WO2021201068A1 - 開口装置 - Google Patents
開口装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021201068A1 WO2021201068A1 PCT/JP2021/013753 JP2021013753W WO2021201068A1 WO 2021201068 A1 WO2021201068 A1 WO 2021201068A1 JP 2021013753 W JP2021013753 W JP 2021013753W WO 2021201068 A1 WO2021201068 A1 WO 2021201068A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- state
- lock
- upper lid
- pedal
- lock cam
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 214
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036544 posture Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000004050 Pentaglottis sempervirens Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004522 Pentaglottis sempervirens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002066 L-histidyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])=NC(C([H])([H])[C@](C(=O)[*])([H])N([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/01—Trap-doors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B5/00—Other devices for rescuing from fire
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
- E05Y2201/638—Cams; Ramps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
- E05Y2201/686—Rods, links
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to an opening device.
- opening devices that allow people to enter and exit, such as entrances and exits and evacuation hatches used for emergency evacuation such as fires, are provided.
- the opening device is provided with an upper lid that closes the opening so that a person cannot fall or go in and out during normal times.
- an evacuation device to be installed in an opening device with an upper lid a rescue bag, a foldable ladder, and a vertical descent type elevator-like device are also being studied. If this type of opening device is installed in a location that is visible to the infant, the infant may open the top lid and mischief.
- the upper lid is surely prevented from being opened by the weak pulling force of the infant to improve safety, and the upper lid is allowed to be opened by the pulling force of an ordinary adult excluding infants, etc., and promptly in case of emergency evacuation.
- An opening device capable of opening the upper lid has been studied (see JP-A-11-290470).
- the problem is that it is not easy for elderly people and persons with physical disabilities, especially wheelchair users, to reach for the upper lid on the floor and lift and open the upper lid with a pulling force exceeding the set value that unlocks the lock state. There was a point. Further, when the opening is large, the upper lid becomes larger and the weight of the entire upper lid becomes heavier, which makes it more difficult to lift.
- the present disclosure is to provide an opening device capable of easily opening the upper lid without having to reach to the upper lid on the floor and release the locked state by one's own hand.
- the opening device has an outer frame having an opening through which a person can enter and exit, and one end side rotatably supported by the outer frame to close the opening.
- the upper lid, a lock mechanism for locking the upper lid to the outer frame with the opening closed, a pedal provided on the upper lid, the pedal and the lock mechanism are connected, and the lock is performed by operating the pedal.
- a link mechanism for unlocking the mechanism and an urging means for rotating the upper lid in the opening direction when the lock of the lock mechanism is released with the operation of the pedal are provided.
- the upper lid is provided with a pedal that releases the lock of the lock mechanism via the link mechanism by operation.
- a pedal that releases the lock of the lock mechanism via the link mechanism by operation.
- the upper lid can be opened in the opening direction by the urging force of the urging means.
- wheelchair users who cannot reach the upper lid on the floor to unlock it with their own hands and cannot lift and open the upper lid can pedal with their feet or the front wheels of the wheelchair.
- the upper lid can be opened by operating it.
- the opening device of the second aspect is the opening device of the first aspect, in which the link mechanism has an interlocking portion interlocked with the operation of the pedal and a movement amount of less than a predetermined amount due to the operation of the pedal. Is provided with an actuating portion that unlocks the lock mechanism when the lock mechanism is moved by a predetermined amount without unlocking the lock mechanism.
- the interlocking part of the link mechanism operates according to the operation of the pedal. Then, the operating unit connected to the link mechanism unlocks the lock mechanism when the pedal is operated to perform a predetermined amount of movement. As a result, the lock mechanism can be unlocked via the link mechanism and the operating portion by operating the pedal.
- the opening device of the third aspect is the opening device of the second aspect, in which two pedals are provided on the upper lid, and the operating portion moves when one of the two pedals is operated. If the amount is less than the predetermined amount and the two pedals are operated together, the movement amount becomes the predetermined amount or more.
- two pedals are provided on the edge of the upper lid, and the amount of movement of the operating portion of the link mechanism is less than a predetermined amount unless the two pedals are operated together.
- the amount of movement of the operating part is formed so that it does not reach a predetermined amount, so that one pedal can be operated by mischief by an infant or the like, or one of them happens to be one of them.
- the lock mechanism is not unlocked. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of mischief and malfunction of infants and the like, and it is possible to prevent the upper lid from being accidentally opened.
- the opening device of the fourth aspect is the opening device of the third aspect, wherein the interlocking portion is directly or indirectly connected to the pedal at a connecting portion separated from each other, and the pedal is operated.
- the locking mechanism locks the operating portion when the connecting portion is connected to a driven portion that moves in the predetermined direction and an intermediate portion between the two connecting portions in the driven portion, and the intermediate portion moves in the predetermined direction. It is provided with a guide portion that guides the vehicle in the direction of releasing the lock.
- the driven portion moves in response to the operation of the pedal, and the driven portion is pulled in response to the amount of movement of the driven portion.
- the operating portion is connected to a plurality of the locking mechanisms, and the guiding portion guides the operating portion to lock each of the locking mechanisms. Are released at the same time.
- the operating portion is connected to a plurality of locking mechanisms, and the plurality of locking mechanisms are unlocked when the guiding portion moves in a predetermined direction. This provides a mechanism for the actuating portion that unlocks the locking mechanism.
- the opening device of the sixth aspect is the opening device of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the locking mechanism can be locked to the outer frame (specifically, to the lock bar). Specifically, the lock claw), the locked state provided on the upper lid to maintain the locking of the locking portion to the outer frame, and the locking of the locking portion to the outer frame can be released.
- a lock member for example, a first lock cam
- capable of switching between an unlocked state, a lock holding state for maintaining the locked state of the lock member, and an unlocked state of the lock member with the operation of the link mechanism are maintained.
- the first state maintaining means capable of switching between the unlocked maintaining state and the first state maintaining means are switched to the unlocked maintaining state, the unlocked maintaining state is irrespective of the operation of the link mechanism.
- the locking portion provided on the upper lid locks a part of the outer frame (specifically, the lock bar) in the locked state
- the upper lid is separated from the outer frame.
- the lock mechanism is locked.
- the locking portion provided on the upper lid does not lock a part of the outer frame, so that the upper lid can be separated from the outer frame and the lock mechanism is unlocked. It becomes the unlocked state.
- the lock mechanism can maintain the locked state by the first state maintaining means maintaining the locked state.
- the second state maintaining means maintains the unlocked maintaining state regardless of the operation of the link mechanism, thereby operating the pedal to operate the pedal.
- the unlocked state is changed to the locked state again and the lock mechanism returns to the locked state. Can be prevented.
- the opening device of the seventh aspect is the opening device of the sixth aspect, in which the locking mechanism has the locking portion and is rotated to obtain the locked state and the unlocked state of the locking portion.
- the first lock cam is provided as the lock member that can be changed, and the first state maintaining means is in a blocking state that prevents the rotation of the first lock cam in the locked state and an operation of the link mechanism.
- it is a second lock cam that allows rotation between the first lock cam and the allowable state that allows the rotation of the first lock cam, and the second state maintaining means is such that the second lock cam is released from the blocking state. When rotated to the allowable state, the return of the second lock cam to the blocked state is suppressed.
- the first lock cam has a locking portion capable of locking a part of the outer frame, and by rotating, the locked state and the unlocked state of the locked portion are changed. be able to.
- the second lock cam as the first state maintaining means locks the locking portion by setting the blocking state to prevent the rotation of the first lock cam, and the second lock cam is activated as the link mechanism is operated.
- the lock cam rotates, the rotation of the first lock cam is allowed to be allowed, and the first lock cam can be rotated.
- the second state maintaining means prevents the second lock cam from returning to the blocked state when the second lock cam rotates from the blocked state to the allowable state.
- the opening device of the eighth aspect is the opening device of the seventh aspect, and the second state maintaining means is an urging member connected to the first lock cam and the second lock cam.
- the urging member suppresses the return from the allowable state to the blocking state.
- the opening device according to the ninth aspect is the opening device of the first to eighth aspects, and includes an evacuation device (for example, a folding ladder, a rescue bag, etc.) in which the whole or a part of the opening device is housed in the outer frame.
- an evacuation device for example, a folding ladder, a rescue bag, etc.
- an evacuation device in which all or part of the outer frame is housed. As a result, by opening the upper frame to the outer frame, it is possible to evacuate downstairs using the evacuation device.
- FIG. 4A is a partially enlarged plan view showing an enlarged opening stop portion in FIG. 4A.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the opening device according to the first embodiment in a state immediately before the front wheel of the wheelchair steps on the pedal. It is a partial vertical sectional view of the opening device which concerns on 1st Embodiment, in the state which the front wheel of a wheelchair is stepping on a pedal.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of a link lever before the front wheel of a wheelchair steps on a pedal in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of a link lever in a state where the front wheel of a wheelchair is stepping on a pedal in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a locked state of a locking mechanism before the front wheel of a wheelchair steps on a pedal in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where the front wheel of a wheelchair is stepping on a pedal in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a locking mechanism in a state where the front wheels are separated from the upper lid in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where the upper lid is open in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where the upper lid is closed in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- It is a partial vertical sectional view of the lock mechanism in the state which the upper lid is locked in the opening device which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where the upper lid is open in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where the upper lid is closed in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- It is a partial vertical
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state in which only one pedal is operated and the displacement of the operating portion is halved in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a state in which neither of the two pedals is operated, the operating portion does not jump up, and the lock mechanism is locked in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which two pedals are operated to cause the operating portion to jump up and the lock mechanism is unlocked in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing a locking mechanism in a state in which only one pedal is operated and the displacement of the operating portion is halved in the opening device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which two pedals are operated to pull the interlocking portion and the operating portion to unlock the lock mechanism in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a link mechanism in a state in which only one pedal is operated and the displacements of the interlocking portion and the operating portion are halved in the opening device according to the second embodiment. It is a partial perspective view of the lock mechanism in the opening device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which two pedals are operated to pull the interlocking portion and the operating portion to unlock the lock mechanism in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a link mechanism in a state in which only one pedal is operated and the displacements of the interlocking portion and the operating portion are halved in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- It is a partial perspective view of the lock mechanism in the opening device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a locked state of a locking mechanism before the front wheel of a wheelchair steps on a pedal in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where the front wheel of a wheelchair is stepping on a pedal in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a locking mechanism in a state where the front wheels are separated from the upper lid in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where the upper lid is closed in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where a lock bar rotates a first lock cam in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a lock mechanism in a state where only one pedal is operated in the opening device according to the second embodiment.
