WO2021169865A1 - 传动齿轮箱 - Google Patents

传动齿轮箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021169865A1
WO2021169865A1 PCT/CN2021/077030 CN2021077030W WO2021169865A1 WO 2021169865 A1 WO2021169865 A1 WO 2021169865A1 CN 2021077030 W CN2021077030 W CN 2021077030W WO 2021169865 A1 WO2021169865 A1 WO 2021169865A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
box body
end cover
mating surface
ribs
clearance fit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/077030
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江远
李活明
邱湘淮
Original Assignee
广东肇庆爱龙威机电有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东肇庆爱龙威机电有限公司 filed Critical 广东肇庆爱龙威机电有限公司
Priority to EP21760782.9A priority Critical patent/EP4112974A4/en
Priority to US17/905,044 priority patent/US20230133002A1/en
Publication of WO2021169865A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021169865A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/031—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by covers or lids for gearboxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
    • B23K33/006—Filling of continuous seams for cylindrical workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/06—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for positioning the molten material, e.g. confining it to a desired area
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • F16H2055/176—Ring gears with inner teeth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02008—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by specific dividing lines or planes of the gear case
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02017—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by special features related to the manufacturing of the gear case, e.g. special adaptations for casting

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a deceleration transmission device, in particular to a deceleration device with a planetary gear mechanism.
  • the deceleration device comprises a box body and an end cover which are fixedly connected to each other by welding.
  • Transmission gearboxes especially transmission gears using planetary gear mechanisms, usually include a cylindrical box body.
  • the inner cavity of the box body defines an inner cavity for arranging gears.
  • the open end of the inner cavity is fixedly arranged with an end cover, and the end cover Provide limit and support for the gear inside the box.
  • one of the solutions in the prior art is to separately provide connecting flanges on the box body and the end cover, and use fixing bolts to connect the two flanges, so as to connect the end cover and the box body.
  • the flange connection in this solution has a complicated structure, which leads to complicated manufacturing and assembly processes of the gear box, and it is difficult to obtain good concentricity between the box body and the end cover.
  • the box body and the end cover are arranged to have an interference fit on the axial surface, and the box body and the end cover are fixedly connected to each other by performing laser welding at the matching structure. Due to the large area of the interference fit area between the box body and the end cover, the component manufacturing accuracy is very high, and it is easy to cause the fit area to deform during the welding process.
  • the utility model provides a new type of transmission gear box, which has a new type of matching structure, so that the box body and the end cover have as little failure deformation as possible during the welding process.
  • the transmission gear box includes a box body, at least one end cover and a matching structure, wherein: the box body is cylindrical and defines an inner cavity suitable for arranging gears; the at least one end The cover is fixed to at least one open end of the inner cavity of the box body that is open in the axial direction; the matching structure extends at least along the axial direction of the box body and the end cover, and includes a An inner matching surface on the inner cavity surface and an outer matching surface arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the other, the inner matching surface and the outer matching surface are fixed to each other by welding; between the inner matching surface and the outer matching surface is arranged At least one clearance fit zone and an interference fit zone located on both sides of the clearance fit zone, so that the melt produced by the melting of the interference fit zone during welding flows into the clearance fit zone under pressure.
  • the interference fit area where the outer rib and the inner rib are locally melted under high temperature, and flows into the clearance fit area between the outer rib and the inner rib by itself under pressure. It can be seen that, in this solution, by providing a corresponding clearance fit zone near the interference fit zone, it is possible to effectively avoid product deformation caused by the extrusion of the box body and the end cover by the melt during the welding process. In contrast, in the prior art solution, the interference fit area will expand due to heating and melting during welding, which will lead to greater deformation of the mating structure and even the entire box body and end cover, and even waste products.
  • the outer mating surface is provided with outer ribs extending in the circumferential direction
  • the inner mating surface is provided with inner ribs extending in the circumferential direction, wherein the outer ribs and the inner ribs are staggered with respect to each other.
  • the mating surface opposite to it constitutes the interference fit area
  • the area between the outer convex rib and the inner convex rib constitutes the clearance fit area.
