WO2021233110A1 - 显示装置及其制备方法和智能魔镜 - Google Patents

显示装置及其制备方法和智能魔镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021233110A1
WO2021233110A1 PCT/CN2021/090915 CN2021090915W WO2021233110A1 WO 2021233110 A1 WO2021233110 A1 WO 2021233110A1 CN 2021090915 W CN2021090915 W CN 2021090915W WO 2021233110 A1 WO2021233110 A1 WO 2021233110A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
substrate
layer
display panel
transparent substrate
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PCT/CN2021/090915
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏伟
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US17/628,054 priority Critical patent/US20220276416A1/en
Publication of WO2021233110A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021233110A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • G02B5/0816—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G1/00—Mirrors; Picture frames or the like, e.g. provided with heating, lighting or ventilating means
    • A47G1/02—Mirrors used as equipment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/14—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
    • G06F3/147—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units using display panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/003—Light absorbing elements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a display device, a preparation method thereof, and a smart mirror.
  • Smart mirror is a multifunctional terminal device integrating mirror function, display function and interactive function.
  • the smart mirror When the smart mirror is not turned on, it is an ordinary mirror.
  • the system When the system is powered on, it can sense the arrival of people and automatically wake up the screen. At this time, it becomes a smart display that can interact with users in a variety of ways. interactive. In practical applications, it is found that there is a serious ghosting problem when the smart mirror is used as a smart display.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a display device, a preparation method thereof, and a smart mirror.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, including: a display panel and a functional substrate located on the light-emitting side of the display panel, the functional substrate includes: a transparent substrate configured to be away from the display panel One side inner surface has a first total reflection angle; the specular reflection layer is located on the side of the transparent substrate; the holographic film layer is located between the transparent substrate and the specular reflection layer, and is configured such that the propagation direction is toward the transparent substrate and the incident angle is at the first Part of the incident light within a range of an incident angle is diffracted and enters the transparent substrate at a first incident angle, and the first incident angle is greater than or equal to the first total reflection angle.
  • a light absorbing layer is formed on the side of the transparent substrate.
  • the upper limit of the preset light incident angle range is greater than or equal to the preset total reflection angle.
  • a touch substrate and a cover plate are sequentially arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel and in a direction away from the display panel, and the touch substrate includes: a first base substrate and a A touch function structure on the side of a base substrate close to the display panel; the specular reflection layer and the holographic film layer are located between the first base substrate and the cover plate, and the holographic film layer is attached To the cover; the transparent substrate is the cover.
  • a touch substrate is provided on the light emitting side of the display panel, and the touch substrate includes: a first base substrate and a touch panel located on a side of the first base substrate close to the display panel. Control function structure; the specular reflection layer and the holographic film layer are located on the side of the first base substrate away from the display panel, and the holographic film layer is attached to the first base substrate; the transparent substrate Is the first base substrate.
  • an encapsulation layer is provided on a side of the functional substrate away from the display panel, and the encapsulation layer includes: a protective layer and/or a waterproof layer; wherein, when the encapsulation layer also includes the protective layer When using the waterproof layer, the waterproof layer is located on the side of the protective layer away from the display panel.
  • the cover plate, the holographic film layer, the specular reflection layer, and the side surface of the touch substrate are all formed with a light-absorbing layer.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a smart magic mirror, including the display device as provided in the first aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a method for preparing a display device, which can be used to prepare the display device in the first aspect, including: preparing a display panel; preparing a functional substrate, the functional substrate includes: a transparent substrate, a mirror surface The reflective layer and the holographic film layer, wherein the transparent substrate is configured such that the inner surface of the side far away from the display panel has a first total reflection angle, the specular reflection layer is located on one side of the transparent substrate, and the holographic film The layer is located between the transparent substrate and the specular reflection layer, and the holographic film layer is configured such that part of the incident light whose propagation direction is toward the transparent substrate and the incident angle is within the range of the first incident angle is diffracted and emitted as the first light. The angle is incident into the transparent substrate, and the first light exit angle is greater than or equal to the first total reflection angle; and the functional substrate is assembled on the light exit side of the display panel.
  • the step of forming the holographic film layer in the process of preparing the functional substrate includes: forming a photosensitive material layer on one side of the second base substrate; irradiating the photosensitive material layer with object light and reference light, The interference between the object light and the reference light is used to enable the photosensitive material layer to record the propagation direction of its interference light, wherein the angle between the object light and the plane on which the photosensitive material layer is located is maintained at the first A light exit angle, the angle between the reference light and the plane where the photosensitive material layer is located gradually increases from the lower limit of the first light incident angle range to the upper limit of the first light incident angle range value.
  • the transparent substrate is disposed on the side of the holographic film layer away from the second base substrate, and the specular reflection layer is disposed on the second base substrate A side away from the holographic film layer.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a smart mirror involved in related technologies
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light path when the smart mirror shown in Fig. 1 is used as a smart display screen;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a functional substrate in the display panel shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the functional substrate in the display panel shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a light path when the light in the display panel enters the functional substrate shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a light path when the light in the display panel enters the functional substrate shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of an optional implementation manner for implementing step S2 in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of another optional implementation manner for implementing step S2 in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a smart mirror involved in the related art.
  • the smart mirror includes a display panel 11, a touch substrate 12 on the light-emitting side of the display panel 11, a mirror reflection layer 13, and a cover plate. 14.
  • the mirror reflection layer 13 in the smart mirror can perform mirror reflection, and the smart mirror is used as a mirror; when the display panel 11 is displaying, the light emitted by the display panel 11 sequentially passes through the touch substrate 12.
  • the mirror reflection layer 13 and the cover plate 14 are projected together.
  • the smart mirror is used as a smart display screen, and the user can interact with each other based on the touch substrate 12.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic diagram of a light path when the smart mirror shown in Figure 1 is used as a smart display.
  • the touch substrate 12 and the specular reflection layer 13 are injected into the cover plate 14, after the light 1 reaches the surface of the cover plate 14 away from the display panel 11, part of the light will be refracted out of the cover plate 14 to form the refracted light 2, and the other part of the light will be reflected
  • the reflected light 3 will be reflected on the surface to form the reflected light 3, which will be directed to the specular reflection layer 13, and will be reflected again on the surface of the specular reflection layer 13 to form the reflected light 4; the reflected light 4 reaches the surface of the cover 14 away from the display panel 11 Later, part of the light rays will be refracted out of the cover plate 14 to form a refracted light 5; both the refracted light 2 and the refracted light 5 will be observed by the human eye, that is, the human eye observes the original image A'and the ghost image A", that is, refraction
  • the light transmittance of the cover plate 14 on the side far from the specular reflection layer 13 is m% and the reflectance is 1-m%
  • the light transmittance of the reflection layer 13 is Taking n% and the reflectivity of 1-n% as an example, for illustrative description, both m and n are greater than 0 and less than 1.
  • the brightness of the light 1 reaching the surface of the cover 14 away from the display panel 11 is Q
  • the brightness of the light 2 to the light 5 is as follows:
  • the brightness of light 2 is: Q*m;
  • the brightness of light 3 is: Q*(1-m);
  • the brightness of light 4 is: Q*(1-m)*(1-n);
  • the brightness of light 5 is: Q*(1-m)*(1-n)*m;
  • the brightness ratio of light 2 to light 5 is:
  • the smaller the ratio of the brightness corresponding to the refracted ray 2 to the brightness corresponding to the refracted ray 5 (the smaller the contrast between the pixel A'and the image A"), the more obvious the ghosting effect.
