WO2021197641A1 - Protection faciale, en particulier masque de protection - Google Patents

Protection faciale, en particulier masque de protection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021197641A1
WO2021197641A1 PCT/EP2020/060516 EP2020060516W WO2021197641A1 WO 2021197641 A1 WO2021197641 A1 WO 2021197641A1 EP 2020060516 W EP2020060516 W EP 2020060516W WO 2021197641 A1 WO2021197641 A1 WO 2021197641A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mask
respiratory protection
layer
inner layer
outer layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/060516
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Salzmann
Original Assignee
Krall + Roth Services GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krall + Roth Services GmbH & Co. KG filed Critical Krall + Roth Services GmbH & Co. KG
Publication of WO2021197641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021197641A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/02—Masks
    • A62B18/025—Halfmasks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
    • A62B23/025—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators the filter having substantially the shape of a mask

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a respiratory protection mask, in particular designed as a half mask, wherein at least one outer layer and at least one inner layer are provided, and wherein the outer layer and the inner layer each have a breathable textile sheet and / or consist of such a sheet and / or formed by such a sheet will.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a respiratory protection mask, in particular designed as a half mask, wherein at least one outer layer and at least one inner layer are provided and wherein the outer layer and the inner layer have at least one breath-permeable textile sheet and / or consist of such a sheet and / or is formed by such a sheet.
  • Mouth and nose protection can be used for patient protection and / or for the protection of medical personnel, for example in initial medical care, outpatient treatment and in hospital care and in nursing care. Mouth and nose protection is used in particular to reduce the secretion of infectious pathogens from the mouth and nose and / or as a surgical face mask in particular with a microbiological barrier. Wearing the MNS primarily protects against (potentially infectious) droplets of saliva / mucus of the wearer that may be released via the mouth and nose.
  • MNS type protective masks currently in use meet standards in accordance with DIN EN 14683, type l-lll and / or ASTMF 2100, level 1 to level 3, for the USA.
  • particle-filtering respiratory masks in particular also designed as half masks, which serve as respiratory protection against aerosol made of solid or liquid, non-volatile particles. They are tested according to the European standard DIN EN 149 and must have the Meet the requirements of this standard.
  • DIN EN 149 European standard DIN EN 149 and must have the Meet the requirements of this standard.
  • the standard differentiates between device classes FFP1 and FFP2 and FFP3 depending on the retention capacity of the particle filter. When used correctly, their good retention capacity, even with regard to very small particles, speaks in favor of using particle-filtering full face masks to protect the wearer from airborne infectious agents. The impermeability is decisive for the protective effect of particle-filtering half-face masks.
  • the protective effect increases from an FFP1 mask (total leakage maximum 22%) through an FFP2 mask (total leakage maximum 8%) to an FFP3 mask (total leakage maximum 2%). As the protective effect increases, so does the breathing resistance of the mask. To reduce the exhalation resistance, an exhalation valve is provided so that the particle-filtering whale mask is less stressful for the wearer and is therefore preferred to be used.
  • Mouth and nose protection and also particle-filtering face masks are single-use items that, for hygienic reasons, have to be disposed of correctly after use. Even after a short use of the protective mask, contamination with pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria, which are contained in droplets of saliva or mucus of the wearer and are released by the wearer when speaking, shouting or coughing, can occur. Contamination can also occur when the wearer touches the mask if the wearer has previously touched infectious material. Likewise, contamination is likely if the wearer is coughed or sneezed on directly by a fellow human being and droplets of saliva and mucus from the other human thus hit the mouthguard.
  • pathogens such as viruses or bacteria
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a respiratory protection mask which is characterized by a very good separation performance or a high retention capacity against pathogens, in particular against viruses.
  • the invention is intended to protect non-infected persons from pathogens, in particular viruses, further in particular the corona virus, by wearing a protective mask that is as effective and efficient as possible.
  • the effect of the protective mask should in particular be to contain, preferably largely exclude, the release of pathogens, for example through the release of sputum and droplets when speaking or coughing.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a protective mask that retains infectious breath or sputum when the mask is worn in the mask and thus contributes to the spread of infectious diseases spread via droplet infections, in particular viral diseases such as COVID-19, to slow down.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a respiratory protection mask which is very comfortable to wear and easy to use.
  • the breathing mask is said to have a significantly lower risk of infection when the breathing mask is used repeatedly and / or the breathing mask is used over a long period of time.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a respiratory protection mask that meets the highest quality requirements and avoids the disadvantages of self-sewn mouthguard applications that are individually produced on the basis of cutting patterns.
  • the present invention - according to a first aspect of the present invention - is thus a respiratory protection mask, in particular designed as a half mask, with at least one outer layer and at least one inner layer, the outer layer and the inner layer each having at least one breathable textile fabric and / or made of one consists of such a planar structure and / or is formed by such a planar structure and wherein between the outer layer and the inner layer at least one mask pocket for exchangeable accommodation, in particular for plugging in and / or inserting, is formed by at least one filter layer.
  • the respiratory protection mask according to the invention has only two layers (without a filter layer) or three layers (with a filter layer inserted into the mask pocket) and thus has a simple structure.
