WO2021171371A1 - 加工システム - Google Patents

加工システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021171371A1
WO2021171371A1 PCT/JP2020/007493 JP2020007493W WO2021171371A1 WO 2021171371 A1 WO2021171371 A1 WO 2021171371A1 JP 2020007493 W JP2020007493 W JP 2020007493W WO 2021171371 A1 WO2021171371 A1 WO 2021171371A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
processing system
stage
processing
work
holding portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/007493
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
壮史 松田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nikon Corp
Original Assignee
Nikon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nikon Corp filed Critical Nikon Corp
Priority to PCT/JP2020/007493 priority Critical patent/WO2021171371A1/ja
Priority to JP2022502373A priority patent/JP7468614B2/ja
Priority to US17/802,411 priority patent/US20230079144A1/en
Priority to EP20921895.7A priority patent/EP4112221A4/en
Publication of WO2021171371A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021171371A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to JP2024059993A priority patent/JP7736112B2/ja
Priority to JP2025138101A priority patent/JP2025183235A/ja
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/31—Calibration of process steps or apparatus settings, e.g. before or during manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/20—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
    • B22F12/37—Rotatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/0823—Devices involving rotation of the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/127—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B23K26/1462—Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
    • B23K26/1464—Supply to, or discharge from, nozzles of media, e.g. gas, powder, wire
    • B23K26/147—Features outside the nozzle for feeding the fluid stream towards the workpiece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
    • B23K37/0211—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element travelling on a guide member, e.g. rail, track
    • B23K37/0235—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element travelling on a guide member, e.g. rail, track the guide member forming part of a portal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/236—Driving means for motion in a direction within the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/241—Driving means for rotary motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
    • B29C64/371—Conditioning of environment using an environment other than air, e.g. inert gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
    • G05B19/401—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/46—Radiation means with translatory movement
    • B22F12/48—Radiation means with translatory movement in height, e.g. perpendicular to the deposition plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
    • B23K26/703—Cooling arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to, for example, the technical field of a processing system for processing an object.
  • Patent Document 1 describes an example of a processing system for processing an object. In such a processing system, it is a technical problem to appropriately process an object.
  • a processing system for processing an object at least one of a processing device for processing the object, a rotating device for rotating a holding portion for holding the object, and the processing device and the holding portion.
  • the moving device for moving one of the moving devices, the measuring device for measuring at least a part of the object held by the holding portion, and the moving device and the rotating device are controlled based on the measurement results of the measuring device to control the moving device and the rotating device.
  • a machining system including a control device for rotating a holding portion and moving at least one of the machining apparatus and the holding portion.
  • the processing apparatus for processing the object by irradiating the object with an energy beam and at least one of the irradiation position of the energy beam and the object are moved.
  • a moving device to be moved, a rotating device for rotating a holding portion for holding the object, a measuring device for measuring at least a part of the object, and the moving device and the rotating device are controlled based on the measurement results of the measuring device.
  • a processing system including a control device for rotating the object and moving at least one of the irradiation position and the object is provided.
  • a processing system for processing an object at least one of a processing device for processing the object, a rotating device for rotating a holding portion for holding the object, and the processing device and the holding portion.
  • a moving device that moves one side, a measuring device that measures at least a part of the object held by the holding portion, and the object held by the holding portion and the rotation based on the measurement results of the measuring device.
  • a machining system is provided that includes a control device that acquires a relationship with the rotation axis of the device.
  • a processing device for processing the object in a processing system for processing an object, a processing device for processing the object, a first surface on which the object is placed, and a second surface different from the first surface are provided.
  • a processing system including a holding portion and a cooling device for cooling the second surface is provided.
  • a processing device for processing the object in a processing system for processing an object, a processing device for processing the object, a first surface on which the object is placed, and a second surface different from the first surface are provided.
  • a processing system including a holding portion and a gas supply device for supplying gas to a space facing the second surface is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the processing system of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the processing system of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the processing system of the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 4A to 4E is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a certain region on the work is irradiated with processing light and a modeling material is supplied.
  • FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c) is a cross-sectional view showing a process of forming a three-dimensional structure.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the flow of the coordinate matching operation.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a stage on which a mark for alignment is formed.
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII'of the stage shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a calibration plate on which a mark for alignment is formed.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX'of the calibration plate shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a calibration plate placed on the stage.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a calibration plate irradiated with processing light.
  • FIG. 13 shows a work supported by the stage so that the amount of eccentricity, which is the amount of deviation between the rotation axis of the stage and the ideal rotation axis of the work, becomes zero.
  • FIG. 13 shows a work supported by the stage so that the amount of eccentricity, which is the amount of deviation between the rotation axis of the stage and the ideal rotation axis of the work, becomes zero.
  • FIG. 13 shows a work supported by the stage so that the amount of eccentricity, which is the amount of deviation between the rotation
  • FIG. 14 (a) shows the movement locus of the target irradiation region on the work during the period in which the stage is rotating around the rotation axis parallel to the Z axis in a state where the amount of eccentricity is zero
  • FIG. 14 (b) shows.
  • ) Shows the movement locus on the work of the target irradiation region during the period in which the stage is rotating around the rotation axis inclined with respect to the Z axis in a state where the amount of eccentricity is zero
  • FIG. 14 (c) shows.
  • the movement locus on the work of the target irradiation region during the period in which the stage is rotating around the rotation axis orthogonal to the Z axis in a state where the amount of eccentricity is zero is shown.
  • 15 shows a work supported by the stage so that the amount of eccentricity, which is the amount of deviation between the rotation axis of the stage and the ideal rotation axis of the work, does not become zero.
  • 16 (a) and 16 (b) show the relative positions of the workpiece and the machining head supported by the stage rotating around the rotation axis parallel to the Z axis in a state where the eccentric amount is not zero. Show the relationship.
  • 17 (a) and 17 (b) show the relative between the workpiece and the machining head supported by the stage rotating around the rotation axis inclined with respect to the Z axis in a state where the amount of eccentricity is not zero. Shows the positional relationship.
  • FIG. 18 (a) and 18 (b) show the relative positions of the workpiece and the machining head supported by the stage rotating around the rotation axis orthogonal to the Z axis in a state where the amount of eccentricity is not zero. Show the relationship.
  • FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing an irradiation optical system including a galvano mirror.
  • FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing the flow of the eccentricity acquisition operation.
  • FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing a flow of operation for calculating the rotation axis of the stage in step S21 of FIG.
  • FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a flow of operation for calculating the rotation axis of the work in step S22 of FIG.
  • FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the processing system of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the processing system of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the processing system of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the processing system of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the processing system of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the cooling device of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 29 is a plan view showing an example of the calibration plate.
  • FIG. 30 is a plan view showing an example of the calibration plate.
  • FIG. 31 is a plan view showing an example of the calibration plate.
  • FIG. 32 is a plan view showing an example of the calibration pattern.
  • FIG. 33 is a plan view showing an example of the calibration pattern.
  • FIG. 34 is a plan view showing an example of the calibration pattern.
  • 35 (a) and 35 (b) are a plan view and a perspective view showing
  • each of the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is a horizontal direction (that is, a predetermined direction in the horizontal plane), and the Z-axis direction is a vertical direction (that is, a direction orthogonal to the horizontal plane). Yes, it is assumed that it is substantially in the vertical direction or the gravity direction).
  • the rotation directions (in other words, the inclination direction) around the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are referred to as the ⁇ X direction, the ⁇ Y direction, and the ⁇ Z direction, respectively.
  • the Z-axis direction may be the direction of gravity.
  • the XY plane may be horizontal.
  • the processing system SYS of the first embodiment First, the machining system SYS of the first embodiment (hereinafter, the machining system SYS of the first embodiment will be referred to as "machining system SYSA") will be described.
  • the processing system SYSa of the first embodiment is a processing system capable of forming a three-dimensional structure ST by performing additional processing.
  • the processing system SYSa can form a three-dimensional structure ST by performing additional processing based on, for example, a laser overlay welding method (LMD: Laser Metal Deposition).
  • the laser overlay welding method (LMD) includes direct metal deposition, direct energy deposition, laser cladding, laser engineered net shaping, direct light fabrication, and laser consolidation.
  • the processing system SYSa may form the three-dimensional structure ST by performing additional processing based on other additional processing methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing a system configuration of the processing system SYSA of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the processing system SYSA of the first embodiment.
  • the processing system SYSa is a three-dimensional structure (that is, a three-dimensional object having a size in any of the three-dimensional directions, and is a three-dimensional object, in other words, in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
  • An object with a size) ST can be formed.
  • the processing system SYSa can form the three-dimensional structure ST on the work W which is the basis (that is, the base material) for forming the three-dimensional structure ST.
  • the processing system SYSa can form the three-dimensional structure ST by performing additional processing on the work W.
  • the machining system SYSa can form the three-dimensional structure ST on the stage 31.
  • the processing system SYSa can form a three-dimensional structure ST on the mounting object.
  • the processing system SYSA may form a three-dimensional structure ST integrated with the mounted object.
  • the operation of forming the three-dimensional structure ST integrated with the mounting object is equivalent to the operation of adding a new structure to the mounting object.
  • the processing system SYSA may form a three-dimensional structure ST separable from the mounted object.
  • the mounted object mounted on the stage 31 may be another three-dimensional structure ST (that is, an existing structure) formed by the processing system SYS.
  • the processing system SYSa can form a modeled object by the laser overlay welding method. That is, it can be said that the processing system SYSa is a 3D printer that forms an object by using the laminated modeling technique.
  • the laminated modeling technique may also be referred to as rapid prototyping, rapid manufacturing, or adaptive manufacturing.
  • the processing system SYSa processes the modeling material M with the processing optical EL to form a modeled object.
  • the modeling material M is a material that can be melted by irradiation with a processing light EL having a predetermined intensity or higher.
  • a modeling material M for example, at least one of a metallic material and a resin material can be used.
  • the modeling material M a material different from the metallic material and the resin material may be used.
  • the modeling material M is a powdery or granular material. That is, the modeling material M is a powder or granular material.
  • the modeling material M does not have to be a powder or granular material.
  • at least one of a wire-shaped modeling material and a gaseous modeling material may be used.
  • the processing system SYSa includes a material supply source 1, a processing unit 2, a stage unit 3, a measuring device 4, and a light source 5, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. , A gas supply source 6 and a control device 7 are provided.
  • the processing unit 2, the stage unit 3, and the measuring device 4 may be housed in the internal space of the housing 8.
  • the material supply source 1 supplies the modeling material M to the processing unit 2.
  • the material supply source 1 is formed in a desired amount according to the required amount so that the amount of the modeling material M required per unit time for forming the three-dimensional structure ST is supplied to the processing unit 2. Supply material M.
  • the processing unit 2 processes the modeling material M supplied from the material supply source 1 to form the three-dimensional structure ST.
  • the machining unit 2 includes a machining head 21 and a head drive system 22.
  • the processing head 21 includes an irradiation optical system 211 and a material nozzle (that is, a supply system for supplying the modeling material M) 212.
  • the processing head 21 may be referred to as a processing apparatus.
  • the irradiation optical system 211 is an optical system (for example, a condensing optical system) for emitting the processed light EL from the injection unit 213. Specifically, the irradiation optical system 211 is optically connected to the light source 5 that emits the processed light EL via an optical transmission member 51 such as an optical fiber or a light pipe. The irradiation optical system 211 emits processed light EL propagating from the light source 5 via the optical transmission member 51. The irradiation optical system 211 irradiates the processed light EL downward (that is, the ⁇ Z side) from the irradiation optical system 211. A stage 31 is arranged below the irradiation optical system 211.
