WO2021179837A1 - 像素排布结构、显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

像素排布结构、显示面板及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021179837A1
WO2021179837A1 PCT/CN2021/074460 CN2021074460W WO2021179837A1 WO 2021179837 A1 WO2021179837 A1 WO 2021179837A1 CN 2021074460 W CN2021074460 W CN 2021074460W WO 2021179837 A1 WO2021179837 A1 WO 2021179837A1
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Prior art keywords
sub
pixel
pixels
virtual
arrangement structure
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PCT/CN2021/074460
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘明星
彭兆基
杨泽明
马天
赵栋
甘帅燕
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昆山国显光电有限公司
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Publication of WO2021179837A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179837A1/zh
Priority to US17/697,696 priority Critical patent/US20220208891A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/352—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels the areas of the RGB subpixels being different
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/60—OLEDs integrated with inorganic light-sensitive elements, e.g. with inorganic solar cells or inorganic photodiodes
    • H10K59/65—OLEDs integrated with inorganic image sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/16—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
    • H10K71/166—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering using selective deposition, e.g. using a mask

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a pixel arrangement structure, a display panel and a display device.
  • the evaporation film forming technology is generally used to pass the organic material through the fine mask to form an organic electroluminescent structure at the corresponding sub-pixel position on the array substrate.
  • the distance between adjacent sub-pixels is reduced to obtain a high aperture ratio, it will increase the difficulty of making the mask and reduce the deposition reliability.
  • the aperture ratio will be sacrificed.
  • a pixel arrangement structure including:
  • the two first sub-pixels are located at the positions of the two first vertices of the first virtual quadrilateral;
  • Two second sub-pixels located at the positions of the two second vertices of the first virtual quadrilateral, the two first vertices and the two second vertices are alternately arranged at intervals;
  • the third sub-pixel is located in the first virtual quadrilateral, and the center of the third sub-pixel is deviated from the center of the first virtual quadrilateral;
  • the first virtual quadrilateral has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, and the length of the first side is smaller than the length of the second side;
  • the distance between a first sub-pixel located on the second side of the two first sub-pixels and the third sub-pixel is greater than that of the two first sub-pixels The distance between another first sub-pixel located on the first side and the third sub-pixel.
  • the pitch of the third sub-pixels in the two adjacent first virtual quadrilaterals sharing the second side can be increased compared to other arrangements.
  • the distance that can be used between adjacent pixel openings is beneficial to the transmission of the network force, reduces the deformation of the mask, and reduces the difficulty of the fine metal mask manufacturing process and the evaporation process.
  • a display panel including the pixel arrangement structure as described in the above embodiment.
  • a display device including the display panel as described in the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mask in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel in an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 3 shows the spectral curves of blue, green and blue light.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of pixel arrangement in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of pixel arrangement in another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of pixel arrangement in another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of pixel arrangement in still another embodiment of the application.
  • OLED evaporation technology is a method of forming organic light-emitting components at corresponding sub-pixel positions on an array substrate (Array Substrate) through a high-precision metal mask (Fine Metal Mask, FMM) using evaporation film forming technology.
  • FMM Fe Metal Mask
  • Evaporation technology wherein the high-precision metal mask is usually referred to as a vapor deposition mask for short.
  • PPI Matel Per Inch, the number of pixels per inch
  • OLED display is the FMM with high precision and good mechanical stability and the arrangement of pixels.
  • the FMM should minimize the occurrence of warpage, fracture and other problems to avoid causing defects such as blooming and offset of the vapor deposition film layer that affect the quality of the vapor deposition.
  • the arrangement of pixels is the main reason for determining whether the FMM is prone to warpage and fracture. That is, the arrangement of the sub-pixels determines the mechanical performance of the FMM to a large extent, and the mechanical performance of the FMM determines the quality of vapor deposition to a large extent. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, if the distance between two sub-pixels is too small, the connecting portion A between the two evaporation openings corresponding to the FMM is at risk of disconnection due to its too narrow width.
  • the alignment space will also be reduced, which may cause the formed sub-pixels to have defects of lack of color or color mixing. If the width of the connecting portion A is increased, the size of the sub-pixels needs to be reduced, thereby affecting the aperture ratio of the OLED display screen, which is not conducive to the realization of high resolution. Therefore, in the current OLED display device, the distance between the sub-pixels in the pixel arrangement structure is relatively large, which results in a small opening area of the sub-pixels under the condition of the same resolution. In this way, the drive current needs to be increased to meet the brightness requirements of the display. However, when the OLED display device is operated under a large driving current, the device is prone to aging, and then the phenomenon of large visual role deviation occurs, which shortens the life of the OLED display device.
  • the photosensitive device used to acquire the fingerprint image may include an optical sensor.
  • the optical sensor may include a plurality of pixels, and the plurality of pixels may respectively receive light signals reflected from different positions of the object as incident light, and convert the incident light into electrical signals, thereby generating an image of the object. Therefore, the amount of light input and the contrast of the light signal received by the pixel will affect the image quality of the generated object. In this way, certain requirements are also imposed on the light transmittance of the display panel, which further increases the difficulty in the design of the pixel arrangement structure.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a pixel arrangement structure, a display panel, and a display device, which can better alleviate the above-mentioned problems.
  • the display panel 100 includes a display area 10 and a non-display area 20, wherein the display area 10 displays an image through a plurality of sub-pixels.
  • the display area 10 may be rectangular, and the non-display area 20 is arranged around the display area 10.
  • the shape and arrangement of the display area 10 and the non-display area 20 include but are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the display area 10 may have a circular shape like a watch dial.
  • the display area 10 and the non-display area 20 may be circular, polygonal or other shapes.
  • the display area 10 is provided with a plurality of sub-pixels for emitting light of different colors, wherein the sub-pixels are defined as the smallest unit for emitting light (for example, the smallest addressable unit of the display panel 100).
  • the pixel arrangement structure includes a first sub-pixel 12, a second sub-pixel 14 and a third sub-pixel 16 that emit light of different colors, respectively.
  • the first sub-pixel 12, the second sub-pixel 14 and the third sub-pixel 16 may be one of a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and a green sub-pixel, respectively, and jointly constitute a pixel presenting white light.
  • the first sub-pixel 12, the second sub-pixel 14 and the third sub-pixel 16 may also be colors other than red, green, and blue, which are not limited here.
  • Different colors of light have different wavelengths. The higher the wavelength, the higher the energy of the light. Light with higher energy is more likely to cause the decay of the organic light-emitting material, making it easier for sub-pixels that emit high-energy photons to attenuate.
  • each sub-pixel since the light emitted by each sub-pixel is repeatedly reflected and re-reflected between the anode and the cathode through the microcavity effect, amplification and constructive interference are performed, and the brightness of the light increases, so the color shift is further amplified.
  • the light-emitting area (pixel aperture area) of the blue sub-pixel (second sub-pixel 14) is larger than the light-emitting area of the red sub-pixel (first sub-pixel 12) and the green sub-pixel (third sub-pixel 16) .
  • poor display caused by the different attenuation rates of organic light-emitting materials emitting light of different colors can be reduced to a certain extent.