  • the outer mating surface is provided with a plurality of axially extending outer ribs, each of the outer ribs and the opposite inner mating surface form the interference fit area, between two adjacent outer ribs The part and the opposite inner mating surface constitute the clearance fit area.
  • the plurality of outer ribs are parallel to each other and are evenly distributed on the entire circumference of the outer mating surface.
  • the matching structure includes an inner matching surface provided on the axial inner circumferential surface of the inner cavity of the box body and an outer matching surface provided on the axial outer circumferential surface of the end cover.
  • the box body includes a left open end and a right open end that are opened in opposite directions from the inner cavity in the axial direction, and the at least one end cover includes a left end cover and a right end cover respectively fixed to the left and right open ends.
  • Right end cap includes a left end cover and a right end cover respectively fixed to the left and right open ends.
  • the same matching structure is provided between the left end cover and the right end cover and the box body.
  • the surface of the inner cavity of the box body is provided with tooth grooves, so that the box body and the gear accommodated in the inner cavity together constitute a planetary gear mechanism.
  • the outer mating surface is provided with at least two outer protruding ribs extending in the circumferential direction, each outer protruding rib and the opposite inner mating surface form the interference fit area, and two adjacent outer protruding ribs The area between the ribs and the opposite inner mating surface form the clearance fit area.
  • Figure 1 is an axial cross-sectional schematic view of a specific embodiment of a transmission gearbox with a planetary gear mechanism according to the present invention, in which the gears are omitted to show the content of the invention more clearly and concisely;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the box in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the left end cover in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the right end cover in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the matching structure between the box body and the end cover in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of another specific embodiment of a transmission gearbox with a planetary gear mechanism according to the present invention, wherein the gears are also omitted to show the content of the invention more clearly and concisely;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the left end cover in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the right end cover in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the matching structure between the box body and the end cover in Fig. 6.
  • Figures 1-5 show a specific embodiment of a transmission gearbox with a planetary gear mechanism according to the present invention.
  • the transmission gear box includes a box body 10 and a left end cover 20 and a right end cover 20' at both ends.
  • the box body 10 is generally cylindrical, and its inner cavity is suitable for arranging a plurality of gears according to a predetermined structure. These gears and related rotating shafts and other components are omitted in the figure for the sake of brevity and clarity.
  • the left end cover 20 and the right end cover 20' are adapted to cooperate with gears arranged in the box to provide positioning and support for the gears.
  • the inner cavity surface of the box body is provided with tooth grooves, so that the box body can be used as a ring gear and gear to cooperate to form a planetary gear mechanism.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is not only applicable to transmission gearboxes with planetary gear mechanisms, but also applicable to other types of transmission gearboxes. For this reason, when the gearbox according to the present invention is not used in a planetary gear mechanism, there is no need to provide cogging on the surface of the inner cavity of the box.
  • the left end cover 20 and the right end cover 20' arranged at the left and right open ends of the box body 10 in the orientation shown in Fig. 1 are not the same to meet the requirements for matching with different gears, respectively. And undertake different supporting functions. It can be understood that, as an alternative to the current embodiment, the left end cover and the right end cover can be configured to have the same structure based on specific matching relationships and functional requirements. In addition, all boxes can also be provided with only a single open end, so that only a single corresponding end cover is provided.
  • the box body and the end cover are matched with each other in the axial direction and fixedly connected to each other by welding.
  • the fixed connection area between the box body 10 and the left end cover 20 or the right end cover 20' is provided with a matching structure, which extends along the axial direction of the box body and the end cover, including the inner cavity surface of the box body.
  • an additional axial matching structure other than that shown in the figure may be provided between the box body and the end cover.
  • flanges may be provided on the box body and the end cover respectively, and a radial matching structure is formed between the opposite end surfaces of the two flanges, and an additional fixing structure is formed by welding or bolt connection.
  • the mating structure includes a clearance fit area 30 arranged between the inner and outer mating surfaces and interference fit areas 40 located on both sides of the clearance fit area.
  • the inner mating surface of the box body 10 is provided with a stepped inner protruding rib 12, which extends around the inner cavity surface of the box and is in interference fit with the outer mating surface of the end cover, thereby forming a Prosperity fit zone 40.