  • the irradiation optical system 211 irradiates the work W with the processing light EL. Therefore, the irradiation optical system 211 may be referred to as an irradiation device. Specifically, the irradiation optical system 211 processes the processing light EL into a target irradiation region EA set on the work W or in the vicinity of the work W as a region to be irradiated (typically focused). It is possible to irradiate light EL.
  • the state of the irradiation optical system 211 can be switched between a state in which the target irradiation area EA is irradiated with the processing light EL and a state in which the target irradiation area EA is not irradiated with the processing light EL under the control of the control device 7.
  • the direction of the processed light EL emitted from the irradiation optical system 211 is not limited to directly below (that is, coincident with the ⁇ Z axis direction), and is, for example, a direction tilted by a predetermined angle with respect to the Z axis. May be good.
  • a supply outlet 214 is formed in the material nozzle 212.
  • the material nozzle 212 supplies the molding material M from the supply outlet 214 (eg, ejects, ejects, ejects, or sprays).
  • the material nozzle 212 is physically connected to the material supply source 1 which is the supply source of the modeling material M via the supply pipe 11 and the mixing device 12.
  • the material nozzle 212 supplies the modeling material M supplied from the material supply source 1 via the supply pipe 11 and the mixing device 12.
  • the material nozzle 212 may pump the modeling material M supplied from the material supply source 1 via the supply pipe 11.
  • the modeling material M from the material supply source 1 and the transporting gas (that is, the pumping gas, that is, an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon) are mixed by the mixing device 12 and then the supply pipe 11 is connected. It may be pumped to the material nozzle 212 via. As a result, the material nozzle 212 supplies the modeling material M together with the conveying gas.
  • the transporting gas for example, purge gas supplied from the gas supply source 6 is used.
  • a gas supplied from a gas supply source different from the gas supply source 6 may be used.
  • the material nozzle 212 is drawn in a tubular shape in FIG. 1, the shape of the material nozzle 212 is not limited to this shape.
  • the material nozzle 212 supplies the modeling material M downward (that is, the ⁇ Z side) from the material nozzle 212.
  • a stage 31 is arranged below the material nozzle 212.
  • the material nozzle 212 supplies the modeling material M toward the work W or the vicinity of the work W.
  • the traveling direction of the modeling material M supplied from the material nozzle 212 is a direction inclined by a predetermined angle (an acute angle as an example) with respect to the Z-axis direction, but even if it is on the ⁇ Z side (that is, directly below). good.
  • the material nozzle 212 is aligned with the irradiation optical system 211 so that the irradiation optical system 211 supplies the modeling material M toward the target irradiation region EA on which the processing light EL is irradiated. That is, the target supply region MA and the target irradiation region EA, which are set on or near the work W as the region where the material nozzle 212 supplies the modeling material M, coincide with (or at least partially overlap). As described above, the material nozzle 212 and the irradiation optical system 211 are aligned.
  • the material nozzle 212 and the irradiation optical system 211 are aligned so that the material nozzle 212 supplies the modeling material M to the molten pool MP (described later) formed by the processing light EL emitted from the irradiation optical system 211. It may have been.
  • the material nozzle 212 does not have to supply the material to the molten pool MP.
  • the modeling material M from the material nozzle 212 may be melted by the irradiation optical system 211 before reaching the work W, and the melted modeling material M may be attached to the work W. ..
  • the head drive system 22 moves the processing head 21. Therefore, the head drive system 22 may be referred to as a mobile device.
  • the head drive system 22 moves the machining head 21 along at least one of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis, the ⁇ X direction, the ⁇ Y direction, and the ⁇ Z direction, for example.
  • the head drive system 22 moves the machining head 21 along each of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis.
  • the head drive system 22 may include a head drive system 22X, a head drive system 22Y, and a head drive system 22Z.
  • the head drive system 22X moves the processing head 21 along the X axis.
  • the head drive system 22Y moves the processing head 21 along the Y axis.
  • the head drive system 22Z moves the processing head 21 along the Z axis.
  • the head drive system 22Y is connected to a support frame 224 installed on the bottom surface of the housing 8 (or a surface plate arranged on the bottom surface of the housing 8) via a vibration isolator such as an air spring, and is connected to the Y axis.
  • a Y guide member 221Y extending along the Y guide member 221Y, a Y slide member 222Y movable along the Y guide member 221Y, and a motor (not shown) for moving the Y slide member 222Y are provided.
  • the head drive system 22Y does not move the X guide member 221X which is connected to the Y slide member 222Y and extends along the X axis, the X slide member 222X which can move along the X guide member 221X, and the X slide member 222X. It includes the motor shown in the figure.
  • the head drive system 22Z does not move the Z guide member 221Z which is connected to the X slide member 222X and extends along the Z axis, the Z slide member 222Z which can move along the Z guide member 221Z, and the Z slide member 222Z. It includes the motor shown in the figure.
  • a processing head 21 is connected to the Z slide member 222Z.
  • the head drive system 22 moves the machining head 21, the relative positions of the machining head 21 and the work W mounted on the stage 31 and the stage 31 change. That is, the relative positions of the irradiation optical system 211 and the material nozzle 212 (supply outlet 214) and the stage 31 and the work W are changed. Therefore, the head drive system 22 functions as a position changing device for changing the relative positional relationship between each of the irradiation optical system 211 and the material nozzle 212 (supply outlet 214) and each of the stage 31 and the work W. You may.
  • the head drive system 22 may function as a moving device that moves the target irradiation region EA and the target supply region MA (furthermore, the molten pool MP) relative to the work W.
  • the stage unit 3 includes a stage 31, a stage drive system 32, and a position measuring instrument 33.
  • the stage 31 may be referred to as a table.
  • Stage 31 can support work W.
  • the state in which the work W supports the work W may mean a state in which the work W is directly or indirectly supported by the stage 31.
  • the stage 31 may be able to hold the work W placed on the stage 31. That is, the stage 31 may support the work W by holding the work W. Therefore, the stage 31 may function as a holding portion for holding the work W. Alternatively, the stage 31 does not have to be able to hold the work W. At this time, the work W may be mounted on the stage 31 without being clamped. Further, the stage 31 can release the held work W when the work W is held.
  • the irradiation optical system 211 described above irradiates the processing light EL at least a part of the period during which the stage 31 supports the work W.
  • the material nozzle 212 described above supplies the modeling material M during at least a part of the period in which the stage 31 supports the work W.
  • the stage 31 may be provided with a mechanical chuck, a vacuum suction chuck, or the like in order to hold the work W.
  • the stage 31 includes a stage 31 ⁇ X and a stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the reason why the stage 31 includes the stage 31 ⁇ X and the stage 31 ⁇ Z is that the stage 31 is moved along the ⁇ X direction and the ⁇ Z direction by the stage drive system 32 described later, as will be described in detail later.
  • the work W is supported by the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the stage 31 ⁇ X can be moved along the ⁇ X direction by the stage drive system 32 (that is, can be rotated around a rotation axis along the X axis).
  • the stage 31 ⁇ Z is arranged in a recess formed in the stage 31 ⁇ X so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis along the X axis together with the stage 31 ⁇ X in accordance with the rotation of the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • the stage 31 ⁇ Z can be moved along the ⁇ Z direction by the stage drive system 32 regardless of the rotation of the stage 31 ⁇ X (that is, can be rotated around the rotation axis along the Z axis). It is arranged in the recess formed in 31 ⁇ X.
  • the configuration of the stage 31 is not limited to the configurations shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. As an example, the stage 31 ⁇ Z may not be arranged in the recess formed in the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • the stage drive system 32 moves the stage 31. Therefore, the stage drive system 32 may be referred to as a mobile device.
  • the stage drive system 32 moves the stage 31 along at least one of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis, the ⁇ X direction, the ⁇ Y direction, and the ⁇ Z direction, for example.
  • the stage drive system 32 moves the stage 31 along the ⁇ X direction and the ⁇ Z direction, respectively. That is, the stage drive system 32 rotates the stage 31 around the rotation axis along the X axis, and rotates the stage 31 around the rotation axis along the Z axis. Therefore, the stage drive system 32 may be referred to as a rotating device.
  • the stage drive system 32 may include the stage drive system 32 ⁇ X and the stage drive system 32 ⁇ Z.
  • the stage drive system 32 ⁇ X rotates the stage 31 (particularly, the stage 31 ⁇ X) around a rotation axis along the X axis.
  • the stage drive system 32 ⁇ Z rotates the stage 31 (particularly, the stage 31 ⁇ Z) around a rotation axis along the Z axis.
  • the stage drive system 32 ⁇ X can be rotated by a pair of support frames 323 installed on the bottom surface of the housing 8 (or a surface plate arranged on the bottom surface of the housing 8) via a vibration isolator such as an air spring.
  • a pair of rotating shafts 321 ⁇ X to be connected and a motor 322 ⁇ X for rotating the pair of rotating shafts 321 ⁇ X around a rotating axis along the X axis are provided.
  • the pair of rotating shafts 321 ⁇ X extend along the X-axis direction.
  • the pair of rotating shafts 321 ⁇ X are connected to the stage 31 ⁇ X so as to sandwich the stage 31 along the X-axis direction.
  • the stage drive system 32 ⁇ Z extends along the Z-axis direction and is connected to the bottom surface of the stage 31 ⁇ X (specifically, the surface facing the stage 31 ⁇ Z), and the rotary shaft 321 ⁇ Z and the rotary shaft 321 ⁇ Z are rotated along the Z-axis.
  • stage 31 ⁇ Z rotates around an axis.
  • the stage 31 ⁇ X rotates around a rotation axis along the X axis.
  • the stage 31 ⁇ Z supported by the stage 31 ⁇ X also rotates about a rotation axis along the X axis.
  • the stage 31 ⁇ Z also rotates around a rotation axis along the Z axis.
  • the stage 31 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 has a double-sided structure in which the stage 31 ⁇ X is supported from both sides by the support frame 323.
  • the stage 31 may have a cantilever structure in which the stage 31 ⁇ X is supported from one side by the support frame 323.
  • the stage drive system 32 moves the stage 31, the relative positions of the processing head 21 and the work W mounted on the stage 31 and the stage 31 change. That is, the relative positions of the irradiation optical system 211 and the material nozzle 212 (supply outlet 214) and the stage 31 and the work W are changed. Therefore, the stage drive system 32 functions as a position changing device for changing the relative positional relationship between each of the irradiation optical system 211 and the material nozzle 212 (supply outlet 214) and each of the stage 31 and the work W. You may. Further, when the relative positions of the processing head 21, the stage 31, and the work W are changed, the target irradiation region EA and the target supply region MA (furthermore, the molten pool MP) move relative to the work W. Therefore, the stage drive system 32 may function as a moving device that moves the target irradiation region EA and the target supply region MA (furthermore, the molten pool MP) relative to the work W.
  • the position measuring instrument 33 can measure the position of the stage 31 (in other words, it can detect it).
  • the position measuring instrument 33 may be capable of measuring the position of the stage 31 in the rotation direction.
  • the position measuring instrument 33 may include an angle detecting device (angle detecting unit) capable of measuring the rotation angle of the stage 31.
  • the position measuring instrument 33 includes the rotation angle of the stage 31 (particularly, stage 31 ⁇ X) around the rotation axis along the X axis and the stage 31 (particularly, stage 31 ⁇ Z) around the rotation axis along the Z axis. ) May be measurable.
  • An encoder is mentioned as an example of such a position measuring instrument 33.
  • the position measuring instrument 33 may be incorporated in the stage drive system 32.
  • the measuring device 4 is a device capable of measuring at least a part of the object to be measured.
  • the measuring device 4 may be capable of measuring at least a part of the shape of the object to be measured.
  • the measuring device 4 may be capable of measuring the position of at least a part of the object to be measured.
  • An example of such a measuring device is a three-dimensional measuring device (in other words, a 3D scanner) that measures a measurement object in three dimensions.
