WO2021196128A1 - 加热式气溶胶产生装置及方法 - Google Patents

加热式气溶胶产生装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021196128A1
WO2021196128A1 PCT/CN2020/082995 CN2020082995W WO2021196128A1 WO 2021196128 A1 WO2021196128 A1 WO 2021196128A1 CN 2020082995 W CN2020082995 W CN 2020082995W WO 2021196128 A1 WO2021196128 A1 WO 2021196128A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
heating device
heating
stage
terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/082995
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡昌河
张幸福
窦恒恒
李亚飞
Original Assignee
深圳麦时科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳麦时科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳麦时科技有限公司
Priority to EP20928089.0A priority Critical patent/EP4111887A4/en
Priority to JP2022558171A priority patent/JP2023519311A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2020/082995 priority patent/WO2021196128A1/zh
Priority to KR1020227033706A priority patent/KR20220157982A/ko
Publication of WO2021196128A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021196128A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A24F40/53—Monitoring, e.g. fault detection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A24F40/57—Temperature control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
    • G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
    • G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
    • G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P.I., P.I.D.
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electronic cigarettes, in particular to a heating type aerosol generating device and method.
  • the aerosol generating device can produce aerosols that do not change with time, especially when the aerosol is for human consumption.
  • the fluctuation range of the heating temperature will affect the carrying nicotine and some Changes in the aerosol formation of perfumes in the situation. Therefore, it is impossible to provide aerosol delivery with consistent characteristics that do not change over time.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the prior art cannot provide aerosol delivery with consistent characteristics that do not change over time.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: constructing a heating type aerosol generation method, including:
  • the temperature of the heating device is increased from the initial temperature to the first temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device;
  • the temperature of the heating device is reduced from the first temperature to a second temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device, wherein the second temperature is less than the first temperature;
  • the temperature of the heating device is stabilized at the second temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device.
  • the temperature of the heating device rises in a curve form with time
  • the temperature of the heating device drops in a curve
  • the temperature of the heating device stabilizes in a straight line.
  • it also includes:
  • the temperature of the heating device is kept within a preset allowable temperature range in the second stage and the third stage.
  • the allowable temperature range has an upper limit between 450°C and 500°C and a lower limit between 250°C and 300°C.
  • the first temperature is between 300°C and 450°C;
  • the second temperature is between 300°C and 400°C.
  • the time of the first stage is less than 20 seconds
  • the time of the second stage is greater than 20 seconds
  • the time of the third stage is 200 seconds to 600 seconds.
  • the energy supply of the heating device is controlled in the following manner so that the temperature of the heating device reaches the second temperature:
  • the heating device is controlled to perform periodic heating according to the second heating control information.
  • the detecting the temperature of the heating device to obtain the temperature detection value includes:
  • the temperature detection value of the heating device is determined according to the resistance value detection value.
  • the method further includes:
  • the temperature detection value is compensated according to the state of the heating and cooling engine of the heating device.
  • it also includes:
  • it also includes:
  • the heating device is controlled to stop heating.
  • it also includes:
  • the heating device When the preset energy value is exceeded, the heating device is controlled to stop heating.
  • it also includes:
  • the temperature of the heating device is gradually decreased from the second temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device.
  • the present invention also constructs a heating type aerosol generating device, which includes a power supply for heating devices and for supplying energy to the heating devices, and further includes:
  • the control circuit is used to increase the temperature of the heating device from the initial temperature to the first temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device in the first stage; in the second stage, by controlling the energy supply of the heating device Decrease the temperature of the heating device from the first temperature to a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is less than the first temperature; in the third stage, the heating device is controlled by the energy supply to make the The temperature of the heating device is stabilized at the second temperature.
  • control circuit includes:
  • the detection module is used to detect the temperature/resistance value of the heating device to obtain the temperature/resistance detection value;
  • the microprocessor is used to perform PID calculation between the temperature/resistance value detection value and the second temperature/target resistance value to obtain heating control information, and to control the heating device to perform periodicity according to the heating control information Heating; wherein the target resistance value is determined by the second temperature.
  • the detection module includes: a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, and a reference resistor, wherein the first end of the first switch tube and the first end of the second switch tube Are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, the second terminal of the first switch tube is connected to the first terminal of the reference resistor, the second terminal of the reference resistor and the second terminal of the second switch tube are respectively connected
  • the first end of the heating device, the second end of the heating device are connected to the first end of the third switch tube, the second end of the third switch tube is grounded, and the first input of the microprocessor
  • the second end of the microprocessor is connected to the second end of the first switch tube, the second input of the microprocessor is connected to the second end of the reference resistor, and the third input of the microprocessor is connected to the second end of the heating device.
  • the first output end of the microprocessor is connected to the control end of the first switch tube
  • the second output end of the microprocessor is connected to the control end of the second switch tube
  • the microprocessor The third output terminal of is connected to the control terminal of the third switch tube.
  • the first switching tube is an NPN transistor, the first terminal of the first switching tube is a collector, the second terminal of the first switching tube is an emitter, and the control of the first switching tube is The end is the base;
  • the second switching tube is a P-type field effect tube, the first terminal of the second switching tube is a source, the second terminal of the second switching tube is a drain, and the control terminal of the second switching tube is Is the grid;
  • the third switching tube is an N-type field effect tube, the first terminal of the third switching tube is a drain, the second terminal of the third switching tube is a source, and the control terminal of the third switching tube is For the grid.
