WO2021237889A1 - 一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法 - Google Patents

一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237889A1
WO2021237889A1 PCT/CN2020/100686 CN2020100686W WO2021237889A1 WO 2021237889 A1 WO2021237889 A1 WO 2021237889A1 CN 2020100686 W CN2020100686 W CN 2020100686W WO 2021237889 A1 WO2021237889 A1 WO 2021237889A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
electric vehicle
seat
receiving seat
positioning
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PCT/CN2020/100686
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡君杰
徐亚新
朱冬东
杜树平
吴肖波
俞文卫
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浙江康迪智能换电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021237889A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237889A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for automatically replacing the battery of an electric vehicle.
  • An electric car refers to a car driven by electricity, and the battery is an important part of an electric car.
  • the battery When the battery is exhausted, the battery needs to be charged, but it usually takes a long time to charge the battery. Therefore, in order to save time, the battery that has been used up is usually removed and a fully charged battery is installed in advance.
  • the process of replacing the battery usually adopts a manual method. Due to the large mass and volume of the battery, it takes time and labor to replace the battery manually.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for automatically replacing the battery of an electric vehicle, which can conveniently complete the battery replacement of an electric vehicle, replaces labor, and has high efficiency.
  • a method for automatically replacing the battery of an electric vehicle includes the following steps:
  • A. Car positioning drive the electric car to the positioning device, and the positioning device will position the electric car;
  • the battery receiving seat slides to the electric vehicle, the battery grabbing mechanism is close to the empty battery in the electric vehicle, and grabs the empty battery. Under the action of the driving device, the battery grabs The taking mechanism drags the empty battery into the battery receiving seat;
  • the battery receiving seat with the empty battery leaves the electric vehicle, and the battery receiving seat with the full battery is close to the electric vehicle, and the battery grabbing mechanism will fill the battery under the action of the driving device Push it into the electric car, and the battery replacement is complete.
  • the positioning device in the above-mentioned method for automatically replacing the battery of an electric vehicle, in the step A, includes an inclined table, a placing table, a roller assembly, a guide rod, and is composed of a front wheel positioning assembly and a rear wheel positioning assembly.
  • the assembly and the rear wheel positioning assembly are located at the front and rear ends of the guide rod.
  • the front wheel positioning assembly and the rear wheel positioning assembly are composed of a wheel pushing assembly and a roller assembly.
  • the roller assembly is located on both sides of the wheel pushing assembly, of which the front wheel pushing assembly
  • the roller assembly in the assembly forms a positioning groove.
  • the car drives along the guide bar to drive the front wheel into the positioning groove.
  • the car completes the front and rear positioning.
  • the rear wheel is located on the roller assembly in the rear wheel alignment assembly. Then, the wheel pushes the assembly toward The two ends extend to push the wheels to slide along the rollers, and finally complete the lateral positioning of the car. In this way, the front, rear, left, and right positioning of the
  • the battery receiving seat is moved by a moving device, and the moving device includes: a bracket, a lifting seat, a sliding seat, and a rotating seat And multiple sets of power devices, the lifting seat can be lifted and installed on the bracket, the sliding seat is installed laterally on the lifting seat, the rotating seat is rotatably installed on the sliding seat, the battery receiving seat is fixed on the rotating seat, and the battery receiving seat There are two groups, the two battery receiving seats are installed on the rotating seat, the battery grabbing mechanisms are provided with two groups, and the two battery grabbing mechanisms are slidably installed on the battery receiving seats.
  • the specific operation process is as follows: one of the battery receiving seats slides and approaches the electric vehicle under the action of the power unit, and then the battery gripping mechanism approaches the battery under the action of the fifth power unit, and grabs the battery.
  • the power unit prompts the battery to grab
  • the mechanism drags the battery to the battery receiving seat, and the battery receiving seat returns to its original position, so that the empty battery is removed;
  • the battery receiving seat and battery grabbing mechanism installed on the other end of the rotating seat also use the same steps Remove the full battery from the battery holder; then the rotating seat rotates so that the positions of the two battery receiving seats are interchanged.
