WO2021147942A1 - 一种锦纶56纤维及织物的碱性浸染染色方法 - Google Patents

一种锦纶56纤维及织物的碱性浸染染色方法 Download PDF

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WO2021147942A1
WO2021147942A1 PCT/CN2021/073027 CN2021073027W WO2021147942A1 WO 2021147942 A1 WO2021147942 A1 WO 2021147942A1 CN 2021073027 W CN2021073027 W CN 2021073027W WO 2021147942 A1 WO2021147942 A1 WO 2021147942A1
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dyeing
dye
vat
nylon
dyes
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French (fr)
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郝新敏
郭亚飞
梁高勇
李茂辉
闫金龙
乔荣荣
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军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所
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Publication of WO2021147942A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147942A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/22—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using vat dyestuffs including indigo
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/30—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using sulfur dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/38—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D06P3/243—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using vat or sulfur dyes, indigo
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
    • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
    • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
    • D06P3/248—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using reactive dyes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an alkaline dip dyeing method for nylon 56 fibers and fabrics, and belongs to the field of textile dyeing and finishing
  • Nylon Nylon
  • the commonly used variety Nylon 6 is polycaprolactam
  • Nylon 66 is made by polymerization of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid.
  • Nylon 56 is a new type of polyamide fiber. It is different from nylon 66 which uses petroleum and other derivatives as raw materials. Its raw materials can be prepared from bio-based materials. Pentylenediamine can be fermented from various types of starch and straw cellulose through bioengineering methods. Because of the large quantity and low cost, it can replace hexamethylene diamine.
  • Bio-based fibers have excellent characteristics such as green, environmentally friendly, renewable raw materials, and biodegradability, which help to solve the current global economic and social development facing serious resource and energy shortages, as well as environmental pollution and other problems.
  • nylon 66 is poor in alkali resistance and hardly dyes under alkaline conditions, so dyeing and fixing are usually carried out in a neutral or weak acid bath, and the glass transition temperature of nylon 66 is relatively low, about 35 ⁇ 50°C, when the dyeing temperature is higher than 80°C, the dye uptake rate will increase rapidly. Therefore, the traditional nylon 66 dyeing method usually uses acid dyes, neutral dyes, etc. to dye under acidic high temperature (above 90°C) conditions. High dyeing temperature has a great influence on the mechanical properties of fibers and fabrics, which is not conducive to application
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an alkaline dip dyeing method for nylon 56 fibers and fabrics.
  • the alkaline bath dip dyeing method of nylon 56 fiber or its fabric provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the object to be dyed is nylon 56 fiber or nylon 56 fabric
  • the dye liquor includes dyes and dyeing auxiliaries
  • the dye is selected from any one of the following: vat dyes, reactive dyes, direct dyes and sulfur dyes;
  • the pH of the dye solution is 7-10.
  • the nylon 56 fiber is a bio-based nylon 56 fiber
  • the end group content of the nylon 56 fiber has the following requirements:
  • the content of the terminal amino group of the nylon 56 fiber is 20 to 80 mol/10 6 gr, preferably 20 to 60 mol/10 6 gr, more preferably 30 to 50 mol/10 6 gr or 45.2 mol/10 6 gr;
  • the content of terminal carboxyl nylon 56 fiber is 50 ⁇ 110mol / 10 6 gr, preferably 60 ⁇ 90mol / 10 6 gr, more preferably 70 ⁇ 85mol / 10 6 gr or 74.3mol / 10 6 gr;
  • the nylon 56 fibers are filaments or staple fibers
  • the nylon 56 fabric is nylon 56 yarn, nylon 56 knitted fabric, nylon 56 woven fabric or nylon 56 non-woven fabric.
  • the nylon 56 fiber can be prepared by a melt direct spinning method or a melt batch spinning method
  • Adjust the pH of the nylon 56 salt solution to 7.5-8.5, preferably 7.5-8.0 or 7.85.
  • vat dye leuco dye is used, the method is: preparing vat dye solution, adding the object to be dyed for dip dyeing, oxidation treatment, dyeing Post-processing
  • the preparation of vat dye liquor includes: preparation of reducing liquor, dye reduction; (i.e. the ratio of the fabric used to the dye liquor)
  • the dry vat reduction method according to the bath ratio of 1:2-10 or 1:5, take the dye amount 1-8% (owf), add Taikoo oil 0-0.5% (owf), add 2/3 of the total dyeing amount Caustic soda (1-20g/L or 2g/L), 2/3 of sodium hydroxide (1-20g/L or 2g/L), and 1/3 of water are prepared into dye reduction solution;
  • the full-bath reduction method according to the bath ratio of 1:2-10 or 1:5, take the dye amount 1-8% (owf), add Taikoo oil 0-0.5% (owf), 1-20g/L or 3g/ L caustic soda, 1 ⁇ 20g/L or 3g/L sodium sulfonate, and water are prepared into a reducing solution;
  • the dye reduction process is 45 ⁇ 65°C or 50°C, 5 ⁇ 30min or 10min or 15min;
  • the operation of the dry vat reduction method to add the dye to be dyed is as follows: caustic soda is in the reducing solution, the dye solution is in alkaline condition, the pH value of the dye solution is 7.2 to 9.0 or 8.3, and 0 to 5% or 0.2% (owf) is added. Or 1.5% (owf) dyeing auxiliary, the remaining 1/3 caustic soda, 1/3 sodium sulfonate and 2/3 water after preparing the reducing solution, add the dye to be dyed at (5 ⁇ 10)°C/min or 8°C/min Raise the heating rate to the dyeing temperature of 40 ⁇ 90°C or 60°C, keep the temperature for 10 ⁇ 60min or 20min, take out the sample after cooling down, oxidize and process after dyeing to complete the dyeing;
  • the full-bath reduction method adds to the dyeing operation of the dye to be dyed: caustic soda is in the reducing solution, the dye solution is in alkaline condition, the pH value of the dye solution is 7.2-9.0 or 8.1, and 0-5% or 1.5% (owf) is added.