  • the greater the viewing angle of the user The larger the distance between image A'and image A", the more obvious the ghosting effect.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure adopts a display device, a preparation method thereof, and a smart mirror.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a functional substrate in the display panel shown in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is another structural diagram of a functional substrate in the display panel shown in FIG. 3
  • the display device includes: a display panel 11 and a functional substrate 21 located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 11.
  • the functional substrate 21 includes: a transparent substrate 16 that is disposed away from the display panel 11
  • the side inner surface has a preset total reflection angle; the specular reflection layer 13, which is located on the side of the transparent substrate 16; and, the holographic film layer 15, which is located between the transparent substrate 16 and the specular reflection layer 13, is configured such that the propagation direction is toward the transparent Part of the incident light on the substrate 16 whose incident angle is within the preset incident angle range is diffracted and incident into the transparent substrate 16 at the preset incident angle, and the preset incident angle is greater than or equal to the preset total reflection angle.
  • the preset total reflection angle of the inner surface of the transparent substrate 16 away from the display panel 11 is determined by the material of the transparent substrate 16 and the material of the medium in contact with the surface of the transparent substrate 16 away from the display panel 11;
  • the refractive index of the surface of the transparent substrate 16 away from the display panel 11 that is in contact with the medium should be smaller than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 16.
  • the transparent substrate 16 is a glass substrate.
  • the mirror reflection layer 13 is a film with a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective function, that is, the mirror reflection layer 13 can not only reflect light, but also transmit light (the mirror reflection layer 13 has a certain light transmittance).
  • the specular reflection layer 13 is made of a non-metallic reflective material.
  • the specular reflection layer 13 is composed of alternately stacked high-refractive-index titanium dioxide layers and low-refractive-index silicon dioxide layers, which can achieve a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective effect.
  • the transparent substrate 16 there are two types of lamination of the transparent substrate 16, the specular reflection layer 13, and the holographic film layer 15 in the functional substrate 21: 1) As shown in FIG. The film layer 15 and the specular reflection layer 13; 2) As shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a light path when the light in the display panel enters the functional substrate shown in FIG. , The interface between the holographic film layer 15 and the specular reflection layer 13 is refracted, resulting in a change in the propagation angle.
  • the light 1'emitted by the display panel 11 passes through the specular reflection layer 13 and is incident on the holographic film layer 15 at an incident angle a (assuming that the incident angle a is less than the preset total reflection angle P and within the preset light incident angle range).
  • Both the refracted ray 5'and the refracted ray 9' will be observed by the human eye, that is, the image A'and the image A" observed by the human eye.
  • the light incident angle is a
  • the light transmittance of the transparent substrate 16 at the side of the surface away from the specular reflection layer 13 is m and the reflectivity is 1-m
  • the light transmittance of the reflective layer 13 is n and the reflectance is 1- n
  • the direct light transmittance on the holographic film layer is s and the light diffraction rate of the light diffraction effect is 1-s as an example, for illustrative description, m, n, and s are all greater than 0 and less than 1.
  • the brightness of light 1'when it reaches the holographic film layer is Q
  • the brightness of light 2'to light 10' is as follows:
  • the brightness of light 2’ is: Q*s;
  • the brightness of light 3' is: Q*(1-s);
  • the brightness of light 4' is: Q*(1-s)*(1-m);
  • the brightness of light 5’ is: Q*s*m;
  • the brightness of light 6' is: Q*s*(1-m);
  • the brightness of light 7' is: Q*s*(1-m)*(1-n);
  • the brightness of the light 8' is: Q*s*(1-m)*(1-n)*s;
  • the brightness of the light 9' is: Q*s*(1-m)*(1-n)*s*m;
  • the brightness of the light 10' is: Q*s*(1-m)*(1-n)*(1-s);
  • the brightness ratio of light 5'to light 9' is the brightness ratio of light 5'to light 9'.
  • the technology of the present disclosure can increase the brightness ratio (contrast) between the original image A′ and the ghost image A" observed by the human eye, so that the ghosting effect is reduced.
  • the holographic The refractive index of the film layer 15 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the transparent substrate 16.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a light path when the light in the display panel enters the functional substrate shown in FIG. , The interface between the holographic film layer 15 and the specular reflection layer 13 is refracted, resulting in a change in the propagation angle.
  • the light 1'emitted by the display panel 11 passes through the transparent substrate 16 and the holographic film layer 15 (light rays traveling away from the display panel 11 will not be diffracted when they pass through the holographic film layer 15) and then enter the specular reflection layer 13, and the light 1 'Shoot the specular reflection layer 13 at the incident angle a; wherein, suppose that the preset total reflection angle corresponding to the inner surface of the transparent substrate 16 far from the display panel 11 is P, the incident angle a is less than the preset total reflection angle P and is at Within the preset incident angle range; at this time, part of the light 1'will be refracted to form a refracted light 2', and the other part will be reflected to form a light 3', and the light 3'will be incident on the holographic film layer 15 at the incident angle a Part of the light 3'is transmitted in the original propagation direction to form a light 4', and another part of the light 3'is diffracted under the action of the holographic film layer 15, and
  • Light 5' is formed in 16, and the light 5'is reflected on the surface of the transparent substrate 16 away from the holographic film layer 15 (may be total reflection, or may not be total reflection), and then light 6 is formed, and light 6'will be preset
  • the light exit angle b is directed toward the surface of the transparent substrate 16 away from the display panel. Since the preset light exit angle b is greater than the preset total reflection angle P, the light 6'will be totally reflected on the surface of the transparent substrate 16 away from the display panel.
  • the light 4' is reflected on the side surface of the transparent substrate 16 away from the holographic film layer 15 to form a light 7', the light 7'passes through the transparent substrate 16, the holographic film layer 15 (the light traveling away from the display panel 11 passes through the holographic When the film layer 15 does not diffract, it enters the mirror reflection layer 13, and the light 7'hits the mirror reflection layer 13 at the incident angle a; part of the light 7'will be refracted to form a refracted light 8', and the other part will occur reflection.
  • the light incident angle is a
  • the light transmittance of the transparent substrate 16 at the side of the surface away from the specular reflection layer 13 is m and the reflectivity is 1-m
  • the light transmittance of the reflective layer 13 is n and the reflectance is 1- n
  • the direct light transmittance on the holographic film layer is s and the light diffraction rate of the light diffraction effect is 1 to s as an example, for exemplary description, m, n, and s are all greater than 0 and less than 1.
  • the brightness of light 2’ is: Q*n;
  • the brightness of light 3' is: Q*(1-n);
  • the brightness of light 4’ is: Q*(1-n)*s;
  • the brightness of light 5' is: Q*(1-n)*(1-s);
  • the brightness of the light 6' is determined by factors such as the brightness of the light 5', the angle b, the material of the transparent substrate 16, and the material of the medium in contact with the surface of the transparent substrate 16 away from the specular reflection layer; among them, when the light 5'is full When reflecting, the brightness of the light 6'is equal to the brightness of the light 5'.
  • the brightness of light 7' is: Q*(1-n)*s*(1-m);
  • the brightness of the light 8' is: Q*(1-n)*s*(1-m)*n;
  • the brightness ratio of light 2'to light 8' is
  • the technology of the present disclosure can increase the brightness ratio (contrast) between the original image A′ and the ghost image A" observed by the human eye, so that the ghosting effect is reduced.
  • the refractive index of the holographic film layer 15 should be smaller than the refraction of the touch substrate 12.
  • preset light incident angle range in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be set according to actual needs.
