WO2021200520A1 - 炭化物の製造方法および炭化物の製造設備 - Google Patents
炭化物の製造方法および炭化物の製造設備 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021200520A1 WO2021200520A1 PCT/JP2021/012439 JP2021012439W WO2021200520A1 WO 2021200520 A1 WO2021200520 A1 WO 2021200520A1 JP 2021012439 W JP2021012439 W JP 2021012439W WO 2021200520 A1 WO2021200520 A1 WO 2021200520A1
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- retort
- processed
- combustion chamber
- carbide
- particle size
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/32—Arrangement of devices for charging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carbide production method and a carbide production facility, and more particularly to a carbide production method and a carbide production facility using an externally heated rotary retort furnace that indirectly heats an object to be treated.
- the rotary retort furnace is also called a rotary kiln, and is widely used for example, for reforming coal, burning cement and ore, burning municipal waste, and carbonizing livestock manure.
- the rotary retort furnace is roughly divided into an internal heat type and an external heat type.
- the internal heating type rotary retort furnace the object to be processed put into the retort is directly heated by the high temperature atmosphere generated by the heat generated by the burner provided in the retort and the object to be processed itself.
- the external heat type rotary retort furnace a combustion chamber for heating the peripheral surface of the retort from the outside is provided, and the object to be processed is indirectly heated by the heat supplied from the combustion gas in the combustion chamber.
- the external heat type rotary retort furnace has an advantage that the high temperature atmosphere does not come into direct contact with the object to be processed and uniform heating is easy as compared with the internal heat type one.
- various techniques for effectively utilizing energy and improving processing efficiency have been proposed.
- Patent Document 1 in order to effectively utilize energy in an externally heated rotary retort furnace, flammable gas generated from an object to be processed in the retort is passed through a through hole provided on the peripheral surface of the retort.
- the technology to supply to the combustion chamber is described.
- Patent Document 1 also describes that by providing a tubular body that is in contact with the through hole and protrudes inside the retort, it is possible to prevent the object to be processed in the retort from falling into the combustion chamber through the through hole. ..
- Patent Document 1 the technique described in Patent Document 1 above is not sufficient to prevent the pulverized object to be processed from being released into the combustion chamber through the through hole. Since the pulverized object to be treated floats in the retort, even if a pipe body as described in Patent Document 1 is provided, it enters the inside thereof and is discharged into the combustion chamber through the through hole. If the amount of fine powder of the object to be processed released into the combustion chamber increases, the equipment that burns the unburned fine powder in the exhaust gas treatment process of the combustion chamber is loaded, which may lead to a decrease in productivity.
- a rotating retort furnace including a rotating retort, a combustion chamber for heating the peripheral surface of the retort with combustion gas, and an exhaust means for discharging the gas generated in the retort to the combustion chamber is used for processing.
- a method for producing a charcoal product that produces a charcoal by indirectly heating the material while moving it in the retort includes a step of separating components having a predetermined particle size or less from the object to be treated before being put into the retort. Method for producing charcoal.
- the step according to [1] further comprising a step of processing the separated components of the object to be treated into a lump, and a step of returning the lump to the object to be treated before being put into the retort.
- Carbide production method [3] The carbide according to [2], which further includes a step of recovering the powder from the combustion chamber, and in the process of processing, the powder is processed into an agglomerate together with the separated components of the object to be treated. Production method. [4] In the separation step, the first step of separating the components having the first particle size or less from the object to be processed and the components having the second particle size or less from the object to be processed which have undergone the first step are separated. The step according to [2] or [3], wherein in the step of processing including the second step, the components of the object to be treated separated by the first step and the second step are processed into an agglomerate. Method for producing carbides. [5] 6. Carbide manufacturing method.
- a rotating retort furnace including a rotating retort, a combustion chamber for heating the peripheral surface of the retort with combustion gas, and an exhaust means for discharging the gas generated in the retort to the combustion chamber is provided, and an object to be processed is provided.
- a classification means for separating components having a predetermined particle size or less from the object to be treated before being put into the retort is further provided. , Combustion manufacturing equipment.
- an agglomeration means for processing the components of the object to be treated separated by the classification means into an agglomerate, and a transport means for returning the agglomerate to the object to be processed before being put into the retort.
