WO2021169398A1 - 一种新型喷枪喷头 - Google Patents

一种新型喷枪喷头 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021169398A1
WO2021169398A1 PCT/CN2020/127487 CN2020127487W WO2021169398A1 WO 2021169398 A1 WO2021169398 A1 WO 2021169398A1 CN 2020127487 W CN2020127487 W CN 2020127487W WO 2021169398 A1 WO2021169398 A1 WO 2021169398A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
annular
spray gun
air inlet
annular nozzle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/127487
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘俊杰
王茜雯
Original Assignee
天津大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 天津大学 filed Critical 天津大学
Priority to US17/632,456 priority Critical patent/US20220266283A1/en
Publication of WO2021169398A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021169398A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/18—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area using fluids, e.g. gas streams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2405—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle
    • B05B7/2435—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle the carried liquid and the main stream of atomising fluid being brought together by parallel conduits placed one inside the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/063—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet one fluid being sucked by the other
    • B05B7/064—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet one fluid being sucked by the other the liquid being sucked by the gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of fluid technology, relates to a complex jet technology in which a central jet and an annular jet interact with each other, and is specifically a new type of spray gun nozzle.
  • Air spraying does not have many requirements for paint or to be coated.
  • the spraying equipment is easy and flexible to operate.
  • the spraying shape and amplitude can be adjusted freely according to the shape and size of the workpiece. It is the most widely applicable in the spraying method, and it is sprayed by air spray guns.
  • the particle size of the paint mist particles is small, and the quality of the paint film is smooth, delicate and beautiful. Therefore, it is a widely used coating technology and is usually used for topcoat spraying to obtain a higher decorative effect.
  • the spraying volume of the spray gun is not large at a time, and it will produce periodic wave-like sprays during the spraying operation.
  • the spraying flow field is a high-speed jet flow field, and the nozzle outlet will generate a large speed.
  • the spraying process it will be relatively static with the surrounding air. A large amount of momentum exchange, resulting in a large speed attenuation. Therefore, during the spraying process, some paint mist particles will diffuse into the surrounding air and contaminate the workshop due to the low speed, and cannot reach the surface of the object being sprayed.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the defects and deficiencies in the traditional air spray gun technology and provide a new spray gun nozzle, thereby solving the problem of escape during the painting process and greatly improving the environment of the painting workshop.
  • the present disclosure is implemented by a technical solution consisting of the following technical measures:
  • the present disclosure provides a new spray gun nozzle, including:
  • the hood is located outside the center nozzle and connected to the spray gun;
  • annular nozzle is sleeved on the hood and connected with the hood; the annular nozzle includes:
  • the second tube body is sheathed and arranged with the first tube body
  • annular bottom surface connected to one end of the first tube body and one end of the second tube body; the first tube body, the second tube body and the annular bottom surface form an annular cavity;
  • the air inlet of the annular nozzle is arranged on the annular bottom surface, and the air inlet of the annular nozzle is communicated with the annular cavity;
  • the inlet pipe of the annular nozzle is connected with the inlet of the annular nozzle.
  • the pipe diameter of the first pipe body is larger than the pipe diameter of the second pipe body.
  • the difference between the pipe diameter of the first pipe body and the pipe diameter of the second pipe body is 1 mm to 3 mm.
  • the number of the air inlets of the annular nozzle is at least two.
  • the air inlets of the annular nozzle are evenly distributed on the annular bottom surface.
  • the inner wall of the annular nozzle and the outer wall of the hood are provided with threads, and the annular nozzle and the hood are threadedly connected.
  • the inner wall of the air inlet of the annular nozzle and the outer wall of the air inlet of the annular nozzle are provided with threads, and the air inlet of the annular nozzle and the air inlet of the annular nozzle are threadedly connected.
  • a sealing gasket which is arranged between the annular nozzle air inlet pipe and the annular nozzle air inlet.
  • the central nozzle is connected to the feed tank through a pipeline.
  • a central nozzle air inlet which is connected to the inner cavity of the gun body through the gun handle, and air enters through the central nozzle air inlet to atomize the paint sprayed from the central nozzle.
  • the beneficial effect of the present disclosure is that the annular air curtain is activated while the center nozzle is spraying the paint, the air inlet of the annular nozzle sucks air from the air intake device through the air inlet of the annular nozzle, and the air enters the first tube body and the second tube body
  • the annular cavity between the annular cavity is then ejected from the annular cavity to form an annular air curtain to reach the working surface, forming a tight annular protective airflow around the central nozzle, preventing the exchange of momentum between the central jet and the surrounding air, thereby making the central jet flow path
  • the speed distribution is uniform, which reduces the problems of escape and environmental pollution, and improves the utilization rate of the coating.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disclosed patent
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular nozzle.