  • the battery receiving seat with the full battery is placed close to the electric vehicle, and then the battery grabbing mechanism will be moved by the power device.
  • the full battery is pushed into the electric vehicle, and the battery receiving seat with the empty battery is close to the battery holder, and then the battery grab mechanism pushes the empty battery into the battery holder under the action of the power unit; in this way, This completes the battery replacement of the electric vehicle, which replaces labor and has a higher efficiency.
  • the sliding seat drives the rotating seat to slide horizontally, while the lifting seat drives the rotating seat to lift. In this way, you can easily remove the full battery from any position on the battery rack, or place the empty battery in the battery rack. Any position on the
  • the battery grabbing mechanism includes: a bottom plate, a first motor, a drive block, a drive rod, a connecting rod, a guide plate, Clamp block and buckle, the bottom plate is slidably connected with the battery receiving seat, the first motor is installed on the bottom plate, the guide plate is fixed on the bottom plate, and two ends of the guide plate are provided with guide holes; the drive block is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor ; There are two driving rods, one end of the driving rod is rotatably connected with the driving block, and the connecting part of the driving rod and the driving block is spaced from the output shaft of the first motor, the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the other end of the driving rod, the connecting rod Fitted in the guide hole, the clamping block is connected with the connecting rod, and the clamping block is slidingly connected with the guide plate; the buckle is used to cooperate with the clamping block.
  • the specific operation process is: install the buckle on the battery.
  • the battery receiving seat slides close to the battery on the electric vehicle under the action of the power device, and then the battery grabbing mechanism follows the battery under the action of the power device.
  • the receiving seat slides.
  • the first motor drives the driving block to rotate and the driving rod rotates.
  • the rotation of the driving rod drives the connecting rod to slide in the guide hole, and the sliding of the connecting rod drives the sliding of the clamping block. Inserting into the buckle completes the grabbing of the battery, and the battery grabbing mechanism can easily drag the battery.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are that the battery replacement of the electric vehicle can be conveniently completed, labor is replaced, and the efficiency is high.
  • a method for automatically replacing the battery of an electric vehicle includes the following steps:
  • A. Car positioning drive the electric car to the positioning device, and the positioning device will position the electric car;
  • the battery receiving seat slides to the electric vehicle, the battery grabbing mechanism is close to the empty battery in the electric vehicle, and grabs the empty battery. Under the action of the driving device, the battery grabs The taking mechanism drags the empty battery into the battery receiving seat;
  • the battery receiving seat with the empty battery leaves the electric vehicle, and the battery receiving seat with the full battery is close to the electric vehicle, and the battery grabbing mechanism will fill the battery under the action of the driving device Push it into the electric car, and the battery replacement is complete.
  • the battery replacement of the electric vehicle can be conveniently completed, replacing labor, and the efficiency is higher.
  • the positioning device in the above-mentioned method for automatically replacing the battery of an electric vehicle, includes an inclined table, a placing table, a roller assembly, a guide rod and is composed of a front wheel positioning assembly and a rear wheel positioning assembly,
  • the front wheel positioning assembly and the rear wheel positioning assembly are located at the front and rear ends of the guide rod.
  • the front wheel positioning assembly and the rear wheel positioning assembly are both composed of the wheel pushing assembly and the roller assembly.
  • the roller assembly is located on both sides of the wheel pushing assembly.
  • the roller assembly in the wheel push assembly is combined to form a positioning groove.
  • the shape of the positioning groove is V-shaped.
  • the car drives along the guide rod, so that the front wheels drive into the positioning groove.
  • the wheel is located on the roller assembly in the rear wheel positioning assembly.
  • the wheel pushing assembly extends to both ends, pushing the wheel to slide along the roller, and finally completes the lateral positioning of the car. In this way, the front, rear, left, and right positioning of the car is completed. , And precise
  • the battery receiving seat is moved by a moving device, and the moving device includes: a bracket, a lifting seat, and a sliding seat. , Rotating base and multiple sets of power devices.