  • the measuring device 4 uses a pattern projection method or a light cutting method in which the surface of the object to be measured is irradiated with the measurement light ML to project an optical pattern on the surface and the shape of the projected pattern is measured. ,
  • the object to be measured may be measured.
  • the measuring device 4 projects the measurement light ML on the surface of the object to be measured, measures the distance from the time until the projected measurement light ML returns to the object, and measures this at a plurality of positions on the object.
  • the object to be measured may be measured by using the time-of-flight method performed in.
  • the measuring device 4 may use a moire topography method (specifically, a lattice irradiation method or a lattice projection method), a holographic interferometry, an autocollimation method, a stereo method, an astigmatism method, a critical angle method, and a knife edge method.
  • the object to be measured may be measured using at least one of them.
  • a work W) integrated with the three-dimensional structure ST, and at least one of the stages 31 can be mentioned.
  • the measuring device 4 may be fixed to the support frame 224, for example.
  • the stage drive system 32 rotates the stage 31
  • the relative positional relationship between the measuring device 4 and the stage 31 and the work W supported by the stage 31 changes.
  • the stage drive system 32 rotates the stage 31, the stage 31 and the stage 31 with respect to the measurement axis of the measurement device 4 (for example, the optical axis of the optical system provided by the measurement device 4 for emitting the measurement light ML).
  • the angle of the rotation axis of the work W supported by that is, the rotation axis of the stage drive system 32) changes.
  • the stage drive system 32 may function as an angle changing device that changes the angle of the rotation axis of the stage drive system 32 with respect to the measurement axis of the measuring device 4.
  • the measuring device 4 may be movable.
  • the measuring device 4 may be movable along at least one of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis, the ⁇ X direction, the ⁇ Y direction, and the ⁇ Z direction.
  • the measuring device 4 may be rotatable around at least one of a rotation axis along the X-axis, a rotation axis along the Y-axis, and a rotation axis along the Z-axis.
  • the measuring device 4 may be fixed to the housing 8.
  • the light source 5 emits, for example, at least one of infrared light, visible light, and ultraviolet light as processed light EL.
  • the processed light EL may include a plurality of pulsed lights (that is, a plurality of pulse beams).
  • the processing light EL may be laser light.
  • the light source 5 may include a semiconductor laser such as a laser light source (for example, a laser diode (LD)).
  • the laser light source includes a fiber laser, a CO 2 laser, a YAG laser, an excimer laser, or the like.
  • the processing light EL does not have to be a laser light.
  • the light source 5 may include an arbitrary light source (for example, at least one such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) and a discharge lamp). good.
  • the gas supply source 6 is a supply source of purge gas for purging the internal space of the housing 8.
  • the purge gas contains an inert gas.
  • the inert gas nitrogen gas or argon gas can be mentioned.
  • the gas supply source 6 supplies purge gas to the internal space of the housing 8 via a supply pipe 61 that connects the gas supply source 6 and the housing 8. As a result, the internal space of the housing 8 becomes a space purged by the purge gas.
  • the gas supply source 6 may be a cylinder in which an inert gas such as nitrogen gas or argon gas is stored.
  • the inert gas is nitrogen gas
  • the gas supply source 6 may be a nitrogen gas generator that generates nitrogen gas from the atmosphere as a raw material.
  • the gas supply source 6 may supply the purge gas to the mixing device 12 to which the modeling material M from the material supply source 1 is supplied. good.
  • the gas supply source 6 may be connected to the mixing device 12 via a supply pipe 62 connecting the gas supply source 6 and the mixing device 12.
  • the gas supply source 6 supplies the purge gas to the mixing device 12 via the supply pipe 62.
  • the modeling material M from the material supply source 1 is supplied toward the material nozzle 212 through the supply pipe 11 by the purge gas supplied from the gas supply source 6 via the supply pipe 62 (specifically,). , Pumped).
  • the gas supply source 6 may be connected to the material nozzle 212 via the supply pipe 62, the mixing device 12, and the supply pipe 11.
  • the material nozzle 212 supplies the modeling material M together with the purge gas for pumping the modeling material M from the supply outlet 214.
  • the control device 7 controls the operation of the processing system SYS.
  • the control device 7 may include, for example, an arithmetic unit and a storage device.
  • the arithmetic unit may include, for example, at least one of a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit).
  • the storage device may include, for example, a memory.
  • the control device 7 functions as a device that controls the operation of the processing system SYS by executing a computer program by the arithmetic unit.
  • This computer program is a computer program for causing the arithmetic unit to perform (that is, execute) the operation described later to be performed by the control device 7. That is, this computer program is a computer program for making the control device 7 function so that the processing system SYS performs the operation described later.
  • the computer program executed by the arithmetic unit may be recorded in a storage device (that is, a recording medium) included in the control device 7, or any storage built in the control device 7 or externally attached to the control device 7. It may be recorded on a medium (for example, a hard disk or a semiconductor memory). Alternatively, the arithmetic unit may download the computer program to be executed from an external device of the control device 7 via the network interface.
  • a storage device that is, a recording medium included in the control device 7, or any storage built in the control device 7 or externally attached to the control device 7. It may be recorded on a medium (for example, a hard disk or a semiconductor memory).
  • the arithmetic unit may download the computer program to be executed from an external device of the control device 7 via the network interface.
  • the control device 7 may control the emission mode of the processed light EL by the irradiation optical system 211.
  • the injection mode may include, for example, at least one of the intensity of the processing light EL and the injection timing of the processing light EL.
  • the emission mode is, for example, the emission time of the pulsed light, the emission period of the pulsed light, and the ratio of the emission time of the pulsed light to the emission period of the pulsed light. It may contain at least one (so-called duty ratio).
  • the control device 7 may control the movement mode of the processing head 21 by the head drive system 22.
  • the control device 7 may control the movement mode of the stage 31 by the stage drive system 32.
  • the movement mode may include, for example, at least one of a movement amount, a movement speed, a movement direction, and a movement timing (movement timing). Further, the control device 7 may control the supply mode of the modeling material M by the material nozzle 212.
  • the supply mode may include, for example, at least one of a supply amount (particularly, a supply amount per unit time) and a supply timing (supply timing).
  • the control device 7 does not have to be provided inside the processing system SYS.
  • the control device 7 may be provided as a server or the like outside the processing system SYS.
  • the control device 7 and the processing system SYSA may be connected by a wired and / or wireless network (or a data bus and / or a communication line).
  • a wired network for example, a network using a serial bus type interface represented by at least one of IEEE1394, RS-232x, RS-422, RS-423, RS-485 and USB may be used.
  • a network using a parallel bus interface may be used.
  • a network using an Ethernet (registered trademark) compliant interface represented by at least one of 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX and 1000BASE-T may be used.
  • a network using radio waves may be used.
  • An example of a network using radio waves is a network conforming to IEEE802.1x (for example, at least one of wireless LAN and Bluetooth®).
  • a network using infrared rays may be used.
  • a network using optical communication may be used.
  • the control device 7 and the processing system SYSA may be configured so that various types of information can be transmitted and received via the network.
  • control device 7 may be able to transmit information such as commands and control parameters to the processing system SYSA via the network.
  • the processing system SYSa may include a receiving device that receives information such as commands and control parameters from the control device 7 via the network. Even if the processing system SYSa is provided with a transmission device (that is, an output device that outputs information to the control device 7) that transmits information such as commands and control parameters to the control device 7 via the network. good.
  • a transmission device that is, an output device that outputs information to the control device
  • the second control device that performs the other part of the processing performed by the control device 7 is provided.
  • the control device may be provided outside the processing system SYS.
  • the recording medium for recording the computer program executed by the control device 7 includes a CD-ROM, a CD-R, a CD-RW, a flexible disk, an MO, a DVD-ROM, a DVD-RAM, a DVD-R, a DVD + R, and a DVD.
  • -Used by at least one of optical disks such as RW, DVD + RW and Blu-ray (registered trademark), magnetic media such as magnetic tape, magneto-optical disks, semiconductor memories such as USB memory, and other media capable of storing programs. May be done.
  • the recording medium may include a device capable of recording a computer program (for example, a general-purpose device or a dedicated device in which the computer program is implemented in a state in which it can be executed in at least one form such as software and firmware).
  • each process or function included in the computer program may be realized by a logical processing block realized in the control device 7 by the control device 7 (that is, a computer) executing the computer program. It may be realized by hardware such as a predetermined gate array (FPGA, ASIC) included in the control device 7, or a logical processing block and a partial hardware module that realizes a part of the hardware are mixed. It may be realized in the form of.
  • the machining system SYSa performs an additional machining operation for forming the three-dimensional structure ST on the work W. Further, the machining system SYSa is used when the head drive system 22 moves the machining head 21 before the additional machining operation is performed (or while the additional machining operation is being performed or after the additional machining operation is completed). A coordinate matching operation is performed to associate the processed coordinate system with the stage coordinate system used by the stage drive system 32 to move the stage 31.
  • the machining system SYSa is a stage that functions as a rotating shaft (that is, a rotating device) of the stage 31 before the additional machining operation is performed (or during the additional machining operation or after the additional machining operation is completed).
  • the eccentricity amount acquisition operation for acquiring the deviation amount (typically, the eccentricity amount ⁇ ) between the rotation axis of the drive system 32 and the ideal rotation axis of the work W supported by the stage 31 is performed. Therefore, in the following, the addition processing operation, the coordinate matching operation, and the eccentricity acquisition operation will be described in order.
  • the processing system SYSa forms the three-dimensional structure ST by the laser overlay welding method. Therefore, the processing system SYSA may form the three-dimensional structure ST by performing an existing additional processing operation (in this case, a modeling operation) based on the laser overlay welding method.
  • an existing additional processing operation in this case, a modeling operation
  • an additional processing operation for forming the three-dimensional structure ST by using the laser overlay welding method will be briefly described.
  • the processing system SYSa forms the three-dimensional structure ST on the work W based on the three-dimensional model data (for example, CAD (Computer Aided Design) data) of the three-dimensional structure ST to be formed.
  • the three-dimensional model data for example, CAD (Computer Aided Design) data
  • the processing system SYSa sequentially forms, for example, a plurality of layered partial structures (hereinafter, referred to as “structural layers”) SLs arranged along the Z-axis direction.
  • the processing system SYSa sequentially forms a plurality of structural layers SL obtained by cutting the three-dimensional structure ST into round slices along the Z-axis direction.
  • a three-dimensional structure ST which is a laminated structure in which a plurality of structural layers SL are laminated, is formed.
  • the flow of the operation of forming the three-dimensional structure ST by sequentially forming the plurality of structural layers SL one by one will be described.
  • each structural layer SL will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (e).
  • the processing head is set so that the target irradiation region EA is set in a desired region on the modeling surface MS corresponding to the surface of the work W or the surface of the formed structural layer SL under the control of the control device 7. At least one of 21 and stage 31 is moved.
  • the processing system SYSa uses the results of the coordinate matching operation and the eccentricity acquisition operation when moving at least one of the processing head 21 and the stage 31.
  • the machining system SYSa sets at least one of the machining head 21 and the stage 31 so that the target irradiation region EA is set in the desired region on the modeling surface MS based on the results of the coordinate matching operation and the eccentricity acquisition operation. Move. After that, the processing system SYSa irradiates the target irradiation region EA with the processing light EL from the irradiation optical system 211. At this time, the focus position (that is, the condensing position) of the processed light EL may coincide with the modeling surface MS. As a result, as shown in FIG.
  • a molten pool (that is, a pool of metal melted by the processing light EL) MP is formed on the modeling surface MS irradiated with the processing light EL. Further, the processing system SYSa supplies the modeling material M from the material nozzle 212 under the control of the control device 7.
