WO2021237885A1 - 一种电动汽车的电池更换装置 - Google Patents

一种电动汽车的电池更换装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237885A1
WO2021237885A1 PCT/CN2020/100681 CN2020100681W WO2021237885A1 WO 2021237885 A1 WO2021237885 A1 WO 2021237885A1 CN 2020100681 W CN2020100681 W CN 2020100681W WO 2021237885 A1 WO2021237885 A1 WO 2021237885A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
seat
electric vehicle
sliding
power device
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PCT/CN2020/100681
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱冬东
杜树平
吴肖波
吕珊
俞文卫
徐亚新
Original Assignee
浙江康迪智能换电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021237885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237885A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery replacement device for an electric vehicle.
  • An electric car refers to a car driven by electricity, and the battery is an important part of an electric car.
  • the battery When the battery is exhausted, the battery needs to be charged, but it usually takes a long time to charge the battery. Therefore, in order to save time, the battery that has been used up is usually removed and a fully charged battery is installed in advance.
  • the process of replacing the battery usually adopts a manual method. Due to the large mass and volume of the battery, it takes time and labor to replace the battery manually.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery replacement device for an electric vehicle, which can conveniently complete the battery replacement of an electric vehicle, replaces labor, and has high efficiency.
  • a battery replacement device for an electric vehicle includes:
  • Lifting seat the lifting seat is vertically slidably mounted on the bracket;
  • the first power device is used to drive the lifting of the lifting seat
  • a sliding seat the sliding seat being slidably mounted on the lifting seat;
  • the second power device is used to drive the sliding of the sliding seat
  • a rotating seat the rotating seat being rotatably mounted on the sliding seat;
  • the third power device is used to drive the rotation of the rotating seat
  • a battery receiving seat the battery receiving seat is provided with two, and the two battery receiving seats are slidably mounted on both ends of the rotating seat;
  • the fourth power device is used to drive the sliding of the battery receiving seat
  • a battery grasping mechanism the battery grasping mechanism is provided with two, the two battery grasping mechanisms are respectively slidably mounted on the two battery receiving seats;
  • the fifth power device is used to drive the battery grabbing mechanism to slide
  • the battery placement rack is located on one side of the support.
  • the battery grasping mechanism includes a bottom plate, a first motor, a driving block, a driving rod, a connecting rod, a guide plate, a clamping block and a buckle
  • the bottom plate is slidably connected to the battery receiving seat
  • the first A motor is installed on the bottom plate
  • the guide plate is fixed on the bottom plate
  • two ends of the guide plate are provided with guide holes
  • the driving block is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor
  • There are two driving rods one end of the driving rod is rotatably connected with the driving block, and the connecting part of the driving rod and the driving block is spaced apart from the output shaft of the first motor, the connecting rod Rotatingly connected with the other end of the driving rod, the connecting rod is fitted in the guide hole, the clamping block is connected with the connecting rod, and the clamping block is slidably connected with the guide plate
  • the buckle is used to cooperate with the clamping block.
  • two ends of the guide plate are provided with guide sleeves, and the block is slidingly fitted in the guide sleeve.
  • the buckle is a U-shaped plate.
  • the fifth power device includes: a second motor, a gear and a rack, the rack is mounted on the battery receiving seat, the second motor is fixed on the bottom plate, and the gear is fixed on On the output shaft of the second motor, the gear and the rack are matched.
  • the edge of the battery receiving seat is provided with rollers, the rollers are provided in multiple, and the multiple rollers are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery grabbing mechanism.
  • rollers are arranged on both sides of the rotating seat, and a plurality of the rollers are vertically arranged, and the plurality of rollers are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery grasping mechanism.
  • positioning rods are provided on both sides of the front end of the battery receiving seat.
  • the end of the positioning rod is tapered.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that one of the battery receiving seats slides and approaches the electric vehicle under the action of the fourth power device, and then the battery grabbing mechanism approaches the battery under the action of the fifth power device and grabs the battery.
  • the power unit prompts the battery gripping mechanism to drag the battery to the battery receiving seat, and the battery receiving seat returns to its original position, so that the empty battery is removed; and the battery receiving seat and battery gripping seat installed on the other end of the rotating seat
  • the mechanism also uses the same procedure to remove the full battery from the battery holder; then the rotating seat rotates to make the positions of the two battery receiving seats interchange, the battery receiving seat with the full battery is close to the electric vehicle, and then the battery grabbing mechanism
  • the fifth power unit pushes the full battery into the electric vehicle, and the battery receiving seat with the empty battery is placed close to the battery holder, and then the battery gripping mechanism pushes the empty battery under the action of the fifth power unit.
