WO2021244445A1 - 雷达总成及车辆 - Google Patents

雷达总成及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021244445A1
WO2021244445A1 PCT/CN2021/096948 CN2021096948W WO2021244445A1 WO 2021244445 A1 WO2021244445 A1 WO 2021244445A1 CN 2021096948 W CN2021096948 W CN 2021096948W WO 2021244445 A1 WO2021244445 A1 WO 2021244445A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
groove
bumper body
radar assembly
piezoelectric ceramic
ultrasonic transducer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/096948
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈鹤文
丁逢
Original Assignee
中国第一汽车股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 filed Critical 中国第一汽车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2021244445A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021244445A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/521—Constructional features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B60R2011/0042—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by mounting means

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, such as a radar assembly and a vehicle.
  • the bumper is a safety protection device fixed on the front and rear parts of a variety of automobile bodies, and ultrasonic radar is usually set on the bumper.
  • ultrasonic radar usually penetrates the entire bumper and is exposed on the surface of the car bumper.
  • the ultrasonic radar on the bumper surface does not meet the user's aesthetic needs, and the user's experience is poor.
  • the ultrasonic radar is installed, it is necessary to open a mounting hole in the bumper.
  • the ultrasonic radar is installed on the bumper through the mounting hole. Punching a hole in the bumper will affect the strength of the bumper and reduce the reliability of the bumper.
  • the present application provides a radar assembly and a vehicle, which can improve the strength and reliability of the bumper, and has a more beautiful appearance and a better user experience.
  • a radar assembly including: a bumper body, the inner side of the bumper body is provided with a groove; a fixing bracket, the fixing bracket is arranged in the groove; an ultrasonic transducer The ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the fixed bracket, and the bumper body can vibrate simultaneously with the ultrasonic transducer to transmit ultrasonic waves.
  • an escape hole is provided on the fixing bracket, and the ultrasonic transducer is adhered to the bumper body through the escape hole.
  • the bumper body is manufactured by an injection molding process.
  • the opening of the groove is flared.
  • the groove includes: a fixing groove, a cross-sectional shape of the fixing groove is a circular structure, the fixing groove is configured to install the fixing bracket; a transition groove, the transition groove The groove ring is arranged around the fixed groove, and the groove wall of the transition groove is inclined outwardly from the groove bottom to form the flared opening.
  • the ultrasonic transducer includes: a housing, the housing is arranged on the fixing bracket; a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is arranged on the housing, And the piezoelectric ceramic sheet can abut against the bumper body; the limiting sheet, the limiting sheet is arranged on the side of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet away from the bumper body; the electrode sheet, the pressing The first end and the second end of the electric ceramic sheet are both provided with the electrode sheet.
  • one of the fixing bracket and the housing is provided with a card slot, and the other of the fixing bracket and the housing is provided with a card protrusion, the card protrusion It can be clamped in the card slot.
  • the fixing bracket is further provided with a positioning slot
  • the housing is provided with a positioning block, and the positioning block can be inserted into the positioning slot.
  • the bumper body includes a first part and a second part that are connected to each other, the first part is located inside the second part, and the groove is opened in the First part.
  • the application also provides a vehicle including the radar assembly as described in any of the above solutions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the bumper body of the radar assembly provided in the first embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic transducer of the radar assembly provided in the first embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the limiting sheet of the radar assembly provided in the first embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet of the radar assembly provided in the first embodiment of the present application in an extended state
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet of the radar assembly provided in the first embodiment of the present application in a contracted state
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing bracket of the radar assembly provided in the first embodiment of the present application from a viewing angle;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing bracket of the radar assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application from another perspective;
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the bumper body of the radar assembly provided in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • 3-ultrasonic transducer 31-housing; 311-card convex; 312-positioning block; 313-shielding ring; 32-piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 33-limiting sheet.
  • connection shall be interpreted broadly, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection shall be interpreted broadly, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • the "above” or “below” of the first feature of the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through other features between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the second feature of the first feature include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature include the first feature directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • the terms “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right” and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for ease of description and simplified operations. It does not indicate or imply that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.