  • the target supply region MA to which the modeling material M is supplied coincides with the target irradiation region EA as described above, the target supply region MA includes at least a part of the region where the molten pool MP is formed. .. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, the processing system SYSa supplies the modeling material M to the molten pool MP from the material nozzle 212. As a result, the modeling material M supplied to the molten pool MP is melted.
  • the molding material M melted in the molten pool MP is cooled and solidified (that is, solidified).
  • the solidified modeling material M is deposited on the modeling surface MS. That is, a modeled object is formed by the deposit of the solidified modeling material M.
  • the processing system SYSa forms a molten pool MP by irradiating such a processing light EL, supplies the molding material M to the molten pool MP, melts the supplied modeling material M, and A series of modeling processes including solidification of the molten modeling material M is performed while changing the relative positional relationship between the processing head 21 and the work W (that is, the relative positional relationship between the processing head 21 and the modeling surface MS). repeat.
  • a series of modeling processes are repeated while rotating a cylindrical work W whose longitudinal direction is the X-axis direction around a rotation axis along the X-axis.
  • the processing system SYSa irradiates the region on the modeling surface MS where the modeled object is desired to be formed with the processing light EL, while does not irradiate the region on the modeling surface MS where the modeled object is not desired to be formed. That is, the processing system SYSA moves the target irradiation region EA along the predetermined movement locus on the modeling surface MS, and creates the processing light EL at the timing according to the distribution mode of the region where the modeled object is to be formed. Irradiate to. As a result, the molten pool MP also moves on the modeling surface MS along the movement locus according to the movement locus of the target irradiation region EA.
  • the molten pool MP is sequentially formed on the modeling surface MS in the portion of the region along the movement locus of the target irradiation region EA that is irradiated with the processing light EL. Further, since the target irradiation region EA and the target supply region MA coincide with each other as described above, the target supply region MA also moves on the modeling surface MS along the movement locus according to the movement locus of the target irradiation region EA. Will move. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4 (e), a structural layer SL corresponding to an aggregate of the modeled objects made of the modeling material M solidified after melting is formed on the modeling surface MS.
  • the structural layer SL corresponding to the aggregate of the shaped objects formed on the modeling surface MS in the pattern corresponding to the moving locus of the molten pool MP (that is, the shape corresponding to the moving locus of the molten pool MP in a plan view).
  • the structural layer SL) to have is formed.
  • the processing system SYSA irradiates the target irradiation region EA with the processing light EL and stops the supply of the modeling material M. good.
  • the processing system SYSa supplies the modeling material M to the target irradiation region EA, and at the same time, the processing light having an intensity that does not allow the molten pool MP to be formed.
  • the EL may be applied to the target irradiation area EA.
  • the processing system SYSa repeatedly performs the operation for forming such a structural layer SL under the control of the control device 7 based on the three-dimensional model data. Specifically, first, the control device 7 creates slice data by slicing the three-dimensional model data at a stacking pitch. Note that data obtained by partially modifying this slice data may be used according to the characteristics of the processing system SYS.
  • the processing system SYSa performs the operation for forming the first structural layer SL # 1 on the modeling surface MS corresponding to the surface of the work W with the three-dimensional model data corresponding to the structural layer SL # 1 (that is, the structure). It is performed based on the slice data corresponding to the layer SL # 1.
  • the structural layer SL # 1 is formed on the modeling surface MS as shown in FIG. 5A.
  • the processing system SYSa sets the surface (that is, the upper surface) of the structural layer SL # 1 on the new modeling surface MS, and then forms the second structural layer SL # 2 on the new modeling surface MS. do.
  • the control device 7 processes the target irradiation region EA and the target supply region MA so that they are set on the surface of the structural layer SL # 1 (that is, a new molding surface MS). At least one of the head 21 and the stage 31 is moved. As a result, the focus position of the processing light EL coincides with the new modeling surface MS.
  • the processing system SYSa operates on the structural layer SL # 1 based on the slice data corresponding to the structural layer SL # 2 in the same operation as the operation of forming the structural layer SL # 1 under the control of the control device 7.
  • the structural layer SL # 2 is formed on the surface.
  • the structural layer SL # 2 is formed as shown in FIG. 5 (b).
  • the same operation is repeated until all the structural layers SL constituting the three-dimensional structure ST to be formed on the work W are formed.
  • the three-dimensional structure ST is formed by the laminated structure in which a plurality of structural layers SL are laminated.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the flow of the coordinate matching operation.
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 (step S11).
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 so that the positional relationship between the calibration plate 34 and the stage 31 is a desired positional relationship.
  • both the calibration plate 34 and the stage 31 are placed in order to place the calibration plate 34 on the stage 31 so that the positional relationship between the calibration plate 34 and the stage 31 is a desired positional relationship.
  • a mark for alignment is formed at.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the stage 31 on which the alignment mark is formed.
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII'of the stage 31 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the calibration plate 34 on which the alignment mark is formed.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX'of the calibration plate 34 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the calibration plate 34 mounted on the stage 31.
  • a plurality of pins 319 are formed on the stage 31 as markers for alignment.
  • two pins 319 are formed on the upper surface of the stage 31 ⁇ X constituting the stage 31 (particularly, the upper surface located higher than or at the same height as the upper surface of the stage 31 ⁇ Z).
  • the formation position and number of pins 319 are not limited to the examples shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the pin 319 is a member that protrudes from the upper surface of the stage 31 (in the example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 the upper surface of the stage 31 ⁇ X) along the Z-axis direction. The information regarding the position of the pin 319 in the stage coordinate system is known to the control device 7.
  • the calibration plate 34 includes a base member 341.
  • the base member 341 is a plate-shaped member.
  • the base member 341 has a shape and size that can be mounted on the stage 31.
  • a plurality of through holes 342 are formed in the base member 341 as a mark for alignment. In the example shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, two through holes 342 are formed in the base member 341.
  • the through hole 342 penetrates the base member 341 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 so that the pin 319 is inserted into the through hole 342.
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 (that is, on the stage 31 ⁇ X and the stage 31 ⁇ Z) with the pin 319 inserted in the through hole 322.
  • the stage 31 supports (eg, holds) the calibration plate 34 with the pin 319 inserted into the through hole 322. Therefore, the arrangement mode of the through hole 342 is the same as the arrangement mode of the pin 319. Further, the number of through holes 342 is the same as (or may be large) the number of pins 319.
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 so as to have a desired positional relationship with respect to the stage 31.
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 so as to have a desired positional relationship with respect to the pin 319 on the stage 31.
  • the position where the pin 319 is formed may be used as a reference position on the stage 31 when the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31.
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 in a state of being aligned so as to have a desired positional relationship with respect to the reference position on the stage 31.
  • a calibration pattern CP that can be measured by the measuring device 4 is formed on the calibration plate 34.
  • the calibration pattern CP is a measurement pattern composed of a plurality of calibration marker CMs arranged in a matrix.
  • the formation position of the calibration pattern CP on the calibration plate 34 (in the example shown in FIG. 9, the formation position of the plurality of calibration marker CMs) is information known to the control device 7.
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 so as to have a desired positional relationship with respect to the pins 319 arranged at known positions in the stage coordinate system, the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 so as to have a desired positional relationship.
  • the formation position of the calibration pattern CP is also known information for the control device 7.
  • the calibration plate 34 is formed with a heat-sensitive film 343 having heat sensitivity (that is, sensitivity) to the processed light EL.
  • a photosensitive film having photosensitivity (that is, sensitivity) to the processed light EL may be formed on the calibration plate 34.
  • the thermal film 343 is formed on the calibration plate 34 so as to cover the calibration pattern CP.
  • the thermal film 343 is transparent to the measurement light ML (for example, visible light) used by the measurement device 4. Therefore, the measuring device 4 can measure the calibration pattern CP covered with the thermal film 343.
  • the control device 7 irradiates at least a part of the calibration plate 34 with the processing light EL so that the processing unit 2 and the stage unit are irradiated with the processing light EL. Irradiate 3 (step S12). Specifically, the control device 7 is relative to the processing head 21 and the stage 31 so that the target irradiation region EA moves in a predetermined movement pattern on at least a part of the heat-sensitive film 343 of the calibration plate 34. Change the positional relationship. Specifically, the control device 7 moves the processing head 21 over at least a part of the heat-sensitive film 343 of the calibration plate 34 so that the target irradiation region EA moves along a predetermined movement locus.
  • the control device 7 does not have to move the stage 31. Further, the control device 7 irradiates the processing light EL on the target irradiation region EA that moves along at least a part of the heat sensitive film 343 along a predetermined movement locus.
  • FIG. 12 which is a plan view showing the calibration plate 34 irradiated with the processing light EL
  • at least a part of the heat-sensitive film 343 has a heat-sensitive pattern PP corresponding to the movement locus of the target irradiation region EA. Is formed.
  • the target irradiation region EA moves between the plurality of calibration marker CMs along a grid-like movement locus including a movement locus extending along each of the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. There is.
  • the measuring device 4 measures at least a part of the calibration plate 34 (step S13). Specifically, the measuring device 4 measures the heat-sensitive pattern PP formed on the heat-sensitive film 343 of the calibration plate 34. That is, the measuring device 4 measures the portion of the heat-sensitive film 343 that is heat-sensitive to the processed light EL. Further, since the thermal film 343 is transparent to the measurement light ML, the measuring device 4 measures the calibration pattern CP together with the thermal pattern PP. Therefore, the measurement result of the measuring device 4 in step S13 includes information on the measurement result of the thermal pattern PP and information on the measurement result of the calibration pattern CP.
  • the control device 7 associates the machined coordinate system with the stage coordinate system based on the measurement result of the measuring device 4 in step S13 (step S14). Specifically, the control device 7 calculates the position of the thermal pattern PP and the position of the calibration pattern CP based on the measurement result of the measuring device 4.
  • the calibration plate 34 on which the calibration pattern CP is formed has a predetermined positional relationship with the stage ⁇ Z of the stage 31, and the formation position of the calibration pattern CP is known to the control device 7. Information. Therefore, the calculated position of the calibration pattern CP substantially corresponds to the position of the calibration pattern CP in the stage coordinate system.
  • the control device 7 can calculate the position of the heat-sensitive pattern PP in the stage coordinate system by comparing the position of the calibration pattern CP in the stage coordinate system with the position of the heat-sensitive pattern PP. .. Further, since the heat-sensitive pattern PP is formed by the processing light EL from the processing head 21, the position of the heat-sensitive pattern PP indirectly indicates the position of the processing head 21. That is, the position of the thermal pattern PP indirectly indicates the position of the processing head 21 in the processing coordinate system. Therefore, the control device 7 associates the position of the machining head 21 in the machining coordinate system with the position of the calibration pattern CP in the stage coordinate system based on the position of the heat sensitive pattern PP and the position of the calibration pattern CP. Can be done. As a result, the control device 7 can associate the machined coordinate system with the stage coordinate system. The position of the thermal pattern PP and the position of the calibration pattern CP may be measured by a measuring device (for example, an external measuring device) different from the measuring device 4.
  • a measuring device for example,
  • the deviation of the processed coordinate system with respect to the stage coordinate system corresponds to the deviation between the ideal (that is, design) position of the thermal pattern PP and the actually measured position of the thermal pattern PP.
  • Such a deviation of the processed coordinate system with respect to the stage coordinate system may include, for example, a deviation between the origin of the stage coordinate system and the origin of the processed coordinate system.
  • the deviation of the machining coordinate system with respect to the stage coordinate system is, for example, a deviation of the machining coordinate system from the running surface of the machining head 21 (for example, the machining head 21 along the X axis) with respect to an axis constituting the stage coordinate system (for example, the rotation axis of the stage 31 described above). It may include a deviation of the running surface when moving and at least one of the running surfaces when the processing head 21 moves along the Y axis). In this case, the control device 7 may calculate a movement correction value for moving the processing head 21 so as to cancel (in other words, correct) such a deviation.
