WO2021227083A1 - 不间断电源系统及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

不间断电源系统及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227083A1
WO2021227083A1 PCT/CN2020/090696 CN2020090696W WO2021227083A1 WO 2021227083 A1 WO2021227083 A1 WO 2021227083A1 CN 2020090696 W CN2020090696 W CN 2020090696W WO 2021227083 A1 WO2021227083 A1 WO 2021227083A1
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Prior art keywords
voltage value
current
main circuit
inverter
output
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PCT/CN2020/090696
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张春涛
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to CN202080004837.7A priority Critical patent/CN112673543B/zh
Priority to EP20935248.3A priority patent/EP3961856A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/090696 priority patent/WO2021227083A1/zh
Priority to JP2022527856A priority patent/JP7407930B2/ja
Publication of WO2021227083A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227083A1/zh
Priority to US17/931,536 priority patent/US12126214B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • H02J2310/16—The load or loads being an Information and Communication Technology [ICT] facility

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of power conversion technology, and in particular to an uninterruptible power supply system and a driving method thereof.
  • UPS uninterruptible power system
  • UPS is a component used to supply power to electronic equipment such as computers. This type of electronic equipment requires continuous and uninterrupted power supply. Even when the voltage or frequency of the power changes, or the power is cut off instantly, the UPS can be stable This reduces the possibility of electronic device data being destroyed or lost, and avoids shutdown or malfunction of electronic devices.
  • UPS includes bypass and main circuit.
  • the ideal UPS guarantees the uninterrupted output of electric energy through the cooperation of the bypass and the main circuit.
  • the power supply of the main circuit is characterized by stable signal, but low efficiency and high loss.
  • the power supply feature of the bypass is high efficiency, but the signal stability is poorer than that of the main circuit.
  • UPS usually includes two power supply modes. In a power supply mode, the main circuit gives priority to power supply, and the bypass is used as a backup power supply circuit. In another mode, the bypass gives priority to power supply, and the main circuit serves as a backup power supply circuit.
  • the main circuit starts to work when the bypass power supply is abnormal.
  • a commonly used scheme for switching power supply from the bypass main circuit in the prior art is: intermittent switching; that is, after the bypass power supply is abnormal, during the bypass and main circuit switching process, neither the bypass nor the main circuit supply power, and there is a short circuit. The time output is interrupted. As a result, due to the short-term output interruption during the UPS output process, the load connected to the UPS is at risk of power failure and cannot meet user needs.
  • the present application provides an uninterruptible power supply system and a driving method thereof, which are used to solve the problem of intermittent output of the uninterruptible power supply system.
  • an uninterruptible power supply system including: a first power input terminal, a second power input terminal, a load terminal, and a bypass.
  • the bypass includes a first bidirectional switch; the first bidirectional switch is connected The first power input terminal and the load terminal are used to control the connection or interruption of the first power input terminal and the load terminal; at least one main circuit, each main circuit includes a bus bar and an inverter output unit; the input end of the bus bar is connected to the second power At the input end, the output end of the bus is connected to the inverter output unit; the inverter output unit is also connected to the load end, and the inverter output unit is used to control whether the current input from the output end of the bus is converted from DC to AC and transmitted to the load end ; Wherein, the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit is different from the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal.
  • the current on the main circuit is controlled by the inverter output unit, so that when the voltage of the current on the bypass is normal, the current on the main circuit is controlled to be interrupted.
  • the main circuit is controlled to be connected and the current is output to the load end to complete the switch between the bypass and the main circuit power supply.
  • the voltage value of the current transmitted from the first power input terminal to the load terminal drops sharply and exceeds the lower limit threshold, and the bypass power supply is switched to the main power supply as an example.
  • the first set voltage value (for example, 210Vac) of the current output by the inverter output unit is less than the theoretical voltage value (for example, 220Vac) of the current output by the first power input terminal, when the voltage value of the current at the first power input terminal suddenly
  • the actual voltage value of the current received by the load end is lower than the first set voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit, the continuity is instantly switched to supply power from the main circuit to the load end. That is to say, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass to the load terminal is less than the voltage value of the current provided by the main circuit M to the load terminal, it is automatically switched to the main circuit to provide current to the load terminal.
  • the UPS provided in this example switches to the main circuit power supply instantly when the bypass power supply is abnormal.
  • the bypass power supply no signal flows to the load end on the main circuit. Therefore, there is no common circulation between the main circuit and the bypass, which can avoid the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS system due to the circulation formed by the two circuits.
  • the inverter output unit includes an inverter and a first controller; the inverter is connected to the output end of the bus, the load end, and the first controller, and the inverter is turned on under the control of the first controller for The current input from the output end of the bus is converted from DC to AC and then transmitted to the load end.
  • the inverter output unit as a structure including an inverter and a first controller, the physical components included in the inverter output unit can be reduced, the integration degree of the inverter output unit can be improved, and the volume of the UPS can be reduced.
  • the two or more main circuits there are two or more main circuits; multiple first controllers in the two or more main circuits are integrated in the same control unit.
  • the distribution of multiple first controllers can be simplified to simplify the layout of the UPS.
  • the inverter output unit includes an inverter and a second bidirectional switch; the inverter is connected to the output end of the bus bar and the second bidirectional switch, and is used for performing DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output end of the bus bar, It is transmitted to the second bidirectional switch; the second bidirectional switch is also connected to the load terminal for controlling whether to transmit the current output by the inverter to the load terminal.
  • the inverter output unit As a structure including an inverter and a second bidirectional switch, when the signal input from the first power input terminal is normal, the second bidirectional switch is turned off. When the signal input from the first power input terminal is abnormal, the second two-way switch is directly turned on naturally and automatically switches to the main circuit to supply power without the need for a judgment process or a separate control component, which improves the intelligence of the UPS.
  • the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit in at least one of the main circuits is greater than the current output by the first power input terminal The theoretical voltage value; the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit in at least one main circuit is less than the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal.
  • bypass power supply voltage drops sharply, and when it exceeds the lower threshold, it can be switched to a main power supply.
  • the bypass power supply voltage increases sharply, and when it exceeds the upper threshold, it can be switched to another main circuit for power supply. Therefore, both ultra-low voltage protection and ultra-high voltage protection can be carried out, and at the same time, it can prevent the voltage value of the current output by the UPS from being too low or too high, causing damage to the load connected to the UPS.
  • the first bidirectional switch includes a first silicon controlled rectifier and a second silicon controlled rectifier; the anode of the first silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the first power input terminal, and the cathode of the first silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the load terminal; The anode of the second silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the load terminal, and the cathode of the second silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the first power input terminal.
  • the structure is simple, the technology is mature, and the cost is low.
  • the second bidirectional switch includes a third silicon controlled rectifier and a fourth silicon controlled rectifier; the anode of the third silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the inverter, and the cathode of the third silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the load end; and fourth The anode of the silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the load end, and the cathode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier is connected to the inverter.
  • the structure is simple, the technology is mature, and the cost is low.
  • the main circuit further includes a rectifier and a battery unit; the rectifier is connected to the second power input terminal and the input terminal of the bus bar, and is used for transmitting the current input from the second power input terminal to the bus bar after AC-DC conversion.
  • the battery unit is connected to the input terminal of the bus, and is used to receive and store the current at the input of the bus, and also to output the current stored in it to the input of the bus.
  • the battery unit can still be discharged to ensure the stable output of the UPS.
  • a driving method of an uninterruptible power supply system includes: a first power input terminal, a second power input terminal, a load terminal, and a bypass.
  • the bypass includes a first bidirectional switch, and a second power input terminal.
  • a two-way switch connects the first power input terminal and the load terminal;
  • the first main circuit the first main circuit includes a bus bar and an inverter output unit, the input end of the bus bar is connected to the second power input end, and the output end of the bus bar is connected to the inverter output unit The inverter output unit is also connected to the load end;
  • the driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system includes: in the first state: the first two-way switch in the bypass is turned on, and the current of the first power input end is transmitted to the load end through the first two-way switch ; In the second state: the first two-way switch controls the first power input terminal and the load terminal to interrupt; at the same time, the inverter output unit in the first main circuit performs DC-AC conversion from the current input from the output terminal of the bus, and converts the voltage The current whose value is the first voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal; wherein the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit in the first main circuit is different from the theoretical voltage value
  • the current on the main circuit is controlled by the inverter output unit, so that when the voltage of the current on the bypass is normal, the current on the main circuit is controlled to be interrupted.
  • the main circuit is controlled to be connected and the current is output to the load end to complete the switch between the bypass and the main circuit power supply.
  • the first set voltage value (for example, 210Vac) of the current output by the inverter output unit is less than the theoretical voltage value (for example, 220Vac) of the current output by the first power input terminal, when the voltage value of the current at the first power input terminal suddenly
  • the actual voltage value of the current received by the load end is lower than the first set voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit
  • the continuity is instantly switched to supply power from the main circuit to the load end. That is to say, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass to the load end is less than the voltage value of the current provided by the main circuit to the load end, it is automatically switched to the main circuit to provide current to the load end.
  • seamless switching from bypass power supply to main power supply can be realized, ensuring uninterrupted UPS output.
  • the inverter output unit in the first main circuit includes an inverter and a first controller, the inverter is connected to the output end of the bus, the load end, and the first controller;
  • the driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system further includes :
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter in the first main circuit is less than the theoretical voltage value of the current output from the first power input end to the load end;
  • the first controller in the first main circuit detects the current output by the load end in real time And determine whether the actual voltage value is greater than the first voltage value; when the actual voltage value is greater than the first voltage value, enter the first state, and the first controller in the first main circuit controls the inverter to turn off;
  • the inverter output unit in the first main circuit performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal of the bus, and changes the voltage value to the first voltage
  • the value of the current is transmitted to the load terminal, including: the first controller in the first main circuit
  • the instantaneous value of the actual voltage value of the current output by the load is collected to determine whether the bypass power supply is normal.
  • the method provided in this example judges whether the bypass power supply is normal. The speed is faster and can be completed almost instantaneously, without detection time, and the switching from the bypass power supply to the first main power supply is uninterrupted.
  • the bypass continues to supply power to the load terminal until the voltage value of the current transmitted from the first power input terminal to the load terminal drops below the inverter.
  • the first controller controls the inverter output voltage value to be the current of the first voltage value also instantaneously. Therefore, it can be continuously switched to supply power from the first main circuit to the load end in an instant. Therefore, when the bypass power supply voltage is too low, the power supply will not be interrupted when switching from the bypass power supply to the first main power supply, so that the uninterrupted output of the UPS can be guaranteed.
  • the inverter output unit in the first main circuit includes an inverter and a first controller, the inverter is connected to the output end of the bus, the load end, and the first controller;
  • the driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system further includes :
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter in the first main circuit is greater than the theoretical voltage value of the current output from the first power input end to the load end;
  • the first controller in the first main circuit detects the current output by the load end in real time And determine whether the actual voltage value is less than the first voltage value; when the actual voltage value is less than the first voltage value, enter the first state, and the first controller in the first main circuit controls the inverter to turn off;
  • the inverter output unit in the first main circuit performs DC-AC conversion from the current input from the output end of the bus, and changes the voltage value to the first voltage
  • the value of the current is transmitted to the load terminal, including: the first controller in the first main circuit
  • the instantaneous value of the actual voltage value of the current output by the load is collected to determine whether the bypass power supply is normal.
  • the method provided in this example judges whether the bypass power supply is normal. The speed is faster and can be completed almost instantaneously without the need for detection time.
  • the bypass power supply when the bypass power supply exceeds the upper threshold, the bypass power supply can be instantly switched to the first main power supply, without the need to continuously output a high voltage signal for a period of time before switching to the first main power supply, which can reduce The UPS continues to output the abnormal current for the time to improve the stability of the UPS output current.
  • the voltage value of the current transmitted from the first power input terminal to the load terminal increases sharply.
  • the bypass continues to supply power to the load terminal until the voltage value of the current transmitted from the first power input terminal to the load terminal increases to a high level.
  • the first controller controls the inverter output voltage value to be the current of the first voltage value is also instantaneously completed, therefore, it can be continuously completed. In an instant, it is switched to supply power from the first main circuit to the load end.
  • the uninterruptible power supply system further includes a second main circuit, the second main circuit includes an inverter output unit and a bus, the inverter output unit includes an inverter and a first controller, and the inverter is connected to the output end of the bus, The load terminal and the first controller;
  • the driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system further comprising: the second voltage value of the current output by the inverter in the second main circuit is greater than the theoretical voltage of the current output from the first power input terminal to the load terminal Value;
  • the first controller in the second main circuit detects the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal in real time, and judges whether the actual voltage value is less than the second voltage value; when the actual voltage value is less than the second voltage value, enter the first In the first state, the first controller in the second main circuit controls the inverter to turn off; when the actual voltage value is greater than the second voltage value, it enters the third state; in the third state: the first two-way switch controls the first power input At the same time, the first
  • the UPS provided in this example can implement ultra-low voltage protection and ultra-high voltage protection for the output current at the same time, so as to reduce the possibility of the load connected to the UPS being damaged by low voltage or high voltage. Moreover, in this example, by collecting the instantaneous value of the actual voltage value of the current output by the load, to determine whether the bypass power supply is normal, the conclusion can be drawn instantaneously, and it can be switched continuously from the first main circuit or the second main circuit. The road supplies power to the load side.
  • bypass power supply voltage when the bypass power supply voltage is too low, it can switch from the bypass power supply to the first main circuit power supply instantaneously, or when the bypass power supply voltage is too high, it can switch from the bypass power supply to the second main circuit power supply instantaneously to ensure the UPS The uninterrupted output of the UPS, while shortening the time for the UPS to output abnormal current.
  • the inverter output unit in the first main circuit includes an inverter and a second bidirectional switch; the inverter is connected to the output end of the bus bar and the second bidirectional switch; the second bidirectional switch is also connected to the load end; an uninterruptible power supply system
  • the driving method further includes: controlling the second bidirectional switch in the first main circuit to enter the first state according to whether the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter in the first main circuit is less than the actual voltage value of the current output by the load end Or the second state; in the bypass, the first bidirectional switch is turned on, and the current at the first power input terminal is transmitted to the load terminal through the first bidirectional switch, including: the first bidirectional switch is turned on in the first direction, and the current at the first power input terminal It is transmitted to the load terminal through the first bidirectional switch; the inverter in the first main circuit performs DC-AC conversion from the current input from the output terminal of the bus, and transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch ,
  • the second bidirectional switch in the first main circuit reverses the direction in the second direction. Voltage cut-off; the inverter output unit in the first main circuit performs DC-AC conversion from the current input from the output end of the bus, and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the load end, including: in the first main circuit The inverter performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output end of the bus, and transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch; the second bidirectional switch is turned on, and the voltage value is the first voltage The current of the value is transmitted to the load terminal; wherein, the first voltage value is less than the theoretical voltage value; the first direction and the second direction are the direction flowing to the load terminal and the direction away from the load terminal.
  • the UPS provided in this example allows the bypass and the first main circuit to transmit current to the load side at the same time.
  • the back pressure of the first main circuit is cut off, and the bypass transmits current to the load end.
  • the first main circuit is naturally turned on, and at this time, the bypass back pressure is cut off. In this way, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass is too low, the seamless switching from the current transmission from the bypass to the load end to the transmission current of the first main circuit to the load end is completed. Therefore, when the bypass power supply voltage is too low, the power supply will not be interrupted when switching from the bypass power supply to the first main power supply, so that the uninterrupted output of the UPS can be guaranteed.
  • bypass and the first main circuit transmit current to the load side at the same time, there is a voltage difference between the currents transmitted by the bypass and the first main circuit, so that the transmission line with low voltage is automatically back-voltage cut off, and there is no bypass.
  • the circuit and the first main circuit are connected to form a circulating current, thereby avoiding the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS system due to the circulating current formed by the two circuits.
  • the inverter output unit in the first main circuit includes an inverter and a second bidirectional switch; the inverter is connected to the output end of the bus bar and the second bidirectional switch; the second bidirectional switch is also connected to the load end; an uninterruptible power supply system
  • the driving method further includes: controlling the second bidirectional switch in the first main circuit to enter the first state according to whether the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter in the first main circuit is greater than the actual voltage value of the current output by the load end Or the second state; in the bypass, the first bidirectional switch is turned on, and the current at the first power input terminal is transmitted to the load terminal through the first bidirectional switch, including: the first bidirectional switch is turned on in the first direction, and the current at the first power input terminal It is transmitted to the load terminal through the first bidirectional switch; the inverter in the first main circuit performs DC-AC conversion from the current input from the output terminal of the bus, and transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch ,
  • the second two-way switch in the first main circuit reverses the direction along the first direction. Voltage cut-off; the inverter output unit in the first main circuit performs DC-AC conversion from the current input from the output end of the bus, and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the load end, including: in the first main circuit The inverter performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output end of the bus, and transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch; the second bidirectional switch is turned on, and the voltage value is the first voltage The value of the current is transmitted to the load terminal; wherein, the first voltage value is greater than the theoretical voltage value; the first direction and the second direction are the direction flowing to the load terminal and the direction away from the load terminal.
  • the UPS provided in this example allows the bypass and the first main circuit to transmit current to the load side at the same time.
  • the back pressure of the first main circuit is cut off, and the bypass transmits current to the load end.
  • the first main circuit is naturally turned on, and at this time, the bypass back pressure is cut off. In this way, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass is too high, the seamless switching from the current transmission from the bypass to the load end to the current transmission from the first main circuit to the load end is completed.
  • bypass and the first main circuit transmit current to the load side at the same time, there is a voltage difference between the currents transmitted by the bypass and the first main circuit, so that the transmission line with low voltage is automatically back-voltage cut off, and there is no bypass.
  • the circuit and the first main circuit are connected to form a circulating current, thereby avoiding the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS system due to the circulating current formed by the two circuits.
  • the uninterruptible power supply system further includes a second main circuit
  • the second main circuit includes an inverter output unit and a bus
  • the inverter output unit includes an inverter and a second bidirectional switch
  • the inverter is connected to the output end of the bus and The second bidirectional switch
  • the second bidirectional switch is also connected to the load terminal
  • the driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system further includes: a second voltage of the second bidirectional switch in the second main circuit according to the current output by the inverter in the second main circuit Whether the value is greater than the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal, the control enters the first state or the third state; in the third state: the first two-way switch controls the first power input terminal to interrupt the load terminal; at the same time, the first main circuit
  • the inverter performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output end of the bus, and transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second two-way switch; the second two-way switch in the first main
  • the UPS provided in this example enables the bypass, the first main circuit, and the second main circuit to simultaneously transmit currents with different voltage values to the load end, which can achieve the completion of the slave side when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass is too low. Seamless switching of the current from the road to the load end to the first main road to the load end. When the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass is too high, seamless switching from the bypass to the load end of the current to the second main circuit to the load end is completed. Therefore, when the bypass power supply voltage is too low, the bypass power supply is instantly switched to the first main power supply. When the bypass power supply voltage is too high, switch from the bypass power supply to the second main power supply instantaneously. It can ensure the uninterrupted output of the UPS and shorten the time for the UPS to output abnormal current.
  • bypass, the first main circuit and the second main circuit transmit current to the load side at the same time, there is a voltage difference between the currents transmitted by the bypass, the first main circuit and the second main circuit, which makes the transmission line with low voltage Automatic back pressure cut-off, without the bypass, the first main circuit and the second main circuit forming a circulating current, so as to avoid the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS system due to the circulating current formed by the two circuits.
  • a power management chip is provided, which is used to implement any one of the driving methods of the uninterruptible power supply system of the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an uninterruptible power supply system provided by an embodiment of the application
  • Fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of an output signal of an uninterruptible power supply system provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another uninterruptible power supply system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of a driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 4 provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • 5b and 5c are schematic diagrams of the driving process of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 5d is a schematic diagram of a driving process of a first bidirectional switch according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 5e is a schematic diagram of the driving process of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of another driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 7a and 7b are structural diagrams of yet another uninterruptible power supply system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 7a according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 9a and 9b are schematic diagrams of the driving process of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 7a;
  • FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of yet another uninterruptible power supply system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 10 according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 12a and 12b are schematic diagrams of the driving process of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12c is a schematic diagram of output signals of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 10 provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • 12d and 12e are schematic diagrams of the driving process of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 10;
  • 14d and 14e are schematic diagrams of the driving process of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 10;
  • 15 is a structural diagram of yet another uninterruptible power supply system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 15 provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 17c is a schematic diagram of an output signal of the uninterruptible power supply system shown in FIG. 15 provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • first”, “second”, etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first”, “second”, etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • azimuthal terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left” and “right” are defined relative to the schematic placement of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are Relative concepts, they are used for relative description and clarification, which can be changed correspondingly according to the changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.