  • Dyeing auxiliaries add to the object to be dyed, increase to the dyeing temperature at a heating rate of (5 ⁇ 10)°C/min to 40 ⁇ 90°C or 60°C or 70°C, keep it for 10 ⁇ 60min or 30min, cool down and take out the sample, oxidize and dye After treatment, dyeing is completed;
  • the oxidation treatment adopts general cold water rinsing, ventilation oxidation or oxidant oxidation method
  • the oxidant in the oxidant oxidation method includes hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate or sodium dichromate; the amount of the oxidant is 0.5-5 g/L, more specifically, 1 g/L hydrogen peroxide;
  • the oxidation treatment process 40-60°C, 10-60min; specifically, it may be 50°C heat preservation treatment for 10min;
  • the post-dyeing treatment includes hot water washing, soaping, hot water washing, room temperature water washing, and drying;
  • the hot water washing 50-80°C or 60°C;
  • soaping process soap flakes 1 ⁇ 5g/L or 3g/L, anhydrous sodium carbonate 0 ⁇ 3g/L or 1g/L; soaping at 50-80°C for 10-15min, bath ratio 1:5 ⁇ 15 or 1:10.
  • the alkaline same-bath dip dyeing method is: preparing a reactive dye solution at room temperature, dip dyeing, fixation, and post-dyeing treatment;
  • the dye liquor preparation the bath ratio of dip dyeing: 1:2-10 or 1:4, 1-8% or 2% (owf) reactive dyes and dyeing auxiliaries are formulated into the dye liquor, and the pH of the obtained dye liquor is adjusted Value to 7 ⁇ 10 or 7.5;
  • the operation of the dip dyeing add the object to be dyed, heat up in the dyeing machine to 40°C ⁇ 60°C at a rate of (5 ⁇ 10)°C/min, keep it for 1 ⁇ 25min, then heat up again to 50 ⁇ 80°C or 70°C and add 1 ⁇ 50g/L or 3g/L fixing agent fixes the color, keeps the temperature for 10 ⁇ 40min or 30min, cools down, takes out the sample, and processes after dyeing to complete the dyeing;
  • the fixing agent is an alkaline fixing agent; specifically, it can be sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide or sodium phosphate;
  • the post-dyeing treatment includes: hot water washing, soaping, hot water washing, room temperature water washing, and drying;
  • the hot water flushing 40-80°C or 50°C;
  • the soaping process soap flakes 1-5g/L, sodium carbonate 0-3g/L; soaping at 50-80°C for 10-15min, bath ratio 1:5-15.
  • the alkaline same bath dip dyeing method when the dye is a direct dye, includes: preparing a direct dye solution, dip dyeing, and post-dyeing treatment;
  • the dye liquor is prepared as follows: bath ratio of dip dyeing: 1:2-10 or 1:5, 1-8% or 2% (owf) direct dye at room temperature, adjust the pH value of the dye liquor to 7- 8 or 7.8;
  • the operation of the dip dyeing is: adding the object to be dyed, heating to 50°C ⁇ 80°C or 70°C at a rate of (5 ⁇ 10)°C/min, adding dyeing auxiliary, keeping it for 20 ⁇ 60min, cooling down and taking out the sample, after dyeing Treatment, that is, complete dyeing;
  • the post-dyeing treatment includes: hot water rinsing, room temperature water rinsing, and drying;
  • the hot water flushing 45-80°C.
  • the alkaline one-bath dip dyeing method is: preparing a sulfur dye reduction dye solution, adding the dye to be dyed for dip dyeing, oxidation color development, and post-dyeing treatment;
  • the prepared sulfur dye reduction solution dyeing bath ratio 1:2-10, the dye solution is reduced by adding 20-100% (owf) reducing agent to 1-10% or 2.5% (owf) sulfur dye to be reduced to soluble hidden Color body sodium salt, add dyeing auxiliary, adjust the pH value of the solution to 7-10 or 8.0;
  • the reducing agent is sulfur, sodium sulfide or sodium polysulfide solution
  • the dyeing operation is as follows: adding the object to be dyed, keeping it at 60-90°C or 75°C for 20-50 min or 40 min, cooling down and taking out the sample, oxidizing and coloring treatment, and post-dyeing treatment to complete the dyeing;
  • the method of oxidation and color development is: oxidant oxidation or air oxidation;
  • the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate, potassium iodate, sodium bromate, sodium chlorite; specifically, it can be immersed in 1-10 g/L hydrogen peroxide for 1 to 5 minutes;
  • the air oxidation may specifically be washing the fabric with cold water at room temperature and suspending in the air for 10 minutes to oxidize;
  • the post-dyeing treatment includes: washing with water, preventing brittleness, washing with hot water, soaping, washing with water, and drying;
  • the water washing is 1 to 3 times of cold water washing at room temperature
  • the embrittlement prevention is: immersing at room temperature with an embrittlement prevention agent;
  • the anti-fragility agent is: at least one of urea, Taikoo oil, soda ash, trisodium phosphate, bone glue, copper acetate, dicyandiamide, melamine and triethanolamine, or a compounding auxiliary agent, in an amount of 0.5 to 5% or 3% (owf), soak at room temperature for 1-10min or 5min, bath ratio 1:5-15;
  • the hot water flushing 45 ⁇ 80°C or 50°C;
  • soaping process soap flakes 1-5g/L or 2g/L, sodium carbonate 0-3g/L; soaping at 50-80°C for 10-15min, bath ratio 1:5-15.
  • the dyeing method is selected from loose fiber dyeing (staple fiber), package dyeing (filament, yarn), hank dyeing (filament, yarn), beam dyeing (yarn), airflow At least one of dyeing (fabric, non-woven fabric), liquid dyeing (fabric, non-woven fabric), and jig dyeing (fabric).