  • the cartridge can continue to produce gel at the optimal temperature, and by maintaining the second stage in the third stage
  • the stability of the temperature increases the heat transfer rate of the heating device to the cartridge, and therefore, can provide aerosol transmission with consistent characteristics that does not change over time.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a heating type aerosol generating method according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution of the heating device in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a heating type aerosol generating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a heating type aerosol generating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the temperature distribution of the heating device in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a heating type aerosol generating method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heating type aerosol generating method of this embodiment is applied to the control circuit of the heating type aerosol generating device.
  • the sol generating device also includes a heating device and a power source.
  • the power source is used to supply energy to the heating device, and the power source may be a battery, such as a rechargeable lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, or a lithium-based battery.
  • the heating device is also called a heater. It can have many forms, such as: heating sheet, heating needle, heating rod, heating wire or wire. Alternatively, the heating device can also be the above two or more different forms of heating The combination of devices.
  • the heating type aerosol generation method of this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step S10 In the first stage, the temperature of the heating device is increased from the initial temperature to the first temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device;
  • the first stage is the time period from 0 to t1, and this stage is a rapid heating stage.
  • the allowable temperature setting is in principle the temperature at which the desired volatile compound in the cartridge evaporates quickly, but is lower than the temperature of the undesired compound with a higher vaporization temperature.
  • the first temperature is between 250°C and 500°C under normal atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. As shown in Fig. 2, in the first stage, the temperature of the heating device rapidly rises in a curve shape with time.
  • the normal air pressure may be standard atmospheric pressure, and the normal temperature is between 15 and 25 degrees Celsius.
  • Step S20 In the second stage, the temperature of the heating device is reduced from the first temperature to a second temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device, wherein the second temperature is less than the first temperature;
  • the second stage is the time period from t1 to t2, and this stage is a slow cooling stage.
  • this stage in principle, the uniformity of the volatilization of the compound is expected, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced by slow cooling.
  • the process of slow decline requires a flue gas temperature that takes into account the consistency of compound volatilization and comfort.
  • the temperature of the heating device gradually decreases in a curved shape with time.
  • Step S30 In the third stage, the temperature of the heating device is stabilized at the second temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device.
  • this stage in principle, it is expected that the volatilization of the compound is reasonable, and the consistency of the volatilization of the taste of the device is maintained.
  • the temperature of the heating device is kept in a horizontal linear state over time.
  • the selected first temperature and second temperature can ensure that the heated aerosol generating device continuously generates aerosol in the first, second, and third stages, and the first temperature and The second temperature may be determined based on the temperature range corresponding to the volatilization temperature of the aerosol formation in the matrix.
  • the target temperature of the second stage (the second temperature less than the first temperature)
  • the stability of the temperature increases the heat transfer rate of the heating device to the cartridge, so it can provide aerosol transmission with consistent characteristics that does not change with time.
  • heating type aerosol generation method of the present invention further includes:
  • the temperature of the heating device is kept within a preset allowable temperature range in the second stage and the third stage.
  • the allowable temperature range depends on the aerosol-forming substrate.
  • the aerosol-forming substrate releases some volatile compounds at different temperatures, and some of the volatile compounds released from the aerosol-forming substrate are only formed through a heating process, and each volatile compound is released when it is above a unique release temperature.
  • the maximum operating temperature is also selected to ensure that the substrate will not burn under normal operating conditions.
  • the allowable temperature range has an upper limit between 450°C and 500°C and a lower limit between 250°C and 300°C.
  • the first temperature may be between 300°C and 450°C
  • the second temperature may be between 300°C and 400°C.
  • the second temperature is not higher than the burning temperature of undesirable compounds present in conventional lighted cigarettes or about 380 degrees.
  • the time of the first stage is less than 20 seconds
  • the time of the second stage is greater than 20 seconds
  • the time of the third stage is 200 seconds to 600 seconds.
  • the energy supply of the heating device is controlled in the following manner so that the temperature of the heating device reaches the second temperature (target temperature):
  • the heating device is controlled to perform periodic heating according to the first heating control information.
  • the temperature of the heating device is detected first, and then the temperature detection value and the target temperature (the second temperature) are input as PID, and the first heating control information is output after PID calculation, and finally converted to by the internal preset algorithm
  • the duty cycle value is heated, and the heating device is periodically heated.
  • the energy supply of the heating device is controlled in the following manner so that the temperature of the heating device reaches the second temperature (target temperature):
  • the heating device is controlled to perform periodic heating according to the second heating control information.
  • the resistance value of the heating device is first detected, and then the detected resistance value and the target resistance value (obtained by the inverse calculation of the second temperature) are used as PID input, and the second heating control information is output after the PID calculation. Finally, it is converted into a heating duty cycle value through an internal preset algorithm, and the heating device is periodically heated.
  • the above describes two implementation methods for heating control of the heating element in the second and third stages.
  • the integral adjustment may not be performed, or when the deviation between the temperature detection value and the target temperature value is greater than a certain set value, it is not counted Into the integral term, which can reduce the influence of the integral term during the heating process and realize a smooth transition in the temperature control phase.