  • the terms “first” and “second” are only used to distinguish them in description, and have no special meaning.
  • this embodiment provides a radar assembly, which includes a bumper body 1, a fixing bracket 2 and an ultrasonic transducer 3, wherein a groove 111 is provided on the inner side of the bumper body 1.
  • the fixed bracket 2 is arranged in the groove 111
  • the ultrasonic transducer 3 is arranged on the fixed bracket 2, and the bumper body 1 can vibrate simultaneously with the ultrasonic transducer 3 to transmit ultrasonic waves.
  • the bumper body 1 is arranged at the front and rear parts of the vehicle body, and the inner side of the bumper body 1 refers to the side close to the body.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 3 is arranged on the fixed bracket 2, and the fixed bracket 2 is arranged in the groove 111 inside the bumper body 1, so that the ultrasonic transducer 3 is completely hidden in the bumper body 1.
  • the inner side is not exposed, and the appearance is good, which can improve the comfort and experience of users.
  • the radar assembly does not need to drill holes in the bumper body 1 when installing the ultrasonic transducer 3, which makes the bumper body 1 stronger, more reliable and safer. high.
  • the bumper body 1 can vibrate simultaneously with the ultrasonic transducer 3 to transmit ultrasonic waves, which can prevent the ultrasonic waves from using the bumper body 1 as an obstacle to obtain erroneous information, and can avoid the bumper
  • the body 1 absorbs ultrasonic waves, so as to prevent the bumper body 1 from absorbing ultrasonic waves to reduce the energy of the ultrasonic waves and affect its transmission stroke.
  • the bumper body 1 is manufactured by an injection molding process. It is understandable that if a cylindrical groove 111 is provided on the bumper body 1, when the bumper body 1 is injection-molded, the thickness of the bumper body 1 at the position where the groove 111 is arranged changes suddenly. The phenomenon of shrinkage and depression will occur at this part, which will not only affect the aesthetics of the bumper body 1, but also affect the performance and service life of the bumper body 1.
  • the opening of the groove 111 is flared, that is, the groove 111 includes a fixing groove 1111 and a transition groove 1112.
  • the sectional shape of the fixing groove 1111 is a circular structure, and the fixing groove 1111 is provided for the installation of the fixing bracket 2.
  • the transition groove 1112 is arranged around the fixing groove 1111, and the groove wall of the transition groove 1112 is inclined from the inside to the outside to form the flaring of the groove 111.
  • the bumper body 1 has a gradually reduced structure at the position where the groove 111 is provided, so as to avoid the sudden change in the thickness of the bumper body 1 at the position where the groove 111 is provided. Injection molding process.
  • the bumper body 1 provided with the groove 111 has a beautiful appearance, is convenient for processing, and can improve the integrity of the bumper body 1.
  • the bumper body 1 is made of polyethylene at the position of the fixing groove 1111, which is conducive to the penetration of ultrasonic waves and reduces the loss of ultrasonic energy.
  • the bumper body 1 is made of polypropylene at the position of the transition groove 1112. Made of materials.
  • the fixing bracket 2 is adhered to the bumper body 1, and the fixing effect is good, and the processing cost is low.
  • the fixing bracket 2 and the bumper body 1 can also be an integral structure, which improves the fixing effect between the two, and saves the assembly links between multiple parts, and the assembly efficiency is higher.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 3 includes a housing 31, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32, a limiting sheet 33, and an electrode sheet.
  • the housing 31 is arranged on the fixed support 2, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 is arranged on the housing 31.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 can abut against the bumper body 1, the limiting sheet 33 is arranged on the side of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 away from the bumper body 1, and the first end and the second end of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 Both ends are provided with electrode sheets.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic plate 32 After the electrode plate at the first end of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 32 and the electrode plate at the second end of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 32 receive the excitation signal, an electric field is formed between the first end and the second end of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 32, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate 32 forms an electric field between the first end and the second end.
