WO2021197525A1 - Entlaubungsvorrichtung - Google Patents
Entlaubungsvorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021197525A1 WO2021197525A1 PCT/DE2020/100279 DE2020100279W WO2021197525A1 WO 2021197525 A1 WO2021197525 A1 WO 2021197525A1 DE 2020100279 W DE2020100279 W DE 2020100279W WO 2021197525 A1 WO2021197525 A1 WO 2021197525A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- defoliation
- shield
- compressed air
- working
- plant
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
- A01G17/026—Machines for removing leaves of vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
- A01D46/28—Vintaging machines, i.e. grape harvesting machines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a defoliation device with at least two defoliation units.
- defoliation / defoliation units which are based on different modes of action, usually either suction air defectors designed as roller defoliators or compressed air defoliators with preferably rotating compressed air jets being used.
- DE 20 2006003 135 U1 discloses a suction air drainer designed as a roller drainer, in which two counter-rotating rollers, namely a perforated roller and an unperforated, possibly corrugated roller, are arranged in parallel with a gap. A fan sucks in air through the perforated roller and thereby pulls leaves into the gap, which are then plucked off by the rotating rollers.
- DE 10 2008 018640 A1 also discloses such a suction air vent, in which, however, the blower essentially sucks in air through the roller gap and thereby pulls leaves into the gap.
- a method for defoliation of bushes or vines by compressed air discloses z. B. DE 2549 066 A1.
- one or more compressed gas jets are directed from the side against a vine, the compressed gas jets preferably being moved in a plane normal to the direction of the jet.
- the plants or the foliage wall can also be cleaned or dried by means of compressed air.
- the suction air removers which are usually designed as roller removers, are particularly thorough in removing larger leaves and larger amounts of leaves, especially on the outside of the plant, but less effective, for example, with regard to small remains of flowers or similar plant parts that cover the grapes or fruits or stick to them and prevent or impair drying.
- Compressed air defoliators can remove such small plant parts, but to defoliate larger leaves they need relatively high pressures or such strong pressure pulses that grapes or fruits could possibly be damaged by the pressure pulses themselves or by the plant parts accelerated by the pressure pulses.
- the working speed i.e. the nominal speed at which a defollower can drive past the plant or be guided, is much higher with roller defoliers than with compressed air defoliers.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a defoliation device with the help of which both larger and smaller plant parts can be safely and precisely removed without damaging fruit and which allows a working speed that allows an economically sensible use in larger fruit or wine-growing businesses.
- At least two defoliation units are arranged on the back of a common shield of the defoliation device, the front surface of which faces a plant to be defoliated, the shield being provided with work openings or recesses through which the defoliation units arranged on the back act on the plant.
- the defoliation device can be moved past the plant in one working direction, and two defoliation units with different modes of action are arranged one behind the other in the working direction so that they act sequentially, i.e. one after the other, on the same plant area to be defoliated.
- Such a combination of two defoliation units with different modes of action reduces the working time by around half compared to separate use and also allows the different modes of action of the individual defoliation units to be used in a synergistic manner.
- the first of the two defoliation units arranged one behind the other in the working direction are designed as suction air defoliators and the second of the two defoliated units arranged one behind the other in the working direction as compressed air defoliators.
- One advantage is that, for example, strong compressed air jets from a compressed air defoliator reduce possible damage to the fruit, berries or grapes, since the outer leaves have already been removed and can no longer hit the fruit like "bullets”.
- Defoliation devices are usually arranged on booms or holding arms of special tractors and mounted on the booms in such a way that the devices can be appropriately delivered to the plant to be defoliated.
- the combination according to the invention of defoliation units within one device now also means that the tractor only has to drive through a row of plants once for two different processing steps or processes. The compaction of the soil by the rather heavy work equipment is therefore much less and the absorption capacity for water is less reduced, an intermediate or subsequent loosening of the soil is often no longer necessary.
- the defoliation device according to the invention When using the device according to the invention with defoliation units with different modes of action, the advantage of a reduced working time is also shown very clearly. While a working speed of up to 5 km / h can be achieved with separate operation of a roller or roller defoliator, with a compressed air defoliator up to 2.5 km / h, the defoliation device according to the invention with two defoliation units achieves a working speed of up to 7 km / h .
- a particularly advantageous development is that the front surface of the shield in the area of the working opening for the second defoliation unit in the working direction is provided with a recess opposite the front surface in the area of the working opening for the first defoliation unit in the working direction, so that the respective surface areas are offset in relation to the plant area to be defoliated.
- the second defoliation unit thus has a greater distance from the defoliated plant area than the first defoliation unit.