  • the outer mating surface of the end cap 20 is provided with a stepped outer rib 22, which extends around the entire outer circumference of the outer mating surface of the end cap, and is in an interference fit with the inner mating surface of the box body, thereby further An interference fit zone 40.
  • the part of the outer mating surface 21 of the end cap that is not provided with outer ribs and the part of the inner mating surface 11 of the box body that are not provided with inner ribs form an interference fit area 30.
  • the interference fit area 40 where the outer rib and the inner rib are locally melted at high temperature, and flows into the clearance fit area 30 between the outer rib and the inner rib by itself under pressure. It can be seen that, in this solution, by providing a corresponding clearance fit zone near the interference fit zone, it is possible to effectively avoid product deformation caused by the extrusion of the box body and the end cover by the melt during the welding process. In contrast, in the prior art solution, the interference fit area will expand due to heating and melting during welding, which will lead to greater deformation of the mating structure and even the entire box body and end cover, and even waste products.
  • the mating structure in Figures 1-5 can have a variety of variations.
  • a larger number of ribs can be provided, thereby correspondingly forming a more dispersed welding area in the matching structure of the box body and the end cover, so as to further reduce the possible product deformation due to welding.
  • the protruding ribs can be provided only on the outer mating surface of the end cap or the inner mating surface of the box body. It is particularly beneficial that the ribs can be provided only on the outer mating surface of the end cap. Compared with forming a convex rib on the inner matching surface of the box body, it is more convenient to provide a convex rib on the outer matching surface of the end cover, and it is easier to meet higher dimensional accuracy requirements.
  • Figures 6-9 show another specific embodiment of a transmission gearbox for a planetary gear mechanism according to the present invention.
  • the transmission gear box includes a box body 10 and an end cover 20.
  • the box body is generally cylindrical, and its inner cavity is suitable for arranging a plurality of gears according to a predetermined configuration.
  • the two open ends of the box body are respectively fixed with end caps, and the end caps are adapted to cooperate with a plurality of gears arranged in the box body to provide positioning and support for the gears.
  • the inner surface of the box body is provided with tooth grooves, so that the box body can be used as a ring gear to cooperate with the gear to form a planetary gear mechanism.
  • left end cover 20 and the right end cover 20' arranged at the left and right open ends of the box body in the orientation shown in the figure are not the same, so as to be able to cooperate with different gears and need to undertake different supporting functions. It can be understood that, in an alternative solution of the current embodiment, the left end cover and the right end cover can be configured to have the same structure based on specific matching relationships and functional requirements.
  • the box body 10 and the end cover 20 cooperate with each other in the axial direction and are fixedly connected to each other by welding.
  • the box body and the end cover jointly constitute a matching structure, which extends along the axial direction of the box body and the end cover.
  • the matching structure includes an inner matching surface arranged in the inner cavity of the box and an outer matching surface arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the end cover.
  • an additional axial matching structure other than that shown in the figure may be provided between the box body and the end cover.
  • flanges can be provided on the box body and the end cover respectively, and the opposite end faces of the two flanges form a radial matching structure, and an additional fixing structure is formed by welding or bolting.
  • the outer mating surface 21 of the end cap in Figs. 6-9 is provided with a plurality of outer ribs 22 extending in the axial direction, while the inner mating surface 11 of the box body is a smooth surface. .
  • the outer rib 22 and the inner mating surface 11 form the interference fit area 40, and the part between the two adjacent outer ribs and the inner mating surface form a clearance fit. District 30.
  • the interference fit area 40 where the outer rib 22 is located melts locally at high temperature, and flows into the adjacent clearance fit area 30 by itself under pressure. Therefore, due to the arrangement of the clearance fit zone, the melt expansion and pressure generated by welding can be released, thereby effectively avoiding the extrusion of the box and the end cover by the melt and causing product deformation.
  • the embodiment in which the outer ribs are arranged axially in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is particularly suitable for the case where the axial size of the matching structure between the box body and the end cover is limited.
  • the axially arranged ribs are continuous in the axial direction, which can minimize the use of the limited axial space, so that the gap between the box cover and the end cover Has a better fixing effect.