  • the respiratory mask according to the invention can, in particular depending on the filter material used for the filter insert, meet the performance requirements for protective masks of the MNS type, further in particular with regard to bacterial filter performance, in accordance with the standards DIN EN 14683, type l-lll and / or ASTMF 2100, level 1 to Level 3, meet.
  • the respirator by being equipped with an appropriate filter material and, if necessary, with a valve device, also meets the performance requirements for particle-filtering respiratory masks, in particular with regard to total leakage and / or the degree of separation of particles, in accordance with the DIN EN 149 standard, device classes FFP1, FFP2 or FFP3 , can meet.
  • the filter layer forms a third, in particular middle, layer of the breathing mask and is arranged between the at least one outer layer and the at least one inner layer.
  • the filter layer can be plugged or inserted into the mask pocket, wherein the filter layer can be, for example, a conventional paper handkerchief or household handkerchief.
  • the filter layer can be, for example, a conventional paper handkerchief or household handkerchief.
  • other cloths or materials can also be used, depending on the desired separation performance or retention capacity of the protective mask.
  • a filter material is suitable which is produced according to a so-called "blow-melt process". Unused parts of disposable masks that meet the standard DIN EN 14683, type l-lll and / or ASTMF 2100, level 1 to level 3, can also be suitable.
  • the arrangement of the mask pocket on the respirator is provided in such a way that the filter material is in the flow path of the respiratory air and / or ambient air when the respirator is worn or used when inhaling and exhaling and has a filter effect opposite Pathogens, in particular viruses and / or bacteria and / or particles, can meet.
  • Pathogens in particular viruses and / or bacteria and / or particles, can meet.
  • several mask pockets can also be provided.
  • the filter layer has and / or consists of a filter material to reduce the germ load, in particular the viral load, and / or acts as a microbiological barrier and / or aerosol and / or particle barrier when the filter layer is exposed to breathing and / or ambient air when worn the respiratory mask according to the invention is flowed through.
  • the filter material is preferably in the form of a sheet-like planar structure.
  • the filter layer increases and / or thus ensures a certain separation capacity or a certain retention capacity against pathogens, in particular viruses, whereby, depending on the choice of filter material, different levels of retention against pathogens can be achieved.
  • the filter layer can be exchanged for a new filter layer, the used filter layer preferably being able to be disposed of or also processed for reuse.
  • the respiratory protection mask as such having the at least one outer layer and the at least one inner layer with the mask pocket formed between the layers, on the other hand, can be reused and equipped with a suitable filter material several times. This increases the total useful life of the respirator according to the invention compared to the usual one for one
  • the use of certain protective masks, in particular of the MNS type, is significantly longer.
  • the reusability of the protective mask according to the invention can help avoid or at least mitigate supply bottlenecks when there is a high need for respiratory masks, for example in the event of epidemics or pandemics.
  • the use of reusable respiratory protection masks with exchangeable filter layers can make an important contribution to avoiding waste and protecting resources.
  • suitable filter materials By using suitable filter materials, the separation performance or the retention capacity against pathogens can be adjusted as required.
  • the design of the respiratory protection mask from textile flat structures connected to one another allows a high level of comfort and ease of use.
  • a simple and inexpensive lowering position of the respiratory protection mask according to the invention is possible.
  • a particularly preferred aspect of the invention is the freeing position of the respiratory protection mask according to the invention by means of series and / or mass production.
  • the respiratory masks according to the invention can thus in particular be the product of a series or mass production process.
  • the individual and / or mass production provides preliminary products of the respiratory mask according to the invention, such as the outer layer and the inner layer as well as other applications of the respiratory mask, such as carrying straps or the like, with the same shape, size, quality and / or with the same material properties for a Provide freeing position of the respiratory masks, the final freeing position, namely the joining of the layers to form the mask pocket, by machine or can also be done by hand.
  • the respiratory masks according to the invention can thus be easily assembled and the requirements placed on respiratory masks, in particular according to DIN EN 14683 or also DIN EN 149, can be achieved in a simple manner.
  • series and / or mass production is not subject to the problems of individual or single production by the wearer of the mask himself, with single and / or mass production being less or even completely independent of the individual's manual skills.
  • series or mass production allows large numbers of items to be produced in a short period of time.
  • the textile fabric As far as the textile fabric is concerned, it is designed as an air-permeable and breath-permeable textile material.
  • flat textile structures suitable as an outer layer and / or inner layer are woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens and textile composites, in particular nonwovens. Nonwovens or nonwovens are particularly preferred.
  • nonwovens or “nonwovens” is used in the context of the present invention, in particular, as a designation for flexible, porous sheet-like structures belonging to the textile composites, which are not produced by the classic methods of weaving warp and weft or by loop formation, but rather by intertwining and / or cohesive and / or adhesive connections are made of textile fibers.
  • Nonwovens are generally loose materials made from staple fibers or filaments, in particular from synthetic fibers or man-made fibers (e.g. polypropylene, polyester, viscose, etc.), the cohesion of which is given by the adhesion of the fibers themselves.
  • the individual fibers can have a preferred direction (so-called oriented or cross-ply nonwovens) or they can also be non-directional (so-called random nonwovens).
  • the fleeces can be mechanically strengthened by needling, meshing or by swirling with sharp water jets (so-called spunlaced fleeces).