  • UPS uninterruptible power system
  • FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of a UPS and its peripheral structure is shown.
  • the power system 20 may be, for example, a power plant, a substation, a mains transmission line, or the like.
  • a part of the power supplied by the power system 20 is transmitted to the load 30 via the UPS 10, and a part of the power supplied by the power system 20 is stored in the UPS 10.
  • the power system 20 is in an abnormal state, the power system 20 cannot transmit power to the load 30. At this time, the power stored in the UPS 10 is transmitted to the load 30.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a UPS 10 that includes a first power input terminal IN1, a second power input terminal IN2, a load terminal O, a bypass B, and at least one main circuit M.
  • the bypass B includes a first two-way switch 11.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O, and is used to control the connection or interruption of the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O.
  • the positive half-cycle current can pass through the first bidirectional switch 11, and the negative half-cycle current can also pass through the first bidirectional switch 11.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 may be, for example, a static transfer switch (STS).
  • the UPS 10 may further include a control unit, for example, which is connected to the first bidirectional switch 11, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on along the positive half cycle, or turned on along the negative half cycle, or turned off by the control unit.
  • a control unit for example, which is connected to the first bidirectional switch 11, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on along the positive half cycle, or turned on along the negative half cycle, or turned off by the control unit.
  • Each main road M includes a rectifier 12, a battery unit 13, an inverter output unit 14 and a bus bar 15.
  • the rectifier 12 is also called an alternating current (AC)/direct current (DC) converter.
  • the rectifier 12 is connected to the second power input terminal IN2 and the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15, and is used to transfer the second power input terminal IN2 from the second power input terminal IN2. After the input current is converted from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), it is transmitted to the input terminal I1 of the bus 15.
  • AC alternating current
  • DC direct current
  • first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 can be connected to the same power system 20.
  • both the first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 are connected to the mains.
  • the first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 can also be connected to different power systems 20.
  • the battery unit 13 may include, for example, an energy storage battery such as a lithium iron phosphate battery (LiFePO4, LPF), a valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) battery, and the like.
  • an energy storage battery such as a lithium iron phosphate battery (LiFePO4, LPF), a valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) battery, and the like.
  • the battery unit 13 is used to receive and store the current input from the input terminal I1 of the bus 15.
  • the second power input terminal IN2 When the bypass B is abnormal and the main circuit M supplies power to the load terminal O, when the first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 are connected to different power systems 20, the second power input terminal IN2 outputs current to the bus 15 The input terminal I1 is used to supply power to the load terminal O. After the current of the second power input terminal IN2 is abnormal, the battery unit 13 outputs the current stored in the battery unit 13 to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 to supply power to the load terminal O.
  • the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 is connected to the second power input terminal IN2 through the rectifier 12, and the output terminal O1 of the bus bar 15 is connected to the inverter output unit 14 for transmitting the current transmitted by the rectifier 12 and the battery unit 14 to the inverter output unit 14. .
  • the inverter output unit 14 is also connected to the load terminal O for controlling whether the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 is converted from direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) and transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the mains power is normal, the first power input terminal IN1 receives power from the mains, the first bidirectional switch 11 is opened, and the current received by the first power input terminal IN1 is transmitted to the load terminal O through the first bidirectional switch 11 .
  • the mains power transmission is alternating current. Therefore, when the first power input terminal IN1 transmits a positive half-cycle current, the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the first direction X, and the current received by the first power input terminal IN1 passes through the first power input terminal IN1. The bidirectional switch 11 is transmitted to the load terminal O. When the first power input terminal IN1 transmits a negative half-cycle current, the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the second direction Y, and the current received by the first power input terminal IN1 is transmitted to the load terminal O through the first bidirectional switch 11.
  • the first direction X and the second direction Y are the direction flowing to the load end O and the direction away from the load end O.
  • the first direction X is the direction flowing to the load end O
  • the second direction Y is the direction away from the load end O as an example.
  • the inverter output unit 14 performs DC-AC conversion on the received current at the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 and then transmits it to the load terminal O.
  • the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14 in the main circuit M is equal to the current output by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the theoretical voltage value is different.
  • the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14 may be greater than the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1, and the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14 may also be smaller than the voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1. The theoretical voltage value of the current.
  • the UPS10 has an ultra-low voltage protection function, that is, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass B is too low, it is determined that the power supply of the bypass B is abnormal, and the power supply is switched to the main circuit M: the inverter output unit 14
  • the voltage value of the output current is smaller than the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14 in the main circuit M is the lower threshold value of the current output by the UPS10, and the voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1 drops sharply to the voltage of the current output by the inverter output unit 14.
  • the voltage value of the current output by the UPS 10 ranges between the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14 and the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the UPS10 has an ultra-high voltage protection function, that is, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass B is too high, it is determined that the power supply of the bypass B is abnormal, and the power supply is switched to the main circuit M: the inverter output unit 14 outputs The voltage value of the current is greater than the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the UPS 10 when the UPS 10 includes a main circuit M, the UPS 10 may have an ultra-low voltage protection function, or the UPS 10 may have an ultra-high voltage protection function. In the case that the UPS10 includes multiple main circuits M, the UPS10 may have both an ultra-low voltage protection function and an ultra-high voltage protection function.
  • the voltage value of the current transmitted from the first power input terminal IN1 to the load terminal O plummets and exceeds the lower threshold (that is, the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14)
  • the lower threshold that is, the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14
  • the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14 is less than the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14 is 210 Vac (thin line), and the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1 is 220 Vac (thick line).
  • the bypass B supplies power. At this time, no current on the main circuit M is output to the load terminal O (as shown in the left diagram in Fig. 3a).
  • the UPS directly switches to the first In the second state
  • the main circuit M takes over the bypass B to transmit current to the load terminal O (as shown in the right diagram in Figure 3a).
  • the solid curve in FIG. 3a represents the current received by the load terminal O
  • the dashed line represents the current not received by the load terminal O.
  • the power supply of bypass B is switched to the power supply of main circuit M. At this time, the voltage value of the current output by the inverter output unit 14 is greater than the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the UPS 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application controls the current on the main circuit M through the inverter output unit 14 so that when the voltage of the current on the bypass B is normal, the current on the main circuit M is controlled to be interrupted.
  • the main circuit M is controlled to be connected, and the main circuit M outputs current to the load terminal O to complete the switching of power supply between the bypass B and the main circuit M.
  • the UPS 10 includes: a first power input terminal IN1, a second power input terminal IN2, and a load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 includes a first silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) S1 and a second silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) S2.
  • the anode of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is connected to the load terminal O, and the cathode of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the gate G2 of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 receives the turn-on signal, the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the second direction Y to transmit the negative half cycle signal of the AC signal .
  • the gate G1 of the first thyristor rectifier S1 and the gate G2 of the second thyristor S2 can be connected to the control unit of UPS10, for example, and the control unit controls the first thyristor S1 and the second thyristor. Whether the rectifier S2 is driven or not.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 When the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is driven, and the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is not driven, the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the first direction X to transmit the current of the first power input terminal IN1 to the load terminal O. Similarly, when the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is driven, the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is not driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the second direction Y to transmit the current of the first power input terminal IN1 to the load terminal O . When the power supply of the bypass B is abnormal, the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned off, and the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O are interrupted.
  • the UPS 10 also includes a first main circuit M1, and the first main circuit M1 includes a rectifier 12, a battery unit 13, an inverter output unit 14 and a bus 15.
  • the first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 can be connected to the same power system 20.
  • both the first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 are connected to the mains.
  • the first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 can also be connected to different power systems 20.
  • the first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 are connected to the mains of the same power system 20 as an example.
  • the battery unit 13 is connected to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 for receiving and storing the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 and also for outputting the current stored in the battery unit 13 to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15.
  • the battery unit 13 may include, for example, an energy storage battery such as a lithium iron battery (LiFePO4, LPF), a valve regulated lead acid battery (VRLA) or the like.
  • an energy storage battery such as a lithium iron battery (LiFePO4, LPF), a valve regulated lead acid battery (VRLA) or the like.
  • the power supply of the first power input terminal IN1 is abnormal, that is, the power supply of the first power input terminal IN1 is abnormal. If the power supply of the power system 20 connected to the power input terminal IN1 is abnormal, the power supply of the second power input terminal IN2 is also abnormal. At this time, the battery unit 13 outputs the current stored in the battery unit 13 to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 to supply power to the load terminal O.
  • the second power input terminal IN2 When the bypass B is abnormal and the main circuit M supplies power to the load terminal O, when the first power input terminal IN1 and the second power input terminal IN2 are connected to different power systems 20, the second power input terminal IN2 first outputs current to the bus The input terminal I1 of 15 is used to supply power to the load terminal O. After the current at the second power input terminal IN2 is abnormal, the battery unit 13 outputs the current stored in the battery unit 13 to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 to supply power to the load terminal O.
  • the first controller 142 is used to control whether the inverter 141 is turned on (or understood as whether the inverter 141 outputs current).
  • the inverter 141 is turned on, the first main circuit M1 is turned on, and the first main circuit M1 is turned on.
  • the second power input terminal IN2 is connected to the load terminal O.
  • the inverter 141 is cut off, the first main circuit M1 is cut off, and the second power input terminal IN2 and the load terminal O are cut off.
  • the first controller 142 may be integrated in the control unit of the UPS 10, or integrated in the inverter 141, for example.
  • the driving method of UPS10 includes:
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 detects the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O in real time, and determines whether the actual voltage value is greater than the first value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1. Voltage value.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the first direction X, and the voltage value input by the first power input terminal IN1 is the current of the theoretical voltage value, which is transmitted to the load terminal via the first bidirectional switch 11 O.
  • the first thyristor S1 in the first bidirectional switch 11 is driven, the second thyristor S2 is not driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the first direction X.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the second direction Y, and the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 whose voltage value is the theoretical voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O through the first bidirectional switch 11. .
  • the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 in the first bidirectional switch 11 is driven, the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is not driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the second direction Y.
  • the rectifier 12 in the first main circuit M1 performs AC-DC conversion of the current input from the second power input terminal IN2 of the first main circuit M1, and transmits it to the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 in the first main circuit M1.
  • the battery unit 13 in the first main circuit M1 receives and stores the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 controls the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 to turn off, and the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the bypass B transmits current to the load terminal O, and the first main circuit M1 does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • bypass B does not include components for changing the voltage value on bypass B. Therefore, the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 is the same as that when bypass B supplies power.
  • the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is equal.
  • the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 is 220Vac
  • the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is also 220Vac.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the cut-off method of the first bidirectional switch 11 take the positive half-cycle driving as an example, as shown in FIG. However, the voltage of the cathode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 (for example, 210Vac) is higher than the voltage of the anode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 (for example, 0Vac), the back voltage of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is turned off, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned off.
  • the voltage of the cathode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 for example, 210Vac
  • the anode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 for example, 0Vac
  • the battery cell 13 in the first main circuit M1 or the second power input terminal N2 outputs current to the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 in the first main circuit M1.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 controls the inverter 141 to turn on.
  • the inverter 141 receives the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 in the first main circuit M1, and performs direct current on the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15- After the AC conversion, the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is a fixed value, and the first voltage value is less than the theoretical voltage value of the current inputted by the first power input terminal IN1. Therefore, when the bypass B power supply is normal, it is detected that the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O should be greater than the first voltage value. When it is detected that the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is less than the first voltage value, it is determined that the bypass B power supply is abnormal, and the second state is entered, and the first main circuit M1 starts to supply power.
  • the first main circuit M1 transmits current to the load terminal O, and the bypass B does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is 210 Vac, and at this time, the voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is also 210 Vac.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is a fixed value, and the specific value can be set reasonably according to needs.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is smaller than the current output by the first power input terminal IN1
  • the theoretical voltage value is sufficient.
  • the magnitude of the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 may be controlled by the control unit in the UPS10.
  • the first controller 142 controls the inverter 141 to output a current whose voltage value is the first voltage value. In this way, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass B is too low, the switching from the bypass B power supply to the first main circuit M1 power supply is completed.
  • the instantaneous value of the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is collected to determine whether the bypass B power supply is normal.
  • the method provided in this example judges the bypass B Whether the power supply is normal is faster and can be completed almost instantaneously, without the need for detection time.
  • the UPS10 provided in this example, as shown in Figure 3a, when the voltage value of the current transmitted from the first power input terminal IN1 to the load terminal O drops sharply, the bypass B continues to supply power to the load terminal O until the first power input terminal When the voltage value of the current transmitted from IN1 to the load terminal O drops below the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141, it is judged that the bypass B is abnormally completed instantaneously, and the first controller 142 controls the inverter 141.
  • the UPS 10 provided in this example switches instantly to the first main circuit M1 when the bypass B power supply is abnormal.
  • the bypass B supplies power
  • no signal flows on the first main circuit M1. Therefore, there is no situation that the first main circuit M1 and the bypass B are shared to form a circulating current, so that the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS 10 system due to the circulating current formed by the two paths can be avoided.
  • the voltage value of the current transmitted by the bypass B to the load terminal O suddenly increases, exceeding the upper threshold (the output of the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1)
  • the bypass B is powered off and the first main circuit M1 supplies power.
  • the driving method of UPS10 includes:
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the first direction X, and the voltage value input by the first power input terminal IN1 is the current of the theoretical voltage value, which is transmitted to the load terminal via the first bidirectional switch 11 O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the second direction Y, and the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 whose voltage value is the theoretical voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O through the first bidirectional switch 11. .
  • the rectifier 12 in the first main circuit M1 performs AC-DC conversion of the current input from the second power input terminal IN2 of the first main circuit M1, and transmits it to the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 in the first main circuit M1.
  • the battery unit 13 in the first main circuit M1 receives and stores the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 controls the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 to turn off, and the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 may be equal to or not equal to the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O when the bypass B is normally powered.
  • the structure of road B is related.
  • bypass B does not include components for changing the voltage value on bypass B. Therefore, the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 is the same as that when bypass B supplies power.
  • the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is equal.
  • the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 is 220Vac
  • the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is also 220Vac.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B is turned off, and the current of the first power input terminal IN1 cannot be transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 takes the positive half-cycle driving of the first bidirectional switch 11 as an example. As shown in FIG. Without driving, the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is turned on and clamped (by setting the power of the inverter 141 to be greater than the power of the first power input terminal IN1), and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned off.
  • the equivalent logic diagram of the positive half cycle of UPS10 is shown in Figure 6b.
  • the difference between the equivalent logic diagram of the negative half cycle and the equivalent logic diagram of the positive half cycle lies in the first thyristor rectifier in the first bidirectional switch 11. S1 is not driven, and the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is driven.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is a fixed value, and the first voltage value is greater than the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1. Therefore, when the bypass B power supply is normal, it is detected that the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O should be less than the first voltage value. When it is detected that the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is greater than the first voltage value, it is determined that the bypass B power supply is abnormal, and the second state is entered, and the first main circuit M1 starts to supply power.
  • the UPS10 provided in this example allows the first controller 142 to collect the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O in real time, and compare the collected actual voltage value (an instantaneous value) of the current output by the load terminal O with the inverter The first voltage value (a fixed value) of the current output by 141 is compared. When the actual voltage value is less than the first voltage value, it is determined that the output of bypass B is normal, and the bypass B supplies power to the load terminal O. At this time, the first controller 142 controls the inverter 141 not to output current. When the actual voltage value is greater than the first voltage value, it is determined that the output of the bypass B is abnormal, and the first main circuit M1 supplies power to the load terminal O.
  • the instantaneous value of the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is collected to determine whether the bypass B power supply is normal.
  • the method provided in this example judges the bypass B Whether the power supply is normal is faster and can be completed almost instantaneously, without the need for detection time.
  • the UPS 10 provided in this example switches instantly to the first main circuit M1 when the bypass B power supply is abnormal.
  • the bypass B supplies power
  • no signal flows on the first main circuit M1. Therefore, there is no situation that the first main circuit M1 and the bypass B are shared to form a circulating current, so that the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS 10 system due to the circulating current formed by the two paths can be avoided.
  • UPS10 includes:
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O of the UPS 10, and is used to control the connection or interruption of the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 includes a first silicon controlled rectifier S1 and a second silicon controlled rectifier S2.
  • the first main circuit M1 includes a rectifier 12, a battery unit 13, an inverter output unit 14 and a bus 15.
  • the rectifier 12 in the first main circuit M1 is connected to the second power input terminal IN2 and the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 for AC-DC conversion of the current input from the second power input terminal IN2, and then transmits the current to the input of the bus 15 ⁇ I1.
  • the battery unit 13 in the first main circuit M1 is connected to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15, for receiving and storing the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15, and also for outputting the current stored in the battery unit 13 to the input terminal of the bus bar 15. I1.
  • the inverter output unit 14 in the first main circuit M1 includes an inverter 141 and a first controller 142.
  • the inverter 141 is connected to the output terminal O1, the load terminal O and the first controller 142 of the bus bar 15, and is used to turn on under the control of the first controller 142, and direct current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus bar 15 ( After DC)-Alternating Current (AC) conversion, it is transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • DC DC-Alternating Current
  • the structure of the second main circuit M2 is the same as that of the first main circuit M1. As shown in FIG. 7a, the second main circuit M2 includes a rectifier 12', a battery unit 13', an inverter output unit 14' and a bus 15'.
  • the battery unit 13' in the second main circuit M2 is connected to the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15' for receiving and storing the current of the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15', and also for storing the current in the battery unit
  • the current in 13' is output to the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15'.
  • the inverter output unit 14' in the second main circuit M2 includes an inverter 141' and a first controller 142'.
  • the inverter 141' is connected to the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15', the load terminal O, and the first controller 142', and is used to turn on under the control of the first controller 142', and connect the output terminal of the bus 15'
  • the current input from the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 undergoes direct current (DC)-alternating current (AC) conversion, and then is transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • DC direct current
  • AC alternating current
  • the first power input terminal IN1, the second power input terminal IN2 in the first main circuit M1, and the second power input terminal IN2' in the second main circuit M2 can be connected to the same power system 20.
  • the first power input terminal IN1, the second power input terminal IN2 in the first main circuit M1, and the second power input terminal IN2' in the second main circuit M2 can also be connected to different power systems 20.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 and the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 are the same structure.
  • the first voltage value (for example, 210Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is the same as the first voltage value (for example, 210Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2.
  • Two voltage values (for example, 200Vac), both are different and both are smaller than the theoretical voltage value of the current transmitted by the first power input terminal IN1 (for example, 220Vac).
  • the first voltage value (for example, 230Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is the same as the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the second voltage value (for example, 240Vac) is different and both are greater than the theoretical voltage value (for example, 220Vac) of the current transmitted by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the first voltage value (for example, 210Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is smaller than the theoretical voltage value of the current transmitted by the first power input terminal IN1 (for example, 220Vac).
  • the second voltage value (for example, 230Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is greater than the theoretical voltage value (for example, 220Vac) of the current transmitted by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the driving method of the UPS10 includes:
  • the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 detects the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O in real time, and judges whether the actual voltage value is less than the first of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2. Two voltage values.
  • step S100 and step S200 can be performed at the same time, or step S100 can be performed first and then step S200 can be performed. Alternatively, step S200 may be executed first and then step S100 may be executed.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the first direction X, and the voltage value input by the first power input terminal IN1 is the current of the theoretical voltage value, which is transmitted to the load terminal through the first bidirectional switch 11 O.
  • the rectifier 12 in the first main circuit M1 performs AC-DC conversion of the current input from the second power input terminal IN2 of the first main circuit M1, and transmits it to the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 in the first main circuit M1.
  • the battery unit 13 in the first main circuit M1 receives and stores the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 controls the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 to turn off, and the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the rectifier 12' in the second main circuit M2 performs AC-DC conversion of the current input from the second power input terminal IN2' in the second main circuit M2, and transmits it to the bus 15' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the input terminal I1' of the bus bar 15, and the battery unit 13' in the second main circuit M2 receives and stores the current of the input terminal I1' of the bus bar 15.
  • the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 controls the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 to turn off, and the current at the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the second direction Y, and the current inputted by the first power input terminal IN1 whose voltage value is the theoretical voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O through the first bidirectional switch 11. .
  • the rectifier 12' in the second main circuit M2 performs AC-DC conversion of the current input from the second power input terminal IN2' in the second main circuit M2, and transmits it to the bus 15' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the input terminal I1' of the bus bar 15, and the battery unit 13' in the second main circuit M2 receives and stores the current of the input terminal I1' of the bus bar 15.
  • the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 controls the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 to turn off, and the current at the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the bypass B transmits current to the load terminal O
  • the first main circuit M1 does not transmit current to the load terminal O
  • the second main circuit M2 does not transmit current to the load.
  • Terminal O transmits current.