- the opening device 8 according to the first embodiment and the evacuation device 11 provided in the opening device 8 are used in an emergency from the corridor or veranda on the upper floor to the corridor or veranda on the lower floor. It is used to evacuate to.
- the opening device 8 has an outer frame 100 that is fitted and fixed to the floor base 2 on the upper floor side to form an opening 3 for evacuation.
- the evacuation device 11 includes a guide column 1 which is erected on the floor surface 4 of the lower floor and whose upper end is fixed to the outer frame 100, and an evacuation platform 5 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). have.
- the evacuation platform 5 is driven up and down between a standby position held in the outer frame 100 for evacuation and an evacuation position where the evacuation platform 5 descends from this standby position along the guide column 1 and lands on the lower floor surface 4.
- NS The evacuation device 11 according to the first embodiment includes a guide column 1 which is erected on the floor surface 4 of the lower floor and whose upper end is fixed to the outer frame 100, and an evacuation platform 5 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). have.
- the evacuation platform 5 is driven up and down between a standby position held in the outer frame 100 for evacuation and an evacuation position where the evacuation platform 5 descends from this standby position along the guide column 1 and lands on the lower floor surface 4.
- the guide support column 1 is a hollow pipe body having an appropriate buckling strength, and is formed by, for example, extruding aluminum.
- the lower end of the guide support 1 is fixed to the floor base 2 on the lower floor, and the upper end is fixed to the outer frame 100. Further, a rack groove 15 is formed on one side wall surface of the guide column 1.
- the outer frame 100 is provided with an upper lid 110 whose one end side is rotatably supported by the outer frame 100 and can close the opening 3.
- the upper lid 110 constitutes an opening device 8 capable of opening and closing the opening 3 by a predetermined mechanism described later, and the contents of the opening device 8 will be described in detail later.
- the lock mechanism 200 for locking the upper lid 110 to the outer frame 100 while the opening 3 is closed is provided. The contents of the lock mechanism 200 will also be described in detail later.
- a weight suspended by a predetermined wire is housed in the hollow portion of the guide support column 1.
- the end of the wire opposite to the fixed end to the weight is connected to the elevating table 5, and a pulley is arranged between the weight and the fixed end to the elevating table 5.
- the weight is set to a weight that allows the elevating platform 5 when the user is not on board to be pulled up, and when the user gets off the elevating platform 5 after reaching the lower floor, the weight of the weight increases.
- the lift 5 is formed so as to return to the standby position.
- the elevating platform 5 is provided with a support opening 5a (see FIG. 3) through which the guide support 1 is inserted.
- the strut insertion opening 5a is formed on each of the adjacent edge 7 sides adjacent to both outer sides of the boarding edge 6 which serves as a boarding port when the evacuees get on the elevator 5 in the standby position.
- the support column insertion openings 5a are formed at positions at equal intervals from the boarding edge 6, and two guide columns 1 are erected at opposite positions corresponding to the support column insertion openings 5a.
- a pinion 13 or the like is arranged around the column insertion opening 5a.
- the pinion 13 meshes with the rack groove 15 of the guide column 1. It should be noted that a device that operates by rotating the pinion 13 using the centrifugal brake to limit the rotation speed may be provided.
- a wheel guide groove 17 (see FIG. 3) for guiding the wheel 16a and the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16 is recessed on the surface of the lift 5 so that the wheelchair 16 can use the wheelchair 16.
- the wheel guide groove 17 is formed over almost the entire length from the boarding edge 6 of the elevating platform 5 to the back side edge 7a, and the wheelchair 16 can be boarded on the elevating platform 5 after riding from the boarding edge 6. This is done by moving it in the direction of the side edge 7a.
- the wheel guide groove 17 is formed with an inclined surface 20 reaching the boarding edge 6 with a start end 19 at a position separated from the boarding edge 6 by a predetermined interval, and is formed on the lower floor. After evacuating to, the wheelchair 16 is formed so as to prevent the occurrence of a step when the wheelchair 16 is retracted and descends to the floor surface 4 on the lower floor.
- the slope member 18 is mounted on the outer frame 100 via the slope control body 25.
- a handrail body 26 is attached to the lift 5.
- the handrail body 26 has a horizontal rod 26a and a vertical rod 26b extending in a direction perpendicular to both ends of the horizontal rod 26a, and is formed in a U shape.
- the free end is rotatably connected to the vicinity of the rear edge 7a of the elevating table 5.
- This handrail body 26 is always urged to the use posture side by a spring. At the time of use, it is formed so as to shift to the upright posture without any particular operation (by opening the upper lid 110).
- the evacuation device 11 is provided with a stopper device for holding the elevating platform 5 in the standby position
- the horizontal rod 26a of the handrail body 26 is provided with a manual release operation unit 29 for manually releasing the stopper device. Is placed. Therefore, when the elevating table 5 is in the standby position, the descent of the elevating table 5 is regulated via the stopper device. By manually operating the manual release operation unit 29 from this state, the stopper device is manually released, and the elevating platform 5 starts descending.
- the opening device 8 has an outer frame 100 having an opening 3 through which a person can enter and exit, and an opening 3 whose one end side is rotatably supported by the outer frame 100.
- An opening stop portion 150 that connects the outer frame 100 and the upper lid 110 and stops the opening of the upper lid 110 at the maximum opening angle (specifically, 90 °), and an urging means 140 that urges the upper lid 110 in the opening direction. And have. Then, the opening stop portion 150 includes a first arm 160 rotatably connected to the outer frame 100, and a second arm 170 rotatably connected to each of the first arm 160 and the upper lid 110. And have. Then, when the upper lid 110 is closed, the first arm 160 and the second arm 170 are formed so as to be folded, and when the lock of the lock mechanism 200 is released by the operation of the operation unit 120, the urging means 140, etc. The upper lid 110 is formed so as to be opened by the urging means 145.
- FIG. 4A is a plan view of the upper lid 110
- FIG. 4B is a partially enlarged plan view of the upper lid 110.
- the upper lid 110 has a lower height on the left side and a lower height on the right side. It is formed high.
- the end edge side of the upper lid 110 on the higher side is rotatably supported by the outer frame 100 via the rotation shaft 112.
- the outer frame 100 is integrally formed with the case 21.
- the upper lid 110 according to the present embodiment is formed so as to be rotatable up to 90 ° (maximum opening angle) with respect to the outer frame 100 as described later.
- a lock mechanism 200 for locking the upper lid 110 to the outer frame 100 with the opening 3 closed is provided at the lower edge of the upper lid 110 on the left side of FIG. 5 on the lower side.
- two pedals 130 as an operation unit 120 for releasing the lock of the lock mechanism 200 are provided side by side along the left edge side of the upper lid 110.
- the two pedals 130 are formed so as to match the distance between the two front wheels 16b of a general wheelchair 16, and as shown in FIG. 9, the pedals 130 are the left and right front wheels 16b of the wheelchair 16 from the left side. It is formed so that it can be operated by stepping on the end of the wheelchair from above.
- a stepped portion 111 which is rectangular in a plan view and is slightly recessed from the periphery is formed.
- thin plate-shaped connecting brackets 113 are fixed to both ends of the upper lid 110, and the urging means 140 and the second arm 170 are connected to the connecting brackets 113.
- a stopper 180 which will be described later, is also provided on the connection bracket 113.
- an urging means 140 for connecting the outer frame 100 and the rotating shaft 112 side of the upper lid 110 is provided on the edge side where the rotating shaft 112 of the upper lid 110 is provided. It is provided.
- the urging means 140 is a gas spring, and exerts an urging force in a direction of pushing out the piston rod 142 in the cylinder 141 by the pressure of the gas filled therein.
- the opening stop portion 150 is provided which connects the outer frame 100 and the vicinity of the rotation shaft 112 side of the upper lid 110 and stops the opening of the upper lid 110 at the maximum opening angle.
- the opening stop portion 150 includes a first arm 160 rotatably connected to the outer frame 100 and a second arm 170 rotatably connected to each of the first arm 160 and the upper lid 110. It has.
- the first arm 160 is composed of "another urging means 145" different from the urging means 140 described above.
- the other urging means 145 is also a gas spring like the urging means 140 described above, and exerts an urging force in a direction of pushing out the piston rod 147 in the cylinder 146 by the pressure of the gas filled inside.
- the second arm 170 is not an urging means but a rod-shaped member having a substantially U-shaped cross section.
- the end of the piston rod 142 of the urging means 140 is rotatably connected to the connection bracket 113, and the end of the cylinder 141 of the urging means 140 is rotatably connected to the outer frame 100.
- One end of the first arm 160 is rotatably connected to the outer frame 100 by the first axis C, and the other end of the first arm 160 is rotatably connected to one end of the second arm 170 by the third axis E.
- the other end of the second arm 170 is rotatably connected to the connecting bracket 113 by the second axis D.
- the first arm 160 is made of another urging means 145 and the second arm 170 is made of a rod-shaped member.
- the second arm 170 can be formed by another urging means 145
- the first arm 160 can be formed by a rod-shaped member.
- the stopper 180 may be provided on the outer frame 100 so as to come into contact with the first arm 160.
- the upper lid 110 is horizontally opened in the opening 3 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) and the elevating table 5.
- a lock mechanism 200 is formed to lock the upper lid 110 to the outer frame 100 while the upper part is closed.
- the lock mechanism 200 is unlocked. The contents of the locking mechanism will be described in detail later.
- the lock mechanism 200 is unlocked, the upper lid 110 in the horizontal state as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is attached with both the urging means 140 and the other urging means 145 as the first arm 160.
- the force specifically, the force in the direction in which the upper lid 110 is opened by the urging force of a total of four urging means (two urging means 140 and two other urging means 145) on the left and right.
- the upper lid 110 rotates in the direction in which the upper lid 110 is opened, with the rotation shaft 112 as the center of rotation.