  • particularly suitable nonwovens can be, for example, by spunbonding, meltblow- Method and preferably by electrospinning (cf., for example, US Pat. No. 6,641,773 B2).
  • Adhesively bonded nonwovens are created by gluing the fibers with liquid binders (e.g.
  • spunbonded nonwovens ie flat structures produced by spinning them and then laying them down, inflating or sponging them onto a conveyor belt.
  • Nonwovens containing additional threads, woven or knitted fabrics are considered to be reinforced nonwovens.
  • nonwovens or nonwovens with any, purpose-specific properties can be produced in a targeted manner. Like all textiles, nonwovens can also be subjected to textile finishing processes.
  • nonwovens can also be subjected to textile finishing processes.
  • the weight per unit area of the flat structures used according to the invention can vary within wide ranges.
  • the weight per unit area of the planar structures used according to the invention is in the range from 15 to 500 g / m 2 , in particular 30 to 400 g / m 2 , more in particular from 40 to 350 g / m 2 .
  • a particularly good retention capacity against pathogens is achieved if a textile fabric consisting of textile fibers, preferably fleece, is used as the outer layer and / or inner layer, the average diameter of which of the textile fibers is at most 100 m ⁇ ti, in particular at most 30 miti, preferably at most 20 miti, preferably at most 10 miti, particularly preferably at most 5 miti, very particularly preferably at most 2 miti.
  • the diameter of the textile fibers from which the textile fabric forming the layer consists should be in the range from 0.05 to 50 ⁇ m, in particular which are 0.1 to 50 mih, preferably 0.2 to 30 mih, particularly preferably 0.2 to 20 mih, very particularly preferably 0.5 to 10 mih.
  • Suitable textile fabrics, in particular nonwovens, with the aforementioned textile fiber diameters can be, for. B. in the meltblow or preferably in the electrospinning process.
  • the outer layer and / or inner layer is designed as a textile fabric consisting of textile fibers with pores or meshes delimited by the textile fibers.
  • the individual textile fibers thus limit the meshes (e.g. in the case of woven fabrics) or pores (e.g. in the case of nonwovens).
  • the textile fabric should have a mean pore size or mean mesh size - depending on the type of fabric - of greater than 1 miti, in particular greater than 10 m ⁇ ti, preferably greater than 50 m ⁇ ti, particularly preferably greater than 100 m ⁇ ti, or more than 200 mti. In this way, a good separation rate with regard to particles and aerosols and / or a low breathing resistance can be achieved.
  • the separation efficiency of the outer layer and / or inner layer for textile fabrics of the aforementioned type with pores or meshes delimited by the textile fibers also depends crucially on the ratio of the mean pore size or mesh size to the mean diameter of the textile fibers away.
  • the ratio or the quotient of the mean pore size or mesh size to the mean diameter of the textile fibers should be in the range from 0.1 to 2,000, in particular 1 to 500, preferably 5 to 350, particularly preferably 10 to 300, very particularly preferably 25 to 250, vary.
  • the ratio or the quotient of the mean pore size or mesh size to the mean diameter of the textile fibers should be at most 2,000, in particular at most 500, preferably at most 350, particularly preferably at most 300, very particularly preferably at most 250.
  • the ratio or the quotient of the mean pore size or mesh size to the mean diameter of the textile fibers should be at least 0.1, in particular at least 1, preferably at least 5, particularly preferably at least 10, very particularly preferably at least 25, even more preferably at least 40 . In this way, particularly efficient separation rates with regard to pathogens and aerosols are achieved.
  • the outer layer and / or inner layer is a textile fabric consisting of textile fibers, preferably a nonwoven.
  • textile Fibers Natural fibers, preferably wool or cotton, and / or synthetic fibers (also referred to synonymously as chemical fibers), such as cellulosic fibers, for example viscose fibers, can be used.
  • suitable textile fibers are selected, for example, from the group of polyesters (PES); Polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (CLF); Polyvinylidene chloride (CLF); Acetate (CA); Triacetate (CTA); Polyacrylic (PAN), polyamide (PA); Polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL); Polyurethanes; Polyvinyl esters; (Meth) acrylates; as well as their mixtures.
  • PET polyesters
  • Polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (CLF); Polyvinylidene chloride (CLF); Acetate (CA); Triacetate (CTA); Polyacrylic (PAN), polyamide (PA); Polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL); Polyurethanes; Polyvinyl esters; (Meth) acrylates; as well as their mixtures.
  • textile fibers also referred to synonymously as textile fibers - reference can be made, for example, to Römpp Chemielexikon, loc. Cit., Pages 4477 to 4479, keyword: "textile fibers", the entire disclosure content of which, including the references cited there, herewith is incorporated by reference.
  • textile fibers is understood as a collective term for all fibers that can be processed with textiles; What the textile fibers have in common is a large length compared to their cross-section as well as sufficient strength and flexibility, whereby the textile fibers can be divided into different groups according to their origin or material composition.
  • the outer layer and / or inner layer can have an average efficiency E m according to DIN EN 779 (July 1993) of at least 40%, in particular at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90 %, very particularly preferably at least 95%. Furthermore, for this purpose, the outer layer and / or inner layer can have an average degree of separation A m according to DIN EN 779 (July 1993) of at least 50%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably at least 95%, very particularly preferably at least 99 %, exhibit.