  • the above-mentioned embodiment may have various modifications.
  • a larger number of ribs can be provided, thereby correspondingly forming a more dispersed welding area in the matching structure of the box body and the end cover, and further reducing the possible product deformation due to welding.
  • the protruding ribs can be provided only on the outer mating surface of the end cap or the inner mating surface of the box body. It is particularly beneficial that the ribs can be provided only on the outer mating surface of the end cap. Compared with forming a convex rib on the inner matching surface of the box body, it is more convenient to provide a convex rib on the outer matching surface of the end cover, and it is easier to meet higher dimensional accuracy requirements.
  • the mating structure may also be configured to include an inner mating surface provided on the inner cavity surface of the end cap and an outer mating surface provided on the outer peripheral surface of the box body.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种传动齿轮箱，包括箱体（10）、至少一个端盖（20，20'）和配合结构，箱体（10）限定出适于布置齿轮的内腔；至少一个端盖（20，20'）固定于箱体（10）的内腔的沿轴向敞开的至少一个开口端；配合结构包括设置于箱体（10）和端盖（20，20'）中一个的内腔表面上的内配合面（11）和设置于另一个的外周表面上的外配合面（21），内配合面（11）和外配合面（21）通过焊接相互固定；在内配合面（11）与外配合面（21）之间配置有至少一个间隙配合区（30）和位于该间隙配合区（30）两侧的过盈配合区（40）。提供的传动齿轮箱可以有效避免在焊接过程中因熔融体对箱体（10）和端盖（20，20'）形成挤压而造成的产品变形。

Description

传动齿轮箱 技术领域
本实用新型涉及减速传动装置，尤其涉及一种具有行星齿轮机构的减速装置，该减速装置包括借由焊接方式相互固定连接的箱体和端盖。
背景技术
传动齿轮箱，尤其是采用行星齿轮机构的传动齿轮，通常包括圆筒形状的箱体，箱体内部限定出用于布置齿轮的内腔，内腔的开口端部固定布置有端盖，端盖对箱体内部的齿轮提供限位和支撑。
为了将端盖固定至箱体，现有技术的其中一种方案是在箱体和端盖上分别设置连接法兰，并使用固定螺栓连接两个法兰，从而在端盖与箱体之间形成法兰连接。此方案中的法兰连接具有复杂的构造，导致齿轮箱的制造和装配工序繁杂，并且在箱体和端盖之间难以获得良好的同心度。
在现有技术的另一种方案中，箱体和端盖被设置为在轴向表面上过盈配合，通过在配合结构处实施激光焊接，将箱体和端盖相互固定连接。由于箱体和端盖之间的过盈配合区域面积较大，构件制造精度要求很高，并且在焊接的过程中容易导致配合区域发生变形。
实用新型内容
本实用新型提供一种新型的传动齿轮箱，其具有新型的配合结构，使得其箱体与端盖在焊接过程中具有尽可能小的失效变形。