  • the light-emitting area of the green sub-pixel is smaller than the light-emitting area of the red sub-pixel.
  • the light-emitting area of the green sub-pixel may also be equal to the light-emitting area of the red sub-pixel, which is not limited here.
  • the display panel 100 provided by each exemplary embodiment of the present application may be an organic light emitting display panel 100.
  • the sub-pixel includes at least an anode and a cathode, and a light-emitting layer located between the anode and the cathode.
  • the driving circuit applies a voltage between the anode and the cathode to excite carrier migration and act on the light-emitting layer to emit light.
  • the light-emitting layer includes at least a hole transport layer, an organic material layer, and an electron transport layer.
  • the anode is used to provide holes for the hole transport layer or to transport holes.
  • the cathode is used to provide or transport electrons to the organic material layer.
  • the display panel 100 may further include a pixel definition layer.
  • the pixel definition layer defines a plurality of pixel openings.
  • the light-emitting layer of the sub-pixel is arranged in the pixel opening to avoid cross-color or interference between adjacent sub-pixels. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIGS.
  • the shapes of the first sub-pixel 12, the second sub-pixel 14 and the third sub-pixel 16 are all rectangles, and the rectangles include an inner rectangle and an outer rectangle surrounding the inner rectangle. .
  • the side of the inner rectangle is called the pixel side, that is, the boundary of the pixel opening of the pixel definition layer (PDL).
  • the sides of the outer rectangle are called virtual sides of the sub-pixels.
  • the virtual edge refers to the outer boundary of the sub-pixel when the mask plate blocks the display panel 100.
  • the distance between sub-pixels refers to the minimum distance between adjacent pixel sides between sub-pixels. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the distance between the first sub-pixel 12a and the third sub-pixel 16 is the minimum distance between the pixel sides of the two sub-pixels.
  • each pixel side of each sub-pixel and the corresponding virtual side are parallel to each other and the vertical distances from the corresponding virtual side are equal to each other. This makes the arrangement of the sub-pixels more uniform and regular, thereby effectively improving the manufacturing precision and yield of the light-emitting layer of the sub-pixels, and reducing the risk of wrinkles when the mask is spread.
  • the shape of the first sub-pixel 12, the second sub-pixel 14 and the third sub-pixel 16 may also be other shapes, for example, a quadrilateral, a hexagon, an octagon, or a circle with rounded corners. Corner quadrilateral, rounded hexagon, or rounded octagon are not limited here.
  • the first sub-pixel 12 is located at the first vertex position of the first virtual quadrilateral
  • the second sub-pixel 14 is located at the second vertex location of the first virtual quadrilateral
  • the first vertex and the second vertex are The two vertices are alternately arranged at intervals. That is, the two first sub-pixels 12 are respectively located at a pair of opposite vertex corners of the first virtual quadrilateral, and the two second sub-pixels 14 are respectively located at another pair of vertex corners opposite to the first virtual quadrilateral.
  • the third sub-pixel 16 is located within the first virtual quadrilateral, that is, surrounded by two first sub-pixels 12 and two second sub-pixels 14.
  • the arrangement of the sub-pixels can be made more compact, and the aperture ratio of each sub-pixel can be improved.
  • the sub-pixels of human eye-sensitive colors can be placed in the first virtual quadrilateral to prevent color shift.
  • the mixing may be carried out at a ratio of approximately 30% red light, 60% green light and 10% blue light.
  • the third sub-pixel 16 is configured as a green sub-pixel, the color mixing can be made more uniform, and the color shift can be better improved.
  • the location of the sub-pixel at a certain position refers to the range of the sub-pixel position, as long as the sub-pixel overlaps the position.
  • the center of the first sub-pixel or the second sub-pixel may not coincide with the vertex of the first virtual quadrilateral, that is, there is an offset between the two.
  • the first sub-pixel 12 may have a center coincident with the first vertex of the first virtual quadrilateral
  • the second sub-pixel 14 may have a center that overlaps the first virtual quadrilateral.
  • the center of the sub-pixel can be the geometric center of the sub-pixel pattern, or the center of the light-emitting color of the sub-pixel, which is not limited here.
  • the pixel arrangement structure includes a plurality of first virtual quadrilaterals, and the plurality of first virtual quadrilaterals are arranged to form an array in a manner of sharing edges, that is, two adjacent pixel groups share a common location in an adjacent first virtual quadrilateral.
  • any adjacent first sub-pixel 12 and second sub-pixel 14 can form a light-emitting pixel with the third sub-pixel 16 adjacent to them.
  • the low-resolution physical resolution realizes the high-resolution display effect between the pixels through the principle of color borrowing.
  • the first virtual quadrilateral has a first side a and a second side b that are opposite to each other and have different lengths, wherein the length of the first side a is smaller than the second side.
  • the length of b is the length of the first side a.
  • the first virtual quadrilateral has four vertices, and the centers of the two first sub-pixels 12 respectively coincide with two opposite vertices (ie, first vertices) of the first virtual quadrilateral.
  • the centers of the two sub-pixels 14 respectively coincide with the other two opposite vertices (ie, the second vertices) of the first virtual quadrilateral.
  • the first side a and the second side b are both sides with the first vertex and the second vertex as the endpoints. Wherein, the first side a is a side with a shorter length in the row direction, and the second side b is a side with a longer length in the row direction.
  • the distance between the first sub-pixel 12 and the second sub-pixel 14 located on the first side a is relatively small, and the virtual sides of the two are adjacent.
  • the distance between the first sub-pixel 12 and the second sub-pixel 14 located on the second side b is relatively large, that is, the virtual sides of the two are spaced apart from each other. It is easy to understand that when the first virtual quadrilateral is a square, the distance between the first sub-pixel 12 and any adjacent second sub-pixel 14 is equal. In this way, although the arrangement of the sub-pixels is uniform, it is limited by the different size of the light-emitting area of different sub-pixels, and limited by the masking process, and the aperture ratio is low.
  • the positions of the first sub-pixel 12, the second sub-pixel 14 and the third sub-pixel 16 can be adjusted to make The sub-pixel arrangement is more compact. Under the condition that the limit spacing of the mask process allows, the spacing between adjacent sub-pixels is reduced, thereby increasing the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels.
  • the first side a and the second side b may be arranged parallel to each other. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the row direction, every two adjacent first virtual quadrilaterals are arranged axisymmetrically with the first side a or the second side b as the axis of symmetry. In this way, the arrangement of the sub-pixels can be made more regular, and the display effect can be improved, and the sub-pixels of the same color can be arranged in a row or a column, which reduces the wiring difficulty and the manufacturing difficulty of the mask.
  • the center of the third sub-pixel 16 is deviated from the center of the first virtual quadrilateral, and the distance between the first sub-pixel 12 located on the second side b and the third sub-pixel 16 is greater than that of the third sub-pixel 16 located on the first side.
  • the center of the first virtual quadrilateral may refer to the intersection of two diagonal lines of the first virtual quadrilateral.
  • the pitch of the third sub-pixel 16 in the two adjacent first virtual quadrilaterals that share the second side b is compared with other arrangements.