  • the outer layer and / or inner layer is advantageously designed in such a way that, at a flow velocity of 0.1 m / s, it has an average separation rate for particles and / or aerosols with diameters in the range from 1 to 100 m ⁇ ti of at least 80%, in particular at least 90%, preferably at least 95%.
  • the outer layer and / or inner layer should have an average separation rate for particles and / or aerosols with diameters> 1 m ⁇ ti, in particular> 10 mhi, further in particular> 50 m ⁇ ti, preferably> 100 m ⁇ ti, at a flow velocity of 0.1 m / s at least 95%, in particular at least 98%, preferably at least 99%.
  • the thickness of the particle and / or aerosol filter layer should be in the range from 0.001 to 10 mm, in particular 0.1 to 5 mm, preferably 0.01 to 1 mm.
  • Another object of the invention - according to a further aspect of the present invention, which can optionally also be implemented together with the first aspect of the present invention - is a breathing mask with at least one outer layer and at least one inner layer, the outer layer and / or the inner layer in particular is wash-permanently hydrophobic.
  • the function of the outer layer and / or the inner layer can be improved by means of chemical substances.
  • the penetration of sputum, breath or saliva can be further reduced by means of a hydrophobic finish.
  • Flydrophobing agents suitable for this purpose are well known to the person skilled in the art, for example fluoropolymers, such as fluorocarbon resins etc.
  • the flydrophobizing agent sold under the brand name "Addiguard C6 / FIFI205" by the company CTF2000, Zele (BE) can be used.
  • the product belongs to the group of fluorocarbons, which denote a group of substances that is mainly composed of perfluorinated carbon chains. The most important property of this fabric is its water-repellent character. Textiles coated with fluorocarbon are water and oil repellent. For example, to make textiles waterproof, copolymers made from perfluoroalkyl acrylates and methacrylates can be used. These are also derivatives of fluorocarbon. The fluorocarbon coating lets moisture roll off the textile surface and prevents it from being drawn into the fabric and from becoming soaked.
  • the present invention also relates to a further aspect of the present invention, which may also be implemented together with at least one of the aforementioned aspects of the present invention can - a respiratory protection mask of the type described at the outset, the outer layer and / or the inner layer, in particular, being provided with a biocidal finish, in particular based on silver, so that it is wash-permanent.
  • a biocidal finish in particular based on silver, so that it is wash-permanent.
  • the growth of accompanying germs such as viruses and / or bacteria can be minimized by means of a biocide treatment.
  • the outer layer and / or the inner layer can be provided with biocidal and / or biostatic equipment or equipment based on catalytically active components.
  • the biocidally or biostatically active catalytically active component can in particular be worked into or incorporated into the textile fabric, in particular into the fibers, threads, yarns, filaments or the like formed by the fabric, for example by spinning, extrusion, impregnation processes, chemical or plasma-chemical treatment processes or similar.
  • Metals or metal compounds in particular from the group of copper, silver, cadmium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, zinc, mercury, titanium, zirconium and / or aluminum and their ions and / or salts can be used as the biocidally or biostatically active catalytically active component , preferably copper and silver and their ions and / or salts, particularly preferably from the group of Ag, Ag2O, Cu, CU2O and CuO and mixtures thereof, are used.
  • the amount of catalytically active component, based on the overall layer can vary in the range from 0.001 to 20% by weight, in particular from 0.005 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight.
  • textile fabrics which are acted upon by a biostatically or biocidally acting catalytically active component and which can be used in the context of the present invention are commercially available, e.g. B. from Cupron Corporation, New York (USA), Foss Manufacturing Company Inc., Flampton, New Flampshire (USA) or Noble Fiber Technologies, Clarks Summit, Pennsylvania (USA).
  • the product “Ultra-Fresh” from Thomson Research Associates, Inc., Toronta (CA) or the product “Silpure FPR-5 & FPR-6” from Thomson Research Associates, Inc., can be used as a means for a biocidal finish Toronto (CA).
  • CA biocidal finish
  • the latter product is used for a biocide silver finish in order to minimize the growth of germs such as viruses and / or bacteria.
  • a killing of pathogens can also be achieved through heat treatment.
  • all components of the respirator according to the invention can therefore be temperature-resistant during heat treatment, for example in a conventional oven, up to 70 ° C., preferably up to 80 ° C., more preferably up to 90 ° C. or even up to 100 ° C. or higher temperatures.
  • the outer layer and / or the inner layer is material-resistant to textile cleaning agents and / or in particular ethanol- or alcohol-based disinfectants.
  • Anionic and non-ionic surfactants can be used as the main constituent of detergents, as well as water softeners, washing alkalis to increase the pH value of the washing liquor, enzymes for removing protein and starchy stains and dirt carriers that keep the loosened dirt in suspension or prevent it that it lies down again on the outer layer and / or the inner layer.
  • Curd soaps and silicones can be used as defoamers. Fragrances can mask an inherent odor.
  • outer layers and / or inner layers are used on top of one another in order to increase the separation efficiency or the retention capacity against pathogens. to improve and to increase the stability of the respirator.
  • these can consist of the same or different textile fabrics and / or have such.
  • the outer layer and the inner layer can be connected to one another at least in sections by means of sewing, pressing, gluing, welding or embroidering, in particular to form the mask pocket.