- the upper lid 110 is approximately 70 ° (specifically, for example, 66 °, hereinafter, “half-open angle” in the present embodiment as an example of a predetermined angle with respect to the outer frame 100 (horizontal direction).
- the rotation angle of () is released, the other urging means 145 as the first arm 160 is in a state where the piston rod 147 is fully extended from the cylinder 146, and the piston rod 147 is further extended from the cylinder 146. It is in a state where it does not extend from the inside to the outside of 146. Therefore, after the fully extended state, the urging force is not generated from the other urging means 145 as the first arm 160.
- the first arm 160 is another urging means 145 that extends the piston rod 147 to the maximum operating length as a gas spring. Then, the second arm 170 during the extension of the other urging means 145 abuts on the stopper 180 at the point B shown in FIG. 7, and is pressed against the other urging means 145 in the folding direction. .. The first arm 160 is in contact with the stopper 180 at the point B until the piston rod 147 is extended to the maximum operating length, that is, during the time shown in FIGS. 6 to 7.
- the stopper 180 It is possible to maintain the maximum opening angle by abutting at point A shown in FIG. That is, the stopper 180 comes into contact with the point A of the second arm 170 when the upper lid 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle to regulate further rotation.
- the upper lid 110 is opened from the horizontal state by a half opening angle and then the upper lid 110 is to be further opened, the upper lid 110 is further opened by the urging force of the urging means 140. Become.
- the piston rod 147 Since the first arm 160 is fully extended, the piston rod 147 does not protrude outward any more, but the second arm 170 is connected to the tip end side of the first arm 160. Rotates with respect to the first arm 160, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. This makes it possible to further open the upper lid 110.
- the upper lid 110 when the upper lid 110 is opened at a semi-opening angle as described above and then further opened, as shown in FIG. 8, the upper lid 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle with respect to the outer frame 100.
- a stopper 180 is formed on the upper lid 110 so as to abut the opening stop portion 150 (specifically, the second arm 170) so that the upper lid 110 does not open any more.
- the second arm 170 is the second arm when the angle at which the upper lid 110 opens with respect to the outer frame 100 does not reach the maximum opening angle (90 °) when the other urging means 145 is fully extended.
- the 170 rotates with respect to the upper lid 110 and comes into contact with the stopper 180, the upper lid 110 is opened up to the maximum opening angle (90 °).
- the stopper 180 comes into contact with the side end A of the second arm 170, so that the upper lid 110 is further opened.
- the first arm 160 urges the second arm 170, and the side end of the urged second arm 170. B comes into contact with the stopper 180.
- the urging force of the other urging means 145 as the first arm 160 is transmitted to the upper lid 110.
- the rotation angle of the upper lid 110 is from the half-open angle (FIG. 7) to 90 ° (FIG. 8)
- the side end of the arm 170 and the stopper 180 are formed so as not to come into contact with each other.
- the opening stop portion 150 is a second arm 160 rotatably connected to the outer frame 100, and a second arm 160 rotatably connected to each of the first arm 160 and the upper lid 110. It is equipped with an arm 170.
- the opening stop portion 150 is formed so that the first arm 160 and the second arm 170 are folded when the upper lid 110 is closed. As a result, the opening stop portion 150 can be stored and arranged in a narrow space around the opening of the opening device 8.
- a lock mechanism 200 that locks the upper lid 110 to the outer frame 100 with the opening 3 closed, and a pedal 130 and a link mechanism 210 as an operation unit 120 that unlocks the lock mechanism 200 are provided. I have. Then, when the lock of the lock mechanism 200 is released by the operation of the operation unit 120, the upper lid 110 is formed so as to be opened by the urging force of the urging means (the urging means 140 and the other urging means 145). As a result, a person who intends to enter or exit the opening 3 operates the operation unit 120 (including stepping on the pedal 130 with the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16) to unlock the lock mechanism 200, and the person can operate the operation unit 120. It is possible to open the upper lid 110 without lifting the upper lid 110 by oneself or the like.
- the upper lid 110 can be opened. Through the opened opening 3, it is possible to smoothly enter and exit downstairs and the like. As a result, the upper lid 110 can be easily opened even in an emergency such as a fire, and evacuation in an emergency can be facilitated.
- the first arm 160 of the opening stop portion 150 is composed of "another urging means 145". That is, the urging force that urges the upper lid 110 in the opening direction is obtained by two urging means, that is, “the urging means 140" and “another urging means 145". Attempting to achieve with one urging means to obtain the urging force requires a large urging means that generates a large urging force, whereas an urging means that generates a smaller urging force is required. By providing two, it is possible to acquire the necessary urging force. In general, a general-purpose product can be used as the urging means for generating a small urging force.
- the upper lid 110 that closes the opening 3 opened in the floor or the like in a horizontal state from above is rotatably connected by a hinge or the like, the upper lid 110 is rotated by rotating the rotation shaft 112 such as the hinge.
- the weight of the upper lid 110 is usually applied when the upper lid 110 is rotated as the center to be lifted, so that the largest force is required. ..
- the upper lid 110 is opened to a certain angle, for example, to the vicinity where the upper lid 110 has a semi-opening angle as described above, after that, it can be opened with a small force without requiring a particularly large force. ..
- the upper lid 110 that closes the two urging means (the urging means 140 and the other urging means 145) having a small urging force in a horizontal state in a horizontal state has a predetermined angle (semi-opening angle). If it is less than, use both of these urging forces to release it. After that, when the upper lid 110 is opened to a predetermined angle (semi-opening angle) and does not require a large urging force, it is opened only by one of the urging means 140 or the other urging means 145. Let me. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the impact when the upper lid 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle.
- the second arm 170 has a case where the angle at which the upper lid 110 opens with respect to the outer frame 100 does not reach the maximum opening angle (90 °) when the other urging means 145 is fully extended.
- the second arm 170 is formed so as to rotate with respect to the upper lid 110 and further open the upper lid 110 to the maximum opening angle.
- the upper lid 110 When the angle at which the upper lid 110 opens with respect to the outer frame 100 does not reach the maximum opening angle (90 °) when the other urging means 145 is fully extended, the upper lid 110 opens with respect to the outer frame 100. It is in a state of having an angle (room). In this state, the upper lid 110 is urged and rotated in the opening direction by the urging force of the “urging means 140”. At that time, the second arm 170 is pulled by the first arm 160 (other urging means 145) because the "other urging means 145" of the first arm 160 is in a fully extended state. The second arm 170 rotates with respect to the upper lid 110.
- the second arm 170 comes into contact with the stopper 180 so that the upper lid 110 does not open any more, so that the second arm The rotation of the 170 is stopped, and the rotation of the second arm 170 is stopped, so that the opening of the upper lid 110 connected to the second arm 170 is stopped.
- the opening is stopped when the upper lid 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle (90 °).
- a first axis C which is a connecting portion between the first arm 160 and the outer frame 100
- a second axis D which is a connecting portion between the second arm 170 and the connecting bracket 113
- a first arm 160 and a second arm The third axis E, which is the connecting portion with the arm 170 of the above, is not aligned in a straight line even when the upper lid 110 is opened to the maximum opening angle. That is, the third axis E is a virtual line connecting the first axis C provided on the outer frame 100 side of the first arm 160 and the second axis D provided on the upper lid 110 side of the second arm 170.
- the first arm 160 and the second arm 170 are provided on the opposite side of the folded side (in the present embodiment, the side closer to the rotation shaft 112 side of the upper lid 110).
- the pedal 130 and the link mechanism 210 are provided as the operation unit 120 for unlocking the lock mechanism 200 by operation.
- the link mechanism 210 is formed so as to connect the two pedals 130 and the lock mechanism 200 and to prevent the lock mechanism 200 from being unlocked unless the two pedals 130 are operated together. ing.
- the pedal 130 has a pedal shaft 134 extending in the horizontal direction as a rotation shaft.
- a link bar 132 that rotationally moves around the pedal shaft 134 (see FIG. 13) together with the pedal 130 is formed on the edge side of the pedal shaft 134 in the horizontal direction.
- One end of the link bar 132 is connected to one end of the link lever 220, which will be described later.
- the link lever 220 corresponds to the "interlocking portion".
- the link mechanism 210 is provided for each of the two pedals 130 described above, and for each of the link bar 132 and the two pedals 130 that rotate around each pedal shaft 134.
- a link lever 220 provided and operated via a link bar 132 in response to an operation of the pedal 130, and a link lever 220 connected to the other end side of each link lever 220 on both ends to operate the pedals 130 on both sides. It includes a rod-shaped (bar-shaped) operating portion 230 that unlocks the lock mechanism 200 when a fixed amount of movement is performed.
- link bars 132 and link levers 220 are provided on the left and right pedals 130, and both ends of the operating portion 230 are connected by the left and right link levers 220, near the center of the operating portion 230.
- a lock mechanism 200 is provided.
- the link bar 132 is located at substantially the same height as the shaft 222 (see FIG. 14).
- the link lever 220 that rotates about the shaft 222 is in a downward-sloping state as shown in FIG. 14, and the end portion of the link lever 220 on the side to which the operating portion 230 is connected is lowered downward. It becomes the position. Therefore, in this state, as shown in FIG. 24, the operating portion 230 is also lowered.
- the lock mechanism 200 is provided on the locking portion 242 that can be locked to a part of the outer frame 100 (specifically, the lock bar 101) and the upper lid 110, and is provided on the upper lid 110 to the outer frame 100 of the locking portion 242.
- a lock member (first lock cam 240) that can switch between a locked state for maintaining locking and an unlocked state for unlocking the locking portion 242 to the outer frame 100 is provided.
- the lock mechanism 200 is a first switch capable of switching between a lock holding state for maintaining the locked state of the lock member 240 and an unlocked state for maintaining the unlocked state of the lock member 240 with the operation of the link mechanism 210. It is equipped with state maintenance means.
- the first state maintaining means 252 has a blocking state that prevents the rotation of the first lock cam 240 in the locked state, and a permissible state that allows the rotation of the first lock cam 240 with the operation of the link mechanism 210. It has a second lock cam 250 that is rotatable between them.