  • the sliding seat drives the rotating seat to slide horizontally, while the lifting seat drives the rotating seat to lift. In this way, you can easily remove the full battery from any position on the battery rack, or place the empty battery in the battery rack. Any position on the
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a battery replacement device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a left side view of an embodiment of the battery replacement device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial structural diagram 1 of an embodiment of the battery replacement device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a second partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the battery replacement device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a third partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the battery replacement device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery receiving seat and the battery grasping mechanism in the embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the battery grasping mechanism in the embodiment.
  • Figure 8 is a second structural diagram of the battery grabbing mechanism in the embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery grasping mechanism in an embodiment
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is an enlarged view at C in Figure 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery receiving seat, the battery grasping mechanism and the fifth power device in the embodiment;
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buckle installed on the battery in the embodiment.
  • Battery grabbing mechanism 61, bottom plate; 62, first motor; 63, drive block; 64, drive rod; 65, connecting rod; 66, guide plate; 661, guide hole; 662, guide sleeve; 67, card Block; 68, buckle;
  • a battery replacement device for an electric vehicle includes:
  • Lifting base 2 which is vertically slidably mounted on bracket 1;
  • the first power device is used to drive the lifting of the lifting seat 2;
  • the sliding seat 3 is slidably mounted on the lifting seat 2;
  • the second power device is used to drive the sliding of the sliding seat 3;
  • Rotating base 4, the rotating base 4 is rotatably mounted on the sliding base 3;
  • the third power device is used to drive the rotation of the rotating base 4;
  • the battery receiving seat 5 is provided with two battery receiving seats 5, and the two battery receiving seats 5 are slidably installed on both ends of the rotating seat 4;
  • the fourth power device is used to drive the sliding of the battery receiving seat 5;
  • the fifth power device is used to drive the battery grabbing mechanism 6 to slide;
  • the battery storage rack 7 is located on one side of the support 1.
  • the battery receiving seats 5 slides and approaches the electric vehicle under the action of the fourth power device, and then the battery grabbing mechanism 6 approaches the battery 11 under the action of the fifth power device, and grabs the battery 11.
  • the five-power device prompts the battery grabbing mechanism 6 to drag the battery 11 to the battery receiving seat 5, and the battery receiving seat 5 returns to its original position, so that the empty battery 11 is removed;
  • the battery receiving seat 5 and the battery grabbing mechanism 6 also use the same steps to remove the full battery 11 from the battery placing rack 7; then the rotating seat 4 rotates so that the positions of the two battery receiving seats 5 are interchanged, and the full battery 11 is placed
  • the battery receiving base 5 is close to the electric vehicle, and then the battery gripping mechanism 6 pushes the full battery 11 into the electric vehicle under the action of the fifth power device, and the battery receiving base 5 with the empty battery 11 is close to the battery placement rack 7.
  • the battery grasping mechanism 6 pushes the empty battery 11 into the battery placement rack 7 under the action of the fifth power device; in this way, the battery replacement of the electric vehicle is completed, replacing labor, and the efficiency is higher.
  • the sliding seat 3 drives the rotating seat 4 to slide horizontally, while the lifting seat 2 drives the rotating seat 4 to lift. In this way, the full battery 11 can be easily removed from any position on the battery rack 7, or the empty state The battery 11 is placed at any position on the battery placement rack 7.
  • the battery grasping mechanism 6 includes: a bottom plate 61, a first motor 62, a driving block 63, a driving rod 64, a connecting rod 65, a guide plate 66, a clamping block 67 and a buckle 68.
  • the bottom plate 61 slides with the battery receiving seat 5
  • the first motor 62 is installed on the bottom plate 61
  • the guide plate 66 is fixed on the bottom plate 61
  • two ends of the guide plate 66 are provided with guide holes 661
  • the drive block 63 is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor 62
  • the drive rod 64 There are two, one end of the driving rod 64 is rotatably connected with the driving block 63, and the connecting part of the driving rod 64 and the driving block 63 is spaced apart from the output shaft of the first motor 62, and the connecting rod 65 rotates with the other end of the driving rod 64
  • the connecting rod 65 is fitted in the guide hole 661
  • the clamping block 67 is connected with the connecting rod 65
  • the clamping block 67 is slidably connected with the guide plate 66
  • the buckle 68 is used to cooperate with the clamping block 67.