为此，根据本实用新型的传动齿轮箱包括箱体、至少一个端盖和配合结构，其中：所述箱体呈圆筒状，并且限定出适于布置齿轮的内腔；所述至少一个端盖固定于所述箱体的内腔的沿轴向敞开的至少一个开口端；所述配合结构至少沿所述箱体和端盖的轴向延伸，包括设置于箱体和端盖中一个的内腔表面上的 内配合面和设置于另一个的外周表面上的外配合面，所述内配合面和外配合面通过焊接相互固定；在所述内配合面与外配合面之间配置有至少一个间隙配合区和位于该间隙配区两侧的过盈配合区，从而所述过盈配合区在焊接时发生融化而产生的熔融体在压力下流入所述间隙配合区。
在焊接过程中，外凸肋和内凸肋所在的过盈配合区在高温下局部融化，并且在压力下自行流入位于外凸肋和内凸肋之间的间隙配合区。由此可见，在本方案中，通过设在过盈配合区的附近设置相应的间隙配合区，可以有效避免在焊接过程中因熔融体对箱体和端盖形成挤压而造成的产品变形。相比之下，在现有技术的方案中，过盈配合区在焊接时将因为升温和熔融而膨胀，进而导致配合结构甚至整个箱体和端盖发生较大的变形，甚至产生废品。
有益的是，所述外配合面设置有沿周向延伸的外凸肋，所述内配合面设置有沿周向延伸的内凸肋，其中，所述外凸肋和内凸肋相互错开并与相对的配合面构成所述过盈配合区，而在所述外凸肋和内凸肋之间的区域构成所述间隙配合区。
有益的是，所述外配合面设置有轴向延伸的多条外凸肋，每条外凸肋与相对的内配合面形成所述过盈配合区，相邻的两条外凸肋之间的部分与相对的内配合面构成所述间隙配合区。
有益的是，所述多条外凸肋相互平行并且均布于外配合面的整个圆周。
有益的是，所述配合结构包括设置于箱体的内腔的轴向内周面上的内配合面和设置于端盖的轴向外周面上的外配合面。
有益的是，所述箱体包括从内腔沿轴向分别朝相反方向敞开的左开口端和右开口端，所述至少一个端盖包括分别固定至该左开口端和右开口端的左端盖和右端盖。
有益的是，所述左端盖和右端盖与箱体之间设置有相同的配合结构。
有益的是，所述箱体的内腔的表面设置有齿槽，从而箱体与容纳于其内腔中的齿轮共同构成行星齿轮机构。
有益的是，所述外配合面上设置有沿周向延伸的至少两条外凸肋，每条外凸肋与相对的内配合面形成所述过盈配合区，相邻的两条外凸肋之间的区域与 相对的内配合面形成所述间隙配合区。
附图说明
图1为根据本实用新型的具有行星齿轮机构的传动齿轮箱的一种具体实施方案的轴向截面示意图，其中的齿轮被省略以更为清晰简明地示出发明内容；
图2为图1中的箱体的示意图；
图3为图1中的左端盖的示意图；
图4为图1中的右端盖的示意图；
图5为图1中在箱体与端盖之间的配合结构处的局部放大图；
图6为根据本实用新型的具有行星齿轮机构的传动齿轮箱的另一种具体实施方案的轴向截面示意图，其中的齿轮同样被省略以更为清晰简明地示出发明内容；
图7为图6中的左端盖的示意图；
图8为图6中的右端盖的示意图；
图9为图6中在箱体与端盖之间的配合结构处的横截面放大视图。
具体实施方式
图1-5示出了根据本实用新型的具有行星齿轮机构的传动齿轮箱的一种具体实施方案。参见图1，该传动齿轮箱包括箱体10和位于两端的左端盖20和右端盖20’。所述箱体10大致呈圆筒状，其内腔适于按照预定的构造布置多个齿轮，图中为简明和清晰起见而省略了这些齿轮以及相关的转轴等构件。左端盖20和右端盖20’适于与布置于箱体内的齿轮配合，对齿轮提供定位和支撑。
结合图1和图2可以看出，箱体的内腔表面设置有齿槽，从而箱体可以用作齿圈与齿轮配合而共同组成行星齿轮机构。但是，本实用新型的技术方案不仅仅适用于具有行星齿轮机构的传动齿轮箱，也可用于其他类型的传动齿轮箱。为此，在根据本实用新型的齿轮箱不用于行星齿轮机构时，箱体内腔表面的齿槽也就没有必要设置。
进一步参见图3和图4，布置于箱体10的如图1所示方位的左开口端和右 开口端的左端盖20和右端盖20’并不相同，以分别满足与不同齿轮的配合需求，并承担不同的支撑功能。可以明白，作为当前实施例的替代方案，可以基于特定的配合关系和功能要求，将左端盖和右端盖设置为具有相同的构造。此外，所有箱体也可以被设置为仅有单个开口端，从而仅仅设置单个相应的端盖。
在图示实施例中，箱体和端盖在轴向上相互配合并且通过焊接相互固定连接。为此，箱体10和左端盖20或右端盖20’之间的固定连接区域设置配合结构，该配合结构其沿所述箱体和端盖的轴向延伸，包括由设置于箱体内腔表面上的内配合面11和端盖外周面上的外配合面21。除此之外，虽然没有在图中示出，箱体和端盖之间还可以存在其他形式的配合结构，以提供额外的固定结合面。比如，箱体和端盖之间可以设置除图中示出之外的额外的轴向配合结构。再如，可以在箱体和端盖上分别设置法兰，两个法兰的相对端面之间形成径向配合结构，并通过焊接或者螺栓连接而形成额外的固定结构。