  • the vat dye is selected from at least one of indigo vat dyes, fused-ring ketone vat dyes and temporarily soluble vat dyes; specifically selected from vat yellow G, vat blue RSN, vat HD blue, vat HD yellow, vat navy blue 5508 or Vat Green FFB, Vat Olive Green B, Vat Yellow F3G, Kaida Shilin Blue BS-03, Vat Olive MW, Vat Black GM, Vat Direct Black RB, Vat Brown R, Vat Yellow 3RT, Vat Red R, Vat Red 6B, At least one of reduced golden RK, reduced black GM and reduced blue RC;
  • the reactive dye is selected from at least one of halogenated s-triazines, halogenated pyrimidines, vinyl sulfones, composite (multi-reactive groups), epoxy, and azide; specifically selected from vinyl sulfones: reactive Red M-RBE; Halogenated s-triazines: Reactive Red K-2BP; Composite (multi-reactive groups): Anoxin Red Jade DR, Reactive Red 3BS, Reactive Red KE-3B, Reactive Red 3BS; Unknown structure: Reactive Brilliant Blue BRV, Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R, Anoxol Bright Yellow 4GL, Anoxol Yellow 3RE 150%, Anoxol Red 3BE 150%, Anoxol Blue M-2GE, Anoxol Brilliant Blue RV 100% , At least one of Anoxol Yellow Brown NC, Anoxol Red Jade NC, Anoxol Black NC, and Anoxel Red ARC;
  • the direct dye is selected from at least one of azos, direct copper salts, copper salt complex direct dyes, direct diazonium, dioxazines and phthalocyanines; specifically selected from direct orange S, direct scarlet 4BE, At least one of direct copper salt blue 2R and direct turquoise blue B2RL;
  • the sulfur dye is selected from at least one of powdered sulfur dyes, sulfur vat dyes and sulfur polycondensation dyes; specifically selected from at least one of sulfur blue BRN, sulfur red GGF, sulfur yellow GC, and sulfur black 2BR.
  • the dyeing auxiliaries used in the dyeing of the vat dyes, reactive dyes, direct dyes and sulfur dyes are nylon dyeing rate regulators, which have a slow and level dyeing effect on nylon dyeing in the dyeing liquor, and prevent the dyeing caused by the too fast dyeing rate of nylon. Unevenness; specifically, it can be dye retarder NLJ, dye retarder JV-905, level dye agent NL-90, level dye agent NL, level dye agent MCH-312, level dye agent GC-230, level dye agent JV-1 , Levelling agent HJ-219, sodium sulfate or sodium chloride;
  • the amount of the dyeing auxiliary agent is 0.1 to 5% (o.w.f).
  • Figure 1 shows the dyeing effects of nylon 56 fibers with different amino terminal content.
  • the left picture shows the 1# sample, and the right picture shows the 3# sample.
  • FIG. 1 shows the penetration of vat dyes
  • Figure 3 shows the apparent depth (K/S) of nylon 56, nylon 66, and nylon 6 dyed with different concentrations of dyes.
  • Figure 4 shows the dye uptake curve of nylon 56 and nylon 66 dyed with reactive dyes at 60°C.
  • the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
  • the methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
  • the raw materials can be obtained from open commercial channels unless otherwise specified.
  • the nylon 56 fiber used in the embodiment of the present invention was prepared according to the following method:
  • the pressure drop will take about 1h.
  • the temperature of the reactor will rise to 270°C and the vacuum will be pumped for about 10 minutes.
  • the temperature in the kettle will rise to 275°C, and the polymerization reaction will be completed.
  • the pelletizer cuts to obtain nylon 56 slices.
  • the slices were dried at 80°C for 22h, and spinning conditions were set: spinning temperature 288°C, metering pump speed 16rpm/min, spinning speed 1000m/min, side blowing pressure 450pa, winding oil F5103 concentration 5% ,
  • the drawing ratio and heating temperature are: one-drawing ratio 2.5 ⁇ 3.5; two-drawing ratio 1.01 ⁇ 1.42; drawing box temperature 170°C; second-drawing temperature 180°C; hot plate temperature 200°C; three-drawing temperature 180°C.
  • the nylon 56 fiber is obtained by winding.
  • the different pH values of the saline solution correspond to the different end groups and carboxyl content of the fibers as shown in Table 1 (control draft ratio is 3.5).
  • the dyeing effect is shown in Figure 1.
  • the left image is 1# sample, and the right image is 3# sample. It can be clearly seen that the dyeing effects of fibers with different end group contents are very different under the same conditions.
  • the dye uptake rate of the two samples was tested under the same dyeing process conditions, respectively: the dye uptake rate of the 1# sample was 68.3%, and the dye uptake rate of the 3# sample was 94.8%.
  • nylon 56 fiber has a high content of amino groups and a good dyeing effect.
  • the pH of the prepared salt solution was 7.85, and the amino terminal content was 45.2 mol/10 6 gr and the terminal carboxyl group content was 74.3 mol/10 6 gr, and the following dyeing treatment was performed.
  • Dye dry vat reduction method according to the liquor ratio of 1:5, take the amount of vat blue RSN dye (1-8)% (owf), the total amount of dyeing is 2/3 of caustic soda (2g/L), 2/3 of sodium hydroxide ( 2g/L), 1/3 of the water, reduced at 50°C for 10min to prepare a reducing solution, ready to use;
  • Dyeing process add 0.2% (owf) retarder JV-905, the remaining 1/3 caustic soda, 1/3 sodium sulfonate, 2/3 water when reducing the dye, the pH of the dye solution is 8.3, add 2g of the material to be dyed to Raise the temperature to 60°C at 8°C/min, keep the temperature for 20 minutes, cool down, take out the sample, oxidize the sample in 1g/L hydrogen peroxide at 50°C for 10 minutes, take out the sample, rinse with hot water at 50°C, and soap (soap flakes 1g/L, anhydrous sodium carbonate) 1g/L, 50°C, 10min, bath ratio 1:10), rinse with water at room temperature, dry, and finish dyeing.
  • Comparative Example 1 Taking the amount of Vat Blue RSN dye 4% (o.w.f), using the same dyeing process as in Example 1, the commercially available nylon 66 and nylon 6 fibers were dip dyed. The color fastness of Vat Blue RSN to nylon fiber after dyeing is shown in Table 2.
  • Example 2 Dyeing nylon 56 fabric and nylon 66 fabric with various vat dyes
  • Dyeing process add 1% (owf) leveling agent MCH-312 to the dyeing solution, the pH of the dyeing solution is 8.1, add 2g of the material to be dyed, heat up to 60°C at 5°C/min, keep the temperature for 30min, cool down and take out the sample. Oxidize in 1g/L hydrogen peroxide at °C for 10min, take out the sample and wash with hot water at 50°C, soaping (soap flakes 3g/L, anhydrous sodium carbonate 3g/L, 50°C, 10min, bath ratio 1:10), rinse with water at room temperature , Dry, and finish dyeing.
  • Table 3 The test results of the dyed fabric are shown in Table 3, and the dye permeability results are shown in Figure 3.
