WO2021169688A1 - 客户前置设备 - Google Patents

客户前置设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021169688A1
WO2021169688A1 PCT/CN2021/073086 CN2021073086W WO2021169688A1 WO 2021169688 A1 WO2021169688 A1 WO 2021169688A1 CN 2021073086 W CN2021073086 W CN 2021073086W WO 2021169688 A1 WO2021169688 A1 WO 2021169688A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
heat dissipation
customer front
end equipment
customer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/073086
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵斌
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2021169688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021169688A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/035—Cooling of active equipments, e.g. air ducts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/11—Protection against environment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/02—Constructional details
    • H04Q1/11—Protection against environment
    • H04Q1/114—Protection against environment flooding protection, e.g. using water proof provision

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of terminals, in particular to a customer front-end equipment.
  • Customer Premise Equipment is a mobile signal access device used to receive mobile signals and forward them with wireless WIFI signals. It can convert the first network signal into the second network signal, such as 4G or 5G signals. Converted into WiFi signal.
  • the customer's front-end equipment When the customer's front-end equipment is working, the overall temperature of the equipment will be relatively high.
  • the shell of the customer's front-end equipment is generally provided with heat dissipation holes for heat dissipation, but the setting of the heat-dissipating holes on the shell of the customer's front-end equipment reduces the waterproof and dustproof performance of the customer's front-end equipment.
  • a customer front-end equipment including:
  • the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the second housing is connected to the first housing and forms an installation cavity with the first housing;
  • the second housing can move to a first position and a second position relative to the first housing.
  • first housing and the second housing When in the first position, the first housing and the second housing are closed, and when in the second position, the first housing and the second housing are closed.
  • the first shell and the second shell form a heat dissipation channel connecting the mounting cavity with the outside.
  • a customer front-end equipment including:
  • the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the second housing is connected to the first housing and forms an installation cavity with the first housing;
  • a driving mechanism connected to the first housing and the second housing
  • a temperature sensor which is provided in the installation cavity and is configured to detect the working temperature of the customer's front-end equipment
  • a processor in communication connection with the temperature sensor and the driving mechanism
  • the processor is configured to:
  • the driving mechanism is controlled to drive the second housing to move relative to the first housing to form a heat dissipation channel connecting the installation cavity and the outside.
  • a customer front-end equipment including:
  • the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the second housing is provided at one end of the first housing, and the opposite end of the first housing is provided with a vent;
  • the circuit board is arranged in the housing;
  • a fan arranged in the housing and electrically connected to the circuit board
  • the second housing can move relative to the first housing to form a heat dissipation channel exposed to the housing, and the heat dissipation channel is connected to the vent via the fan; the second housing can also be opposite to The first housing moves to shield the heat dissipation channel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a wireless communication system architecture in an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a customer front-end device in an embodiment, in which the second housing is in the first position;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the customer front-end equipment shown in Fig. 2, in which the second housing is in the second position;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the customer front equipment shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the customer front-end equipment shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a partial schematic diagram of the customer front-end equipment shown in Figure 5;
  • FIG. 7 is another partial schematic diagram of the customer front-end equipment shown in FIG. 5.
  • first, second and the like used in the present invention can be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from another element.
  • the first base station may be referred to as the second base station, and similarly, the second base station may be referred to as the first base station. Both the first base station and the second base station are base stations, but they are not the same base station.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a network system architecture provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the customer premises equipment 10 can be connected to the first base station 20 in the first network system, and access the core network through the first base station 20.
  • the cell of the second network system and the second base station may be deployed in the vicinity of the customer front-end equipment 10, or the cell of the second radio frequency system and the second base station may not be deployed.
  • the first network system is different from the second network system.
  • the first network system may be a 4G system
  • the second network system may be a 5G system
  • the first network system may be a 5G system
  • the second network system may be a 5G system.
  • the future PLMN system evolved later; the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit which radio frequency system the first network system and the second network system are.
  • the customer front-end equipment 10 When the customer front-end equipment 10 is connected to the 5G communication system, the customer front-end equipment 10 can send and receive data with the corresponding first base station 20 through the beam formed by the 5G millimeter wave antenna module, and the beam needs to be aligned with the first base station.
  • An antenna beam of the base station 20 to facilitate the customer front-end equipment 10 to transmit uplink data to the first base station 20 or to receive downlink data transmitted by the first base station 20.
  • the customer front-end equipment 10 is used to implement the network access function, and convert the operator's public network WAN to the user's home local area network LAN. According to the current Internet broadband access methods, it can be divided into FTTH (fiber access), DSL (digital telephone line access), Cable (cable television line access), Mobile (mobile access, that is, wireless CPE).
  • the customer front-end device 10 is a mobile signal access device that receives mobile signals and forwards them with wireless WIFI signals. It is also a device that can convert high-speed 4G or 5G signals into WiFi signals, and can support multiple mobile terminals 30 Access the network.
  • the customer front-end equipment 10 includes a housing 11, a circuit board 12, and a radio frequency system.
  • the housing 11 forms a mounting cavity 101.
  • the circuit board 12 can integrate a processor and corresponding control circuits.
  • the circuit board 12 and the radio frequency system are installed in the installation cavity 101, and the housing 11 plays a role of support, positioning and protection.
  • the radio frequency system includes at least a 4G antenna radio frequency module, a 5G antenna radio frequency module, and a WiFi antenna radio frequency module.
  • the 5G antenna radio frequency module may further include a sub-6G antenna radio frequency module and a millimeter wave antenna radio frequency module.
  • the sub-6G antenna radio frequency module is used to transmit and receive antenna signals in the sub-6GHz frequency band, and the millimeter wave antenna radio frequency module is used to transmit and receive millimeter waves.
  • the millimeter wave antenna radio frequency module can provide a continuous bandwidth of more than 100M and a great data throughput, so that the customer front-end device 10 has relatively high communication performance.
  • the sub-6G antenna radio frequency module includes a radio frequency transceiver, a plurality of radio frequency front-end modules, and N antennas, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the N antennas may include directional antennas and/or omnidirectional antennas.
  • the N antennas can transmit and receive radio frequency signals of a preset frequency band.
  • the N antennas can be NR directional antennas or NR omnidirectional antennas for transmitting and receiving 5G signals.
  • a directional antenna refers to an antenna that emits and receives electromagnetic waves in a certain direction or in a few specific directions is particularly strong, while transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves in other directions is zero or very small.
  • the omnidirectional antenna exhibits 360° uniform radiation on the horizontal pattern, and has no directionality. On the vertical pattern, it appears as a beam with a certain width. In general, the smaller the lobe width, the greater the gain.