- the carbide according to [7] further comprising a recovery means for recovering the powder from the combustion chamber, the agglomerating means processing the powder into a mass together with the separated components of the object to be treated. Manufacturing equipment.
- the classification means is a first classification means for separating components having a particle size of the first particle size or less from the object to be treated, and a component having a particle size or less than the second particle size from the object to be treated that has passed through the first classification means.
- the agglomeration means mixes the components of the object to be treated separated by the first classification means and the second classification means and processes them into a mass.
- the classification means includes any one of [6] to [9], which includes a dryer for air-drying the object to be processed and a bag filter for collecting the components of the object to be processed scattered with the air flow in the dryer. The method for producing a carbide according to the section.
- the treatment is performed in a carbide production method and a carbide production facility using an externally heated rotary retort furnace having an exhaust means for discharging the gas generated in the retort into the combustion chamber. It is possible to prevent the fine powder of the substance from being released from the retort into the combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic vertical sectional view which shows the rotary retort furnace included in the carbide manufacturing equipment which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the rotary retort furnace shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the carbide manufacturing equipment which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the example of the particle size distribution of the coking coal before input in the conventional coal reforming equipment. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the carbide manufacturing equipment which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the carbide manufacturing equipment which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a rotary retort furnace included in the carbide manufacturing facility according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary retort furnace shown in FIG. .
- the rotary retort furnace 1 includes a retort 2 and a combustion chamber 3.
- the retort 2 has a cylindrical shape and rotates around the central axis O of the cylinder.
- the combustion chamber 3 the external fuel supplied by the burner 4 and the flammable gas supplied by the exhaust pipe 8 described later are burned.
- the retort 2 is arranged so as to penetrate the combustion chamber 3 in a substantially horizontal direction, and the peripheral surface of the retort 2 is heated by the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 3. Further, the retort 2 is provided with a gentle slope so that the exit side (right side in the figure) is lower than the inlet side (left side in the figure). As a result, the object to be processed is indirectly heated while moving from the inlet side to the outlet side in the retort 2.
- the inlet side of the retort 2 is sealed by the inlet side hood 5, and the outlet side of the retort 2 is sealed by the outlet side hood 6.
- the object to be treated can be heated in a state where the outside air is shut off.
- the object to be treated which is charged from the hopper 7 provided on the inlet side of the retort 2, is dried by being heated while moving in the retort 2, and is further thermally decomposed into carbides and flammable gas.
- the carbides produced by thermal decomposition are recovered from the outlet side of the retort 2.
- the gas in the retort 2 including the flammable gas generated by thermal decomposition is supplied to the combustion chamber 3 via the exhaust pipe 8.
- the combustible gas supplied to the combustion chamber 3 via the exhaust pipe 8 as described above is mixed with the fuel supplied from the burner 4 and the air supplied from the air supply port 9 and burned.
- the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 3 is discharged via the flue 10 and is treated in an exhaust gas treatment step described later.
- the powdery object to be processed released from the exhaust pipe 8 together with the flammable gas and the powdery substance containing the fine powder ash generated by the combustion of the powdery object to be processed are collected.
- a bottom chute 12 for the purpose may be provided. If the bottom chute 12 is not provided, the powdery substance accumulated in the combustion chamber 3 is recovered at the time of maintenance.
- the exhaust pipe 8 includes an intake port 8a facing the outlet side of the retort 2 near the central axis O of the retort 2, an exhaust port 8b that opens on the peripheral surface of the retort 2 and communicates with the combustion chamber 3, and an intake port.
- the pipe body 8c extending between the 8a and the exhaust port 8b is included.
- the pipe body 8c has a bent portion for connecting to the intake port 8a facing the outlet side of the retort 2.
- the intake port 8a may be directed toward the inlet side of the retort 2.
- the intake port 8a since the intake port 8a is located near the central axis O, the object to be processed does not reach the height of the intake port 8a as long as the amount of the object to be processed is appropriate. Further, even if there is a lumpy object to be processed that falls in the vertical direction, the intake port 8a is directed to the outlet side of the retort 2, so that such the object to be processed is transferred from the intake port 8a to the exhaust pipe 8. It is prevented from entering. However, the pulverized object to be processed floating in the retort 2 may enter the exhaust pipe 8 from the intake port 8a.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a carbide manufacturing facility according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the coal reforming facility 100 shown in FIG. 3 is an example of a carbide manufacturing facility.