  • the temperature detection value may be obtained in the following manner:
  • the temperature detection value of the heating device is determined according to the resistance value detection value.
  • each heating cycle includes a heating period and a stop period, and the heating device is controlled during the stop period. Resistance value is tested. After the resistance detection value is obtained, the temperature detection value corresponding to the resistance detection value is calculated according to the corresponding relationship between the resistance value and the temperature.
  • the method further includes: performing compensation processing on the temperature detection value according to the cooling and heating engine state of the heating device.
  • a compensation algorithm is added internally, which is heat conduction
  • heating type aerosol generation method of the present invention further includes:
  • the second temperature is compensated according to the ambient temperature.
  • the target temperature (the second temperature) also needs to be compensated.
  • the ambient temperature in winter such as the ambient temperature is lower than 15
  • the second temperature will be increased to maintain the temperature of the mouth
  • the temperature is high in summer such as the ambient temperature is higher than 25 degrees Celsius
  • the second temperature will be lowered and the suction will be maintained The temperature of the mouth.
  • the heating type aerosol generation method of the present invention further includes:
  • the heating device It is determined whether the energy supply of the heating device exceeds a preset energy value within a preset time period, and when the preset energy value is exceeded, the heating device is controlled to stop heating.
  • the resistance value of the heating device is detected in real time to calculate the temperature value.
  • the device will Carry out an emergency shutdown to avoid safety risks.
  • the supply energy of the heating element in the preset time period (unit time) is greater than the preset energy under the ambient temperature, the device will also be emergency shut down to avoid safety risks.
  • the energy supply of the heating element is 0.5 Between ⁇ 2.0W, when it exceeds 3.0W within a preset time period (for example, 1 ⁇ 5S), an emergency shutdown will be performed.
  • the heating type aerosol generating device of this embodiment includes a housing 1, a heating device housed in the housing 2, a power supply 3, and a control circuit 4 , Wherein the power supply 3 is used to supply energy to the heating device 2; the control circuit 4 is used to increase the temperature of the heating device 2 from the initial temperature to the first stage by controlling the energy supply of the heating device 2 The first temperature; in the second stage, the temperature of the heating device 2 is reduced from the first temperature to the second temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device 2, wherein the second temperature is less than the first temperature A temperature; in the third stage, the temperature of the heating device 2 is stabilized at the second temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device 2.
  • the aerosol-forming substrate 5 is at least partially inserted into the shell 1 from one end of the shell, and the heating device 2 is inserted into the aerosol-forming substrate 5 to be heated.
  • the aerosol-forming substrate 5 is a cigarette.
  • the heating device 2 includes a sheet-shaped heating element 21 and a fixing seat 22 for fixing the heating element.
  • control circuit includes a detection module and a microprocessor, wherein the detection module is used to detect the temperature/resistance value of the heating device to obtain the temperature/resistance detection value; the microprocessor is used to compare the temperature/resistance value The detection value and the second temperature/target resistance value are subjected to PID calculation to obtain heating control information, and the heating device is controlled to perform periodic heating according to the heating control information; wherein, the target resistance value is determined by the first Second, the temperature is determined.
  • the heating type aerosol generating device of this embodiment includes a heating device Heater, a power supply (not shown) and a control circuit, and the control circuit includes a microprocessor U1 and detection module.
  • the detection module includes: a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, and a reference resistor R1, wherein the first terminal of the first switching tube Q1 and the first terminal of the second switching tube Q2 are respectively Connect the positive terminal BAT+ of the power supply, the second end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the first end of the reference resistor R1, the second end of the reference resistor R1 and the second end of the second switch tube Q2 are respectively connected to the first end of the heating device Heater
  • the second terminal of the heating device Heater is connected to the first terminal of the third switch tube Q3, the second terminal of the third switch tube Q3 is grounded, and the first input terminal of the microprocessor U1 is connected to the second terminal of the first switch tube Q1 ,
  • the second input end of the microprocessor U1 is connected to the second end of the reference resistor R1, the third input end of the microprocessor U1 is connected to the second end of the heating device Heater, and the first output end of the microprocessor U1
  • the first switching tube Q1 is an NPN transistor, and the first terminal of the first switching tube Q1 is a collector, the second terminal of the first switching tube Q1 is an emitter, and the first switching tube Q1 is an emitter.
  • the control terminal is the base.
  • the second switching tube Q2 is a P-type field effect tube, the first terminal of the second switching tube Q2 is a source, the second terminal of the second switching tube Q2 is a drain, and the control terminal of the second switching tube Q2 is a gate.
  • the third switching tube Q3 is an N-type field effect tube, the first terminal of the third switching tube Q3 is a drain, the second terminal of the third switching tube Q3 is a source, and the control terminal of the third switching tube Q3 is a gate. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the three switching tubes may also be other types of switching tubes.
  • the reference resistor R1 is a high-precision resistor. In order to be compatible with the measurement accuracy and the calorific value of the reference resistor R1, the resistance value of R1 generally ranges from 1 times R Heater to 10 times R Heater .
  • the output voltage range of the power supply is 2.8V ⁇ 4.2V.
  • the microprocessor U1 controls the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3 to turn on, and at the same time controls the first switching tube Q1 to turn off, the power supply forms a heating path through the second switching tube Q2, the heating device Heater and the third switching tube Q3 , To heat the heating device Heater.