  • the lifting base is mounted on the bracket so that it can be raised and lowered
  • the sliding base is mounted on the lifting base so as to slide laterally
  • the rotating base is rotatably mounted on the sliding base
  • the battery receiving base is fixed on the rotating base.
  • There are two sets of battery receiving seats the two sets of battery receiving seats are installed on the rotating seat, the two sets of battery grabbing mechanisms are provided, and the two sets of battery grabbing mechanisms are slidably installed on the battery receiving seats.
  • the specific operation process is as follows: one of the battery receiving seats slides and approaches the electric vehicle under the action of the power unit, and then the battery gripping mechanism approaches the battery under the action of the fifth power unit and grabs the battery.
  • the power unit prompts the battery to be grabbed.
  • the mechanism drags the battery to the battery receiving seat, and the battery receiving seat returns to its original position, so that the empty battery is removed;
  • the battery receiving seat and battery grabbing mechanism installed on the other end of the rotating seat also use the same steps Remove the full battery from the battery holder; then the rotating seat rotates so that the positions of the two battery receiving seats are interchanged.
  • the battery receiving seat with the full battery is placed close to the electric car, and then the battery grabbing mechanism will be moved by the power device.
  • the full battery is pushed into the electric vehicle, and the battery receiving seat with the empty battery is placed close to the battery holder, and then the battery grab mechanism pushes the empty battery into the battery holder under the action of the power unit; in this way, This completes the battery replacement of the electric vehicle, which replaces labor and has a higher efficiency.
  • the sliding seat drives the rotating seat to slide horizontally, while the lifting seat drives the rotating seat to lift. In this way, you can easily remove the full battery from any position on the battery rack, or place the empty battery in the battery rack. Any position on the
  • the battery grabbing mechanism includes: a bottom plate, a first motor, a driving block, a driving rod, a connecting rod, Guide plate, clamping block and buckle, the bottom plate is slidably connected with the battery receiving seat, the first motor is installed on the bottom plate, the guide plate is fixed on the bottom plate, two ends of the guide plate are provided with guide holes; the drive block is fixed on the first motor On the output shaft; there are two driving rods, one end of the driving rod is rotatably connected with the driving block, and the connecting part of the driving rod and the driving block is spaced from the output shaft of the first motor, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the other end of the driving rod ,