  • the control device 7 sets a movement correction value for correcting the movement direction when moving the machining head 21 along the X-axis direction and a movement amount when moving the machining head 21 along the X-axis direction.
  • At least one of the movement correction value for correcting the amount may be calculated.
  • the control device 7 may move the machining head 21 by using the movement correction value calculated by the coordinate matching operation.
  • the control device 7 may move the processing head 21 based on the measurement result of the calibration plate 34 in the coordinate matching operation. As a result, even if the processing coordinate system deviates from the stage coordinate system, the control device 7 can move the processing head 21 in the same manner as when the processing coordinate system does not deviate from the stage coordinate system. .. That is, as a result, even if the machining coordinate system deviates from the stage coordinate system, the control device 7 can move the machining head 21 so that the machining light EL is irradiated to a desired position of the work W. can.
  • the control device 7 sets a certain coordinate position of either the machining coordinate system or the stage coordinate system to the coordinates of either the machining coordinate system or the stage coordinate system. It can be converted to a position. Therefore, the operation of "associating the processed coordinate system with the stage coordinate system" is substantially the operation of setting a certain coordinate position of either the processed coordinate system or the stage coordinate system to the other of the processed coordinate system and the stage coordinate system. It may be regarded as equivalent to the operation of calculating the information (for example, the conversion matrix) used for converting to the coordinate position of.
  • the calibration plate 34 is attached to the stage 31 ⁇ X, but it may be attached to the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • FIG. 13 shows the work W supported by the stage 31 so that the eccentric amount ⁇ , which is the amount of deviation between the rotation axis of the stage 31 and the ideal rotation axis of the work W, becomes zero.
  • the illustration of the holding metal fitting for fixing the work W to the stage 31 is omitted.
  • the eccentricity ⁇ is the rotation axis of the stage 31 ⁇ Z (hereinafter referred to as “rotation axis ⁇ Z”) and the ideal rotation axis of the work W (hereinafter referred to as “rotation axis ⁇ Z”).
  • Rotation axis ⁇ Z the rotation axis of the stage 31 ⁇ Z
  • rotation axis ⁇ Z the ideal rotation axis of the work W
  • the eccentric amount ⁇ means the amount of deviation between the rotation axis ⁇ Z and the rotation axis ⁇ W in the direction intersecting the rotation axis ⁇ Z.
  • the rotation axis ⁇ W may typically be an axis that passes through the center of mass (that is, the center of gravity) of the work W.
  • the rotation axis ⁇ W of the cylindrical work W extending in the direction along the rotation axis ⁇ Z is the axis passing through the center of the cylinder.
  • the eccentricity ⁇ may mean the amount of deviation between the rotation axis ⁇ Z and the center of mass of the work W.
  • FIG. 14A shows the work W supported by the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotating around the rotation axis ⁇ Z parallel to the Z axis and the machining head 21 in a state where the eccentric amount ⁇ is zero. Shows the relative positional relationship.
  • FIG. 14B shows the relative work W supported by the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotating around the rotation axis ⁇ Z inclined with respect to the Z axis in a state where the eccentricity ⁇ becomes zero, and the machining head 21. Shows the positional relationship.
  • FIG. 14B shows the relative work W supported by the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotating around the rotation axis ⁇ Z inclined with respect to the Z axis in a state where the eccentricity ⁇ becomes zero, and the machining head 21. Shows the positional relationship.
  • FIGS. 14 (a) to 14 (c) show the relative work W supported by the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotating around the rotation axis ⁇ Z orthogonal to the Z axis in a state where the eccentricity ⁇ is zero, and the machining head 21. Shows the positional relationship.
  • the state of the rotation axis ⁇ Z with respect to the Z axis can be changed by the rotation of the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • FIGS. 14 (a) to 14 (c) when the eccentric amount ⁇ becomes zero, the rotation axis ⁇ Z and the rotation axis ⁇ W overlap (that is, coincide with each other). Therefore, when the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotates around the rotation axis ⁇ Z, the work W rotates around the rotation axis ⁇ W. As a result, the relative positional relationship between the machining head 21 and the work W does not change.
  • FIG. 15 shows the work W supported by the stage 31 so that the eccentricity ⁇ does not become zero.
  • the eccentricity ⁇ does not become zero
  • the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotates around the rotation axis ⁇ Z
  • the relative positional relationship between the machining head 21 and the work W fluctuates even though the machining head 21 is stationary.
  • the relative positional relationship between the processed coordinate system and the work W may fluctuate.
  • FIGS. 16A and 16B show a work W supported by a stage 31 ⁇ Z rotating around a rotation axis ⁇ Z parallel to the Z axis in a state where the eccentric amount ⁇ is not zero.
  • the relative positional relationship between the machine and the processing head 21 is shown.
  • the eccentric amount ⁇ does not become zero
  • the rotation axis ⁇ Z and the rotation axis ⁇ W do not overlap (that is, they do not match). Therefore, when the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotates around the rotation axis ⁇ Z, the work W rotates around a rotation axis ⁇ Z different from the rotation axis ⁇ W.
  • the work W has a rotation angle of the stage 31 ⁇ Z around the rotation axis ⁇ Z in a direction corresponding to the rotation angle of the stage 31 ⁇ Z around the rotation axis ⁇ Z with respect to the processing head 21 (relative to the processing coordinate system). Displace by the amount of displacement according to.
  • the work W has a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis ⁇ Z with respect to the machining head 21 (with respect to the machining coordinate system) (in the examples shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, the XY plane. ) Displace.
  • 17 (a) and 17 (b) show the work W and the machining head supported by the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotating around the rotation axis ⁇ Z inclined with respect to the Z axis in a state where the eccentric amount ⁇ is not zero.
  • the relative positional relationship with 21 is shown.
  • the work W has a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis ⁇ Z with respect to the machining head 21 (with respect to the machining coordinate system) (in the examples shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, the X-axis, Displace within the plane that intersects the Y and Z axes).
  • FIGS. 18 (a) and 18 (b) show the work W and the machining head 21 supported by the stage 31 ⁇ Z rotating around the rotation axis ⁇ Z orthogonal to the Z axis in a state where the eccentric amount ⁇ is not zero. Shows the relative positional relationship of.
  • the work W has a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis ⁇ Z with respect to the machining head 21 (with respect to the machining coordinate system) (XZ plane in the examples shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B). Displace within.
  • the displacement of the work W with respect to the machining head 21 (that is, the change in the relative positional relationship between the machining head 21 and the work W) due to the rotation of the stage 31 ⁇ Z is the irradiation position of the machining light EL on the work W. It may lead to unintended fluctuations. As a result, the processing head 21 may not be able to irradiate the processing light EL at a desired position on the work W. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the processing system SYSa acquires the eccentric amount ⁇ by the eccentric amount acquisition operation and performs the additional processing operation (that is, during the processing of the work W and during the irradiation of the processing light EL). , The work W is processed based on the acquired eccentricity ⁇ .
  • the machining system SYSa rotates the stage 31 (for example, at least one of the stages 31 ⁇ X and 31 ⁇ Z) and moves the machining head 21 based on the acquired eccentricity ⁇ . That is, the machining system SYSa moves the machining head 21 in parallel with the rotation of the stage 31 based on the acquired eccentricity ⁇ .
  • the machining system SYSa rotates the stage 31 based on the eccentricity ⁇ and reduces the influence of the displacement of the work W on the machining head 21 due to the rotation of the stage 31 (typically).
  • the machining head 21 is moved based on the eccentricity amount ⁇ so as to cancel each other out (the same applies hereinafter).
  • the work W is displaced with respect to the machining head 21 in a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis ⁇ Z (with respect to the machining coordinate system).
  • the machining system SYSa has an eccentric amount so that the machining light EL is irradiated to a desired position on the work W even when the work W is displaced with respect to the machining head 21 due to the rotation of the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the machining head 21 may be moved in a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis ⁇ Z based on ⁇ . For example, when the work W is displaced with respect to the machining head 21 (with respect to the machining coordinate system) in the XY plane as shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, the machining system SYSa sets the stage.
  • the machining head 21 may be moved in the XY plane so that the machining light EL is irradiated to a desired position of the work W.
  • the machining system SYSa may move the machining head 21 along at least one of the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
  • the work is formed in a surface that intersects the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis (that is, a surface that is inclined with respect to the moving direction of the machining head 21).
  • the machining system SYSa uses the machining light EL at a desired position on the work W even if the work W is displaced with respect to the machining head 21 due to the rotation of the stage 31.
  • the machining head 21 may be moved in a plane intersecting the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis so that the light is irradiated.
  • the machining system SYSa may move the machining head 21 along the Z-axis direction (that is, move it up and down) and move the machining head 21 along at least one of the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. good.
  • the machining system SYSA is staged. Even if the work W is displaced with respect to the machining head 21 due to the rotation of 31, the machining head 21 may be moved in the XZ plane so that the machining light EL is irradiated to a desired position on the work W. .. In this case, the machining system SYSa may move the machining head 21 along the Z-axis direction (that is, it may move up and down).
  • the machining system SYSa moves the machining head 21 to a desired position on the work W even when the work W is displaced with respect to the machining head 21 (with respect to the machining coordinate system) due to the rotation of the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the processing light EL can be applied to the position.
  • the processing system SYSa can irradiate the processing light EL at a desired position on the work W without strictly aligning the work W on the rotating stage 31.
  • the processing system SYSA may use the measurement result of the position measuring instrument 33 for measuring the position of the stage 31 in order to move the processing head 21.
  • the machining system SYSA may calculate the rotation angle of the stage 31 ⁇ Z around the rotation axis ⁇ Z based on the measurement result of the position measuring instrument 33, and move the machining head 21 based on the calculated rotation angle.
  • the machining system SYSa displaces the work W with respect to the machining head 21 as the stage 31 rotates. Even so, the stage 31 may be moved in addition to or in place of the processing head 21 so that the processing light EL is irradiated to a desired position on the work W. That is, the machining system SYSA may move the work W in addition to or in place of the machining head 21 in consideration of the displacement of the work W with respect to the machining head 21 due to the rotation of the stage 31.
  • the processing system SYSa accompanies the rotation of the stage 31.
  • the irradiation position changing optical member may be moved in addition to or in place of the processing head 21.
  • a galvanometer mirror 2111 can be mentioned as an example of the irradiation position changing optical member.
  • the machining system SYSa may move the galvano mirror 2111 in consideration of the displacement of the work W with respect to the machining head 21 accompanying the rotation of the stage 31 (specifically, the movement of the galvano mirror 2111 is controlled). May be).
  • Another example of the irradiation position changing optical member is a polygon mirror.
  • FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing the flow of the eccentricity acquisition operation.
  • the control device 7 calculates the rotation axis of the stage 31 (in the first embodiment, the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 ⁇ Z) using the measurement result of the stage 31 by the measurement device 4 (step S21). ).
  • the specific content of the operation for calculating the rotation axis ⁇ Z will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 21.
  • the control device 7 calculates the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W before and after step S21 by using the measurement result of the work W by the measuring device 4 (step S22).
  • the specific content of the operation for calculating the rotation axis ⁇ W will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 22.
  • the control device 7 calculates the eccentric amount ⁇ based on the rotation axis ⁇ Z calculated in step S21 and the rotation axis ⁇ W calculated in step S22 (step S23).
  • the rotation axis ⁇ Z calculated in step S21 is information unique to the position of the stage 31. Therefore, it can be said that the rotation axis ⁇ Z calculated in step S21 is a specific example of the stage position information regarding the position of the stage 31.