- This mode of operation is basically the same for all roller defolvers, be it that air is sucked in through a perforated roller or that the air is sucked directly through the roller gap.
- the working opening or recess belonging to the roller stripper / roller stripper corresponds to the roller height and is designed in its width so that the tangent to the front surface of the shield forms approximately the tangent to the roller surface and so the leaves can be sucked in and plucked.
- the plucked leaves are transported further into and through the roller deflator by the air flow and blown out or ejected via the rotating rollers.
- the offset or the recess in the front surface of the shield thus results in defoliation with as little stress as possible for the plant with two defoliation units that complement each other in their effect.
- the offset also causes the The plant is in more or less close contact with the device for a shorter time, namely only over about half the working length, so that the overall mechanical stress on the plant is kept low. The risk of plant parts getting into the rotating devices of the compressed air defoliator is also reduced.
- a further advantageous embodiment consists in the fact that the shield is formed in one piece and the recess is designed as a rear-side inclined slope or curve that connects the respective surface areas and bridges the offset in the front surface of the shield.
- Such a “gentle” transition in the formation of the front of the shield is not only easy to produce, but also avoids an abrupt spring back or kickback of parts of the plant on the following rotating nozzle devices.
- a further advantageous embodiment is that the shield is constructed in several parts so that the offset between the surface areas and thus the recess can be adjusted manually or by motor, the offset or recess preferably being able to be covered by a flexible front surface part of the shield.
- the height of the recess or offset can be adjusted to the foliage of the plants to be processed.
- the flexible cover of the offset again creates the above-described smooth transition in the front surface of the shield between the working openings of the roller deaerator and the compressed air deaerator.
- a further advantageous embodiment consists in the fact that the front surface of the shield is inclined in the area of the recess by an angle of less than 90 ° to the surface normal. Such a flat slope also works in the sense of a flowing, gentle transition.
- a further advantageous embodiment consists in that the shield is designed to be pivotable about a vertical and / or horizontal axis, preferably with respect to the arm carrying the defoliation device and / or with respect to the leaf wall to be worked. This allows sloping foliage areas, such as those for Sunny side are cut flat and inclined, can be processed gently in a simple manner.
- the first defoliation unit in the working direction is designed as a roller defoliator with rollers that can be driven in opposite directions
- the second defoliator unit in the working direction is configured as a compressed air defoliator with rotating compressed air jets directed at the plant areas to be defoliated, preferably with pulsed compressed air jets, the compressed air jets from nozzles emerging from a rotating drivable nozzle arrangement, rotate on a circular path, the diameter of which corresponds essentially to the effective working height of the rollers that can be driven in opposite directions and thus to the height of the associated working opening or recess for the roller debarker.
- Compressed air defoliators designed with rotating jets of compressed air aimed at the plant areas to be defoliated cover the entire working area several times in accordance with their speed according to their speed of construction and thus provide a safe and very effective "second" defoliation .
- a further advantageous embodiment is that the defoliation unit, which is first in the working direction, is designed as a roller defoliator with rollers that can be driven in opposite directions, and the defoliation unit, which is second in the working direction, is designed as a compressed air defoliator with several rotating compressed air jets directed at the plant areas to be defoliated, preferably with pulsed compressed air jets, the compressed air jets from Nozzles of at least two rotatably drivable nozzle assemblies, exiting, rotate on several circular paths, the diameter of which is smaller than the height of the working opening or recess formed in the shield for the roller defoiler.
- the common effective working height of the multiple rotating compressed air jets corresponds to the working height of the rollers that can be driven in opposite directions and thus to the height of the associated working opening or recess for the roller deflator.
- outlet cross-section or the nozzle opening diameter of the respective nozzles belonging to the nozzle arrangements that can be driven in rotation is adjustable, for example in terms of its size or also its inclination / direction.
- a further advantageous embodiment consists in that guide elements for plant parts are provided on the front surface of the shield, preferably guide rails or rods running in the working direction.
- guide elements for example in the form of guide rods arranged on the upper and lower edge of the shield and protruding over the front surface of the shield, serve to delimit and define the plant area to be defoliated, namely by preventing the air currents from both Defoliation aggregates the plant parts are bent, blown or broken.
- a further advantageous embodiment consists in that the suction air bleeder arranged on the rear side of the common shield is designed so that its suction air flow is adjustable or pivotable, preferably tiltable forward with respect to the working direction.
- the suction flow of the suction air defoliator is so slightly inclined forwards in the working direction / direction of travel, so that, among other things, the compressed air pulses of the compressed air defoliator are influenced as little as possible by the suction flow from the suction air defoliator / roller defoliator.
- a suction area inclined forward in the working direction can enable a higher working speed.