  • the outer layer and inner layer are preferably sewn to one another, in particular on the outer edges of the layers, so that simple and inexpensive manufacture of the protective mask is possible.
  • the outer layer and the inner layer can consist of separate flat pieces or have such flat pieces, wherein, preferably, the flat pieces are formed by different textile flat structures. To form the mask pocket, the flat pieces are then connected to one another in sections, in particular at the outer edges. It is not excluded, however, that the outer layer and the inner layer consist of a flat piece of a textile fabric or have such a flat piece, the flat piece being folded over on itself to form the mask pocket and then the folded areas being connected, in particular at the edges.
  • the outer layer and the inner layer can consist of and / or have different textile fabrics.
  • the outer layer can in particular have a greater weight per unit area and / or a smaller mean pore or mesh size of the pores or meshes delimited by textile fibers and / or textile fibers with a smaller mean diameter and / or a greater bacterial filter performance (BFE) according to DIN EN 14683: 2019 -10 and / or have a greater breathing resistance according to DIN EN 14683: 2019-10 than the inner layer.
  • BFE bacterial filter performance
  • a functionally optimized construction of the breathing mask can thus be achieved, the outer layer being provided in particular as a stability-providing part of the breathing mask and the inner layer being provided to complete the mask pocket.
  • the mask pocket has at least one opening.
  • the mask pocket can also have several openings, in particular two or three openings, for introducing the filter material into the mask pocket. If there are several openings the introduction can be handled in a simplified manner. However, if only one opening is provided, this can help to achieve a stable arrangement of the filter layer between the outer layer and the inner layer.
  • the opening of the mask pocket can be formed on the inside and / or on the outside of the respiratory protection mask.
  • the opening is preferably formed on the inside of the mask pocket, that is to say in the area of the inner layer, while the outer layer is closed.
  • the respiratory protection mask is thus designed to be essentially uninterrupted on its outside and the filter layer is only accessible via the inside of the respiratory protection mask. This contributes to an appealing overall aesthetic impression of the respiratory protection mask and prevents the filter layer from coming into contact with the faces of the wearer inadvertently via the mask opening when the wearer touches the mask from the outside.
  • An opening of the mask pocket can be provided in the area above the mouth or, preferably, below the mouth or laterally spaced from the mouth of a person wearing the mask, based on the wearing state of the respiratory protection mask.
  • a plurality of, preferably two, openings in the mask pocket can also be provided in the area above the mouth and below the mouth and / or laterally on both sides of the mouth, based on the wearing state of the respirator.
  • the mask pocket can be closed in the area in front of the mouth and / or nose, so that in the area in front of the mouth and / or in front of the nose of the wearer there is always an at least three-layer construction of the protective mask and a high separation efficiency is ensured.
  • the area of the respiratory protection mask that lies in front of the mouth and / or the nose of the wearer when it is worn is not weakened by an opening. This leads to a high stability of the mask structure, so that when speaking and / or coughing there cannot be an undesired deformation associated with sealing problems of the mask in the mouth and / or nasal area.
  • the opening of the mask pocket can be formed on an outer edge of the respiratory protection mask, preferably on a lower longitudinal edge.
  • the opening of the mask pocket can also be provided in a central area of the inner layer and / or the outer layer and thus, in relation to a wearing state of the respiratory mask, be in front of the mouth and / or nose of a wearer of the respiratory mask.
  • the opening of the mask pocket can only extend over part of the width and / or the length of the outer layer and / or part of the width and / or the length of the inner layer, with, preferably, the mask opening from the outer edges of the outer layer and / or the inner layer is spaced. This also ensures that the filter layer can be introduced into the mask pocket in a simple manner, rests against both layers from the inside when it is worn inside the mask pocket, and unwanted slipping and / or displacement of the filter layer is prevented.
  • the distance between the opening of the mask pocket and the outer edges of the outer layer and / or the inner layer can be at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%, of the width and / or the length of the outer layer and / or the width and / or the length of the inner layer. At least the distance should preferably be at least 1 cm, more preferably at least 2 cm.
  • a further preferred embodiment provides that the opening of the mask pocket when the respirator is in the wearing state of at least two overlapping and / or overlapping edge portions of the inner layer and / or the outer layer is reversibly closed.
  • the opening of the mask pocket is then preferably provided to pull the edge sections apart with your fingers so that the opening is released and the filter material can be introduced into the mask pocket or removed from the mask pocket.
  • the edge sections can then automatically retract into the closed state of the mask pocket due to the elastic material properties of the textile fabric used.
  • elastic restoring means can also be provided in order to pull the edge sections back from a deformed opening state into the closed state of the mask pocket.
  • at least one elastic cal restoring means in particular an elastic textile band and / or a rubber band, can be attached to the inner layer and / or the outer layer in order to pull the inner layer and / or the outer layer together and thus keep the opening of the mask pocket in an at least substantially closed state.
  • the opening of the mask pocket can also be reversibly closable with at least one closure means, such as a Velcro and / or adhesive closure, a zip fastener or also an adhesive strip.
  • closure means such as a Velcro and / or adhesive closure, a zip fastener or also an adhesive strip.