  • the housing 11 is substantially cylindrical, and the appearance of the customer front-end device 10 is mainly presented by the housing 11. In other embodiments, the housing 11 may have other shapes such as a prismatic shape. Referring to FIG. 4, the length extension direction of the circuit board 12 is consistent with the height extension direction of the housing 11, and the radio frequency system is electrically connected to the circuit board 12. Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the circuit board 12 may be provided with a plurality of interfaces 14 exposed to the housing 11, and these interfaces 14 are electrically connected to the circuit board 12. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the interface 14 includes a power interface 141, a network cable interface 143, a USB interface 145, and the like.
  • the power interface 141 is used to connect an external power source to use the external power supply to supply power to the customer front-end device 10, and the USB interface 145 can be used for data transmission between the customer front-end device 10 and external devices.
  • the USB interface 145 and the power interface 141 can be integrated into one to simplify the arrangement of the interface 14 of the customer front-end device 10.
  • the network cable interface 143 may further include a wired network access terminal and a wired network output terminal.
  • the customer premises equipment 10 can be connected to the network through a wired network access terminal, and then connected to other equipment through one or more wired network output terminals.
  • the wired network output can be defaulted, that is, after the customer front-end device 10 uses the wired network input to connect to the network, the radio frequency system is used to convert the wired network into a wireless network (such as WIFI) for external equipment Access the network.
  • a wireless network such as WIFI
  • both the wired network access terminal and the wired network output terminal can be omitted.
  • the customer front-end equipment 10 can access the cellular network (also known as the mobile network) through the radio frequency system, and then convert it into a WiFi signal for supply The external device is connected to the network.
  • the housing 11 can also be provided with a structure such as a button 15, and the button 15 is used to control the working state of the customer's front-end device 10.
  • the user can activate the customer front-end device 10 or turn off the customer front-end device 10 by pressing the button 15.
  • the housing 11 can also be provided with an indicator light and other devices for prompting the customer of the working status of the front-end device 10.
  • the button 15 and the multiple interfaces 14 are arranged on the same side of the circuit board 12 and exposed on the same side of the housing 11. This arrangement facilitates the assembly of the button 15 and the interface 14 with the circuit board 12 and improves The appearance characteristics of the customer front equipment 10 can improve the convenience of use.
  • this arrangement can be replaced with other arrangements, for example, the interface 14 and the button 15 can be exposed on different sides of the housing 11 respectively.
  • the customer front-end equipment 10 includes a heat sink 16 and a fan 17 disposed in the mounting cavity 101, and the fan 17 is connected to the housing 11 and electrically connected to the circuit board 12.
  • the fan 17 is an axial fan, and the extending direction of the rotation axis of the fan 17 is parallel to the height direction of the customer front device 10.
  • the fan 17 may be a centrifugal fan.
  • the heat sink 16 is made of a metal material with good heat dissipation performance (such as aluminum alloy) and is connected to the circuit board 12.
  • the heat sink 16 has a relatively large heat dissipation surface area, which is beneficial to the circuit board 12 and the electronic components The heat generated during the work is quickly dissipated into the air.
  • the material of the heat sink 16 is aluminum alloy.
  • the heat sink 16 includes a supporting plate 161 and a plurality of heat sinks 163 arranged on one side of the supporting plate 161. The plurality of heat sinks 163 are arranged at intervals on the side of the supporting plate 161 away from the circuit board 12, and the supporting plate 161 is attached to the circuit board 12. set up.
  • the gap formed by two adjacent heat sinks 163 extends along the height direction of the housing 11, so that the fan 17 can guide air to flow through the gap between the two adjacent heat sinks 163 to increase the heat dissipation area of the heat sink 16 , Improve heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the housing 11 includes a first housing 111 and a second housing 113.
  • the second housing 113 is connected to the first housing 111 and forms the above-mentioned mounting cavity 101 with the first housing 111. At least one of the one housing 111 and the second housing 113 is provided with a heat dissipation hole 103.
  • the second housing 113 can move relative to the first housing 111 to a first position and a second position. 4, the first housing 111 and the second housing 113 are closed in the first position; referring to FIG.
  • the heat dissipation hole 103 forms a heat dissipation channel connecting the mounting cavity 101 with the outside, and the fan 17 can guide The outside air passes through the heat dissipation holes 103 to generate relative flow with the air in the installation cavity 101 for heat exchange.
  • the second housing 113 may be in the first position.
  • the customer front device 10 in the first position is normally placed on a support, such as a horizontal desktop, water and dust cannot easily enter the customer front device 10.
  • the customer front device 10 is in use and the heating power is high, the customer front device 10 can be in the second position.
  • the fan 17 When in the second position, the fan 17 can guide the outside air through the heat dissipation hole 103 and the air in the installation cavity 101 A relative flow is generated for heat exchange, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the customer's front-end equipment 10. Of course, it can be understood that the fan 17 is not necessary. After the heat dissipation channel is formed, the air in the cavity 101 can flow relative to the outside air through the heat dissipation channel to facilitate the heat dissipation of the customer front device 10.
  • the first housing 111 is sleeved with the second housing 113, and the heat dissipation hole 103 is located in the second housing 113. When in the first position, the heat dissipation hole 103 is shielded by the first housing 111.
  • the second housing 113 is cylindrical, and there are a plurality of heat dissipation holes 103, and the plurality of heat dissipation holes 103 are distributed on the outer periphery of the second housing 113 at intervals.
  • the heat dissipation holes 103 may be located in the first housing 111, or both the first housing 111 and the second housing 113 are provided with heat dissipation holes 103.
  • the heat dissipation hole 103 is not necessary.
  • the first housing 111 and the second housing 113 may not be provided with the heat dissipation hole 103, and in the second position, the second housing 113 and the first housing 111 form a distance between the installation cavity 101 and the outside; When the first housing 111 and the second housing 113 are closed, the gap disappears. This interval can be used as a heat dissipation channel for the air in the installation cavity 101 to flow relative to the outside air, so as to facilitate the heat dissipation of the customer's front-end equipment 10.
  • the heat dissipation channel is formed by the exposed part of the heat dissipation hole 103.
  • the customer front equipment 10 includes a driving mechanism 18 connected to the first housing 111 and the second housing 113 to drive the second housing 113 in the first position Switch between the second position and the second position, and the driving mechanism 18 is electrically connected to the circuit board.
  • the driving mechanism 18 includes a motor 181, a screw rod 183, and a support block 185.
  • the motor 181 and the screw rod 183 are fixedly connected to the first housing 111, and the support block 185 is fixedly connected to the first housing 111.
  • the second housing 113, and the supporting block 185 is engaged with the screw rod 183.