  • the microprocessor U1 controls the first switching tube Q1 and the third switching tube Q3 to turn on, and at the same time controls the second switching tube Q2 to turn off, the power supply passes through the first switching tube Q1, the reference resistor R1, the heating device Heater and the third switching tube Q3 forms a resistance measurement path. At this time, a voltage V1 is formed on the reference resistor R1, and a voltage V2 is formed on the heating device Heater.
  • R Heater (MEAS2-MEAS3)*R1/ (MEAS1-MEAS2).
  • MEAS1 is the voltage of the first input terminal of the microprocessor U1
  • MEAS2 is the voltage of the second input terminal of the microprocessor U1.
  • the microprocessor U1 controls the enabling of the second switching tube Q2 according to the on-time of the duty cycle to realize the heating control of the heating device.
  • part or all of the time of the turn-off phase can be selected to control the enable of the first switch tube Q1, thereby calculating R Heater , in order to avoid the process of turning on the second switch tube Q2 to the prohibition
  • the temperature of the heating device fluctuates greatly, and the single heating cycle time can be selected between 1mS ⁇ 50mS.
  • the heating type aerosol generation method of this embodiment further includes:
  • the temperature of the heating device is gradually decreased from the second temperature by controlling the energy supply of the heating device.
  • the fourth stage is a period of time after t3, which decreases as the substrate evaporates, and controls the heating device to slowly cool down, and finally, at the end, achieve the goal of achieving the expected atomization amount for the aerosol substrate.
  • the temperature of the heating device gradually decreases in a curved shape with time. Of course, in some other embodiments, it can also be slowly descended in a diagonal shape.

Abstract

一种加热式气溶胶产生装置及方法，加热式气溶胶产生方法，包括：在第一阶段，通过控制发热器件(2)的能量供应使发热器件(2)的温度从初始温度升高到第一温度(S10)；在第二阶段，通过控制发热器件(2)的能量供应使发热器件(2)的温度从第一温度下降至第二温度(S20)，其中，第二温度小于第一温度；在第三阶段，通过控制发热器件(2)的能量供应使发热器件(2)的温度稳定在第二温度(S30)。

Description

加热式气溶胶产生装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电子烟领域，尤其涉及一种加热式气溶胶产生装置及方法。
 背景技术
在低温卷烟装置中，期望气溶胶产生装置能够产生不随时间变化的气溶胶，尤其是当气溶胶供人类消费时，在连续或反复加热过程中，加热温度的波动幅度会影响携带尼古丁和某些情形中香料的气溶胶形成物的变化。因此，无法提供不随时间变化的特性一致的气溶胶传送。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，现有技术存在的无法提供不随时间变化的特性一致的气溶胶传送的缺陷。
 技术解决方案
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：构造一种加热式气溶胶产生方法，包括：
在第一阶段，通过控制发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从初始温度升高到第一温度；
在第二阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从所述第一温度下降至第二温度，其中，所述第二温度小于所述第一温度；
在第三阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度稳定在所述第二温度。
优选地，在第一阶段，所述发热器件的温度随时间以曲线形式上升；
在第二阶段，所述发热器件的温度以曲线形式下降；
在第三阶段，所述发热器件的温度以直线形式稳定。
优选地，还包括：
通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应，使所述发热器件的温度在第二阶段和第三阶段中保持处于预设的容许温度范围内。