  • the control device 7 may calculate arbitrary stage position information regarding the position of the stage 31 by using the measurement result of the stage 31 by the measuring device 4 in addition to or instead of the rotation axis ⁇ Z. After that, the control device 7 may calculate the eccentricity amount ⁇ based on the stage position information.
  • the rotation axis ⁇ W calculated in step S22 is information unique to the position of the work W. Therefore, it can be said that the rotation axis ⁇ W calculated in step S22 is a specific example of the work position information regarding the position of the work W.
  • the control device 7 may calculate arbitrary work position information regarding the position of the work W by using the measurement result of the work W by the measuring device 4 in addition to or instead of the rotating shaft ⁇ W. After that, the control device 7 may calculate the eccentricity amount ⁇ based on the work position information.
  • the eccentricity ⁇ calculated in step S23 is a specific example of the positional relationship information regarding the positional relationship between the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 ⁇ Z and the work W. That is, it can be said that the eccentricity ⁇ calculated in step S23 is a specific example of the positional relationship information regarding the positional relationship between the stage 31 and the work W.
  • the control device 7 may calculate arbitrary positional relationship information regarding the positional relationship between the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 ⁇ Z and the work W in addition to or in place of the eccentricity amount ⁇ .
  • the machining system SYSa may move the machining head 21 based on arbitrary positional relationship information in consideration of the displacement of the work W with respect to the machining head 21 accompanying the rotation of the stage 31.
  • FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing a flow of operation for calculating the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 ⁇ Z in step S21 of FIG. 20.
  • the control device 7 calculates the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 ⁇ Z using the measurement result of the stage 31 by the measuring device 4.
  • the measuring device 4 replaces the direct measurement of at least a part of the stage 31 with the stage 31. At least a part of the calibration plate 34 placed on the surface is measured. That is, the measuring device 4 indirectly measures at least a part of the stage 31 by measuring at least a part of the calibration plate 34 mounted on the stage 31.
  • the measuring device 4 may directly measure at least a part of the stage 31. For example, as will be described later, when the calibration pattern CP is formed on the stage 31, the measuring device 4 directly covers at least a part of the stage 31 (for example, the portion where the calibration pattern CP is formed). May be measured.
  • the calibration plate 34 is first placed on the stage 31 ⁇ Z of the stage 31 (step S210).
  • the calibration plate 34 is placed on the stage 31 so that the positional relationship between the calibration plate 34 and the stage 31 ⁇ Z of the stage 31 becomes a desired positional relationship, as in the coordinate matching operation. You may.
  • the thermal film 343 may not be formed on the calibration plate 34 placed on the stage 31 in the eccentricity acquisition operation.
  • another calibration plate on which the desired calibration pattern CP is formed may be placed on the stage 31.
  • the control device 7 controls the stage drive system 32 so that the stage 31 is located at the origin position (step S211).
  • the origin position may be a position where the rotation angle measured by the position measuring instrument 33 becomes zero.
  • the measuring device 4 measures at least a part of the calibration plate 34 (step S212). Specifically, the measuring device 4 measures the calibration pattern CP formed on the calibration plate 34.
  • control device 7 determines whether or not to end the measurement of the calibration plate 34 (step S213). For example, the control device 7 may determine that the measurement of the calibration plate 34 is completed when the measuring device 4 measures the calibration plate 34 the first desired number of times. The first desired number of times is preferably at least two times.
  • step S213 If, as a result of the determination in step S213, it is determined that the measurement of the calibration plate 34 is not completed (step S213: No), the control device 7 rotates the stage 31 ⁇ Z about the rotation axis ⁇ Z by the first desired angle. (Step S214).
  • the first desired angle may be any angle less than 360 degrees.
  • the first desired angle may be any angle different from a multiple of 360 degrees.
  • the measuring device 4 measures the calibration plate 34 again (step S211). That is, in the first embodiment, the measuring device 4 measures the calibration plate 34 each time the stage 31 rotates.
  • the measuring device 4 measures the calibration plate 34 a plurality of times from different directions.
  • the measuring device 4 measures the calibration plates 34 having different rotational postures a plurality of times.
  • step S213 if it is determined as a result of the determination in step S213 that the measurement of the calibration plate 34 is completed (step S213: Yes), the control device 7 measures the calibration plate 34 by the measurement device 4 in step S212. Using the result, the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 ⁇ Z is calculated (step S215). Specifically, the control device 7 can calculate the position of the calibration pattern CP based on the measurement result of the calibration plate 34. The position of the calibration pattern CP substantially corresponds to the position of the stage 31 that supports the calibration plate 34. Therefore, it may be considered that the control device 7 indirectly calculates the position of the stage 31 by calculating the position of the calibration pattern CP.
  • the measuring device 4 may be regarded as indirectly measuring the position of the stage 31 by measuring the position of the calibration pattern CP.
  • the control device 7 calculates the position of the calibration pattern CP by the number of times the stage 31 ⁇ Z has rotated. That is, the control device 7 calculates the position of the calibration pattern CP for each rotation angle of the stage 31 ⁇ Z at the time of measurement of the calibration plate 34. After that, the control device 7 fits the position of the calibration pattern CP calculated for each rotation angle of the stage 31 ⁇ Z with a circle. After that, the control device 7 calculates an axis that passes through the center of the circle obtained by fitting and is orthogonal to the circle as the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • control device 7 may calculate the rotation axis of the stage 31 ⁇ X by performing the same operation as that shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing a flow of operation for calculating the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W in step S22 of FIG. 20.
  • the measuring device 4 measures at least a part of the work W (step S222).
  • control device 7 determines whether or not to end the measurement of the work W (step S223). For example, the control device 7 may determine that the measurement of the work W is completed when the measuring device 4 measures the work W a second desired number of times. The second desired number of times is preferably at least two times.
  • step S223: No If, as a result of the determination in step S223, it is determined that the measurement of the work W is not completed (step S223: No), the control device 7 rotates the stage 31 ⁇ Z around the rotation axis ⁇ Z by a second desired angle (step S223: No). S224).
  • the second desired angle may be an angle less than 360 degrees.
  • the second desired angle may be an angle different from a multiple of 360 degrees.
  • the measuring device 4 measures the work W again (step S211). That is, in the first embodiment, the measuring device 4 measures the work W each time the stage 31 rotates.
  • the measuring device 4 measures the work W a plurality of times from different directions.
  • the measuring device 4 measures the work W in different rotational postures a plurality of times.
  • step S223 determines whether the measurement of the work W is completed (step S223: Yes).
  • the control device 7 uses the measurement result of the work W by the measuring device 4 in step S222.
  • the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W is calculated (step S225).
  • the control device 7 provides information on the position and / or shape of a portion of the work W in a certain rotating posture that is included in the measurement range of the measuring device 4 based on the measurement result of the work W in a certain rotating posture. Generate.
  • control device 7 is a point cloud relating to a plurality of points constituting a portion of the surface of the work W in a certain rotating posture that is included in the measurement range of the measuring device 4 based on the measurement result of the work W in a certain rotating posture. Information may be generated.
  • the control device 7 repeats the operation of generating information on the position and / or shape of at least a part of the work W as many times as the number of times the work W is measured. Then, the information regarding the position and / or shape of at least a part of the work W is merged according to the rotational posture of the work W.
  • the control device 7 generates the first point cloud information from the measurement result of the work W in the first rotating posture, and generates the second point cloud information from the measurement result of the work W in the second rotating posture.
  • 1st and 2nd point cloud information may be merged based on the 1st and 2nd rotation postures.
  • the control device 7 controls the measuring device 4 so as to newly measure the portion. Then, the measurement result of the measuring device 4 may be further merged with the merged point cloud information. After that, the control device 7 calculates the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W based on the merged point cloud information. For example, when the 3D model of the work W (for example, design information) can be acquired, the control device 7 fits the 3D model of the work W to the merged point cloud information, and the fitted 3D model is obtained. Based on this, the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W may be calculated.
  • the 3D model of the work W for example, design information
  • the control device 7 when the three-dimensional model of the work W cannot be acquired, the control device 7 generates a surface model (or solid model) of the work W based on the merged point cloud information, and the generated surface model (or surface model) (or the generated surface model). , Solid model), the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W may be calculated.
  • the control device 7 acquires a plurality of measurement results obtained by measuring the calibration plate 34 a plurality of times from different directions in step S21 of FIG. 20, and the plurality of measurement results.
  • the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 is calculated based on the above.
  • the control device 7 acquires a plurality of measurement results obtained by measuring the work W a plurality of times from different directions in step S22 of FIG. 20, and based on the plurality of measurement results, the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W. Is calculated.
  • the control device 7 calculates the eccentricity amount ⁇ based on the calculated rotation axes ⁇ Z and ⁇ W.
  • the control device 7 has the first measurement result of the work W measured from the first direction (that is, the work W in the first rotating posture) and the work W measured from the second direction (that is, the work W).
  • Information on the relationship between the measurement unit that obtains the second measurement result of the work W in the second rotation posture and the eccentricity ⁇ (that is, the relationship between the rotation axis ⁇ Z and the work W) based on the first and second measurement results. ) May be functioning as a measuring device or an arithmetic unit including a relationship acquisition unit.
  • the eccentric amount ⁇ is a translation component excluding the rotational movement component among the movement components for one point of the work W when the stage 31 ⁇ Z is rotated (that is, the work W is rotated) in the eccentric amount acquisition operation.
  • the control device 7 has the first measurement result of the work W measured from the first direction (that is, the work W in the first rotating posture) and the work W measured from the second direction (that is, the work W).
  • the stage 31 ⁇ Z was rotated in the eccentricity acquisition operation based on the measurement unit that obtains the second measurement result of the work W in the second rotation posture and the first and second measurement results (that is, the work W). It may be regarded as functioning as a measuring device or an arithmetic device including a deviation acquisition unit for obtaining a translational movement component excluding the rotation movement component among the movement components for one point of the work W when the work W is rotated.
  • control device 7 obtains from the point cloud information to the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W, but as described above, the control device 7 obtains arbitrary information regarding the position of the work W from the point cloud information. You may.
  • the processing system SYSA of the first embodiment rotates the stage 31 based on the eccentricity amount ⁇ obtained from the measurement result of the measuring device 4, and the stage 31
  • the machining head 21 can be moved in consideration of the displacement of the work W with respect to the machining head 21 due to the rotation of the machining head 21. Therefore, even when the work W is displaced with respect to the processing head 21 due to the rotation of the stage 31, the processing system SYSa can irradiate the processing light EL at a desired position on the work W. As a result, the processing system SYSa can appropriately process the work W. As an example, the machining system SYSa can machine the work W with a small machining error.
  • the machining system SYS of the second embodiment (hereinafter, the machining system SYS of the second embodiment will be referred to as "machining system SYSb") will be described.
  • the processing system SYSb of the second embodiment as compared with the processing system SYSa of the first embodiment described above, the work W may be subjected to a removal process of irradiating the work W with processing light EL to remove a part of the work W. It differs in that it is good.
  • the processing system SYSb may perform removal processing so that the shape of the work W becomes a desired shape.
  • the processing system SYSb may perform removal processing so as to form a desired structure on the work W.
  • the processing system SYSb may perform removal processing so as to form a desired structure on the surface of the work W.
  • the processing system SYSb may perform removal processing so that the surface of the work W is polished.
  • the processing system SYSb may form a riblet structure on the work W.
  • the riblet structure may be a structure capable of reducing the resistance of the surface of the work W to the fluid (particularly, at least one of frictional resistance and turbulent frictional resistance).
  • the riblet structure may include a structure capable of reducing noise generated when the fluid and the surface of the work W move relative to each other.
  • the riblet structure is, for example, a second direction in which a groove extending along a first direction (for example, the Y-axis direction) along the surface of the work W is along the surface of the work W and intersects in the first direction. It may include a plurality of structures arranged along (for example, in the X-axis direction).