  • the motor 181 is electrically connected to the circuit board 12 and can drive the screw rod 183 to rotate to drive the support block 185 to move along the height direction of the customer front equipment 10, thereby driving the second housing 113 to move relative to the first housing 111 to make the second housing 113 move relative to the first housing 111.
  • the second housing 113 is switched between the first position and the second position.
  • the motor 181 may be a stepping motor 181, so that the driving mechanism 18 can obtain higher control accuracy.
  • a temperature sensor can be provided in the installation cavity 101 in the customer front-end device 10, the processor is in communication connection with the temperature sensor and the driving mechanism 18, and the temperature sensor is configured to detect the working temperature of the customer front-end device 10.
  • the operating temperature may be the temperature of certain devices (for example, the circuit board 12 or the processor or other electronic devices on the circuit board 12), or the temperature of the air in the installation cavity 101.
  • the temperature can also be a comprehensive parameter calculated from certain temperature values.
  • the processor is configured to be able to determine whether the operating temperature is greater than a preset temperature threshold.
  • the processor controls the drive mechanism 18 to work, that is, the processor turns on the drive mechanism
  • the control circuit of 18, the driving mechanism 18 activates and drives the second housing 113 to move relative to the first housing 111 to form a heat dissipation channel connecting the mounting cavity 101 with the outside.
  • the control circuit of the driving mechanism 18 is in a disconnected state, and the driving mechanism 18 does not work to reduce the energy consumption of the customer front-end equipment 10.
  • the fan 17 may be connected to the processor in communication, and the processor may be configured to control the working state of the fan 17, so as to turn on the fan 17 when the working temperature is greater than the temperature threshold.
  • the fan 17 is used to enhance the relative flow between the air in the installation cavity 101 and the outside air, so as to improve the heat dissipation performance of the customer's front-end device 10.
  • the control circuit of the fan 17 may be in a disconnected state, and the fan 17 does not work to reduce the energy consumption of the customer front-end device 10.
  • the fan 17 may not be controlled by the processor.
  • the driving mechanism 18 drives the second housing 113 to move relative to the first housing 111 and forms a heat dissipation channel, the fan 17 is activated.
  • the processor may be further configured to adjust the moving distance of the second housing 113 relative to the first housing 111 according to the magnitude of the operating temperature exceeding the temperature threshold, thereby adjusting the size of the heat dissipation channel.
  • the processor may be further configured to adjust the moving distance of the second housing 113 relative to the first housing 111 according to the magnitude of the operating temperature exceeding the temperature threshold, thereby adjusting the size of the heat dissipation channel.
  • the second housing 113 is provided with the heat dissipation hole 103
  • the exposed size of the heat dissipation hole 103 can be adjusted, and the exposed part of the heat dissipation hole 103 is formed
  • the heat dissipation channel that is, the size of the heat dissipation channel can be adjusted according to the extent by which the operating temperature exceeds the temperature threshold.
  • the extent of the operating temperature exceeding the temperature threshold can be determined by the difference between the operating temperature and the temperature threshold, or by the ratio of the operating temperature to the temperature threshold, or by the operating temperature exceeding the temperature
  • the percentage of the threshold is determined, and it can also be determined by other calculation methods.
  • the processor may control the driving mechanism 18 to continue working to drive the second housing 113 relative to each other.
  • the first housing 111 moves and increases the size of the heat dissipation channel, for example, increases the exposed size of the heat dissipation hole 103, thereby increasing the air flow, so as to realize the automatic heat dissipation of the customer's front-end equipment 10 and improve the customer's front-end equipment 10 Thermal performance.
  • the driving mechanism 18 does not continue to work to prevent damage to the components.
  • the processor may also be further configured to be able to control the operation of the driving mechanism 18 to reduce the size of the heat dissipation channel.
  • the processor may also be configured to not control the operation of the driving mechanism when it is detected that the operating temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold and the size of the heat dissipation channel reaches the maximum value.
  • the working temperature of the customer front-end device 10 is greater than the preset temperature threshold, and the size of the heat dissipation channel reaches the maximum value, although at a time after T0, the working temperature of the customer front-end device 10 drops,
  • the driving mechanism 18 may not work, and the size of the heat dissipation channel is maintained at the state at T0.
  • This configuration can avoid the frequent activation of the drive mechanism 18 to avoid the dimensional instability of the heat dissipation channel, and can reduce the wear of mechanical components and increase the service life of the drive mechanism 18 and related components.
  • an end of the circuit board 12 facing away from the fan 17 is provided with a notch 121, and the driving mechanism 18 is provided in the notch 121.
  • This structural arrangement enables the circuit board 12 to make full use of the internal space of the customer's front-end equipment 10, and improves the compactness of the arrangement of internal components.
  • the circuit board 12 may not be provided with the notch 121, and the driving mechanism 18 may be provided at one end of the circuit board 12 away from the fan 17.
  • the driving mechanism 18 can be connected to the circuit board 12 and supported and positioned by the circuit board 12.
  • the circuit board 12 may be connected to a bracket, and the bracket is fixedly connected to the motor 181 of the driving mechanism 18.
  • the fan 17 may also be configured to adjust the rotation speed according to the temperature, and then adjust the air flow to improve the heat dissipation performance of the customer front device 10.
  • the processor adjusts the rotation speed of the fan 17 to increase the rotation speed of the fan 17, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the customer front-end device 10 .
  • the working temperature when the working temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the working temperature may be divided into two or more temperature intervals, and the rotation speed of the fan 17 may be determined according to the temperature intervals.
  • the rotation speed of the fan 17 remains unchanged. This configuration can prevent the rotation speed of the fan 17 from being unstable and affecting the service life of the fan 17.
  • the extending direction of the output shaft of the motor 181 is parallel to the height direction of the customer front equipment 10.
  • the driving mechanism 18 may have other forms.
  • the extension direction of the output shaft of the motor 181 may be perpendicular to the height direction of the customer front equipment 10.
  • the driving mechanism 18 may adopt a rack and pinion transmission structure to realize the movement of the second housing 113 relative to the first housing 111.
  • the driving mechanism 18 may adopt an electromagnet structure to realize the movement of the second housing 113 relative to the first housing 111.
  • one of the first housing 111 and the second housing 113 may be provided with an electromagnet, and the other may be provided with a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. When the electromagnet is energized, a magnetic repulsive force is generated, thereby pushing the second housing 113 moves relative to the first housing 111.
  • the control of the driving mechanism 18 by the driving mechanism 18 and the processor is not necessary.
  • the movement of the second housing 113 relative to the first housing 111 can be achieved manually, that is, when the customer front-end device 10 is not in use, the second housing 113 is in the first position to enable the customer front-end device 10 Possesses good dust-proof and splash-proof performance; when the user needs to use the customer front-end device 10, the second housing 113 can be manually moved to the second position, so that the customer front-end device 10 has better heat dissipation performance .