- the coking coal 101 is crushed by the crusher 103 and then aerated and dried by the dryer 105.
- the pulverized coal contained in the coking coal 101 (including the one generated by the crusher 103) is separated from the coking coal 101 by scattering with the air flow.
- the pulverized coal is discharged from the dryer 105 together with the air flow and collected by the bag filter 107.
- the dried coking coal 101 (dry coal) is put into the rotary retort furnace (dry distillation unit) 1.
- the dry coal is further dried by being heated in the rotary retort furnace 1, and then carbonized.
- Carbonization is a process in which coal is thermally decomposed into carbides (chars) and flammable gases.
- the char 109 recovered from the rotary retort furnace 1 is used, for example, as a fuel or a raw material for processing.
- the flammable gas is supplied to the combustion chamber 3 from inside the retort 2 as described above with reference to FIG. 1, and is burned as a fuel for heating the retort 2.
- a part of the flammable gas may be separately recovered from the retort 2 and used as fuel, for example.
- the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 3 in the rotary retort furnace 1 is sent to the exhaust gas treatment process 111 via the flue 10 shown in FIG.
- the exhaust gas treatment step 111 includes a combustion furnace 113, a boiler 115, a bag filter 117, and a gas treatment machine 119.
- the combustion furnace 113 unburned fuel (including combustible gas supplied from the retort 2) contained in the exhaust gas is burned.
- the heat generated in the combustion furnace 113 is recovered in the boiler 115.
- the exhaust gas is finally treated by the gas processor 119.
- the position and shape of the intake port 8a of the exhaust pipe 8 prevent the deposited object to be processed and the massive object to be processed from entering the exhaust pipe 8. No such means is provided for the pulverized object to be processed floating in the retort 2. Therefore, if the object to be processed in the retort 2 contains a large amount of pulverized components, the amount of fine powder of the object to be processed is discharged from the retort 2 to the combustion chamber 3 via the exhaust pipe 8. become. In that case, as described above, a load is applied to the combustion furnace 113 or the like that burns the fine powder in the exhaust gas treatment step 111, which may lead to a decrease in productivity.
- the coking coal 101 is carbonized to form char 109.
- Productivity is reduced because capacity does not change.
- the processing amount of the coking coal 101 is suppressed so that the amount of fine powder released into the combustion chamber 3 becomes the amount that can be processed by the combustion furnace 113, the processing capacity of the rotary retort furnace 1 becomes excessive. After all productivity decreases.
- a rotary retort furnace having no exhaust pipe 8 has been generally used, and the behavior of fine powder as described above has not been regarded as a problem. Therefore, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 3, a bag filter is used.
- the pulverized coal recovered in 107 was directly returned to the coking coal 101 (dry coal) and put into the rotary retort furnace 1.
- the pulverized coal contained in the coking coal 101 is discharged from the retort 2 to the combustion chamber 3 via the exhaust pipe 8 as described above. I found that it was causing a problem.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the particle size distribution of coking coal before input in a conventional coal reforming facility.
- the coking coal 101 having an original particle size of 10 mm to 30 mm is crushed by maximizing the set particle size of the crusher 103, dried in the dryer 105, and scattered in the dryer 105 to be a bag filter.
- the pulverized coal recovered in 107 is put back into the rotary retort furnace 1.
- the graph shows the particle size distribution measured in each of the four input batches. These particle size distributions indicate that, for example, components having a particle size of 1 mm or less frequently reach 20% to 35%.
- the pulverized coal recovered by the bag filter 107 is not returned to the coking coal 101 (dry coal) as it is, and the coking coal 101 is used.
- the dryer 105 and the bag filter 107 are predetermined from the object to be processed by the step of ventilating the coking coal 101 which is the object to be processed and the step of recovering the components of the object to be processed scattered together with the airflow. It constitutes a classification means for executing a step of separating components having a particle size or less.
- the amount of fine powder contained in the object to be processed to be charged into the rotary retort furnace 1 can be reduced, and as a result, the fine powder of the object to be processed is suppressed from being released from the retort 2 into the combustion chamber 3. can do.