  • the ceramic sheet 32 shrinks or stretches under the action of the electric field pressure, thereby generating mechanical vibration (this type of vibration is called radial vibration) and emitting ultrasonic waves.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 is provided with a limiting piece 33 on the side away from the bumper body 1, the limiting piece 33 is made of metal material, which is difficult to deform. Therefore, as shown in Figs. 5-6, When the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 is stretched, due to the limitation of the limiting sheet 33, the side of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 close to the bumper body 1 will “bulge” and bulge. When the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 shrinks, Due to the limitation of the limit piece 33, the piezoelectric ceramic piece 32 will be “bulged” and dented on the side close to the bumper body 1.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic piece 32 During the alternating expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric ceramic piece 32, the piezoelectric ceramic piece 32 The "bulge" at the end close to the bumper body 1 alternately bulges and dents, that is, the radial vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 is converted into axial vibration, and the vibration amplitude is small, which makes the bumper body 1 vibrate.
  • the area of the area is small and the energy loss is small, so that the efficiency of the ultrasonic transducer 3 is high.
  • the limiting sheet 33 is welded to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32, which has a better fixing effect and has a better limiting effect on the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32.
  • one of the fixed bracket 2 and the housing 31 is provided with a card slot 221, and the other of the fixed bracket 2 and the housing 31 is provided with a card protrusion 311 (as shown in Figure 3),
  • the protrusion 311 can be clamped in the card slot 221.
  • the housing 31 is provided with a card protrusion 311, and the fixing bracket 2 is provided with a card slot 221.
  • the number of the card protrusions 311 and the card slots 221 are both two, the two card protrusions 311 are respectively provided on the first side and the second side of the housing 31, and the two card slots 221 are respectively provided on the second side of the fixing bracket 2.
  • the clamping protrusion 311 can be clamped in the corresponding clamping slot 221 to improve the clamping stability between the fixing bracket 2 and the ultrasonic transducer 3.
  • the fixed bracket 2 includes a bracket body 21 and a plurality of elastic arms 22.
  • the bracket body 21 has a stepped shaft structure.
  • the large-diameter end is bonded to the bumper body 1, which can increase the contact area between the fixed bracket 2 and the bumper body 1, and improve the adhesion effect.
  • the two opposite elastic arms 22 are provided with the above-mentioned card slots 221.
  • the card protrusion 311 and the card slot 221 are arranged opposite to each other, the card protrusion 311 will be locked into the card slot 221, and the plurality of elastic arms 22 will press against the housing under the action of elastic force.
  • the outer surface of 31 can also serve to fix the ultrasonic transducer 3.
  • the fixing bracket 2 is provided with a positioning slot 222
  • the housing 31 is provided with a positioning block 312.
  • the positioning block 312 can be inserted into the positioning slot 222 to achieve a gap between the fixing bracket 2 and the ultrasonic transducer 3. , And the positioning effect is better. It can be understood that the positioning groove 222 is formed between two adjacent elastic arms 22.
  • the bracket body 21 is provided with an escape hole 211, and the escape hole 211 is used to escape the ultrasonic transducer 3 so that the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 abuts against the bumper body 1 to reduce energy loss.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 passes through the avoiding hole 211 and adheres to the bumper body 1.
  • the outer circumference of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 is wrapped with a layer of plastic, which absorbs ultrasonic energy and causes partial loss of the ultrasonic energy.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 is exposed The outside is directly adhered to the bumper body 1, reducing the absorption of ultrasonic energy by the plastic parts.
  • a shielding ring 313 is further provided on the housing 31.
  • the shielding ring 313 is provided at one end of the housing 31 close to the bumper body 1.
  • the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 and the limiting sheet 33 are both located on the shielding ring.
  • the inside of 313 and the side of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 close to the bumper body 1 and the side of the shielding ring 313 close to the bumper body 1 are in the same plane.
  • the shielding ring 313 can be adhered to the bumper body 1. By providing the shielding ring 313, the influence of external dust, water vapor, etc. on the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 32 can be avoided.