优选地，所述容许温度范围具有在450℃-500℃之间的上限及在250℃-300℃之间的下限。
优选地，所述第一温度在300℃-450℃之间；
所述第二温度在300℃-400℃之间。
优选地，所述第一阶段的时间小于20秒；
所述第二阶段的时间大于20秒；
所述第三阶段的时间为200秒~600秒。
优选地，在第二阶段、第三阶段，通过以下方式控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度到达第二温度：
检测所述发热器件的温度以获取温度检测值；
将所述温度检测值与所述第二温度进行PID计算，以获取第一加热控制信息；
根据所述第一加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热；
或者，
检测所述发热器件的阻值以获取阻值检测值；
将所述阻值检测值与所述目标阻值进行PID计算，以获取第二加热控制信息，其中，所述目标阻值由所述第二温度确定；
根据所述第二加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热。
优选地，所述检测所述发热器件的温度以获取温度检测值，包括：
在所述发热器件加热周期的停止时段内，检测所述发热器件的阻值，以获取阻值检测值；
根据所述阻值检测值确定所述发热器件的温度检测值。
优选地，在根据所述阻值检测值确定所述发热器件的温度检测值之后，还包括：
根据所述发热器件的冷热机状态，对所述温度检测值进行补偿处理。
优选地，还包括：
根据环境温度对所述第二温度进行补偿处理。
优选地，还包括：
判断所述温度检测值或所述阻值检测值是否在预设范围内；
当不在预设范围内时，控制所述发热器件停止加热。
优选地，还包括：
判断预设时段内所述发热器件的能量供应是否超过预设能量值；
当超过预设能量值时，控制所述发热器件停止加热。
优选地，还包括：
在第四阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从所述第二温度逐渐下降。
本发明还构造一种加热式气溶胶产生装置，包括用于发热器件、用于向所述发热器件供应能量的电源，还包括：
控制电路，用于在第一阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从初始温度升高到第一温度；在第二阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从所述第一温度下降至第二温度，其中，所述第二温度小于所述第一温度；在第三阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度稳定在所述第二温度。
优选地，所述控制电路包括：
检测模块，用于检测所述发热器件的温度/阻值，以获取温度/阻值检测值；
微处理器，用于将所述温度/阻值检测值与所述第二温度/目标阻值进行PID计算，以获取加热控制信息，并根据所述加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热；其中，所述目标阻值由所述第二温度确定。
优选地，所述检测模块包括：第一开关管、第二开关管、第三开关管和基准电阻，其中，所述第一开关管的第一端和所述第二开关管的第一端分别连接所述电源的正端，所述第一开关管的第二端连接所述基准电阻的第一端，所述基准电阻的第二端及所述第二开关管的第二端分别连接所述发热器件的第一端，所述发热器件的第二端连接所述第三开关管的第一端，所述第三开关管的第二端接地，所述微处理器的第一输入端连接所述第一开关管的第二端，所述微处理器的第二输入端连接所述基准电阻的第二端，所述微处理器的第三输入端连接所述发热器件的第二端，所述微处理器的第一输出端连接所述第一开关管的控制端，所述微处理器的第二输出端连接所述第二开关管的控制端，所述微处理器的第三输出端连接所述第三开关管的控制端。
优选地，所述第一开关管为NPN型三极管，所述第一开关管的第一端为集电极，所述第一开关管的第二端为发射极，所述第一开关管的控制端为基极；
所述第二开关管为P型场效应管，所述第二开关管的第一端为源极，所述第二开关管的第二端为漏极，所述第二开关管的控制端为栅极；
所述第三开关管为N型场效应管，所述第三开关管的第一端为漏极，所述第三开关管的第二端为源极，所述第三开关管的控制端为栅极。
 有益效果
实施本发明的技术方案，通过设定第二阶段的目标温度（小于第一温度的第二温度），可保证烟弹以最优温度持续产生凝胶，而且，通过在第三阶段维持第二温度的稳定，提升发热器件向烟弹的热传导速率，因此，可提供不随时间变化的特性一致的气溶胶传送。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一的加热式气溶胶产生方法的流程图；
图2是本发明实施例一中发热器件的温度分布示意图；
图3是本发明实施例一的加热式气溶胶产生装置的结构图；
图4是本发明实施例一的加热式气溶胶产生装置的电路图；
图5是本发明实施例二中发热器件的温度分布示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1是本发明实施例一的加热式气溶胶产生方法的流程图，该实施例的加热式气溶胶产生方法应用在加热式气溶胶产生装置中的控制电路中，应理解，该加热式气溶胶产生装置还包括有发热器件和电源。其中，电源用于向发热器件供应能量，该电源可为电池，例如为：可充电锂离子电池、镍金属氢化物电池、镍镉电池或锂基电池。发热器件又称加热器，其可有多种形式，例如可为：发热片、加热针、加热棒、加热线或丝，可替换地，发热器件还可为以上两种或以上不同形式的发热器件的组合。
结合图2，该实施例的加热式气溶胶产生方法具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S10.在第一阶段，通过控制发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从初始温度升高到第一温度；
在该步骤中，第一阶段为0~t1的时间段，该阶段为快速升温阶段。在此阶段中，容许温度设定原则上为烟弹中的期望挥发性化合物快速挥发的温度，但低于汽化温度较高的不期望化合物温度。第一温度在正常的气压、环境温度情况下为250℃-500℃之间。如图2所示在第一阶段，发热器件的温度随时间呈曲线形状快速升高。在一个实施方式中，正常的气压可以为标准大气压，正常温度为15到25摄氏度之间。
步骤S20.在第二阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从所述第一温度下降至第二温度，其中，所述第二温度小于所述第一温度；