  • the problem of ghosting is relatively serious when the human eye is viewed at a larger angle
  • the upper limit of the light angle range is greater than or equal to the preset total reflection angle; optionally, the upper limit of the preset light incident angle range is equal to the preset total reflection angle.
  • the lower limit of the preset light incident angle range is less than the preset total reflection angle.
  • the lower limit of the preset light incident angle range is set to 0°, and at this time, the light rays whose incident angle a is within the range of 0 to the preset total reflection angle can be subjected to “de-shadow” processing.
  • the light with a small incident angle a may not be "eliminated", and the incident light is preset at this time
  • the lower limit of the angle range can be set according to actual needs; for example, the lower limit of the preset light incident angle range is set to 10°.
  • a light absorbing layer 17 is formed on the side of the transparent substrate 16 to absorb light reaching the side of the transparent substrate 16.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the display device provided in this embodiment is a specific solution based on the display device shown in FIG. 3.
  • the touch substrate 12 includes a first base substrate 121 and a first base substrate 121 located close to the display panel.
  • the touch function structure 122 on the side 11; the specular reflection layer 13 and the holographic film layer 15 are located between the first base substrate 121 and the cover plate 14, and the holographic film layer 15 is closer to the cover plate 14 than the specular reflection layer 13 (for example As shown in FIG. 8, the holographic film layer 15 is attached below the cover plate 14 ); the transparent substrate 16 is the cover plate 14.
  • the cover plate 14, the holographic film layer 15 and the specular reflection layer 13 correspond to the functional substrate 21 shown in FIG. 4.
  • any existing touch function structure can be used for the touch function structure 122, for example, the touch function structure 122 is a capacitive touch structure (self-capacitive touch or mutual capacitive touch), Resistive touch structure or ultrasonic touch structure, etc.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure does not limit the specific structure of the touch function structure 122.
  • the holographic film layer 15 needs to be independently prepared, and then the holographic film layer 15 is attached to the specular reflection layer 13 and the cover plate 14 respectively.
  • the holographic film layer 15 is prepared on the base substrate (referred to as the second base substrate) to obtain the holographic substrate, and then the entire holographic substrate is attached to the specular reflection layer 13 and the cover plate 14, so that in the final In the manufactured display panel 11, there will be a second base substrate (not shown in FIG. 8) between the holographic film layer 15 and the specular reflection layer 13.
  • an encapsulation layer is provided on the side of the cover plate 14 away from the display panel 11 for encapsulating the functional substrate 21.
  • the encapsulation layer includes: a protective layer 18 and/or a waterproof layer 19.
  • the protective layer 18 is made of a high-hardness and transparent material for protecting the functional substrate 21; in some embodiments, the material of the protective layer 18 includes at least one of silicon dioxide and silicon nitride.
  • the waterproof layer 19 is used to prevent the functional substrate 21 from being corroded by humid air, sweat liquid, moisture, and the like.
  • the waterproof layer 19 is mainly composed of the following raw materials according to a weight percentage ratio: 25%-65% of nano fluoropolymer particles (particle size between 50-100nm), 0.05%-10% of polysiloxane , Polyurethane 4%-20%, odorless solvent 30%-75%, wollastonite fiber 1%-20%, nano-titanium dioxide 0.2%-10%, nano-zinc oxide 0.5%-10%.
  • the waterproof liquid can be prepared according to the above-mentioned ratio first, and then in a vacuum and dust-free environment, the waterproof liquid is sprayed on the substrate through ultrasonic vibration, and finally defoaming and laser annealing are performed to obtain Nano-scale film (thickness range 5-30nm) that can play a role in waterproof packaging.
  • the drawings only exemplify the case where the encapsulation layer includes the protective layer 18 and the waterproof layer 19 at the same time.
  • the waterproof layer 19 is located on the side of the protective layer 18 away from the display panel 11.
  • the light absorption layer 17 also covers the holographic film layer 15, the specular reflection layer 13 and the sides of the touch substrate 12.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the display device provided in this embodiment is a specific solution based on the display device shown in FIG. 3.
  • a touch substrate 12 is provided on the light-emitting side of the display panel 11.
  • the touch substrate 12 includes: a first base substrate 121 and a touch function structure 122 located on the side of the first base substrate 121 close to the display panel 11; a specular reflective layer 13.
  • the holographic film layer 15 is located on the side of the first base substrate 121 away from the display panel 11, and the holographic film layer 15 is closer to the first base substrate 121 than the specular reflection layer 13 (as shown in FIG.
  • the holographic film layer 15 is attached Closed above the first base substrate 121); the transparent substrate 16 is the first base substrate 121. At this time, the first base substrate 121, the holographic film layer 15 and the specular reflection layer 13 correspond to the functional substrate 21 shown in FIG. 5.
  • the display device provided in this embodiment does not include the cover plate 14, which is beneficial to the lightness and thinness of the display device.
  • an encapsulation layer is provided on the side of the specular reflection layer 13 away from the display panel 11.
  • the encapsulation layer please refer to the previous content, which will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a smart mirror, which includes the display device provided in the previous embodiment.
  • a smart mirror which includes the display device provided in the previous embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a manufacturing method of a display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 10, the manufacturing method is used to prepare the display device provided in the previous embodiment, and the manufacturing method includes:
  • Step S1 preparing a display panel.
  • the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel or an organic light emitting diode display panel.
  • Step S2 A functional substrate is prepared.
  • the functional substrate includes: a transparent substrate, a specular reflection layer and a holographic film layer.
  • the transparent substrate is configured such that the inner surface of the side away from the display panel has a preset total reflection angle
  • the specular reflection layer is located on the side of the transparent substrate
  • the holographic film layer is located between the transparent substrate and the specular reflection layer
  • the holographic film layer is configured such that The incident light whose propagation direction is toward the display panel and the incident angle is within the preset light incident angle range is diffracted, and the light that enters the transparent substrate from the holographic film layer and the surface of the transparent substrate away from the display panel are preset to emit light Angle, the preset light angle is greater than or equal to the preset total reflection angle.
  • Step S3 Assemble the functional substrate on the light emitting side of the display panel.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of an alternative implementation of step S2 in the embodiments of the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 11, in some embodiments, when the display device shown in FIG. 8 is used as the display device, step S2 includes:
  • step S201a a touch function structure and a specular reflection layer are respectively formed on opposite sides of the first base substrate.
  • Step S202a forming a holographic film layer on one side of the second base substrate to obtain a holographic substrate.
  • Step S203a bonding opposite sides of the holographic substrate to the mirror reflection layer and the cover plate respectively, wherein the second base substrate is bonded to the mirror reflection layer, and the holographic film layer is bonded to the cover plate.
  • the second base substrate is formed between the holographic film layer and the specular reflection layer.
  • the holographic substrate is attached to the specular reflection layer and the cover plate through a photocurable glue.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of another alternative implementation manner of implementing step S2 in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 12, in some embodiments, when the display device shown in FIG. 9 is used as the display device, step S2 includes :
  • Step S201b forming a touch function structure on one side of the first base substrate.
  • Step S202b forming a holographic film layer on one side of the second base substrate to obtain a holographic substrate.
  • Step S203b forming a specular reflection layer on the opposite side of the second base substrate where the holographic film layer is formed.
  • Step S204b bonding the side of the holographic substrate where the holographic film layer is formed and the opposite side of the first base substrate where the touch function structure is formed.
  • the second base substrate is formed between the holographic film layer and the specular reflection layer.