  • This embodiment provides a radar assembly.
  • the structure of the radar assembly is roughly the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the bumper body 1 includes an interconnection
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 are located on the inner side of the second part 12, and the groove 111 is opened on the first part 11.
  • the second part 12 has the same structure as the bumper on the vehicle in the related art.
  • This embodiment also provides a vehicle.
  • the vehicle includes the radar assembly provided in the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 3 is completely hidden inside the bumper body 1, so that the appearance of the vehicle is more beautiful. Well, it improves the user experience and comfort.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及车辆技术领域，公开一种雷达总成及车辆。该雷达总成包括保险杠本体、固定支架和超声波换能器，保险杠本体的内侧设置有凹槽，固定支架设置于凹槽内，超声波换能器设置于固定支架上，保险杠本体能够与超声波换能器同时振动，以传输超声波。

Description

雷达总成及车辆
本申请要求在2020年06月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010485131.9的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车辆技术领域，例如涉及一种雷达总成及车辆。
背景技术
保险杠是固定在多种汽车车身前后部位的一种安全防护装置，在保险杠上通常设置有超声波雷达。相关技术中，超声波雷达通常贯穿整个保险杠，并暴露在汽车保险杠的表面，而随着用户对汽车基本功能的个性化要求越来越高，对汽车的美观性要求也逐渐提高，暴露于保险杠表面的超声波雷达不符合用户的审美需求，用户的体验感较差。此外，超声波雷达在安装时，需要在保险杠上开设安装孔，超声波雷达通过安装孔安装于保险杠上，而在保险杠上打孔会影响保险杠的强度，降低保险杠的可靠性。
发明内容
基于以上所述，本申请提供了一种雷达总成及车辆，可以提高保险杠的强度和可靠性，且外形较美观，用户的体验感较好。
本申请采用以下技术方案：一种雷达总成，包括：保险杠本体，所述保险杠本体的内侧设置有凹槽；固定支架，所述固定支架设置于所述凹槽内；超声波换能器，所述超声波换能器设置于所述固定支架上，所述保险杠本体能够与所述超声波换能器同时振动，以传输超声波。
作为一种雷达总成的可选方案，所述固定支架上设置有避让孔，所述超声波换能器穿过所述避让孔粘连于所述保险杠本体上。
作为一种雷达总成的可选方案，所述保险杠本体采用注塑工艺制作而成。
作为一种雷达总成的可选方案，所述凹槽的开口呈扩口状。
作为一种雷达总成的可选方案，所述凹槽包括：固定槽，所述固定槽的截面形状为圆形结构，所述固定槽设置为安装所述固定支架；过渡槽，所述过渡槽环设于所述固定槽的周围，所述过渡槽的槽壁由槽底向外倾斜设置，以形成所述扩口。
作为一种雷达总成的可选方案，所述超声波换能器包括：外壳，所述外壳设置于所述固定支架上；压电陶瓷片，所述压电陶瓷片设置于所述外壳上，且所述压电陶瓷片能够抵接于所述保险杠本体；限位片，所述限位片设置于所述压电陶瓷片远离所述保险杠本体的一侧；电极片，所述压电陶瓷片的第一端和第二端均设置有所述电极片。
作为一种雷达总成的可选方案，所述固定支架和所述外壳中的一个上设置有卡槽，所述固定支架和所述外壳中的另一个上设置有卡凸，所述卡凸能够卡接于所述卡槽内。
作为一种雷达总成的可选方案，所述固定支架上还设置有定位槽，所述外壳上设置有定位块，所述定位块能够插入所述定位槽内。