在该步骤中，第二阶段为t1~t2的时间段，该阶段为缓慢降温阶段。在此阶段中，原则上期望化合物的挥发的一致性，并通过缓慢降温，实现烟气温度的降低。缓慢下降的过程需要兼顾化合物挥发的一致性和舒适性的烟气温度。如图2所示在第二阶段，发热器件的温度随时间呈曲线形状缓慢下降。
步骤S30.在第三阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度稳定在所述第二温度。
在该步骤中，第二阶段为t2~t3的时间段，该阶段为温度维持阶段，例如，温度上下波动<=1.5℃。在此阶段中，原则上期望化合物的挥发合理，保持装置口感挥发的一致性。如图2所示在第三阶段，发热器件的温度随时间保持为水平直线状态。
在该实施例中，需说明的是，所选择的第一温度和第二温度可保证加热式气溶胶产生装置在第一、第二和第三阶段持续产生气溶胶，而且，第一温度和第二温度可基于与基质中的气溶胶形成物的挥发温度相对应的温度范围来确定。
通过该实施例的技术方案，通过设定第二阶段的目标温度（小于第一温度的第二温度），可保证烟弹以最优温度持续产生凝胶，而且，通过在第三阶段维持第二温度的稳定，提升发热器件向烟弹的热传导速率，因此，可提供不随时间变化的特性一致的气溶胶传送。
进一步地，本发明的加热式气溶胶产生方法还包括：
通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应，使所述发热器件的温度在第二阶段和第三阶段中保持处于预设的容许温度范围内。
在该实施例中，容许温度范围取决于气溶胶形成基质。气溶胶形成基质在不同温度下释放一些挥发性化合物，从气溶胶形成基质释放的挥发性化合物中的一些仅通过加热过程形成，每种挥发性化合物在处于特有的释放温度以上时被释放。通过将最大操作温度控制在一些挥发性化合物的释放温度以下，可避免这些成分的释放或形成。最大操作温度还被选定为确保在正常操作条件下基质不会燃烧。
容许温度范围具有在450℃-500℃之间的上限及在250℃-300℃之间的下限。第一温度可在300℃-450℃之间，第二温度可在300℃-400℃之间。优选地，第二温度不高于常规点燃式香烟中存在的不期望化合物的燃烧温度或约380度。另外，第一阶段的时间小于20秒，第二阶段的时间大于20秒，第三阶段的时间为200秒~600秒。
在一个可选实施例中，在第二阶段、第三阶段，通过以下方式控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度到达第二温度（目标温度）：
检测所述发热器件的温度以获取温度检测值；
将所述温度检测值与所述第二温度进行PID计算，以获取第一加热控制信息；
根据所述第一加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热。
在该实施例中，首先检测出发热器件的温度，然后将温度检测值与目标温度（第二温度）作为PID输入，经PID运算后输出第一加热控制信息，最后通过内部预置算法转换为加热占空比值，并对发热器件执行周期性加热。
在另一个可选实施例中，在第二阶段、第三阶段，通过以下方式控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度到达第二温度（目标温度）：
检测所述发热器件的阻值以获取阻值检测值；
将所述阻值检测值与所述目标阻值进行PID计算，以获取第二加热控制信息，其中，所述目标阻值由所述第二温度确定；
根据所述第二加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热。
在该实施例中，首先检测出发热器件的阻值，然后将阻值检测值与目标阻值（由第二温度逆运算得出）作为PID输入，经PID运算后输出第二加热控制信息，最后通过内部预置算法转换为加热占空比值，并对发热器件执行周期性加热。
以上说明了在第二、第三阶段对发热器件进行加热控制的两种实现方式，但是，对于第一阶段（快速升温阶段），若也进行上述方式的PID调节，则可能出现较大过调的情况，为避免这种情况的发生，在第一阶段对发热器件进行发热控制时，可不进行积分调节，或者，在温度检测值与目标温度值的偏差大于某一设定值时，不计入积分项，这样可减小升温过程中，积分项的影响，实现控温阶段的平滑过渡。
另外，在对发热器件进行加热控制的过程中，如果每个加热周期都进行一次加热控制，那么，当加热周期选择的较大时，发热器件在单个加热周期内温度变化幅度会较大；当加热周期选择的较小时，虽然发热器件在单个加热周期内温度变化幅度较小，但受限于进行PID控制的微处理器的性能，可能无法满足实时数据采集和处理的需求。因此，在实际控制中，可设定控制周期为加热周期的整数倍，即控制周期=加热周期*N，N为整数，且N>=1，这样可有效保证加热和控制的同步。
进一步地，在一个可选实施例中，可根据以下方式获取温度检测值：
在所述发热器件加热周期的停止时段内，检测所述发热器件的阻值，以获取阻值检测值；
根据所述阻值检测值确定所述发热器件的温度检测值。
在该实施例中，首先说明的是，由于发热器件是按占空比信号进行周期性加热控制的，所以，每个加热周期包括加热时段和停止时段两部分，且在停止时段对发热器件的阻值进行检测。当获取到阻值检测值后，根据阻值与温度的对应关系计算出与该阻值检测值对应的温度检测值。
进一步地，在根据所述阻值检测值确定所述发热器件的温度检测值之后，还包括：根据所述发热器件的冷热机状态，对所述温度检测值进行补偿处理。
在该实施例中，首先说明的是，当发热器件温度存在场分布情况下，随着加热时间的增加，发热器件基体导热的增加，相同阻值情况下，温度会有一定下降的过程，此过程与发热器件基体导热存在相关性。也就是说，当发热器件本身为热机状态时，其挥发情况与冷机状态有差异，为了达到兼顾化合物挥发的一致性和舒适性的烟气温度，故在内部增加补偿算法，该算法为导热引起的温度下降情况，相关项为时间和目标温度，即，实际的温度检测值T = F(R Heater) + f (t,T 目标)，这样可确保整个抽吸阶段和冷机状态基本一致。
进一步地，本发明的加热式气溶胶产生方法，还包括：
根据环境温度对第二温度进行补偿处理。
在该实施例中，当外界环境温度改变时，为了维持产品抽吸阶段的体验性，也需要对目标温度（第二温度）进行补偿处理，例如，当冬天环境温度（如环境温度低于15摄氏度）较低时，将会调高第二温度，维持抽吸到口腔的温度；当夏天温度较高时（如环境温度高于25摄氏度），将会调低第二温度，维持抽吸到口腔的温度。
进一步地，为了提高使用的安全性能，本发明的加热式气溶胶产生方法还包括：
判断温度检测值是否在预设范围内，当不在预设范围内时，控制所述发热器件停止加热，其中，预设范围的上限在380℃-500℃之间，其下限在250℃-300℃之间；或者，