  • the enlargement enlarges the usable distance between adjacent pixel openings, which is beneficial to the transmission of the stretching force, reduces the deformation of the mask, and reduces the difficulty of the fine metal mask manufacturing process and the evaporation process.
  • the center of the third sub-pixel 16 deviates from the center of the corresponding first virtual quadrilateral.
  • the distance between the third sub-pixel 16 and one of the first sub-pixels 12a of the corresponding first virtual quadrilateral is c
  • the distance between the third sub-pixel 16 and the other first sub-pixel 12b is d, where c>d .
  • the minimum distance h between the virtual sides of the third sub-pixel 16 in the two first virtual quadrilaterals corresponding to the shared second side b is larger than that of other arrangements, thereby ensuring the third sub-pixel 16
  • the aperture ratio of the third sub-pixel 16 is reduced, and the difficulty of making the mask of the third sub-pixel 16 is reduced.
  • the amount of light input and the contrast of the light signal received by the photosensitive device under the screen will affect the imaging quality of the photosensitive device. Therefore, when the display panel 100 with a traditional pixel arrangement structure is adopted, although there are more light-transmitting areas, the light-transmitting area is generally There is no difference, but the area of the continuous light-transmitting area in a specific area is small, which cannot meet the light transmittance required for the normal operation of the under-screen photosensitive device.
  • the distances between the two first sub-pixels 12 and the third sub-pixel 16 are not equal to each other, and the area of the continuous light-transmitting area can be increased, thereby improving the display.
  • the light transmittance of the panel 100 is conducive to the diversification of functions of the display panel 100.
  • two third sub-pixels 16 in two adjacent first virtual quadrilaterals the first sub-pixels 12 shared with the two first virtual quadrilaterals and The virtual sides of the second sub-pixel 14 jointly form a light-transmitting area, and the light-transmitting areas between the virtual sides of the sub-pixels corresponding to a plurality of adjacent first virtual quadrilaterals can be connected to form a large light-transmitting area, thereby The light transmittance of the display panel 100 is effectively improved.
  • the distance between the center of the third sub-pixel 16 and the center of any first sub-pixel 12 is not equal to the center of the third sub-pixel 16 and any second sub-pixel 14 the distance between.
  • Increasing the light-emitting area of the sub-pixel with a fast decay rate can improve the color shift. However, if the light-emitting area of the sub-pixels is simply increased, the distance between the sub-pixels will be reduced. If the pixel arrangement is not changed, the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels will be reduced.
  • the distance between the center of the third sub-pixel 16 and the center of any first sub-pixel 12 is not equal to the distance between the center of the third sub-pixel 16 and any second sub-pixel 14 the distance.
  • the first sub-pixel 12, the second sub-pixel 14 and the third sub-pixel 16 can be closely arranged, so that the light-emitting area of the sub-pixel can be increased under the condition of the same resolution.
  • the distance between the center of the third subpixel 16 and the center of any first subpixel 12 is smaller than the distance between the center of the third subpixel 16 and the center of any second subpixel 14, so that the first subpixel
  • the pixels 12, the second sub-pixel 14 and the third sub-pixel 16 can be closely arranged, so that the light-emitting area of the second sub-pixel 14 can be increased under the condition of the same resolution.
  • the distance between the center of the third sub-pixel 16 and the centers of the two second sub-pixels 14 may be equal or unequal, which is not limited here.
  • the distance between one first sub-pixel 12 and any adjacent second sub-pixel 14 and the distance between one first sub-pixel 12 and any adjacent second sub-pixel 14 are not equal. In this way, the arrangement of the sub-pixels can be made more compact, and there is sufficient space to adjust the position of the third sub-pixel, so as to satisfy that the distances between the two first sub-pixels 12 and the third sub-pixel 16 are different, thereby increasing the sharing of the second side.
  • the distance between b and the two third sub-pixels helps to reduce the difficulty of making the mask.
  • the distance between the first sub-pixel 12a and two adjacent second sub-pixels 14 is smaller than the distance between the first sub-pixel 12b and the adjacent two second sub-pixels.
  • the distance between sub-pixels 14 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the virtual side of the first sub-pixel 12a may be adjacent to the virtual side of one of the adjacent second sub-pixels 14 and separated from the virtual side of the other adjacent second sub-pixel 14
  • the preset distance increases the distance between the first sub-pixel 12a and the other adjacent second sub-pixel 14, which is beneficial to increase the aperture ratio of the sub-pixel.
  • the position of the third sub-pixel 16 can be adjusted to ensure the aperture ratio while sharing the second side.
  • the distance between the two third sub-pixels 16 on both sides of b is increased, thereby reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the mask.
  • the distance between the first sub-pixel 12a and two adjacent second sub-pixels 14 may be equal or unequal, and the distance between the first sub-pixel 12b and two adjacent second sub-pixels 14 may be Equal or unequal. That is, in the first virtual quadrilateral, the distance between any first sub-pixel 12 and two adjacent second sub-pixels 14 may not be equal to each other. Similarly, the above-mentioned distance can be set reasonably according to needs, so as to reduce the difficulty of making the mask while ensuring the aperture ratio.
  • one of the two opposite internal angles is less than 90°, and the other is greater than 90°.
  • the first side a is parallel to the second side b, and one of the two internal angles of the first virtual quadrilateral corresponding to the two first sub-pixels 12 is less than 90 degrees.
  • the other is greater than 90.
  • One of the two inner angles of the first virtual quadrilateral corresponding to the two second sub-pixels 14 is less than 90 degrees, and the other is greater than 90 degrees.
  • the arrangement of the first sub-pixel 12, the second sub-pixel 14 and the third sub-pixel 16 is compared with other methods (for example, the two opposite inner angles are all less than 90 or both greater than 90 degrees) Closer, thereby effectively increasing the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels.
  • the first side a and the second side b may not be parallel, and a pair of inner angles may be 90 degrees, and one of the other inner angles may be less than 90 degrees, and the other An internal angle greater than 90 degrees is not limited here.
  • the relative internal angle difference of the first virtual quadrilateral will be too large, which will cause the sub-pixels to be arranged too loosely and affect the sub-pixels. Opening rate.
  • the ratio of the length of the first side a of the first virtual quadrilateral to the length of the second side b may range from 0.5 to 0.95.
  • the length a of the first side a is smaller than the length b of the second side b, and the ratio of a:b ranges from 0.5 to 0.95.
  • the minimum pitch between sub-pixels should meet the process limit pitch.
  • the process limit spacing is related to the manufacturing process used. For example, when the FMM is used to perform the etching process to form the sub-pixel pattern, the minimum pitch may be about 16 ⁇ m, and when the sub-pixel pattern is formed by the laser or electroforming process, the minimum pitch will be smaller.
  • two first virtual quadrilaterals arbitrarily sharing the first side a or the second side b are a group; and the second side b is shared in adjacent rows or columns.
  • the two first virtual quadrilaterals of the first side a are another group.
  • the four first virtual quadrilaterals in the two groups share a first vertex or second vertex, and the lines connecting the centers of the four third sub-pixels 16 in the first virtual quadrilaterals of the two groups form a second virtual quadrilateral.