- a further advantageous embodiment consists in that the defoliation units arranged on the rear side of the common shield are pivotable and / or detachable are connected to or hinged to the shield.
- Such a design allows easy maintenance and cleaning of the defoliation units and, after loosening and / or pivoting the units back, also allows rear access to the corresponding work openings in the shield, which can also be easily cleaned in this way.
- An advantageous method for operating a defoliation device is that the suction air flow of the suction air defoliator is at least partially used to cool components of the compressed air defoliator or to cool a vehicle carrying the defoliation device, preferably after separation of the leaf residues carried along in the air flow.
- Another advantageous method, because it is energy-saving, for operating a defoliation device according to the invention is that a central air supply is used to generate compressed air for the compressed air bleeder and suction air for the suction air bleeder.
- FIG. 1 shows the use of the device according to the invention on the cantilever arm of a tractor in the form of a basic illustration
- FIG. 2 shows the defoliation device according to the invention in a view from its side facing the leaf wall or the defoliated surface
- FIG. 3 shows the defoliation device shown in FIG. 2 in an enlarged perspective view
- FIG. 4 shows a rear view of the defoliation device shown in FIG. 2 with the defoliation units arranged on the rear of the common shield
- 5 shows the defoliation units of the defoliation device according to the invention, which are pivotably arranged on the rear side of the common shield.
- FIG. 1 outlines the use of the device according to the invention in the form of a basic illustration.
- the sketch shows a tractor 1 seen obliquely from the front above, which carries a defoliation device 3 according to the invention on a boom 2 located on its front side and moves in the direction of travel 4 in a vineyard between two rows of vines 5, 6.
- the direction of travel 4 of the tractor 1 is therefore identical to the working direction of the defoliation device 3.
- 2 shows the defoliation device 3 according to the invention in a more detailed representation in a view from its side facing the foliage wall or the defoliated surface.
- 2 shows the front surface of a shield 7 of the defoliation device, on the rear of which several defoliation units are arranged.
- the shield 7 is provided with working openings or recesses 8, 9 through which the defoliation units arranged on the back act on the plant, while the entire defoliation device 3 moves in the working direction 4 past the plant, i.e. in this case past the area of the row of vines 6 to be defoliated will.
- FIG. 3 shows the defoliation device shown in FIG. 2 in an enlarged perspective view
- FIG. 4 shows the associated rear detailed view.
- the working opening 8 is essentially rectangular, its front edge 10 in the working direction being cut out in a zigzag shape and thus roughly adapted to a corrugated roller 11.
- the first defoliation unit in the direction of travel or working direction 4 is here namely as a roller or roller defoliator 100 with two counter-rotating rollers 11 and 12, with a corrugated roller 11 being arranged parallel and with a gap to a counter-roller 12.
- the roller detractor / roller detractor 100 is known per se and is therefore not described in any further detail here.
- the working opening or recess 8 belonging to the roller stripper / roller stripper 100 corresponds to the roller height and is designed in its width so that the tangent to the front surface of the shield forms approximately the tangent to the roller surfaces and so the leaves on the shield surface can be sucked and plucked .
- the plucked leaves are transported by the air flow on the rear side into and through the roller deaerator and through the radial compressor 13 and blown out.
- the defoliation unit 200 is designed as a double unit in the embodiment of the defoliation device according to the invention described here and consists of two compressed air defoliators 201, 202 arranged one above the other with several rotating compressed air jets directed at the plant areas to be defoliated, here with pulsed compressed air jets. This becomes clear in the synopsis of FIGS. 2 to 4.
- the compressed air jets emerge from nozzles 14 of two rotating nozzle arrangements 15 (FIG. 5) and rotate on two circular paths, the diameter 16 of which is smaller than the fleas 17 of the working opening 8 formed in the shield for the roller deadener.
- the common effective working height 18 of the plurality of rotating compressed air jets corresponds to the working height of the rollers that can be driven in opposite directions and thus the fleas 17 of the associated working opening 8 for the roller defector.
- the working openings 9 are each designed as a partial circle, ring-shaped opening slots for the rotating compressed gas jets and the diameter of the respective opening slots corresponds to the diameter 16 of the circular path on which the respective associated outlet nozzles 14 rotate.
- pressurized gas deaerators with rotating pressurized gas jets are also known per se, which is why the two double units 201 and 202 are not described in any further detail here.
- the defoliation units 100 and 200 ie 201 and 202, arranged one behind the other in relation to the working and travel direction 4 and behind the working opening 8 on the one hand and behind the working openings 9 of the shield 7, thus act sequentially, i.e. one after the other, on the plant area to be defoliated, such as when viewed together with FIG. 1 becomes clear.