  • Example 3 Experiment on the dye uptake rate of nylon 56 and nylon 66 by reactive dyes
  • the dyeing rate curves of nylon 56 and nylon 66 dyed with reactive dyes are shown in Figure 4, and the dyeing kinetics data of reactive dyes are shown in Table 4 based on the dyeing rate curve.
  • Dye liquor preparation dye liquor ratio: 1:4, mix 2% (o.w.f.) Anofix Red ARC dye and 3% (o.w.f.) sodium sulfate into a dye liquor, and adjust the pH value of the dye liquor to 7.5;
  • Dyeing process add 2g to be dyed, heat up to 40°C at a rate of 10°C/min in the dyeing machine, hold for 25min, then heat up to 70°C again, add 3g/L sodium carbonate to fix the color, hold for 30min, cool down and take out the sample, 50 Rinse with hot water at °C, soaping (soap flakes 2g/L, soaping at 50°C for 10min, bath ratio 1:15), rinse with hot water at 50°C, rinse with water at room temperature, and dry to finish dyeing;
  • Comparative Example 2 The commercially available nylon 66 (46 mol/10 6 gr) was also dyed according to the above method.
  • Dye liquor preparation dye liquor ratio: 1:5, weigh 2% (o.w.f.) direct red 4BE dye at room temperature, and adjust the pH value of the dye liquor to 7.8;
  • Dyeing process Add 2g of the dye to be dyed, heat up to 70°C at a rate of 10°C/min, add 2% (owf) salt, keep for 20min, cool down and take out the sample, rinse with hot water at 50°C, rinse with water at room temperature, and dry, that is The dyeing is completed, and the experimental results are shown in Table 5.
  • Example 6 Dip dyeing nylon 56 fiber with sulfur dye
  • Dyeing process add 2g of the dye to be dyed, keep it at 75°C for 40min, cool down and take out the sample, hang in the air for 10min oxidation treatment, wash the sample, anti-brittle treatment (3% (owf) urea, 3% (owf) Taikoo oil, Bath ratio 1:15, room temperature soaking for 5min), 50°C hot water rinse, soaping (soap flakes 2g/L, 50°C soaping 10min, bath ratio 1:10), rinse with water at room temperature, dry, and then finish dyeing.
  • anti-brittle treatment 3% (owf) urea, 3% (owf) Taikoo oil, Bath ratio 1:15, room temperature soaking for 5min
  • soaping soaping (soap flakes 2g/L, 50°C soaping 10min, bath ratio 1:10), rinse with water at room temperature, dry, and then finish dyeing.
  • Table 5 The experimental results are shown in Table 5.
  • the invention provides an alkaline dip dyeing method for nylon 56 fibers and fabrics.
  • This method (1) is suitable for a variety of dyes, and can dye nylon 56 fibers with vat dyes, reactive dyes, direct dyes, and sulfur dyes. After dyeing, the color of the fabric is bright and the color is deep; (2) the color fastness is good, and the fabric is dyed.
  • the color fastness test results of rubbing resistance, soaping resistance, alkali perspiration resistance, and sun resistance can meet the requirements of use.