  • a guide rail 12 is installed on the battery receiving seat 5, and the bottom plate 61 is slidably connected to the guide rail 12.
  • the buckle 68 is installed on the battery 11.
  • the battery receiving seat 5 slides close to the battery 11 on the electric vehicle under the action of the fourth power device, and then the battery grasping mechanism is in the fifth position. It slides along the battery receiving seat 5 under the action of the power device.
  • the block 67 is close to the battery 12
  • the first motor 62 drives the driving block 63 to rotate, and the driving rod 64 rotates. The rotation of the driving rod 64 drives the connecting rod in the guide hole 661.
  • the sliding of the connecting rod 65 drives the sliding of the clip 67, the clip 67 is inserted into the buckle 68, and then the fifth power unit drives the battery grabbing mechanism 6 to return to its original position, and the battery 11 is pulled out from the electric vehicle to On the battery receiving seat 5, the grabbing of the battery 11 is completed, and the fifth power device can also prompt the battery grabbing mechanism 6 to push the battery into the battery storage rack 7 or the electric vehicle.
  • two ends of the guide plate 66 are provided with guide sleeves 662, and the clamping blocks 67 are slidably fitted in the guide sleeves 662.
  • the clamping block 67 can conveniently realize the sliding connection with the guide plate 66.
  • the buckle 68 is a U-shaped plate.
  • the fifth power unit includes: a second motor 8, a gear 9 and a rack 10, the rack 10 is mounted on the battery receiving seat 5, the second motor 8 is fixed on the bottom plate 61, and the gear 9 is fixed on the second motor 8. On the output shaft, the gear 9 and the rack 10 cooperate.
  • the second motor 8 drives the gear 9 to rotate. Because the gear 9 cooperates with the rack 10, the gear 9 slides along the rack 10, thereby driving the sliding of the second motor 8, and the second motor 8 driving the sliding of the bottom plate 61.
  • the edge of the battery receiving seat 5 is provided with rollers 51, and a plurality of rollers 51 are provided, and the plurality of rollers 51 are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery grasping mechanism 6.
  • the axis of the roller 51 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the battery grabbing mechanism 6, and the axis of the rollers 51 are parallel to each other.
  • rollers 41 are arranged on both sides of the rotating base 4, and a plurality of rollers 41 are vertically arranged, and the plurality of rollers 41 are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the battery grasping mechanism 6. Specifically, the axis of the roller 41 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the battery grabbing mechanism 6, and the axis of the rollers 41 are parallel to each other.
  • positioning rods 52 are provided on both sides of the front end of the battery receiving seat 5.
  • a positioning hole is provided on the car or battery placement rack 7, and the positioning rod 52 is inserted into the positioning hole, thereby realizing the positioning between the battery receiving seat 5 and the car or battery placement rack 7, and the battery grasping mechanism 6 can be more Grasp the battery accurately.
  • the end of the positioning rod 52 is tapered.