  • the connecting rod is fitted in the guide hole, the clamp block is connected with the connecting rod, and the clamp block is slidingly connected with the guide plate; the buckle is used to cooperate with the clamp block.
  • the specific operation process is: install the buckle on the battery.
  • the battery receiving seat slides close to the battery on the electric vehicle under the action of the power unit, and then the battery grabbing mechanism follows the battery under the action of the power unit.
  • the receiving seat slides.
  • the first motor drives the driving block to rotate and the driving rod rotates.
  • the rotation of the driving rod drives the connecting rod to slide in the guide hole, and the sliding of the connecting rod drives the sliding of the clamping block. Inserting into the buckle completes the grabbing of the battery, and the battery grabbing mechanism can easily drag the battery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法，包括：A、汽车定位：将电动汽车驾驶至定位装置处，定位装置对电动汽车进行定位；B、取出电动汽车内的空态电池：电池接收座滑动至电动汽车处，电池抓取机构靠近电动汽车内的空态电池，电池抓取机构将空态电池拖入电池接收座内；C、准备满电池：另一个电池接收座滑动至电池放置架处，电池抓取机构靠近电池放置架上的满电池，电池抓取机构将满电池拖入另一组电池接收座内；D、将满电池放入电动汽车内：放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，电池抓取机构将满电池推入电动汽车内，电池更换完成。该方法能方便地完成电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。

Description

一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法。
背景技术
电动汽车是指有电力驱动的汽车，电池是电动汽车的重要组成部分。当电池的电量用完后，需要对电池进行充电，但是电池充电通常需要较长的时间，因此为了节约时间，通常将电量已经用完的电池取出，并安装上事先充满电的电池。而更换电池的过程通常采用人工的方式，由于电池的质量和体积较大，因此人工更换电池费时费力。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法，能方便地完成电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法，该组装工艺包括如下步骤：
A、汽车定位：将电动汽车驾驶至定位装置处，定位装置对电动汽车进行定位；
B、取出电动汽车内的空态电池：电池接收座滑动至电动汽车处，电池抓取机构靠近电动汽车内的空态电池，并将空态电池抓住，在驱动装置的作用下，电池抓取机构将空态电池拖入电池接收座内；
C、准备满电池：另一个电池接收座滑动至电池放置架处，电池抓取机构靠近电池放置架上的满电池，并将满电池抓住，在驱动装置的作用下，电池抓取机构将满电池拖入另一组电池接收座内；
D、将满电池放入电动汽车内：放置有空态电池的电池接收座离开电动汽车，而放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，电池抓取机构在驱动装置的作用下将满电池推入电动汽车内，电池更换完成。
在上述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法中，所述的工序A中，定位装置包括斜台、放置台、滚筒组件、导向杆和由前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件组成，前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件位于导向杆的前端和后端，前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件均由车轮推动组件和滚筒组件组成，滚筒组件位于车轮推动组件的两侧，其中，前轮推动组件中的滚筒组件组合形成定位槽，汽车沿着导向杆驾驶，使得前轮驾驶至定位槽内，汽车完成前后的定位，后轮位于后轮定位组件中的滚筒组件上，接着，车轮推动组件向两端伸出，推动车轮沿着滚筒滑动，并最终完成汽车横向的定位，这样一来，便完成了汽车前后左右的定位。