  • step S202a and step S201b the process of preparing the holographic film layer is as follows: first, a photosensitive material layer is formed on one side of the second base substrate; then, the photosensitive material layer is irradiated with the object light and the reference light, and the object light and the reference light The interference of light causes the photosensitive material layer to record the propagation direction of its interference light.
  • the angle between the object light and the plane of the photosensitive material layer is maintained at the preset light angle, and the reference light and the plane of the photosensitive material layer are sandwiched. The angle gradually increases from the lower limit of the preset light incident angle range to the upper limit of the preset light incident angle range.
  • the thickness of the photosensitive material layer ranges from 5 um to 200 um. Since the photosensitive material layer is recorded layer by layer in the process of recording the interference light, the photosensitive material layer can be set according to the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit in the preset light incident angle range. The larger the difference, the The thickness of the photosensitive material layer required is greater.
  • the photosensitive material layer includes the following chemical components: matrix resin, active fluororesin, silane-coupled nanoparticles, active monomer, initiating system, plasticizer and solvent.
  • the weight percentages of matrix resin, active fluororesin, silane-coupled nanoparticles, active monomer, initiating system, and plasticizer in the solid content are as follows: matrix resin 10wt% to 90wt%, active fluorine Resin 3wt%-20wt%, silane coupling nanoparticle 1wt%-10wt%, active monomer 5wt%-60wt%, initiating system 1wt%-10wt%, plasticizer 2wt%-10wt%.
  • the photopolymer coating also includes other additives, matrix resin, reactive fluororesin, silane-coupled nanoparticles, reactive monomers, initiating system, plasticizer, and other additives in solid content.
  • the weight percentages are as follows: matrix resin 20wt% ⁇ 70wt%, active fluororesin 5wt% ⁇ 15wt%, silane-coupled nanoparticles 1wt% ⁇ 5wt%, active monomer 10wt% ⁇ 40wt%, initiator system 2wt% ⁇ 7wt% , Plasticizer 3wt%-7wt%, other additives 0.5wt%-1wt%.
  • the matrix resin is selected from polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl butyral and cellulose acetate copolymer, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, polystyrene, At least one of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polychloroprene, and triacetyl cellulose.
  • the active fluororesin is an allyl group of structural formula 1 or a methacryloxy-based active fluororesin of structural formula 2.
  • the coupled nano-particles are at least one of coupled nano-alumina, boron nitride, and silicon oxide, and the particle size of the coupled nano-particles is 10-15 nm.
  • the reactive monomer is an acryloxy-containing acrylate monomer, including: at least one of a liquid monomer or a solid monomer, the liquid monomer is diethylene glycol diacrylate, glycerol triacrylate Acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, 2-(p-chlorophenoxyethyl methacrylate), 1,6-hexylene
  • One of bisacrylamide; solid monomers are 2,4,6-tribromophenyl acrylate, pentachlorophenyl acrylate, 2-naphthyl acrylate, 2-(2-naphthyloxy)ethyl At least one of acrylate and N-vinylcarbazole.
  • the initiating system includes a mass ratio of 0.5 wt% to 4 wt% of photoinitiator, 0.005 wt% to 0.2 wt% of photosensitizer, and 2 wt% to 4 wt% of chain transfer agent.
  • the photoinitiator is 2 -(O-chlorophenyl)-4,5-bis(m-methoxyphenyl)imidazole, 2,2'-bis(o-chlorophenyl)-4,4',5,5'-tetraphenyl 1 ,1'-diimidazole, 2,5-bis(o-chlorophenyl)-4,4'-dimethylphenyl-1H-imidazole, 9,10-anthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2- At least one of tert-butylanthraquinone, ⁇ -methylbenzoin, and ⁇ -phenylbenzoin;