现参见图5，其为图1中箱体与左端盖之间的配合结构位置处的局部放大图。如图所示，配合结构包括配置于所述内配合面与外配合面之间的一个间隙配合区30和位于间隙配合区两侧的过盈配合区40。具体而言，箱体10的内配合面上设置有呈阶梯状的内凸肋12，该内凸肋围绕箱体内腔表面延伸一周，并且与端盖的外配合面过盈配合，从而形成过盈配合区40。同时，端盖20的外配合面上设置呈阶梯状的外凸肋22，该外凸肋22围绕端盖外配合面的整个外周延伸，并且与箱体的内配合面过盈配合，从而另一个过盈配合区40。同时，端盖的外配合面21上没有设置外凸肋的部分与箱体的内配合面11上没有设置内凸肋的部分形成过盈配合区30。
在焊接过程中，外凸肋和内凸肋所在的过盈配合区40在高温下局部融化，并且在压力下自行流入位于外凸肋和内凸肋之间的间隙配合区30。由此可见，在本方案中，通过设在过盈配合区的附近设置相应的间隙配合区，可以有效避免在焊接过程中因熔融体对箱体和端盖形成挤压而造成的产品变形。相比之下，在现有技术的方案中，过盈配合区在焊接时将因为升温和熔融而膨胀，进而导致配合结构甚至整个箱体和端盖发生较大的变形，甚至产生废品。
图1-5中的配合结构可以具有多种变形。例如，可以设置更多数量的凸肋， 从而相应地在箱体与端盖的配合结构中形成更为分散的焊接区域，以进一步减小因为焊接可能产生的产品变形。再如，可以将凸肋仅仅设置在端盖的外配合面上或者箱体的内配合面上。尤其有益的是，可以将凸肋仅仅设置在端盖的外配合面上。相比在箱体的内配合面上成形凸肋，在端盖的外配合面上设置凸肋更为方便，并且更容易满足更高的尺寸精度要求。
图6-9示出了根据本实用新型的用于行星齿轮机构的传动齿轮箱的另一种具体实施方案。与图1-5中的实施例类似，该传动齿轮箱包括箱体10和端盖20。所述箱体大致呈圆筒状，其内腔适于按照预定的构造布置多个齿轮。所述箱体的两个开口端分别固定有端盖，端盖适于与布置于箱体内的多个齿轮配合，以对齿轮提供定位和支撑。箱体的内表面设置有齿槽，从而箱体可以作为齿圈与齿轮配合而共同组成行星齿轮机构。
同样地，布置于箱体的如图所示方位中的左开口端和右开口端的左端盖20和右端盖20’并不相同，以能够与不同的齿轮配合，并且需要承担不同的支撑功能。可以明白，在当前实施例的替代方案中，可以基于特定的配合关系和功能要求，将左端盖和右端盖设置为具有相同的构造。
此外，在图示实施例中，箱体10和端盖20在轴向上相互配合并且通过焊接相互固定连接。为此，箱体和端盖共同构成配合结构，其沿所述箱体和端盖的轴向延伸。该配合结构包括由设置于箱体内腔中的内配合面和设置于端盖外周面上的外配合面。除此之外，虽然没有在图中示出，箱体和端盖之间还可以存在其他形式的配合结构，以提供额外的固定结合面。比如，箱体和端盖之间可以设置除图中示出之外的额外的轴向配合结构。再如，可以在箱体和端盖上分别设置法兰，两个法兰的相对端面之间形成径向配合结构，并通过焊接或者螺栓连接而形成额外的固定结构。
与图1-5所示实施例不同的是，图6-9中端盖的外配合面21设置有沿轴向延伸的多条外凸肋22，而箱体的内配合面11为光滑面。在端盖相对箱体安装就位后，所述外凸肋22和内配合面11构成所述过盈配合区40，而相邻两个外凸肋之间的部分与内配合面构成间隙配合区30。在焊接过程中，外凸肋22所在的过盈配合区40在高温下局部融化，并且在压力下自行流入相邻的间隙配合区30。 所以，由于所述间隙配合区的设置，焊接所产生的熔融体膨胀以及压力能够得以释放，从而有效避免了熔融体对箱体和端盖形成挤压并造成产品变形。
图6所示实施例中的轴向地设置外凸肋的实施方式尤其适用于箱体与端盖之间的配合结构的轴向尺寸有限的情况。相比周向地设置的外凸肋或者内凸肋，轴向地设置的凸肋在轴向上是连续的，可以最大程度低利用有限的轴向空间，从而使得箱盖与端盖之间具有更好的固定效果。
上述实施例可以具有多种变形。例如，可以设置更多数量的凸肋，从而相应地在箱体与端盖的配合结构中形成更为分散的焊接区域，进一步减小因为焊接可能产生的产品变形。再如，可以将凸肋仅仅设置在端盖的外配合面上或者箱体的内配合面上。尤其有益的是，可以将凸肋仅仅设置在端盖的外配合面上。相比在箱体的内配合面上成形凸肋，在端盖的外配合面上设置凸肋更为方便，并且更容易满足更高的尺寸精度要求。此外，作为替换方式，所述配合结构也可以被设置为包括设置于端盖的内腔表面上的内配合面和设置于箱体的外周面上的外配合面。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种传动齿轮箱，包括：