  • the rubbing resistance and soaping resistance can reach 3-4 or more, and the light fastness can reach 5 The above; (3) Simple process, fast dyeing under low temperature conditions, energy saving and emission reduction; (4) The use of bio-based nylon fibers as raw materials to meet the requirements of environmental protection and sustainability has important practical significance.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种锦纶56纤维及织物的碱性浸染染色方法。该方法(1)适用于多种染料，可以实现还原染料、活性染料、直接染料、硫化染料上染锦纶纤维，染色后织物颜色鲜艳，得色深；(2)色牢度好，染色织物的耐摩擦、耐皂洗、耐碱汗渍、耐日晒等色牢度测试结果均可以满足使用要求，耐摩擦、耐皂洗可达3-4级以上，耐日晒色牢可达5级以上；(3)工艺简单、在低温条件下可以快速上染，节能减排；(4)在原料上采用生物基锦纶纤维满足绿色环保可持续的要求，具有重要的现实意义。

Description

一种锦纶56纤维及织物的碱性浸染染色方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种锦纶56纤维及织物的碱性浸染染色方法，属于纺织染整领域
背景技术
锦纶(尼龙)作为世界上出现的第一种合成纤维，其品种很多，但分子结构中都含有一个相同的酰胺基。常用品种锦纶6为聚己内酰胺，锦纶66为由己二胺与己二酸聚合而成。锦纶56是一种新型的聚酰胺纤维，与锦纶66以石油等衍生物为原料不同，其原料可采用生物基制备，通过生物工程方法从各类淀粉和秸秆纤维素中发酵制备戊二胺，由于大批量、低成本，故可以代替己二胺。生物基纤维具有绿色、环境友好、原料可再生以及生物降解等优良特性，有助于解决当前全球经济社会发展所面临的严重的资源和能源短缺，以及环境污染等问题。
传统锦纶66耐碱性差，在碱性条件下基本不上染，所以染色和固色处理时通常在中性或弱酸性浴中进行，并且锦纶66的玻璃化转变温度较低，大约在35～50℃，当染色温度高于80℃以后，上染率才迅速加快，因此传统锦纶66染色方法通常采用酸性染料、中性染料等在酸性高温(90℃以上)条件下染色。染色温度高对纤维及织物的力学性能有很大影响，不利于应用
发明公开
本发明的目的是提供一种锦纶56纤维及织物的碱性浸染染色方法。
本发明提供的锦纶56纤维或其织物的碱性浴浸染染色方法，包括如下步骤：
将待染物浸渍于碱性染液中进行染色；
所述待染物为锦纶56纤维或锦纶56织物；
所述染液包括染料和染色助剂；
所述染料选自下述任意一种：还原染料、活性染料、直接染料和硫化染料；
所述染液的pH值为：7-10。
上述碱性浴浸染染色方法中，所述锦纶56纤维为生物基锦纶56纤维；
所述锦纶56纤维的端基含量有如下要求：
所述锦纶56纤维的端氨基的含量为20～80mol/10 6gr，优选20～60mol/10 6gr，更优选30～50mol/10 6gr或45.2mol/10 6gr；
所述锦纶56纤维的端羧基的含量为50～110mol/10 6gr，优选60～90mol/10 6gr，更优选70～85mol/10 6gr或74.3mol/10 6gr；
所述锦纶56纤维为长丝或短纤；
所述锦纶56织物为锦纶56纱线、锦纶56针织物、锦纶56机织物或锦纶56无纺布。
上述碱性浴浸染染色方法中，所述锦纶56纤维可由熔体直接纺丝法或熔体间歇纺丝法制备得到；
调节锦纶56盐液的pH值为7.5～8.5，优选7.5～8.0或7.85。
上述碱性一浴浸染染色方法中，采用还原染料隐色体浸染时步骤如下：采用还原染料隐色体浸染，所述方法为：配制还原染料染液，加入待染物浸染染色，氧化处理，染色后处理；
其中，所述配制还原染料染液包括：配制还原液、染料还原；(即所用织物与染液的比值)
所述干缸还原法：按照浴比1:2～10或1:5，取染料用量1～8％(o.w.f)，加入太古油0～0.5％(o.w.f)，加入染色总用量2/3的烧碱(1～20g/L或2g/L)、2/3的保险粉(1～20g/L或2g/L)、1/3的水配制成染料还原液；
所述全浴还原法：按照浴比1:2～10或1:5，取染料用量1～8％(o.w.f)，加入太古油0～0.5％(o.w.f)，1～20g/L或3g/L烧碱、1～20g/L或3g/L保险粉、水配制成还原液；
所述染料还原工艺为45～65℃或50℃，5～30min或10min或15min；
所述干缸还原法加入待染物浸染染色的操作为：还原液中有烧碱，染液处在碱性条件，染液PH值7.2～9.0或8.3，加入0～5％或0.2％(o.w.f)或1.5％(o.w.f)染色助剂，配制还原液后剩余1/3烧碱、1/3保险粉和2/3水，加入待染物，以(5～10)℃/min或8℃/min的升温速率升到染色温度40～90℃或60℃，保温10～60min或20min，降温取出样品，氧化处理，染色后处理，即完成染色；
所述全浴还原法加入待染物浸染染色的操作为：还原液中有烧碱，染液处在碱性条件，染液PH值7.2～9.0或8.1，加入0～5％或1.5％(o.w.f)染色 助剂，加入待染物，以(5～10)℃/min的升温速率升到染色温度40～90℃或60℃或70℃，保温10～60min或30min，降温取出样品，氧化处理，染色后处理，即完成染色；
所述氧化处理采用一般冷水淋洗、透风氧化或氧化剂氧化方法；
具体地，所述氧化剂氧化法中的氧化剂包括双氧水、过硼酸钠或重铬酸钠；氧化剂用量0.5～5g/L，更具体可为1g/L双氧水；
所述氧化处理工艺：40～60℃，10～60min；具体可为50℃保温处理10min；
所述染色后处理包括热水冲洗、皂洗、热水冲洗、常温水冲洗、晾干；
所述热水洗：50～80℃或60℃；
所述皂洗的工艺：皂片1～5g/L或3g/L，无水碳酸钠0～3g/L或1g/L；在50-80℃皂洗10～15min，浴比1:5～15或1:10。
上述碱性浴浸染染色方法中，采用所述活性染料染色时的步骤如下：
上述碱性一浴浸染染色方法中，所述染料为活性染料时，所述碱性同浴浸染染色方法为：在常温下配制活性染料染液、浸染染色、固色、染色后处理；
所述染液配制：浸染染色的浴比：1:2～10或1:4，将1～8％或2％(o.w.f.)活性染料与染色助剂配制成染液，调节所得染液的pH值至7～10或7.5；
所述浸染染色的操作：加入待染物，于染色机内以(5～10)℃/min的速率升温至40℃～60℃，保温1～25min，再次升温至50～80℃或70℃加入1～50g/L或3g/L固色剂固色，保温10～40min或30min，降温取出样品，染色后处理，即完成染色；
所述固色剂为碱性固色剂；具体可为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠或磷酸钠；
所述染色后处理包括：热水冲洗、皂洗、热水冲洗、室温水冲洗、晾干；