- the lock mechanism 200 includes a second state maintenance means 262 that maintains the unlock maintenance state regardless of the operation of the link mechanism 210 when the first state maintenance means 252 is switched to the unlock maintenance state.
- the second state maintaining means 262 has a third lock cam 260 that prevents the second lock cam 250 from returning to the blocked state when the second lock cam 250 is rotated from the blocked state to the allowable state.
- the lock mechanism 200 will be described in detail.
- the above-mentioned lock bar 101 is a part of the outer frame 100 and is formed in the shape of a cylindrical rod protruding horizontally from the outer frame 100.
- the first lock cam 240 includes a concave groove-shaped locking portion 242 capable of locking the lock bar 101 provided on the outer frame 100. Further, the first lock cam 240 is rotatably formed with the shaft 241 as the center of rotation, and is rotated counterclockwise by a tension spring 244 in which one end is connected to the second lock cam 250 described above. Being urged in the direction.
- the first lock cam 240 has a protrusion 245 that is inserted into a square recess 264 described later of the third lock cam 260 as the second state maintaining means 262 described above. By inserting the protrusion 245 into the square recess 264, it is possible to operate the third lock cam 260 as the second state maintaining means 262. Further, the first lock cam 240 is locked to the concave portion 253 of the second lock cam 250 as the first state maintaining means 252, and a convex portion 243 that regulates the rotation of the first lock cam 240 is formed. There is.
- the second lock cam 250 as the first state maintaining means 252 is rotatably formed with the shaft 251 as the center of rotation, and the convex portion 243 of the first lock cam 240 is locked to lock the first lock cam 250. It has a recess 253 for restricting the rotation of 240 and maintaining the locked state.
- the second lock cam 250 has a square convex portion 254 that projects forward to the outer peripheral portion and regulates the rotation of the third lock cam. Further, the second lock cam 250 is formed by being flipped upward as the operating portion 230 moves upward, and a flip-up piece 255 for rotating the second lock cam 250 is projected rearward.
- the third lock cam 260 as the second state maintaining means 262 is rotatably formed with the shaft 261 as the center of rotation, and is urged by the torsion spring 263 in the counterclockwise rotation direction of FIG. There is. Further, the third lock cam 260 is formed with a square recess 264 in which the protrusion 245 of the first lock cam 240 is inserted.
- FIG. 16 shows the locked state of the locking mechanism 200.
- a force for opening the upper lid 110 in the horizontal state acts by the urging force of the urging means 140 and the other urging means 145 described in the opening device 8 described above.
- the upper lid 110 is attempted to be opened. Due to the force, the upper lid 110 moves in the opening direction, and the first lock cam 240 tries to rotate in the counterclockwise rotation direction of FIG. However, the convex portion 243 of the first lock cam 240 is locked to the concave portion 253 of the second lock cam 250, and the rotation of the first lock cam 240 in the counterclockwise rotation direction is restricted. Therefore, the lock bar 101 is maintained in the locked state by the locking portion 242. As a result, the locked state of the locking mechanism 200 is maintained.
- the flip-up piece 255 of the second lock cam 250 as the first state maintaining means 252 is also flipped up, and the second lock cam 250 rotates in the counterclockwise rotation direction of FIG. Then, the convex portion 243 of the first lock cam 240 comes off from the concave portion 253 of the second lock cam 250, and the first lock cam 240 becomes rotatable in the counterclockwise rotation direction.
- the convex portion 243 of the first lock cam 240 is maintained in a state of not being locked by the concave portion 253 of the second lock cam 250, the rotation of the first lock cam 240 is not restricted, and the state is freely rotatable. maintain. Therefore, the first lock cam 240 rotates in the counterclockwise rotation direction as shown in FIG. 19 by being dragged by the lock bar 101 when the upper lid 110 is opened and under the tension of the tension spring 244. Then, as the first lock cam 240 rotates, the lock bar 101 is disengaged from the inside of the locking portion 242, and the upper lid 110 is completely opened (lifted).
- the protrusion 245 rotates the third lock cam 260 in the clockwise direction.
- the restriction on the clockwise rotation of the second lock cam 250 by the third lock cam 260 is released.
- the convex portion 243 of the first lock cam 240 abuts on the outer peripheral portion of the second lock cam 250, the restriction on the clockwise rotation of the second lock cam 250 is maintained.
- FIG. 22 is a front view of the operating unit 230 in a state where two pedals 130 are operated (two-dot chain line) and a state in which only one pedal (specifically, the left pedal) is operated (solid line). Is.
- the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 22 is the state in which only the pedal 130 on the left side is operated, and specifically, the state shown in FIGS. 23 and 26.
- the operating unit 230 is in a state as shown by the solid line in FIG. 22.
- the moving distance of the operating unit 230 upward is about half the distance L when both pedals 130 are operated, which is a distance L / 2, and the lock state of the lock mechanism 200 is locked. It becomes half L / 2 of the predetermined amount of movement distance L required for releasing.
- the operating portion 230 is flipped up, that is, the upward movement distance is halved and insufficient, and the flip-up piece 255 cannot be flipped up until it can be unlocked. ..
- the present embodiment is a mechanism in which the locked state of the lock mechanism 200 is not released unless the left and right pedals 130 are operated together, and malfunction can be prevented.
- the lock mechanism 200 is operated by stepping on the pedal 130 with a foot or by stepping on the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16 via a link mechanism 210 connecting the pedal 130 and the lock mechanism 200. Can be unlocked. Then, when the lock of the lock mechanism 200 is released, the upper lid 110 can be opened in the opening direction by the urging force of the urging means (the urging means 140 and the other urging means 145).
- the lock mechanism 200 is formed so that the lock is not released unless the two pedals 130 are operated together. Therefore, even if one pedal 130 is operated by a mischief of an infant or the like, or if one foot accidentally steps on one pedal 130, the lock mechanism 200 is not unlocked. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of mischief and malfunction of infants and the like, and it is possible to prevent the upper lid 110 from being accidentally opened.
- the lock mechanism 200 can be easily unlocked and the upper lid can be unlocked.
- the 110 can be opened in the opening direction. As a result, evacuation in an emergency such as a fire or an earthquake can be easily performed only by the user of the wheelchair 16 without an assistant.
- the locking portion 242 provided on the upper lid 110 locks the lock bar 101 provided on the outer frame 100, so that the upper lid 110 can be separated from the outer frame 100.
- the lock mechanism 200 is locked.
- the locking portion 242 provided on the upper lid 110 does not lock the lock bar 101, so that the upper lid 110 can be separated from the outer frame 100, and the locking mechanism 200 can be separated from the outer frame 100.
- the lock is released. Further, the lock mechanism 200 can maintain the locked state by the first state maintaining means 252 maintaining the locked state.
- the second state maintaining means 262 prevents the second lock cam from returning to the blocking state regardless of the operating position of the pedal 130.
- the locked state is locked again. It is possible to prevent the lock mechanism 200 from returning to the locked state by shifting to the state.
- the first lock cam 240 has a locking portion 242 capable of locking a part of the outer frame 100, and by rotating, the locking portion 242 is locked and unlocked. Can be changed.
- the second lock cam 250 as the first state maintaining means 252 locks the locking portion 242 by setting the locking portion 242 in a blocking state that prevents the rotation of the first lock cam 240 in the initial state, and the second lock cam 250.
- the first lock cam 240 can be rotated by rotating the lock cam 250.
- the rotatable third lock cam 260 as the second state maintaining means 262 shifts to the blocking state of the second lock cam 250 when the second lock cam 250 is rotated from the blocking state to the permissible state. Prevent the return.
- the evacuation device 11 having the opening device 8 according to the first embodiment can be applied not only to the wheelchair 16 as described above, but also to a stretcher used for a person who has difficulty in moving in the wheelchair 16.
- the direction in which the outer frame 100 has the boarding edge 6 is referred to as "forward” and the direction having the adjacent edge 7 is referred to as “width direction” in the plan view. Further, the opposite side of the "front” (the direction having the back side edge 7a direction) is defined as the "rear”.
- FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing the pedal 330, the link mechanism 410, and the lock mechanism 400 according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 27, in the opening device 8 according to the second embodiment, the link mechanism 410 and the lock mechanism 400 are changed from the first embodiment, respectively.
- FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the pedal 330 and the link mechanism 410 when the pedal 330 is not depressed
- FIG. 29 is a side view of the pedal 330 and the link mechanism 410 when the pedal 330 is not depressed. Is a side view of the pedal 330 and the link mechanism 410 when the pedal 330 is depressed.
- the opening device 8 of the present embodiment connects a pair of pedals 330 provided on the upper portion of the upper lid 110, lock mechanisms 400 provided on both sides in the width direction on the back side of the upper lid 110, and the pedal 330 and the lock mechanism 400.
- It has a link mechanism 410 and.
- the pedal 330 is rotatably supported by the pedal shaft 334, and the front side can be stepped on by the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16, and the first link pin 336 is placed on the rear side.
- the link mechanism 410 has an interlocking unit 420 that is interlocked with the operation of the pedal 330, and an operating unit 430 that is connected to the interlocking unit 420 and transmits the operation of the pedal 330 to the lock mechanism 400.
- the link mechanism 410 is capable of changing the state of the lock mechanism 400, which will be described later, to a locked state and an unlocked state by operating the pedal 330.
- the pedal 330 includes a link portion 332 that is interlocked according to the operation of the tread plate portion 331. Further, the interlocking portion 420 locks the connecting portion 424 which is connected to the link portion 332 and directly moves, the driven portion 520 which is connected to the connecting portion 424 and moves according to the movement amount of the connecting portion 424, and the lock mechanism 400. It is provided with a guide portion 550 that guides the actuating portion 430 in the direction of releasing.
- the link portion 332 is connected to the first link cam 530 and the first link cam 530 that rotate clockwise according to the depression operation amount of the pedal 330, and the first link unit 332 is connected to the first link cam 530. It is provided with a second link cam 540 that moves linearly in the front-rear direction in response to the rotation of the link cam 530.
- the pedal 330 is pivotally supported by the pedal shaft 334. Further, the pedal 330 has a cylindrical first link pin 336 extending in the width direction on the rear side of the pedal shaft 334. That is, when the front wheel 16B of the wheelchair steps on the front side of the pedal 330, the first link pin 336 moves upward.