  • the solid line in FIG. 9c represents the current received by the load terminal O
  • the dashed line represents the current not received by the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B is turned off, and the current at the first power input terminal IN1 cannot be transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the battery cell 13 in the first main circuit M1 or the second power input terminal N2 outputs current to the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 in the first main circuit M1.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 controls the inverter 141 to turn on.
  • the inverter 141 receives the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15, performs DC-AC conversion on the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15, and converts The current whose voltage value is the first voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 controls the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 to turn off, and the current at the input terminal I1' of the bus 15' of the bus 15' in the second main circuit M2 is not Transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the positive half-cycle equivalent logic diagram of UPS10 is shown in Figure 9d.
  • the difference between the negative half-cycle equivalent logic diagram and the positive half-cycle equivalent logic diagram is that the first thyristor S1 in the first bidirectional switch 11 is not Drive, the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 drives.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is a fixed value, and the first voltage value is less than the theoretical voltage value of the current inputted by the first power input terminal IN1 in the first main circuit M1. Therefore, when the bypass B power supply is normal, it is detected that the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O should be greater than the first voltage value. When it is detected that the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is less than the first voltage value, it is determined that the bypass B power supply is abnormal, and the second state is entered, and the first main circuit M1 starts to supply power.
  • the first main circuit M1 transmits current to the load terminal O, and the bypass B does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the main circuit M2 also does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is 210 Vac, and at this time, the voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is also 210 Vac.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is a fixed value, and the specific value can be set reasonably according to needs.
  • the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 The first voltage value of is smaller than the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1 in the first main circuit M1.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B is turned on and clamped off, and the current of the first power input terminal IN1 cannot be transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the battery cell 13' or the second power input terminal N2' in the second main circuit M2 outputs current to the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 controls the inverter 141' to turn on, and the inverter 141' receives the current at the input terminal I1' of the bus bar 15 in the second main circuit M2, and responds to the input terminal I1' of the bus bar 15 After performing DC-AC conversion on the current of, the current whose voltage value is the second voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 controls the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 to turn off, and the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the second voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is a fixed value, and the specific value can be set reasonably according to needs.
  • the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is It is sufficient that the second voltage value is greater than the theoretical voltage value of the current output by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the UPS10 provided in this example allows the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 and the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 to collect the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O in real time, and collect The actual voltage value (an instantaneous value) of the current output by the load terminal O and the first voltage value (a fixed value) of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 and the inverter in the second main circuit M2 The second voltage value (a fixed value) of the current output by 141' is compared. When the actual voltage value is greater than the first voltage value and less than the second voltage value, it is determined that the output of bypass B is normal, and the bypass B supplies power to the load terminal O.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 controls the inverter 141 not to output current
  • the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 also controls the inverter 141' not to output current.
  • the first controller 142 in the first main circuit M1 controls the inverter 141 to output a current whose voltage value is the first voltage value. In this way, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass B is too low, the switching from the bypass B power supply to the first main circuit M1 power supply is completed.
  • the UPS 10 When the actual voltage value is greater than the second voltage value, it is determined that the output of the bypass B is abnormal, and the second main circuit M2 supplies power to the load terminal O. At this time, the first controller 142' in the second main circuit M2 controls the output voltage of the inverter 141' to be the current with the second voltage value. In this way, when the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass B is too high, the switching from the bypass B power supply to the second main circuit M2 power supply is completed. Therefore, the UPS 10 provided in this example can simultaneously implement ultra-low voltage protection and ultra-high voltage protection for the output current, so as to reduce the possibility of the load 30 connected to the UPS 10 being damaged by low voltage or high voltage.
  • the bypass B power supply voltage is too low, it switches from bypass B power supply to the first main circuit M1 power supply instantaneously, or when the bypass B power supply voltage is too high, it switches from bypass B power supply to the second main circuit power supply instantaneously.
  • M2 power supply can ensure uninterrupted output of UPS10 and shorten the time for UPS10 to output abnormal current.
  • the UPS10 provided in this example is switched to be powered by the first main circuit M1 or the second main circuit M2 when the bypass B power supply is abnormal.
  • the bypass B supplies power
  • the first main circuit M1 and the second main circuit There is no signal flow on the power supply M2. Therefore, there is no situation in which the first main circuit M1 or the second main circuit power supply M2 and the bypass B are connected to form a circulating current, which can avoid the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS 10 system due to the circulating current formed by the two circuits.
  • the third example is the same as the first example in that the UPS 10 includes the bypass B and the first main circuit M1.
  • the difference between the third example and the first example is that the structure of the inverter output unit 14 in the first main circuit M1 is different, and the driving method is also different.
  • UPS10 includes:
  • bypass B includes a first two-way switch 11.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O of the UPS 10, and is used to control the connection or interruption of the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 includes a first silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) S1 and a second silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) S2.
  • the anode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1, and the cathode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is connected to the load terminal O.
  • the gate G1 of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 receives the turn-on signal, the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the first direction X to transmit the positive half cycle signal of the AC signal .
  • the anode of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is connected to the load terminal O, and the cathode of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the gate G2 of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 receives the turn-on signal, the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the second direction Y to transmit the negative half cycle signal of the AC signal .
  • the gate G1 of the first thyristor rectifier S1 and the gate G2 of the second thyristor S2 can be connected to the control unit of UPS10, for example, and the control unit controls the first thyristor S1 and the second thyristor. Whether the rectifier S2 is driven or not.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the first direction X to transmit the current of the first power input terminal IN1 to the load terminal O.
  • the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is not driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the second direction Y to transmit the current of the first power input terminal IN1 to the load terminal O .
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned off, and the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O are interrupted.
  • the first main circuit M1 includes a rectifier 12, a battery unit 13, an inverter output unit 14 and a bus 15.
  • the rectifier 12 is connected to the second power input terminal IN2 and the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15, and is used for transmitting the current input from the second power input terminal IN2 to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 after AC-DC conversion.
  • the battery unit 13 is connected to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 for receiving and storing the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15 and also for outputting the current stored in the battery unit 13 to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15.
  • the inverter output unit 14 includes an inverter 141 and a second bidirectional switch 143.
  • the inverter 141 is connected to the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 and the second bidirectional switch 143, and is used to convert the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 to the second bidirectional switch 143 after DC-AC conversion.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is also connected to the load terminal O for controlling whether to transmit the current output by the inverter 141 to the load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 includes a third silicon controlled rectifier S3 and a fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4.
  • the anode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is connected to the inverter 141, and the cathode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is connected to the load terminal O.
  • the gate G3 of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 receives the turn-on signal, the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is driven.
  • the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is not driven, and the second bidirectional switch 143 moves along the first direction. X is on.
  • the anode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is connected to the load terminal O, and the cathode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is connected to the inverter 141.
  • the gate G4 of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 receives the turn-on signal, the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is driven.
  • the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is not driven, and the second bidirectional switch 143 moves in the second direction. Y is on.
  • the gate G3 of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 and the gate G4 of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 can be connected to the control unit of UPS10, for example, and the control unit controls the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 and the fourth silicon controlled rectifier. Whether the rectifier S4 is driven or not.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 When the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is driven, and the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is not driven, the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned on in the first direction X to transmit the current of the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 to the load terminal O. Similarly, when the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is driven, the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is not driven, and the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned on in the second direction Y to transmit the current of the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 to the load terminal O .
  • the bypass B power supply is normal, the third thyristor S3 or the fourth thyristor S4 is driven, but the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off, and the current at the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the voltage value of the current transmitted by the bypass B to the load terminal O plummets and exceeds the lower threshold (the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 When the first voltage value), the bypass B is powered off, and the first main circuit M1 supplies power.
  • the driving method of UPS10 includes:
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 controls to enter the first state according to whether the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is less than the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O Or the second state.
  • step S12 does not need to be deliberately performed an independent judgment process, but is directly and naturally completed by the second two-way switch 143.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 directly reverses the voltage and cuts off. Will not conduct, thus entering the first state.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 naturally conducts Pass (without additional control or judgment), thus entering the second state.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the first direction X, and the voltage value input by the first power input terminal IN1 is a current of the theoretical voltage value, which is transmitted to the load terminal through the first bidirectional switch 11 O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off along the first direction X, and the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 ,
  • the inverter 141 transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143, but since the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off, the voltage value output by the inverter 141 is the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value. Not transmitted to load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off along the first direction X, for example, it can be driven by the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 in the second bidirectional switch 143, and the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is not driven.
  • the voltage of the anode of the third thyristor S3 (the first voltage value 210Vac of the current output by the inverter 141) is less than the voltage of the cathode (the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is 220Vac), therefore, the third thyristor
  • the reverse voltage of the rectifier S3 is turned off, so that the second bidirectional switch 143 is reversely turned off in the first direction X.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the second direction Y, and the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 whose voltage value is the theoretical voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O through the first bidirectional switch 11. .
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off along the second direction Y, and the inverter 142 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 ,
  • the inverter 141 transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143, but because the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off, the voltage value output by the inverter 141 is the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value. Not transmitted to load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is reversely turned off in the second direction Y, for example, it can be driven by the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 in the second bidirectional switch 143, and the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is not driven.
  • the voltage of the anode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S3 (the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O-220Vac) is less than the voltage of the cathode (the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141-210Vac). Therefore, the fourth The silicon-controlled rectifier S4 is turned off by the reverse voltage, so that the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off by the reverse voltage along the second direction Y.
  • the bypass B transmits current to the load terminal O.
  • the inverter 141 Although there is current flowing on the first main circuit M1, the inverter 141 always outputs a current of the first voltage value.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off, the first main circuit M1 does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 is 220Vac
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is 210Vac.
  • the voltage of the current output by the load terminal O The value is 220Vac.
  • the solid line in FIG. 12c represents the current transmitted to the load terminal O
  • the dashed line represents the current not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 takes positive half-cycle driving as an example, as shown in FIG.
  • the voltage value of the anode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 (the actual voltage value of the current output by the bypass B to the load terminal O 0Vac) is less than the voltage value of the cathode (the current output of the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1)
  • the first voltage value is 210Vac
  • the back pressure of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is cut off, and the back pressure of the bypass B is cut off.
  • the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143; the second bidirectional switch 143 is driven along the first direction X, and transmits the current with the first voltage value to the load terminal O.
  • the signal received by the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 in the first main circuit M1 is a signal input from the second power input terminal IN2 of the first main circuit M1, or input from the battery unit 13 in the first main circuit M1 signal of.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 controls the interruption of the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O.
  • the second thyristor S2 is driven and the first thyristor S1 is not driven.
  • the voltage value of the anode of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 (the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1-210Vac) is less than the voltage value of the cathode (the current output from the bypass B to the load terminal O)
  • the actual voltage value is 0Vac), therefore, the back pressure of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is cut off, and the back pressure of bypass B is cut off.
  • the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143; the second bidirectional switch 143 is driven in the second direction Y, and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the load terminal O.
  • the signal received by the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 in the first main circuit M1 is a signal input from the second power input terminal IN2 of the first main circuit M1, or input from the battery unit 13 in the first main circuit M1 signal of.
  • the first main circuit M1 transmits current to the load terminal O, and the bypass B does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is 210 Vac, and at this time, the voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is also 210 Vac.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is a fixed value, and the first voltage value is less than the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1. Therefore, when the power supply of the bypass B is normal, the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 automatically reverses the pressure and cuts off.
  • the first main circuit M1 is naturally turned on, bypass B is cut off, and enters the second state. A main circuit M1 starts to supply power.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is a fixed value, and the specific value can be set reasonably according to needs.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is smaller than the current output by the first power input terminal IN1
  • the theoretical voltage value is sufficient.
  • the magnitude of the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 may be controlled by the control unit in the UPS10.
  • the UPS10 provided in this example allows bypass B and the first main circuit M1 to transmit current to the load terminal O at the same time, and the theoretical voltage value of the current transmitted from the bypass B to the load terminal O is greater than that of the first main circuit M1 to the load terminal O.
  • the first voltage value of the transmission current when the voltage value of the current transmitted by the bypass B to the load terminal O is greater than the voltage value of the current transmitted by the first main circuit M1 to the load terminal O, the first main circuit M1 is turned off and the bypass B Transfer current to the load terminal O.
  • bypass B back pressure is cut off and the first main circuit M1 is naturally turned on .
  • the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass B is too low, and after it is as low as the first voltage value, the seamless transfer of current from the bypass B to the load terminal O to the first main circuit M1 to the load terminal O is completed. Switch. Therefore, when the bypass B power supply voltage is too low, there will be no power supply interruption when switching from the bypass B power supply to the first main circuit M1 power supply, so that the uninterrupted output of the UPS 10 can be ensured.
  • bypass B and the first main circuit M1 transmit current to the load terminal O at the same time, there is a voltage difference between the currents transmitted on the bypass B and the first main circuit M1, so that the transmission line with low voltage is automatically back-voltage cut off. , And the bypass B and the first main circuit M1 will not form a circulating current, which can avoid the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS10 system due to the circulating current formed by the two routes.
  • the voltage value of the current transmitted by the bypass B to the load terminal O suddenly increases, exceeding the upper threshold (the output of the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1)
  • the bypass B is powered off and the first main circuit M1 supplies power.
  • the driving method of UPS10 includes:
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 controls to enter the first state according to whether the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is greater than the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O Or the second state.
  • step S13 does not need to be deliberately performed an independent judgment process, but is directly and naturally completed by the second bidirectional switch 143, and the actual voltage value of the current output at the load terminal O is less than At the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1, the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 directly reverses the voltage and will not conduct, thus entering the first state.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is naturally turned on , Thus entering the second state.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the first direction X, and the voltage value input by the first power input terminal IN1 is the current of the theoretical voltage value, which is transmitted to the load terminal through the first bidirectional switch 11 O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off along the second direction Y, and the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 ,
  • the inverter 141 transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143, but since the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off, the current of the first voltage value output by the inverter 141 is not transmitted to Load end O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off along the second direction Y, for example, it can be driven by the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 in the second bidirectional switch 143, and the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is not driven.
  • the voltage of the anode of the fourth thyristor S3 (the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is 220Vac) is less than the voltage of the cathode (the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is 230Vac), therefore, the fourth thyristor
  • the reverse voltage of the rectifier S4 is turned off, so that the second bidirectional switch 143 is reversely turned off in the second direction Y.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the second direction Y, and the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 whose voltage value is the theoretical voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O through the first bidirectional switch 11. .
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off along the first direction X, and the inverter 142 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 ,
  • the inverter 141 transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143, but since the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off, the current of the first voltage value output by the inverter 141 is not transmitted to Load end O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off along the first direction X, for example, it can be driven by the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 in the second bidirectional switch 143, and the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is not driven.
  • the voltage of the anode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 (the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141-230Vac) is less than the voltage of the cathode (the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O-220Vac). Therefore, the third The silicon-controlled rectifier S3 is turned off by the reverse voltage, so that the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off by the reverse voltage along the first direction X.
  • the bypass B transmits current to the load terminal O.
  • the inverter 141 Although there is current flowing on the first main circuit M1, the inverter 141 always outputs a current of the first voltage value.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off, the first main circuit M1 does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 is 220Vac
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is 230Vac.
  • the voltage of the current output by the load terminal O The value is 220Vac.
  • the solid line in FIG. 14c represents the current transmitted to the load terminal O
  • the dashed line represents the current not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 controls the interruption of the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O.
  • the first thyristor S1 is driven, and the second thyristor S2 is not driven.
  • the power of the inverter 141 is greater than the power of the first power input terminal IN1, so that the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 can be turned on and clamped, so that the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on and clamped off to control the first power input terminal.
  • IN1 is interrupted with load terminal O.
  • the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143; the second bidirectional switch 143 is driven in the second direction Y, and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 controls the interruption of the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O.
  • the second thyristor S2 is driven and the first thyristor S1 is not driven.
  • the second thyristor rectifier S2 can be turned on and clamped, so that the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on and clamped off to control the first power input.
  • the terminal IN1 and the load terminal O are interrupted.
  • the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143; the second bidirectional switch 143 is driven along the first direction X, and transmits the current with the first voltage value to the load terminal O.
  • the first main circuit M1 transmits current to the load terminal O, and the bypass B does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is 230Vac, and at this time, the voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is also 230Vac.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is a fixed value, and the first voltage value is greater than the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned on in the second direction Y, and the opening direction of the first bidirectional switch 11 and the opening direction of the second bidirectional switch 143 are always opposite.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 automatically reverses the pressure and cuts off.
  • the first main circuit M1 is naturally turned on, bypass B is cut off, and enters the second state.
  • a main circuit M1 starts to supply power.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is a fixed value, and the specific value can be set reasonably according to needs.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 is greater than the current output by the first power input terminal IN1
  • the theoretical voltage value is sufficient.
  • the magnitude of the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 may be controlled by the control unit in the UPS10.
  • the UPS10 provided in this example allows bypass B and the first main circuit M1 to transmit current to the load terminal O at the same time, and the theoretical voltage value of the current transmitted from the bypass B to the load terminal O is smaller than that of the first main circuit M1 to the load terminal O.
  • the first voltage value of the transmission current when the voltage value of the current transmitted by the bypass B to the load terminal O is less than the voltage value of the current transmitted by the first main circuit M1 to the load terminal O, the first main circuit M1 is turned off and the bypass B Transfer current to the load terminal O.
  • the bypass B power supply when the bypass B power supply exceeds the upper threshold, the bypass B power supply can be instantly switched to the first main circuit M1 power supply, and there is no need to continuously output a high voltage signal for a period of time before switching to the first main circuit M1 power supply , Which can shorten the time that UPS10 continues to output abnormal current and improve the stability of UPS10 output current.
  • bypass B and the first main circuit M1 transmit current to the load terminal O at the same time, there is a voltage difference between the currents transmitted on the bypass B and the first main circuit M1, so that the transmission line with low voltage is automatically back-voltage cut off. , And the bypass B and the first main circuit M1 will not form a circulating current, which can avoid the risk of affecting the reliability of the UPS10 system due to the circulating current formed by the two routes.
  • the fourth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment in that the UPS 10 includes the bypass B and the first main circuit M1.
  • the UPS 10 also includes a second main circuit M2, the voltage value of the current provided by the bypass B to the load terminal O and the voltage of the current provided by the second main circuit M2 to the load terminal O The value is different.
  • UPS10 includes:
  • bypass B includes a first two-way switch 11.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O of the UPS 10, and is used to control the connection or interruption of the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 includes a first silicon controlled rectifier S1 and a second silicon controlled rectifier S2.
  • the anode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1, and the cathode of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is connected to the load terminal O.
  • the gate G1 of the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 receives the turn-on signal, the first silicon controlled rectifier S1 is driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the first direction X to transmit the positive half cycle signal of the AC signal .
  • the anode of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is connected to the load terminal O, and the cathode of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is connected to the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the gate G2 of the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 receives the turn-on signal, the second silicon controlled rectifier S2 is driven, and the first bidirectional switch 11 is turned on in the second direction Y to transmit the negative half cycle signal of the AC signal .
  • the first main circuit M1 includes a rectifier 12, a battery unit 13, an inverter output unit 14 and a bus 15.
  • the rectifier 12 in the first main circuit M1 is connected to the second power input terminal IN2 and the input terminal I1 of the bus 15 for AC-DC conversion of the current input from the second power input terminal IN2, and then transmits the current to the input of the bus 15 ⁇ I1.
  • the battery unit 13 in the first main circuit M1 is connected to the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15, for receiving and storing the current at the input terminal I1 of the bus bar 15, and also for outputting the current stored in the battery unit 13 to the input terminal of the bus bar 15. I1.
  • the inverter output unit 14 in the first main circuit M1 includes an inverter 141 and a second bidirectional switch 143.
  • the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is connected to the output terminal O1 of the bus bar 15 and the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1, and is used to convert the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus bar 15 from DC to AC. It is transmitted to the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is also connected to the load terminal O for controlling whether to transmit the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 to the load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 includes a third silicon controlled rectifier S3 and a fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4.
  • the anode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is connected to the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1, and the cathode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is connected to the load terminal O.
  • the gate G3 of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 receives the turn-on signal, the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is driven.
  • the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is not driven, and the second bidirectional switch 143 moves along the first direction. X is on.
  • the anode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is connected to the load terminal O, and the cathode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is connected to the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1.
  • the gate G4 of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 receives the turn-on signal, the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is driven.
  • the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is not driven, and the second bidirectional switch 143 moves in the second direction. Y is on.
  • the gate G3 of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 and the gate G4 of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 can be connected to the control unit of UPS10, for example, and the control unit controls the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 and the fourth silicon controlled rectifier. Whether the rectifier S4 is driven or not.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 When the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is driven, and the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is not driven, the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned on in the first direction X to transmit the current of the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 to the load terminal O. Similarly, when the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is driven, the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is not driven, and the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned on in the second direction Y to transmit the current of the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 to the load terminal O .