  • the driving mechanism 18 may not be controlled by the processor.
  • the driving mechanism 18 drives the second housing 113 relative to the first
  • the housing 111 moves to a predetermined position to form a heat dissipation channel.
  • the driving mechanism 18 can no longer drive the second housing 113 to move relative to the first housing 111, and the second housing 113 will not be opposite until the customer front equipment 10 switches from the working state to the non-working state.
  • the first housing 111 moves to the first position.
  • the heat dissipation hole 103 is closed when in the first position, and it is difficult for dust, water, etc. to escape from the heat dissipation hole 103.
  • the customer front device 10 has better waterproof and splash-proof performance; in the second position, the heat dissipation hole 103 is opened and the fan 17 can guide the outside air through the heat dissipation hole 103 and the installation cavity 101 The air inside generates relative flow for heat exchange, and the customer front-end equipment 10 has better heat dissipation performance.
  • the first housing 111 is also provided with a vent 105 communicating with the installation cavity 101.
  • the fan 17 can guide the outside air from one of the heat dissipation hole 103 and the ventilation hole 105 into the installation cavity 101, and guide the air out of the other of the heat dissipation hole 103 and the ventilation hole 105, thereby realizing the outside world.
  • the vent holes 105 may be provided in multiple, and the vent holes 105 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the first housing 111 at intervals.
  • the second housing 113 is disposed at one end of the first housing 111, the vent 105 is located at the other end of the first housing 111, and the vent 105 is closer to the fan 17 than the heat dissipation hole 103.
  • the first housing 111 includes a base 111a and a side plate 111b connected to the base 111a.
  • the side plate 111b is cylindrical and covers the second housing 113, and the side plate 111b can move relative to the second housing 113 to make The second housing 113 is switched between the first position and the second position.
  • the base 111a, the side plate 111b and the second housing 113 form a mounting cavity 101, and the fan 17 is connected to the base 111a.
  • the fan 17 may be installed on the side plate 111b.
  • the side plate 111b covers the heat dissipation holes 103 of the second housing 113 to close the heat dissipation holes 103.
  • the heat dissipation holes 103 of the second housing 113 are partially or completely exposed to allow outside air to pass through.
  • the heat dissipation hole 103 and the air in the mounting cavity 101 generate relative flow and perform heat exchange.
  • the base 111 a and the side plate 111 b form a vent groove 107 communicating with the vent hole 105, and the vent groove 107 is exposed on the outer periphery of the housing 11.
  • the vent groove 107 extends in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface of the side plate 111b.
  • the vent hole 105 is blocked by the side plate 111b. That is, when the customer front equipment 10 is normally placed on a horizontal supporting surface, and when the customer front equipment 10 is viewed in a height direction perpendicular to the customer front equipment 10, the vent hole 105 is not visible.
  • the vent hole 105 is not visible.
  • the base 111a includes a baffle 111a1 and a bottom plate 111a2 connected to the baffle 111a1.
  • the baffle 111a1 covers one end of the side plate 111b away from the second housing 113.
  • the fan 17 may be connected to the bottom plate 111a2, and the vent hole 105 and the vent groove 107 may be located on the bottom plate 111a2.
  • the baffle 111a1, the side plate 111b and the second housing 113 form an installation cavity 101.
  • the baffle 111a1 and the bottom plate 111a2 form a stagnant cavity 109 spaced from the installation cavity 101, the vent hole 105 communicates with the stagnant cavity 109, and the stagnant cavity 109 communicates with the installation cavity 101.
  • the fan 17 can guide the outside air into the installation cavity 101 through the ventilation groove 107, the ventilation hole 105 and the stagnation cavity 109 in turn, and guide the air out of the customer front equipment through the heat dissipation hole 103 10.
  • the fan 17 can also be configured to guide air from the heat dissipation hole 103 into the installation cavity 101, and then flow out of the customer front equipment 10 through the stagnation cavity 109, the ventilation hole 105 and the ventilation groove 107 in sequence.
  • the arrangement of the stagnant cavity 109 can buffer the air flow, so as to promote the full contact of outside air with the air in the installation cavity 101 and heat exchange.
  • the second housing 113 is provided with a flange 113a on the side away from the mounting cavity 101.
  • the flange 113a abuts the side plate 111b in the first position, and protrudes in the second position.
  • the edge 113a is spaced from the end of the side plate 111b so that the heat dissipation hole 103 is exposed.
  • the arrangement of the flange 113a can limit the movement of the second housing 113 relative to the first housing 111, and when in the first position, the side plate 111b can be used to effectively shield the heat dissipation hole 103.
  • the surface of the flange 113a facing away from the mounting cavity 101 is flush with the surface of the side plate 111b facing away from the mounting cavity 101.
  • the cylindrical surface of the flange 113a and the cylindrical surface of the side plate 111b are joined to form a continuous contour surface in the first position.