  • the first side a is parallel to the second side b.
  • the two first virtual quadrilaterals share the first side a. In adjacent rows, the two first virtual quadrilaterals share the second side b.
  • the lines connecting the centers of the four third sub-pixels 16 in the four first virtual quadrilaterals form a second virtual quadrilateral.
  • the second virtual quadrilateral has a third side e and a fourth side f that are opposite to each other and have different lengths along the column direction.
  • the third side e and the fourth side f in the second virtual quadrangle are parallel to each other.
  • the lines connecting the centers of the third sub-pixels 16 in the same row or column can be located on the same straight line, thereby further reducing the wiring difficulty and the manufacturing difficulty of the mask.
  • the first side a is parallel to the second side b
  • the third side e is parallel to the fourth side f
  • the extension direction of the fourth side f is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side a and the second side b.
  • the arrangement of the sub-pixels is further made more uniform and regular, which is beneficial to improve the display uniformity and reduces the difficulty of making the mask.
  • the shape of the third sub-pixel 16 is rectangular or quasi-rectangular.
  • the longitudinal direction of the plurality of third sub-pixels 16 forms an oblique angle with the row direction or the column direction.
  • the force of the mask is usually transmitted in the row direction or the column direction, for example, the net-stretching force can be transmitted in the row direction.
  • the openings of the mask plate corresponding to the third sub-pixel 16 inclined to the row direction or the column direction can decompose the force in the row direction and the column direction, thereby avoiding the opening deformation caused by the concentration of the FMM's meshing force, and reducing the mask plate The difficulty of production and the difficulty of opening the net.
  • the angle of the inclination angle formed by the longitudinal direction of the third sub-pixel 16 and the row direction or the column direction ranges from 45° to 135°.
  • the virtual side of any third sub-pixel 16i and another third sub-pixel 16i adjacent to and closer to the third sub-pixel 16i The minimum distance between the virtual sides of the sub-pixel 16j is the first distance y.
  • the minimum distance between the virtual side of the third sub-pixel 16i and the virtual side of another third sub-pixel 16k adjacent thereto is the second distance x, where y ⁇ x.
  • the first distance y may be set to be smaller than the second distance x.
  • the third sub-pixel 16 is rectangular, and the extending direction of the sides of the rectangular third sub-pixel 16 is inclined at 45° with respect to the row direction or the column direction.
  • the third sub-pixel 16 is arranged obliquely in the same direction, and the distance y between the virtual side of the third sub-pixel 16i and the virtual side of the third sub-pixel 16j adjacent in the row direction remains unchanged, when the distance y When it is greater than or equal to the distance x between the virtual sides of the third sub-pixel 16k adjacent in the column direction, it is necessary to further reduce the distance between the adjacent first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in the column direction. However, this will increase the difficulty of making the openings of other sub-pixels on the mask, and even exceed the limit spacing of the mask.
  • the distance y between the virtual side of the third sub-pixel 16 and the virtual side of the third sub-pixel 16 adjacent to the same row is smaller than the virtual side of the third sub-pixel 16 adjacent to the third sub-pixel 16 in the same column.
  • the setting of the distance x between the sub-pixels can make the longitudinal direction of the third sub-pixels obliquely arranged in the same direction under the premise that the sub-pixels are arranged more compactly.
  • Rectangle-like means that due to process limitations or for the convenience of mask production, the shape of sub-pixels may not be strictly parallelograms or rectangles, but roughly parallelograms or roughly rectangles, for example, rounded rectangles or rectangles with rounded corners. Cut corners of the rectangle.
  • a rounded rectangle is a shape formed by rounding the top corners of a rectangle
  • a corner-cutting rectangle is a shape formed by cutting off one or more top corners of a rectangle. Setting the shape of the sub-pixels to be parallelogram-like or rectangular-like can adjust the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels more flexibly, and meet the restriction conditions of mask production.
  • FIG. 7 shows that two third sub-pixels 16 in two first virtual quadrilaterals arbitrarily sharing the second side b share one mask opening.
  • the third sub-pixels 16 in the two first virtual quadrilaterals sharing the second side b are arranged axisymmetrically with the second side b as the axis of symmetry, and the two second sides The distance between the centers of the three sub-pixels 16 is smaller.
  • the third sub-pixels 16 in the two first virtual quadrilaterals sharing the second side b can share one mask opening.
  • pixel units of smaller size can be manufactured, thereby increasing the PPI of the display panel 100, and further improving the resolution of the display panel 100.
  • each exemplary embodiment of the present application further provides a mask, which is used to fabricate the pixel arrangement structure provided by each exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the mask includes a plurality of opening areas corresponding to the shape and position of the first sub-pixel 12, the second sub-pixel 14 or the third sub-pixel 16, and substantially includes the pixel arrangement in the foregoing embodiments
  • One or more of the corresponding technical features of the structure will not be repeated here.
  • each exemplary embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, which includes the display panel 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the display panel 100 includes the pixel arrangement structure provided by the exemplary embodiments of the present application, and the pixel arrangement structure substantially includes one or more of the corresponding technical features of the pixel arrangement structure in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the display device can be applied to fields such as mobile phone terminals, bionic electronics, electronic skins, wearable devices, in-vehicle devices, Internet of Things devices, and artificial intelligence devices.