- the load on the combustion furnace 113 or the like that burns the fine powder in the exhaust gas treatment step 111 is reduced as described above. However, it is possible to prevent a decrease in productivity. Further, by suppressing the amount of fine powder released into the combustion chamber 3, the air originally used for burning the fuel supplied from the burner 4 and the combustible gas supplied through the exhaust pipe 8. Is used to burn fine powder, and as a result, it is possible to prevent the efficiency of heat generation due to combustion from decreasing.
- the fine powder or ash after the fine powder is burned adheres to the inside of the combustion chamber 3 or the peripheral surface of the retort 2, and the heat transfer efficiency is lowered. It can also be prevented.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a carbide manufacturing facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the coal reforming facility 200 shown in FIG. 5 processes the pulverized coal recovered by the bag filter 107 into agglomerates in addition to the components of the coal reforming facility 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the lumper 201 and a conveyor 203 for returning the lump to the coking coal 101 (dry coal) before being charged into the retort 2 of the rotary retort furnace 1 are included.
- the agglomerator 201, together with the pulverized coal recovered by the bag filter 107 is a powdery substance recovered by the bottom chute 12 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) of the combustion chamber 3 in the rotary retort furnace (dry distillation machine) 1. May be processed into a mass.
- the lumper 201 is, for example, a granulator such as a briquette machine that granulates a powdery substance containing fine coal by compression.
- the lumper 201 may be a molding machine in which a powdery substance containing pulverized coal is kneaded with a tar-based binder or an organic-based binder and then compressed and molded.
- the binder as described above does not affect the carbonization treatment of the coking coal 101 because the amount of the binder mixed is as small as 10% or less and it is gasified when heated in the rotary retort furnace 1.
- the particles (pseudo-particles) of the agglomerate processed by the agglomerator 201 have a strength such that they do not collapse and become fine particles again during transportation on a conveyor 203 or the like and heating in the retort 2.
- the pulverized coal separated from the coking coal 101 was treated separately from the coking coal 101 without returning to the coking coal 101 (dry coal).
- the pulverized coal is treated by a method such as burning it separately from the coking coal 101 to recover the heat.
- the productivity is improved as compared with the case where the combustion furnace 113 in the exhaust gas treatment step 111 has a processing capacity for burning the pulverized coal released into the combustion chamber 3.
- the agglomerator 201 it is possible to carbonize the pulverized coal and then carbonize it in the rotary retort furnace 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a carbide manufacturing facility according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the coking coal 101 dry coal
- the agglomerator 201 mixes the pulverized coal recovered by the bag filter 107 with the coal having a predetermined particle size or less separated from the coking coal 101 by the classifier 301, and then forms the agglomerate. Process.
- the agglomerates are conveyed by the conveyor 203, passed through the classifier 301, and then returned to the coking coal 101 before being charged into the retort 2 of the rotary retort furnace 1.
- the lumper 201 is a rotary retort together with the pulverized coal recovered by the bag filter 107 and the coal having a predetermined particle size or less separated by the classifier 301.
- the powdery material recovered by the bottom chute 12 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) of the combustion chamber 3 in the furnace (dry distillation unit) 1 may be processed into an agglomerate.
- the classifier 301 is a mechanical classifying means such as a vibrating sieving device, and separates coal particles having a particle size range different from that using the air flow by the dryer 105 and the bag filter 107 from the coking coal 101. Specifically, when the components (fine pulverized coal) of the coking coal 101 having the first particle size or less are separated by the dryer 105 and the bag filter 107, the classifier 301 has a second particle size larger than the first particle size. The components of the coking coal 101 having a particle size equal to or smaller than the above particle size are separated.
- the classifier 301 may have an adjustable particle size (the above-mentioned second particle size) as a reference for separation. For example, in the case of a vibrating sieve device, the particle size that serves as a reference for separation can be adjusted by exchanging and using a plurality of sieve nets having different mesh sizes.
- not only the pulverized coal separated by the air flow by the dryer 105 and the bag filter 107, but also the coal having a larger particle size (but smaller in the whole) is collected from the coking coal 101 by using the classifier 301.
- Can be separated when there is a possibility that not only pulverized coal separated by an air flow but also coal having a larger particle size may float in the retort 2 and be discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 to the combustion chamber 3, the classifier 301 is used. As a result, such coal can also be separated from the coking coal 101, agglomerated by the agglomerator 201, and then returned to the coking coal 101.