所述热水冲洗：40～80℃或50℃；
所述皂洗的工艺：皂片1～5g/L，碳酸钠0～3g/L；在50～80℃皂洗10～15min，浴比1:5～15。
上述碱性浴浸染染色方法中，所述染料为直接染料时，所述碱性同浴浸染染色方法为：配制直接染料染液、浸染染色、染色后处理；
所述染液配制为：浸染染色的浴比：1：2～10或1:5，在常温下将1～8％或2％(o.w.f.)直接染料，调节所得染液的pH值至7～8或7.8；
所述浸染染色的操作为：加入待染物，以(5～10)℃/min的速率升温至50℃～80℃或70℃，加入染色助剂，保温20～60min，降温取出样品，染色后处理，即完成染色；
所述染色后处理包括：热水冲洗、常温水冲洗、晾干；
所述热水冲洗：45～80℃。
上述碱性浴浸染染色方法中，所述染料为硫化染料时，所述碱性一浴浸染染色方法为：配制硫化染料还原染液，加入待染物浸染染色，氧化显色、染色后处理；
所述配制硫化染料还原液：染色浴比1:2～10，染液还原即在1～10％或2.5％(o.w.f.)硫化染料中加入20～100％(o.w.f.)还原剂被还原为可溶性隐色体钠盐，加入染色助剂，调节溶液的pH值至7～10或8.0；
所述还原剂为硫黄、硫化钠或多硫化钠溶液；
所述上染的操作为：加入待染物，于60～90℃或75℃下保温20～50min或40min，降温取出样品，氧化显色处理，染色后处理，即完成染色；
所述氧化显色的方法为：氧化剂氧化或空气氧化；
具体地，所述氧化剂为双氧水、过硼酸钠、碘酸钾、溴酸钠、亚氯酸钠；具体可为1～10g/L的双氧水浸泡1～5min；
所述空气氧化具体可为将织物用常温冷水洗净，在空气中悬挂10min氧化；
所述染色后处理包括：水洗、防脆、热水洗、皂洗、水洗、晾干；
所述水洗为室温冷水冲洗1～3次；
所述防脆为：采用防脆损剂室温浸泡；
所述防脆损剂为：尿素、太古油、纯碱、磷酸三钠、骨胶、醋酸铜、双氰胺、三聚氰胺和三乙醇胺中至少一种或复配助剂，用量0.5～5％或3％(o.w.f.)，室温浸泡1～10min或5min，浴比1:5～15；
所述热水冲洗：45～80℃或50℃；
所述皂洗的工艺：皂片1～5g/L或2g/L，碳酸钠0～3g/L；在50～80℃皂洗10～15min，浴比1:5～15。
上述方法所述染色步骤中，染色方式选自散纤维染色(短纤)、筒子染色(长丝、纱线)、绞纱染色(长丝、纱线)、经轴染色(纱线)、气流染色(织物、无纺布)、液流染色(织物、无纺布)和卷染(织物)中至少一 种。
所述还原染料选自靛类还原染料、稠环酮类还原染料和暂溶性还原染料中至少一种；具体选自还原黄G、还原蓝RSN、还原HD兰、还原HD黄、还原藏青5508或还原绿FFB、还原橄榄绿B、还原黄F3G、开达士林蓝BS-03、还原橄榄MW、还原黑GM、还原直接黑RB、还原棕R、还原黄3RT、还原大红R、还原大红6B、还原金黄RK、还原黑GM和还原蓝RC中至少一种；
所述活性染料选自卤代均三嗪类、卤代嘧啶类、乙烯砜类、复合(多活性基)类、环氧类和叠氮类中至少一种；具体选自乙烯砜类：活性红M-RBE；卤代均三嗪类：活性红K-2BP；复合(多活性基)类：安诺素红玉DR、活性红3BS、活性红KE-3B、活性红3BS；未知结构：活性艳兰BRV、活性艳蓝KN-R、安诺素嫩黄4GL、安诺素黄3RE 150％、安诺素红3BE 150％、安诺素蓝M-2GE、安诺素艳蓝RV 100％、安诺素黄棕NC、安诺素红玉NC、安诺素黑NC和安诺菲克斯红ARC中至少一种；
所述直接染料选自偶氮类、直接铜盐类、铜盐络合直接染料、直接重氮、二噁嗪类和酞菁系中至少一种；具体选自直接橙S、直接大红4BE、直接铜盐兰2R和直接翠蓝B2RL中至少一种；
所述硫化染料选自粉状硫化染料、硫化还原染料和硫化缩聚染料中至少一种；具体选自硫化蓝BRN、硫化红GGF、硫化黄GC和硫化黑2BR中至少一种。
所述还原染料、活性染料、直接染料和硫化染料染色中所用染色助剂为锦纶染色速率调节剂，在染液中对锦纶染色起缓染、匀染作用，防止锦纶上染速率过快导致染色不匀；具体可为缓染剂NLJ、缓染剂JV-905、匀染剂NL-90、匀染剂NL、匀染剂MCH-312、匀染剂GC-230、匀染剂JV-1、匀染剂HJ-219、元明粉或氯化钠；
所述染色助剂的用量为0.1～5％(o.w.f)。
附图说明
图1为不同端氨基含量的锦纶56纤维的染色效果，其中左图为1#样品，右图为3#样品。
图2为还原染料浸染染透性；
图3为不同浓度染料染色锦纶56、锦纶66、锦纶6的表观深度(K/S)。
图4为60℃活性染料染色锦纶56、锦纶66的上染速率曲线。
实施发明的最佳方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述，但本发明并不限于以下实施例。所述方法如无特别说明均为常规方法。所述原材料如无特别说明均能从公开商业途径获得。
本发明实施例所采用的锦纶56纤维，按照下述方法制备：
在盐液罐中配制50wt％浓度的锦纶56盐水溶液，具体步骤：取锦纶56干盐90kg，加入到55kg脱盐水中，完全溶解，调节盐液pH值7.5～8.5。配好盐液后将盐液罐加热至50℃，待温度达到设定温度，打开供料阀将盐液注入聚合反应釜中开始预聚合，预聚合试验条件：反应釜内设定温度212℃，压力1.75MPa，搅拌速度60r/min，反应2h，然后升温到250℃。当温度达到250℃后即开始降压，降压时间约1h，降压同时反应釜温度升到270℃，抽真空约10min，此时釜内温度约升至275℃，聚合反应完成，直接排料，经过冷水、吹风冷却，切粒机切断得到锦纶56切片。切片在80℃条件下，烘干22h，设置纺丝条件：纺丝温度288℃，计量泵转速16rpm/min，纺丝速度1000m/min，侧吹风压为450pa，卷绕油剂F5103浓度5％，牵伸倍数及加热温度为：一牵倍率2.5～3.5；二牵倍率1.01～1.42；牵伸箱温度170℃；二牵温度180℃；热板温度200℃；三牵温度180℃。卷绕得到锦纶56纤维。
不同盐液pH值对应纤维不同的端基和羧基含量如表1所示(控制牵伸倍数为3.5)。
由表1中的数据可以看出，盐水溶液pH<7.5时，端基含量偏低，盐水溶液pH>8.5时，反应原料酸胺比失衡，无法聚合，因此最适宜的pH值范围为7.5～8.0。
表1、不同盐液pH值对锦纶56纤维的端氨基含量的影响
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000001
采用1#样品和3#样品进行染色，选取染料活性红K-2BP，配制2％(o.w.f.)的染液，染液pH值为7.3，并加入1.5％(o.w.f.)匀染剂JV-1，染色浴比1:10。 常温条件下，加入具有不同端氨基含量的被染物(1#和3#)2g；然后以2℃/min升温速率升温至50℃，保温20min，再次升温至65℃，加入10g/L碳酸氢钠固色，保温15min，降温取出样品，50℃热水冲洗，皂洗(皂片2g/L，50℃皂洗10min，浴比1:10)，50℃热水冲洗，室温水冲洗、晾干，即完成染色。