  • the photosensitizers are cyanine dyes, indole cyclopenta dyes, 2,5-bis ⁇ [4-(diethylamino)-2-methylphenyl]-methylene ⁇ cyclopentanone, 2,5 -Bis ⁇ [4-(diethylamino)phenyl]methylene ⁇ cyclopentanone, 2,3-dihydro-5,6-dimethoxy-2-[(2,3,6,7 -At least one of tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzoquinoline)methylene]-1H-indan-1-one.
  • the chain transfer agent is at least one of 4-methyl-4H-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
  • the plasticizer is triethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diisocaprylate, diethyl adipate, triethylene glycol diacetate, polyethylene glycol, poly At least one of ethylene glycol methyl ether.
  • the solvent is a mixed solvent of butyl acetate, dichloromethane, methyl ethyl ketone, and methanol, and the volume ratio of butyl acetate, dichloromethane, methyl ethyl ketone, and methanol is (4 to 5.5): (0.5 to 2 ): (0.5 ⁇ 2): (0.5 ⁇ 1.5).
  • other additives include: nonionic surfactants, thermal stabilizers, optical brighteners, and the nonionic surfactants are at least one of polyethylene oxide and fluorinated nonionic surfactants,
  • the thermal stabilizer is at least one of hydroquinone, p-methoxyphenol, ⁇ -naphthol, and thiophenazine, and the optical brightener is 7-(4'-chloro-6'-diethylamino-1',3' ,5'-Triazine-4'-amino)-3-phenylcoumarin.
  • step S2 when the display device includes a light-absorbing layer, after step S2, a step of forming a light-absorbing layer is further included; wherein, the step of forming the light-absorbing layer can be performed before step S3 or after step S3.

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Abstract

一种显示装置，包括显示面板（11）和位于显示面板（11）的出光侧的功能基板（21），功能基板（21）包括：透明基板（16），配置为其远离显示面板（11）的一侧内表面具有第一全反射角；镜面反射层（13），位于透明基板（16）一侧；全息膜层（15），位于透明基板（16）和镜面反射层（13）之间，配置为使得传播方向朝向透明基板且入射角处于第一入光角范围内的入射光中部分光发生衍射并以第一出光角射入至透明基板（16）内，第一出光角大于或等于第一全反射角。还提供了一种显示装置的制备方法和智能魔镜。

Description

显示装置及其制备方法和智能魔镜
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年5月18日提交至中国知识产权局的中国专利申请NO.202010419154.X的优先权，所公开的内容以引用的方式合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，特别涉及一种显示装置及其制备方法和智能魔镜。
背景技术
智能魔镜是集镜子功能、显示功能、交互功能为一体的多功能终端设备。智能魔镜在没开机的状态下就是一面普通的镜子，当系统加电启动后，可以感应人的到来并自动唤醒屏幕，这时它就变成一面智能显示屏了，可以与用户进行多种互动。在实际应用中发现，在智能魔镜作为智能显示屏使用时存在严重的重影问题。
公开内容
本公开旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一，提出了一种显示装置及其制备方法和智能魔镜。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供了一种显示装置，包括：显示面板和位于所述显示面板的出光侧的功能基板，所述功能基板包括：透明基板，配置为其远离所述显示面板的一侧内表面具有第一全反射角；镜面反射层，位于透明基板一侧；全息膜层，位于透明基板和镜面反射层之间，配置为使得传播方向朝向所述透明基板且入射角处于第一入光角范围内的入射光中部分光发生衍射并以第一出光角射入至所述透明基板内，所述第一出光角大于或等于所述第一全反射角。
在一些实施例中，所述透明基板的侧面形成有吸光层。
在一些实施例中，所述预设入光角范围的上限值大于或等于所述预设全反射角。
在一些实施例中，在所述显示面板的出光侧且远离所述显示面板的方向上依次设置有触控基板和盖板，所述触控基板包括：第一衬底基板和位于所述第一衬底基板靠近所述显示面板一侧的触控功能结构；所述镜面反射层和全息膜层位于所述第一衬底基板和所述盖板之间，且所述全息膜层贴合至所述盖板；所述透明基板为所述盖板。
在一些实施例中，在所述显示面板的出光侧设置有触控基板，所述触控基板包括：第一衬底基板和位于所述第一衬底基板靠近所述显示面板一侧的触控功能结构；所述镜面反射层、全息膜层位于所述第一衬底基板远离所述显示面板一侧，且所述全息膜层贴合至所述第一衬底基板；所述透明基板为所述第一衬底基板。
在一些实施例中，所述功能基板远离所述显示面板的一侧设置有封装层，所述封装层包括：保护层和/或防水层；其中，当所述封装层同时包括所述保护层和所述防水层时，所述防水层位于所述保护层远离所述显示面板的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述盖板、所述全息膜层、所述镜面反射层、以及所述触控基板的侧面均形成有吸光层。
第二方面，本公开实施例还提供了一种智能魔镜，包括：如第一方面中提供的显示装置。
第三方面，本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置的制备方法，可用于制备第一方面中的显示装置，包括：制备显示面板；制备功能基板，所述功能基板包括：透明基板、镜面反射层和全息膜层，其中，所述透明基板配置为其远离所述显示面板的一侧内表面具有第一全反射角，所述镜面反射层位于所述透明基板一侧，所述全息膜层位于透明基板和镜面反射层之间，所述全息膜层配置为使得传播方向朝向所述透明基板且入射角处于第一入光角范围内的入射光中部分光发生衍射并以第一出光角射入至所述透明基板内，所述第一出光角大于或等于所述第一全反射角；将所述功能基板装配于所述显示面板的出 光侧。
在一些实施例中，在制备功能基板的过程中形成全息膜层的步骤包括：在所述第二衬底基板的一侧形成感光材料层；使用物光和参考光照射所述感光材料层，利用所述物光和所述参考光的干涉使所述感光材料层记录其干涉光线的传播方向，其中所述物光与所述感光材料层所处平面之间的夹角维持于所述第一出光角，所述参考光与所述感光材料层所处平面之间的夹角由所述第一入光角范围的下限值逐渐增大到所述第一入光角范围的上限值。
在一些实施例中，在制备功能基板的过程中所述透明基板设置于所述全息膜层远离所述第二衬底基板的一侧，所述镜面反射层设置于所述第二衬底基板远离所述全息膜层的一侧。
附图说明
图1为相关技术中涉及的一种智能魔镜的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示智能魔镜用作智能显示屏时的一种光路示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的一种显示面板的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示显示面板中功能基板的一种结构示意图；