- the first link cam 530 is rotatably supported by a link shaft 338. Further, the first link cam 530 has a first elongated hole 534 and a second elongated hole 542 on the front side and the lower side of the link shaft 338.
- the first elongated hole 534 is rotatably inserted with the first link pin 336
- the second elongated hole 542 is provided with a second link pin 532, which will be described later, provided behind and below the link shaft 338. It is rotatably inserted. That is, the first link cam 530 has a structure in which when the first link pin 336 moves upward, the first link cam 530 rotates about the link shaft 338 to transmit the motion to the second link pin 532. There is.
- the second link cam 540 has a cylindrical second link pin 532 extending in the width direction on the front side, and the rear side is connected to the connecting portion 424. As a result, the second link cam 540 transmits the movement of the second link pin 532 to the connecting portion 424.
- the connecting portion 424 is connected to the rear side of each of the second link cams 540, and is also connected to the connecting portion 524 of the driven portion 520 described later. That is, the linear movement of the second link cam 540 is transmitted to the communication unit 524 of the driven unit 520.
- the connecting portion 24 is provided with a return spring 425 for returning to the normal state.
- FIG. 31 is a perspective view of the interlocking portion 420 and the operating portion 430
- FIG. 32 is a plan view of the interlocking portion 420 and the operating portion 430 in a state where the pedal 330 is not depressed
- FIG. 33 is a plan view of the pedal 330.
- FIG. 34 is a plan view in a state where both pedals 330 are stepped on.
- the interlocking unit 420 has a driven unit 520 and a guiding unit 550.
- the driven portion 520 includes a channel steel-shaped elongated member 521 whose longitudinal direction is the width direction of the opening device 8. At both ends of the long member 521, connecting portions 24 connected to the connecting portion 424 are provided. Both ends of the long member 521 are movable in the moving direction of the connecting portion 424, that is, in the front direction (“predetermined direction” in the present embodiment).
- the guide portion 550 is provided at a position at the center in the width direction on the back side of the upper lid 110.
- the guide portion 550 includes a mounting portion 551, a fixed disc 552, a guide disc 554, and a support portion 555.
- a guide hole 553 is formed at a position at the center in the width direction with the front-rear direction as the longitudinal direction.
- a shaft supporting the guide disk 554 is movably inserted into the guide hole 553.
- the mounting portion 551 is provided with a pair of fixed disks 552 on the outer side in the width direction with respect to the induction disk 554.
- an inner wire 434 which will be described later, is hung in the marginal groove of the induction disk 554 in a state of having tension.
- the pair of fixed disks 552 guide the inner wire 434 which will be described later.
- the support portion 555 is provided in the middle portion 522 in the center of the driven portion 520 in the width direction.
- the support portion 555 extends rearward, and an induction disk 554 is attached to the rear end portion. That is, the guide disk 554 moves in the front-rear direction together with the intermediate portion 522 of the driven portion 520.
- the guide hole 553 of the mounting portion 551 is formed with the front-rear direction as the longitudinal direction, the axis of the guide disk 554 moves in the front-rear direction along the guide hole 553. Therefore, when the support portion 555 provided in the middle portion 522 of the driven portion 520 moves, the intermediate portion of the inner wire 434 of the operating portion 430 is pulled forward by the guide disk 554.
- the guide disk 554 may be connected to the intermediate portion 522 of the driven portion 520.
- the operating portion 430 has a pair of outer tubes 432, an inner wire 434, and a connecting portion 436.
- the inner wire 434 is connected to the lock mechanism 400 described later by the connecting portion 436. Further, the tension of the inner wire 434 is adjusted by the adjuster 402 (see FIG. 36) provided in the lock mechanism 400.
- the outer tube 432 is a flexible tubular body having incompressibility in the longitudinal direction, and is arranged between the lock mechanism 400 and the mounting portion 551, which will be described later.
- the middle portion of the inner wire 434 is hung on the guide disk 554 and the pair of fixed disks 552, and the inner wire 434 is inserted into the inside of the pair of outer tubes 432, respectively.
- the connecting portions 436 are provided on both ends of the inner wire 434 and connect the pair of locking mechanisms 400 and the inner wire 434.
- the connecting portions 524 at both ends move in the forward direction, so that the entire long member 521 also moves in the forward direction. It will move.
- the guide disk 554 connected to the support portion 555 moves in the forward direction as the long member 521 of the driven portion 520 moves.
- the moving distance of the intermediate portion 522 of the driven portion 520 is L.
- the pedal 330 when the pedal 330 is depressed on only one side, the corresponding connecting portion 524 moves forward, so that one side of the long member 521 tilts forward.
- the induction disk 554 moves forward as the long member 521 tilts.
- the amount of movement of the intermediate portion 522 of the driven portion 520 is about half the L / 2 when both pedals 330 are depressed. Therefore, the amount by which the intermediate portion of the inner wire 434 of the operating portion 430 is towed by the guide disk 554, that is, the amount of movement of the connecting portion 436 is about half that when both pedals 330 are depressed.
- lock mechanism 400 Subsequently, the lock mechanism 400 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 35 to 41 as appropriate.
- the lock bars 101 are provided on both sides in the width direction of the outer frame 100, and a pair of lock mechanisms 400 are provided on both sides in the width direction on the inner surface of the upper lid 110, but only one side will be described below.
- FIG. 35 is a partial perspective view of the lock mechanism 400
- FIGS. 36 to 41 are partial vertical cross-sectional views of the lock mechanism 400 showing the case where the lock mechanism 400 is in the locked state and the unlocked state.
- FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional side view of the lock mechanism 400, and the left side of the drawing is the “outside in the width direction” of the opening device 8.
- the lock mechanism 400 includes a lock cam support member 480, a lock member (first lock cam 440) supported by the lock cam support member 480, a first state maintenance means (second lock cam 450), and a second state maintenance. It has an urging member (tension spring 460) which is a means.
- the lock cam support member 480 has a shaft 441 on which the first lock cam 440 is pivotally supported and a shaft 451 on which the second lock cam 450 is pivotally supported. Further, the shaft 451 is provided inside the opening device 8 in the width direction with respect to the shaft 441. Further, the lock cam support member 480 is formed with a first guide portion 484 and a second guide portion 485, which are elongated holes. The upper portion of the lock cam support member 480 is fixed to the inside of the upper lid 110 (that is, the lower surface side of the upper lid 110).
- the first guide portion 484 is formed in an arc shape on the outer side in the width direction from the shaft 441, and is notched downward from the lower end of the arc shape.
- the arcuate portion of the first guide portion 484 has a concentric edge with respect to the shaft 441, and the first hook portion 449 provided on the first lock cam 440 described later is used as the first lock cam. It guides with the rotation of 440.
- the upper end of the first guide portion 484 is formed to the same height as the shaft 451. That is, when the lock mechanism 400 is in the locked state, it is preferable that the first hook portion 449 is at the same height position as the shaft 451.
- the second guide portion 485 is an elongated hole formed in an arc shape inside the shaft 451 in the width direction.
- the second guide portion 485 has a concentric edge with respect to the shaft 451 and causes the second hook portion 459 provided on the second lock cam 450, which will be described later, to rotate with the rotation of the second lock cam 450. invite.
- the second guide portion 485 is formed with holes up and down with respect to the shaft 451.
- the first lock cam 440 is a slide provided between the first hook portion 449, the locking portion 442, the first recess 446, the second recess 447, the first recess 446, and the second recess 447. It has a moving part 448 and.
- the first lock cam 440 is rotatably supported by a shaft 441.
- the first hooking portion 449 is located outside and above the shaft 441 in the width direction in the locked state.
- the first hooking portion 449 is, for example, a columnar member extending in a direction orthogonal to the width direction, that is, in the front-rear direction, and is inserted through the first guide portion 484.
- the first hooking portion 449 may be integrally formed with the first lock cam 440, or may be a separate body.
- the first concave portion 446 locks the convex portion 456 of the second lock cam 450, which will be described later, in the locked state.
- the second concave portion 447 locks the convex portion 456 of the second lock cam 450 in the unlocked state as shown in FIG. 39.
- the sliding portion 448 has a curved surface that allows the first lock cam 440 to rotate in a state where the convex portion 456 of the second lock cam 450 is in contact with the sliding portion 448.
- the locking portion 442 is an elongated hole opened on the outer side in the width direction of the first lock cam 440 in the locked state, and locks the lock bar 101 in the locked state.
- the second lock cam 450 has a second hook portion 459 and a convex portion 456.
- the second lock cam 450 is rotatably supported by a shaft 451 inside the width direction with respect to the first lock cam 440.
- the second hook portion 459 is located inside and below the width direction of the shaft 451 in the locked state.
- the second hooking portion 459 is, for example, a columnar member extending in a direction orthogonal to the width direction, that is, in the front-rear direction, and is inserted through a second guide portion 485 formed in the lock cam support member 480.
- the second hook portion 459 may be formed integrally with the second lock cam 450, or may be a separate body.
- the second lock cam 450 is connected to the connecting portion 436 of the operating portion 430 below the shaft 451. That is, when the inner wire 434 of the operating portion 430 is pulled, the second lock cam 450 rotates counterclockwise in the figure.
- the first hooking portion 449 and the second hooking portion 459 are urged in a direction close to each other by a tension spring 460 as an example of the urging member.
- a tension spring 460 as an example of the urging member.
- one end side of the tension spring 460 is hooked on the first hook portion 449 of the first lock cam 440
- the other end side of the tension spring 460 is hooked on the second hook portion 459 of the second lock cam 450. Is hooked on.
- the tension spring 460 urges the first hooking portion 449 and the second hooking portion 459 in the approaching direction in a state where the tension spring 460 is located below the shaft 451. That is, the rotation of the second lock cam 450 is suppressed by being urged in the direction of rotating clockwise.
- this state corresponds to the "blocking state" in which the rotation of the first lock cam 440 is blocked.
- the tension spring 460 moves to the opposite side of the position of the tension spring 460 in the blocking state with the shaft 451 sandwiched between the positions in the blocking state, and the tension spring 460.