在上述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法中，所述的工序B、工序C和工序D中，电池接收座通过移动装置来实现移动，移动装置包括：支架、升降座、滑动座、旋转座和多组动力装置，升降座可升降地安装在支架上，滑动座横向滑动地安装在升降座上，旋转座可转动地安装在滑动座上，电池接收座固定在旋转座上，电池接收座设置有两组，两组电池接收座安装在旋转座上，电池抓取机构设置有两组，两组电池抓取机构滑动安装在电池接收座上。具体操作流程为：其中一个电池接收座在动力装置的作用下滑动并靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下靠近电池，并将电池抓取，动力装置促使电池抓取机构将电池拖至电池接收座上，电池接收座在回复原位，这样便将空态电池取下了；而安装在旋转座的另一端的电池接收座和电池抓取机构也采用同样的步骤从电池放置架上取下满电池；接着旋转座旋转，使得两个电池接收座的位置互换，放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下将满电池推入电动汽车内，而放置有空态电池的电池接收座则靠近电池放置架，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下将空态电池推入电池放置架上；这样一来，便完成了电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。 同时滑动座带动旋转座横向滑动，而升降座则带动旋转座升降，这样一来，便能方便地从电池放置架上的任何一个位置取下满电池，或者将空态电池放置在电池放置架上的任何一个位置。
在上述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法中，所述的工序B、工序C和工序D中，电池抓取机构包括：底板、第一电机、驱动块、驱动杆、连杆、导向板、卡块和卡扣，底板与电池接收座滑动连接，第一电机安装在底板上，导向板固定在底板上，导向板的两端设置有导向孔；驱动块固定在第一电机的输出轴上；驱动杆设置有两个，驱动杆的一端与驱动块转动连接，且驱动杆与驱动块的连接部位与第一电机的输出轴间隔设置，连杆与驱动杆的另一端转动连接，连杆配合在导向孔内，卡块与连杆连接，且卡块与导向板滑动连接；卡扣用于和卡块配合。具体操作流程为：将卡扣安装在电池上，当抓取电池时，电池接收座在动力装置的作用下滑动靠近电动汽车上的电池，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下沿着电池接收座滑动，当卡块靠近电池时，第一电机驱动驱动块转动，驱动杆发生转动，驱动杆的转动带动连杆在导向孔内发生滑动，连杆的滑动带动卡块的滑动，卡块插入卡扣内，便完成了电池的抓取，电池抓取机构便能方便地拖动电池。
本发明的有益效果是：能方便地完成电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位和位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述， 而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例一：
一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法，该组装工艺包括如下步骤：
A、汽车定位：将电动汽车驾驶至定位装置处，定位装置对电动汽车进行定位；
B、取出电动汽车内的空态电池：电池接收座滑动至电动汽车处，电池抓取机构靠近电动汽车内的空态电池，并将空态电池抓住，在驱动装置的作用下，电池抓取机构将空态电池拖入电池接收座内；
C、准备满电池：另一个电池接收座滑动至电池放置架处，电池抓取机构靠近电池放置架上的满电池，并将满电池抓住，在驱动装置的作用下，电池抓取机构将满电池拖入另一组电池接收座内；
D、将满电池放入电动汽车内：放置有空态电池的电池接收座离开电动汽车，而放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，电池抓取机构在驱动装置的作用下将满电池推入电动汽车内，电池更换完成。
与现有技术相比，能方便地完成电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。
另外的，在上述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法中，所述的工序A中，定位装置包括斜台、放置台、滚筒组件、导向杆和由前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件组成，前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件位于导向杆的前端和后端，前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件均由车轮推动组件和滚筒组件组成，滚筒组件位于车轮推动组件的两侧，其中，前轮推动组件中的滚筒组件组合形成定位槽，定位槽的形状呈V型，汽车沿着导向杆驾驶，使得前轮驾驶至定位槽内，汽车完成前后的定位，且不易前后滚动，同时，后轮位于后轮定位组件中的滚筒组件上，接着，车轮推动组件向两端伸出，推动车轮沿着滚筒滑动，并最终完成汽车横向的定位，这样一来，便完成了汽车前后左右的定位，且定位精准。
另外的，在上述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法中，所述的工序B、工序C和工序D中，电池接收座通过移动装置来实现移动，移动装置包括：支架、升降座、滑动座、旋转座和多组动力装置，升降座可升降地安装在支架上，滑动座横向滑动地安装在升降座上，旋转座可转动地安装在滑动座上，电池接收座固定在旋转座上，电池接收座设置有两组，两组电池接收座安装在旋转座上，电池抓取机构设置有两组，两组电池抓取机构滑动安装在电池接收座上。具体操作流程为：其中一个电池接收座在动力装置的作用下滑动并靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下靠近电池，并将电池抓取，动力装置促使电池抓取机构将电池拖至电池接收座上，电池接收座在回复原位，这样便将空态电池取下了；而安装在旋转座的另一端的电池接收座和电池抓取机构也采用同样的步骤从电池放置架上取下满电池；接着旋转座旋转，使得两个电池接收座的位置互换，放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下将满电池推入电动汽车内，而放置有空态电池的电池接收座则靠近电池放置架，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下将空态电池推入电池放置架上；这样一来，便完成了电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。同时滑动座带动旋转座横向滑动，而升降座则带动旋转座升降，这样一来，便能方便地从电池放置架上的任何一个位置取下满电池，或者将空态电池放置在电池放置架上的任何一个位置。