图5为图3所示显示面板中功能基板的另一种结构示意图；
图6为显示面板中的光线射入至图4所示功能基板中时的一种光路示意图；
图7为显示面板中的光线射入至图5所示功能基板中时的一种光路示意图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示装置的结构示意图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的又一种显示装置的结构示意图；
图10为本公开实施例提供的一种显示装置的制备方法的流程图；
图11为本公开实施例中实现步骤S2的一种可选实现方式流程图；
图12为本公开实施例中实现步骤S2的另一种可选实现方式流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图对本发明提供的一种显示装置及其制备方法和智能魔镜进行详细描述。
图1为相关技术中涉及的一种智能魔镜的结构示意图，如图1所示，智能魔镜包括显示面板11、位于显示面板11出光侧的触控基板12、镜面反射层13和盖板14。
当显示面板11不进行显示时，智能魔镜中的镜面反射层13可进行镜面反射，智能魔镜用作镜子；当显示面板11进行显示时，显示面板11射出的光依次穿过触控基板12、镜面反射层13和盖板14并射出，智能魔镜用作智能显示屏，用户可基于触控基板12来实现互动。
图2为图1所示智能魔镜用作智能显示屏时的一种光路示意图，如图2所示，以显示面板11上点A处射出的部分光为例，该部分光线1依次穿过触控基板12、镜面反射层13后射入至盖板14内，光线1到达盖板14远离显示面板11一侧表面后，部分光线会折射出盖板14形成折射光线2，另一部分光线会在该表面发生反射形成反射光线3，反射光线3会射向镜面反射层13，并在镜面反射层13表面再次发生反射形成反射光线4；反射光线4到达盖板14远离显示面板11一侧表面后，其中部分光线会折射出盖板14形成折射光线5；折射光线2和折射光线5均会被人眼观察到，即人眼所观察到原像A’和重像A”，即出现重影。
在相关技术中，以光入射角为a时盖板14远离镜面反射层13一侧表面处的光透过率为m％且反射率为1-m％，反射层13的光透过率为n％且反射率为1-n％为例，进行示例性描述，m、n均大于0且小于1。其中，假定光线1到达盖板14远离显示面板11一侧表面时的亮度为Q，则光线2～光线5的亮度情况如下：
光线2的亮度为：Q*m；
光线3的亮度为：Q*(1-m)；
光线4的亮度为：Q*(1-m)*(1-n)；
光线5的亮度为：Q*(1-m)*(1-n)*m；
光线2与光线5的亮度比为：
Figure PCTCN2021090915-appb-000001
其中，折射光线2所对应的亮度与折射光线5所对应的亮度的比值越小(像素A’与像A”的对比度越小)，则重影效果越明显。另外，用户的观看角度越大，像A’与像A”之间距离越大，重影效果越明显。
为解决相关技术中存在的重影问题，本公开的技术方案通过了一种显示装置及其制备方法和智能魔镜。
图3为本公开实施例提供的一种显示面板的结构示意图，图4为图3所示显示面板中功能基板的一种结构示意图，图5为图3所示显示面板中功能基板的另一种结构示意图，如图3至5所示，该显示装置包括：显示面板11和位于显示面板11的出光侧的功能基板21，功能基板21包括：透明基板16配置为其远离显示面板11的一侧内表面具有预设全反射角；镜面反射层13，其位于透明基板16一侧；以及，全息膜层15，其位于透明基板16和镜面反射层13之间，配置为使得传播方向朝向透明基板16且入射角处于预设入光角范围内的入射光中部分光发生衍射并以预设出光角射入至透明基板16内，预设出光角大于或等于预设全反射角。
透明基板16远离显示面板11的一侧内表面的预设全反射角，是由透明基板16的材料和与透明基板16远离显示面板11的一侧表面相接触介质的材料所决定；其中，与透明基板16远离显示面板11的一侧表面相接触介质的折射率应小于透明基板16的折射率。在一些实施例中，透明基板16为玻璃基板。
镜面反射层13为具有半透半反功能的膜层，即镜面反射层13不但可以使光发生反射，还可以使光发生透射(镜面反射层13具有一定的光透过率)。在一些实施例中，镜面反射层13采用非金属反射材料制 备。示例性地，镜面反射层13由交替层叠的高折射率二氧化钛层和低折射率二氧化硅层所构成，可达到半透半反的效果。
下面将结合附图来对本公开中的消影原理进行详细描述。为方便描述，本公开实施例描述中引入两个方向“上”和“下”，以显示面板11作为参照，附图中位于显示面板11的出光侧且远离显示面板11的方向称为“上”，位于显示面板11的出光侧且靠近显示面板11的方向称为“下”。
在本公开实施例中，功能基板21内透明基板16、镜面反射层13和全息膜层15的层叠情况有两种：1)参见图4所示，由上至下依次为透明基板16、全息膜层15和镜面反射层13；2)参见图5所示，由上至下依次为镜面反射层13、全息膜层15和透明基板16。
图6为显示面板中的光线射入至图4所示功能基板中时的一种光路示意图，如图6所示，为方便描述，不考虑光线在透明基板16和全息膜层15之间界面、全息膜层15和镜面反射层13之间界面发生折射而导致传播角度的变化。
显示面板11所射出的光线1’穿过镜面反射层13以入射角a(假定入射角a小于预设全反射角P，且在预设入光角范围内)射向全息膜层15，此时光线1’中的部分光线以原传播方向发生透射形成光线2’，光线1’中的另一部分光线在全息膜层15的作用下发生衍射，并以预设出光角b射入至透明基板16内形成光线3’；由于预设出光角b大于预设全反射角P，因此光线3’会在透明基板16远离显示面板的一侧内表面发生全反射形成光线4’；与此同时，光线2’在达到透明基板远离显示面板的一侧内表面时，部分光线会发生折射形成光线5’，另一部分光线会发生反射形成光线6’，光线6’穿过全息膜层15(传播方向远离透明基板16的光线穿过全息膜层15时不会发生衍射)后到达镜面反射层13，并在镜面反射层13上发生反射形成光线7’，光线7’以入射角a射向全息膜层1，此时光线7’中的部分光线以原传播方向发生透射形成光线8’，光线7’中的另一部分光线在全息膜层15的作用下发生衍射，并以预设出光角b射入至透明基板16内形成光线10’；由于预设出光角b大于预 设全反射角P，因此光线10’会在透明基板远离显示面板的一侧内表面发生全反射；光线8’在达到透明基板16远离显示面板的一侧内表面时，部分光线会发生折射形成光线9’，另一部分光线会发生反射。
折射光线5’和折射光线9’均会被人眼观察到，即人眼所观察到像A’和像A”。
以光入射角为a时透明基板16远离镜面反射层13一侧表面处的光透过率为m且反射率为1-m，反射层13的光透过率为n且反射率为1-n，全息膜层上光直透过率为s且光线发生衍射效应的光衍射率为1-s为例，进行示例性描述，m、n和s均大于0且小于1。其中，假定光线1’到达全息膜层时的亮度为Q，则光线2’～光线10’的亮度情况如下：
光线2’的亮度为：Q*s；
光线3’的亮度为：Q*(1-s)；
光线4’的亮度为：Q*(1-s)*(1-m)；
光线5’的亮度为：Q*s*m；
光线6’的亮度为：Q*s*(1-m)；
光线7’的亮度为：Q*s*(1-m)*(1-n)；
光线8’的亮度为：Q*s*(1-m)*(1-n)*s；
光线9’的亮度为：Q*s*(1-m)*(1-n)*s*m；
光线10’的亮度为：Q*s*(1-m)*(1-n)*(1-s)；
光线5’与光线9’的亮度比为
Figure PCTCN2021090915-appb-000002
由于m、n和s均大于0且小于1，因此
Figure PCTCN2021090915-appb-000003
由此可见，相较于现有技术，本公开的技术可以提升人眼所观察到原像A’与重像A”的亮度比(对比度)，使得重影效果减弱。
需要说明的是，在图4和图6所示情况中，为避免光线6’在全息膜层15和透明基板16之间发生全反射而无法到达镜面反射层13，在一 些实施例中，全息膜层15的折射率大于或等于透明基板16的折射率，此时光线6’在穿过透明基板和全息膜层之间界面时，始终为由光疏介质进入至光密介质，因而不会发生全反射。
图7为显示面板中的光线射入至图5所示功能基板中时的一种光路示意图，如图7所示，为方便描述，不考虑光线在透明基板16和全息膜层15之间界面、全息膜层15和镜面反射层13之间界面发生折射而导致传播角度的变化。
显示面板11所射出的光线1’穿过透明基板16、全息膜层15(传播方向远离显示面板11的光线穿过全息膜层15时不会发生衍射)射入至镜面反射层13，光线1’以入射角a射向镜面反射层13；其中，假定透明基板16远离显示面板11的一侧内表面所对应的预设全反射角为P，入射角a小于预设全反射角P且在预设入光角范围内；此时，光线1’中的部分会发生折射形成折射光线2’，另一部分会发生反射形成光线3’,光线3’会以入射角a射向全息膜层15，光线3’中的部分光线以原传播方向发生透射形成光线4’，光线3’中的另一部分光线在全息膜层15的作用下发生衍射，并以预设出光角射b入至透明基板16内形成光线5’，光线5’在透明基板16远离全息膜层15的一侧表面发生反射(可能为全反射，也可能不为全反射)后形成光线6，光线6’会以预设出光角b射向透明基板16远离显示面板的一侧表面，由于预设出光角射b大于预设全反射角P，因此光线6’会在透明基板16远离显示面板的一侧表面发生全反射；光线4’在透明基板16远离全息膜层15的一侧表面发生反射后形成光线7’，光线7’穿过透明基板16、全息膜层15(传播方向远离显示面板11的光线穿过全息膜层15时不会发生衍射)射入至镜面反射层13，光线7’以入射角a射向镜面反射层13；光线7’中的部分会发生折射形成折射光线8’，另一部分会发生反射。