- pulverized coal can be separated as a matter of course, but the pulverized coal is automatically separated by an air flow in the step of drying the coking coal 101 in the dryer 105. It is advantageous to carry out the classification in two stages as in the present embodiment because, for example, clogging of the sieve net is less likely to occur in the vibrating sieve device because the pulverized coal is not charged into the classification machine 301. Is.
- a coal having a larger particle size that is separated from the coking coal 101 by the classifier 301 and mixed with the pulverized coal by the lumper 201 may facilitate the lumping of the pulverized coal by the lumper 201.
- the strength of the pseudo-particles after molding is improved by appropriately adjusting the particle size distribution of the material. Therefore, for example, it is necessary for the agglomerator 201 to properly agglomerate the pulverized coal regardless of whether or not it may float in the retort 2 and be discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 to the combustion chamber 3.
- the grain size coal may be separated from the coking coal 101 using a classifier 301.
- the appropriate particle size distribution for agglomeration also depends, for example, on the type of coal. Therefore, the particle size that serves as a reference for separation in the classifier 301 may be adjusted according to the type of coal. That is, in the present embodiment, the particle size that serves as a reference for separation can be freely set in a wider range, or the particle size distribution that is appropriate for the agglomeration of the separated object to be processed is prepared, so that the agglomerated subject is agglomerated. The strength of the processed material can be improved.
- coal reforming was carried out in the coal reforming equipment 200 described as the second embodiment above.
- a briquette machine was used as the agglomerator 201.
- pulverized coal having a particle size of approximately 1 mm or less was separated from the coking coal 101.
- the pulverized coal separated as shown by the broken line in FIG. 3 was returned to the coking coal 101 (dry coal) as it was, and the coal was reformed in the same manner.
- the particle size distribution of coal containing pulverized coal was the same as the example shown in FIG. 4 above.
- the results in Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1 below.
- the scattered fine powder ratio is the mass ratio of the fine powder contained in the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 3 and recovered by the bag filter 117 in the exhaust gas treatment step 111 to the coking coal 101.
- This fine powder is discharged from the inside of the retort 2 into the combustion chamber 3 in the rotary retort furnace 1 via the exhaust pipe 8 and burned in the combustion chamber 3 or in the combustion furnace 113 of the exhaust gas treatment step 111.
- the carbide yield is the mass ratio of the char 109 recovered from the rotary retort furnace 1 to the coking coal 101.
- the exhaust gas generation amount is the cumulative flow rate of the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 3 calculated based on the measured value of the current meter installed in the flue 10.
- the scattered fine powder ratio (%) was reduced by about 40% as compared with the comparative example (12%). It is considered that this is because the pulverized coal contained in the coking coal 101 was separated, agglomerated and carbonized, so that the amount of pulverized coal released into the combustion chamber 3 was greatly reduced. Further, in the examples, the carbide yield (54%) increased by about 20% as compared with the comparative example (45%). This is because the pulverized coal released into the combustion chamber 3 in the comparative example is agglomerated and carbonized in the example, so that the proportion of coking coal 101 recovered as char 109 has increased. it is conceivable that. Further, in the examples, the amount of exhaust gas generated was also reduced because it did not contain the exhaust gas caused by such pulverized coal as compared with the comparative example in which the amount of exhaust gas of the pulverized coal released into the combustion chamber 3 was included.