  • the above-mentioned display device may be a digital device such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a palmtop computer, an iPod, and a smart watch.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种像素排布结构，包括两个第一子像素、两个第二子像素和第三子像素。两个第一子像素位于第一虚拟四边形的两个第一顶点位置处。两个第二子像素位于第一虚拟四边形的两个第二顶点位置处。两个第一顶点和两个第二顶点交替且间隔设置。第三子像素位于第一虚拟四边形内，且第三子像素的中心偏离第一虚拟四边形的中心。沿行方向或列方向，第一虚拟四边形具有彼此相对的第一边和第二边，且第一边的长度小于第二边的长度。在第一虚拟四边形中，位于第二边上的第一子像素距第三子像素的距离，大于位于第一边上的第一子像素距第三子像素的距离。

Description

像素排布结构、显示面板及显示装置
相关申请
本申请要求于2020年03月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010167886.4的中国专利申请的优先权,在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，特别是涉及一种像素排布结构、显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
随着显示技术的不断发展，人们对于显示面板的分辨率的要求也越来越高。高分辨率显示面板由于具有显示质量高等优点，其应用范围也越来越广。通常，一般是利用蒸镀成膜技术将有机材料透过精细掩膜板，在阵列基板上的相应的子像素位置形成有机电致发光结构。然而，当减小相邻子像素之间的距离以获得高开口率时，会增加掩膜板的制作难度，降低沉积可靠性。当增加子像素之间的距离以提高沉积可靠性时，会牺牲开口率。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种像素排布结构、显示面板及显示装置。
根据本申请的一个方面，提供一种像素排布结构，包括：
两个第一子像素，位于第一虚拟四边形的两个第一顶点位置处；
两个第二子像素，位于所述第一虚拟四边形的两个第二顶点位置处，所述两个第一顶点和所述两个第二顶点交替且间隔设置；及
第三子像素，位于所述第一虚拟四边形内，且所述第三子像素的中心偏离第一虚拟四边形的中心；
其中，沿行方向或列方向，所述第一虚拟四边形具有彼此相对的第一边和第二边，所述第一边的长度小于所述第二边的长度；
在所述第一虚拟四边形中，所述两个第一子像素中位于所述第二边的一第一子像素距所述第三子像素的距离，大于所述两个第一子像素中位于所述第一边的另一第一子像素距所述第三子像素的距离。
上述的像素排布结构，在工艺条件相同的情况下，可以使共享第二边的相邻的两个第 一虚拟四边形中的第三子像素的间距相较于其他排布形式增大，扩大了相邻的像素开口之间可以利用的距离，有利于张网力的传输，减少了掩膜板(Mask)的变形，降低了精细金属掩膜板制作工艺和蒸镀工艺的难度。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供一种显示面板，包括如上述实施例所述的像素排布结构。
根据本申请的又一方面，提供一种显示装置，包括如上述实施例所述的显示面板。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的掩膜板的结构示意图。
图2为本申请一实施例中的显示面板的结构示意图。
图3为蓝光、绿光和蓝光的光谱曲线图。
图4为本申请一实施例中的像素排布示意图。
图5为本申请另一实施例中的像素排布示意图。
图6为本申请又一实施例中的像素排布示意图。
图7为本申请再一实施例中的像素排布示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请，下面将参照相关附图对本申请进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的各示例性实施例。但是，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
目前的OLED显示面板的彩色化方法有许多种，其中，较为成熟并用于大量量产的OLED彩色化技术是OLED蒸镀技术。具体地，OLED蒸镀技术是一种利用蒸镀成膜技术透过高精细金属掩膜板(Fine Metal Mask，FMM)在阵列基板(Array Substrate)上相应的子像素位置形成有机发光元器件的蒸镀技术，其中，所述高精细金属掩膜板通常简称为蒸镀掩膜板。制作高PPI(Pixel Per Inch，每英寸所拥有的像素数目)的OLED显示屏的技术重点在于精细度高及机械稳定性好的FMM以及像素的排布方式。
具体而言，FMM应尽量少地发生翘曲、断裂等问题，避免造成蒸镀膜层晕开、偏移等影响蒸镀品质的缺陷。像素的排布方式是决定FMM是否容易发生翘曲和断裂的主要原因。即，子像素的排布方式较大程度上决定FMM的机械性能，FMM的机械性能又较大程度上决定蒸镀的品质。例如，如图1所示，如果两个子像素的间距过小，则FMM对应的 两个蒸镀开口之间的连接部分A由于其宽度过窄而具有断开的风险，且FMM和子像素区的对位空间也会缩小，从而有可能使形成的子像素产生缺色或混色的缺陷。若增加了连接部分A的宽度，则需要缩小子像素的大小，从而影响OLED显示屏的开口率，不利于高分辨率的实现。因此，目前的OLED显示器件内，像素排布结构中的子像素之间的距离较大，从而导致同等分辨率的条件下，子像素的开口面积较小。这样需要增大驱动电流才能满足显示的亮度要求。但是，OLED显示器件在大驱动电流下工作时，容易发生器件老化，进而出现大视角色偏的现象，缩短了OLED显示器件的寿命。
此外，为使终端设备实现更多的功能，也越来越广泛地在屏下设置感光器件，例如，在屏下设置指纹识别器件。用于获取指纹图像的感光器件可以包括光学传感器。光学传感器中可以包括多个像素点，该多个像素点可以分别接收物体不同位置反射的光信号作为入射光线，并将入射光线转换成电信号，从而生成物体的图像。因此，像素点接收的光信号的进光量以及对比度均会影响生成物体的图像质量。如此，对显示面板的透光性也具有一定的要求，进一步地为像素排布结构的设计增加了难度。
本发明各实施例提供了一种像素排布结构、显示面板及显示装置，能够较佳地改善上述问题。
参阅图2，显示面板100包括显示区域10和非显示区域20，其中显示区域10通过多个子像素来显示图像。在一实施例中，显示区域10可以为矩形，非显示区域20环绕显示区域10设置。当然，显示区域10和非显示区域20的形状和布置包括但不限于上述的实施例。例如，当显示面板100用于可穿戴设备时，显示区域10可以具有像手表表盘一样的圆形形状。当显示面板100用于车辆上进行显示时，显示区域10及非显示区域20可为圆形、多边形或其他形状。显示区域10设有用于发射不同颜色光的多个子像素，其中子像素定义为用于发射光的最小单元(例如，显示面板100的最小可寻址单元)。请参照图4，在一实施例中，像素排布结构包括分别发射不同颜色光的第一子像素12、第二子像素14及第三子像素16。第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16可以分别为红色子像素、蓝色子像素和绿色子像素中的一种，共同构成一个呈现白光的像素。当然，在其他一些实施例中，第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16还可以为红色、绿色和蓝色之外的其他颜色，在此不作限定。