判断预设时段内所述发热器件的能量供应是否超过预设能量值，当超过预设能量值时，控制所述发热器件停止加热。
在该实施例中，在整个控温阶段，通过实时检测发热器件的阻值来推算出温度值，当在异常情况下发热器件的阻值检测值或温度检测值超过指定的上下限，装置会进行紧急关闭，规避安全风险。另外，当预设时段（单位时间）内发热器件的供给能量大于环境温度情况下预设能量时，装置也会进行紧急关闭，规避安全风险，例如，常规情况下，发热器件的能量供给在0.5~2.0W之间，当在预设时段（例如1~5S）内超过3.0W时，进行紧急关闭。
如图3所示的本发明实施例一的加热式气溶胶产生装置的结构图，该实施例的加热式气溶胶产生装置包括外壳1、收容于外壳的发热器件2、电源3及控制电路4，其中，电源3用于向所述发热器件2供应能量；控制电路4用于在第一阶段，通过控制所述发热器件2的能量供应使所述发热器件2的温度从初始温度升高到第一温度；在第二阶段，通过控制所述发热器件2的能量供应使所述发热器件2的温度从所述第一温度下降至第二温度，其中，所述第二温度小于所述第一温度；在第三阶段，通过控制所述发热器件2的能量供应使所述发热器件2的温度稳定在所述第二温度。本实施方式中，气溶胶形成基质5从外壳的一端至少部分的插入外壳1内，发热器件2插入气溶胶形成基质5的内部进行加热，气溶胶形成基质5为烟支。所述发热器件2包括片状发热体21及用于固定发热体的固定座22。
进一步地，控制电路包括检测模块和微处理器，其中，检测模块用于检测所述发热器件的温度/阻值，以获取温度/阻值检测值；微处理器用于将所述温度/阻值检测值与所述第二温度/目标阻值进行PID计算，以获取加热控制信息，并根据所述加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热；其中，所述目标阻值由所述第二温度确定。
图4是本发明实施例一的加热式气溶胶产生装置的电路图，该实施例的加热式气溶胶产生装置包括发热器件Heater、电源（未示出）和控制电路，且控制电路包括微处理器U1和检测模块。其中，检测模块包括：第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第三开关管Q3和基准电阻R1，其中，第一开关管Q1的第一端和第二开关管Q2的第一端分别连接电源的正端BAT+，第一开关管Q1的第二端连接基准电阻R1的第一端，基准电阻R1的第二端及第二开关管Q2的第二端分别连接发热器件Heater的第一端，发热器件Heater的第二端连接第三开关管Q3的第一端，第三开关管Q3的第二端接地，微处理器U1的第一输入端连接第一开关管Q1的第二端，微处理器U1的第二输入端连接基准电阻R1的第二端，微处理器U1的第三输入端连接发热器件Heater的第二端，微处理器U1的第一输出端连接第一开关管Q1的控制端，微处理器U1的第二输出端连接第二开关管Q2的控制端，微处理器U1的第三输出端连接第三开关管Q3的控制端。
而且，在该实施例中，第一开关管Q1为NPN型三极管，且第一开关管Q1的第一端为集电极，第一开关管Q1的第二端为发射极，第一开关管Q1的控制端为基极。第二开关管Q2为P型场效应管，第二开关管Q2的第一端为源极，第二开关管Q2的第二端为漏极，第二开关管Q2的控制端为栅极。第三开关管Q3为N型场效应管，第三开关管Q3的第一端为漏极，第三开关管Q3的第二端为源极，第三开关管Q3的控制端为栅极。应理解，在其它实施例中，三个开关管也可为其它类型的开关管。
下面说明该电路的工作原理：
首先说明的是，基准电阻R1为高精密电阻，为兼容测量精度和基准电阻R1的发热量，R1的阻值的取值范围一般在1倍R Heater到10倍R Heater之间。电源的输出电压范围为2.8V~4.2V。
当微处理器U1控制第二开关管Q2和第三开关管Q3导通，同时控制第一开关管Q1截止时，电源通过第二开关管Q2、发热器件Heater和第三开关管Q3形成加热通路，对发热器件Heater进行加热。而且，微处理器U1通过采集器第三输入端的电压，可近似计算出加热通路的电流I，即，I=VMEAS3/R Q3，其中，R Q3为第三开关管Q3导通时的内阻，其中，VMEAS3为微处理器U1的第三输入端的电压，因此，可根据该电流I来判断是否发生过流，并在发生过流时进行过流保护。
当微处理器U1控制第一开关管Q1和第三开关管Q3导通，同时控制第二开关管Q2截止时，电源通过第一开关管Q1、基准电阻R1和发热器件Heater和第三开关管Q3形成阻值测量通路，此时，基准电阻R1上形成电压V1，发热器件Heater上形成电压V2。微处理器U1通过采集其第一输入端和第二输入端的电压来确定V1，即，V1= MEAS1- MEAS2，微处理器U1通过采集其第二输入端和第三输入端的电压来确定V2，即，V2=MEAS2-MEAS3。然后，再根据以下公式推算出发热器件Heater的阻值R Heater，即，R Heater = (MEAS2-MEAS3)*R1/ (MEAS1- MEAS2)。其中，MEAS1为微处理器U1的第一输入端的电压，MEAS2为微处理器U1的第二输入端的电压。
还需说明的是，在单个加热周期内，微处理器U1按占空比导通时间控制第二开关管Q2的使能，实现发热器件的加热控制。在第二开关管Q2的关闭阶段，可选择该关闭阶段的部分或全部时间来控制第一开关管Q1使能，从而推算出R Heater，为避免在第二开关管Q2导通到禁止的过程及通过程中，发热器件的温度的变化波动较大，单个加热周期时间可选在1mS~50mS之间。
在本发明的另一实施例中，该实施例的加热式气溶胶产生方法在第三阶段后，还进一步包括：
在第四阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从所述第二温度逐渐下降。
在该步骤中，第四阶段为t3之后的一段时间，随着基质的蒸发而减少，控制发热器件缓慢降温，最终在结束时，达到对气溶胶基质达到预期雾化量的目的。如图5所示在第四阶段，发热器件的温度随时间呈曲线形状缓慢下降。当然，在其它的一些实施例中，也可呈斜线形状缓慢下降。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在第一阶段，通过控制发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从初始温度升高到第一温度；
    在第二阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从所述第一温度下降至第二温度，其中，所述第二温度小于所述第一温度；
    在第三阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度稳定在所述第二温度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，