  • the inner layer and / or the outer layer can be interrupted at least in sections in the area of the opening of the mask pocket, the interruption being at least essentially parallel to the mouth-nose axis of a wearer of the respiratory mask in relation to a wearing state of the respirator, that is, can extend in the vertical direction and / or in the width direction of the respirator.
  • the opening of the mask pocket is reversibly closed when the mask is being worn by overlapping and / or superimposing edge sections of the inner layer and / or the outer layer, an elongated opening, the longitudinal axis of which is essentially parallel to the mouth-nose axis of the wearer Protective mask and / or runs in the width direction of the protective mask, be advantageous.
  • the edge sections are then not or only insignificantly deformed and pulled apart, so that the mask opening always remains closed.
  • Another object of the present invention - according to a further aspect of the present invention - is thus a respiratory mask of the type mentioned at the beginning, with at least one mask pocket for exchangeable reception, in particular for plugging in and / or inserting, of at least one filter layer between the outer layer and the inner layer is formed, wherein an opening of the mask pocket is provided in a central area of the inner layer and / or the outer layer, wherein the opening is formed by an elongated interruption of the inner layer and / or the outer layer and wherein the interruption relates to a wearing state of the respirator at least extends essentially parallel to the mouth-nose axis of a wearer of the respirator and / or in the width direction of the respirator.
  • the inner layer and / or the outer layer can be formed in at least two pieces. At least one layer can then have two separate layer pieces that are connected to the other layer and / or with one another, wherein the layer pieces can preferably consist of the same textile fabric or also of different textile fabrics.
  • openings of the pocket areas can face one another, in particular for the common accommodation of at least one filter layer made of a filter material.
  • the opening edges of the pocket areas can run essentially parallel to one another in the worn state.
  • the opening edges of the pocket areas can extend at least essentially parallel to the mouth-nose axis of a wearer of the breathing mask and / or in the vertical direction, in relation to a wearing state of the respirator.
  • the openings of the pocket areas can preferably be reversibly closed when the respiratory protection mask is worn by at least regionally overlapping and / or superimposed edge strips of the layer pieces.
  • each layer piece of the inner layer is connected to the outer layer at the upper and lower longitudinal edges and at the left or right transverse edge, preferably in a substantially U-shape.
  • An object of the present invention - according to a further aspect of the present invention, which can also be implemented together with at least one of the aspects described above - is thus a respiratory mask of the type mentioned at the beginning, with at least one mask pocket for exchangeable accommodation between the outer layer and the inner layer , in particular for plugging in and / or inserting, is formed by at least one filter layer, the inner layer and / or the outer layer being at least two pieces and formed by at least two separate pieces of at least one textile fabric connected to the other layer and / or interconnected is and / or has such layer pieces, wherein between each layer piece and the other layer is formed with a pocket area of a common mask pocket, with openings of the pocket areas facing each other for, in particular, common accommodation of at least one filter layer made of a filter material, and with the opening edges of the pocket areas being at least substantially parallel to the mouth in relation to a wearing state of the respirator -Nose axis of a wearer of the respirator and / or extend in the vertical direction and / or
  • At least two straps can be provided to fix the respiratory mask on the head of a user.
  • the straps have elastic properties and / or consist of elastic textiles, so that the respirator is held essentially tightly against the facial contour of the wearer. Missing leaks can thereby be reduced.
  • the tapes can also be machine-washable and / or heat-resistant when subjected to heat treatment, as described above.
  • the respiratory protection mask can have an integrated nosepiece for adaptation to the facial contour of a wearer in a manner known per se.
  • the bacterial filter performance (BFE) of the outer layer and / or the inner layer according to DIN EN 14683: 2019-10 can be less than 98%, in particular less than 95%, preferably less than 80%, particularly preferably less than 60%.
  • the breathing resistance of the outer layer and / or the inner layer according to DIN EN 14683: 2019-10 can be> 10 [Pa / cm 2 ] and / or ⁇ 40 [Pa / cm 2 ], preferably ⁇ 30 [Pa / cm 2 ].
  • the invention relates in particular to a respirator of the type described above with at least one filter layer made of a filter material that is plugged or inserted into a mask pocket of the respirator, the filter material being used to reduce the germ, in particular viral load, and / or as a microbiological barrier and / or aerosol and / or particle barrier, is formed when breathing and / or ambient air flows through.
  • the respirator mask described above describes how the mask is worn when a filter material rial is arranged as at least the third layer between the outer layer and the inner layer.
  • the filter material can preferably be a cellulose and / or cellulose product, for example a paper handkerchief, a coffee filter, a paper napkin, a paper kitchen towel, a sanitary napkin or a panty liner, or a portion thereof.
  • a paper handkerchief for example a paper handkerchief, a coffee filter, a paper napkin, a paper kitchen towel, a sanitary napkin or a panty liner, or a portion thereof.
  • Such filter materials are easily and inexpensively available even in the event of a crisis, the list of suitable pulp and / or cellulose products not being exhaustive.
  • any material can be introduced into the mask pocket as a filter material whose separation efficiency against pathogens is at least comparable to the separation efficiency of the outer layer and / or the inner layer or preferably has a higher separation efficiency.
  • the bacterial filter performance of the respiratory protection mask according to the invention formed from the at least one outer layer, the at least one filter layer and the at least one inner layer according to DIN EN 14683: 2019-10 can be at least 60%, but also> 95%, particularly preferably> 98%, be.