不同颜色的光具有不同的波长。波长越高意味着光的能量越高。能量越高的光越容易引起有机发光材料的衰变，使得发射能量高的光子的子像素更容易衰减。如图3所示的光谱曲线图中，其中横轴为波长，单位为纳米，纵坐标为光强，由于蓝光波长相较于红光波 长和绿光波长短，因此，蓝光的能量更高，发射蓝光的有机发光材料更容易发生衰变，导致像素单元中发出的光容易偏红，造成白光色偏现象。此外，由于每个子像素发射的光通过微腔效应在阳极和阴极之间重复反射和再反射，进行放大和相长干涉，光的亮度增加，因此色偏情况进一步被放大。
如图4所示，蓝色子像素(第二子像素14)的发光面积(像素开口面积)大于红色子像素(第一子像素12)和绿色子像素(第三子像素16)的发光面积。这样，可以一定程度降低因发射不同颜色光的有机发光材料衰减速率不同而造成的显示不良。
由于人眼对绿光比较敏感，在一些实施方式中，绿色子像素的发光面积小于红色子像素的发光面积。当然，在另一些实施方式中，绿色子像素的发光面积也可以与红色子像素的发光面积相等，在此不作限定。
本申请各示例性实施例提供的显示面板100，可以为有机发光显示面板100。子像素至少包括阳极和阴极，以及位于阳极和阴极之间的发光层。驱动电路向阳极和阴极之间施加电压，激发载流子迁移，作用于发光层，从而发射出光线。
具体地，发光层至少包括空穴传输层、有机材料层及电子传输层。阳极用于为空穴传输层提供空穴或传输空穴。阴极用于给有机材料层提供电子或传输电子。一些实施方式中，显示面板100还可以包括像素定义层。像素定义层界定出了多个像素开口。子像素的发光层设于像素开口中，以避免相邻的子像素之间发生串色或干扰。例如，如图4和图5所示的实施例中，第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16的形状均为矩形，该矩形包括内侧矩形以及围绕内侧矩形的外侧矩形。内侧矩形的边称为像素边，即像素定义层(PDL)的像素开口的边界。外侧矩形的边称为子像素的虚拟边。所述虚拟边是指掩膜板遮挡显示面板100时的子像素的外边界。子像素之间的距离是指子像素之间相邻的像素边之间的最小距离。例如，如图4所示，第一子像素12a距第三子像素16的距离为两个子像素的像素边之间的最小距离。
在一实施例中，各子像素的每一像素边与对应的虚拟边彼此平行且距对应的虚拟边的垂直距离彼此相等。这样使得子像素排列更为均匀和规则，从而可以有效提高子像素的发光层的制作精度和良品率，并降低掩膜板张网时产生褶皱的风险。
在其他一些实施例中，第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16的形状还可以为其他形状，例如，四边形、六边形、八边形或具有圆倒角的圆角四边形、圆角六边形或圆角八边形，在此不作限定。
本申请的各示例性实施例中，第一子像素12位于第一虚拟四边形的第一顶点位置处， 第二子像素14位于第一虚拟四边形的第二顶点位置处，且第一顶点和第二顶点交替且间隔设置。即，两个第一子像素12分别位于第一虚拟四边形的相对的一对顶角处，两个第二子像素14分别位于第一虚拟四边形的相对的另一对顶角处。第三子像素16位于第一虚拟四边形内，即，由两个第一子像素12和两个第二子像素14包围。这样，一方面，可以使各子像素排布更为紧凑，提高了各子像素的开口率。另一方面，在一些实施例中，可以将人眼敏感颜色的子像素放入第一虚拟四边形内，从而起到防止色偏的作用。例如，当通过红光、绿光和蓝光进行混色形成白光时，可以按照大致30％的红光、60％的绿光和10％的蓝光的比例进行混合。相较其他形式的排布方式，将第三子像素16设置为绿色子像素时，可以使混色更均匀，且能够较佳地改善色偏。
子像素位于某一位置处，是指子像素位置范围，只要保证子像素与该位置有重叠即可。例如，一些实施例中，第一子像素或第二子像素的中心可以与第一虚拟四边形的顶点不重合，即两者存在偏移。但是，为了尽可能保证各子像素能够均匀分布，在一实施例中，第一子像素12可以具有与第一虚拟四边形的第一顶点重合的中心，第二子像素14可以具有与第一虚拟四边形的第二顶点重合的中心。子像素的中心可以是子像素图形的几何中心，也可以是子像素的发光颜色的中心，在此不作限定。
一些实施例中，该像素排布结构包括多个第一虚拟四边形，多个第一虚拟四边形以共享边的方式排布形成阵列，即相邻的两个像素组共用位于相邻的第一虚拟四边形侧边的第一子像素12和第二子像素14。更具体的，位于第一虚拟四边形的第一顶点位置处的第一子像素12与位于第一虚拟四边形的第二顶点位置处的第二子像素14被1至4个第一虚拟四边形共用。例如，如图4所示的实施例中，在该阵列中，在第N行中的多个第一虚拟四边形与第N+1行中的多个第一虚拟四边形彼此啮合，而第N行中的第一虚拟四边形的排布方式与第N+2行中的第一虚拟四边形的排布方式相同，其中，N≥1。这样，在显示时，任意相邻的第一子像素12和第二子像素14可以和与它们均相邻的第三子像素16组成一个发光像素。像素之间通过借色原理由低分辨率的物理分辨率实现高分辨率的显示效果。
本申请的各示例性实施例中，沿行方向或列方向，第一虚拟四边形具有彼此相对且长度不等的第一边a和第二边b，其中第一边a的长度小于第二边b的长度。
如图4所示的实施例中，第一虚拟四边形具有四个顶点，两个第一子像素12的中心分别与第一虚拟四边形相对的两个顶点(即第一顶点)重合，两个第二子像素14的中心分别与第一虚拟四边形另外两个相对的顶点(即第二顶点)重合。第一边a和第二边b均是以第一顶点和第二顶点为端点的两条边。其中，第一边a为在行方向上长度较短的侧边， 第二边b为在行方向上长度较长的侧边。对应地，位于第一边a的第一子像素12和第二子像素14的间距较小，两者的虚拟边邻接。位于第二边b的第一子像素12和第二子像素14的间距较大，即两者的虚拟边彼此间隔开来。容易理解，当第一虚拟四边形为正方形时，第一子像素12距相邻的任意的第二子像素14的距离均相等。如此，虽然子像素的排布均匀，但受限于不同子像素的发光面积大小不同，以及受限于掩膜工艺，开口率较低。而将第一虚拟四边形彼此相对的第一边a和第二边b设置为长度不等时，则可以通过调整第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16的位置，使子像素排布更加紧凑。在掩膜工艺的极限间距允许的条件下，降低了相邻子像素之间的间距，从而提高了子像素的开口率。
作为一种可选地实施方式，第一边a和第二边b可以彼此平行设置。如图4和图5所示，在行方向上，相邻的每两个第一虚拟四边形以所述第一边a或第二边b为对称轴进行轴对称设置。如此，可以使子像素的排布更为规整，提高了显示效果，且同色子像素可以排成一行或一列，降低了布线难度和掩膜板的制作难度。
本申请的各示例性实施例中，第三子像素16的中心偏离第一虚拟四边形的中心，且位于第二边b的第一子像素12距第三子像素16的距离，大于位于第一边a的第一子像素12距第三子像素16的距离。可以理解的是，第一虚拟四边形的中心可以指第一虚拟四边形的两条对角线的交点。这样，在工艺条件相同的情况下，采用这种子像素排布结构，使共享第二边b的相邻的两个第一虚拟四边形中的第三子像素16的间距相较于其他排布形式增大，扩大了相邻的像素开口之间可以利用的距离，有利于张网力的传输，减少了掩膜板的变形，降低了精细金属掩膜板制作工艺和蒸镀工艺的难度。
具体地，如图4和图5所示，第三子像素16的中心偏离对应的第一虚拟四边形的中心。第三子像素16距对应的第一虚拟四边形的其中一个第一子像素12a的距离为c，且该第三子像素16距另一个第一子像素12b的距离为d，其中，c＞d。与共享第二边b对应的两个第一虚拟四边形中的第三子像素16的虚拟边之间的最小间距h相较于其他排布形式的间距更大，从而保证了第三子像素16的开口率，且降低了制作第三子像素16的掩膜板的难度。