染色效果如图1所示，左图为1#样品，右图为3#样品。可以明显看出，相同条件下不同端基含量的纤维染色效果差异大。相同染色工艺条件下测试两种样品的上染率，分别为：1#样品上染率为68.3％，3#样品上染率为94.8％。
由表1和图1可以看出，调控pH值为7.5～8.0时，锦纶56纤维的端氨基值含量高，染色效果好。
根据上述纤维制备方案，制备盐液pH为7.85测其端氨基含量为45.2mol/10 6gr、端羧基含量为74.3mol/10 6gr，进行下述染色处理。
实施例1、还原染料干缸法还原浸染锦纶56纤维染色提升性实验
染料干缸还原法：按照浴比1:5，取还原蓝RSN染料用量(1～8)％(o.w.f)，染色总用量2/3的烧碱(2g/L)、2/3的保险粉(2g/L)、1/3的水，在50℃下，还原10min配制成还原液，现配现用；
浸染染色工艺：加入0.2％(o.w.f)缓染剂JV-905，还原染料时剩余的1/3烧碱、1/3保险粉、2/3水，染液pH为8.3，加入2g待染物，以8℃/min升温到60℃，保温20min，降温取出样品，在50℃下1g/L双氧水中氧化处理10min，取出样品50℃热水冲洗，皂洗(皂片1g/L，无水碳酸钠1g/L，50℃，10min，浴比1:10)，常温水冲洗，晾干，完成染色。
不同浓度染料染色锦纶56、锦纶66(46mol/10 6gr)、锦纶6染色提升性实验结果如图2所示。
对比例1：取还原蓝RSN染料用量4％(o.w.f)，采用实施例1同样染色工艺，浸染市售锦纶66、锦纶6纤维。还原蓝RSN对锦纶纤维染色后的染色牢度如表2。
表2、还原蓝RSN对锦纶纤维染色后的染色牢度
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000003
由表3可知，还原染料染三种纤维锦纶56色牢度优于锦纶66和锦纶6，并且由图2可知在相同条件下染三种纤维，染色后样品表观深度相差很大，这说明锦纶66和锦纶6与锦纶56差异很大，不适合碱性浴低温染色。
实施例2：多种不同还原染料染锦纶56织物和锦纶66织物
全浴还原：浴比1:5，取1.0％(o.w.f)染料还原染料，3g/L烧碱、3g/L保险粉、水在45℃下，还原15min配制成还原液，现配现用；
浸染染色工艺：染液中加入1％(o.w.f)匀染剂MCH-312，染液pH为8.1，加入2g待染物，以5℃/min升温到60℃，保温30min，降温取出样品，在50℃下1g/L双氧水中氧化处理10min，取出样品50℃热水洗，皂洗(皂片3g/L，无水碳酸钠3g/L，50℃，10min，浴比1:10)，常温水冲洗，晾干，完成染色。染色后的织物测试结果表3，染透性结果见图3。
表3还原染料染色后织物的表观深度
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000004
实施例3、活性染料对锦纶56、锦纶66上染速率实验
配制1g/L安诺素艳蓝RV100％染料标准染液，配制10组2mL标准染液的染浴，纤维0.2g，浴比：1:500，与10g/L元明粉，调节所得染液的pH值至7.5，同时放入染色温度设定为60℃的染色机中，分别于染色5min、10min、15min、20min、30min、45min、60min、75min、90min、120min取出样品，常温水冲洗干净，晾干后剥色测试其上染速率曲线。
活性染料上染锦纶56、锦纶66染色速率曲线如图4所示，根据染色速率曲线推导计算出活性染料染色动力学数据如表4所示。
表4碱性浴下活性染料染色动力学数据
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000005
由图4和表4可知，锦纶56的平衡上染率、平均扩散系数、大于锦纶66、半染时间均大于锦纶66，比染色速率常数小于锦纶66，这说明相同条件下，锦纶56上染纤维更快并且吸附的染料量更多，染色效果更好。
实施例4、活性染料浸染锦纶56纤维
染液配制：染色浴比：1:4，将2％(o.w.f.)安诺菲克斯红ARC染料与3％(o.w.f.)元明粉配制成染液，调节所得染液的pH值至7.5；
染色工艺：加入2g待染物，于染色机内以10℃/min的速率升温至40℃，保温25min，再次升温至70℃，加入3g/L碳酸钠固色，保温30min，降温取出样品，50℃热水冲洗，皂洗(皂片2g/L，50℃皂洗10min，浴比1:15)，50℃热水冲洗，室温水冲洗、晾干，即完成染色；
对比例2：按照上述方法同样对市售锦纶66(46mol/10 6gr)进行染色。
染色后检测结果如表5所示。
表5、活性染料对锦纶56染色后样品测试结果
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000007
由表5可知，在相同碱性低温染浴中染色，锦纶56的表观深度明显高于锦纶66，并且锦纶66的色牢度较差，并不适用于低温碱性浴染色。
实施例5：直接染料浸染染锦纶56纤维
染液配制：染色浴比：1:5，在常温下称取2％(o.w.f.)直接大红4BE染料，调节所得染液的pH值至7.8；
染色工艺：加入2g待染物，以10℃/min的速率升温至70℃，可加入2％(o.w.f.)食盐，保温20min，降温取出样品，50℃热水冲洗，常温水冲洗，晾干，即完成染色，实验结果如表5所示。
实施例6：硫化染料浸染染锦纶56纤维
配制硫化染料还原液：染色浴比1:10，室温条件下称取硫化兰2RN 150％染料2.5％(o.w.f.)，加入100％(o.w.f.)硫化钠配制硫化染料还原液，加入0.5％(o.w.f.)匀染剂NL，调节溶液的pH值至8.0；
染色工艺：加入2g待染物，于75℃下保温40min，降温取出样品，在空气中悬挂10min氧化处理，洗净样品，防脆处理(3％(o.w.f.)尿素，3％(o.w.f.)太古油，浴比1:15，室温浸泡5min)，50℃热水冲洗，皂洗(皂片2g/L，50℃皂洗10min，浴比1:10)，室温水冲洗、晾干，即完成染色，实验结果如表5所示。
对比例3、与实施例6染色过程相同，不加入匀染剂，其他条件不变，染色结果如表5所示。
表5、直接染料、硫化染料染色后色牢度测试结果
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021073027-appb-000009
由表5可知，直接染料和硫化染料染色锦纶56织物，可以得到较高的表观深度，并且色牢度都很高，满足市场需求，未加入匀染剂的硫化染料染色对比例3，染色结果织物存在花色现象，并且染色牢度较差，不满足应用需求。
工业应用
本发明提供了一种锦纶56纤维及织物的碱性浸染染色方法。该方法(1)适用于多种染料，可以实现还原染料、活性染料、直接染料、硫化染料上染锦纶56纤维，染色后织物颜色鲜艳，得色深；(2)色牢度好，染色织物的耐摩擦、耐皂洗、耐碱汗渍、耐日晒等色牢度测试结果均可以满足使用要求，耐摩擦、耐皂洗可达3-4级以上，耐日晒色牢可达5级以上；(3)工艺简单、在低温条件下可以快速上染，节能减排；(4)在原料上采用生物基锦纶纤维满足绿色环保可持续的要求，具有重要的现实意义。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种锦纶56纤维或其织物的碱性浴浸染染色方法，包括如下步骤：