另外的，在上述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法中，所述的工序B、工序C和工序D中，电池抓取机构包括：底板、第一电机、驱动块、驱动杆、连杆、导向板、卡块和卡扣，底板与电池接收座滑动连接，第一电机安装在底板上，导向板固定在底板上，导向板的两端设置有导向孔；驱动块固定在第一电机的输出轴上；驱动杆设置有两个，驱动杆的一端与驱动块转动连接，且驱动杆与驱动块的连接部位与第一电机的输出轴间隔设置，连杆与驱动杆的另一端转动连接，连杆配合在导向孔内，卡块与连杆连接，且卡块与导向板滑动连接；卡扣用于和卡块配合。具体操作流程为：将卡扣安装在电池上，当抓取电池时， 电池接收座在动力装置的作用下滑动靠近电动汽车上的电池，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下沿着电池接收座滑动，当卡块靠近电池时，第一电机驱动驱动块转动，驱动杆发生转动，驱动杆的转动带动连杆在导向孔内发生滑动，连杆的滑动带动卡块的滑动，卡块插入卡扣内，便完成了电池的抓取，电池抓取机构便能方便地拖动电池。
总之，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法，其特征在于，该组装工艺包括如下步骤：
    A、汽车定位：将电动汽车驾驶至定位装置处，定位装置对电动汽车进行定位；
    B、取出电动汽车内的空态电池：电池接收座滑动至电动汽车处，电池抓取机构靠近电动汽车内的空态电池，并将空态电池抓住，在驱动装置的作用下，电池抓取机构将空态电池拖入电池接收座内；
    C、准备满电池：另一个电池接收座滑动至电池放置架处，电池抓取机构靠近电池放置架上的满电池，并将满电池抓住，在驱动装置的作用下，电池抓取机构将满电池拖入另一组电池接收座内；
    D、将满电池放入电动汽车内：放置有空态电池的电池接收座离开电动汽车，而放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，电池抓取机构在驱动装置的作用下将满电池推入电动汽车内，电池更换完成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法，其特征在于：所述的工序A中，定位装置包括斜台、放置台、滚筒组件、导向杆和由前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件组成，前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件位于导向杆的前端和后端，前轮定位组件和后轮定位组件均由车轮推动组件和滚筒组件组成，滚筒组件位于车轮推动组件的两侧，其中，前轮推动组件中的滚筒组件组合形成定位槽，汽车沿着导向杆驾驶，使得前轮驾驶至定位槽内，汽车完成前后的定位，后轮位于后轮定位组件中的滚筒组件上，接着，车轮推动组件向两端伸出，推动车轮沿着滚筒滑动，并最终完成汽车横向的定位，这样一来，便完成了汽车前后左右的定位。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法，其特征在于：所述的工序B、工序C和工序D中，电池接收座通过移动装置来实现移动，移动装置包括：支架、升降座、滑动座、旋转座和多组动力装置，升降座可升降地安装在支架上，滑动座横向滑动地安装在升降座上，旋转座可转动地安装 在滑动座上，电池接收座固定在旋转座上，电池接收座设置有两组，两组电池接收座安装在旋转座上，电池抓取机构设置有两组，两组电池抓取机构滑动安装在电池接收座上。具体操作流程为：其中一个电池接收座在动力装置的作用下滑动并靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下靠近电池，并将电池抓取，动力装置促使电池抓取机构将电池拖至电池接收座上，电池接收座在回复原位，这样便将空态电池取下了；而安装在旋转座的另一端的电池接收座和电池抓取机构也采用同样的步骤从电池放置架上取下满电池；接着旋转座旋转，使得两个电池接收座的位置互换，放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下将满电池推入电动汽车内，而放置有空态电池的电池接收座则靠近电池放置架，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下将空态电池推入电池放置架上；这样一来，便完成了电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。同时滑动座带动旋转座横向滑动，而升降座则带动旋转座升降，这样一来，便能方便地从电池放置架上的任何一个位置取下满电池，或者将空态电池放置在电池放置架上的任何一个位置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的自动更换电动汽车的电池的方法，其特征在于：所述的工序B、工序C和工序D中，电池抓取机构包括：底板、第一电机、驱动块、驱动杆、连杆、导向板、卡块和卡扣，底板与电池接收座滑动连接，第一电机安装在底板上，导向板固定在底板上，导向板的两端设置有导向孔；驱动块固定在第一电机的输出轴上；驱动杆设置有两个，驱动杆的一端与驱动块转动连接，且驱动杆与驱动块的连接部位与第一电机的输出轴间隔设置，连杆与驱动杆的另一端转动连接，连杆配合在导向孔内，卡块与连杆连接，且卡块与导向板滑动连接；卡扣用于和卡块配合。具体操作流程为：将卡扣安装在电池上，当抓取电池时，电池接收座在动力装置的作用下滑动靠近电动汽车上的电池，接着电池抓取机构在动力装置的作用下沿着电池接收座滑动，当卡块靠近电池时，第一电机驱动驱动块转动，驱动杆发生转动，驱动杆的转动带动连 杆在导向孔内发生滑动，连杆的滑动带动卡块的滑动，卡块插入卡扣内，便完成了电池的抓取，电池抓取机构便能方便地拖动电池。
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