屏下感光器件接收的光信号的进光量以及对比度均会影响感光器件的成像质量，因此采用传统的像素排布结构的显示面板100时，虽然可透光区域较多，使透光面积总体上无差异，但在特定区域内连续的透光区域的面积较小，无法满足屏下感光器件正常工作所需的光透过率。本申请的各示例性实施例中，在第一虚拟四边形中，两个第一子像素12距第三子像素16的距离彼此不相等，可以增加连续的透光区域的面积，从而提高了显示面 板100的透光率，有利于显示面板100的功能多样化。例如，如图4和图5所示的实施例中，相邻的两个第一虚拟四边形中的两个第三子像素16，与该两个第一虚拟四边形共享的第一子像素12和第二子像素14的虚拟边之间共同形成透光区域，多个相邻的第一虚拟四边形所对应的子像素的虚拟边之间的透光区域可连成一个大的透光区域，从而有效提高了显示面板100的光透过率。
一些实施例中，在第一虚拟四边形中，第三子像素16的中心与任一第一子像素12的中心之间的距离不等于第三子像素16与任一第二子像素14的中心之间的距离。增大衰减速率快的子像素的发光面积，可以改善色偏现象。但如果单纯增大子像素的发光面积，则子像素之间的距离会减小，如果不改变像素排布方式，则子像素的开口率会降低。在本实施例中，将第三子像素16的中心与任一第一子像素12的中心之间的距离设置为不等于该第三子像素16与任一第二子像素14的中心之间的距离。如此，可以使第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16之间紧密排列，从而在同等分辨率的条件下可以增大子像素的发光面积。例如，第三子像素16的中心与任一第一子像素12的中心之间的距离小于第三子像素16的中心与任一第二子像素14的中心之间的距离，使第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16之间能够紧密排列，从而在同等分辨率的条件下可以增大第二子像素14的发光面积。
作为可选地实施方式，第三子像素16的中心与两个第二子像素14的中心之间的距离可相等，也可不等，在此不作限定。
一些实施例中，在第一虚拟四边形中，一个第一子像素12距相邻的任一第二子像素14的距离，和另一个第一子像素12距相邻的任一第二子像素14的距离不相等。这样，可以使子像素的排布更为紧密，且有充足空间调节第三子像素的位置，满足两个第一子像素12距第三子像素16的距离不同，从而增大共享第二边b和两个第三子像素之间的距离，有利于降低掩膜板的制作难度。例如，一些实施例中，在第一虚拟四边形中，第一子像素12a距相邻的两个第二子像素14之间的距离，均小于第一子像素12b距相邻的两个第二子像素14之间的距离。如图4和图5所示，可以使第一子像素12a的虚拟边和其中一个相邻的第二子像素14的虚拟边邻接，和另一个相邻的第二子像素14的虚拟边间隔预设距离，从而增加第一子像素12a和所述另一个相邻的第二子像素14之间的间距，有利于提高子像素的开口率。此外，由于另一个第一子像素12b距所述相邻的两个第二子像素14较远，因此可以通过调节第三子像素16的位置，在保证开口率的同时，使共享第二边b的两侧的两个第三子像素16间距增大，从而降低了掩膜板的制作难度。
在其他一些实施例中，第一子像素12a距相邻的两个第二子像素14的距离可以相等也可不等，第一子像素12b距相邻的两个第二子像素14的距离可相等也可不等。也就是说，在第一虚拟四边形中，任一第一子像素12与相邻两个第二子像素14之间的距离均可彼此不相等。同样地，可以根据需要合理设置上述距离，从而在保证开口率的同时，降低掩膜板的制作难度。
一些实施例中，在第一虚拟四边形中，相对的两个内角中的一个小于90°，另一个大于90°。如图4和图5所示，在第一虚拟四边形中，第一边a平行于第二边b，对应两个第一子像素12的第一虚拟四边形的两个内角中的一个小于90度，另一个大于90。对应两个第二子像素14的第一虚拟四边形的两个内角中的一个小于90度，另一个大于90度。如此，在同等工艺条件下，使第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16排布相较于其他方式(例如，相对的两个内角均小于90或均大于90度)更紧密，从而有效提高子像素的开口率。
当然，在另外一些实施例中，在第一虚拟四边形中，第一边a和第二边b亦可不平行，其中一对内角可以为90度，另外一对内角中一个内角小于90度，另一个内角大于90度，在此不作限定。
在第一虚拟四边形内，第一边a和第二边b的长度差过大，则会造成第一虚拟四边形相对的内角差异过大，从而造成子像素的排布过于松散，影响子像素的开口率。
在一实施例中，第一虚拟四边形的第一边a的长度与第二边b的长度比值范围可以为0.5～0.95。如图4所示的实施例中，第一边a的长度a小于第二边b的长度b，且a:b的比值范围为0.5～0.95。这样，可以在满足工艺极限的前提下，尽可能使子像素排布更为紧凑。
子像素之间的最小间距应当满足工艺极限间距。工艺极限间距与使用的制作工艺有关。例如，在采用FMM进行刻蚀工艺形成子像素图形时，该最小间距可约在16μm左右，而在采用激光或电铸工艺形成子像素图形时，该最小间距会更小。
本申请的各示例性实施例中，在行方向或列方向，任意共享第一边a或第二边b的两个第一虚拟四边形为一组；在相邻行或列共享第二边b或第一边a的两个第一虚拟四边形为另一组。两组中的四个第一虚拟四边形共享一个第一顶点或第二顶点，两组第一虚拟四边形中的四个第三子像素16的中心的连线形成第二虚拟四边形。例如，如图4和图5所示的实施例中，同一第一虚拟四边形中，第一边a平行于第二边b。在行方向上，两个第一虚拟四边形共享第一边a。在相邻行，两个第一虚拟四边形共享第二边b。四个第一虚拟四边形中的四个第三子像素16的中心的连线形成第二虚拟四边形。所述第二虚拟四边形 沿列方向具有彼此相对且长度不等的第三边e和第四边f。采用如此设计，可以进一步地使第一子像素12、第二子像素14和第三子像素16排布更为紧凑，有利于增加子像素的开口面积，提高开口率。
作为一种可选地实施方式，第二虚拟四边形中的第三边e和第四边f彼此平行。这样，可以使同一行或列中的第三子像素16的中心的连线位于同一直线上，从而进一步地降低了布线难度和掩膜板的制作难度。如图4和图5所示，第一虚拟四边形中，第一边a平行于第二边b，而在第二虚拟四边形中，第三边e平行于第四边f，且第三边e和第四边f的延伸方向垂直于第一边a和第二边b的延伸方向。如此，进一步地使子像素的排布更为均匀和规则，有利于提高显示均匀性且降低了掩膜板的制作难度。
参阅图6，本申请的一些实施例中，第三子像素16的形状为长方形或类长方形。多个第三子像素16的纵长方向与行方向或列方向成一倾斜角。应当理解的是，掩膜板受力通常沿行方向或列方向传递，例如，张网力可沿行方向传递。对应第三子像素16相对行方向或列方向倾斜设置的掩膜板的开口可以将受力在行方向和列方向分解，从而避免由于FMM的张网力集中而造成的开口变形，降低了掩膜板的制作难度和张网难度。此外，当掩膜板的开口倾斜设置时，在同样长度和宽度的掩膜板中，可以设置更多的开口，从而降低了掩膜板的制作成本。在一实施例中，第三子像素16的纵长方向与行方向或列方向形成的倾斜角的角度范围为45°～135°。
作为一种可选的实施方式，如图6所示，沿行方向或列方向，任一第三子像素16i的虚拟边和与该第三子像素16i相邻且更靠近的另一个第三子像素16j的虚拟边之间的最小距离为第一距离y。沿列方向或行方向，该第三子像素16i的虚拟边和与其相邻的又一个第三子像素16k的虚拟边之间的最小距离为第二距离x，其中，y＜x。也就是说，由于位于第二边b的第一子像素12距第三子像素16的距离，均大于位于第一边a的第一子像素距第三子像素16的距离，则在行方向或列方向，存在任一第三子像素16与其相邻的两个第三子像素16之间的距离不相等。
此外，为了兼顾子像素排布的紧密性且使第三子像素16的纵长方向相对行方向或列方向沿相同方向倾斜设置，可以将第一距离y设置为小于第二距离x。例如，在如图6所示的实施例中，第三子像素16呈长方形，且长方形第三子像素16的的边的延伸方向相对行方向或列方向呈45°倾斜设置。如果第三子像素16沿相同方向倾斜设置，且第三子像素16i的虚拟边与在行方向上相邻的第三子像素16j的虚拟边之间的距离y保持不变，则当该距离y大于或等于其在列方向上相邻的第三子像素16k的虚拟边之间的距离x时，需要进 一步在列方向上缩小相邻的第一子像素和第二子像素之间的间距。但如此会造成其他子像素在掩膜板上的开口的制作难度增大，甚至是超过掩膜板极限间距。因此，采用第三子像素16的虚拟边与位于同一行相邻的所述第三子像素16的虚拟边之间的距离y，小于与其位于同一列相邻的第三子像素16的虚拟边之间的距离x的设置，可以在子像素排布更紧凑的前提下，使第三子像素的纵长方向沿相同方向倾斜设置。