- the second lock cam 450 is suppressed from rotating clockwise in the figure in the opposite direction, and the state of being rotated clockwise from the initial state is maintained. Therefore, the second lock cam 450, which has been changed to the unlocked state once, returns to the blocking state shown in FIG. 36 by the tension spring 460 even when both the depressed pedals 330 are returned to the original state. It is suppressed and maintains the permissible state shown in FIG. 37.
- the upper lid 110 is urged as shown in FIG. 38, as in the opening device 8 according to the first embodiment. It is rotated in the opening direction by the means 140.
- the first lock cam 440 moves upward while being rotated counterclockwise in the drawing by the lock bar 101 fixed to the outer frame 100.
- the lock bar 101 is disengaged from the locking portion 442 of the first lock cam 440.
- the first hook portion 449 also moves downward.
- the tension spring 460 connecting the first hooking portion 449 and the second hooking portion 459 is located below the second lock cam 450 locking shaft, and is seconded by the urging force of the tension spring 460.
- the hooking portion 459 of the second lock cam 450 rotates the second lock cam 450 clockwise in the figure.
- the convex portion 456 of the second lock cam 450 is in a state of engaging with the second concave portion 447 of the first lock cam 440. Then, the postures of the first lock cam 440 and the second lock cam 450 are maintained by the urging force of the tension spring 460.
- the lock bar 101 rotates the first lock cam 440 in the clockwise direction in the figure.
- the first hooking portion 449 and the second hooking portion 459 are urged by the tension spring 460 in the direction in which the first lock cam 440 is rotated counterclockwise and the second lock cam 450 is rotated clockwise.
- the first lock cam 440 can rotate in the clockwise direction in the figure while the convex portion 456 of the second lock cam 450 abuts on the sliding portion 448 of the first lock cam 440. ..
- the first lock cam 440 rotates without being suppressed.
- the first lock cam 440 is rotated to the same angle as in FIG. That is, the lock bar 101 is locked by the locking portion 442.
- the convex portion 456 of the second lock cam 450 is engaged with the first concave portion 446 again after sliding the sliding portion 448 of the first lock cam 440.
- the second lock cam 450 rotates to the same angle as in FIG. 36. Therefore, the rotation of the first lock cam 440 is suppressed again by the second lock cam 450 and changes to the "blocked state".
- the second lock cam convex portion 456 is the first lock cam. It does not come off from the first recess 446 of 440. That is, since the second lock cam 450 does not change to the "allowable state", the first lock cam 440 does not rotate. Then, when the pedal 330, which is operated only on one side, is returned from the state shown in FIG. 41 (the front wheel 16b of the wheelchair 16 is removed from the pedal 330), the second lock cam 450 is pulled by the tension spring 460. Be done. As a result, the second lock cam 450 returns to the state shown in FIG.
- the moving distance of the guide disk 554 and the connecting portion 436 when only one pedal 330 is depressed is half that of the moving distance when both pedals 330 are depressed. It becomes L / 2. That is, the amount of movement of the guide disk 554 and the connecting portion 436 can be changed depending on whether the pedal 330 is depressed on only one side or both. As a result, the amount of movement of the guide disk 554 and the connecting portion 436 when only one of the pedals 330 is depressed is set to less than the predetermined amount, and the amount of movement of the guiding disk 554 and the connecting portion 436 when both of the pedals 330 are depressed. Can be set to be greater than or equal to a predetermined amount.
- the lock mechanism 400 according to the present embodiment is provided on both sides in the width direction inside the upper lid 110. Therefore, the lock bar 101 is fixed not on the boarding edge 6 side, which is the boarding port, but on the adjacent edge 7 side adjacent to both outer sides of the boarding edge 6.
- link mechanism 410 and the lock mechanism 400 By using the link mechanism 410 and the lock mechanism 400 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom in designing the boarding margin 6 side with respect to the link mechanism 410 and the lock mechanism 400 according to the first embodiment. Further, it is possible to obtain the effect of preventing the evacuees from coming into contact with the lock bar 101 when getting on the lift platform 5.
- the pedal 330 and the driven portion 520 are indirectly connected via the connecting portion 424, but the link mechanism 410 according to the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- the pedal 330 and the driven portion 520 may be directly connected without providing the connecting portion 424.
- the operating portion 430 of the link mechanism 410 pulled and rotated the lock member 440 of the lock mechanism 400 by pulling the inner wire 434, but the link mechanism 410 according to the present embodiment includes this.
- the operating portion 430 may be a rod-shaped member, and when the driven portion 520 moves by a predetermined amount, the rod-shaped member may move outward in the width direction and push the second lock cam 450 to rotate it.
- a pair of lock mechanisms 400 are provided on both sides in the width direction, but the lock mechanism 400 according to the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- One or more lock mechanisms 400 can be appropriately arranged with respect to the upper lid 110 according to the specifications of the opening device 8.
- a total of three locking mechanisms 400 can be arranged in the front direction.
- lock mechanisms 400 may be provided.
- the opening device 8 is further provided with a lock mechanism 400 for connecting the inner wire 434 and the second lock cam 450 at a portion other than the connecting portion 524 as long as it is within the length of the operating portion 430. It may be provided with three or more locking mechanisms 400.
- the intermediate portion 522 is defined as the center in the width direction of the driven portion 520, but the intermediate portion 522 according to the present embodiment is not limited to this. That is, it may be located between the pair of connecting portions 524, and may be provided at a position away from the center in the width direction of the driven portion 520 according to the specifications of the opening device 8.