  • the positioning rod 52 can still be inserted into the positioning hole.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动汽车的电池更换装置，包括：支架(1)；升降座(2)，升降座(2)竖直滑动安装在支架(1)上；第一动力装置，用于驱动升降座(2)的升降；滑动座(3)，滑动座(3)滑动安装在升降座(2)上；第二动力装置，用于驱动滑动座(3)的滑动；旋转座(4)，旋转座(4)旋转安装在滑动座(3)上；第三动力装置，用于驱动旋转座(4)的转动；电池接收座(5)，电池接收座(5)设置有两个，两个电池接收座(5)滑动安装在旋转座(4)的两端；第四动力装置，用于驱动电池接收座(5)的滑动；电池抓取机构(6)，电池抓取机构(6)滑动安装在两个电池接收座(5)上；第五动力装置，用于驱动电池抓取机构(6)滑动；电池放置架(7)。该电池更换装置能方便地完成电动汽车的电池(11)更换，取代人工，效率较高。

Description

一种电动汽车的电池更换装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电动汽车的电池更换装置。
背景技术
电动汽车是指有电力驱动的汽车，电池是电动汽车的重要组成部分。当电池的电量用完后，需要对电池进行充电，但是电池充电通常需要较长的时间，因此为了节约时间，通常将电量已经用完的电池取出，并安装上事先充满电的电池。而更换电池的过程通常采用人工的方式，由于电池的质量和体积较大，因此人工更换电池费时费力。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种电动汽车的电池更换装置，能方便地完成电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种电动汽车的电池更换装置，包括：
支架；
升降座，所述升降座竖直滑动安装在所述支架上；
第一动力装置，用于驱动所述升降座的升降；
滑动座，所述滑动座滑动安装在所述升降座上；
第二动力装置，用于驱动所述滑动座的滑动；
旋转座，所述旋转座旋转安装在所述滑动座上；
第三动力装置，用于驱动所述旋转座的转动；
电池接收座，所述电池接收座设置有两个，两个所述电池接收座滑动安装在所述旋转座的两端；
第四动力装置，用于驱动所述电池接收座的滑动；
电池抓取机构，所述电池抓取机构设置有两个，两个所述电池抓取机构分别滑动安装在两个所述电池接收座上；
第五动力装置，用于驱动所述电池抓取机构滑动；
电池放置架，所述电池放置架位于所述支架的一侧。
优选的：所述电池抓取机构包括：底板、第一电机、驱动块、驱动杆、连杆、导向板、卡块和卡扣，所述底板与所述电池接收座滑动连接，所述第一电机安装在所述底板上，所述导向板固定在所述底板上，所述导向板的两端设置有导向孔；所述驱动块固定在所述第一电机的输出轴上；所述驱动杆设置有两个，所述驱动杆的一端与所述驱动块转动连接，且所述驱动杆与所述驱动块的连接部位与所述第一电机的输出轴间隔设置，所述连杆与所述驱动杆的另一端转动连接，所述连杆配合在所述导向孔内，所述卡块与所述连杆连接，且所述卡块与所述导向板滑动连接；所述卡扣用于和所述卡块配合。
优选的：所述导向板的两端设置有导向套，所述卡块滑动配合在所述导向套内。
优选的：所述卡扣为U型板。
优选的：所述第五动力装置包括：第二电机、齿轮和齿条，所述齿条安装在所述电池接收座上，所述第二电机固定在所述底板上，所述齿轮固定在所述第二电机的输出轴上，所述齿轮和所述齿条配合。
优选的：所述电池接收座的边缘设置有滚轮，所述滚轮设置有多个，多个所述滚轮沿着所述电池抓取机构的滑动方向间隔设置。
优选的：所述旋转座的两侧设置有滚筒，所述滚筒竖直设置有多个，多个所述滚筒沿着所述电池抓取机构的滑动方向间隔设置。
优选的：所述电池接收座的前端两侧设置有定位杆。
优选的：所述定位杆的端部呈锥状。
本发明的有益效果是：其中一个电池接收座在第四动力装置的作用下滑动并靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下靠近电池，并将电池抓取，第五动力装置促使电池抓取机构将电池拖至电池接收座上，电池接收座再回复原位，这样便将空态电池取下了；而安装在旋转座的另一端的电池接收座和电池抓取机构也采用同样的步骤从电池放置架上取下满电池；接着旋转座旋转，使得两个电池接收座的位置互换，放置有满电池的电池接收座靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下将满电池推入电动汽车内，而放置有空态电池的电池接收座则靠近电池放置架，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下将空态电池推入电池放置架上；这样一来，便完成了电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。同时滑动座带动旋转座横向滑动，而升降座则带动旋转座升降，这样一来，便能方便地从电池放置架上的任何一个位置取下满电池，或者将空态电池放置在电池放置架上的任何一个位置。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明所述电动汽车的电池更换装置的实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本发明所述电动汽车的电池更换装置的实施例的左视图；