以光入射角为a时透明基板16远离镜面反射层13一侧表面处的光透过率为m且反射率为1-m，反射层13的光透过率为n且反射率为1-n，全息膜层上光直透过率为s且光线发生衍射效应的光衍射率为1-s为例， 进行示例性描述，m、n和s均大于0且小于1。其中，假定光线1’到达镜面反射膜13时的亮度为Q，则：
光线2’的亮度为：Q*n；
光线3’的亮度为：Q*(1-n)；
光线4’的亮度为：Q*(1-n)*s；
光线5’的亮度为：Q*(1-n)*(1-s)；
光线6’的亮度由光线5’的亮度、角度b、透明基板16的材料、与透明基板16远离镜面反射层一侧表面相接触介质的材料等因素所确定；其中，当光线5’发生全反射时，则光线6’的亮度与光线5’的亮度相等。
光线7’的亮度为：Q*(1-n)*s*(1-m)；
光线8’的亮度为：Q*(1-n)*s*(1-m)*n；
光线2’与光线8’的亮度比为
Figure PCTCN2021090915-appb-000004
由于m、n和s均大于0且小于1，因此
Figure PCTCN2021090915-appb-000005
由此可见，相较于现有技术，本公开的技术可以提升人眼所观察到原像A’与重像A”的亮度比(对比度)，使得重影效果减弱。
在图5和图7所示方案中，由于全息膜层15与透明基板16远离显示面板11的一侧表面接触，为保证光线5会在透明基板16远离显示面板11的一侧内表面发生全反射，则全息膜层15的折射率应小于触控基板12的折射。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中的预设入光角范围可根据实际需要进行设定。
在一些实施例中，考虑到在相关技术中当人眼以较大角度观看时重影问题相对较重，为此应优先保障对入射角a较大的光线进行“消影”，预设入光角范围的上限值大于或等于预设全反射角；可选地，预设入光 角范围的上限值等于预设全反射角。
在一些实施例中，预设入光角范围的下限值小于预设全反射角即可。作为一种可选实施方案，预设入光角范围的下限值设为0°，此时可对入射角a在0至预设全反射角范围内的光线进行“消影”处理。在实际应用中，考虑到在相关技术中当人眼以较小角度观看时重影问题相对较轻，因此对于入射角a较小的光线可不进行“消影”处理，此时预设入光角范围的下限值可以根据实际需要进行设定；示例性地，预设入光角范围的下限值设为10°。
继续参见图4和图5所示，为避免出现透明基板16侧面漏光的问题，在一些实施例中，透明基板16的侧面形成有吸光层17，用于吸收到达透明基板16的侧面的光线。
图8为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示装置的结构示意图，如图8所示，本实施例所提供的显示装置为基于图3所示显示装置的一种具体化方案，具体地，在显示面板11的出光侧且远离显示面板11的方向上依次设置有触控基板12和盖板14，触控基板12包括：第一衬底基板121和位于第一衬底基板121靠近显示面板11一侧的触控功能结构122；镜面反射层13和全息膜层15位于第一衬底基板121和盖板14之间，且全息膜层15比镜面反射层13更靠近盖板14(例如图8所示，全息膜层15贴合在盖板14下方)；透明基板16为盖板14。此时，盖板14、全息膜层15和镜面反射层13对应图4所示的功能基板21。
在本公开技术方案中，对触控功能结构122可采用现有任意的触控功能结构，例如触控功能结构122为电容式触控结构(自电容式触控或互电容式触控)、电阻式触控结构或超声波式触控结构等。本公开的技术方案对触控功能结构122的具体结构不作限定。
在一些实施例中，在制备图8所示显示装置的过程中，需要先独立制备出全息膜层15，然后再将全息膜层15分别与镜面反射层13和盖板14进行贴合。具体地，全息膜层15制备在衬底基板(称为第二衬底基板)上，以得到全息基板，然后再将整个全息基板与镜面反射层13 和盖板14进行贴合，因此在最终所制得显示面板11中，在全息膜层15和镜面反射层13之间会存在一个第二衬底基板(图8中未示出)。
在一些实施例中，盖板14远离显示面板11的一侧设置有封装层，用于对于功能基板21进行封装。
在一些实施例中，封装层包括：保护层18和/或防水层19。
保护层18由高硬度且透明的材料制成，用于对功能基板21进行保护；在一些实施例中，保护层18的材料包括：二氧化硅和氮化硅中的至少一种。
防水层19用于防止功能基板21遭受潮湿空气、汗水液、水分等的腐蚀。在一些实施例中，防水层19主要由以下原料按重量百分比配比组成：纳米氟聚合物粒子25％～65％(粒径在50-100nm之间)、聚硅氧烷0.05％～10％、聚氨酯4％～20％、无味溶剂30％～75％、硅灰石纤维1％～20％、纳米二氧化钛0.2％～10％、纳米氧化锌0.5％～10％。在制备防水层19的过程中，可先按照上述配比制得防水液，然后在真空无尘环境下，经过超声波震荡将防水液喷涂在基板上，最后进行脱泡、激光退火处理，以得到能够起到防水封装作用的纳米级薄膜(厚度范围5～30nm)。
需要说明的是，附图中仅示例性画出了封装层同时包括保护层18和防水层19的情况，此时防水层19位于保护层18远离显示面板11的一侧。
在本实施例中，为防止全息膜层15、镜面反射层13、触控基板12发生侧面漏光的问题，吸光层17还覆盖全息膜层15、镜面反射层13以及触控基板12的侧面。
图9为本公开实施例提供的又一种显示装置的结构示意图，如图9所示，本实施例所提供的显示装置为基于图3所示显示装置的一种具体化方案，具体地，在显示面板11的出光侧设置有触控基板12，触控基板12包括：第一衬底基板121和位于第一衬底基板121靠近显示面板11一侧的触控功能结构122；镜面反射层13、全息膜层15位于第一衬 底基板121远离显示面板11一侧，且全息膜层15比镜面反射层13更靠近第一衬底基板121(如图9所示，全息膜层15贴合在第一衬底基板121上方)；透明基板16为第一衬底基板121。此时，第一衬底基板121、全息膜层15和镜面反射层13对应图5所示的功能基板21。
与图8所示实施例不同的，本实施所提供的显示装置中不存在盖板14，有利于显示装置的轻薄化。
在一些实施例中，在镜面反射层13远离显示面板11的一侧设置有封装层。对于封装层的具体描述可参见前面内容，此处不再赘述。
本公开实施例还提供了一种智能魔镜，该智能魔镜包括前面实施例提供的显示装置，对于该显示装置的具体描述可参见前面内容，此处不再赘述。
图10为本公开实施例提供的一种显示装置的制备方法的流程图，如图10所示，该制备方法用于制备前面实施例提供的显示装置，该制备方法包括：
步骤S1、制备显示面板。
其中，显示面板可以为液晶显示面板或有机发光二极管显示面板。
步骤S2、制备功能基板，功能基板包括：透明基板、镜面反射层和全息膜层。
其中，透明基板配置为其远离显示面板的一侧内表面具有预设全反射角，镜面反射层位于透明基板一侧，全息膜层位于透明基板和镜面反射层之间，全息膜层配置为使得传播方向朝向显示面板且入射角处于预设入光角范围内的入射光发生衍射，并使得从全息膜层射入至透明基板内的光线与透明基板远离显示面板的一侧表面呈预设出光角，预设出光角大于或等于预设全反射角。
步骤S3、将功能基板装配于显示面板的出光侧。
图11为本公开实施例中实现步骤S2的一种可选实现方式流程图，如图11所示，在一些实施例中，当显示装置采用图8中所示显示装置时，步骤S2包括：
步骤S201a、在第一衬底基板的相对两侧分别形成触控功能结构和镜面反射层。
步骤S202a、在第二衬底基板的一侧形成全息膜层，得到全息基板。
步骤S203a、将全息基板的相对两侧分别与镜面反射层和盖板相贴合，其中第二衬底基板与镜面反射层相贴合，全息膜层与盖板相贴合。
即，在图8所示显示装置中，在全息膜层和镜面反射层之间形成设置有第二衬底基板。
在一些实施例中，全息基板通过光固化胶分别与镜面反射层和盖板相贴合。
图12为本公开实施例中实现步骤S2的另一种可选实现方式流程图，如图12所示，在一些实施例中，当显示装置采用图9中所示显示装置时，步骤S2包括：
步骤S201b、在第一衬底基板的一侧形成触控功能结构。
步骤S202b、在第二衬底基板的一侧形成全息膜层，得到全息基板。
步骤S203b、在第二衬底基板形成有全息膜层的相对侧形成镜面反射层。
步骤S204b、将全息基板的形成有全息膜层一侧与第一衬底基板形成有触控功能结构的相对侧贴合。
即，在图9所示显示装置中，在全息膜层和镜面反射层之间形成设置有第二衬底基板。