  • the structure of the second main circuit M2 is the same as that of the first main circuit M1. As shown in FIG. 15, the second main circuit M2 includes a rectifier 12', a battery unit 13', an inverter output unit 14' and a bus 15'.
  • the rectifier 12' in the second main circuit M2 is connected to the second power input terminal IN2' in the second main circuit M2 and the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15' for the power input from the second power input terminal IN2' After the current is converted from AC to DC, it is transmitted to the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15'.
  • the battery unit 13' in the second main circuit M2 is connected to the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15' in the second main circuit M2, and is used to receive and store the current of the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15'. To output the current stored in the battery cell 13' to the input terminal I1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15'.
  • the inverter output unit 14' in the second main circuit M2 includes an inverter 141' and a second bidirectional switch 143'.
  • the inverter 141 in the second main circuit M2 is connected to the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15' in the second main circuit M2 and the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the current input from the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 undergoes DC-AC conversion and is transmitted to the second bidirectional switch 143'.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 ′ in the second main circuit M2 in the second main circuit M2 is also connected to the load terminal O for controlling whether to transmit the current output by the inverter 141 ′ in the second main circuit M2 to the load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 includes a third silicon controlled rectifier S3' and a fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4'.
  • the anode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' is connected to the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2, and the cathode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' is connected to the load terminal O.
  • the gate G3' of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' receives the turn-on signal, the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' is driven.
  • the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4' is not driven, and the second main circuit M2
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' is turned on in the first direction X.
  • the anode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4' is connected to the load terminal O, and the cathode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4' is connected to the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the gate G4' of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4' receives the turn-on signal, the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4' is driven.
  • the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' is not driven, and the second main circuit M2
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' is turned on in the second direction Y.
  • the first power input terminal IN1, the second power input terminal IN2 in the first main circuit M1, and the second power input terminal IN2' in the second main circuit M2 can be connected to the same power system 20.
  • the first power input terminal IN1, the second power input terminal IN2 in the first main circuit M1, and the second power input terminal IN2' in the second main circuit M2 can also be connected to different power systems 20.
  • the difference between the first main circuit M1 and the second main circuit M2 is that the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is different from that of the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the magnitude of the second voltage value of the current is different.
  • the first voltage value (for example, 210Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is the same as the first voltage value (for example, 210Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2.
  • Two voltage values (for example, 200Vac), both are different and both are smaller than the theoretical voltage value of the current transmitted by the first power input terminal IN1 (for example, 220Vac).
  • the first voltage value (for example, 230Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is the same as the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the second voltage value (for example, 240Vac) is different and both are greater than the theoretical voltage value (for example, 220Vac) of the current transmitted by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the first voltage value (for example, 210Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is smaller than the theoretical voltage value of the current transmitted by the first power input terminal IN1 (for example, 220Vac).
  • the second voltage value (for example, 230Vac) of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is greater than the theoretical voltage value (for example, 220Vac) of the current transmitted by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the driving method of the UPS10 includes:
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 controls to enter the first state according to whether the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is less than the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O Or the second state.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M1 controls the entry to the second main circuit M2 according to whether the second voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is greater than the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O One state or third state.
  • step S110 and step S120 do not need to be deliberately performed an independent judgment process, but are performed by the second two-way switch 143 and the second main circuit M1 in the first main circuit respectively.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in M2 is directly and naturally completed.
  • the actual voltage value of the current output at the load terminal O is greater than the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1, and less than the second voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 and the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 are directly reversed and will not be turned on, thus entering the first state.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 When the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is less than the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1, the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is naturally turned on (no need (Additional control or judgment), the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is still turned off and will not be turned on, thus entering the second state.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is naturally turned on (No additional control or judgment is required), the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is still turned off and will not be turned on, thus entering the third state.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the first direction X, and the voltage value input by the first power input terminal IN1 is the current of the theoretical voltage value, which is transmitted to the load terminal through the first bidirectional switch 11 O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off along the first direction X, and the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 ,
  • the inverter 141 transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1, but because the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off, the inverter The current whose voltage value is the first voltage value output by 141 is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off along the first direction X.
  • it can be the third silicon controlled rectifier in the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1. S3 is driven, and the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 is not driven.
  • the voltage at the anode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 (the first voltage value 210Vac of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1) is less than the voltage at the cathode (the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is 220Vac), so ,
  • the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is turned off by the reverse voltage, so that the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off by the reverse voltage along the first direction X.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off along the second direction Y, and the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 will input the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15'
  • the inverter 141' transfers the current with the voltage value of the second voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2, but the second bidirectional switch 143' is turned off due to the reverse voltage ,
  • the current whose voltage value is the second voltage value output by the inverter 141' is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off along the second direction Y.
  • it may be the fourth controllable switch in the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the silicon rectifier S4' is driven, and the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' is not driven.
  • the voltage of the anode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S3' (the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is 220Vac) is less than the voltage of the cathode (the second voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is 230Vac) Therefore, the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4' is turned off by the reverse voltage, so that the second bidirectional switch 143' is turned off by the reverse voltage along the second direction Y.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in bypass B is turned on in the second direction Y, and the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 whose voltage value is the theoretical voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O through the first bidirectional switch 11. .
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off in the second direction Y, and the inverter 142 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 ,
  • the inverter 141 transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143, but since the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off, the voltage value output by the inverter 141 is The current of the first voltage value is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 is reversely turned off in the second direction Y, for example, it can be driven by the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4 in the second bidirectional switch 143, and the third silicon controlled rectifier S3 is not driven.
  • the voltage of the anode of the fourth silicon controlled rectifier S3 (the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O-220Vac) is less than the voltage of the cathode (the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141-210Vac). Therefore, the fourth The silicon-controlled rectifier S4 is turned off by the reverse voltage, so that the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off by the reverse voltage along the second direction Y.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off along the first direction X, and the inverter 142' in the second main circuit M2 will input the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15'
  • the inverter 141' transfers the current with the second voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143', but the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off due to the reverse voltage , The current whose voltage value is the second voltage value output by the inverter 141' is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off along the first direction X, for example, it can be driven by the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' in the second bidirectional switch 143', The fourth silicon controlled rectifier S4' is not driven.
  • the voltage of the anode of the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' (the second voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2-230Vac) is less than the voltage of the cathode (the actual voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O- 220Vac), therefore, the third silicon controlled rectifier S3' is turned off by the reverse voltage, so that the second bidirectional switch 143' is turned off by the reverse voltage along the first direction X.
  • the bypass B transmits current to the load terminal O.
  • the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 has been The current of the first voltage value is output, but since the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off by the reverse voltage, the first main circuit M1 does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the second main circuit M2 In the same way, although current flows on the second main circuit M2, no current is transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1 is 220Vac
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is 210Vac
  • the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is The second voltage value of the output current is 230Vac.
  • the voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is 220Vac.
  • the solid line in FIG. 17c represents the current transmitted to the load terminal O
  • the dashed line represents the current not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus bar 15, and transmits the current with the first voltage value to the first main circuit.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in M1; the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is driven along the first direction X, and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B is turned off along the first direction X, and the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off along the second direction Y, and the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 will input the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15'
  • the inverter 141' transfers the current with the second voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143', but the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off due to the reverse voltage ,
  • the current whose voltage value is the second voltage value output by the inverter 141' is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus bar 15, and transmits the current with the first voltage value to the first main circuit.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in M1; the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is driven along the second direction Y, and transmits the current with the voltage value of the first voltage value to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B is turned off along the second direction Y, and the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off along the first direction X, and the inverter 142' in the second main circuit M2 will input the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15'
  • the inverter 141' transfers the current with the second voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143', but the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned off due to the reverse voltage , The current whose voltage value is the second voltage value output by the inverter 141' is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first main circuit M1 transmits current to the load terminal O
  • the bypass B does not transmit current to the load terminal O
  • the second main circuit M1 transmits current to the load terminal O.
  • Road M2 also does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is 210 Vac
  • the voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is also 210 Vac.
  • the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15', and transmits the current of the second voltage value to the first
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2; the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is driven in the second direction Y, and transmits the current of the second voltage value to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B is turned on and clamped off, and the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off along the first direction X, and the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 ,
  • the inverter 141 transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143, but since the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off, the voltage value output by the inverter 141 is The current of the first voltage value is not transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 performs DC-AC conversion on the current input from the output terminal O1' of the bus 15 of the bus 15', and converts the voltage value to the current of the second voltage value. It is transmitted to the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2; the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is driven along the first direction X, and the current with the voltage value of the second voltage value is transmitted to the load terminal O.
  • the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B is turned on and clamped off, and the first bidirectional switch 11 in the bypass B controls the first power input terminal IN1 and the load terminal O to be interrupted.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned off along the second direction Y, and the inverter 142 in the first main circuit M1 performs DC-AC conversion of the current input from the output terminal O1 of the bus 15 ,
  • the inverter 141 transmits the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value to the second bidirectional switch 143, but because the second bidirectional switch 143 is turned off, the voltage value output by the inverter 141 is the current whose voltage value is the first voltage value. Not transmitted to load terminal O.
  • the second main circuit M2 transmits current to the load terminal O, and the bypass B does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the first main Road M1 also does not transmit current to the load terminal O.
  • the second voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is 230Vac, and at this time, the voltage value of the current output by the load terminal O is also 230Vac.
  • the first voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141 in the first main circuit M1 is a fixed value, and the first voltage value is less than the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the second voltage value of the current output by the inverter 141' in the second main circuit M2 is also a fixed value, and the second voltage value is greater than the theoretical voltage value of the current input by the first power input terminal IN1.