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Abstract
Description
[2]分離された被処理物の成分を塊成物に加工する工程と、塊成物をレトルトに投入される前の被処理物に戻し入れる工程とをさらに含む、[1]に記載の炭化物の製造方法。[3]燃焼室から粉状物を回収する工程をさらに含み、加工する工程では、分離された被処理物の成分とともに粉状物を塊成物に加工する、[2]に記載の炭化物の製造方法。
[4]分離する工程は、被処理物から第1の粒径以下の成分を分離する第1の工程と、第1の工程を経た被処理物から第2の粒径以下の成分を分離する第2の工程とを含み、加工する工程では、第1の工程および第2の工程によってそれぞれ分離された被処理物の成分を塊成物に加工する、[2]または[3]に記載の炭化物の製造方法。
[5]分離する工程は、被処理物に気流を通気させる工程と、気流とともに飛散した被処理物の成分を回収する工程とを含む、[1]から[4]のいずれか1項に記載の炭化物の製造方法。
[6]回転するレトルトと、燃焼ガスによってレトルトの周面を加熱するための燃焼室と、レトルト内で発生したガスを燃焼室に排出する排気手段とを含む回転レトルト炉を備え、被処理物をレトルト内で移動させながら間接的に加熱することによって炭化物を生成する炭化物の製造設備において、レトルトに投入される前の被処理物から所定の粒径以下の成分を分離する分級手段をさらに備える、炭化物の製造設備。
[7]分級手段によって分離された被処理物の成分を塊成物に加工する塊成手段と、塊成物をレトルトに投入される前の被処理物に戻し入れるための搬送手段とをさらに備える、[6]に記載の炭化物の製造設備。
[8]燃焼室から粉状物を回収する回収手段をさらに備え、塊成手段は、分離された被処理物の成分とともに粉状物を塊成物に加工する、[7]に記載の炭化物の製造設備。
[9]分級手段は、被処理物から第1の粒径以下の成分を分離する第1の分級手段と、第1の分級手段を通過した被処理物から第2の粒径以下の成分を分離する第2の分級手段とを含み、塊成手段は、第1の分級手段および第2の分級手段によってそれぞれ分離された被処理物の成分を混合して塊成物に加工する、[7]または[8]に記載の炭化物の製造設備。
[10]分級手段は、被処理物を通気乾燥させる乾燥機と、乾燥機において気流とともに飛散した被処理物の成分を回収するバグフィルターとを含む、[6]から[9]のいずれか1項に記載の炭化物の製造方法。
図1は本発明の第1の実施形態に係る炭化物の製造設備に含まれる回転レトルト炉を示す概略的な縦断面図であり、図2は図1に示す回転レトルト炉の横断面図である。図示された例において、回転レトルト炉1は、レトルト2と、燃焼室3とを含む。レトルト2は円筒形であり、円筒の中心軸Oの回りに回転する。燃焼室3では、バーナ4が供給する外部燃料、および後述する排気管8が供給する可燃性ガスが燃焼させられる。レトルト2は、燃焼室3を略水平方向に貫通して配置されており、燃焼室3内ではレトルト2の周面が燃焼ガスによって加熱される。また、レトルト2には、入口側(図中左側)に対して出口側(図中右側)が低くなるような緩傾斜がつけられている。これによって、被処理物は、レトルト2内で入口側から出口側に向けて移動しながら間接的に加熱される。
図3に示された石炭改質設備100は、炭化物の製造設備の例である。石炭改質設備100では、原料炭101が粉砕機103で粉砕された後に、乾燥機105で通気乾燥させられる。このとき、原料炭101に含まれていた微粉石炭(粉砕機103で発生したものも含む)は、気流とともに飛散することで原料炭101から分離される。微粉石炭は気流とともに乾燥機105から排出され、バグフィルター107で回収される。一方、乾燥させられた原料炭101(乾燥炭)は、回転レトルト炉(乾留機)1に投入される。
図5は、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る炭化物の製造設備の全体構成を示す図である。図5に示された石炭改質設備200は、上記の第1の実施形態に係る石炭改質設備100の構成要素に加えて、バグフィルター107で回収された微粉石炭を塊成物に加工する塊成機201と、塊成物を回転レトルト炉1のレトルト2に投入される前の原料炭101(乾燥炭)に戻し入れるためのコンベヤ203とを含む。さらに、塊成機201は、バグフィルター107で回収された微粉石炭とともに、回転レトルト炉(乾留機)1で燃焼室3の底部シュート12(図1および図2参照)によって回収された粉状物を塊成物に加工してもよい。
図6は、本発明の第3の実施形態に係る炭化物の製造設備の全体構成を示す図である。図6に示された石炭改質設備300は、上記の第2の実施形態に係る石炭改質設備200の構成要素に加えて、乾燥機105を通過した原料炭101(乾燥炭)が投入される分級機301を含む。本実施形態において、塊成機201は、バグフィルター107で回収された微粉石炭と、分級機301で原料炭101から分離された所定の粒径以下の石炭とを混合した上で塊成物に加工する。塊成物は、コンベヤ203によって搬送され、分級機301を通過した後、回転レトルト炉1のレトルト2に投入される前の原料炭101に戻し入れられる。本実施形態でも、上記の第2の実施形態と同様に、塊成機201が、バグフィルター107で回収された微粉石炭および分級機301で分離された所定の粒径以下の石炭とともに、回転レトルト炉(乾留機)1で燃焼室3の底部シュート12(図1および図2参照)によって回収された粉状物を塊成物に加工してもよい。