在步骤S202a和步骤S201b中，制备全息膜层的过程如下：首先，在第二衬底基板的一侧形成感光材料层；然后，使用物光和参考光照射感光材料层，利用物光和参考光的干涉使感光材料层记录其干涉光线的传播方向，其中物光与感光材料层所处平面之间的夹角维持于预设出光角，参考光与感光材料层所处平面之间的夹角由预设入光角范围的下限值逐渐增大到预设入光角范围的上限值。
在一些实施例中，感光材料层的厚度范围包括：5um～200um。由于感光材料层在记录干涉光线的过程中是逐层记录，因此感光材料层可 根据预设入光角范围中上限值与下限值之间的差来设定，该差值越大则所需的感光材料层厚度越大。
在一些实施例中，所述感光材料层包括以下化学组分：基体树脂、活性氟树脂、硅烷偶联化纳米粒子、活性单体、引发体系、增塑剂及溶剂。
在一些实施例中，基体树脂、活性氟树脂、硅烷偶联化纳米粒子、活性单体、引发体系、增塑剂在固含量中所占重量百分比如下：基体树脂10wt％～90wt％、活性氟树脂3wt％～20wt％、硅烷偶联化纳米粒子1wt％～10wt％、活性单体5wt％～60wt％、引发体系1wt％～10wt％、增塑剂2wt％～10wt％。
在一些实施例中，光致聚合物涂料还包括其他助剂，基体树脂、活性氟树脂、硅烷偶联化纳米粒子、活性单体、引发体系、增塑剂、其他助剂在固含量中所占重量百分比如下：基体树脂20wt％～70wt％、活性氟树脂5wt％～15wt％、硅烷偶联化纳米粒子1wt％～5wt％、活性单体10wt％～40wt％、引发体系2wt％～7wt％、增塑剂3wt％～7wt％、其他助剂0.5wt％～1wt％。
在一些实施例中，基体树脂选自聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛与醋酸纤维素共聚物、聚异戊二烯、聚丁二烯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氯丁烯、三乙酰纤维素中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中，活性氟树脂，选用具有结构式1的烯丙基类或结构式2的甲基丙烯酰氧基类活性氟树脂。
结构式1-烯丙基类：
Figure PCTCN2021090915-appb-000006
结构式2-甲基丙烯酰氧基类：
Figure PCTCN2021090915-appb-000007
在一些实施例中，偶联化纳米粒子为偶联化纳米氧化铝、氮化硼、氧化硅中至少一种，偶联化纳米粒子粒径为10～15nm。
在一些实施例中，活性单体为含有丙烯酰氧基丙烯酸酯类单体，包括：液体单体或固体单体中至少一种，液体单体为二甘醇二丙烯酸酯、丙三醇三丙烯酸酯、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、2-苯氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、2-(对-氯苯氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯)、1,6-亚己基双丙烯酰胺中的一种；固体单体为2,4,6-三溴苯基丙烯酸酯、五氯苯基丙烯酸酯、2-萘基丙烯酸酯、2-(2-萘氧基)乙基丙烯酸酯、N-乙烯基咔唑中至少一种。
在一些实施例中，引发体系包括质量比为：0.5wt％～4wt％的光引发剂、0.005wt％～0.2wt％的光敏剂及2wt％～4wt％的链转移剂，光引发剂为2-(邻氯苯基)-4,5-双(间甲氧基苯基)咪唑、2,2’-双(邻氯苯基)-4,4’,5,5’-四苯基1,1’-二咪唑、2,5-双(邻氯苯基)-4,4’-二甲基苯基-1H-咪唑、9,10-蒽醌、2-乙基蒽醌、2-叔丁基蒽醌、α-甲基苯偶姻、α-苯基苯偶姻中至少一种；
光敏剂为花菁类染料、吲哚环戊类染料、2,5-双{[4-(二乙基氨基)-2-甲基苯基]-亚甲基}环戊酮、2,5-双{[4-(二乙基氨基)苯基]亚甲基}环戊酮、2,3-二氢-5,6-二甲氧基-2-[(2,3,6,7-四氢-1H,5H-苯并喹啉)亚甲基]-1H-二氢茚-1-酮中至少一种。
链转移剂为4-甲基-4H-3-巯基-1,2,4-三氮唑、2-巯基苯并噁唑、2-巯基苯并噻唑中至少一种。
在一些实施例中，增塑剂为三乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二异辛酸酯、二乙基己二酸酯、三甘醇二乙酸酯、聚乙二醇、聚乙二醇甲基醚中至少一种。
在一些实施例中，溶剂为乙酸丁酯、二氯甲烷、丁酮、甲醇的混合溶剂，乙酸丁酯、二氯甲烷、丁酮、甲醇的体积比例为(4～5.5)：(0.5～2)：(0.5～2)：(0.5～1.5)。
在一些实施例中，其他助剂包括：非离子表面活性剂、热稳定剂、 光学增白剂，非离子表面活性剂为聚环氧乙烷、氟化非离子表面活性剂中至少一种，热稳定剂为氢醌、对甲氧基苯酚、β-萘酚、噻吩嗪中至少一种，光学增白剂为7-(4’-氯-6’-二乙氨基-1’,3’,5’-三嗪-4’-氨基)-3-苯基香豆素。
在一些实施例中，当显示装置中包括吸光层时，在步骤S2之后，还包括形成吸光层的步骤；其中，形成吸光层的步骤可在步骤S3之前执行或在步骤S3之后执行均可。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种显示装置，包括：显示面板和位于所述显示面板的出光侧的功能基板，所述功能基板包括：
    透明基板，配置为其远离所述显示面板的一侧内表面具有第一全反射角；
    镜面反射层，位于透明基板一侧；
    全息膜层，位于透明基板和镜面反射层之间，配置为使得传播方向朝向所述透明基板且入射角处于第一入光角范围内的入射光中部分光发生衍射并以第一出光角射入至所述透明基板内，所述第一出光角大于或等于所述第一全反射角。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，所述透明基板的侧面形成有吸光层。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，所述预设入光角范围的上限值大于或等于所述预设全反射角。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，在所述显示面板的出光侧且远离所述显示面板的方向上依次设置有触控基板和盖板，所述触控基板包括：第一衬底基板和位于所述第一衬底基板靠近所述显示面板一侧的触控功能结构；
    所述镜面反射层和全息膜层位于所述第一衬底基板和所述盖板之间，且所述全息膜层贴合至所述盖板；
    所述透明基板为所述盖板。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，在所述显示面板的出光侧设置有触控基板，所述触控基板包括：第一衬底基板和位于所述第一 衬底基板靠近所述显示面板一侧的触控功能结构；
    所述镜面反射层、全息膜层位于所述第一衬底基板远离所述显示面板一侧，且所述全息膜层贴合至所述第一衬底基板；
    所述透明基板为所述第一衬底基板。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一所述的显示装置，其中，所述功能基板远离所述显示面板的一侧设置有封装层，所述封装层包括：保护层和/或防水层；
    其中，当所述封装层同时包括所述保护层和所述防水层时，所述防水层位于所述保护层远离所述显示面板的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的显示装置，其中，所述盖板、所述全息膜层、所述镜面反射层、以及所述触控基板的侧面均形成有吸光层。
  8. 一种智能魔镜，包括：如上述权利要求1-7中任一所述的显示装置。
  9. 一种如权利要求1-8中任一所述显示装置的制备方法，包括：
    制备显示面板；
    制备功能基板，所述功能基板包括：透明基板、镜面反射层和全息膜层，其中，所述透明基板配置为其远离所述显示面板的一侧内表面具有第一全反射角，所述镜面反射层位于所述透明基板一侧，所述全息膜层位于透明基板和镜面反射层之间，所述全息膜层配置为使得传播方向朝向所述透明基板且入射角处于第一入光角范围内的入射光中部分光发生衍射并以第一出光角射入至所述透明基板内，所述第一出光角大于或等于所述第一全反射角；
    将所述功能基板装配于所述显示面板的出光侧。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其中，在制备功能基板的过程中形成全息膜层的步骤包括：
    在所述第二衬底基板的一侧形成感光材料层；
    使用物光和参考光照射所述感光材料层，利用所述物光和所述参考光的干涉使所述感光材料层记录其干涉光线的传播方向，其中所述物光与所述感光材料层所处平面之间的夹角维持于所述第一出光角，所述参考光与所述感光材料层所处平面之间的夹角由所述第一入光角范围的下限值逐渐增大到所述第一入光角范围的上限值。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其中，在制备功能基板的过程中所述透明基板设置于所述全息膜层远离所述第二衬底基板的一侧，所述镜面反射层设置于所述第二衬底基板远离所述全息膜层的一侧。
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