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned on in the first direction X
  • the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2 is turned on in the second direction Y
  • the second bidirectional switch 143 in the first main circuit M1 is turned on in the second direction Y.
  • the opening direction of the switch 143 is always opposite to the opening direction of the second bidirectional switch 143' in the second main circuit M2.
  • the UPS10 provided in this example allows bypass B, the first main circuit M1, and the second main circuit M2 to simultaneously transmit currents with different voltage values to the load terminal O, and the voltage value of the current transmitted to the load terminal O in the bypass B
  • the first main circuit M1 to the load terminal O is greater than the voltage value of the current transmitted from the second main circuit M2 to the load terminal O
  • the first main circuit M1 is turned off and the second main circuit M1 is turned off.
  • the back pressure of the circuit M2 is cut off, and the bypass B transmits current to the load terminal O.
  • the bypass B, the first main circuit M1 and the second main circuit M2 simultaneously transmit current to the load terminal O, there is a voltage difference between the currents transmitted on the bypass B, the first main circuit M1 and the second main circuit M2. , So that the transmission line with low voltage is automatically back-pressure cut off, without the bypass B, the first main circuit M1 and the second main circuit M2 forming a common circulation, so as to avoid the circulation caused by the two common circuits. Risks affecting the reliability of the UPS10 system.
  • the voltage value of the current illustrated in the embodiment of this application is only an indication.
  • the voltage value of the current provided by the power grid of different countries, regions and industries is different, and the current output by each component in the embodiment of this application The voltage value can be adjusted accordingly.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a power management chip, including the above-mentioned driving method of the uninterruptible power supply system.
  • the above embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • a software program it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer execution instructions When the computer execution instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • Computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center through a cable (such as Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or may include one or more data storage devices such as a server or a data center that can be integrated with the medium.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, an SSD).

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Abstract

一种不间断电源系统（10）及其驱动方法，涉及电力转换技术领域，用于解决不间断电源系统（10）输出间断的问题。不间断电源系统（10）包括：第一电力输入端（IN1），第二电力输入端（IN2），负载端（O），旁路（B），以及至少一条主路（M）。旁路（B）包括第一双向开关（11）；第一双向开关（11）连接第一电力输入端（IN1）和负载端（O），用于控制第一电力输入端（IN1）与负载端（O）的连通或中断。每条主路（M）均包括母线（15）和逆变输出单元（14）；母线（15）的输入端连接第二电力输入端（IN2），母线（15）的输出端连接逆变输出单元（14）；逆变输出单元（14）还连接负载端（O），逆变输出单元（14）用于控制是否将从母线（15）的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换并传输至负载端（O）；其中，逆变输出单元（14）输出的电流的电压值，与第一电力输入端（IN1）输出的电流的理论电压值不同。

Description

不间断电源系统及其驱动方法 技术领域
本申请涉及电力转换技术领域，尤其涉及一种不间断电源系统及其驱动方法。
背景技术
一般而言，不间断电源系统(uninterruptible power system，UPS)指的是用于在电能中断或故障的情况下，没有间断地供应电能的自动系统。UPS是用于向诸如计算机之类的电子设备进行供电的组件，这一类电子设备要求电力连续、不中断的供应，即使当电力的电压或频率变化，或者电力瞬间切断时，UPS也能稳定的供应电力，从而降低了电子设备数据被破坏或发生丢失的可能性，并且避免了电子设备的停工或故障。
通常情况下，UPS包括旁路和主路。理想的UPS，是通过旁路和主路协作来保证电能的不间断输出的。主路的供电特点是信号稳定，但效率较低，损耗高。旁路的供电特点是效率高，但信号稳定性相对主路较差。根据需求不同，UPS通常包括两种供电模式。在一种供电模式下，主路优先供电，旁路作为备份供电电路。在另一种模式下，旁路优先供电，主路作为备份供电电路。
在旁路优先供电，主路作为备份供电电路的供电模式下，是在旁路供电异常时，主路开始工作。现有技术中常用的一种旁路主路切换供电的方案是：间断切换；即，旁路供电异常后，在旁路和主路切换过程中，旁路和主路均不供电，出现短时间的输出中断。这样一来，由于UPS输出过程中有短时间的输出中断，导致与UPS连接的负载有断电的风险，不能满足用户需求。
发明内容
本申请提供一种不间断电源系统及其驱动方法，用于解决不间断电源系统输出间断的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
本申请的第一方面，提供一种不间断电源系统，包括：第一电力输入端，第二电力输入端，负载端，以及，旁路，旁路包括第一双向开关；第一双向开关连接第一电力输入端和负载端，用于控制第一电力输入端与负载端的连通或中断；至少一条主路，每条主路均包括母线和逆变输出单元；母线的输入端连接第二电力输入端，母线的输出端连接逆变输出单元；逆变输出单元还连接负载负载端，逆变输出单元用于控制是否将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换并传输至负载端；其中，逆变输出单元输出的电流的电压值，与第一电力输入端输出的电流的理论电压值不同。
本申请实施例提供的不间断电源系统，通过逆变输出单元对主路上的电流进行控制，使旁路上的电流的电压正常的情况下，控制主路上电流中断。在旁路上的电流的电压异常的情况下，控制主路连通，向负载端输出电流，以完成旁路和主路供电的切换。而且，以第一电力输入端传输到负载端的电流的电压值骤降，超出下限阈值时， 由旁路供电切换为主路供电为例。由于逆变输出单元输出的电流的第一设定电压值(例如210Vac)小于第一电力输入端输出的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)，因此，当第一电力输入端的电流的电压值骤降，骤降到负载端接收到的电流的实际电压值小于逆变输出单元输出的电流的第一设定电压值时，连续性的瞬间切换为由主路向负载端供电。也就是说，旁路向负载端提供的电流的电压值小于主路M向负载端提供的电流的电压值时，自动切换为由主路向负载端提供电流。从而可实现旁路供电到主路供电的无缝切换，保证不间断电源系统输出不间断。另外，本示例提供的UPS是在旁路供电异常时，瞬间切换为由主路供电，在旁路供电时，主路上没有信号流动至负载端。因此不存在主路和旁路共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS系统可靠性风险。
可选的，逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第一控制器；逆变器连接母线的输出端、负载端以及第一控制器，逆变器在第一控制器的控制下开启，用于将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换后，传输至负载端。
通过将逆变输出单元设置为包括逆变器和第一控制器的结构，可以减少逆变输出单元包含的物理部件，提高逆变输出单元的集成度，减小UPS的体积。
可选的，主路为两条或两条以上；两条或两条以上主路中的多个第一控制器集成在同一控制单元中。可简化多个第一控制器的分布，以简化UPS的布局。
可选的，逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第二双向开关；逆变器连接母线的输出端和第二双向开关，用于将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换后，传输至第二双向开关；第二双向开关还连接负载端，用于控制是否将逆变器输出的电流传输至负载端。
通过将逆变输出单元设置为包括逆变器和第二双向开关的结构，在第一电力输入端输入的信号正常的情况下，第二双向开关反压截止。在第一电力输入端输入的信号异常的情况下，第二双向开关直接自然导通，自动切换为主路供电，无需判断过程，也无需单独的控制部件，提高UPS的智能性。
可选的，主路为两条或两条以上；两条或两条以上主路中，至少一条主路中的逆变输出单元输出的电流的电压值，大于第一电力输入端输出的电流的理论电压值；至少一条主路中逆变输出单元输出的电流的电压值，小于第一电力输入端输出的电流的理论电压值。
这样一来，旁路供电电压骤降，超出下限阈值时，可切换为一条主路供电。旁路供电电压骤增，超出上限阈值时，可切换为另一条主路供电。因此，既能进行超低压保护，又能进行超高压保护，可以同时避免UPS输出的电流的电压值过低或过高，导致与UPS连接的负载损坏。
可选的，第一双向开关包括第一可控硅整流器和第二可控硅整流器；第一可控硅整流器的阳极连接第一电力输入端，第一可控硅整流器的阴极连接负载端；第二可控硅整流器的阳极连接负载端，第二可控硅整流器的阴极连接第一电力输入端。结构简单，技术成熟，成本低。
可选的，第二双向开关包括第三可控硅整流器和第四可控硅整流器；第三可控硅整流器的阳极连接逆变器，第三可控硅整流器的阴极连接负载端；第四可控硅整流器 的阳极连接负载端，第四可控硅整流器的阴极连接逆变器。结构简单，技术成熟，成本低。
可选的，主路还包括整流器和电池单元；整流器，连接第二电力输入端以及母线的输入端，用于将从第二电力输入端输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至母线的输入端；电池单元连接母线的输入端，用于接收并存储母线的输入端的电流，还用于将存储在其内的电流输出至母线的输入端。
可在第一电力输入端和第二电力输入端输入的电流均异常的情况下，仍能通过电池单元放电，来确保UPS的稳定输出。
第二方面，提供一种不间断电源系统的驱动方法，不间断电源系统包括：第一电力输入端，第二电力输入端，负载端，以及，旁路，旁路包括第一双向开关，第一双向开关连接第一电力输入端和负载端；第一主路，第一主路包括母线和逆变输出单元，母线的输入端连接第二电力输入端，母线的输出端连接逆变输出单元；逆变输出单元还连接负载端；不间断电源系统的驱动方法，包括：第一状态下：旁路中第一双向开关导通，第一电力输入端的电流经第一双向开关传输至负载端；第二状态下：第一双向开关控制第一电力输入端与负载端中断；同时，第一主路中逆变输出单元将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端；其中，第一主路中逆变输出单元输出的电流的第一电压值与第一电力输入端输出的电流的理论电压值不同。
本申请实施例提供的UPS的驱动方法，通过逆变输出单元对主路上的电流进行控制，使旁路上的电流的电压正常的情况下，控制主路上电流中断。在旁路上的电流的电压异常的情况下，控制主路连通，向负载端输出电流，以完成旁路和主路供电的切换。而且，以第一电力输入端传输到负载端的电流的电压值骤降，超出下限阈值时，由旁路供电切换为主路供电为例。由于逆变输出单元输出的电流的第一设定电压值(例如210Vac)小于第一电力输入端输出的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)，因此，当第一电力输入端的电流的电压值骤降，骤降到负载端接收到的电流的实际电压值小于逆变输出单元输出的电流的第一设定电压值时，连续性的瞬间切换为由主路向负载端供电。也就是说，旁路向负载端提供的电流的电压值小于主路向负载端提供的电流的电压值时，自动切换为由主路向负载端提供电流。从而可实现旁路供电到主路供电的无缝切换，保证UPS输出不间断。
可选的，第一主路中逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第一控制器，逆变器连接母线的输出端、负载端以及第一控制器；不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：第一主路中逆变器输出的电流的第一电压值小于第一电力输入端向负载端输出的电流的理论电压值；第一主路中第一控制器实时检测负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断实际电压值是否大于第一电压值；在实际电压值大于第一电压值的情况下，进入第一状态，第一主路中第一控制器控制逆变器截止；在实际电压值小于第一电压值的情况下，进入第二状态；第一主路中逆变输出单元将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端，包括：第一主路中第一控制器控制逆变器开启，逆变器将从第一主路中母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端。
本示例中通过采集负载端输出的电流的实际电压值这一瞬时值，来判断旁路供电是否正常。相比于相关技术中通过采集交流信号至少半个周期中负载端输出的电流的实际电压值这一区间值，来判断旁路供电是否正常的方式，本示例提供的方法判断旁路供电是否正常的速度更快，几乎可以瞬间完成，而无需侦测时间，从旁路供电切换到第一主路供电也不间断切换。
再者，第一电力输入端传输到负载端的电流的电压值骤降时，旁路仍持续向负载端供电，直至第一电力输入端传输到负载端的电流的电压值降到低于逆变器输出的电流的第一电压值时，由于判断旁路异常是瞬时完成，同时第一控制器控制逆变器输出电压值为第一电压值的电流也是瞬时完成。因此，可以连续性的瞬间切换为由第一主路向负载端供电。因此，在旁路供电电压过低时，从旁路供电切换到第一主路供电不会出现供电间断的情况，从而可保证UPS的无间断输出。
可选的，第一主路中逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第一控制器，逆变器连接母线的输出端、负载端以及第一控制器；不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：第一主路中逆变器输出的电流的第一电压值大于第一电力输入端向负载端输出的电流的理论电压值；第一主路中第一控制器实时检测负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断实际电压值是否小于第一电压值；在实际电压值小于第一电压值的情况下，进入第一状态，第一主路中第一控制器控制逆变器截止；在实际电压值大于第一电压值的情况下，进入第二状态；第一主路中逆变输出单元将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端，包括：第一主路中第一控制器控制逆变器开启，逆变器将从第一主路中母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端。
本示例中通过采集负载端输出的电流的实际电压值这一瞬时值，来判断旁路供电是否正常。相比于相关技术中通过采集交流电流至少半个周期中负载端输出的电流的实际电压值这一区间值，来判断旁路供电是否正常的方式，本示例提供的方法判断旁路供电是否正常的速度更快，几乎可以瞬间完成，而无需侦测时间。因此，本示例中在旁路供电超出上限阈值时，可以瞬间从旁路供电切换到第一主路供电，而无需持续输出一段时间的高电压信号后再切换为第一主路供电，可减少UPS持续输出异常电流的时间，提高UPS输出电流的稳定性。
再者，第一电力输入端传输到负载端的电流的电压值骤增，超出上限阈值时，旁路仍持续向负载端供电，直至第一电力输入端传输到负载端的电流的电压值增到高于逆变器输出的电流的第一电压值时，由于判断旁路异常是瞬时完成，同时第一控制器控制逆变器输出电压值为第一电压值的电流也是瞬时完成，因此，可以连续性的瞬间切换为由第一主路向负载端供电。
可选的，不间断电源系统还包括第二主路，第二主路包括逆变输出单元和母线，逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第一控制器，逆变器连接母线的输出端、负载端以及第一控制器；不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：第二主路中逆变器输出的电流的第二电压值大于第一电力输入端向负载端输出的电流的理论电压值；第二主路中第一控制器实时检测负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断实际电压值是否小于第二电压值；在实际电压值小于第二电压值的情况下，进入第一状态，第二主路中第一控制器控制 逆变器截止；在实际电压值大于第二电压值的情况下，进入第三状态；第三状态下：第一双向开关控制第一电力输入端与负载端中断；同时，第一主路中第一控制器控制逆变器截止，以控制母线的输出端与负载端中断；第二主路中第一控制器控制逆变器开启，逆变器将从第二主路中母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至负载端。
本示例提供的UPS，同时可实现对输出电流的超低压保护和超高压保护，以降低与UPS连接的负载受低压或高压损坏的可能性。而且，本示例中通过采集负载端输出的电流的实际电压值这一瞬时值，来判断旁路供电是否正常，可以瞬时得出结论，并连续性的切换为由第一主路或第二主路向负载端供电。因此，在旁路供电电压过低时瞬时从旁路供电切换到第一主路供电，或者，在旁路供电电压过高时瞬时从旁路供电切换到第二主路供电供电，可保证UPS的无间断输出，同时缩短UPS输出异常电流的时间。
可选的，第一主路中逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第二双向开关；逆变器连接母线的输出端和第二双向开关；第二双向开关还连接负载端；不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：第一主路中第二双向开关根据第一主路中逆变器输出的电流的第一电压值是否小于负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入第一状态或第二状态；旁路中第一双向开关导通，第一电力输入端的电流经第一双向开关传输至负载端，包括：第一双向开关沿第一方向导通，第一电力输入端的电流经第一双向开关传输至负载端；第一主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关，第一主路中第二双向开关沿第一方向反压截止；第一双向开关沿第二方向导通，第一电力输入端的电流经第一双向开关传输至负载端；第一主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关，第一主路中第二双向开关沿第二方向反压截止；第一主路中逆变输出单元将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端，包括：第一主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关；第二双向开关导通，将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端；其中，第一电压值小于理论电压值；第一方向和第二方向互为流向负载端的方向和背离负载端的方向。
本示例提供的UPS，通过使旁路和第一主路同时向负载端传输电流，在旁路向负载端传输的电流的电压值大于第一主路向负载端传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第一主路反压截止，旁路向负载端传输电流。而在旁路向负载端传输的电流的电压值小于第一主路向负载端传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第一主路自然导通，此时，旁路反压截止。从而实现旁路提供的电流的电压值过低时，完成从旁路向负载端传输电流到第一主路向负载端传输电流的无缝切换。因此，在旁路供电电压过低时，从旁路供电切换到第一主路供电不会出现供电间断的情况，从而可保证UPS的无间断输出。
此外，虽然旁路和第一主路同时向负载端传输电流，但是由于旁路和第一主路上传输的电流有电压差，使得传输的电压低的线路自动反压截止，而不会出现旁路和第一主路共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS系统可靠性风险。
可选的，第一主路中逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第二双向开关；逆变器连接母线的输出端和第二双向开关；第二双向开关还连接负载端；不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：第一主路中第二双向开关根据第一主路中逆变器输出的电流的第一电压值是否大于负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入第一状态或第二状态；旁路中第一双向开关导通，第一电力输入端的电流经第一双向开关传输至负载端，包括：第一双向开关沿第一方向导通，第一电力输入端的电流经第一双向开关传输至负载端；第一主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关，第一主路中第二双向开关沿第二方向反压截止；第一双向开关沿第二方向导通，第一电力输入端的电流经第一双向开关传输至负载端；第一主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关，第一主路中第二双向开关沿第一方向反压截止；第一主路中逆变输出单元将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端，包括：第一主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关；第二双向开关导通，将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端；其中，第一电压值大于理论电压值；第一方向和第二方向互为流向负载端的方向和背离负载端的方向。
本示例提供的UPS，通过使旁路和第一主路同时向负载端传输电流，在旁路向负载端传输的电流的电压值小于第一主路向负载端传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第一主路反压截止，旁路向负载端传输电流。而在旁路向负载端传输的电流的电压值大于第一主路向负载端传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第一主路自然导通，此时，旁路反压截止。从而实现旁路提供的电流的电压值过高时，完成从旁路向负载端传输电流到第一主路向负载端传输电流的无缝切换。因此，本示例中在旁路供电超出上限阈值时，可以瞬间从旁路供电切换到第一主路供电，无需持续输出一段时间的高电压信号后再切换为第一主路供电，可缩短UPS持续输出异常电流的时间，提高UPS输出电流的稳定性。
此外，虽然旁路和第一主路同时向负载端传输电流，但是由于旁路和第一主路上传输的电流有电压差，使得传输的电压低的线路自动反压截止，而不会出现旁路和第一主路共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS系统可靠性风险。
可选的，不间断电源系统还包括第二主路，第二主路包括逆变输出单元和母线；逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第二双向开关；逆变器连接母线的输出端和第二双向开关；第二双向开关还连接负载端；不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：第二主路中第二双向开关根据第二主路中逆变器输出的电流的第二电压值是否大于负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入第一状态或第三状态；第三状态下：第一双向开关控制第一电力输入端与负载端中断；同时，第一主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关；第一主路中第二双向开关反压截止；第二主路中第二双向开关导通，第二主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第二电压值的电流经第二双向开关传输至负载端；不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：第一状态下，第一双向开 关沿第一方向导通的同时第二主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关；第二主路中第二双向开关沿第二方向反压截止；第一双向开关沿第二方向驱动的同时，第二主路中逆变器将从母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关；第二主路中第二双向开关沿第一方向反压截止；其中，第二电压值大于理论电压值。
本示例提供的UPS，通过使旁路、第一主路以及第二主路同时向负载端传输电压值不同的电流，可而实现在旁路提供的电流的电压值过低时，完成从旁路向负载端传输电流到第一主路向负载端传输电流的无缝切换。在旁路提供的电流的电压值过高时，完成从旁路向负载端传输电流到第二主路向负载端传输电流的无缝切换。因此，在旁路供电电压过低时，瞬时从旁路供电切换到第一主路供电。在旁路供电电压过高时，瞬时从旁路供电切换到第二主路供电。可保证UPS的无间断输出，同时缩短UPS输出异常电流的时间。
此外，虽然旁路、第一主路和第二主路同时向负载端传输电流，但是由于旁路、第一主路和第二主路上传输的电流有电压差，使得传输的电压低的线路自动反压截止，而不会出现旁路、第一主路和第二主路共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS系统可靠性风险。
第三方面，提供一种电源管理芯片，用于执行第二方面任一项的不间断电源系统的驱动方法。
本申请第三方面提供的电源管理芯片的有益效果与上述不间断电源系统的驱动方法的有益效果相同，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种不间断电源系统的应用场景示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种不间断电源系统的结构示意图；
图3a为本申请实施例提供的一种不间断电源系统输出信号示意图；
图3b为本申请实施例提供的另一种不间断电源系统输出信号示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种不间断电源系统的结构示意图；
图5a为本申请实施例提供的一种图4所示的不间断电源系统的驱动方法示意图；
图5b、5c为图4所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图5d为本申请实施例提供的一种第一双向开关的驱动过程示意图；
图5e为图4所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图6a为本申请实施例提供的另一种图4所示的不间断电源系统的驱动方法示意图；
图6b为图4所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图7a、7b为本申请实施例提供的又一种不间断电源系统的结构图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种图7a所示的不间断电源系统的驱动方法示意图；
图9a、9b为图7a所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图9c为本申请实施例提供的一种图7a所示的不间断电源系统的输出信号示意图；
图9d、9e为图7a所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种不间断电源系统的结构图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种图10所示的不间断电源系统的驱动方法示意图；
图12a、12b为图10所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图12c为本申请实施例提供的一种图10所示的不间断电源系统的输出信号示意图；
图12d、12e为图10所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的另一种图10所示的不间断电源系统的驱动方法示意图；
图14a、14b为图10所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图14c为本申请实施例提供的另一种图10所示的不间断电源系统的输出信号示意图；
图14d、14e为图10所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的又一种不间断电源系统的结构图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种图15所示的不间断电源系统的驱动方法示意图；
图17a、17b为图15所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图；
图17c为本申请实施例提供的一种图15所示的不间断电源系统的输出信号示意图；
图17d-17g为图15所示的不间断电源系统的驱动过程示意图。附图标记：
10-不间断电源系统；11-第一双向开关；12-整流器；13-电池单元；14-逆变输出单元；141-逆变器；142-第一控制器；143-第二双向开关；15-母线；20-电力系统；30-负载。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
此外，本申请中，“上”、“下”、“左”以及“右”等方位术语是相对于附图中的部件示意置放的方位来定义的，应当理解到，这些方向性术语是相对的概念，它们用于相对于的描述和澄清，其可以根据附图中部件所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，“连接”应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是直接连接，也可以通过中间媒介间接连接。
不间断电源系统(uninterruptible power system，UPS)是用于向诸如计算机之类的要求电能的连续供应的负载供电的组件，如图1所示，示意出一种UPS及其外围结构的示意图。
UPS10包括输入端和输出端，UPS10的输入端连接电力系统20，UPS10的输出端连接负载30，以实现向负载30不间断的供电。
电力系统20例如可以是发电厂、变电站、市电传输线等。在电力系统20处于正常状态下，电力系统20供应的电力一部分经UPS10传输至负载30，电力系统20供应的电力的一部分存储在UPS10中。在电力系统20处于异常状态下，电力系统20无法向负载30传输电力，此时，存储在UPS10中的电力传输至负载30。
负载30消耗从电力系统20供应的电力，负载30例如可以是工厂中的电气设备；负载30也可以是数据中心的服务器、处理器、存储器等通讯设备。
UPS10是被配置为在电力系统20供应的电能中断或故障的情况下，没有间断地立即供应电力的自动系统。如果从电力系统20供应的电力的电压或频率变化，或者来自电力系统20的电力的供应被瞬间中断或改变，则UPS10稳定地供应电力，从而降低了负载30数据的破坏、丢失或删除的可能性，并且降低了控制设备停工或故障的可能性。
如图2所示，本申请实施例提供一种UPS10，包括：第一电力输入端IN1，第二电力输入端IN2，负载端O，旁路(bypass)B以及至少一条主路M。
旁路B包括第一双向开关11。
第一双向开关11连接第一电力输入端IN1和负载端O，用于控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O的连通或中断。
其中，第一电力输入端IN1输入的交流电中，正半周电流可以通过第一双向开关11，负半周电流也可以通过第一双向开关11。第一双向开关11例如可以是静态转换开关(static transfer switch，STS)。
此外，UPS10例如还可以包括控制单元，控制单元与第一双向开关11连接，第一双向开关11沿正半周导通、或者沿负半周导通、或者截止可以通过控制单元来控制。
每条主路M均包括整流器12、电池单元13、逆变输出单元14和母线15。
整流器12又称为交流(alternating current，AC)/直流(direct current，DC)转换器，整流器12连接第二电力输入端IN2以及母线15的输入端I1，用于将从第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流(AC)-直流(DC)转换后，传输至母线15的输入端I1。
其中，第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2可以连接同一电力系统20。例如，第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2均连接市电。第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2也可以连接不同的电力系统20。
电池单元13连接母线15的输入端I1，用于接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流，还用于将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1。
电池单元13例如可以包括磷酸铁锂电池(LiFePO4，LPF)、阀控铅酸电池(valve regulated lead acid，VRLA)等储能电池。
在旁路B向负载端O供电时，电池单元13用于接收并存储由母线15的输入端I1输入的电流。
旁路B异常，主路M向负载端O供电时，在第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2连接同一电力系统20的情况下，第一电力输入端IN1供电异常，即与第一电力输入端IN1连接的电力系统20供电异常，那么第二电力输入端IN2供电也异常。此时，电池单元13将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1，以向负载端O供电。
旁路B异常，主路M向负载端O供电时，在第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2连接不同电力系统20的情况下，第二电力输入端IN2输出电流至母线15的输入端I1，以向负载端O供电。在第二电力输入端IN2的电流异常后，电池单元13将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1，以向负载端O供电。
母线15的输入端I1通过整流器12连接至第二电力输入端IN2，母线15的输出端O1连接逆变输出单元14，用于将整流器12和电池单元14传输的电流传输至逆变输出单元14。
逆变输出单元14还连接负载端O，用于控制是否将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流(DC)-交流(AC)转换并传输至负载端O。
此处，逆变输出单元14不仅具有逆变器(或者称为DC/AC转换器)的功能，即将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流(DC)-交流(AC)转换，逆变输出单元14还具有控制母线15的输出端O1与负载端O连通或截止的功能。
在第一状态下，市电正常，第一电力输入端IN1接收市电的电力，第一双向开关11打开，第一电力输入端IN1接收到的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
其中，市电传输的是交流电，因此，在第一电力输入端IN1传输正半周电流时，第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，第一电力输入端IN1接收到的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。在第一电力输入端IN1传输负半周电流时，第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，第一电力输入端IN1接收到的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。此处，第一方向X和第二方向Y互为流向负载端O的方向和背离负载端O的方向。本申请实施例中，以第一方向X为流向负载端O的方向，第二方向Y为背离负载端O的方向为例进行示意。
与此同时，第二电力输入端IN2接收市电的电力，第二电力输入端IN2接收到的电流经整流器12进行交流(AC)-直流(DC)转换后，传输至母线15的输入端I1，电池单元13接收母线15的输入端I1的电流，并进行存储。逆变输出单元14接收母线15的输入端I1的电流，但未将接收到的电流传输至负载端O。
因此，在第一状态下，与负载端O连接的负载30接收到的电流为旁路B传输的电流。
在第二状态下，当市电出现故障时，即，第一电力输入端IN1接收到的电流的电压值骤降或骤增，超出下限阈值或上限阈值(下限阈值和上限阈值可根据需要设置)。在市电出现故障的瞬间，第一双向开关11截止，第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
与此同时，逆变输出单元14将接收到的母线15的输入端I1的电流进行直流-交流转换，然后传输至负载端O。
因此，在第二状态下，与负载端O连接的负载30接收到的电流为主路M传输的电流。
需要说明的是，为了保证UPS10供电过程中，第一状态和第二状态之间瞬时切换，主路M中逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值与第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值不同。
其中，逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值可以大于第一电力输入端IN1输出的 电流的理论电压值，逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值也可以小于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值。