  • the new spray gun nozzle provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure includes: a hood 2, an annular nozzle 3, and an annular nozzle intake pipe 5.
  • the hood 2 is located outside the central nozzle 1 and is connected to the spray gun.
  • the annular nozzle inlet pipe 5 is connected with the annular nozzle inlet 3-4.
  • the central nozzle 1, the hood 2 and the annular nozzle 3 are arranged coaxially from the inside to the outside.
  • the new spray gun nozzle provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: the central nozzle air inlet 4 is connected to the inner cavity of the gun body 8 through the gun handle 7, and air enters through the central nozzle air inlet to mist the paint sprayed from the central nozzle ⁇ Treatment.
  • the annular nozzle 3 includes: a first tube body 3-1, a second tube body 3-2, an annular bottom surface 3-3, and an annular nozzle air inlet 3-4.
  • the first tube body 3-1 and the second tube body 3-2 are arranged in a sleeve.
  • the annular bottom surface 3-3 is connected to one end of the first tube body 3-1 and one end of the second tube body 3-2, the first tube body 3-1, the second tube body 3-2 and the annular bottom surface 3-3 Form an annular cavity.
  • the annular nozzle air inlet 3-4 is arranged on the annular bottom surface 3-3, and the annular nozzle air inlet 3-4 is in communication with the annular cavity.
  • the pipe diameter of the first pipe body 3-1 is larger than the pipe diameter of the second pipe body 3-2, and the first pipe body 3-1 and the second pipe body 3-2 are arranged coaxially, and Both the first tube body 3-1 and the second tube body 3-2 are connected to the same side of the annular bottom surface 3-3.
  • the inner wall of the second pipe body 3-2 of the annular nozzle 3 and the air cap 2 are provided with threads, and the annular nozzle 3 and the air cap 2 are connected by threads.
  • an annular nozzle 3 is installed on the hood 2 of the existing air spray gun, and the thread is the key to connecting the annular nozzle 3 and the hood 2.
  • the inner wall of the annular nozzle inlet 3-4 and the outer wall of the annular nozzle inlet pipe 5 are provided with threads, and the annular nozzle inlet 3-4 and the annular nozzle inlet pipe 5 are connected by threads .
  • At least two annular nozzle air inlets 3-4 are evenly distributed on the annular bottom surface 3-3 to ensure that the gas is sucked more evenly.
  • the paint when the air spray gun is working, the paint is sprayed from the center nozzle 1 from the paint tank 6 through the pipeline, and the air is sprayed from the gun body 8 through the center nozzle air inlet 4, and the center nozzle 1 forms the main jet. That is, the center jet, the speed of the center jet is, for example, about 60 m/s, the working pressure is, for example, 2 to 4 atm, and the corresponding flow rate is about 96 L/Min.
  • the diameter of the first tube body 3-1 of the annular nozzle 3 is, for example, 36 mm, and the diameter of the second tube body 3-2 is, for example, 35 mm, forming an annular air cavity of 1 mm.
  • the annular nozzle 3 and the central nozzle 1 work at the same time to form an annular jet with a flow velocity of, for example, 60m/s.
  • the annular jet is ejected from the hollow pipe to the working surface, forming a tight annular protective airflow around the central nozzle 1 to prevent the central jet
  • the momentum exchange with the surrounding air makes the radial velocity distribution of the central jet uniform, reduces the problems of escape and environmental pollution, and improves the utilization rate of the paint.