  • the customer front-end device 10 has a high overall appearance, that is, this configuration can improve the appearance characteristics of the customer front-end device 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种客户前置设备(10)，包括外壳(11)，外壳(11)包括第一壳体(111)和第二壳体(113)，第二壳体(113)连接于第一壳体(111)且与第一壳体(111)形成安装空腔(101)。第二壳体(113)能够相对第一壳体(111)移动至第一位置和第二位置，在第一位置时第一壳体(111)与第二壳体(113)闭合，在第二位置时第一壳体(111)与第二壳体(113)形成连通安装空腔(101)与外界的散热通道。

Description

客户前置设备 技术领域
本发明涉及终端技术领域，特别是涉及一种客户前置设备。
背景技术
客户前置设备(Customer Premise Equipment，CPE)是用于接收移动信号并以无线WIFI信号转发出来的移动信号接入设备，能够将第一网络信号转换为第二网络信号，比如将4G或者5G信号转换成WiFi信号。客户前置设备在进行工作时，设备整体的温度会比较高。为解决散热问题，客户前置设备的外壳一般设有散热孔来进行散热，但客户前置设备的外壳上设置散热孔降低了客户前置设备的防水防尘的性能。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种客户前置设备。
一种客户前置设备，包括：
外壳，包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体连接于所述第一壳体且与所述第一壳体形成安装空腔；
所述第二壳体能够相对所述第一壳体移动至第一位置和第二位置，在第一位置时所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体闭合，在第二位置时所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体形成连通所述安装空腔与外界的散热通道。
一种客户前置设备，包括：
外壳，包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体连接于所述第一壳体且与所述第一壳体形成安装空腔；
驱动机构，连接于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体；
温度传感器，设于所述安装空腔且被配置为能够检测所述客户前置设备 的工作温度；及
处理器，与所述温度传感器和所述驱动机构通信连接；
所述处理器被配置为：
判断所述工作温度是否大于温度阈值；
以及当所述工作温度大于所述温度阈值时，控制所述驱动机构驱使所述第二壳体相对所述第一壳体移动，以形成连通所述安装空腔和外界的散热通道。
一种客户前置设备，包括：
外壳，包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体设于所述第一壳体的一端，所述第一壳体的相对的另一端设有通气孔；
电路板，设于所述外壳内；及
风扇，设于所述外壳内且与所述电路板电性连接；
所述第二壳体能够相对所述第一壳体移动以形成暴露于所述外壳的散热通道，所述散热通道经所述风扇连通于所述通气孔；所述第二壳体还能够相对所述第一壳体移动以遮蔽所述散热通道。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他实施例的附图。
图1为一实施例中无线通信系统架构的组成结构示意图；
图2为一实施例中客户前置设备的示意图，其中第二壳体处于第一位置；
图3为图2所示客户前置设备的示意图，其中第二壳体处于第二位置；
图4为图2所示客户前置设备的剖视图；
图5为图3所示客户前置设备的剖视图；
图6为图5所示客户前置设备的局部示意图；
图7为图5所示客户前置设备的另一局部示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳的实施例。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
可以理解，本发明所使用的术语“第一”“第二”等可在本文中用于描述各种元件，但这些元件不受这些术语限制。这些术语仅用于将第一个元件与另一个元件区分。举例来说，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可以将第一基站称为第二基站，且类似地，可将第二基站称为第一基站。第一基站和第二基站两者都是基站，但其不是同一基站。
参见图1，其示出了本发明实施例提供的一种网络系统架构的组成结构示意图。在图1所示的系统架构中，客户前置设备10可以与第一网络系统中的第一基站20连接，并通过第一基站20接入核心(core)网。此外，客户前置设备10的临近区域可能还部署有第二网络系统的小区和第二基站，也可能未部署有第二射频系统的小区和第二基站。其中，第一网络系统与第二网络系统不同，例如第一网络系统可以是4G系统，第二网络系统可以是5G系统；或者，第一网络系统可以是5G系统，第二网络系统可以是5G之后演进的未来PLMN系统；本发明实施例对第一网络系统和第二网络系统具体为哪种射频系统不作具体限定。
当客户前置设备10连接到5G通信系统时，该客户前置设备10可通过5G毫米波天线模块所形成的波束与对应第一基站20进行数据的发送和接收，而且该波束需要对准第一基站20的天线波束，以方便客户前置设备10向第一基站20发射上行数据或者接收第一基站20所发射的下行数据。
客户前置设备10用于实现网络接入功能，将运营商公网WAN转换到用户家庭局域网LAN。按目前的互联网宽带接入方式，可分为FTTH(光纤接 入)，DSL(数字电话线路接入)，Cable(有线电视线接入)，Mobile(移动接入，即无线CPE)。客户前置设备10是一种接收移动信号并以无线WIFI信号转发出来的移动信号接入设备，它也是一种可以将高速4G或者5G信号转换成WiFi信号的设备，可支持多个移动终端30接入网络。
参考图2、图3和图4，客户前置设备10包括外壳11、电路板12和射频系统，外壳11形成安装空腔101，电路板12可以集成处理器及相应的控制电路等，电路板12和射频系统安装于安装空腔101，并由外壳11起到支撑、定位和保护作用。在一些实施方式中，射频系统至少包括4G天线射频模组、5G天线射频模组和WiFi天线射频模组。其中，5G天线射频模组可进一步包括sub-6G天线射频模块和毫米波天线射频模块，sub-6G天线射频模块用于收发sub-6GHz频段的天线信号，毫米波天线射频模块用于收发毫米波频段的天线信号。毫米波天线射频模块可以提供连续100M以上的频宽和极大的数据吞吐量，以使客户前置设备10具有相对较高的通信性能。进一步，sub-6G天线射频模块包括射频收发器、多个射频前端模块和N支天线，其中，N为大于等于2的整数。N支天线可包括定向天线和/或全向天线。N支天线可以收发预设频段的射频信号，例如，N支天线可以为NR定向天线或NR全向天线，用于收发5G信号。其中，定向天线(Directional antenna)是指在某一个或某几个特定方向上发射及接收电磁波特别强，而在其他的方向上发射及接收电磁波则为零或极小的一种天线。全向天线在水平方向图上表现为360°均匀辐射，具有无方向性，在垂直方向图上表现为有一定宽度的波束，且一般情况下波瓣宽度越小，增益越大。