在UPS10具有超低压保护功能的情况下，即，在旁路B提供的电流的电压值过低，判定为旁路B供电异常，切换为由主路M供电的情况下：逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值小于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值。主路M中逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值为UPS10输出的电流的下限阈值，第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的电压值变化骤降至逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值时，瞬间切换为由主路M供电，UPS10输出的电流的电压值的范围在逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值与第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值之间。
在UPS10具有超高压保护功能情况下，即，在旁路B提供的电流的电压值过高，判定为旁路B供电异常，切换为由主路M供电的情况下：逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值大于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值。主路M中逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值为UPS10输出的电流的上限阈值，第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的电压值变化骤增至逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值时，瞬间切换为由主路M供电，UPS10输出的电流的电压值的范围在第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值与逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值之间。
基于此，可以明白的是，在UPS10包括一条主路M的情况下，UPS10可具有超低压保护功能，或者UPS10可具有超高压保护功能。在UPS10包括多条主路M的情况下，UPS10可同时具备超低压保护功能和超高压保护功能。
基于上述，在一种可能的实施例中，在第一电力输入端IN1传输到负载端O的电流的电压值骤降，超出下限阈值(也就是逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值)时，由旁路B供电切换为主路M供电。此时，逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值，小于，第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值。
如图3a所示，例如，逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值为210Vac(细线)，第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值为220Vac(粗线)。当第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的电压值正常时，旁路B供电。此时，主路M上无电流向负载端O输出(如图3a中的左图所示)。当第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的电压值骤降至低于下限阈值，即传输到负载端O的电流的电压值低于下限阈值，持续下降到210Vac时，此时UPS直接切换到第二状态，由主路M接替旁路B向负载端O传输电流(如图3a中的右图所示)。其中，图3a中的实线曲线表示负载端O接收到的电流，虚线表示未被负载端O接收到的电流。
在另一种可能的实施例中，在第一电力输入端IN1传输到负载端O的电流的电压值骤增，超出上限阈值(也就是逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值)时，由旁路B供电切换为主路M供电。此时，逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值，大于，第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值。
如图3b所示，例如，逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值为230Vac(细线)，第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值为220Vac(粗线)。当第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的电压值正常时，旁路B供电。此时，主路M上无电流向负载端O输出(如图3b中的左图所示)。当第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的电压值骤增至超出 上限阈值时，即传输到负载端O的电流的电压值骤增，持续增长到230Vac时，直接切换到第二状态，由主路M接替旁路B向负载端O传输电流(如图3b中的右图所示)。其中，图3b中的实线曲线表示负载端O接收到的电流，虚线表示未被负载端O接收到的电流。
基于上述可知，主路M向负载端O输出的电流的电压值与旁路B向负载端O输出的电流的电压值不同。其中，本申请实施例中对主路M向负载端O输出的电流的电压值与旁路B向负载端O输出的电流的电压值的差值的大小不做限定，上述仅为一种示例说明。
本申请实施例提供的UPS10，通过逆变输出单元14对主路M上的电流进行控制，使旁路B上的电流的电压正常的情况下，控制主路M上电流中断。在旁路B上的电流的电压异常的情况下，控制主路M连通，主路M向负载端O输出电流，以完成旁路B和主路M供电的切换。
而且，以第一电力输入端IN1传输到负载端O的电流的电压值骤降，超出下限阈值时，由旁路B供电切换为主路M供电为例。如图3a所示，由于逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值(例如210Vac)小于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)，因此，当第一电力输入端IN1的电流的电压值骤降，骤降到负载端O接收到的电流的实际电压值小于逆变输出单元14输出的电流的电压值时，连续性的瞬间切换为由主路M向负载端O供电(如图3a中的右图所示)。也就是说，旁路B向负载端O提供的电流的电压值小于主路M向负载端O提供的电流的电压值时，自动切换为由主路M向负载端O提供电流。从而可实现旁路B供电到主路M供电的无缝切换，保证UPS10输出不间断。
以下，以几个示例对本申请实施例提供的UPS10进行举例说明。
示例一
示例一中，UPS10包括旁路B和第一主路M1，第一主路M1向负载端O提供的电流的电压值与旁路B向负载端O提供的电流的电压值不同。
如图4所示，UPS10包括：第一电力输入端IN1，第二电力输入端IN2以及负载端O。
UPS10还包括旁路B，旁路B包括第一双向开关11。
第一双向开关11连接第一电力输入端IN1和UPS10的负载端O，用于控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O连通或中断。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，第一双向开关11包括第一可控硅整流器(silicon controlled rectifier，SCR)S1和第二可控硅整流器S2。
第一可控硅整流器S1的阳极连接第一电力输入端IN1，第一可控硅整流器S1的阴极连接负载端O。当第一可控硅整流器S1的门极(gate)G1接收到导通信号时，第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，用于传输交流信号的正半周信号。
第二可控硅整流器S2的阳极连接负载端O，第二可控硅整流器S2的阴极连接第一电力输入端IN1。当第二可控硅整流器S2的门极G2接收到导通信号时，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动，第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，用于传输交流信号的负半周 信号。
其中，第一可控硅整流器S1的门极G1和第二可控硅整流器S2的门极G2例如可以连接UPS10的控制单元，由控制单元控制第一可控硅整流器S1和第二可控硅整流器S2的驱动与否。
第一可控硅整流器S1驱动时，第二可控硅整流器S2无驱动，第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，将第一电力输入端IN1的电流传输至负载端O。同理，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动时，第一可控硅整流器S1无驱动，第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，将第一电力输入端IN1的电流传输至负载端O。在旁路B供电异常时，第一双向开关11反压截止，第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
UPS10还包括第一主路M1，第一主路M1包括整流器12、电池单元13、逆变输出单元14和母线15。
整流器12，连接第二电力输入端IN2以及母线15的输入端I1，用于将从第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至母线15的输入端I1。
其中，第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2可以连接同一电力系统20。例如，第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2均连接市电。第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2也可以连接不同的电力系统20。本示例以第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2连接同一电力系统20市电为例进行说明。
电池单元13连接母线15的输入端I1，用于接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流，还用于将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1。
电池单元13例如可以包括铁锂电池(LiFePO4，LPF)、阀控铅酸电池(valve regulated lead acid，VRLA)等储能电池。
旁路B异常，主路M向负载端O供电时，在第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2连接同一电力系统20的情况下，第一电力输入端IN1供电异常，即与第一电力输入端IN1连接的电力系统20供电异常，那么第二电力输入端IN2供电也异常。此时，电池单元13将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1，以向负载端O供电。
旁路B异常，主路M向负载端O供电时，在第一电力输入端IN1和第二电力输入端IN2连接不同电力系统20的情况下，先由第二电力输入端IN2输出电流至母线15的输入端I1，以向负载端O供电。在第二电力输入端IN2电流异常后，电池单元13将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1，以向负载端O供电。
逆变输出单元14包括逆变器141和第一控制器142。
逆变器(或者称为DC/AC转换器)141连接母线15的输出端O1、负载端O以及第一控制器142，逆变器141在第一控制器142的控制下开启，用于将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流(DC)-交流(AC)转换后，传输至负载端O。
也就是说，第一控制器142用于控制逆变器141是否开启(或者理解为逆变器141是否输出电流)，在逆变器141开启的情况下，第一主路M1导通，第二电力输入端IN2与负载端O连通。在逆变器141截止的情况下，第一主路M1中断，第二电力输入端IN2与负载端O截止。
其中，第一控制器142例如可以集成在UPS10的控制单元中，或者集成在逆变器 141中。
基于图4所示的UPS10，在一种可能的实施例中，旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值骤降，超出下限阈值(第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值)，旁路B断电，第一主路M1供电。
如图5a所示，UPS10的驱动方法包括：
S10、第一主路M1中的第一控制器142实时检测负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断实际电压值是否大于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值大于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的情况下，进入第一状态。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值小于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的情况下，进入第二状态。
S20、第一状态下：
如图5b所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流，经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
例如，第一双向开关11中的第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2未驱动，第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通。
与此同时，第一主路M1中整流器12将从第一主路M1中第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1，第一主路M1中电池单元13接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制第一主路M1中逆变器141截止，母线15的输入端I1的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图5b所示。
如图5c所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
例如，第一双向开关11中第二可控硅整流器S2驱动，第一可控硅整流器S1未驱动，第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通。
与此同时，第一主路M1中整流器12将从第一主路M1中第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1，第一主路M1中电池单元13接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制第一主路M1中逆变器141截止，母线15的输入端I1的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图5c所示。
因此，如图3a中左图所示，第一状态下，旁路B向负载端O传输电流，第一主路M1未向负载端O传输电流。
上述完成交流电一个周期的电流传输，如图5d所示，重复正半周和负半周的驱动，重复上述过程，使旁路B持续向负载端O供电。
基于图4所示的UPS10，旁路B中未包含用于对旁路B上电压值进行改变的部件，因此，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值，与旁路B供电时负载端O输出 的电流的实际电压值相等。例如，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值为220Vac，负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值也为220Vac。
S30、第二状态下：
如图5e所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
也就是说，旁路B中第一双向开关11截止，第一电力输入端IN1的电流无法传输至负载端O。
关于第一双向开关11截止的方式，以正半周驱动为例，如图5e所示，控制第一双向开关11中的第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2未驱动，但第一可控硅整流器S1阴极的电压(例如210Vac)高于第一可控硅整流器S1阳极的电压(例如0Vac)，第一可控硅整流器S1反压截止，第一双向开关11截止。
如图5e所示，第一主路M1中电池单元13或者第二电力输入端N2将电流输出至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制逆变器141开启，逆变器141接收第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1的电流，对母线15的输入端I1的电流进行直流-交流转换后，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周的等效逻辑图如图5e所示，负半周的等效逻辑图与正半周的等效逻辑图不同之处在于第一双向开关11中的第一可控硅整流器S1未驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动。
其中，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，且第一电压值小于第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值。因此，在旁路B供电正常的情况下，检测到负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值应大于第一电压值。而当检测到负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值小于第一电压值后，则判断旁路B供电异常，进入第二状态，由第一主路M1开始供电。
因此，如图3a中右图所示，第一状态结束进入第二状态后，由第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流，旁路B未向负载端O传输电流。例如，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为210Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值也为210Vac。
其中，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，具体的取值可以根据需要合理设置，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值小于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值即可。例如，可以通过UPS10中的控制单元控制逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的大小。
本示例提供的UPS10，通过使第一控制器142实时采集负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，并将采集到的负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值(一个瞬时值)与逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(一个固定值)进行对比。在实际电压值大于第一电压值的情况下，则判定旁路B输出正常，由旁路B向负载端O供电。此时，第一控制器142控制逆变器141不输出电流。在实际电压值小于第一电压值的情况下，则判定旁路B输出异常，由第一主路M1向负载端O供电。此时，第一控制器142控制逆变器141输出电压值为第一电压值的电流。从而实现旁路B提供的电流的电压值过低时，完成旁路B供电到第一主路M1供电的切换。
而且，本示例中通过采集负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值这一瞬时值，来判断 旁路B供电是否正常。相比于相关技术中通过采集交流信号至少半个周期中负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值这一区间值，来判断旁路B供电是否正常的方式，本示例提供的方法判断旁路B供电是否正常的速度更快，几乎可以瞬间完成，而无需侦测时间。
再者，相关技术中因判断旁路B供电是否异常所需时间较长，导致UPS10供电会出现间断，由第一主路MA供电后才会恢复供电。而本示例提供的UPS10，如图3a所示，第一电力输入端IN1传输到负载端O的电流的电压值骤降时，旁路B仍持续向负载端O供电，直至第一电力输入端IN1传输到负载端O的电流的电压值降到低于逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值时，由于判断旁路B异常是瞬时完成，同时第一控制器142控制逆变器141输出电压值为第一电压值的电流也是瞬时完成。因此，可以连续性的瞬间切换为由第一主路M1向负载端O供电。因此，在旁路B供电电压过低时，从旁路B供电切换到第一主路M1供电不会出现供电间断的情况，从而可保证UPS10的无间断输出。
另外，本示例提供的UPS10是在旁路B供电异常时，瞬间切换为由第一主路M1供电，在旁路B供电时，第一主路M1上没有信号流动。因此不存在第一主路M1和旁路B共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS10系统可靠性风险。
基于图4所示的UPS10，在另一种可能的实施例中，旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值骤增，超出上限阈值(第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值)时，旁路B断电，第一主路M1供电。
如图6a所示，UPS10的驱动方法包括：
S11、第一主路M1中的第一控制器142实时检测负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断实际电压值是否小于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值小于逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的情况下，进入第一状态。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值大于逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的情况下，进入第二状态。
S21、第一状态下：
如图5b所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流，经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中整流器12将从第一主路M1中第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1，第一主路M1中电池单元13接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制第一主路M1中逆变器141截止，母线15的输入端I1的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图5b所示。
如图5c所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中整流器12将从第一主路M1中第二电力输入端IN2输 入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1，第一主路M1中电池单元13接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制第一主路M1中逆变器141截止，母线15的输入端I1的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图5c所示。
因此，如图3b中左图所示，第一状态下，旁路B向负载端O传输电流，第一主路M1未向负载端O传输电流。
上述完成交流电一个周期的信号传输，如图5d所示，重复正半周和负半周的驱动，重复上述过程，使旁路B持续向负载端O供电。
需要说明的是，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值，与理论上旁路B正常供电时负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值可以相等，也可以不相等，与UPS10中旁路B的结构有关。
基于图4所示的UPS10，旁路B中未包含用于对旁路B上电压值进行改变的部件，因此，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值，与旁路B供电时负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值相等。例如，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值为220Vac，负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值也为220Vac。
S31、第二状态下：
如图6b所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
也就是说，旁路B中第一双向开关11截止，第一电力输入端IN1的电流无法传输至负载端O。
关于第一双向开关11截止的方式，以第一双向开关11正半周驱动为例，如图6b所示，第一双向开关11中第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2未驱动，第一可控硅整流器S1导通箝位(通过将逆变器141的功率设置为大于第一电力输入端IN1的功率即可实现)，第一双向开关11截止。
第一主路M1中电池单元13或者第二电力输入端N2将电流输出至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制逆变器141开启，逆变器141接收第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1的电流，对母线15的输入端I1的电流进行直流-交流转换后，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周的等效逻辑图如图6b所示，负半周的等效逻辑图与正半周的等效逻辑图不同之处在于第一双向开关11中的第一可控硅整流器S1未驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动。
其中，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，且第一电压值大于第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值。因此，在旁路B供电正常的情况下，检测到负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值应小于第一电压值。而当检测到负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值大于第一电压值后，则判断旁路B供电异常，进入第二状态，由第一主路M1开始供电。
因此，如图3b中右图所示，第一状态结束进入第二状态后，由第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流，旁路B未向负载端O传输电流。例如，逆变器141输出的电流的第 一电压值为230Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值也为230Vac。
其中，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，具体的取值可以根据需要合理设置，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值大于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值即可。
本示例提供的UPS10，通过使第一控制器142实时采集负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，并将采集到的负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值(一个瞬时值)与逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(一个固定值)进行对比。在实际电压值小于第一电压值的情况下，则判定旁路B输出正常，由旁路B向负载端O供电。此时，第一控制器142控制逆变器141不输出电流。在实际电压值大于第一电压值的情况下，则判定旁路B输出异常，由第一主路M1向负载端O供电。此时，第一控制器142控制逆变器141输出电压值为第一电压值的电流。从而实现旁路B提供的电流的电压值过高时，完成旁路B供电到第一主路M1供电的切换。
而且，本示例中通过采集负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值这一瞬时值，来判断旁路B供电是否正常。相比于相关技术中通过采集交流电流至少半个周期中负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值这一区间值，来判断旁路B供电是否正常的方式，本示例提供的方法判断旁路B供电是否正常的速度更快，几乎可以瞬间完成，而无需侦测时间。因此，本示例中在旁路B供电超出上限阈值时，可以瞬间从旁路B供电切换到第一主路M1供电，而无需持续输出一段时间的高电压信号后再切换为第一主路M1供电，可减少UPS10持续输出异常电流的时间，提高UPS10输出电流的稳定性。
再者，如图3b所示，第一电力输入端IN1传输到负载端O的电流的电压值骤增，超出上限阈值时，旁路B仍持续向负载端O供电，直至第一电力输入端IN1传输到负载端O的电流的电压值增到高于逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值时，由于判断旁路B异常是瞬时完成，同时第一控制器142控制逆变器141输出电压值为第一电压值的电流也是瞬时完成，因此，可以连续性的瞬间切换为由第一主路M1向负载端O供电。
另外，本示例提供的UPS10是在旁路B供电异常时，瞬间切换为由第一主路M1供电，在旁路B供电时，第一主路M1上没有信号流动。因此不存在第一主路M1和旁路B共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS10系统可靠性风险。
示例二
示例二与示例一的相同之处在于，UPS10包括旁路B和第一主路M1。
示例二与示例一的不同之处在于，UPS10还包括第二主路M2。旁路B向负载端O提供的电流的电压值与第二主路M2向负载端O提供的电流的电压值不同。
如图7a所示，UPS10包括：
旁路B，旁路B包括第一双向开关11。
第一双向开关11连接第一电力输入端IN1和UPS10的负载端O，用于控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O连通或中断。
在一些实施例中，如图7a所示，第一双向开关11包括第一可控硅整流器S1和第二可控硅整流器S2。
第一可控硅整流器S1的阳极连接第一电力输入端IN1，第一可控硅整流器S1的阴极连接负载端O。当第一可控硅整流器S1的门极G1接收到导通信号时，第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，用于传输交流信号的正半周信号。
第二可控硅整流器S2的阳极连接负载端O，第二可控硅整流器S2的阴极连接第一电力输入端IN1。当第二可控硅整流器S2的门极G2接收到导通信号时，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动，第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，用于传输交流信号的负半周信号。
第一主路M1，第一主路M1包括整流器12、电池单元13、逆变输出单元14和母线15。
第一主路M1中整流器12，连接第二电力输入端IN2以及母线15的输入端I1，用于将从第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至母线15的输入端I1。
第一主路M1中电池单元13连接母线15的输入端I1，用于接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流，还用于将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1。
第一主路M1中逆变输出单元14包括逆变器141和第一控制器142。
逆变器141连接母线15的输出端O1、负载端O以及第一控制器142，用于在第一控制器142的控制下开启，并将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流(DC)-交流(AC)转换后，传输至负载端O。
第二主路M2的结构与第一主路M1的结构相同，如图7a所示，第二主路M2包括整流器12′、电池单元13′、逆变输出单元14′和母线15′。
第二主路M2中整流器12′，连接第二电力输入端IN2′以及母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′，用于将从第二电力输入端IN2′输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′。
第二主路M2中电池单元13′连接母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′，用于接收并存储母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′的电流，还用于将存储在电池单元13′内的电流输出至母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′。
第二主路M2中逆变输出单元14′包括逆变器141′和第一控制器142′。
逆变器141′连接母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′、负载端O以及第一控制器142′，用于在第一控制器142′的控制下开启，并将从母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′输入的电流进行直流(DC)-交流(AC)转换后，传输至负载端O。
本示例中，第一电力输入端IN1、第一主路M1中的第二电力输入端IN2以及第二主路M2中的第二电力输入端IN2′，三者可以连接同一电力系统20。例如，第一电力输入端IN1、第一主路M1中的第二电力输入端IN2以及第二主路M2中的第二电力输入端IN2′，三者均连接市电。第一电力输入端IN1、第一主路M1中的第二电力输入端IN2以及第二主路M2中的第二电力输入端IN2′，三者也可以连接不同的电力系统20。
为了简化UPS10的结构，在一种可能的实施例中，第一主路M1中的第一控制器142和第二主路M2中的第一控制器142′集成在同一控制单元中。
例如，第一主路M1中的第一控制器142和第二主路M2中的第一控制器142′，集成在UPS10的控制单元中。
也就是说，在UPS10包括两条或两条以上主路时的情况下，两条或两条以上主路中的多个第一控制器可以集成在同一控制单元中。
为了简化UPS10的结构，在另一种可能的实施例中，如图7b所示，第一主路M1中的第一控制器142和第二主路M2中的第一控制器142′为同一结构。
其中，第一主路M1和第二主路M2的主要区别在于，第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值，与第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值的大小不同。
在一种可能的实施例中，第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(例如210Vac)，与第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值(例如200Vac)，二者不同且均小于第一电力输入端IN1传输的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)。
这样一来，在第一主路M1供电电压骤降，超出下限阈值时，可切换为由第二主路M2供电，以多一层稳压保障。
在另一种可能的实施例中，第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(例如230Vac)，与第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值(例如240Vac)，二者不同且均大于第一电力输入端IN1传输的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)。
这样一来，在第一主路M1供电电压骤增，超出上限阈值时，可切换为由第二主路M2供电，以多一层稳压保障。
在另一种可能的实施例中，第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(例如210Vac)，小于第一电力输入端IN1传输的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)。第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值(例如230Vac)，大于第一电力输入端IN1传输的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)。
这样一来，旁路B供电电压骤降，超出下限阈值(第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值)时，可切换为第一主路M1供电。旁路B供电电压骤增，超出上限阈值(第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值)时，可切换为第二主路M2供电。因此，既能进行超低压保护，又能进行超高压保护，可以同时避免UPS10输出的电流的电压值过低或过高，导致与UPS10连接的负载30损坏。
基于图7a所示的UPS10，要使UPS10既能进行超低压保护，又能进行超高压保护，如图8所示，UPS10的驱动方法包括：
S100、第一主路M1中的第一控制器142实时检测负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断实际电压值是否大于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值大于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的情况下，进入第一状态。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值小于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的情况下，进入第二状态。
S200、第二主路M2中第一控制器142′实时检测负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断实际电压值是否小于第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值小于第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值的情况下，进入第一状态。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值大于第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值的情况下，进入第三状态。
需要说明的是，步骤S100和步骤S200可以同时执行，也可以是先执行步骤S100再执行步骤S200。或者，也可以先执行步骤S200再执行步骤S100。
S300、第一状态下：
如图9a所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流，经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中整流器12将从第一主路M1中第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1，第一主路M1中电池单元13接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制第一主路M1中逆变器141截止，母线15的输入端I1的电流未传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第二主路M2中整流器12′将从第二主路M2中第二电力输入端IN2′输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至第二主路M2中母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′，第二主路M2中电池单元13′接收并存储母线15的输入端I1′的电流。第二主路M2中第一控制器142′控制第二主路M2中逆变器141′截止，母线15的输入端I1′的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图9a所示。