作为一种雷达总成的可选方案，所述保险杠本体包括相互连接的第一部和第二部，所述第一部位于所述第二部的内侧，所述凹槽开设于所述第一部上。
本申请还提供一种车辆，包括如以上任一方案所述的雷达总成。
附图说明
下面将对本申请实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。
图1是本申请实施例一提供的雷达总成的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例一提供的雷达总成的保险杠本体的结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例一提供的雷达总成的超声波换能器的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例一提供的雷达总成的压电陶瓷片和限位片的位置关系示意图；
图5是本申请实施例一提供的雷达总成的压电陶瓷片伸长状态时的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例一提供的雷达总成的压电陶瓷片收缩状态时的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例一提供的雷达总成的固定支架在一个视角下的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例一提供的雷达总成的固定支架在另一个视角下的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例二提供的雷达总成的保险杠本体的剖视图。
图中：
1-保险杠本体；11-第一部；111-凹槽；1111-固定槽；1112-过渡槽；12-第二部；
2-固定支架；21-支架本体；211-避让孔；22-弹性臂；221-卡槽；222-定位槽；
3-超声波换能器；31-外壳；311-卡凸；312-定位块；313-遮挡环；32-压电陶瓷片；33-限位片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请进行说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的实施例仅仅用于解释本申请，而非对本申请的限定。为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本申请相关的部分而非全部结构。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据情况理解上述术语在本申请中的含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅仅用于在描述上加以区分，并没有特殊的含义。
实施例一
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种雷达总成，该雷达总成包括保险杠本体1、固定支架2和超声波换能器3，其中，保险杠本体1的内侧设置有凹槽111，固定支架2设置于凹槽111内，超声波换能器3设置于固定支架2上，保险杠本体1能够与超声波换能器3同时振动，以传输超声波。保险杠本体1设置于车辆的车身前后部位，保险杠本体1的内侧是指靠近车身的一侧。
本实施例提供的雷达总成，超声波换能器3设置于固定支架2上，固定支架2设置于保险杠本体1内侧的凹槽111内，使得超声波换能器3完全隐藏于 保险杠本体1的内侧，不外露，外观的美观性较好，能够提高用户的舒适性和体验感。相较于相关技术，该雷达总成在对超声波换能器3进行安装时，不需要在保险杠本体1上打孔，使得保险杠本体1的强度更高，可靠性较好，安全性较高。此外，本实施例提供的雷达总成，保险杠本体1能够与超声波换能器3同时振动，以传输超声波，可以避免超声波将保险杠本体1作为障碍物获取错误的信息，且可以避免保险杠本体1吸收超声波，从而避免保险杠本体1吸收超声波使超声波的能量降低，影响其传输行程。
在本实施例中，保险杠本体1采用注塑工艺制作而成。可以理解的是，如果在保险杠本体1上开设一个圆柱形的凹槽111，在对保险杠本体1进行注塑加工时，保险杠本体1在设置凹槽111的部位的厚度突变，当温度降低时会导致该部位出现收缩凹陷的现象，不仅会影响保险杠本体1的美观程度，还会影响保险杠本体1的使用性能和使用寿命。