图3为本发明所述电动汽车的电池更换装置的实施例的局部结构示意图一；
图4为本发明所述电动汽车的电池更换装置的实施例的局部结构示意图二；
图5为本发明所述电动汽车的电池更换装置的实施例的局部结构示意图三；
图6为实施例中的电池接收座和电池抓取机构的结构示意图；
图7为实施例中的电池抓取机构的结构示意图一；
图8为实施例中的电池抓取机构的结构示意图二；
图9为图8中A处的放大图；
图10为实施例中的电池抓取机构的局部结构示意图；
图11为图10中的B处的放大图；
图12为图10中的C处的放大图；
图13为实施例中的电池接收座、电池抓取机构和第五动力装置的结构示意图；
图14为实施例中的卡扣安装在电池上的结构示意图。
其中：
1、支架；
2、升降座；
3、滑动座；
4、旋转座；41、滚筒；
5、电池接收座；51、滚轮；52、定位杆；
6、电池抓取机构；61、底板；62、第一电机；63、驱动块；64、驱动杆；65、连杆；66、导向板；661、导向孔；662、导向套；67、卡块；68、卡扣；
7、电池放置架；
8、第二电机；
9、齿轮；
10、齿条；
11、电池；
12、导轨。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位和位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
如图1—图14所示，
实施例一：
一种电动汽车的电池更换装置，包括：
支架1；
升降座2，升降座2竖直滑动安装在支架1上；
第一动力装置，用于驱动升降座2的升降；
滑动座3，滑动座3滑动安装在升降座2上；
第二动力装置，用于驱动滑动座3的滑动；
旋转座4，旋转座4旋转安装在滑动座3上；
第三动力装置，用于驱动旋转座4的转动；
电池接收座5，电池接收座5设置有两个，两个电池接收座5滑动安装在旋转座4的两端；
第四动力装置，用于驱动电池接收座5的滑动；
电池抓取机构6，电池抓取机构6设置有两个，两个电池抓取机构6分别滑动安装在两个电池接收座上5；
第五动力装置，用于驱动电池抓取机构6滑动；
电池放置架7，电池放置架7位于支架1的一侧。
这样一来，其中一个电池接收座5在第四动力装置的作用下滑动并靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构6在第五动力装置的作用下靠近电池11，并将电池11抓取，第五动力装置促使电池抓取机构6将电池11拖至电池接收座5上，电池接收座5再回复原位，这样便将空态电池11取下了；而安装在旋转座4的另一端的电池接收座5和电池抓取机构6也采用同样的步骤从电池放置架7上取下满电池11；接着旋转座4旋转，使得两个电池接收座5的位置互 换，放置有满电池11的电池接收座5靠近电动汽车，接着电池抓取机构6在第五动力装置的作用下将满电池11推入电动汽车内，而放置有空态电池11的电池接收座5则靠近电池放置架7，接着电池抓取机构6在第五动力装置的作用下将空态电池11推入电池放置架7上；这样一来，便完成了电动汽车的电池更换，取代人工，效率较高。同时滑动座3带动旋转座4横向滑动，而升降座2则带动旋转座4升降，这样一来，便能方便地从电池放置架7上的任何一个位置取下满电池11，或者将空态电池11放置在电池放置架7上的任何一个位置。
另外的，电池抓取机构6包括：底板61、第一电机62、驱动块63、驱动杆64、连杆65、导向板66、卡块67和卡扣68，底板61与电池接收座5滑动连接，第一电机62安装在底板61上，导向板66固定在底板61上，导向板66的两端设置有导向孔661；驱动块63固定在第一电机62的输出轴上；驱动杆64设置有两个，驱动杆64的一端与驱动块63转动连接，且驱动杆64与驱动块63的连接部位与第一电机62的输出轴间隔设置，连杆65与驱动杆64的另一端转动连接，连杆65配合在导向孔661内，卡块67与连杆65连接，且卡块67与导向板66滑动连接；卡扣68用于和卡块67配合。具体来说，电池接收座5上安装有导轨12，底板61与导轨12滑动连接。
这样一来，将卡扣68安装在电池11上，当抓取电池11时，电池接收座5在第四动力装置的作用下滑动靠近电动汽车上的电池11，接着电池抓取机构在第五动力装置的作用下沿着电池接收座5滑动，当卡块67靠近电池12时，第一电机62驱动驱动块63转动，驱动杆64发生转动，驱动杆64的转动带动连杆在导向孔661内发生滑动，连杆65的滑动带动卡块67的滑动，卡块67插入卡扣68内，接着第五动力装置带动电池抓取机构6回复原位，将电池11从电动汽车内拖出至电池接收座5上，从而便完成了电池11的抓取，而第五动力装置也可以促使电池抓取机构6将电池推入电池放置架7或电动汽车内。