如图9b所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中整流器12将从第一主路M1中第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1，第一主路M1中电池单元13接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制第一主路M1中逆变器141截止，母线15的输入端I1的电流未传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第二主路M2中整流器12′将从第二主路M2中第二电力输入端IN2′输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至第二主路M2中母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′，第二主路M2中电池单元13′接收并存储母线15的输入端I1′的电流。第二主路M2中第一控制器142′控制第二主路M2中逆变器141′截止，母线15的输入端I1′的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图9b所示。
因此，如图9c中位于中间的图所示，第一状态下，旁路B向负载端O传输电流，第一主路M1未向负载端O传输电流，第二主路M2也未向负载端O传输电流。
其中，图9c中的实线表示负载端O接收到的电流，虚线表示未被负载端O接收到的电流。
S400、第二状态下：
如图9d所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
也就是说，旁路B中第一双向开关11反压截止，第一电力输入端IN1的电流无法传输至负载端O。
如图9d所示，第一主路M1中电池单元13或者第二电力输入端N2将电流输出至第一主路M1中母线15的输入端I1。第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制逆变器141开启，逆变器141接收母线15的输入端I1的电流，对母线15的输入端I1的电流进行直流-交流转换后，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第二主路M2中第一控制器142′控制第二主路M2中逆变器141′截止，第二主路M2中母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图9d所示，负半周等效逻辑图与正半周的等效逻辑图不同之处在于第一双向开关11中的第一可控硅整流器S1未驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动。
其中，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，且第一电压值小于第一主路M1中第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值。因此，在旁路B供电正常的情况下，检测到负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值应大于第一电压值。而当检测到负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值小于第一电压值后，则判断旁路B供电异常，进入第二状态，由第一主路M1开始供电。
因此，如图9c中位于最下方的图所示，第一状态结束进入第二状态后，由第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流，旁路B未向负载端O传输电流，第二主路M2也未向负载端O传输电流。例如，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为210Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值也为210Vac。
需要说明的是，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，具体的取值可以根据需要合理设置，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值小于第一主路M1中第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值即可。
S500、第三状态下：
如图9e所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
也就是说，旁路B中第一双向开关11导通箝位截止，第一电力输入端IN1的电流无法传输至负载端O。
如图9e所示，第二主路M2中电池单元13′或者或者第二电力输入端N2′将电流输出至第二主路M2中母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′。第二主路M2中第一控制器142′控制逆变器141′开启，逆变器141′接收第二主路M2中母线15的输入端I1′的电流，对母线15的输入端I1′的电流进行直流-交流转换后，并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制第一主路M1中逆变器141截止，母线15的输入端I1的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图9e所示，负半周等效逻辑图与正半周的等 效逻辑图不同之处在于第一双向开关11中的第一可控硅整流器S1未驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动。
其中，第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值为固定值，且第二电压值大于第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值。因此，在旁路B供电正常的情况下，检测到负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值应小于第二电压值。而当检测到负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值大于第二电压值后，则判断旁路B供电异常，进入第三状态，由第二主路M2开始供电。
因此，如图9c中位于最上方的图所示，第一状态结束进入第三状态后，由第二主路M2向负载端O传输电流，旁路B未向负载端O传输电流，第一主路M1也未向负载端O传输电流。例如，第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值为230Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值也为230Vac。
其中，第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值为固定值，具体的取值可以根据需要合理设置，第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值大于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值即可。
本示例提供的UPS10，通过使第一主路M1中第一控制器142和第二主路M2中第一控制器142′分别实时采集负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，并将采集到的负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值(一个瞬时值)与第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(一个固定值)和第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值(一个固定值)进行对比。在实际电压值大于第一电压值且小于第二电压值的情况下，则判定旁路B输出正常，由旁路B向负载端O供电。此时，第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制逆变器141不输出电流，第二主路M2中第一控制器142′也控制逆变器141′不输出电流。在实际电压值小于第一电压值的情况下，则判定旁路B输出异常，由第一主路M1向负载端O供电。此时，第一主路M1中第一控制器142控制逆变器141输出电压值为第一电压值的电流。从而实现旁路B提供的电流的电压值过低时，完成旁路B供电到第一主路M1供电的切换。在实际电压值大于第二电压值的情况下，则判定旁路B输出异常，由第二主路M2向负载端O供电。此时，第二主路M2中第一控制器142′控制逆变器141′输出电压值为第二电压值的电流。从而实现旁路B提供的电流的电压值过高时，完成旁路B供电到第二主路M2供电的切换。因此，本示例提供的UPS10，同时可实现对输出电流的超低压保护和超高压保护，以降低与UPS10连接的负载30受低压或高压损坏的可能性。
而且，本示例中通过采集负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值这一瞬时值，来判断旁路B供电是否正常，可以瞬时得出结论，并连续性的切换为由第一主路M1或第二主路M2向负载端O供电。因此，在旁路B供电电压过低时瞬时从旁路B供电切换到第一主路M1供电，或者，在旁路B供电电压过高时瞬时从旁路B供电切换到第二主路供电M2供电，可保证UPS10的无间断输出，同时缩短UPS10输出异常电流的时间。
另外，本示例提供的UPS10是在旁路B供电异常时，瞬间切换为由第一主路M1或第二主路供电M2供电，在旁路B供电时，第一主路M1和第二主路供电M2上没有信号流动。因此不存在第一主路M1或第二主路供电M2与旁路B共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS10系统可靠性风险。
示例三
示例三与示例一的相同之处在于，UPS10包括旁路B和第一主路M1。
示例三与示例一的不同之处在于，第一主路M1中逆变输出单元14的结构不同，驱动方法也不同。
如图10所示，UPS10包括：
旁路B，旁路B包括第一双向开关11。
第一双向开关11连接第一电力输入端IN1和UPS10的负载端O，用于控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O连通或中断。
在一些实施例中，如图10所示，第一双向开关11包括第一可控硅整流器(silicon controlled rectifier，SCR)S1和第二可控硅整流器S2。
第一可控硅整流器S1的阳极连接第一电力输入端IN1，第一可控硅整流器S1的阴极连接负载端O。当第一可控硅整流器S1的门极G1接收到导通信号时，第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，用于传输交流信号的正半周信号。
第二可控硅整流器S2的阳极连接负载端O，第二可控硅整流器S2的阴极连接第一电力输入端IN1。当第二可控硅整流器S2的门极G2接收到导通信号时，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动，第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，用于传输交流信号的负半周信号。
其中，第一可控硅整流器S1的门极G1和第二可控硅整流器S2的门极G2例如可以连接UPS10的控制单元，由控制单元控制第一可控硅整流器S1和第二可控硅整流器S2的驱动与否。第一可控硅整流器S1驱动时，第二可控硅整流器S2无驱动，第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，将第一电力输入端IN1的电流传输至负载端O。同理，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动时，第一可控硅整流器S1无驱动，第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，将第一电力输入端IN1的电流传输至负载端O。在旁路B供电异常时，第一双向开关11反压截止，第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
第一主路M1，第一主路M1包括整流器12、电池单元13、逆变输出单元14和母线15。
整流器12，连接第二电力输入端IN2以及母线15的输入端I1，用于将从第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至母线15的输入端I1。
电池单元13连接母线15的输入端I1，用于接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流，还用于将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1。
逆变输出单元14包括逆变器141和第二双向开关143。
逆变器141连接母线15的输出端O1和第二双向开关143，用于将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换后，传输至第二双向开关143。
第二双向开关143还连接负载端O，用于控制是否将逆变器141输出的电流传输至负载端O。
在一些实施例中，如图10所示，第二双向开关143包括第三可控硅整流器S3和第四可控硅整流器S4。
第三可控硅整流器S3的阳极连接逆变器141，第三可控硅整流器S3的阴极连接负载端O。当第三可控硅整流器S3的门极G3接收到导通信号时，第三可控硅整流器S3驱动，此时，第四可控硅整流器S4未驱动，第二双向开关143沿第一方向X导通。
第四可控硅整流器S4的阳极连接负载端O，第四可控硅整流器S4的阴极连接逆变器141。当第四可控硅整流器S4的门极G4接收到导通信号时，第四可控硅整流器S4驱动，此时，第三可控硅整流器S3未驱动，第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y导通。
其中，第三可控硅整流器S3的门极G3和第四可控硅整流器S4的门极G4例如可以连接UPS10的控制单元，由控制单元控制第三可控硅整流器S3和第四可控硅整流器S4的驱动与否。
第三可控硅整流器S3驱动时，第四可控硅整流器S4无驱动，第二双向开关143沿第一方向X导通，将母线15的输出端O1的电流传输至负载端O。同理，第四可控硅整流器S4驱动时，第三可控硅整流器S3无驱动，第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y导通，将母线15的输出端O1的电流传输至负载端O。在旁路B供电正常时，第三可控硅整流器S3或第四可控硅整流器S4驱动，但第二双向开关143反压截止，母线15的输出端O1的电流未传输至负载端O。
基于图10所示的UPS10，在一种可能的实施例中，旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值骤降，超出下限阈值(第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值)时，旁路B断电，第一主路M1供电。
如图11所示，UPS10的驱动方法包括：
S12、第一主路M1中第二双向开关143根据第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值是否小于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入第一状态或第二状态。
在第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值小于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值的情况下，进入第一状态。
在第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值大于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值的情况下，进入第二状态。
需要说明的是，基于图10所示的UPS10，步骤S12的过程无需特意进行一次独立的判断过程，而是由第二双向开关143直接自然完成。在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，大于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值时，第一主路M1中的第二双向开关143直接反压截止，不会导通，从而进入第一状态。同理，在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，小于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值时，第一主路M1中的第二双向开关143自然导通(无需额外的控制或判断)，从而进入第二状态。
S22、第一状态下：
如图12a所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流，经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止，第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143，但由于第二双向开关143 反压截止，逆变器141输出的电压值为第一电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
其中，如图12a所示，第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止，例如可以是第二双向开关143中的第三可控硅整流器S3驱动，第四可控硅整流器S4未驱动。第三可控硅整流器S3阳极的电压(逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值210Vac)小于阴极的电压(负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值220Vac)，因此，第三可控硅整流器S3反压截止，从而实现第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图12a所示。
如图12b所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止，第一主路M1中逆变器142将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143，但由于第二双向开关143反压截止，逆变器141输出的电压值为第一电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
其中，如图12b所示，第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止，例如可以是第二双向开关143中的第四可控硅整流器S4驱动，第三可控硅整流器S3未驱动。第四可控硅整流器S3阳极的电压(负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值-220Vac)小于阴极的电压(逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值-210Vac)，因此，第四可控硅整流器S4反压截止，从而实现第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图12b所示。
因此，如图12c中左图所示，第一状态下，旁路B向负载端O传输电流，第一主路M1上虽然有电流流动，逆变器141一直输出第一电压值的电流，但由于第二双向开关143反压截止，因此第一主路M1未向负载端O传输电流。例如，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值为220Vac，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为210Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值为220Vac。
其中，图12c中实线表示向传输至负载端O的电流，虚线表示未传输至负载端O的电流。
S32、第二状态下：
如图12d所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
关于第一双向开关11截止的方式，以正半周驱动为例，如图12d所示，控制第一双向开关11中的第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2未驱动，但由于第一可控硅整流器S1阳极的电压值(旁路B向负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值0Vac)小于阴极的电压值(第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值210Vac)，因此，第一可控硅整流器S1反压截止，旁路B反压截止。
第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143；第二双向开关143沿第一方向X驱动，将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
其中，第一主路M1中母线15的输出端O1接收到的信号，是从第一主路M1中第二电力输入端IN2输入的信号，或者是从第一主路M1中电池单元13输入的信号。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图12d所示。
如图12e所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
同理，第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断的方式，如图12e所示，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动，第一可控硅整流器S1未驱动，但由于第二可控硅整流器S2阳极的电压值(第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值-210Vac)小于阴极的电压值(旁路B向负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值0Vac)，因此，第二可控硅整流器S2反压截止，旁路B反压截止。
第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143；第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y驱动，将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
其中，第一主路M1中母线15的输出端O1接收到的信号，是从第一主路M1中第二电力输入端IN2输入的信号，或者是从第一主路M1中电池单元13输入的信号。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图12e所示。
因此，如图12c中右图所示，第一状态结束进入第二状态后，由第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流，旁路B未向负载端O传输电流。例如，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为210Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值也为210Vac。
需要说明的是，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，且第一电压值小于第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值。因此，在旁路B供电正常的情况下，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143自动反压截止。而当旁路B供电异常，旁路B向负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值小于第一电压值后，第一主路M1自然导通，旁路B截止，进入第二状态，由第一主路M1开始供电。
其中，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，具体的取值可以根据需要合理设置，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值小于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值即可。例如，可以通过UPS10中的控制单元控制逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的大小。
本示例提供的UPS10，通过使旁路B和第一主路M1同时向负载端O传输电流，并且使旁路B向负载端O传输电流的理论电压值大于第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流的第一电压值。这样一来，在旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值大于第一主路M1向负载端O传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第一主路M1反压截止，旁路B向负载端O传输电流。而在旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值小于第一主路M1向负载端O传输的电流的电压值的情况下，旁路B反压截止，第一主路M1自然导通。从而实现旁路B提供的电流的电压值过低，低至与第一电压值相同后，完成从旁路B向负载端O传输电流到第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流的无缝切换。因此，在旁路B供电电压过低时，从旁路B供电切换到第一主路M1供电不会出现供电间断的情况，从而可保证UPS10的无间断输出。
此外，虽然旁路B和第一主路M1同时向负载端O传输电流，但是由于旁路B和第一主路M1上传输的电流有电压差，使得传输的电压低的线路自动反压截止，而不会出现旁路B和第一主路M1共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成 的环流而影响UPS10系统可靠性风险。
基于图10所示的UPS10，在另一种可能的实施例中，旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值骤增，超出上限阈值(第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值)时，旁路B断电，第一主路M1供电。
如图13所示，UPS10的驱动方法包括：
S13、第一主路M1中第二双向开关143根据第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值是否大于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入第一状态或第二状态。
在第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值大于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值的情况下，进入第一状态。
在第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值小于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值的情况下，进入第二状态。
需要说明的是，基于图10所示的UPS10，步骤S13的过程无需特意进行一次独立的判断过程，而是由第二双向开关143直接自然完成，在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值小于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值时，第一主路M1中的第二双向开关143直接反压截止，不会导通，从而进入第一状态。同理，在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值大于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值时，第一主路M1中的第二双向开关143自然导通，从而进入第二状态。
S23、第一状态下：
如图14a所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流，经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止，第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143，但由于第二双向开关143反压截止，逆变器141输出的第一电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
其中，如图14a所示，第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止，例如可以是第二双向开关143中的第四可控硅整流器S4驱动，第三可控硅整流器S3未驱动。第四可控硅整流器S3阳极的电压(负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值220Vac)小于阴极的电压(逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值230Vac)，因此，第四可控硅整流器S4反压截止，从而实现第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图14a所示。
如图14b所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止，第一主路M1中逆变器142将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143，但由于第二双向开关143反压截止，逆变器141输出的第一电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
其中，如图14b所示，第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止，例如可以是第二双向开关143中的第三可控硅整流器S3驱动，第四可控硅整流器S4未驱动。第三 可控硅整流器S3阳极的电压(逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值-230Vac)小于阴极的电压(负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值-220Vac)，因此，第三可控硅整流器S3反压截止，从而实现第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图14b所示。
因此，如图14c中左图所示，第一状态下，旁路B向负载端O传输电流，第一主路M1上虽然有电流流动，逆变器141一直输出第一电压值的电流，但由于第二双向开关143反压截止，因此第一主路M1未向负载端O传输电流。例如，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值为220Vac，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为230Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值为220Vac。
其中，图14c中实线表示向传输至负载端O的电流，虚线表示未传输至负载端O的电流。
S33、第二状态下：
如图14d所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
其中，第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断的方式，如图14d所示，第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第二可控硅整流器S2未驱动，但通过使逆变器141的功率大于第一电力输入端IN1的功率，可使第一可控硅整流器S1导通箝位，从而使第一双向开关11导通箝位截止，以控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143；第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y驱动，将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图14d所示。
如图14e所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
同理，第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断的方式，如图14e所示，第二可控硅整流器S2驱动，第一可控硅整流器S1未驱动，但通过使逆变器141的功率大于第一电力输入端IN1的功率，可使第二可控硅整流器S2导通箝位，从而使第一双向开关11导通箝位截止，以控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143；第二双向开关143沿第一方向X驱动，将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图14e所示。
因此，如图14c中右图所示，第一状态结束进入第二状态后，由第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流，旁路B未向负载端O传输电流。例如，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为230Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值也为230Vac。
需要说明的是，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，第一电压值大于第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值。而且，在第一双向开关11沿第一方向X开启时，第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y开启，第一双向开关11的开启方向与第二双向开关143的开启方向始终相反。
因此，在旁路B供电正常的情况下，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143自动反压截止。而当旁路B供电异常，旁路B向负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值大于第一电压值后，第一主路M1自然导通，旁路B截止，进入第二状态，由第一主路M1开始供电。
其中，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，具体的取值可以根据需要合理设置，逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值大于第一电力输入端IN1输出的电流的理论电压值即可。例如，可以通过UPS10中的控制单元控制逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值的大小。
本示例提供的UPS10，通过使旁路B和第一主路M1同时向负载端O传输电流，并且使旁路B向负载端O传输电流的理论电压值小于第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流的第一电压值。这样一来，在旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值小于第一主路M1向负载端O传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第一主路M1反压截止，旁路B向负载端O传输电流。而在旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值大于第一主路M1向负载端O传输的电流的电压值的情况下，旁路B反压截止，第一主路M1自然导通。从而实现旁路B提供的电流的电压值过高，高至与第一电压值相同后，完成从旁路B向负载端O传输电流到第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流的无缝切换。因此，本示例中在旁路B供电超出上限阈值时，可以瞬间从旁路B供电切换到第一主路M1供电，无需持续输出一段时间的高电压信号后再切换为第一主路M1供电，可缩短UPS10持续输出异常电流的时间，提高UPS10输出电流的稳定性。
此外，虽然旁路B和第一主路M1同时向负载端O传输电流，但是由于旁路B和第一主路M1上传输的电流有电压差，使得传输的电压低的线路自动反压截止，而不会出现旁路B和第一主路M1共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS10系统可靠性风险。
实施例四
实施例四与实施例三的相同之处在于，UPS10包括旁路B和第一主路M1。
实施例四与实施例三的不同之处在于，UPS10还包括第二主路M2，旁路B向负载端O提供的电流的电压值与第二主路M2向负载端O提供的电流的电压值不同。
如图15所示，UPS10包括：
旁路B，旁路B包括第一双向开关11。
第一双向开关11连接第一电力输入端IN1和UPS10的负载端O，用于控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O连通或中断。
在一些实施例中，如图15所示，第一双向开关11包括第一可控硅整流器S1和第二可控硅整流器S2。
第一可控硅整流器S1的阳极连接第一电力输入端IN1，第一可控硅整流器S1的阴极连接负载端O。当第一可控硅整流器S1的门极G1接收到导通信号时，第一可控硅整流器S1驱动，第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，用于传输交流信号的正半周信号。
第二可控硅整流器S2的阳极连接负载端O，第二可控硅整流器S2的阴极连接第一电力输入端IN1。当第二可控硅整流器S2的门极G2接收到导通信号时，第二可控 硅整流器S2驱动，第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，用于传输交流信号的负半周信号。
第一主路M1，第一主路M1包括整流器12、电池单元13、逆变输出单元14和母线15。
第一主路M1中整流器12，连接第二电力输入端IN2以及母线15的输入端I1，用于将从第二电力输入端IN2输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至母线15的输入端I1。
第一主路M1中电池单元13连接母线15的输入端I1，用于接收并存储母线15的输入端I1的电流，还用于将存储在电池单元13内的电流输出至母线15的输入端I1。
第一主路M1中逆变输出单元14包括逆变器141和第二双向开关143。
第一主路M1中逆变器141连接母线15的输出端O1和第一主路M1中第二双向开关143，用于将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换后，传输至第一主路M1中第二双向开关143。
第一主路M1中第二双向开关143还连接负载端O，用于控制是否将第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流传输至负载端O。
在一些实施例中，如图15所示，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143包括第三可控硅整流器S3和第四可控硅整流器S4。
第三可控硅整流器S3的阳极连接第一主路M1中逆变器141，第三可控硅整流器S3的阴极连接负载端O。当第三可控硅整流器S3的门极G3接收到导通信号时，第三可控硅整流器S3驱动，此时，第四可控硅整流器S4未驱动，第二双向开关143沿第一方向X导通。
第四可控硅整流器S4的阳极连接负载端O，第四可控硅整流器S4的阴极连接第一主路M1中逆变器141。当第四可控硅整流器S4的门极G4接收到导通信号时，第四可控硅整流器S4驱动，此时，第三可控硅整流器S3未驱动，第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y导通。
其中，第三可控硅整流器S3的门极G3和第四可控硅整流器S4的门极G4例如可以连接UPS10的控制单元，由控制单元控制第三可控硅整流器S3和第四可控硅整流器S4的驱动与否。
第三可控硅整流器S3驱动时，第四可控硅整流器S4无驱动，第二双向开关143沿第一方向X导通，将母线15的输出端O1的电流传输至负载端O。同理，第四可控硅整流器S4驱动时，第三可控硅整流器S3无驱动，第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y导通，将母线15的输出端O1的电流传输至负载端O。在旁路B供电正常时，第三可控硅整流器S3或第四可控硅整流器S4驱动，但第一主路M1中第二双向开关143反压截止，母线15的输出端O1的电流未传输至负载端O。
第二主路M2的结构与第一主路M1的结构相同，如图15所示，第二主路M2包括整流器12′、电池单元13′、逆变输出单元14′和母线15′。
第二主路M2中整流器12′，连接第二主路M2中第二电力输入端IN2′以及母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′，用于将从第二电力输入端IN2′输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′。
第二主路M2中电池单元13′连接第二主路M2中母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′，用于接收并存储母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′的电流，还用于将存储在电池单元13′内的电流输出至母线15′的母线15的输入端I1′。
第二主路M2中逆变输出单元14′包括逆变器141′和第二双向开关143′。