如图2所示，凹槽111的开口呈扩口状，即凹槽111包括固定槽1111和过渡槽1112，固定槽1111的截面形状为圆形结构，固定槽1111设置为固定支架2的安装，过渡槽1112环设于固定槽1111的周围，过渡槽1112的槽壁由内向外倾斜设置，以形成凹槽111的扩口。通过设置过渡槽1112，使得保险杠本体1在设置凹槽111的部位呈逐渐减薄的结构，避免保险杠本体1在设置凹槽111的部位的厚度在该部位发生突变影响保险杠本体1的注塑过程。开设该凹槽111的保险杠本体1外形美观，方便加工，且能够提高保险杠本体1的完整性。
可选的，保险杠本体1在固定槽1111的位置处采用聚乙烯材料制作而成，有利于超声波的穿透，减少超声波能量的损失，保险杠本体1在过渡槽1112的位置处采用聚丙烯材料制作而成。
在本实施例中，固定支架2粘连于保险杠本体1上，固定效果好，加工成本较低。在其他实施例中，固定支架2还可以和保险杠本体1为一体成型结构，提高了两者之间的固定效果，且节省了多个零件之间组装的环节，组装效率较高。
如图3-图4所示，超声波换能器3包括外壳31、压电陶瓷片32、限位片33和电极片，外壳31设置于固定支架2上，压电陶瓷片32设置于外壳31上，且压电陶瓷片32能够抵接于保险杠本体1，限位片33设置于压电陶瓷片32远离保险杠本体1的一侧，压电陶瓷片32的的第一端和第二端均设置有电极片。压电陶瓷片32的第一端的电极片和压电陶瓷片32的第二端的电极片接收到激励信号后，压电陶瓷片32的第一端和第二端之间形成电场，压电陶瓷片32在电场压力的作用下会收缩或者伸长，从而产生机械振动(这种振动形式称为径向振动)，发射超声波。
在本实施例中，由于压电陶瓷片32远离保险杠本体1的一侧设置有限位片33，限位片33采用金属材料制成，变形困难，因此，如图5-图6所示，当压电陶瓷片32伸长时，由于限位片33的限制，压电陶瓷片32靠近保险杠本体1的一侧会出现“鼓包”凸出的现象，当压电陶瓷片32收缩时，由于限位片33的限制，压电陶瓷片32靠近保险杠本体1的一侧会出现“鼓包”凹陷的现象，在压电陶瓷片32的交替伸长和收缩的过程中，压电陶瓷片32靠近保险杠本体1的一端的“鼓包”交替发生凸出和凹陷的现象，即压电陶瓷片32的径向振动转化为轴向振动，且振动幅度较小，使保险杠本体1振动的区域面积较小，能量损失较小，使得超声波换能器3的效率较高。
可选的，限位片33焊接于压电陶瓷片32上，固定效果较好，对压电陶瓷片32有较好的限制作用。
如图7-图8所示，固定支架2和外壳31中的一个上设置有卡槽221，固定支架2和外壳31中的另一个上设置有卡凸311(如图3所示)，卡凸311能够卡接于卡槽221内。通过设置相互卡接的卡槽221和卡凸311，实现固定支架2和超声波换能器3之间的固定连接，连接效果较好。在本实施例中，外壳31上设置有卡凸311，固定支架2上设置有卡槽221。可选地，卡凸311和卡槽221的数量均为两个，两个卡凸311分别设置于外壳31的第一侧和第二侧，两个卡槽221分别设置于固定支架2的第一侧和第二侧，卡凸311能够卡接于对应的卡槽221内，提高固定支架2和超声波换能器3之间的卡接稳定性。
如图7所示，固定支架2包括支架本体21和多个弹性臂22，支架本体21为阶梯轴结构，多个弹性臂22沿支架本体21的小径端周向均匀且间隔设置，支架本体21的大径端粘接于保险杠本体1上，能够增加固定支架2与保险杠本体1之间的接触面积，提高粘连效果。两个相对的弹性臂22上设置有上述卡槽221，当超声波换能器3插入多个弹性臂22之间时，随着超声波换能器3向靠近支架本体21的大径端插入，多个弹性臂22会被卡凸311撑开，当卡凸311与卡槽221正对设置时，卡凸311会卡入卡槽221内，多个弹性臂22在弹性力的作用下抵紧外壳31的外表面，还能起到固定超声波换能器3的作用。
如图3和图7所示，固定支架2上设置有定位槽222，外壳31上设置有定位块312，定位块312能够插入定位槽222内，实现固定支架2和超声波换能器3之间的定位，且定位效果较好。可以理解的是，两个相邻的弹性臂22之间形成该定位槽222。
如图8所示，支架本体21上设置有避让孔211，避让孔211用于超声波换能器3的避让，以使压电陶瓷片32抵接于保险杠本体1，减小能量的损失。为了使保险杠本体1能够与压电陶瓷片32同时振动，以传输超声波，在本实施例 中，压电陶瓷片32穿过避让孔211粘连于保险杠本体1上。
相关技术中，压电陶瓷片32的外周会包裹一层塑料件，塑料件会吸收超声波的能量，造成超声波能量的部分损耗，而本实施例提供的雷达总成，压电陶瓷片32裸露于外部，直接粘连于保险杠本体1上，减少了塑料件对超声波能量的吸收。
可选的，如图3所示，在外壳31上还设置有遮挡环313，遮挡环313设置于外壳31靠近保险杠本体1的一端，压电陶瓷片32和限位片33均位于遮挡环313的内部，且压电陶瓷片32靠近保险杠本体1的一面与遮挡环313靠近保险杠本体1的一面处于同一平面，遮挡环313可以粘连于保险杠本体1上。通过设置遮挡环313，可以避免外部的灰尘、水蒸气等对压电陶瓷片32造成的影响。