- the communication unit 524 is defined as both end portions of the driven unit 520, but the communication unit 524 according to the present embodiment is not limited to this. That is, it suffices to sandwich the intermediate portion 522 in a state of being separated from each other in the width direction of the driven portion 520, and the driven portion 520 is provided at a position away from both sides in the width direction according to the specifications of the opening device 8. May be good.
- the actuating portion 430 is a pair of outer tubes 432 and a single inner wire 434 inserted through the pair of outer tubes 432.
- a pair of inner wires 434 may be provided, and the locks of the lock mechanisms 400 on both the left and right sides may be released by the respective inner wires 434.
- the operating portion 430 included in the opening device 8 according to the present embodiment is not limited to one.
- a plurality of operating portions 430 may be arranged in parallel with respect to a pair or three or more locking mechanisms 400, and the guiding disc 554 may pull each operating portion 430 with a single operation.
- a plurality of operating portions 430 may be arranged in parallel with respect to one locking mechanism 400, and each operating portion 430 may be pulled by the guide disk 554 in a single operation.
- This disclosure can be used as an opening device for evacuation hatches, entrances, etc. provided in corridors, balconies, roofs, etc. of buildings.
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Abstract
Description
また、上蓋付きの開口装置に設置する避難装置として、救助袋や折畳み式の梯子や垂直降下式のエレベータ近似の装置も検討されている。
この種の開口装置が幼児の目に触れる場所に設置されていると、幼児が上蓋を開放して悪戯するおそれがある。
そこで、幼児の非力な引き上げ力による上蓋の開放を確実に防止して、安全性を高めるとともに、幼児等を除く普通程度の大人の引き上げ力による上蓋の開放を許容して、緊急避難時には速やかに上蓋を開放することができる開口装置が検討されている(特開平11-290470号公報参照。)。
これにより、床面にある上蓋まで手を伸ばして自らの手でロック状態を解除し、当該上蓋を持ち上げて開放することができないような車椅子の利用者等が足や車椅子の前輪等でペダルを操作することで、上蓋を開放することができる。
まず、図1A及び図1Bに示すように、第1実施形態に係る開口装置8及び当該開口装置8に設けられた避難装置11は、非常時に上階の廊下やベランダから下階の廊下やベランダへと避難するために使用されるものである。開口装置8は、上階側の床基部2に嵌合固定されて避難用の開口3を形成する外枠100を有する。
柱1に沿って降下して下階床面4に着地する避難位置との間で昇降駆動される。
ピニオン13は、ガイド支柱1のラック溝15に噛合する。なお、遠心ブレーキを用いてピニオン13が回転することにより、動作してその回転速度を制限する装置を設けるようにしてもよい。
したがって、昇降台5が待機位置にあるとき、上記ストッパ装置を介して、昇降台5の降下を規制する。
この状態から手動解除操作部29を手動で操作することにより、ストッパ装置を手動で解除することで、昇降台5の降下が開始する。
上蓋110により開口3を閉塞可能な開口装置8の機構について以下に説明する。
本実施形態に係る開口装置8は、図1~図9に示すように、人が出入り可能な開口3を有する外枠100と、一端側が外枠100に回動可能に軸支されて開口3を閉塞可能な上蓋110と、開口3を塞いだ状態で上蓋110を外枠100にロックするロック機構200と、このロック機構200のロックを解除する操作部120(具体的にはペダル130)と、外枠100と上蓋110とを接続し、上蓋110の開放を最大開放角度(具体的には、90°)で止める開放停止部150と、上蓋110を開放方向に付勢する付勢手段140とを備えている。
そして、開放停止部150は、外枠100に回動可能に連結された第1のアーム160と、この第1のアーム160及び上蓋110の各々に回動可能に連結された第2のアーム170とを備えている。
そして、上蓋110を閉じる際には第1のアーム160と第2のアーム170とが折り畳まれるように形成され、ロック機構200のロックを操作部120の操作により解除すると、付勢手段140、他の付勢手段145により上蓋110が開放されるように形成されている。
図4Aは、上蓋110の平面図、図4Bは、上蓋110の部分拡大平面図であって、上蓋110は、図5に示すように、左側の高さが低く、右側の方が高さが高く形成されている。
図5~図8に示すように、上蓋110は、上蓋110の高さが高い側の端縁側が、回転軸112を介して、外枠100に回動可能に軸支されている。なお、外枠100は、ケース21と一体に形成されている。本実施形態に係る上蓋110は、図8に示すように、後述するように外枠100に対して90°(最大開放角度)まで回動可能に形成されている。
図4A、図4B、図5及び図6に示すように、上蓋110の回転軸112が設けてある端縁側に、外枠100と上蓋110の回転軸112側とを連結する付勢手段140が設けてある。この付勢手段140は、ガススプリングであって、内部に充填したガスの圧力によりシリンダ141内のピストンロッド142を押し出す方向に付勢力を作用させる。
この開放停止部150は、外枠100に回動可能に連結された第1のアーム160と、この第1のアーム160及び上蓋110の各々に回動可能に連結された第2のアーム170とを備えている。
本実施形態では、第1のアーム160は、上述した付勢手段140とは異なる「他の付勢手段145」からなる。この他の付勢手段145も、上述した付勢手段140と同様にガススプリングであって、内部に充填したガスの圧力によりシリンダ146内のピストンロッド147を押し出す方向に付勢力を作用させる。また、第2のアーム170は、付勢手段ではなく、断面略U字型の棒状部材からなる。
また、本実施形態では、第1のアーム160と、第2のアーム170とのうち、第1のアーム160が他の付勢手段145からなり、第2のアーム170が棒状部材からなるが、特にこれに限定されるものではない。具体的には、例えば、両者の構造を逆にして、第2のアーム170を他の付勢手段145により形成し、第1のアーム160を棒状部材により形成することができる。この場合、ストッパ180を外枠100に設けて第1のアーム160に当接させる構造としてもよい。
なお、ロック機構の内容は後で詳細に説明する。ロック機構200のロックが解除されると、図5及び図6に示すような水平状態の上蓋110には、付勢手段140及び第1のアーム160としての他の付勢手段145の両方の付勢力、具体的には、左右の合計4本の付勢手段(2本の付勢手段140及び2本の他の付勢手段145)の付勢力により、上蓋110が開放される方向に力が加わり、回転軸112を回転の中心として、上蓋110が開放される方向に回動する。
すなわち、本実施形態に係る第1のアーム160は、ガススプリングとして最大作動長までピストンロッド147を延出する他の付勢手段145である。そして、この他の付勢手段145の延出中における第2のアーム170は、ストッパ180に図7に示すB点において当接し、他の付勢手段145に対して折り畳まれる方向に押圧される。なお、第1のアーム160は、最大作動長までピストンロッド147を延出するまで、すなわち、図6から図7に示す間、当該B点において、ストッパ180と当接していることになる。
そして、第2のアーム170は、他の付勢手段145が前記最大作動長に達し、かつ前記付勢手段140により他の付勢手段145に対して展開される方向に回転した場合、ストッパ180に図8に示すA点で当接することにより、最大開放角度を維持することが可能となる。
すなわち、ストッパ180は、上蓋110が、最大開放角度まで開放した場合に第2のアーム170のA点に当接して更なる回動を規制している。
上述したように、上蓋110が水平状態から半開放角度開放された後、さらに上蓋110を開放させようとする場合には、付勢手段140による付勢力により、上蓋110がさらに開放されることになる。
なお、当該第1のアーム160は、伸びきっているので、これ以上ピストンロッド147が外方に突出することはないが、第1のアーム160の先端側に連結されている第2のアーム170が図7、図8に示すように、第1のアーム160に対して回動する。これにより、上蓋110をさらに開放させることが可能となる。
第2のアーム170は、他の付勢手段145が伸びきった状態において上蓋110が外枠100に対して開放する角度が最大開放角度(90°)に未到達である場合、第2のアーム170が上蓋110に対して回動してストッパ180に当接することで、上蓋110を最大開放角度(90°)まで開放する。
本実施形態では、上述したような開口装置8を有することで以下に示すような作用及び効果を奏する。
これにより、開放停止部150を開口装置8の開口周囲の狭いスペースに収納配置することが可能となる。
一般的に、小さな付勢力を発生する付勢手段は、汎用品を使用できる。
次に上述したロック機構200について図9~図26を用いて詳細に説明する。
ロック機構200のロックを解除する場合には、図9に示すように、上蓋110の左側の端縁側から、左右のペダル130の端を車椅子16の左右の前輪16bで、上から踏み込んで操作する。
図10及び図11に示すように、前記リンク機構210は、2つのペダル130とロック機構200とをつなぐと共に、2つのペダル130を共に操作しないとロック機構200のロックが解除されないように形成されている。
ロック機構200は、外枠100の一部(具体的には、ロックバー101)に対して係止可能な係止部242と、上蓋110に設けられ、係止部242の外枠100への係止を維持するロック状態と係止部242の外枠100への係止を解除可能なアンロック状態とを切替可能なロック部材(第1のロックカム240)を備えている。
更に、ロック機構200は、ロック部材240のロック状態を維持するロック維持状態と、リンク機構210の作動に伴いロック部材240のアンロック状態を維持するアンロック維持状態とを切替可能な第1の状態維持手段を備えている。
この第1の状態維持手段252は、ロック状態において第1のロックカム240の回動を阻止する阻止状態と、リンク機構210の作動に伴い第1のロックカム240の回動を許容する許容状態と、の間で回動可能とする第2のロックカム250を有している。
この第2の状態維持手段262は、第2のロックカム250が阻止状態から許容状態に回動された場合、第2のロックカム250の阻止状態への復帰を阻止する第3のロックカム260を有する。
図16に示すように、上述したロックバー101は、外枠100の一部であって、外枠100から水平方向に突出する円柱棒状に形成されている。
前記第1のロックカム240は、外枠100に設けたロックバー101を係止可能な凹溝状の係止部242を備えている。
また、この第1のロックカム240は、軸241を回転の中心として回動可能に形成されるとともに、上述した第2のロックカム250に一方の端部が連結された引張ばね244により、反時計回転方向に付勢されている。
また、この第1のロックカム240は、第1の状態維持手段252としての第2のロックカム250の凹部253に係止されて当該第1のロックカム240の回転を規制する凸部243が形成されている。
また、第2のロックカム250は、作動部230が上方へ移動するに伴って、上方へ跳ね上げられて、第2のロックカム250を回転させる跳ね上げ片255が後方に突出して形成されている。
本実施形態では、上述した開口装置8で説明した付勢手段140及び他の付勢手段145の付勢力により、水平状態の上蓋110を開放しようとする力が作用している。
また、第1のロックカム240の回転に伴い、突部245が第3のロックカム260を時計方向に回転させる。これにより、第3のロックカム260による第2のロックカム250の時計方向への回転の規制は解除される。一方、第1のロックカム240の凸部243が第2のロックカム250の外周部に当接するため、第2のロックカム250の時計方向への回転の規制は維持される。
第1のロックカム240が、時計回転方向に回転すると、引張ばね244の引張力により、第2のロックカム250は、図21に示すように時計回転方向に回転して、図16と同様のロック状態に戻る。
図22は、2つのペダル130が操作されている状態(2点鎖線)及び1つのペダル(具体的には、左側のペダル)だけが操作されている状態(実線)の作動部230の正面図である。
また、第1の状態維持手段252が、前記ロック状態を維持することで、ロック機構200がロック状態を維持することができる。
また、第1の状態維持手段252としての第2のロックカム250は、初期状態において第1のロックカム240の回動を阻止する阻止状態とすることで係止部242をロック状態とし、当該第2のロックカム250が回動することで第1のロックカム240を回動可能とする。
また、第2の状態維持手段262としての回動可能な第3のロックカム260は、第2のロックカム250が阻止状態から許容状態に回動された場合、第2のロックカム250の阻止状態への復帰を阻止する。