- defoliation is carried out by the roller defoliator 100, then defoliation by the two compressed air defoliators 201 and 202.
- the embodiment of the defoliation device according to the invention described here with its two defoliation units 100 and 200 of different types of action allows extremely gentle defoliation.
- a particularly important characteristic of the embodiment of the embodiment of the defoliation device according to the invention described here can be clearly seen both in FIG. 3 and in FIG.
- the front surface of the shield 7, i.e. the surface facing the plant, is provided in the area of the working openings 9 for the second defoliation unit 200 in the working direction with a recess 19 opposite the front surface in the area of the working opening 8 for the first defoliation unit 100 in the working direction, so that the respective surface areas have an offset 20 with respect to the plant area to be defoliated.
- the shield 7 is designed in one piece, the recess 19 being designed as a slope that is inclined at the rear and connects the respective surface areas and bridges the offset in the front surface of the shield.
- this offset 20 or the recess 19 in the front surface of the shield 7 in combination with the other features is decisive for defoliation with as little stress as possible for the plant with two defoliation units that complement each other in their effect.
- the offset also has the effect that the plant more or less adjoins the device for a shorter time, namely over approximately half the working length Contact is made so that the overall mechanical stress on the plant is kept low.
- guide elements for parts of plants are provided, in this embodiment as guide rods 21 extending in the working direction on the upper and lower edges of the shield.
- the guide rods are bevelled in a recessed manner on the inlet side and outlet side.
- Fig. 5 shows yet another advantageous design of the embodiment presented here, namely a design in which the defoliation units 100 and 200 or 201 and 202 arranged on the back of a common shield 7 can be pivoted with the Shield 7 are connected so that by opening the unit parts or after releasing and / or pivoting the units, as shown here in Fig. 5, easy maintenance and cleaning of the defoliation units and rear access to the corresponding work openings is possible.
- roller defoliator 100 defoliation unit, roller defoliator
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2020/100279 WO2021197525A1 (de) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Entlaubungsvorrichtung |
US17/916,582 US20230146936A1 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Defoliating device |
AU2020439845A AU2020439845A1 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Defoliating device |
EP20724407.0A EP4125331A1 (de) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Entlaubungsvorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2020/100279 WO2021197525A1 (de) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Entlaubungsvorrichtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2021197525A1 true WO2021197525A1 (de) | 2021-10-07 |
Family
ID=70613542
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2020/100279 WO2021197525A1 (de) | 2020-04-03 | 2020-04-03 | Entlaubungsvorrichtung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20230146936A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4125331A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2020439845A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021197525A1 (de) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2549066A1 (de) | 1974-11-04 | 1976-05-13 | Maurice Gallay | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entlauben von straeuchern, insbesondere weinstoecken |
CH692834A5 (fr) * | 1998-09-25 | 2002-11-29 | Michel Monnard | Procédé d'effeuillage de la vigne et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre. |
DE202006003135U1 (de) | 2006-02-24 | 2006-05-04 | Stockmayer, Willi | Entlaubungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für Weinstöcke |
DE102007048757A1 (de) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-23 | Lahr Gerätebau GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Entlaubung, insbesondere von Weinstöcken |
DE102008018640A1 (de) | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-23 | Willy Rinklin | Entlaubungsmaschine |
EP2820940A1 (de) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-07 | OLMI srl | Entlaubungsvorrichtung |
-
2020
- 2020-04-03 US US17/916,582 patent/US20230146936A1/en active Pending
- 2020-04-03 WO PCT/DE2020/100279 patent/WO2021197525A1/de active Application Filing
- 2020-04-03 EP EP20724407.0A patent/EP4125331A1/de active Pending
- 2020-04-03 AU AU2020439845A patent/AU2020439845A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2549066A1 (de) | 1974-11-04 | 1976-05-13 | Maurice Gallay | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entlauben von straeuchern, insbesondere weinstoecken |
CH692834A5 (fr) * | 1998-09-25 | 2002-11-29 | Michel Monnard | Procédé d'effeuillage de la vigne et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre. |
DE202006003135U1 (de) | 2006-02-24 | 2006-05-04 | Stockmayer, Willi | Entlaubungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für Weinstöcke |
DE102007048757A1 (de) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-23 | Lahr Gerätebau GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Entlaubung, insbesondere von Weinstöcken |
DE102008018640A1 (de) | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-23 | Willy Rinklin | Entlaubungsmaschine |
EP2820940A1 (de) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-07 | OLMI srl | Entlaubungsvorrichtung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4125331A1 (de) | 2023-02-08 |
US20230146936A1 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
AU2020439845A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
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