Claims (10)
- 回転するレトルトと、燃焼ガスによって前記レトルトの周面を加熱するための燃焼室と、前記レトルト内で発生したガスを前記燃焼室に排出する排気手段とを含む回転レトルト炉を用いて、被処理物を前記レトルト内で移動させながら間接的に加熱することによって炭化物を生成する炭化物の製造方法において、
前記レトルトに投入される前の前記被処理物から所定の粒径以下の成分を分離する工程を含む、炭化物の製造方法。 - 前記分離された前記被処理物の成分を塊成物に加工する工程と、
前記塊成物を前記レトルトに投入される前の前記被処理物に戻し入れる工程と
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の炭化物の製造方法。 - 前記燃焼室から粉状物を回収する工程をさらに含み、
前記加工する工程では、前記分離された前記被処理物の成分とともに前記粉状物を前記塊成物に加工する、請求項2に記載の炭化物の製造方法。 - 前記分離する工程は、前記被処理物から第1の粒径以下の成分を分離する第1の工程と、前記第1の工程を経た前記被処理物から第2の粒径以下の成分を分離する第2の工程とを含み、
前記加工する工程では、前記第1の工程および前記第2の工程によってそれぞれ分離された前記被処理物の成分を前記塊成物に加工する、請求項2または請求項3に記載の炭化物の製造方法。 - 前記分離する工程は、前記被処理物に気流を通気させる工程と、前記気流とともに飛散した前記被処理物の成分を回収する工程とを含む、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の炭化物の製造方法。
- 回転するレトルトと、燃焼ガスによって前記レトルトの周面を加熱するための燃焼室と、前記レトルト内で発生したガスを前記燃焼室に排出する排気手段とを含む回転レトルト炉を備え、被処理物を前記レトルト内で移動させながら間接的に加熱することによって炭化物を生成する炭化物の製造設備において、
前記レトルトに投入される前の前記被処理物から所定の粒径以下の成分を分離する分級手段をさらに備える、炭化物の製造設備。 - 前記分級手段によって分離された前記被処理物の成分を塊成物に加工する塊成手段と、
前記塊成物を前記レトルトに投入される前の前記被処理物に戻し入れるための搬送手段と
をさらに備える、請求項6に記載の炭化物の製造設備。 - 前記燃焼室から粉状物を回収する回収手段をさらに備え、
前記塊成手段は、前記分離された前記被処理物の成分とともに前記粉状物を前記塊成物に加工する、請求項7に記載の炭化物の製造設備。 - 前記分級手段は、前記被処理物から第1の粒径以下の成分を分離する第1の分級手段と、前記第1の分級手段を通過した前記被処理物から第2の粒径以下の成分を分離する第2の分級手段とを含み、
前記塊成手段は、前記第1の分級手段および前記第2の分級手段によってそれぞれ分離された前記被処理物の成分を混合して前記塊成物に加工する、請求項7または請求項8に記載の炭化物の製造設備。 - 前記分級手段は、前記被処理物を通気乾燥させる乾燥機と、前記乾燥機において気流とともに飛散した前記被処理物の成分を回収するバグフィルターとを含む、請求項6から請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の炭化物の製造設備。
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JPH0397643A (ja) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-04-23 | Uchiyama Concrete Kogyo Kk | 超軽量骨材を製造する方法および装置 |
JP2002071275A (ja) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-08 | Takasago Ind Co Ltd | 外熱式ロータリーキルンの制御方法 |
JP2006003027A (ja) * | 2004-06-18 | 2006-01-05 | Takasago Ind Co Ltd | 外熱式ロータリキルン |
JP2019157076A (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | 炭化炉 |
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JPH0397643A (ja) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-04-23 | Uchiyama Concrete Kogyo Kk | 超軽量骨材を製造する方法および装置 |
JP2002071275A (ja) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-08 | Takasago Ind Co Ltd | 外熱式ロータリーキルンの制御方法 |
JP2006003027A (ja) * | 2004-06-18 | 2006-01-05 | Takasago Ind Co Ltd | 外熱式ロータリキルン |
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