在一些实施方式中，外壳11大致呈圆筒状，客户前置设备10的外观主要由外壳11来呈现。在其他实施方式中，外壳11可以呈其他形状例如棱柱形等。参考图4，电路板12的长度延伸方向与外壳11的高度延伸方向一致，射频系统电性连接至电路板12。参考图2和图3，电路板12可以设置有多个暴露于外壳11的接口14，这些接口14与电路板12电性连接。在图2所示实施例中，接口14包括电源接口141、网线接口143、USB接口145等。电 源接口141用于接通外部电源以利用外部电源为客户前置设备10供电，USB接口145可用于客户前置设备10与外部设备的数据传输。当然，USB接口145和电源接口141可以集成为一体，以简化客户前置设备10的接口14的布置。网线接口143可以进一步包括有线网络接入端以及有线网络输出端。客户前置设备10可通过有线网络接入端连入网络，再通过一个或者多个有线网络输出端连接至其他设备。当然，在一些实施方式中，有线网络输出端可以缺省，即客户前置设备10采用有线网络输入端接入网络后，利用射频系统将有线网络转化为无线网络(例如WIFI)以供外部设备接入网络。当然，有线网络接入端和有线网络输出端均可以省略，在这种实施方式中，客户前置设备10可通过射频系统接入蜂窝网络(又称移动网络)，再转化为WiFi信号以供外部设备接入网络。
参考图2和图3，外壳11还可以设置按键15等结构，按键15用于控制客户前置设备10的工作状态。例如，用户按压按键15即可启动客户前置设备10或者关闭客户前置设备10。当然，外壳11还可以设置指示灯等器件以用于提示客户前置设备10的工作状态。在一些实施方式中，按键15和多个接口14设置于电路板12的同一侧并暴露于外壳11的同一侧，这种布置方式有利于按键15以及接口14与电路板12的组装，并提升客户前置设备10的外观特性，且能够提升使用的便利性。当然，这种设置可以替换为其他设置，例如，接口14与按键15可以分别暴露于外壳11的不同侧。
进一步，参考图4，客户前置设备10包括设置于安装空腔101的散热件16和风扇17，风扇17连接于外壳11并与电路板12电性连接。在一些实施方式中，风扇17为轴流风扇，且风扇17的转轴延伸方向平行于客户前置设备10的高度方向。在其他实施方式中，风扇17可以为离心风扇。散热件16采用散热性能较好的金属材料(例如铝合金)制成并连接于电路板12，散热件16具有相对较大的散热表面积，有利于将电路板12及其上的电子元器件在工作过程中产生的热较为迅速地散发至空气中。在一些实施方式中，散热件16的材质为铝合金。散热件16包括承板161和设置于承板161一侧的多 个散热片163，多个散热片163间隔设置于承板161的背离电路板12的一侧，承板161贴合电路板12设置。进一步，相邻两个散热片163形成的间隙沿外壳11的高度方向延伸，以使风扇17能够引导空气从相邻两个散热片163之间的间隙流过，以增加散热件16的散热面积，提升散热效率。进一步，在一些实施方式中，散热件16包括两个，两个散热件16分别设置于电路板12的相背的两侧，客户前置设备10的散热性能得以进一步提升。
参考图4和图5，外壳11包括第一壳体111和第二壳体113，第二壳体113连接于第一壳体111且与第一壳体111形成上述的安装空腔101，第一壳体111和第二壳体113中的至少一者设有散热孔103。第二壳体113能够相对第一壳体111移动至第一位置和第二位置。参考图4，在第一位置时第一壳体111与第二壳体113闭合；参考图5，在第二位置时散热孔103形成连通安装空腔101与外界的散热通道，风扇17能够引导外界空气通过散热孔103与安装空腔101内的空气产生相对流动以进行热交换。具体地，当客户前置设备10处于未使用状态或者发热功率较低时，第二壳体113可以处于第一位置。第一位置的客户前置设备10正常放置于支撑物例如水平的桌面上时，水、灰尘等不易进入客户前置设备10内。当客户前置设备10处于使用状态且发热功率较高时，客户前置设备10可以处于第二位置，在第二位置时风扇17能够引导外界空气通过散热孔103与安装空腔101内的空气产生相对流动以进行热交换，进而提升客户前置设备10的散热性能。当然，可以理解的是，风扇17不是必须的，散热通道形成后，安装空腔101的空气即可通过散热通道与外界空气产生相对流动以利于客户前置设备10散热。
在一些实施方式中，第一壳体111套设第二壳体113，且散热孔103位于第二壳体113，在第一位置时，散热孔103被第一壳体111遮蔽。进一步，在本发明实施方式中，第二壳体113呈圆筒状，散热孔103设置有多个，多个散热孔103间隔分布于第二壳体113的外周。在其他实施方式中，散热孔103可以位于第一壳体111，或者第一壳体111和第二壳体113均设置散热孔103。可以理解的是，在其他实施方式中，散热孔103不是必须的。例如，第一壳 体111和第二壳体113可以不设置散热孔103，在第二位置时第二壳体113与第一壳体111形成连通安装空腔101与外界的间隔；在第一位置第一壳体111与第二壳体113闭合时，该间隔消失。该间隔即可作为散热通道，以供安装空腔101的空气与外界空气产生相对流动，以利于客户前置设备10的散热。在第一壳体111或者第二壳体113设置散热孔103的实施方式中，散热通道即由暴露的那部分散热孔103形成。
参考图5和图6，在一些实施方式中，客户前置设备10包括驱动机构18，驱动机构18连接于第一壳体111和第二壳体113以驱使第二壳体113在第一位置和第二位置之间切换，且驱动机构18电性连接于电路板。具体地，参考图6，在一些实施方式中，驱动机构18包括电机181、丝杆183和支撑块185，电机181、丝杆183固定连接于第一壳体111，支撑块185固定连接于第二壳体113，且支撑块185与丝杆183啮合。电机181电性连接于电路板12且能够驱使丝杆183转动以驱使支撑块185沿客户前置设备10的高度方向移动，进而带动第二壳体113相对第一壳体111移动，以使第二壳体113在第一位置和第二位置之间切换。进一步，电机181可以为步进电机181，以使驱动机构18能够获得较高的控制精度。
进一步，客户前置设备10内可以在安装空腔101设置温度传感器，处理器与温度传感器及驱动机构18通信连接，温度传感器被配置为能够检测客户前置设备10工作温度。具体地，在客户前置设备10工作时，工作温度可以是某些器件(例如电路板12或者处理器或者电路板12上的其他电子器件)的温度，也可以是安装空腔101内空气的温度，还可以是通过某几个温度值计算得出的综合参数。处理器被配置为能够判断该工作温度是否大于某一预设的温度阈值，当客户前置设备10的工作温度大于该温度阈值时，处理器控制驱动机构18工作，即处理器接通驱动机构18的控制电路，驱动机构18启动并驱使第二壳体113相对第一壳体111移动，以形成连通安装空腔101和外界的散热通道。当客户前置设备10的工作温度小于等于该预设的温度阈值时，驱动机构18的控制电路处于断开状态，驱动机构18不工作以降低客户 前置设备10的能耗。
在客户前置设备10包括风扇17的实施方式中，风扇17可以与处理器通信连接，处理器可以被配置为能够控制风扇17的工作状态，以在工作温度大于温度阈值时，接通风扇17的控制电路，利用风扇17增强安装空腔101内的空气与外界空气的相对流动，以提升客户前置设备10的散热性能。当客户前置设备10的工作温度小于等于预设的温度阈值时，风扇17的控制电路可以处于断开状态，风扇17不工作以降低客户前置设备10的能耗。当然，风扇17可以不受处理器控制，当驱动机构18驱使第二壳体113相对第一壳体111移动并形成散热通道后，风扇17即启动。
结合温度传感器的设置，处理器还可以进一步被配置为能够根据工作温度超出温度阈值的幅度调整第二壳体113相对第一壳体111的移动距离，进而调整散热通道的尺寸。例如，在第二壳体113设置散热孔103时，通过调整第二壳体113相对第一壳体111的移动距离，即可调整散热孔103暴露的尺寸，暴露的那部分散热孔103即形成散热通道，也即散热通道的尺寸可以根据工作温度超出温度阈值的幅度进行调整。工作温度超出温度阈值的幅度可以有多种衡量方式，例如，该超出幅度可以用工作温度与温度阈值的差值来确定，亦可用工作温度与温度阈值的比值来确定，或者由工作温度超出温度阈值的百分比来确定，还可以由其他计算方式确定。