实施例二
本实施例提供一种雷达总成，该雷达总成的结构与实施例一的大致相同，主要区别在于，如图9所示，本实施例提供的雷达总成，保险杠本体1包括相互连接的第一部11和第二部12，第一部11位于第二部12的内侧，凹槽111开设于第一部11上。第二部12与相关技术中车辆上的保险杠结构相同，通过设置第一部11，可以先成型第一部11，然后将第一部11固定于第二部12上，即能够实现将超声波换能器3完全隐藏于保险杠本体1内侧，且可以在相关车辆上进行改造，加工过程较简单。
本实施例还提供一种车辆，该车辆包括实施例一或者实施例二提供的雷达总成，通过将超声波换能器3完全隐藏于保险杠本体1的内侧，使得该车辆的外形美观性较好，提高了用户的体验感和舒适性。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种雷达总成，包括：
    保险杠本体(1)，所述保险杠本体(1)的内侧设置有凹槽(111)；
    固定支架(2)，所述固定支架(2)设置于所述凹槽(111)内；
    超声波换能器(3)，所述超声波换能器(3)设置于所述固定支架(2)上，所述保险杠本体(1)能够与所述超声波换能器(3)同时振动，以传输超声波。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的雷达总成，其中，所述固定支架(2)上设置有避让孔(211)，所述超声波换能器(3)穿过所述避让孔(211)粘连于所述保险杠本体(1)上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的雷达总成，其中，所述保险杠本体(1)采用注塑工艺制作而成。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的雷达总成，其中，所述凹槽(111)的开口呈扩口状。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的雷达总成，其中，所述凹槽(111)包括：
    固定槽(1111)，所述固定槽(1111)的截面形状为圆形结构，所述固定槽(1111)设置为安装所述固定支架(2)；
    过渡槽(1112)，所述过渡槽(1112)环设于所述固定槽(1111)的周围，所述过渡槽(1112)的槽壁由槽底向外倾斜设置，以形成所述扩口。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的雷达总成，其中，所述超声波换能器(3)包括：
    外壳(31)，所述外壳(31)设置于所述固定支架(2)上；
    压电陶瓷片(32)，所述压电陶瓷片(32)设置于所述外壳(31)上，且所述压电陶瓷片(32)能够抵接于所述保险杠本体(1)；
    限位片(33)，所述限位片(33)设置于所述压电陶瓷片(32)远离所述保险杠本体(1)的一侧；
    电极片，所述压电陶瓷片(32)的第一端和第二端均设置有所述电极片。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的雷达总成，其中，所述固定支架(2)和所述外壳(31)中的一个上设置有卡槽(221)，所述固定支架(2)和所述外壳(31)中的另一个上设置有卡凸(311)，所述卡凸(311)能够卡接于所述卡槽(221)内。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的雷达总成，其中，所述固定支架(2)上还设置有定位槽(222)，所述外壳(31)上设置有定位块(312)，所述定位块(312)能够插入所述定位槽(222)内。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的雷达总成，其中，所述保险杠本体(1)包括相互连接的第一部(11)和第二部(12)，所述第一部(11)位于所述第二部(12)的内侧，所述凹槽(111)开设于所述第一部(11)上。
  10. 一种车辆，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的雷达总成。
PCT/CN2021/096948 2020-06-01 2021-05-28 雷达总成及车辆 WO2021244445A1 (zh)

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