另外的，导向板66的两端设置有导向套662，卡块67滑动配合在导向套662内。
这样一来，卡块67能方便地实现与导向板66的滑动连接。
另外的，卡扣68为U型板。
这样一来，能便于卡块67插入卡扣68内。
另外的，第五动力装置包括：第二电机8、齿轮9和齿条10，齿条10安装在电池接收座5上，第二电机8固定在底板61上，齿轮9固定在第二电机8的输出轴上，齿轮9和齿条10配合。
这样一来，第二电机8促使齿轮9转动，由于齿轮9与齿条10配合，齿轮9沿着齿条10滑动，从而带动第二电机8的滑动，第二电机8带动底板61的滑动。
实施例二：
在该实施例中，电池接收座5的边缘设置有滚轮51，滚轮51设置有多个，多个滚轮51沿着电池抓取机构6的滑动方向间隔设置。具体来说，滚轮51的轴心线与电池抓取机构6的滑动方向垂直，滚轮51之间的轴心线相互平行。
这样一来，电池在滚轮51上滑动，电池与滚轮51之间的摩擦较小，因此滑动较为顺畅。
另外的，旋转座4的两侧设置有滚筒41，滚筒41竖直设置有多个，多个滚筒41沿着电池抓取机构6的滑动方向间隔设置。具体来说，滚筒41的轴心线与电池抓取机构6的滑动方向垂直，滚筒41之间的轴心线相互平行。
这样一来，当电池被拖入电池接收座5上后，电池接收座5沿着旋转座4滑动，电池11的侧面沿着滚筒41滑动，电池11的横向得到定位，便于后续准确地将电池11放入电池放置架7上。
另外的，电池接收座5的前端两侧设置有定位杆52。
这样一来，在汽车或者电池放置架7上设置定位孔，定位杆52插入定位孔内，从而实现了电池接收座5与汽车或者电池放置架7之间的定位，电池抓取机构6能更加准确地抓取电池。
另外的，定位杆52的端部呈锥状。
这样一来，当定位杆52与定位孔之间存在细小的误差时，由于定位杆52的端部呈锥状，定位杆52依旧能插入定位孔内。
总之，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于，包括：
    支架；
    升降座，所述升降座竖直滑动安装在所述支架上；
    第一动力装置，用于驱动所述升降座的升降；
    滑动座，所述滑动座滑动安装在所述升降座上；
    第二动力装置，用于驱动所述滑动座的滑动；
    旋转座，所述旋转座旋转安装在所述滑动座上；
    第三动力装置，用于驱动所述旋转座的转动；
    电池接收座，所述电池接收座设置有两个，两个所述电池接收座滑动安装在所述旋转座的两端；
    第四动力装置，用于驱动所述电池接收座的滑动；
    电池抓取机构，所述电池抓取机构设置有两个，两个所述电池抓取机构分别滑动安装在两个所述电池接收座上；
    第五动力装置，用于驱动所述电池抓取机构滑动；
    电池放置架，所述电池放置架位于所述支架的一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于：所述电池抓取机构包括：底板、第一电机、驱动块、驱动杆、连杆、导向板、卡块和卡扣，所述底板与所述电池接收座滑动连接，所述第一电机安装在所述底板上，所述导向板固定在所述底板上，所述导向板的两端设置有导向孔；所述驱动块固定在所述第一电机的输出轴上；所述驱动杆设置有两个，所述驱动杆的一端与所述驱动块转动连接，且所述驱动杆与所述驱动块的连接部位与所述第一电机的输出轴间隔设置，所述连杆与所述驱动杆的另一端转动连接，所述连杆配合在所述导向孔内，所述卡块与所述连杆连接，且所述卡块与所述导向板滑动连接；所述卡扣用于和所述卡块配合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于：所述导向板的两端设置有导向套，所述卡块滑动配合在所述导向套内。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于：所述卡扣为U型板。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于：所述第五动力装置包括：第二电机、齿轮和齿条，所述齿条安装在所述电池接收座上，所述第二电机固定在所述底板上，所述齿轮固定在所述第二电机的输出轴上，所述齿轮和所述齿条配合。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于：所述电池接收座的边缘设置有滚轮，所述滚轮设置有多个，多个所述滚轮沿着所述电池抓取机构的滑动方向间隔设置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于：所述旋转座的两侧设置有滚筒，所述滚筒竖直设置有多个，多个所述滚筒沿着所述电池抓取机构的滑动方向间隔设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于：所述电池接收座的前端两侧设置有定位杆。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电动汽车的电池更换装置，其特征在于：所述定位杆的端部呈锥状。
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