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  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

一种新型喷枪喷头，由于传统喷枪在喷涂过程中会出现漆料逃逸、喷涂不均匀问题，在传统喷枪结构的基础上加以改进，通过在喷枪的风帽（2）上增设环形喷管（3），形成环形喷雾，作为保护气流，能够阻止中心喷雾卷吸周围空气，保证其径向速度分布均匀。与目前使用较多的传统喷枪相比较，提供的新型喷枪喷头的结构变化不大，改进需要增设的部件不多，且工艺加工容易实现，解决了由于漆料逃逸产生的漆料浪费、危害工作人员等问题，提升喷漆工作的效率。

Description

一种新型喷枪喷头 技术领域
本公开属于流体技术领域，涉及中心射流与环形射流相互影响的复杂射流技术，具体为一种新型喷枪喷头。
背景技术
压缩空气使涂料雾化成细小漆滴，在气流带动下喷涂到被涂物表面的喷涂工具。空气喷涂不论是对涂料还是被涂物都没有较多要求，喷涂设备操作简单灵活，可随工件形状大小随意调节喷涂形状和幅度，在喷涂方式中是适用场合最广的，而且空气喷枪喷涂的漆雾颗粒粒径小，漆膜质量光滑、细腻、美观，因此是目前广泛应用的一种涂装技术，且通常用于面漆喷涂获得较高的装饰性效果。
喷枪一次喷涂量不大，在喷涂作业中会产生周期性的波浪状喷雾，喷涂流场属于高速射流流场，喷嘴出口处会产生较大速度，在喷涂过程中会与周围相对静止的空气进行大量的动量交换，产生较大的速度衰减。因此在喷涂过程中会有些漆雾颗粒因为速度较低会扩散到周围空气中污染作业车间，不能达到被喷涂的物体表面。同时对于垂直、带角度或者弧度的物体表面喷涂时会产生反向速度，即出现毯式反向回旋流场，此时也会带走大量小粒径的漆雾颗粒，利用率在40％以下，大量的有毒漆雾颗粒和挥发的有机溶剂扩散到周围空气中，对于喷漆工人身体健康和喷漆车间的环境都造成极大危害。
因此，对喷枪进行改进，减少逃逸，增加涂料的利用率，减少涂料消耗成本以及环境和健康的问题的改善都是十分重要的。目前现有使用的大多数喷枪，尤其是工业如汽车行业的喷涂设备都依赖进口，核心技术掌握在一些国际知名喷枪品牌中，目前在这方面的实验和理论研究都十分匮乏。因此对于喷枪的喷涂机理以及喷涂流场特征的研究为后续改进喷枪提高喷涂效率是十分有必要的。
发明内容
本公开的目的是为了克服传统空气喷枪技术中所存在的缺陷和不足，提供一种新型喷射枪喷头，从而解决了喷漆过程中的逃逸问题，极大的改进了喷漆车间的环境。
为实现本公开的目的，本公开是由以下技术措施构成的技术方案来实现的：
本公开提供了一种新型喷枪喷头，包括：
风帽，位于中心喷嘴外，且与喷枪连接；
环形喷管，套设在所述风帽上，且与所述风帽连接；所述环形喷管包括：
第一管体；
第二管体，与所述第一管体套设布置；
环状底面，与所述第一管体的一端和所述第二管体的一端连接；所述第一管体、所述第二管体和所述环状底面形成环状腔体；
环形喷管进气口，设置在所述环状底面上，且所述环形喷管进气口与所述环状腔体相连通；
环形喷管进气管，与所述环形喷管进气口相连。
可选地，所述第一管体的管径大于所述第二管体的管径。
可选地，所述第一管体的管径与所述第二管体的管径的差为1mm～3mm。
可选地，所述环形喷管进气口的数量为至少两个。
可选地，所述环形喷管进气口在所述环状底面上均匀分布。
可选地，所述环形喷管的内壁和所述风帽的外壁设有螺纹，所述环形喷管和所述风帽螺纹连接。
可选地，所述环形喷管进气口的内壁和所述环形喷管进气管的外壁设有螺纹，所述环形喷管进气口和所述环形喷管进气管螺纹连接。
可选地，还包括：密封垫，设置在所述环形喷管进气管和所述环形喷管进气口间。
可选地，所述中心喷嘴与进料罐通过管路相连。
可选地，还包括：中心喷嘴进气口，通过枪柄与枪身内腔相连，空气通过所述中心喷嘴进气口进入，对所述中心喷嘴喷出的涂料进行雾化处理。
本公开的有益效果在于，中心喷嘴喷涂涂料的同时，环形空气幕启动，环形喷管进气口通过环形喷管进气管从进气装置中吸入空气，空气进入第一管体与第二管体之间的环状腔体，再从环状腔体喷出形成环形空气幕到达作业面，在中心喷嘴周围形成严密的环形保护气流，防止中心射流与周围空气的动量交换，从而使中心射流径向速度分布均匀，减少了逃逸和环境污染的问题，提高了涂料的利用率。
附图说明
图1为本公开专利结构示意图；
图2为环形喷管的结构示意图。
附图标记：中心喷嘴1；风帽2；环形喷管3；中心喷嘴进气口4；环形喷管进气管5；涂料罐6；枪柄7；枪身8；第一管体3-1；第二管体3-2；环状底面3-3；环形喷管进气口3-4。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本公开做进一步的详细说明。