    在第一阶段，所述发热器件的温度随时间以曲线形式上升；
    在第二阶段，所述发热器件的温度以曲线形式下降；
    在第三阶段，所述发热器件的温度以直线形式稳定。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应，使所述发热器件的温度在第二阶段和第三阶段中保持处于预设的容许温度范围内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，所述容许温度范围具有在450℃-500℃之间的上限及在250℃-300℃之间的下限。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一温度在300℃-450℃之间；
    所述第二温度在300℃-400℃之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一阶段的时间小于20秒；
    所述第二阶段的时间大于20秒；
    所述第三阶段的时间为200秒~600秒。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，在第二阶段、第三阶段，通过以下方式控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度到达第二温度：
    检测所述发热器件的温度以获取温度检测值；
    将所述温度检测值与所述第二温度进行PID计算，以获取第一加热控制信息；
    根据所述第一加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热；
    或者，
    检测所述发热器件的阻值以获取阻值检测值；
    将所述阻值检测值与所述目标阻值进行PID计算，以获取第二加热控制信息，其中，所述目标阻值由所述第二温度确定；
    根据所述第二加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，所述检测所述发热器件的温度以获取温度检测值，包括：
    在所述发热器件加热周期的停止时段内，检测所述发热器件的阻值，以获取阻值检测值；
    根据所述阻值检测值确定所述发热器件的温度检测值。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，在根据所述阻值检测值确定所述发热器件的温度检测值之后，还包括：
    根据所述发热器件的冷热机状态，对所述温度检测值进行补偿处理。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据环境温度对所述第二温度进行补偿处理。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    判断所述温度检测值或所述阻值检测值是否在预设范围内；
    当不在预设范围内时，控制所述发热器件停止加热。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    判断预设时段内所述发热器件的能量供应是否超过预设能量值；
    当超过预设能量值时，控制所述发热器件停止加热。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的加热式气溶胶产生方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在第四阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从所述第二温度逐渐下降。
  14. 一种加热式气溶胶产生装置，包括发热器件、用于向所述发热器件供应能量的电源，其特征在于，还包括：
    控制电路，用于在第一阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从初始温度升高到第一温度；在第二阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度从所述第一温度下降至第二温度，其中，所述第二温度小于所述第一温度；在第三阶段，通过控制所述发热器件的能量供应使所述发热器件的温度稳定在所述第二温度。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的加热式气溶胶产生装置，其特征在于，所述控制电路包括：
    检测模块，用于检测所述发热器件的温度/阻值，以获取温度/阻值检测值；
    微处理器，用于将所述温度/阻值检测值与所述第二温度/目标阻值进行PID计算，以获取加热控制信息，并根据所述加热控制信息控制所述发热器件进行周期性加热；其中，所述目标阻值由所述第二温度确定。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的加热式气溶胶产生装置，其特征在于，所述检测模块包括：第一开关管、第二开关管、第三开关管和基准电阻，其中，所述第一开关管的第一端和所述第二开关管的第一端分别连接所述电源的正端，所述第一开关管的第二端连接所述基准电阻的第一端，所述基准电阻的第二端及所述第二开关管的第二端分别连接所述发热器件的第一端，所述发热器件的第二端连接所述第三开关管的第一端，所述第三开关管的第二端接地，所述微处理器的第一输入端连接所述第一开关管的第二端，所述微处理器的第二输入端连接所述基准电阻的第二端，所述微处理器的第三输入端连接所述发热器件的第二端，所述微处理器的第一输出端连接所述第一开关管的控制端，所述微处理器的第二输出端连接所述第二开关管的控制端，所述微处理器的第三输出端连接所述第三开关管的控制端。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的加热式气溶胶产生装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一开关管为NPN型三极管，所述第一开关管的第一端为集电极，所述第一开关管的第二端为发射极，所述第一开关管的控制端为基极；
    所述第二开关管为P型场效应管，所述第二开关管的第一端为源极，所述第二开关管的第二端为漏极，所述第二开关管的控制端为栅极；
    所述第三开关管为N型场效应管，所述第三开关管的第一端为漏极，所述第三开关管的第二端为源极，所述第三开关管的控制端为栅极。
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