类长方形是指，由于工艺限制或者为了掩膜板的制作便利，子像素的形状可能不是严格的平行四边形或长方形，而是大致为平行四边形或大致长方形，例如，具有圆角的圆角矩形或切角矩形。圆角矩形是矩形的顶角被倒圆角形成的形状，切角矩形是矩形的一个或多个顶角被切掉所形成的形状。将子像素的形状设置为类平行四边形或类长方形可以更加灵活地调整子像素的开口率，并满足掩膜板在制作的限制条件。
参阅图7，图7示出了任意共享第二边b的两个第一虚拟四边形中的两个第三子像素16共用一个掩膜板开口。具体地，如图7所示，在列方向上，共享第二边b的两个第一虚拟四边形中的第三子像素16以第二边b为对称轴进行轴对称设置，且两个第三子像素16的中心之间的距离更小。如此，使共享第二边b的两个第一虚拟四边形中的第三子像素16可以共用一个掩膜板开口。这样，在满足工艺条件下，可以制作更小尺寸的像素单元，从而增加显示面板100的PPI，进而提高了显示面板100的分辨率。
基于同样的发明构思，本申请的各示例性实施例还提供一种掩膜板，用于制作本申请各示例性实施例提供的像素排布结构。该掩膜板包括多个开口区域，所述开口区域与第一子像素12、第二子像素14或第三子像素16的形状和位置相对应，并实质包含上述各实施例中像素排布结构的对应的技术特征中的一种或多种，这里不再赘述。
基于同样的发明构思，本申请的各示例性实施例还提供一种显示装置，该显示装置包括上述实施例中的显示面板100。该显示面板100包括本申请各示例性实施例提供的像素排布结构，该像素排布结构实质包含上述各实施例中像素排布结构的对应的技术特征中的一种或多种，这里不再赘述
具体地，该显示装置可以应用于手机终端、仿生电子、电子皮肤、可穿戴设备、车载设备、物联网设备及人工智能设备等领域。例如，上述显示装置可以为手机、平板、掌上电脑、ipod、智能手表等数码设备。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范 围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种像素排布结构，包括：
    两个第一子像素，位于一第一虚拟四边形的两个第一顶点位置处；
    两个第二子像素，位于所述第一虚拟四边形的两个第二顶点位置处，所述两个第一顶点和所述两个第二顶点交替且间隔设置；及
    第三子像素，位于所述第一虚拟四边形内，且所述第三子像素的中心偏离所述第一虚拟四边形的中心；
    其中，沿行方向或列方向，所述第一虚拟四边形具有彼此相对的第一边和第二边，所述第一边的长度小于所述第二边的长度；
    在所述第一虚拟四边形中，所述两个第一子像素中位于所述第二边的一第一子像素距所述第三子像素的距离，大于所述两个第一子像素中位于所述第一边的另一第一子像素距所述第三子像素的距离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述两个第一子像素的中心分别与所述两个第一顶点彼此重合；
    所述两个第二子像素的中心分别与所述两个第二顶点彼此重合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述第一边与所述第二边彼此平行。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的像素排布结构，其中，在所述第一虚拟四边形中，所述两个第一子像素中的一个第一子像素距相邻的任一第二子像素的距离，和所述两个第一子像素中的另一个所述第一子像素距相邻的任一第二子像素的距离不相等。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述第一虚拟四边形相对的两个内角中的一个小于90°，另一个大于90°。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的像素排布结构，其中，在所述第一虚拟四边形中，所述第三子像素的中心与任一第一子像素的中心之间的距离，不等于所述第三子像素的中心与任一第二子像素的中心之间的距离。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述像素排布结构包括多个所述第一虚拟四边形，所述多个第一虚拟四边形以共享边的方式排布形成阵列。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的像素排布结构，其中，在所述行方向或所述列方向，任意共享所述第一边或所述第二边的两个第一虚拟四边形为一组；在相邻行或相邻列中的共享所述第二边或所述第一边的两个第一虚拟四边形为另一组，
    所述两组中，四个第一虚拟四边形共享一个所述第一顶点或所述第二顶点，四个第三 子像素的中心的连线形成第二虚拟四边形；
    所述第二虚拟四边形沿所述列方向或所述行方向具有彼此相对且长度不等的第三边和第四边。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述第三边与所述第四边彼此平行。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述第三子像素的形状为长方形或类长方形。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述第三子像素的纵长方向与所述行方向或所述列方向成一倾斜角。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述倾斜角的范围为45°至135°。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的像素排布结构，其中，沿所述行方向或所述列方向，任一第三子像素的虚拟边和与所述第三子像素相邻且更靠近的另一个第三子像素的虚拟边之间的最小距离为第一距离；
    且沿所述列方向或所述行方向，所述第三子像素的虚拟边和与其相邻的又一第三子像素的虚拟边之间的最小距离为第二距离；
    其中，所述第一距离小于所述第二距离。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的像素排布结构，其中，任意共享所述第二边的所述两个第一虚拟四边形中的两个第三子像素共用一个掩膜板开口。
  15. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的像素排布结构，其中，任一所述两个第二子像素的开口面积大于任一所述两个第一子像素的开口面积，且大于所述第三子像素的开口面积。
  16. 根据权利要求15中任一项所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述第三子像素的中心与任一第一子像素的中心之间的距离小于所述第三子像素的中心与任一第二子像素的中心之间的距离。
  17. 根据权利要求15中任一项所述的像素排布结构，其中，所述第一子像素为红色子像素，所述第二子像素为蓝色子像素，所述第三子像素为绿色子像素。
  18. 一种显示面板，包括如权利要求1-17中任一项所述的像素排布结构。
  19. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求18所述的显示面板。
PCT/CN2021/074460 2020-03-11 2021-01-29 像素排布结构、显示面板及显示装置 WO2021179837A1 (zh)

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