在客户前置设备10的工作过程中，当客户前置设备10的工作温度大于预设的温度阈值且工作温度继续上升时，处理器可以控制驱动机构18继续工作以驱使第二壳体113相对第一壳体111移动并使散热通道的尺寸增大，例如使散热孔103暴露的尺寸增大，进而增大气流量，以实现客户前置设备10的自动化散热，并提升客户前置设备10的散热性能。进一步，当工作温度大于预设的温度阈值，且散热通道的尺寸达到最大值时，驱动机构18不再继续工作，以防止零部件的损坏。
进一步，当客户前置设备10的工作温度大于预设的温度阈值且工作温度下降时，处理器也可以进一步被配置为能够控制驱动机构18工作以减小散热 通道的尺寸。当然，这种配置不是必须的。例如，处理器还可被配置为：当检测到工作温度大于预设的温度阈值，且散热通道的尺寸达到最大值时，不控制驱动机构工作。示例性地，在某一时刻T0，客户前置设备10的工作温度大于预设的温度阈值，散热通道的尺寸达到最大值，尽管在T0之后的时刻，客户前置设备10的工作温度下降，驱动机构18可以不工作，而使散热通道的尺寸保持在T0时的状态。这种配置可以避免驱动机构18的频繁启动，以避免散热通道的尺寸不稳定，且可以减小机械零部件的磨损、增加驱动机构18及相关零部件的使用寿命。
进一步，参考图6，在一些实施方式中，电路板12的背离风扇17的一端设有缺口121，驱动机构18设置于缺口121。这种结构设置使得电路板12能够充分利用客户前置设备10的内部空间，提升了内部元器件布置的紧凑性。当然，在其他实施方式中，电路板12可以不设置缺口121，驱动机构18设于电路板12的背离风扇17的一端即可。可以理解的是，驱动机构18可以连接于电路板12并由电路板12支撑好定位。例如，电路板12可以连接支架，支架固定连接于驱动机构18的电机181。
当然，在一些实施方式中，结合温度传感器的设置，风扇17也可以被配置为能够根据温度调整转速，进而调整气流量以提升客户前置设备10的散热性能。例如，当客户前置设备10的工作温度大于预设的温度阈值且工作温度继续上升时，处理器调整风扇17的转速，使得风扇17的转速增大，进而提升客户前置设备10的散热性能。示例性地，当工作温度大于预设的温度阈值时，可以将工作温度划分成两个以上的温度区间，并根据温度区间确定风扇17的转速。对应某一温度区间的工作温度，风扇17的转速保持不变，这种配置可以避免风扇17的转速不稳定而影响风扇17的使用寿命。
在本发明实施方式中，电机181的输出轴的延伸方向与客户前置设备10的高度方向平行。在其他实施方式中，驱动机构18可以具有其他形式。例如，电机181的输出轴的延伸方向可以垂直于客户前置设备10的高度方向。又如，驱动机构18可以采用齿轮齿条传动结构实现第二壳体113相对第一壳体111 的移动。再如，驱动机构18可以采用电磁铁结构实现第二壳体113相对第一壳体111的移动。具体地，第一壳体111和第二壳体113中的一者可以设有电磁铁，另一者设有永磁铁或者电磁铁，在电磁铁通电时产生磁斥力，进而推动第二壳体113相对第一壳体111移动。
可以理解的是，驱动机构18及处理器对驱动机构18的控制不是必须的。例如，第二壳体113相对第一壳体111的移动可以通过手动方式实现，即在客户前置设备10处于未使用状态时，第二壳体113处于第一位置以使客户前置设备10具备较好的防尘、防泼溅性能；当用户需要使用客户前置设备10时，可以手动将第二壳体113移动至第二位置，以使客户前置设备10具有较好的散热性能。又如，驱动机构18可以不受处理器控制，在客户前置设备10从非工作状态切换至工作状态例如客户前置设备10被启动时，驱动机构18即驱使第二壳体113相对第一壳体111移动至某一预设位置以形成散热通道。在此后的工作过程中，驱动机构18可以不再驱使第二壳体113相对第一壳体111移动，直至客户前置设备10从工作状态切换至非工作状态时，第二壳体113才相对第一壳体111移动至第一位置。
上述客户前置设备10，由于第二壳体113能够相对第一壳体111移动至第一位置和第二位置，在第一位置时散热孔103被关闭，灰尘、水等不易从散热孔103进入客户前置设备10内，客户前置设备10具有较好的防水、防泼溅性能；在第二位置时散热孔103被打开且风扇17能够引导外界空气通过散热孔103与安装空腔101内的空气产生相对流动以进行热交换，客户前置设备10具备较好的散热性能。
参考图7，第一壳体111还设有与安装空腔101连通的通气孔105。在第二位置时风扇17能够引导外界空气从散热孔103和通气孔105中的一者流入安装空腔101，并引导空气从散热孔103和通气孔105中的另一者流出，进而实现外界空气与安装空腔101内部空气的热交换。在一些实施方式中，通气孔105可以设置为多个，多个通气孔105间隔分布于第一壳体111的周向。进一步，第二壳体113设置于第一壳体111的一端，通气孔105位于第一壳 体111的另一端，通气孔105相比散热孔103更靠近风扇17。
进一步，第一壳体111包括底座111a和连接于底座111a的侧板111b，侧板111b呈圆筒状且套设第二壳体113，且侧板111b能够相对第二壳体113移动以使第二壳体113在第一位置和第二位置之间切换。结合图6，底座111a、侧板111b和第二壳体113形成安装空腔101，风扇17连接于底座111a。当然，在其他实施方式中，风扇17可以安装于侧板111b。在第一位置时侧板111b覆盖第二壳体113的散热孔103以使散热孔103关闭，在第二位置时第二壳体113的散热孔103部分或者全部暴露，以使外界空气能够通过散热孔103与安装空腔101内的空气产生相对流动并进行热交换。
进一步，底座111a与侧板111b形成与通气孔105连通的通气槽107，通气槽107暴露于外壳11的外周。在侧板111b呈圆筒状的实施方式中，通气槽107沿侧板111b的圆柱面的周向延伸。在客户前置设备10的高度方向上，通气孔105被侧板111b遮挡。即当客户前置设备10正常放置于水平支撑面时，沿垂直于客户前置设备10的高度方向正视于客户前置设备10时，通气孔105不可见。进一步，在本发明实施方式中，沿客户前置设备10的高度方向俯视客户前置设备10时，通气孔105不可见。这种结构设置，灰尘、水等不易从通气孔105进入客户前置设备10内，客户前置设备10可以获得较好的防尘、放泼溅性能。
进一步，底座111a包括挡板111a1和连接于挡板111a1的底板111a2，挡板111a1覆盖于侧板111b的远离第二壳体113的一端，通气孔105、通气槽107均位于底板111a2，风扇17连接于挡板111a1。当然，在其他实施方式中，风扇17可以连接于底板111a2，通气孔105、通气槽107可以位于底板111a2。挡板111a1、侧板111b与第二壳体113形成安装空腔101。进一步，挡板111a1与底板111a2形成与安装空腔101间隔的滞气腔109，通气孔105连通滞气腔109，滞气腔109连通安装空腔101。在第二壳体113处于第二位置时，风扇17可以引导外界空气依次经通气槽107、通气孔105和滞气腔109进入安装空腔101，并引导空气从散热孔103流出客户前置设备10。当然， 风扇17也可以配置为能够引导空气从散热孔103进入安装空腔101，再依次经由滞气腔109、通气孔105和通气槽107流出客户前置设备10。滞气腔109的设置，可以对气流起到缓冲作用，以促使外界空气与安装空腔101内的空气充分接触并进行热交换。
参考图6，在一些实施方式中，第二壳体113于背离安装空腔101的一侧设有凸缘113a，在第一位置时凸缘113a抵接侧板111b，在第二位置时凸缘113a与侧板111b的末端形成间隔以使散热孔103暴露。凸缘113a的设置，可以对第二壳体113的相对第一壳体111的移动进行限位，且在第一位置时，可以利用侧板111b有效地遮蔽散热孔103。进一步，在一些实施方式中，第二壳体113在第一位置时，凸缘113a的背离安装空腔101的表面与侧板111b的背离安装空腔101的表面平齐。以第一壳体111和第二壳体113均呈圆筒状为例，在第一位置时凸缘113a的圆柱面与侧板111b的圆柱面接合并形成连续的轮廓表面，在第一位置时客户前置设备10具有较高的外观整体性，即这种设置可以提升客户前置设备10的外观特性。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种客户前置设备，包括：