第二主路M2中逆变器141连接第二主路M2中母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′和第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′，用于将从母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′输入的电流进行直流-交流转换后，传输至第二双向开关143′。
第二主路M2中第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′还连接负载端O，用于控制是否将第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流传输至负载端O。
在一些实施例中，如图15所示，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′包括第三可控硅整流器S3′和第四可控硅整流器S4′。
第三可控硅整流器S3′的阳极连接第二主路M2中逆变器141′，第三可控硅整流器S3′的阴极连接负载端O。当第三可控硅整流器S3′的门极G3′接收到导通信号时，第三可控硅整流器S3′驱动，此时，第四可控硅整流器S4′未驱动，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第一方向X导通。
第四可控硅整流器S4′的阳极连接负载端O，第四可控硅整流器S4′的阴极连接第二主路M2中逆变器141′。当第四可控硅整流器S4′的门极G4′接收到导通信号时，第四可控硅整流器S4′驱动，此时，第三可控硅整流器S3′未驱动，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第二方向Y导通。
本示例中，第一电力输入端IN1、第一主路M1中的第二电力输入端IN2以及第二主路M2中的第二电力输入端IN2′，三者可以连接同一电力系统20。例如，第一电力输入端IN1、第一主路M1中的第二电力输入端IN2以及第二主路M2中的第二电力输入端IN2′，三者均连接市电。第一电力输入端IN1、第一主路M1中的第二电力输入端IN2以及第二主路M2中的第二电力输入端IN2′也可以连接不同的电力系统20。
其中，第一主路M1和第二主路M2的区别在于，第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值，与第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值的大小不同。
在一种可能的实施例中，第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(例如210Vac)，与第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值(例如200Vac)，二者不同且均小于第一电力输入端IN1传输的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)。
这样一来，在第一主路M1供电电压骤降，超出下限阈值时，可切换为由第二主路M2供电，以多一层稳压保障。
在另一种可能的实施例中，第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(例如230Vac)，与第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值(例如240Vac)，二者不同且均大于第一电力输入端IN1传输的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)。
这样一来，在第一主路M1供电电压骤增，超出上限阈值时，可切换为由第二主路M2供电，以多一层稳压保障。
在另一种可能的实施例中，第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值(例如210Vac)，小于第一电力输入端IN1传输的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)。第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值(例如230Vac)，大于第一电力输入端IN1传输的电流的理论电压值(例如220Vac)。
这样一来，旁路B供电电压骤降，超出下限阈值(第一主路M1中的逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值)时，可切换为第一主路M1供电。旁路B供电电压骤增，超出上限阈值(第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值)时，可切换为第二主路M2供电。因此，既能进行超低压保护，又能进行超高压保护，可以同时避免UPS10输出的电流的电压值过低或过高，导致与UPS10连接的负载30损坏。
基于图15所示的UPS10，要使UPS10既能进行超低压保护，又能进行超高压保护，如图16所示，UPS10的驱动方法包括：
S110、第一主路M1中第二双向开关143根据第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值是否小于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入第一状态或第二状态。
在第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值小于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值的情况下，进入第一状态。
在第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值大于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值的情况下，进入第二状态。
S210、第二主路M1中第二双向开关143′根据第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值是否大于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入第一状态或第三状态。
在第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值大于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值的情况下，进入第一状态。
在第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值小于负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值的情况下，进入第三状态。
需要说明的是，基于图15所示的UPS10，步骤S110和步骤S120的过程无需特意进行一次独立的判断过程，而是分别由第一主路M1中的第二双向开关143和第二主路M2中的第二双向开关143′直接自然完成。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，大于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值，小于第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值时，第一主路M1中的第二双向开关143和第二主路M2中的第二双向开关143′直接反压截止，不会导通，从而进入第一状态。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，小于第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值时，第一主路M1中的第二双向开关143自然导通(无需额外的控制或判断)，第二主路M2中的第二双向开关143′仍然截止，不会导通，从而进入第二状态。
在负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值，大于第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值时，第二主路M2中的第二双向开关143′自然导通(无需额外的控制或判断)，第一主路M1中的第二双向开关143仍然截止，不会导通，从而进入第三 状态。
S310、第一状态下：
如图17a所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第一方向X导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流，经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止，第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第一主路M1中第二双向开关143，但由于第一主路M1中第二双向开关143反压截止，逆变器141输出的电压值为第一电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
其中，如图17a所示，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止，例如可以是第一主路M1中第二双向开关143中的第三可控硅整流器S3驱动，第四可控硅整流器S4未驱动。第三可控硅整流器S3阳极的电压(第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值210Vac)小于阴极的电压(负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值220Vac)，因此，第三可控硅整流器S3反压截止，从而实现第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止。
与此同时，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第二方向Y反压截止，第二主路M2中逆变器141′将从母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141′并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′，但由于第二双向开关143′反压截止，逆变器141′输出的电压值为第二电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
其中，如图17a所示，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第二方向Y反压截止，例如可以是第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′中的第四可控硅整流器S4′驱动，第三可控硅整流器S3′未驱动。第四可控硅整流器S3′阳极的电压(负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值220Vac)小于阴极的电压(第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值230Vac)，因此，第四可控硅整流器S4′反压截止，从而实现第二双向开关143′沿第二方向Y反压截止。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图17a所示。
如图17b所示，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y导通，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电压值为理论电压值的电流经第一双向开关11传输至负载端O。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止，第一主路M1中逆变器142将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143，但由于第一主路M1中第二双向开关143反压截止，逆变器141输出的电压值为第一电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
其中，如图17b所示，第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止，例如可以是第二双向开关143中的第四可控硅整流器S4驱动，第三可控硅整流器S3未驱动。第四可控硅整流器S3阳极的电压(负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值-220Vac)小于阴极的电压(逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值-210Vac)，因此，第四可控硅整流器S4反压截止，从而实现第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止。
与此同时，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第一方向X反压截止，第二主路M2中逆变器142′将从母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141′并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143′，但由于第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′反压截止，逆变器141′输出的电压值为第二电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
其中，如图14b所示，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第一方向X反压截止，例如可以是第二双向开关143′中的第三可控硅整流器S3′驱动，第四可控硅整流器S4′未驱动。第三可控硅整流器S3′阳极的电压(第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值-230Vac)小于阴极的电压(负载端O输出的电流的实际电压值-220Vac)，因此，第三可控硅整流器S3′反压截止，从而实现第二双向开关143′沿第一方向X反压截止。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图17b所示。
因此，如图17c中位于中间的图所示，第一状态下，旁路B向负载端O传输电流，第一主路M1上虽然有电流流动，第一主路M1中逆变器141一直输出第一电压值的电流，但由于第一主路M1中第二双向开关143反压截止，因此第一主路M1未向负载端O传输电流。
同理，第二主路M2上虽然有电流流动，但未向负载端O传输电流。例如，第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值为220Vac，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为210Vac，第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值为230Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值为220Vac。
其中，图17c中实线表示向传输至负载端O的电流，虚线表示未传输至负载端O的电流。
S410、第二状态下：
如图17d所示，第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第一主路M1中第二双向开关143；第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第一方向X驱动，将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
与此同时，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第一方向X反压截止，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
与此同时，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第二方向Y反压截止，第二主路M2中逆变器141′将从母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141′并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143′，但由于第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′反压截止，逆变器141′输出的电压值为第二电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图17d所示。
如图17e所示，第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第一主路M1中第二双向开关143；第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y驱动，将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
与此同时，旁路B中第一双向开关11沿第二方向Y反压截止，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
与此同时，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第一方向X反压截止，第二主路M2中逆变器142′将从母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141′并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143′，但由于第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′反压截止，逆变器141′输出的电压值为第二电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的负半周等效逻辑图如图17e所示。
因此，如图17c中最下方的图所示，第一状态结束进入第二状态后，由第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流，旁路B未向负载端O传输电流，第二主路M2也未向负载端O传输电流。例如，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为210Vac，此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值也为210Vac。
S510、第三状态下：
如图17f所示，第二主路M2中逆变器141′将从母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将第二电压值的电流传输至第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′；第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第二方向Y驱动，将第二电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
与此同时，旁路B中第一双向开关11导通箝位截止，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第一方向X反压截止，第一主路M1中逆变器141将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143，但由于第一主路M1中第二双向开关143反压截止，逆变器141输出的电压值为第一电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图17f所示。
如图17g所示，第二主路M2中逆变器141′将从母线15′的母线15的输出端O1′输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′；第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第一方向X驱动，将电压值为第二电压值的电流传输至负载端O。
与此同时，旁路B中第一双向开关11导通箝位截止，旁路B中第一双向开关11控制第一电力输入端IN1与负载端O中断。
与此同时，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第二方向Y反压截止，第一主路M1中逆变器142将从母线15的输出端O1输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，逆变器141并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至第二双向开关143，但由于第二双向开关143反压截止，逆变器141输出的电压值为第一电压值的电流未传输至负载端O。
此时，UPS10的正半周等效逻辑图如图17g所示。
因此，如图17c中最上方的图所示，第一状态结束进入第三状态后，由第二主路M2向负载端O传输电流，旁路B未向负载端O传输电流，第一主路M1也未向负载端O传输电流。例如，第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值为230Vac， 此时，负载端O输出的电流的电压值也为230Vac。
需要说明的是，第一主路M1中逆变器141输出的电流的第一电压值为固定值，第一电压值小于第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值。第二主路M2中逆变器141′输出的电流的第二电压值也为固定值，第二电压值大于第一电力输入端IN1输入的电流的理论电压值。
而且，在第一主路M1中第二双向开关143沿第一方向X开启时，第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′沿第二方向Y开启，第一主路M1中第二双向开关143的开启方向与第二主路M2中第二双向开关143′的开启方向始终相反。
本示例提供的UPS10，通过使旁路B、第一主路M1以及第二主路M2同时向负载端O传输电压值不同的电流，并且在旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值大于第一主路M1向负载端O传输的电流的电压值，且小于第二主路M2向负载端O传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第一主路M1反压截止，第二主路M2反压截止，旁路B向负载端O传输电流。而在旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值小于第一主路M1向负载端O传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第一主路M1自然导通，此时，旁路B可以反压截止，第二主路M2反压截止。而在旁路B向负载端O传输的电流的电压值大于第二主路M2向负载端O传输的电流的电压值的情况下，第二主路M2自然导通，此时，旁路B反压截止，第一主路M1反压截止。从而实现在旁路B提供的电流的电压值过低时，完成从旁路B向负载端O传输电流到第一主路M1向负载端O传输电流的无缝切换。在旁路B提供的电流的电压值过高时，完成从旁路B向负载端O传输电流到第二主路M2向负载端O传输电流的无缝切换。因此，在旁路B供电电压过低时，瞬时从旁路B供电切换到第一主路M1供电。在旁路B供电电压过高时，瞬时从旁路B供电切换到第二主路M2供电。可保证UPS10的无间断输出，同时缩短UPS10输出异常电流的时间。
此外，虽然旁路B、第一主路M1和第二主路M2同时向负载端O传输电流，但是由于旁路B、第一主路M1和第二主路M2上传输的电流有电压差，使得传输的电压低的线路自动反压截止，而不会出现旁路B、第一主路M1和第二主路M2共通形成环流的情况，从而可避免出现因两路共通形成的环流而影响UPS10系统可靠性风险。
以上，需要说明的是，本申请实施例中举例说明的电流的电压值，仅为一种示意，不同国家地区和行业电网提供的电流的电压值不同，本申请实施例中各个部件输出的电流的电压值可以相应调整。
此外，本申请实施例还提供一种电源管理芯片，包括上述不间断电源系统的驱动方法。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机执行指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。
计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、 服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)，光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如SSD)等。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种不间断电源系统，其特征在于，包括：第一电力输入端，第二电力输入端，负载端，以及，
    旁路，所述旁路包括第一双向开关；所述第一双向开关连接所述第一电力输入端和所述负载端，用于控制所述第一电力输入端与所述负载端的连通或中断；
    至少一条主路，每条所述主路均包括母线和逆变输出单元；所述母线的输入端连接所述第二电力输入端，所述母线的输出端连接所述逆变输出单元；所述逆变输出单元还连接所述负载端，所述逆变输出单元用于控制是否将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换并传输至所述负载端；
    其中，所述逆变输出单元输出的电流的电压值，与所述第一电力输入端输出的电流的理论电压值不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的不间断电源系统，其特征在于，所述逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第一控制器；
    所述逆变器连接所述母线的输出端、所述负载端以及所述第一控制器，所述逆变器在所述第一控制器的控制下开启，用于将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换后，传输至所述负载端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的不间断电源系统，其特征在于，所述主路为两条或两条以上；
    所述两条或两条以上主路中的多个所述第一控制器集成在同一控制单元中。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的不间断电源系统，其特征在于，所述逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第二双向开关；
    所述逆变器连接所述母线的输出端和所述第二双向开关，用于将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换后，传输至所述第二双向开关；
    所述第二双向开关还连接所述负载端，用于控制是否将所述逆变器输出的电流传输至所述负载端。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项权利要求所述的不间断电源系统，其特征在于，所述主路为两条或两条以上；
    所述两条或两条以上主路中，至少一条所述主路中的所述逆变输出单元输出的电流的所述电压值，大于所述第一电力输入端输出的电流的所述理论电压值；至少一条所述主路中所述逆变输出单元输出的电流的所述电压值，小于所述第一电力输入端输出的电流的所述理论电压值。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任意一项权利要求所述的不间断电源系统，其特征在于，所述第一双向开关包括第一可控硅整流器和第二可控硅整流器；
    所述第一可控硅整流器的阳极连接所述第一电力输入端，所述第一可控硅整流器的阴极连接所述负载负载端；
    所述第二可控硅整流器的阳极连接所述负载负载端，所述第二可控硅整流器的阴极连接所述第一电力输入端。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的不间断电源系统，其特征在于，所述第二双向开关包括第三可控硅整流器和第四可控硅整流器；
    所述第三可控硅整流器的阳极连接所述逆变器，所述第三可控硅整流器的阴极连接所述负载端；
    所述第四可控硅整流器的阳极连接所述负载端，所述第四可控硅整流器的阴极连接所述逆变器。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任意一项权利要求所述的不间断电源系统，其特征在于，所述主路还包括整流器和电池单元；
    所述整流器，连接所述第二电力输入端以及所述母线的输入端，用于将从所述第二电力输入端输入的电流进行交流-直流转换后，传输至所述母线的输入端；
    所述电池单元连接所述母线的输入端，用于接收并存储所述母线的输入端的电流，还用于将存储在其内的电流输出至所述母线的输入端。
  9. 一种不间断电源系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述不间断电源系统包括：第一电力输入端，第二电力输入端，负载端，以及，旁路，所述旁路包括第一双向开关，所述第一双向开关连接所述第一电力输入端和所述负载端；第一主路，所述第一主路包括母线和逆变输出单元，所述母线的输入端连接所述第二电力输入端，所述母线的输出端连接所述逆变输出单元；所述逆变输出单元还连接所述负载端；
    所述不间断电源系统的驱动方法，包括：
    第一状态下：
    所述旁路中所述第一双向开关导通，所述第一电力输入端的电流经所述第一双向开关传输至所述负载端；
    第二状态下：
    所述第一双向开关控制所述第一电力输入端与所述负载端中断；
    同时，所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端；
    其中，所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元输出的电流的所述第一电压值与所述第一电力输入端输出的电流的理论电压值不同。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的不间断电源系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第一控制器，所述逆变器连接所述母线的输出端、所述负载端以及所述第一控制器；
    所述不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：
    所述第一主路中所述逆变器输出的电流的所述第一电压值小于所述第一电力输入端向所述负载端输出的电流的理论电压值；
    所述第一主路中所述第一控制器实时检测所述负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断所述实际电压值是否大于所述第一电压值；
    在所述实际电压值大于所述第一电压值的情况下，进入所述第一状态，所述第一主路中所述第一控制器控制所述逆变器截止；
    在所述实际电压值小于所述第一电压值的情况下，进入所述第二状态；
    所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端，包括：
    所述第一主路中所述第一控制器控制所述逆变器开启，所述逆变器将从所述第一 主路中所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的不间断电源系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第一控制器，所述逆变器连接所述母线的输出端、所述负载端以及所述第一控制器；
    所述不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：
    所述第一主路中所述逆变器输出的电流的所述第一电压值大于所述第一电力输入端向所述负载端输出的电流的理论电压值；
    所述第一主路中所述第一控制器实时检测所述负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断所述实际电压值是否小于所述第一电压值；
    在所述实际电压值小于所述第一电压值的情况下，进入所述第一状态，所述第一主路中所述第一控制器控制所述逆变器截止；
    在所述实际电压值大于所述第一电压值的情况下，进入所述第二状态；
    所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端，包括：
    所述第一主路中所述第一控制器控制所述逆变器开启，所述逆变器将从所述第一主路中所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的不间断电源系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述不间断电源系统还包括第二主路，所述第二主路包括逆变输出单元和母线，所述逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第一控制器，所述逆变器连接所述母线的输出端、所述负载端以及所述第一控制器；
    所述不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：
    所述第二主路中所述逆变器输出的电流的第二电压值大于所述第一电力输入端向所述负载端输出的电流的理论电压值；
    所述第二主路中所述第一控制器实时检测所述负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，并判断所述实际电压值是否小于所述第二电压值；
    在所述实际电压值小于所述第二电压值的情况下，进入所述第一状态，所述第二主路中所述第一控制器控制所述逆变器截止；
    在所述实际电压值大于所述第二电压值的情况下，进入第三状态；
    所述第三状态下：
    所述第一双向开关控制所述第一电力输入端与所述负载端中断；
    同时，所述第一主路中所述第一控制器控制所述逆变器截止，以控制所述母线的输出端与所述负载端中断；
    所述第二主路中所述第一控制器控制所述逆变器开启，所述逆变器将从所述第二主路中所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第二电压值的电流传输至所述负载端。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的不间断电源系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第二双向开关；所述逆变器连接所述母线的输 出端和所述第二双向开关；所述第二双向开关还连接所述负载端；
    所述不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：
    所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关根据所述第一主路中所述逆变器输出的电流的第一电压值是否小于所述负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入所述第一状态或所述第二状态；
    所述旁路中所述第一双向开关导通，所述第一电力输入端的电流经所述第一双向开关传输至所述负载端，包括：
    所述第一双向开关沿第一方向导通，所述第一电力输入端的电流经所述第一双向开关传输至所述负载端；所述第一主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第一电压值的电流传输至所述第二双向开关，所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关沿所述第一方向反压截止；
    所述第一双向开关沿第二方向导通，所述第一电力输入端的电流经所述第一双向开关传输至所述负载端；所述第一主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第一电压值的电流传输至所述第二双向开关，所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关沿所述第二方向反压截止；
    所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端，包括：
    所述第一主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第一电压值的电流传输至所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关；所述第二双向开关导通，将电压值为所述第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端；
    其中，所述第一电压值小于所述理论电压值；所述第一方向和所述第二方向互为流向所述负载端的方向和背离所述负载端的方向。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的不间断电源系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第二双向开关；所述逆变器连接所述母线的输出端和所述第二双向开关；所述第二双向开关还连接所述负载端；
    所述不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：
    所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关根据所述第一主路中所述逆变器输出的电流的第一电压值是否大于所述负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入所述第一状态或所述第二状态；
    所述旁路中所述第一双向开关导通，所述第一电力输入端的电流经所述第一双向开关传输至所述负载端，包括：
    所述第一双向开关沿第一方向导通，所述第一电力输入端的电流经所述第一双向开关传输至所述负载端；所述第一主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至所述第二双向开关，所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关沿所述第二方向反压截止；
    所述第一双向开关沿第二方向导通，所述第一电力输入端的电流经所述第一双向开关传输至所述负载端；所述第一主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至所述第二双向开关，所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关沿所述第一方向反压截止；
    所述第一主路中所述逆变输出单元将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端，包括：
    所述第一主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第一电压值的电流传输至所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关；所述第二双向开关导通，将电压值为所述第一电压值的电流传输至所述负载端；
    其中，所述第一电压值大于所述理论电压值；所述第一方向和所述第二方向互为流向所述负载端的方向和背离所述负载端的方向。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的不间断电源系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，所述不间断电源系统还包括第二主路，所述第二主路包括逆变输出单元和母线；所述逆变输出单元包括逆变器和第二双向开关；所述逆变器连接所述母线的输出端和所述第二双向开关；所述第二双向开关还连接所述负载端；
    所述不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：
    所述第二主路中所述第二双向开关根据所述第二主路中所述逆变器输出的电流的第二电压值是否大于所述负载端输出的电流的实际电压值，控制进入所述第一状态或第三状态；
    所述第三状态下：
    所述第一双向开关控制所述第一电力输入端与所述负载端中断；
    同时，所述第一主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第一电压值的电流传输至所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关；所述第一主路中所述第二双向开关反压截止；
    所述第二主路中所述第二双向开关导通，所述第二主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为第二电压值的电流经所述第二主路中所述第二双向开关传输至所述负载端；
    所述不间断电源系统的驱动方法，还包括：
    所述第一状态下，所述第一双向开关沿所述第一方向导通的同时所述第二主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第二电压值的电流传输至所述第二双向开关；所述第二主路中所述第二双向开关沿所述第二方向反压截止；
    所述第一双向开关沿所述第二方向驱动的同时，所述第二主路中所述逆变器将从所述母线的输出端输入的电流进行直流-交流转换，并将电压值为所述第二电压值的电流传输至所述第二双向开关；所述第二主路中所述第二双向开关沿所述第一方向反压截止；
    其中，所述第二电压值大于所述理论电压值。
  16. 一种电源管理芯片，其特征在于，用于执行权利要求9-15中任意一项权利要求所述的不间断电源系统的驱动方法。
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