次に第2実施形態について、図27~図41を適宜引用しながら説明する。なお、第1実施形態と同じ構成には同じ符号を付すこととし、詳細な説明は割愛する。以下、第1実施形態との相違点について説明する。
まず図28~図32を参照して、第2実施形態に係るペダル330及びリンク機構410の構成を説明する。
図28は、ペダル330を踏み込んでいない状態におけるペダル330及びリンク機構410の斜視図であり、図29は、ペダル330を踏み込んでいない状態におけるペダル330及びリンク機構410の側面図であり、図30は、ペダル330を踏んだ状態におけるペダル330及びリンク機構410の側面図である。
リンク機構410は、ペダル330の操作に連動する連動部420と、連動部420に接続されてペダル330の操作をロック機構400に伝達する作動部430と、を有している。リンク機構410は、ペダル330の操作に伴い、後述するロック機構400の状態を、ロック状態とアンロック状態とに変更可能とされている。
ペダル330は、踏板部331の操作に応じて連動するリンク部332を備えている。また、連動部420は、リンク部332に接続されて直動する連結部424と、連結部424に接続され、連結部424の移動量に応じて移動する従動部520と、ロック機構400のロックを解除する方向に作動部430を誘導する誘導部550とを備えている。
図28及び図29に示すように、ペダル330は、ペダル軸334に軸支されている。また、ペダル330は、幅方向に伸びる円柱形状の第1のリンクピン336をペダル軸334の後方側に有している。すなわち、ペダル330の前方側を車椅子の前輪16Bが踏みつけたとき、第1のリンクピン336が上方に移動する構造とされている。
第1のリンクカム530は、リンク軸338によって回動可能に軸支されている。また第1のリンクカム530は、リンク軸338の前方かつ下方側に第1の長孔534と、第2の長孔542を有している。第1の長孔534は、第1のリンクピン336が回動可能に挿入され、第2の長孔542はリンク軸338の後方かつ下方側に設けられた後述する第2のリンクピン532が回動可能に挿入されている。すなわち、第1のリンクカム530は、第1のリンクピン336が上方に移動した場合、リンク軸338を中心に回動することで、第2のリンクピン532に運動を伝達する構造とされている。
第2のリンクカム540は、幅方向に伸びる円柱形状の第2のリンクピン532を前方側に有すると共に、後方側が連結部424に接続されている。これにより、第2のリンクカム540は、第2のリンクピン532の運動を連結部424に伝達する。
第2のリンクカム540が前方向に移動することによって、第2のリンクカム540の後端側に接続された連結部424も同様に前方向に移動する。
図31は、連動部420及び作動部430の斜視図であり、図32は、連動部420及び作動部430の、ペダル330を踏み込んでいない状態における平面図であり、図33は、ペダル330を片方(右側)のみ踏んだ状態における平面図、図34は、ペダル330を両方とも踏んだ状態における平面図である。
取付部551は、幅方向中央の位置に誘導孔553が前後方向を長手方向として形成されている。また、誘導孔553には、誘導円盤554を支持する軸が移動可能に挿通されている。また、取付部551には、誘導円盤554に対して幅方向外側に一対の固定円盤552が設けられている。
また、誘導円盤554の縁溝には、後述するインナーワイヤ434が張力を有した状態で掛けられている。
また、一対の固定円盤552は、後述するインナーワイヤ434を案内する。
なお、誘導円盤554は、従動部520の中途部522に接続されていてもよい。
アウターチューブ432は、長手方向に非圧縮性を有する可撓性の筒体であり、後述するロック機構400と取付部551との間にそれぞれ配置されている。
インナーワイヤ434は、その中間部が誘導円盤554と一対の固定円盤552とに掛けられると共に、一対のアウターチューブ432の内側にそれぞれ挿通されている。
接続部436は、インナーワイヤ434の両端側に設けられ、一対のロック機構400とインナーワイヤ434とを接続する。
ここで、図33に示された状態のように、ペダル330を両方とも踏み込んだ場合、従動部520は、両端の連絡部524が前方向に移動するため、長尺部材521全体も前方向に移動することとなる。
この場合、長尺部材521が傾くことにより、誘導円盤554が前方に移動する。しかし、従動部520の中途部522の移動量は、ペダル330を両方とも踏み込んだ場合の約半分のL/2となる。
したがって、作動部430のインナーワイヤ434の中間部が誘導円盤554によって牽引される量、すなわち接続部436の移動量は、ペダル330を両方とも踏み込んだ場合の約半分となる。
続いて、図35~図41を適宜参照しながら、本実施形態に係るロック機構400について説明する。なお、ロックバー101は、外枠100における幅方向両側にそれぞれ設けられ、ロック機構400は、上蓋110の内面における幅方向両側に一対設けられているが、以下では片側のみ説明する。
なお、第1の案内部484の上端は、軸451と同等の高さまで形成されている。すなわち、ロック機構400がロック状態の場合において、第1の引掛部449が軸451と同等の高さ位置にあることが好ましい。
なお、第2の案内部485は、軸451に対して上方及び下方まで孔が形成されている。
図36に示すように、第1凹部446はロック状態において、後述する第2のロックカム450の凸部456を係止する。また、第2凹部447は、図39に示すようにロック解除状態において、第2のロックカム450の凸部456を係止する。
摺動部448は、第2のロックカム450の凸部456が当接された状態で、第1のロックカム440を回動可能にする曲面とされている。
係止部442は、ロック状態において第1のロックカム440の幅方向外側が開口された長孔であり、ロック状態においてロックバー101を係止する。
また、図36に示すように、第2のロックカム450は、軸451よりも下方で作動部430の接続部436と接続されている。すなわち、作動部430のインナーワイヤ434が牽引されたとき、第2のロックカム450は、図の反時計方向に回動する。
また、図36に示すように、第1の引掛部449及び第2の引掛部459は、付勢部材の一例としての引張ばね460によって互いに近接する方向に付勢されている。具体的には、引張ばね460の一端側は、第1のロックカム440の第1の引掛部449に引っ掛けられ、引張ばね460の他端側は、第2のロックカム450の第2の引掛部459に引っ掛けられている。
また、図37の状態では、第2のロックカム450が回動することにより、第2の引掛部459は、軸451に対して幅方向内側上方に移動し、第2のロックカム450によって回動が許容される。すなわち、本実施形態では、この状態が第1のロックカム440の回動を許容する「許容状態」に相当する。
したがって、1度アンロック状態に変更された第2のロックカム450は、踏み込まれたペダル330が両方とも元の状態に戻された場合においても、引張ばね460によって図36の阻止状態に戻ることを抑制され、図37の許容状態を保つ。
この場合、第1のロックカム440は、外枠100に固定されているロックバー101によって図の反時計方向に回動させられながら、上方に移動する。これにより、ロックバー101が第1のロックカム440の係止部442から外れる。
また、第1のロックカム440が図の反時計方向に回動する状態では、第1の引掛部449も下方に移動する。これにより、第1の引掛部449と第2の引掛部459とを結ぶ引張ばね460は、第2のロックカム450係止軸よりも下方に位置することとなり、引張ばね460の付勢力によって第2の引掛部459が第2のロックカム450を図の時計回りに回転させる。
さらに、ロックバー101が第1ロック機構400から外れた状態では、第2のロックカム450の凸部456は、第1のロックカム440の第2凹部447に係合した状態となる。そして、引張ばね460の付勢力によって第1のロックカム440及び第2のロックカム450の姿勢が保たれる。
ここで、第1のロックカム440は、第2のロックカム450の凸部456が第1のロックカム440の摺動部448に当接しながら、図の時計方向へ回動することが可能とされている。これにより第1のロックカム440が抑制されずに回動する。
上蓋110を完全に閉じた状態では、第1のロックカム440は、図36と同様の角度まで回動される。すなわち、ロックバー101が係止部442によって係止される。
そして、図41に示す状態から片方だけ操作されているペダル330が元に戻された(ペダル330から車椅子16の前輪16bが取り除かれた)場合、第2のロックカム450は、引張ばね460によって引っ張られる。これにより、第2のロックカム450は図36の状態に戻る。
次に、本実施形態に係るリンク機構410及びロック機構400による作用及び効果を示す。
すなわち、ペダル330を片方だけ踏み込んだ場合と、両方とも踏み込んだ場合とによって誘導円盤554及び接続部436の移動量を変化させることができる。
これにより、ペダル330を片方だけ踏み込んだ場合における誘導円盤554及び接続部436の移動量を所定量に満たない量とし、ペダル330を両方とも踏み込んだ場合における誘導円盤554及び接続部436の移動量が所定量以上となるよう設定することができる。
また、本実施形態に係るリンク機構410及びロック機構400について変形例を説明する。
また、本実施形態に係る開口装置8が有する作動部430は、一つに限定されない。例えば、一対又は3つ以上のロック機構400に対し、作動部430を並列に複数配置し、それぞれの作動部430を誘導円盤554が一度の操作で牽引する機構としてもよい。
また、他の例として、一つのロック機構400に対し、作動部430を並列に複数配置し、それぞれの作動部430を誘導円盤554が一度の操作で牽引する機構としてもよい。
Claims (9)
- 人が出入り可能な開口を有する外枠と、
一端側が前記外枠に回動可能に軸支されて前記開口を閉塞可能な上蓋と、
前記開口を塞いだ状態で前記上蓋を前記外枠にロックするロック機構と、
前記上蓋に設けられたペダルと、
前記ペダルと前記ロック機構とを接続し、前記ペダルの操作により前記ロック機構のロックを解除させるリンク機構と、
前記ペダルの操作に伴い前記ロック機構のロックが解除された場合に前記上蓋を開放方向に回動させる付勢手段と、
を備える開口装置。 - 前記リンク機構は、
前記ペダルの操作に連動する連動部と、
前記ペダルの操作に伴い、移動量が所定量に満たない場合に前記ロック機構のロックを解除させず、所定量移動した場合に前記ロック機構のロックを解除させる作動部と、
を備える請求項1に記載の開口装置。 - 前記ペダルは前記上蓋に2つ設けられ、
前記作動部は、2つの前記ペダルのうちの一方を操作した場合は移動量が前記所定量に満たず、2つの前記ペダルを共に操作した場合は移動量が前記所定量以上となる、
請求項2に記載の開口装置。 - 前記連動部は、
互いに離間した連絡部において前記ペダルが直接的又は間接的に接続され、かつ前記ペダルの操作により対応する前記連絡部が所定方向に移動する従動部と、
前記従動部における2つの前記連絡部間の中途部に接続され、かつ前記中途部が前記所定方向へ移動した場合に前記作動部を前記ロック機構のロックを解除する方向に誘導する誘導部と、
を備える請求項3に記載の開口装置。 - 前記作動部は、複数の前記ロック機構に接続され、
前記誘導部は、前記作動部を誘導して各前記ロック機構のロックを同時に解除させる、
請求項4に記載の開口装置。 - 前記ロック機構は、
前記外枠に対して係止可能な係止部と、
前記上蓋に設けられ、前記係止部の前記外枠への係止を維持するロック状態と前記係止部の前記外枠への係止を解除可能なアンロック状態とを切替可能なロック部材と、
前記ロック部材の前記ロック状態を維持するロック維持状態と、前記リンク機構の作動に伴い前記ロック部材のアンロック状態を維持するアンロック維持状態とを切替可能な第1の状態維持手段と、
前記第1の状態維持手段が前記アンロック維持状態に切り替えられた場合、前記リンク機構の作動に関わらず前記アンロック維持状態を維持する第2の状態維持手段と、
を備える請求項1、2、3、4又は5に記載の開口装置。 - 前記ロック機構は、
前記係止部を有し、かつ回動することで前記係止部の前記ロック状態及び前記アンロック状態を変更可能な前記ロック部材としての第1のロックカムを備え、
前記第1の状態維持手段は、前記ロック状態において前記第1のロックカムの回動を阻止する阻止状態と、前記リンク機構の作動に伴い前記第1のロックカムの回動を許容する許容状態と、の間で回動可能とする第2のロックカムであり、
前記第2の状態維持手段は、前記第2のロックカムが前記阻止状態から前記許容状態に回動された場合、前記第2のロックカムの前記阻止状態への復帰を抑制する、
請求項6に記載の開口装置。 - 前記第2の状態維持手段は、前記第1のロックカムと前記第2のロックカムとに連結された付勢部材である、
請求項7に記載の開口装置。 - 前記外枠内に全体又は一部が収納される避難装置を備える請求項1、2、3、4、5、6、7又は8に記載の開口装置。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH09650A (ja) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-01-07 | Meguro Bosai:Kk | 車椅子用緩降装置 |
JP3099529U (ja) * | 2003-07-29 | 2004-04-08 | 株式会社 花谷工業 | ごみ集積ボックス |
JP2006255645A (ja) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-28 | Sharp Corp | 生ごみ処理機 |
JP2019042158A (ja) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-22 | ナカ工業株式会社 | 避難装置 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH09650A (ja) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-01-07 | Meguro Bosai:Kk | 車椅子用緩降装置 |
JP3099529U (ja) * | 2003-07-29 | 2004-04-08 | 株式会社 花谷工業 | ごみ集積ボックス |
JP2006255645A (ja) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-28 | Sharp Corp | 生ごみ処理機 |
JP2019042158A (ja) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-22 | ナカ工業株式会社 | 避難装置 |
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