  • the processing system SYSb may form an arbitrary structure having an arbitrary shape on the surface of the work W.
  • an arbitrary structure there is a structure that generates a vortex with respect to the flow of fluid on the surface of the work W.
  • a structure for imparting hydrophobicity to the surface of the work W is a regularly or irregularly formed micro-nanometer-order fine texture structure (typically a concavo-convex structure).
  • Such a fine texture structure may include at least one of a shark skin structure and a dimple structure having a function of reducing resistance due to a fluid (gas and / or liquid).
  • the fine texture structure may include a leaf surface structure of Nelumbo nucifer having at least one of a liquid repellent function and a self-cleaning function (for example, having a lotus effect).
  • the fine texture structure includes a fine protrusion structure having a liquid transport function (see US Patent Publication No. 2017/0044002), a concavo-convex structure having a liquid-forming function, a concavo-convex structure having an antifouling function, a reflectance reducing function and a repellent structure.
  • a moth-eye structure that has at least one of the liquid functions, a concave-convex structure that enhances only light of a specific wavelength by interference to exhibit a structural color, a pillar array structure that has an adhesive function using van der Waals force, a concave-convex structure that has an aerodynamic noise reduction function,
  • at least one of a honeycomb structure having a droplet collecting function and the like may be included.
  • FIGS. 23 and 24 Such a processing system SYSb is shown in FIGS. 23 and 24.
  • FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the processing system SYSb.
  • FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the processing system SYSb.
  • the processing system SYSb is different from the processing system SYSa in that it does not have to include the material supply source 1 and the mixing device 12.
  • the processing system SYSb is different from the processing system SYSa in that the material nozzle 212 does not have to be provided.
  • the processing system SYSb is provided with a processing head 21b not provided with the material nozzle 212 instead of the processing unit 2 having the processing head 21 provided with the material nozzle 212.
  • the processing system SYSb is different from the processing system SYSa in that it does not have to have the constituent requirements for supplying the modeling material M.
  • Other features of the machining system SYSb may be similar to those of the machining system SYSa.
  • the machining system SYSb described above also has the machining head 21b and the stage based on the results of the coordinate matching operation and the eccentricity acquisition operation when machining (that is, removing) the work W. At least one of 31 may be moved.
  • the processing system SYSb rotates the stage 31 and moves the processing head 21b (further, the stage 31) based on the result of the eccentricity acquisition operation while irradiating the work W with the processing light EL. You may.
  • the processing system SYSb can enjoy the same effect as the effect that the processing system SYSa can enjoy.
  • the processing system SYSb When the processing system SYSb has the irradiation position changing optical member (for example, galvano mirror 2111) shown in FIG. 19, the processing system SYSb replaces or additionally moves the processing head 21. , Irradiation position change The irradiation position of the processing light EL may be changed by the optical member. At this time, the processing system SYSb may change the irradiation position of the processing light EL based on the eccentricity amount ⁇ obtained from the measurement result by the measuring device 4.
  • the processing system SYSb may change the irradiation position of the processing light EL based on the eccentricity amount ⁇ obtained from the measurement result by the measuring device 4.
  • the processing system SYSb may irradiate the work W with processing light EL including a plurality of pulsed lights.
  • the processing system SYSb may irradiate the work W with processing light EL including a plurality of pulsed lights having a light emission time of nanoseconds or less.
  • the machining system SYSc of the third embodiment is a tool 215c for machining the work W in addition to or in place of the machining optical EL as compared with the machining system SYSa of the first embodiment described above (FIG. 25 described later). And FIG. 21), the work W may be machined. That is, the machining system SYSc is different from the machining system SYSa in that the work W may be machined.
  • the processing system SYSc may cut, grind, polish, or cut the work W by bringing the tool into contact with the work W.
  • the machining system SYSc may machine the work W so that the shape of the work W becomes a desired shape.
  • the machining system SYSc may machine the work W so as to form a desired structure on the work W.
  • the machining system SYSc may machine the work W so as to form a desired structure on the surface of the work W.
  • the processing system SYSc may machine the work W so that the surface of the work W is polished.
  • FIGS. 25 and 26 Such a processing system SYSc is shown in FIGS. 25 and 26.
  • FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the processing system SYS.
  • FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the processing system SYS.
  • the processing system SYSc differs from the processing system SYSA in that it does not have to include the light source 5. Further, the processing system SYSc is different from the processing system SYSa in that the irradiation optical system 211 does not have to be provided.
  • the processing system SYSc uses a processing head 21c not provided with the irradiation optical system 211 instead of the processing unit 2 having the processing head 21 provided with the irradiation optical system 211. It differs in that it is provided with a processing unit 2c. That is, the processing system SYSb is different from the processing system SYSa in that the work W does not have to have a constituent requirement for irradiating the processing light EL. Further, the processing system SYSc is different from the processing system SYSb in that it does not have to have the constituent requirements for supplying the modeling material M.
  • the machining system SYSc is different from the machining system SYSa in that it includes a machining head 21c including a tool 215c instead of the machining head 21.
  • Other features of the machining system SYSc may be similar to other features of the machining system SYS.
  • the machining system SYS described above also has the machining head 21c and the stage based on the results of the coordinate matching operation and the eccentric amount acquisition operation when machining the work W (that is, removing machining). At least one of 31 may be moved.
  • the machining system SYSc rotates the stage 31 and moves the machining head 21 (further, the stage 31) based on the result of the eccentric amount acquisition operation while the tool 215c is in contact with the work W. May be good.
  • the processing system SYSc can enjoy the same effect as the effect that the processing system SYSa can enjoy.
  • FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the processing system SYSd of the fourth embodiment.
  • the processing system SYSd of the fourth embodiment is different from the processing system SYSa in that it further includes a cooling device 9d.
  • Other features of the machining system SYSd may be similar to those of the machining system SYSa.
  • the cooling device 9d is a device for cooling the stage 31 (in the fourth embodiment, the stage 31 ⁇ Z) on which the work W is placed. Specifically, the work W placed on the stage 31 ⁇ Z is irradiated with the processing light EL. When the work W is irradiated with the processing light EL, heat is transferred from the processing light EL to the work W. When heat is transferred to the work W, heat is transferred from the work W to the stage 31 ⁇ Z on which the work W is placed. As a result, the temperature of the stage 31 ⁇ Z may become relatively high.
  • the cooling device 9d cools the stage 31 ⁇ Z in which the temperature may be relatively high in this way. Since the stage 31 ⁇ Z is housed in the internal space of the housing 8, the cooling device 9d is also housed in the internal space of the housing 8.
  • the cooling device 9d may include an air-cooled cooling device.
  • the cooling device 9d may cool the stage 31 ⁇ Z by supplying a gas to the stage 31 ⁇ Z. That is, the cooling device 9d may cool the stage 31 ⁇ Z by supplying a gas to the space facing the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the cooling device 9d may cool the stage 31 ⁇ Z by forming a gas flow in the space facing the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the cooling device 9d.
  • the cooling device 9d cools the stage 31 ⁇ Z by supplying gas to the lower surface 312 (that is, the surface opposite to the upper surface 311) of the stage 31 ⁇ Z on which the work W is placed on the upper surface 311. You may. That is, the cooling device 9d may cool the stage 31 ⁇ Z by supplying gas to the space SP1 facing the lower surface 312 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the lower surface 312 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z faces the stage 31 ⁇ X. Therefore, the space SP1 may include at least a part of the space between the lower surface 312 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z and the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • the cooling device 9d may cool the stage 31 ⁇ Z by supplying gas to the space facing the surface other than the lower surface 312 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the cooling device 9d may supply gas to the space SP1 from below the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • gas is supplied from below the stage 31 ⁇ Z to the space SP1 facing the lower surface 312 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z, a gas flow is formed in the space facing the upper surface 311 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z (that is, the space facing the work W). The chances are low. Therefore, the modeling material M supplied to the work W placed on the upper surface 311 is less likely to be blown off by the gas for cooling the stage 31 ⁇ Z. Therefore, the material nozzle 212 can supply the modeling material M to the work W without being affected by the gas for cooling the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the cooling device 9d may supply gas to the space SP1 via the inside of the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • the cooling device 9d may supply the gas to the space SP1 via the gas supply path formed inside the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • a supply path in other words, a supply space
  • SP2 for supplying gas to the space SP1 may be formed inside the housing 313d of the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • the supply path SP2 is connected to an opening 314d formed in the housing 313d in order to take in gas from the outside of the housing 313d to the inside of the housing 313d (particularly, the supply path SP2).
  • the cooling device 9d may include a fan 91d arranged in the opening 314d.
  • the fan 91d can be driven so as to take in gas from the outside of the housing 313d to the inside of the housing 313d (particularly, the supply path SP2).
  • the supply path SP2 is connected to an opening 315d formed in the housing 313d in order to supply gas from the supply path SP2 inside the housing 313d to the space SP1 outside the housing 313d.
  • the opening 315d is formed in a portion of the housing 8 facing the space SP1 (for example, a portion located below the stage 31 ⁇ Z).
  • the cooling device 9d takes in gas from the outside of the housing 313d into the supply path SP2 via the fan 91d arranged in the opening 314d, and transfers the taken-in gas into the space SP1 through the supply path SP2 and the opening 315d. Supply.
  • a gas flow is formed in the space SP1, and the stage 31 ⁇ Z is cooled by the gas flow.
  • the gas supplied to the space SP1 may include at least a part of the purge gas supplied from the gas supply source 6 to the inside of the housing 8.
  • a storage space SP3 in which a motor 322 ⁇ Z that can function as a rotation mechanism (movement mechanism) for rotating the stage 31 ⁇ Z may be formed inside the housing 313 of the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • the force generated by the motor 322 ⁇ Z is a belt that is a power transmission mechanism (movement mechanism) that connects the rotary shaft 321 ⁇ Z of the rotary shaft 321 ⁇ Z and the motor 322 ⁇ Z, which is a power transmission mechanism (movement mechanism) connected to the stage 31 ⁇ Z, and the rotary shaft 321 ⁇ Z. It is transmitted to the stage 31 ⁇ Z via the 323 ⁇ Z.
  • at least a part of the rotating shaft 321 ⁇ Z and the belt 323 ⁇ Z may also be accommodated in the accommodating space SP3.
  • the accommodation space SP3 may be spatially separated from the supply path SP2 via the partition member 36d.
  • the modeling material M invades the accommodation space SP3 (as a result, the motor 322 ⁇ Z and the like are contaminated by the modeling material M). Is suppressed.
  • the rotation shaft of the motor 322 ⁇ Z and the rotation shaft 321 ⁇ Z may be directly connected without the belt 323 ⁇ Z.
  • the stage 31 ⁇ X and the rotating shaft 321 ⁇ X may be connected via the speed reducer 324d.
  • the speed reducer 324d may connect the lower surface of the stage 31 ⁇ X and the rotating shaft 321 ⁇ X.
  • the speed reducer 324d may generate heat, but the speed reducer 324d may also be cooled by the flow of gas for cooling the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the cooling device 9d may further include a wind guide member 92d.
  • the wind guide member 92d may function to return the gas from the space SP1 to the outside of the space SP1 to the space SP1. As a result, the cooling efficiency of the stage 31 ⁇ Z is higher than that in the case where the cooling device 9d does not include the air guiding member 92d.
  • the processing system SYSd can cool the stage 31 (for example, stage 31 ⁇ Z) on which the work W is placed while enjoying the same effect as the effect that the processing system SYSa can enjoy.
  • processing system SYSb of the second embodiment and the processing system SYSc of the third embodiment may be provided with the cooling device 9d.
  • the heat-sensitive film 343 formed on the calibration plate 34 is transparent to the measurement light ML of the measurement device 4. However, at least a part of the thermal film 343 may be opaque to the measurement light ML of the measuring device 4.