    外壳，包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体连接于所述第一壳体且与所述第一壳体形成安装空腔；
    所述第二壳体能够相对所述第一壳体移动至第一位置和第二位置，在第一位置时所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体闭合，在第二位置时所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体形成连通所述安装空腔与外界的散热通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述第一壳体套设所述第二壳体，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体中的至少一者设有散热孔，在第二位置时所述散热孔连通所述安装空腔和外界以形成所述散热通道，在第一位置时所述散热孔被遮蔽。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述第一壳体设有与所述安装空腔连通的通气孔，所述通气孔连通外界。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述第一壳体包括底座和连接于所述底座的侧板，所述侧板套设所述第二壳体且能够相对所述第二壳体移动以使所述第二壳体在第一位置和第二位置之间切换，所述底座、所述侧板和所述第二壳体形成所述安装空腔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述底座与所述侧板形成与所述通气孔连通的通气槽，所述通气槽暴露；在所述客户前置设备的高度方向上，所述通气孔被所述侧板遮挡。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述底座包括挡板和连接于所述挡板的底板，所述通气孔、所述通气槽均位于所述底板所述挡板、所述侧板与所述第二壳体形成所述安装空腔；所述挡板与所述底板形成与所述安装空腔间隔的滞气腔，所述通气孔连通所述滞气腔，所述滞气腔连通所述安装空腔。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述第二壳体于背离所述安装空腔的一侧设有凸缘，在第一位置时所述凸缘抵接所述侧板， 在第二位置时所述凸缘与所述侧板的末端形成间隔以使所述散热孔暴露。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述客户前置设备包括设于所述安装空腔的电路板和散热件，所述散热件包括承板和连接于所述承板的多个散热片，所述承板贴合所述电路板，多个所述散热片间隔设置于所述承板的背离所述电路板的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述客户前置设备包括风扇，所述风扇设于所述安装空腔。
  10. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述客户前置设备包括驱动机构，所述驱动机构连接于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体以驱使所述第二壳体在第一位置和第二位置之间切换。
  11. 一种客户前置设备，包括：
    外壳，包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体连接于所述第一壳体且与所述第一壳体形成安装空腔；
    驱动机构，连接于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体；
    温度传感器，设于所述安装空腔且被配置为能够检测所述客户前置设备的工作温度；及
    处理器，与所述温度传感器和所述驱动机构通信连接；
    所述处理器被配置为：
    判断所述工作温度是否大于温度阈值；
    以及当所述工作温度大于所述温度阈值时，控制所述驱动机构驱使所述第二壳体相对所述第一壳体移动，以形成连通所述安装空腔和外界的散热通道。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述处理器进一步被配置为：
    确定所述工作温度超出所述温度阈值的幅度，以及根据超出幅度确定所述第二壳体相对所述第一壳体的移动距离，所述移动距离用来调整所述散热通道的尺寸。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述第一壳体套设所述第二壳体，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体中的至少一者设有散热孔，所述第二壳体相对所述第一壳体移动以改变所述散热孔暴露的尺寸，且暴露的所述散热孔形成所述散热通道。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述客户前置设备包括风扇，所述风扇设于所述安装空腔，所述风扇与所述处理器通信连接；所述处理器进一步被配置为：当所述工作温度大于所述温度阈值时，控制所述风扇工作。
  15. 一种客户前置设备，包括：
    外壳，包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体设于所述第一壳体的一端，所述第一壳体的相对的另一端设有通气孔；
    电路板，设于所述外壳内；及
    风扇，设于所述外壳内且与所述电路板电性连接；
    所述第二壳体能够相对所述第一壳体移动以形成暴露于所述外壳的散热通道，所述散热通道经所述风扇连通于所述通气孔；所述第二壳体还能够相对所述第一壳体移动以遮蔽所述散热通道。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述第一壳体套设所述第二壳体，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体中的至少一者设有散热孔，所述散热孔用于形成所述散热通道。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述第一壳体的远离所述第二壳体的一端设有与所述通气孔连通的通气槽，所述通气槽暴露于所述第一壳体且环绕所述第一壳体设置。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述第一壳体设有连通至所述风扇的滞气腔，所述通气槽、所述通气孔与所述滞气腔顺次连通。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述客户前置设备包括处理器、温度传感器及驱动机构，所述处理器与所述温度传感器、 所述驱动机构通信连接，所述处理器电性连接于所述电路板，所述驱动机构连接于所述第一外壳和所述第二外壳，所述温度传感器用于检测所述客户前置设备的工作温度；所述处理器被配置为：
    判断所述工作温度是否大于温度阈值；
    以及当所述工作温度大于所述温度阈值时，控制所述驱动机构驱使所述第二壳体相对所述第一壳体移动，以形成所述散热通道。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的客户前置设备，其特征在于，所述处理器进一步被配置为：
    确定所述工作温度超出所述温度阈值的幅度，以及根据超出幅度确定所述第二壳体相对所述第一壳体的移动距离，所述移动距离用来调整所述散热通道的尺寸。
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