    箱体(10)，其呈圆筒状，并且限定出适于布置齿轮的内腔；
    至少一个端盖(20,20’)，其固定于所述箱体(10)的内腔的沿轴向敞开的至少一个开口端；
    配合结构，其至少沿所述箱体(10)和端盖(20,20’)的轴向延伸，包括设置于箱体和端盖中一个的内腔表面上的内配合面(11)和设置于另一个的外周表面上的外配合面(21)，所述内配合面(11)和外配合面(21)通过焊接相互固定；
    其特征在于，
    在所述内配合面(11)与外配合面(21)之间配置有至少一个间隙配合区(30)和位于该间隙配区(30)两侧的过盈配合区(40)，从而所述过盈配合区(40)在焊接时发生融化而产生的熔融体在压力下流入所述间隙配合区(30)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的传动齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述外配合面(21)设置有沿周向延伸的外凸肋(22)，所述内配合面(11)设置有沿周向延伸的内凸肋(12)，其中，所述外凸肋(22)和内凸肋(12)相互错开并与相对的配合面构成所述过盈配合区(40)，而在所述外凸肋(22)和内凸肋(12)之间的区域构成所述间隙配合区(30)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的传动齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述外配合面(21)设置有轴向延伸的多条外凸肋(22)，每条外凸肋(22)与相对的内配合面(11)形成所述过盈配合区(40)，相邻的两条外凸肋之间的部分与相对的内配合面构成所述间隙配合区(30)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的传动齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述多条外凸肋(22)相互平行并且均布于外配合面(21)的整个圆周。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的传动齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述配合结构包括设置于箱体(10)的内腔的轴向内周面上的内配合面(11)和设置于端盖(20)的轴向外周面上的外配合面(21)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的传动齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述箱体(10)包括从内腔沿轴向分别朝相反方向敞开的左开口端和右开口端，所述至少一个端盖(20,20’)包括分别固定至该左开口端和右开口端的左端盖(20)和右端盖(20’)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的传动齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述左端盖(20)和右端盖(20’)与箱体(10)之间设置有相同的配合结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的传动齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述箱体(10)的内腔的表面设置有齿槽，从而箱体与容纳于其内腔中的齿轮共同构成行星齿轮机构。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的传动齿轮箱，其特征在于，所述外配合面上设置有沿周向延伸的至少两条外凸肋，每条外凸肋与相对的内配合面形成所述过盈配合区，相邻的两条外凸肋之间的区域与相对的内配合面形成所述间隙配合区。
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