：色谱柱：Chiralpak AD-H(Make:Daicel),(250x 4.6)mm,5μ.流动相：正己烷：异丙醇：二乙胺(850：150：0.2，V/V/V).稀释液：正己烷：异丙醇(80：20，V/V)；流速：1.0mL/min.检测波长：215nm.)。mp 74～76℃；[α] D 25：-60.2°(c＝1.0g/100mL，甲醇)；ESI-HRMS(m/z):C 11H 21N 2O 2[M+H +]理论计算值：213.1598，实测值：213.1594； 1H NMR(CDCl 3,400MHz)δ:6.71(s,1H),6.14(s,1H),4.51(dd,J＝9.0,6.4Hz,1H),3.61(dd,J＝9.6,8.0Hz,1H),3.00(dd,J＝9.7,6.7Hz,1H),2.53(dd,J＝14.8,8.5Hz,1H),2.39(m,1H),2.12(dd,J＝16.5,7.8Hz,1H),2.03(m,1H),1.70(m,1H),1.44-1.24(m,4H),0.94(t,3H),0.90(t,3H)； 13CNMR(CDCl 3,100Hz)δ:175.3,172.7,55.7,49.4,37.7,37.0,31.6,21.1,20.4,13.7,10.2.
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例，上述说明是示例性的，并非穷尽性的，并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种布瓦西坦的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
    Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-100001
    步骤1：在有机溶剂中，在溴化锂的作用下将化合物2脱甲氧羰基转化为化合物3；
    步骤2：在猪胰脂肪酶作用下将化合物3进行酶水解，得到化合物4；
    步骤3：在酸的存在下，将化合物4与甲醇发生甲酯化反应得到化合物5；
    步骤4：将化合物5在硼氢化钠/甲醇的作用下还原为化合物6；
    步骤5：在碱的存在下，将化合物6与对甲苯磺酰氯发生磺酰化，得到化合物7；
    步骤6：在碱和四丁基碘化铵的存在下，将化合物7与S-2-氨基丁酰胺进行缩合，得到化合物8；
    步骤7：在酸的存在下，将化合物8在甲醇中环合，得到化合物9；
    步骤8：在活化剂存在的条件下，将化合物9与氨气进行酰胺化反应，得到化合物1。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤1中，所述有机溶剂选自DMF和/或DMSO，优选DMF；反应温度控制在120～150℃，优选130～140℃。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中在步骤2中，所述猪胰脂肪酶的CAS登记号为9001-62-1；反应pH控制在8.0～8.1。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤3中，所用的酸为盐酸、硫酸、甲磺酸中的一种或多种，优选30％盐酸水溶液。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤4中，化合物6和硼氢化钠、甲醇的摩尔比为1：1～3：5～9，优选1：2：7。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤5中，所用的碱选自三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、碳酸钾、氢氧化钠中的一种或多种，优选三乙胺。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤6中，所述碱选自碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺中的一种或多种；化合物7、碱、S-2-氨基丁酰胺和四丁基碘化铵的摩尔比为1：2.0～4.0：1.0～2.0：0.2～1.0，优选1：2.3：1.7：0.5；反应温度控制在70～90℃，优选80～85℃。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤7中，反应温度控制在40～70℃，优选50～55℃。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤8中，所述活化剂选自特戊酰氯。
  10. 一种如下式所示的布瓦西坦中间体8
    Figure PCTCN2020096111-appb-100002
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