如图1-2所示，本公开实施例提供的新型喷枪喷头包括：风帽2、环形喷管3和环形喷管进气管5。风帽2位于中心喷嘴1外，且与喷枪连接。环形喷管进气管5与环形喷管进气口3-4相连。所述中心喷嘴1、风帽2和环形喷管3由内向外同轴设置。本公开实施例提供的新型喷枪喷头还包括：中心喷嘴进气口4通过枪柄7与枪身8内腔相连，空气通过所述中心喷嘴进气口进入，对中心喷嘴喷出的涂料进行雾化处理。
环形喷管3包括：第一管体3-1、第二管体3-2、环状底面3-3和环形喷管进气口3-4。第一管体3-1和第二管体3-2套设布置。环状底面3-3与第一管体3-1的一端和第二管体3-2的一端连接，第一管体3-1、第二管体3-2和环状底面3-3形成环状腔体。环形喷管进气口3-4设置在环状底面3-3上，且环形喷管进气口3-4与环状腔体相连通。
作为本公开的一个实施例，第一管体3-1的管径大于第二管体3-2的管径，第一管体3-1和第二管体3-2同轴设置，且第一管体3-1和第二管体3-2均与环状底面3-3的同侧连接。
作为本公开的一个实施例，环形喷管3的第二管体3-2内壁与风帽2上设有螺纹，环形喷管3与风帽2通过螺纹连接。本公开在现有空气喷枪的风帽2上安装了环形喷管3，同时螺纹是连接环形喷管3和风帽2的关键。
作为本公开的进一步改进，所述环形喷管进气口3-4内壁和环形喷管进气管5外壁设有螺纹，环形喷管进气口3-4与环形喷管进气管5通过螺纹连接。至少两个环形喷管进气口3-4均匀分布在环状底面3-3上，确保气体被吸入的更均匀。
本公开的实施例中，当空气喷枪工作时，涂料由涂料罐6通过管路从中心喷嘴1喷射出来，空气从枪身8中通过中心喷嘴进气口4喷射出来，中心喷嘴1形成主射流即中心射流，中心射流的速度例如约为60m/s，工作压力例如为2～4atm，对应的流量为96L/Min左右。
环形喷管3的第一管体3-1直径例如为36mm，第二管体3-2的直径例如为35mm，形成1mm的环形气腔。环形喷管3与中心喷嘴1同时工作，形成出流速度例如为60m/s的环形射流，环形射流从空心管喷出到达作业面，在中心喷嘴1周围形成严密的环形保护气流，防止中心射流与周围空气的动量交换，从而使中心射流径向速度分布均匀，减少了逃逸和环境污染的问题，提高了涂料的利用率。
以上所述本公开的具体实施方式，并不构成对本公开保护范围的限定。任何根据本公开的技术构思所作出的各种其他相应的改变与变形，均应包含在本公开权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型喷枪喷头，包括：
    风帽，位于中心喷嘴外，且与喷枪连接；
    环形喷管，套设在所述风帽上，且与所述风帽连接；所述环形喷管包括：
    第一管体；
    第二管体，与所述第一管体套设布置；
    环状底面，与所述第一管体的一端和所述第二管体的一端连接；所述第一管体、所述第二管体和所述环状底面形成环状腔体；以及
    环形喷管进气口，设置在所述环状底面上，且所述环形喷管进气口与所述环状腔体相连通；以及
    环形喷管进气管，与所述环形喷管进气口相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，所述第一管体的管径大于所述第二管体的管径。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，所述第一管体的管径与所述第二管体的管径的差为1mm～3mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，所述环形喷管进气口的数量为至少两个。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，所述环形喷管进气口在所述环状底面上均匀分布。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，所述环形喷管的内壁和所述风帽的外壁设有螺纹，所述环形喷管和所述风帽螺纹连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，所述环形喷管进气口的内壁和所述环形喷管进气管的外壁设有螺纹，所述环形喷管进气口和所述环形喷管进气管螺纹连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，还包括：密封垫，设置在所述环形喷管进气管和所述环形喷管进气口间。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，所述中心喷嘴与进料罐通过管路相连。
  10. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的一种新型喷枪喷头，其中，还包括：
    中心喷嘴进气口，通过枪柄与枪身内腔相连，空气通过所述中心喷嘴进气口进入，对所述中心喷嘴喷出的涂料进行雾化处理。
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