  • the heat-sensitive film 343 When the heat-sensitive film 343 is opaque, the heat-sensitive film 343 may cover the entire calibration pattern CP as shown in FIG. 29, which is a plan view showing an example of the calibration plate 34.
  • the processing system SYS irradiates the heat-sensitive film 343 with the processing light EL (step S12 in FIG. 6), and then measures the calibration plate 34 on which the heat-sensitive film 343 is formed.
  • the heat-sensitive pattern PP is measured (step S13 in FIG. 6)
  • the calibration pattern CP is measured by measuring the calibration plate 34 from which the heat-sensitive film 343 has been removed after the heat-sensitive film 343 has been removed.
  • the processed coordinate system and the stage coordinate system may be associated with each other by merging the measurement result of the thermal pattern PP and the measurement result of the calibration pattern CP.
  • the thermal film 343 may cover a part of the calibration pattern CP. That is, the other part of the calibration pattern CP may not be covered by the thermal film 343.
  • the processing system SYS irradiates the heat-sensitive film 343 with the processing light EL (step S12 in FIG. 6), and then measures the calibration plate 34 on which the heat-sensitive film 343 is formed. Then, a part of the heat-sensitive pattern PP and the calibration pattern CP is measured (step S13 in FIG. 6), and then the calibration plate 34 from which the heat-sensitive film 343 has been removed is measured after the heat-sensitive film 343 has been removed.
  • the calibration pattern CP is measured (step S13 in FIG. 6), and then the processing coordinate system and the stage coordinate system are associated with each other by merging the measurement result of the thermal pattern PP and the measurement result of the calibration pattern CP.
  • the processing system SYS is a part of the calibration pattern CP included in both the measurement result of the thermal pattern PP and the measurement result of the calibration pattern CP (that is, the calibration pattern CP not covered by the thermal film 343).
  • the measurement result of the thermal pattern PP and the measurement result of the calibration pattern CP can be merged with relatively high accuracy by using the measurement result of (a part of). Even when the heat-sensitive film 343 is transparent, the heat-sensitive film 343 may cover a part of the calibration pattern CP, but may not cover the other part of the calibration pattern CP.
  • the thermal film 343 does not have to cover the calibration pattern CP. That is, the heat-sensitive film 343 may be formed on the first portion of the base member 341, and the calibration pattern CP may be formed on the first portion of the base member 341. Even when the thermal film 343 is transparent, the thermal film 343 does not have to cover the calibration pattern CP.
  • the calibration pattern CP is formed on the calibration plate 34.
  • the calibration pattern CP may be formed on a member different from the calibration plate 34.
  • the calibration pattern CP may be formed on a member (for example, a reference member) different from the work W mounted on the stage 31.
  • the calibration pattern CP may be formed on the stage 31.
  • FIGS. 32 to 34 show an example in which the calibration pattern CP is formed on the stage 31 ⁇ Z, the calibration pattern CP may be formed on the stage 31 ⁇ X.
  • FIG. 32 shows an example in which the calibration pattern CP is formed on the upper surface 311 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z (that is, the surface on which the work W is placed).
  • FIG. 33 the outer periphery of the upper surface 311 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z where the calibration pattern CP faces the work W and is different from the holding surface 3111 that actually holds the work W (for example, the outer circumference located outside the holding surface 3111).
  • FIG. 34 shows an example in which the calibration pattern CP is formed on the side surface 316 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the machining system SYS when the calibration pattern CP is formed on a surface different from the holding surface 3111 of the stage 31 ⁇ Z, the machining system SYS is in a state where the work W is placed on the stage 31 ⁇ Z.
  • Each of the coordinate matching operation and the eccentricity amount acquisition operation described above can be performed.
  • the machining system SYS has at least a part of the calibration pattern CP and at least a work W in the eccentricity acquisition operation. Both of them can be measured at the same time. That is, the machining system SYS can measure at least a part of the calibration pattern CP of the stage 31 together with at least a part of the work W.
  • the measurement of the calibration pattern CP by the measuring device 4 for calculating the rotation axis ⁇ Z of the stage 31 ⁇ Z and the measurement of the work W by the measuring device 4 for calculating the rotation axis ⁇ W of the work W are performed separately. You don't have to worry about it. Therefore, the time required for the eccentricity acquisition operation can be reduced.
  • the calibration pattern CP may include a pattern capable of specifying at least one position of the rotating stages 31 ⁇ X and 31 ⁇ Z.
  • the calibration pattern CP may include an encoder pattern (eg, a grid pattern). This encoder pattern may be an absolute pattern.
  • the measuring device 4 may measure the calibration pattern CP on the stage 31 with the work W mounted on the stage 31. ..
  • an existing structure formed on the stage 31 may be used as at least a part of the calibration pattern CP.
  • a recess formed in the stage 31 (for example, an opening such as a screw hole) may be used as at least a part of the calibration pattern CP.
  • a convex portion (for example, a protrusion) formed on the stage 31 may be used as at least a part of the calibration pattern CP.
  • the measuring device 4 may measure an existing structure used as at least a part of the calibration pattern CP with the work W mounted on the stage 31.
  • the machining system SYS measures the calibration pattern CP to obtain (that is, calculates) the rotation axis ⁇ Z.
  • the processing system SYS may measure at least a part of the calibration pattern CP to obtain the rotation axis ⁇ X.
  • the machining system SYS measures the calibration pattern CP to obtain the rotation axis ⁇ Z ( ⁇ X).
  • the processing system SYS may measure at least a part of the stage 31 (stage 31 ⁇ Z) to measure the rotation axis ⁇ Z.
  • the machining system SYS coordinates the three-dimensional shape measurement result of the stage 31 (stage 31 ⁇ Z) with the prepared design model of the stage 31 (stage 31 ⁇ Z) on the measurement coordinate system, and designs on the measurement coordinate system.
  • the rotation axis possessed by the model may be a rotation axis to be obtained (for example, rotation axis ⁇ Z).
  • the machining system SYS seeks the rotation axis ⁇ Z ( ⁇ X).
  • the processing system SYS does not have to obtain the rotation axis ⁇ Z ( ⁇ X).
  • the machining system SYS measures the three-dimensional shape of at least a part of the stage 31 and at least a part of the work W while holding the work W on the stage 31, and measures the point cloud information of the stage 31 and the measured points.
  • the measured point cloud information of the work W may be matched with the design model of the stage 31 and the model of the work W in the virtual coordinate system.
  • the machining system SYS may calculate the displacement of the work W when the stage 31 is rotated in the virtual coordinate system, and control the movement of the machining head 21 by using the calculation result.
  • the work W was cylindrical, but the shape of the work W is not limited to a rotationally symmetric shape such as a cylinder.
  • the processing system SYS processes the work W by irradiating the work W with the processing light EL.
  • the processing system SYS may process the work W by irradiating the work W with an arbitrary energy beam.
  • the processing system SYS may include a beam irradiation device capable of irradiating an arbitrary energy beam in addition to or in place of the light source 5 and the irradiation optical system 211.
  • an arbitrary energy beam at least one of a charged particle beam and an electromagnetic wave can be mentioned.
  • the charged particle beam at least one of an electron beam and an ion beam can be mentioned.
  • Appendix 1 In a processing system that processes an object using an energy beam A holding portion capable of holding each of the measuring member on which the sensitive film having sensitivity to the object and the energy beam is formed, and An irradiation device capable of irradiating the object and the measuring member with the energy beam, respectively. A position changing device that changes the relative positional relationship between the irradiation device and the holding portion, A measuring device that measures at least a part of the measuring member, A control device for controlling the position changing device is provided.
  • the position changing device changes the relative positional relationship between the irradiation device and the holding unit, and the irradiation device. Irradiates at least a part of the sensitive film of the measuring member with the energy beam.
  • the control device controls the position changing device based on the measurement result of the measuring member irradiated with the energy beam during at least a part of the second period in which the holding unit holds the object. system.
  • Appendix 2 The processing system according to Appendix 1, wherein the measurement result of the measuring member irradiated with the energy beam includes the measurement result of a portion of the sensitive film that is sensitive to the energy beam.
  • a predetermined measurement pattern is formed on the measurement member.
  • a predetermined measurement pattern is formed on the measurement member.
  • the sensitive film is formed so as to be opaque to the measurement light used by the measuring device for measuring the measuring member and to cover at least a part of the measuring pattern. At least a part of the first period, the measuring device measures the sensitive member irradiated with the energy beam, and then measures the measuring member from which the sensitive film has been removed.
  • the control device controls the position change device so that the irradiation device irradiates the energy beam at a desired position of the object.
  • the processing system described in. [Appendix 6] A measuring device that measures an object placed on a rotating device that can rotate a mounted object. A measuring unit that obtains a first measurement result of the object on the rotating device and a second measurement result when the object is measured in a posture different from the rotating posture of the object when the first measurement result is obtained.
  • a measuring device including a relationship acquisition unit that obtains a relationship between the object and the rotation axis of the rotating device based on the first and second measurement results.
  • a measuring device that measures an object placed on a rotating device that can rotate a mounted object.
  • a measuring unit that obtains a first measurement result of the object on the rotating device and a second measurement result when the object is measured in a posture different from the rotating posture of the object when the first measurement result is obtained.
  • a measuring device including a deviation acquisition unit that obtains a translational movement component excluding the rotational movement component among the movement components of one point of the object when the object is rotated based on the first and second measurement results.
  • An arithmetic unit connected to a measuring device that measures an object placed on a rotating device that can rotate a mounted object.
  • a measuring unit that obtains a first measurement result of the object on the rotating device and a second measurement result when the object is measured in a posture different from the rotating posture of the object when the first measurement result is obtained.
  • An arithmetic unit including a relationship acquisition unit that obtains a relationship between the object and the rotation axis of the rotation device based on the first and second measurement results.
  • An arithmetic unit connected to a measuring device that measures an object placed on a rotating device that can rotate a mounted object.
  • a measuring unit that obtains a first measurement result of the object on the rotating device and a second measurement result when the object is measured in a posture different from the rotating posture of the object when the first measurement result is obtained.
  • An arithmetic unit including a deviation acquisition unit that obtains a translational movement component excluding the rotational movement component among the movement components of one point of the object when the object is rotated based on the first and second measurement results.
  • the control device is based on a first measurement result obtained by measuring the object before rotating the holding portion and a second measurement result obtained by measuring the object after rotating the holding portion.
  • the processing system according to Appendix 10 for acquiring the position information of the object held in the holding portion.
  • the processing system according to Appendix 12 The processing system according to Appendix 11, wherein the processing apparatus processes the object based on the position information of the object obtained by the control device.
  • the control device After obtaining the first measurement result, the control device rotates the object by a rotation angle of less than 360 degrees to measure the object and obtain a second measurement result.
  • Appendix 14 The processing system according to any one of Appendix 11 to 13, further comprising an angle changing device for changing the angle of the rotating shaft of the rotating device with respect to the measuring axis of the measuring device.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately modified within the scope of claims and within a range not contrary to the gist or idea of the invention that can be read from the entire specification, and a processing system accompanied by such modification is also possible. It is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

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PCT/JP2020/007493 WO2021171371A1 (ja) 2020-02-25 2020-02-25 加工システム
JP2022502373A JP7468614B2 (ja) 2020-02-25 2020-02-25 加工システム
US17/802,411 US20230079144A1 (en) 2020-02-25 2020-02-25 Processing system
EP20921895.7A EP4112221A4 (en) 2020-02-25 2020-02-25 PROCESSING SYSTEM
JP2024059993A JP7736112B2 (ja) 2020-02-25 2024-04-03 加工システム
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JP2025183235A (ja) 2025-12-16
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US20230079144A1 (en) 2023-03-16

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