  • the breath resistance of the respirator according to the invention according to DIN EN 14683: 2019-10 can be> 10 [Pa / cm 2 ] and / or ⁇ 60 [Pa / cm 2 ], preferably ⁇ 40 [Pa / cm 2 ].
  • the microbiological purity of the respirator according to DIN EN 14683: 2019-10 can be> 5 [CFU / g] and / or ⁇ 30 [CFU / g].
  • the respiratory protection mask according to the invention can in particular meet the requirements for face-to-face protective masks that result from DIN EN 14683: 2019-10.
  • the respiratory protection mask according to the invention can also meet the requirements for particle-filtering half-face masks or fine dust masks of the type FFP1, FFP2 and / or even FFP3, which are tested according to the DIN EN 149 standard.
  • the filter layer has a greater bacterial filter performance (BFE) according to DIN EN 14683 than the outer layer and / or the inner layer.
  • BFE bacterial filter performance
  • the size of the mask pocket may allow, if necessary, also use several filter layers arranged one above the other and / or next to one another.
  • Another object of the present invention is a filter layer for introducing, in particular plugging in or inserting, into the mask pocket of a respiratory protection mask according to the invention.
  • Another object of the present invention is an advantageous use of a respirator of the type described above, in particular designed as a whale mask, as mouth and nose protection (MNS), in particular to reduce the secretion of infectious pathogens from the mouth and nose and / or as a surgical face mask in particular microbiological barrier, and / or in particular as an aerosol-filtering respiratory mask and / or particle filter mask, further in particular to prevent the transmission of pathogens through droplet infection and / or in particular to reduce the germ, in particular viral load, for example in the case of epidemic or pandemic spread of infectious diseases such as COVID- 19th
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a respirator according to the invention in the wearing state
  • FIG. 2 shows the respiratory protection mask shown in FIG. 1 in the non-use state with a view of the inside
  • FIG. 3 shows the respiratory protection mask from FIG. 2, with an opening formed between two layer pieces of an inner layer of the respiratory protection mask being shown schematically, which allows access to an inner mask pocket, and FIG. 3
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of a further embodiment of a respiratory protection mask according to the invention in the non-use state.
  • a breathing mask 1 designed as a half-face mask, preferably for use as mouth and nose protection, in particular for reducing the secretion of infectious pathogens from the mouth and nose and / or as a surgical face mask with a microbiological barrier, and / or for use as an aerosol-filtering respiratory mask and / or filter particle mask, further in particular to prevent the transmission of pathogens through droplet infection and / or in particular for reduction the germ and viral load, for example in the case of epidemic or pandemic spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
  • the breathing mask 1 has an outer layer 2 and an inner layer 3.
  • tension straps 5 can be provided in a manner known per se. What is not shown is that the respiratory protection mask 1 can also have an integrated nosepiece for adaptation to the facial contour of the person 4.
  • the dimensions and shape of the respiratory protection mask 1 can correspond to the dimensions and shape of common respiratory protection masks of the MNS type known from the prior art. The same applies to the type of attachment of the respiratory protection mask 1 to the head of the person 4.
  • the outer layer 2 and the inner layer 3 each consist of a breathable textile fabric and / or have one, with a mask pocket 6 being formed between the outer layer 2 and the inner layer 3 for the exchangeable or reversible accommodation of a filter layer (not shown) made of a filter material .
  • the filter material can be in the form of a flat structure made of cellulose and / or a cellulose product. In principle, a flat textile structure can also be used as the filter material.
  • the breathing mask 1 shown thus has at least a three-layer structure, formed from the outer layer 2, the inner layer 3 and the filter layer (not shown). By removing the filter layer, it is possible to wash or clean the respiratory mask 1 after a certain period of use in order to kill pathogens, in particular viruses and bacteria, or to considerably reduce the number of germs. By exchanging the filter material or the filter layer, the breathing mask 1 can be reused, and used or contaminated filter material can be processed or disposed of.
  • the outer layer 2 and the inner layer 3 are connected to one another by sewing.
  • the embodiment shown has, for example, a seam 7 running around the outer edge of the layers 2, 3 and connecting the layers 2, 3 to one another.
  • An opening 8 is provided on the inside of the breathing mask 1 for introducing, in particular plugging in or inserting, a filter material or a filter layer into the mask pocket 6.
  • the opening 8 is formed in a central area of the inner layer 3 and is therefore located in front of the mouth and / or nose of the person 4 in relation to the wearing state of the respiratory protection mask 1. This ensures that the filter layer is always in front of the mouth and nose of the person 4 when the respirator 1 is worn and thus breathing air and / or ambient air always flows through the filter layer when breathing in and out.
  • the opening 8 extends in relation to the wearing state of the respirator 1 at least essentially parallel to the mouth-nose axis of the person 4 and / or in the width direction of the respirator 1, the longitudinal course of the opening 8 being shown schematically in FIG 2 is represented by line 9.
  • the inner layer is designed in two pieces with two layer pieces 10, 11.
  • FIG. 2 shows the layer pieces 10, 11 in the closed state of the mask pocket 6.
  • Each layer piece 10, 11 is with the outer layer 2 along two outer longitudinal edges 12, 13 the inner layer 3 and sewn along an outer transverse edge 14, 15 to the outer layer 2, so that two pocket areas 16 closed on three sides result, the openings of which face one another in relation to the wearing state of the respirator 1.
  • the pocket areas 16 together form the mask pocket 6 for the common accommodation of at least one filter layer made of the filter material.
  • the opening edges 17 of the pocket areas 16 run at least substantially in relation to a relieved state of the layer pieces 10, 11 shown in FIG. or in the width direction of layers 2, 3.
  • the openings of the pocket areas 16, based on the wearing state of the respiratory protection mask 1, are at least partially overlapped. pending and / or superimposed edge strips 18 of the layer pieces 10, 11 are reversibly closed.
  • the edge strips 18 are manually pulled apart in the longitudinal direction of the layers 2, 3, so that the opening 8 shown in FIG. 3 is formed for inserting or removing a filter layer.
  • the elasticity of the textile material from which the layer pieces 10, 11 are made is preferably sufficiently high so that the pulled apart edge strips 18 come back into or out of the mask pocket 6 after the filter layer has been inserted or removed and the restoring forces of the textile material are relieved pull back the edge strips 18 in the overlapping state shown in FIG. This ensures that the filter layer is held securely between the outer layer 2 and the inner layer 3 without any further aids.
  • a textile band 19, shown only schematically in FIGS. 2 and 3, is provided, which is provided to keep the respiratory mask 1 under tension, so that when the respiratory mask 1 is worn, the respiratory mask 1 is well adapted to the facial contour of the person 4 and a small amount of missed leakage are ensured.
  • the opening 8 preferably extends only over part of the width of the outer layer 2 and the inner layer 3.
  • the edge strips 18 are sewn to one another via two seams 20. This results in a limitation of the way of opening in the width direction of the respiratory protection mask 1, so that a filter layer is received in a stable position in the mask pocket 6 and cannot slip unintentionally.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a respirator 1, the same, functionally identical and / or corresponding features and / or components of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the embodiment of a respirator 1 shown in FIG. 4 being provided with the same reference numerals are.
  • the respiratory protection mask 1 has an opening 8 on the outer longitudinal edge 21 of the respiratory protection mask 1.
  • the opening 8 can preferably be formed on the lower longitudinal edge 21, so that the opening 8 is spaced as far as possible from the eyes of a wearer of the respirator 1.
  • Fig. 4 shows the respirator 1 in a view of the lower longitudinal edge 21 of the respirator 1 with the between The opening 8 formed of the outer layer 2 and the inner layer 3, however, basically also exists for the opening 8 to be additionally or alternatively provided on an upper longitudinal edge 22 (in FIG. 4 the lower outer edge of the respirator 1).
  • the inner layer 3 consists of two layer pieces 10, 11 which are sewn together.
  • the outer layer 2 can consist of two layer pieces 23, 24 which are also sewn to one another.
  • the outer layer and / or the inner layer 3 can, however, also be formed in one piece.
  • a nosepiece can be provided in a manner known per se in order to adapt the contour of the respiratory protection mask 1 to the contour of the face.
  • the nose clip can be a simple metal strip.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un masque respiratoire (1) comprenant au moins une couche externe (2) et au moins une couche interne (3), la couche externe (2) et la couche interne (3) comprenant chacune au moins un matériau de feuille textile perméable à la respiration et/ou constituée d'un tel matériau de feuille textile et/ou formée par un tel matériau de feuille textile, et au moins une poche de masque (6) formée entre la couche externe (2) et la couche interne (3) pour recevoir de manière remplaçable au moins une couche de filtre.
PCT/EP2020/060516 2020-04-03 2020-04-15 Protection faciale, en particulier masque de protection WO2021197641A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020109361.6 2020-04-03
DE102020109361 2020-04-03
DE102020109962.2A DE102020109962A1 (de) 2020-04-03 2020-04-09 Gesichtsschutz, insbesondere Schutzmaske
DE102020109962.2 2020-04-09

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WO2021197641A1 true WO2021197641A1 (fr) 2021-10-07

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Citations (3)

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US6641773B2 (en) 2001-01-10 2003-11-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Electro spinning of submicron diameter polymer filaments
JP2006187508A (ja) * 2005-01-07 2006-07-20 Iwao Hishida マスク
KR20190125751A (ko) * 2018-04-30 2019-11-07 김용운 방진마스크

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ITBS20030013U1 (it) 2003-01-31 2004-08-01 Viano Marco Angelo Indumento protettivo quale, ad esempio, una sciarpa, passamontagna, un bandana, il bavero di giacca e simili, con elemento filtrante e/o san itizzante
US20150216241A1 (en) 2014-02-05 2015-08-06 Chun-Hsin Lee Multipurpose Prevents Epidemics Band
WO2017208260A1 (fr) 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 Mahesh Kudav Masque à jupe filtrant à pliage plat et procédé de fabrication de celui-ci

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US6641773B2 (en) 2001-01-10 2003-11-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Electro spinning of submicron diameter polymer filaments
JP2006187508A (ja) * 2005-01-07 2006-07-20 Iwao Hishida マスク
KR20190125751A (ko) * 2018-04-30 2019-11-07 김용운 방진마스크

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