    将待染物浸渍于碱性染液中进行染色；
    所述待染物为锦纶56纤维或锦纶56织物；
    所述染液包括染料和染色助剂；
    所述染料选自下述任意一种：还原染料、活性染料、直接染料和硫化染料；
    所述染液的pH值为：7-10。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：所述锦纶56纤维为生物基锦纶56纤维。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于：所述锦纶56纤维的端基含量有如下要求：
    所述锦纶56纤维的端氨基的含量为20～80mol/10 6gr，优选20～60mol/10 6gr，更优选30～50mol/10 6gr或45.2mol/10 6gr；
    所述锦纶56纤维的端羧基的含量为50～110mol/10 6gr，优选60～90mol/10 6gr，更优选70～85mol/10 6gr或74.3mol/10 6gr；
    所述锦纶56纤维为长丝或短纤；
    所述锦纶56织物为锦纶56纱线、锦纶56针织物、锦纶56机织物或锦纶56无纺布。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的方法，其特征在于：所述锦纶56纤维由熔体直接纺丝法或熔体间歇纺丝法制备得到；
    调节锦纶56盐液的pH值为7.5～8.5，优选7.5～8.0或7.85。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一所述的方法，其特征在于：采用还原染料隐色体浸染，所述方法为：配制还原染料染液，加入待染物浸染染色，氧化处理，染色后处理；
    其中，所述配制还原染料染液包括：配制还原液、染料还原；
    所述染料还原采用干缸还原法或全浴还原法；
    所述干缸还原法：按照浴比1:2～10或1:5，取染料用量1～8％(o.w.f)，加入太古油0～0.5％(o.w.f)，加入染色总用量2/3的烧碱(1～20g/L或2g/L)、2/3的保险粉(1～20g/L或2g/L)、1/3的水配制成染料还原液；
    所述全浴还原法：按照浴比1:2～10或1:5，取染料用量1～8％(o.w.f)，加入太古油0～0.5％(o.w.f)，1～50g/L或3g/L烧碱、1～50g/L或3g/L保险粉、水配制成还原液；
    所述染料还原工艺为45～65℃或50℃，5～30min或10min或15min；
    所述干缸还原法加入待染物浸染染色的操作为：还原液中有烧碱，染液处在碱性条件，染液pH值7.2～9.0，加入0～5％或0.2％(o.w.f)或1.5％(o.w.f)染色助剂，配制还原液后剩余1/3烧碱、1/3保险粉和2/3水，加入待染物，以(5～10)℃/min或8℃/min的升温速率升到染色温度40～90℃或60℃，保温10～60min或20min，降温取出样品，氧化处理，染色后处理，即完成染色；
    所述全浴还原法加入待染物浸染染色的操作为：还原液中有烧碱，染液处在碱性条件，染液pH值7.2～9.0，加入0～5％或1.5％(o.w.f)染色助剂，加入待染物，以(5～10)℃/min的升温速率升到染色温度40～90℃或60℃或70℃，保温10～60min或30min，降温取出样品，氧化处理，染色后处理，即完成染色；
    所述氧化处理采用一般冷水淋洗、透风氧化或氧化剂氧化方法；
    具体地，所述氧化剂氧化法中的氧化剂包括双氧水、过硼酸钠或重铬酸钠；氧化剂用量0.5～5g/L，更具体可为1g/L双氧水；
    所述氧化处理工艺：40～60℃，10～60min；具体可为50℃保温处理10min；
    所述染色后处理包括热水冲洗、皂洗、热水冲洗、常温水冲洗、晾干；
    所述热水洗：50～80℃或60℃；
    所述皂洗的工艺：皂片1～5g/L或3g/L，无水碳酸钠0～3g/L或1g/L；在50-80℃皂洗10～15min，浴比1:5～15或1:10。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一所述的方法，其特征在于：所述染料为活性染料时，所述碱性同浴浸染染色方法为：在常温下配制活性染料染液、浸染染色、固色、染色后处理；
    所述染液配制：浸染染色的浴比：1:2～10或1:4，将1～8％或2％(o.w.f.)活性染料与染色助剂配制成染液，调节所得染液的pH值至7～10或7.5；
    所述浸染染色的操作：加入待染物，于染色机内以(5～10)℃/min的速率升温至40℃-60℃，保温1～25min，再次升温至50～80℃或70℃加入1～50g/L或3g/L固色剂固色，保温10～40min或30min，降温取出样品，染色后处理，即完成染色；
    所述固色剂为碱性固色剂；具体可为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠或磷酸钠；
    所述染色后处理包括：热水冲洗、皂洗、热水冲洗、室温水冲洗、晾干；
    所述热水冲洗：40～80℃或50℃；
    所述皂洗的工艺：皂片1～5g/L，碳酸钠0～3g/L；在50～80℃皂洗10～15min，浴比1:5～15。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一所述的方法，其特征在于：所述染料为直接染料时，所述碱性同浴浸染染色方法为：配制直接染料染液、浸染染色、染色后处理；
    所述染液配制为：浸染染色的浴比：1：2～10或1:5，在常温下将1～8％或2％(o.w.f.)直接染料，调节所得染液的pH值至7～8或7.8；
    所述浸染染色的操作为：加入待染物，以(5～10)℃/min的速率升温至50℃～80℃或70℃，加入染色助剂，保温20～60min，降温取出样品，染色后处理，即完成染色；
    所述染色后处理包括：热水冲洗、常温水冲洗、晾干；
    所述热水冲洗：45～80℃。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一所述的方法，其特征在于：所述染料为硫化染料时，所述碱性一浴浸染染色方法为：配制硫化染料还原染液，加入待染物浸染染色，氧化显色、染色后处理；
    所述配制硫化染料还原液：染色浴比1:2～10，染液还原即在1～10％或2.5％(o.w.f.)硫化染料中加入20～100％(o.w.f.)还原剂被还原为可溶性隐色体钠盐，加入染色助剂，调节溶液的pH值至7～10或8.0；
    所述还原剂为硫黄、硫化钠或多硫化钠溶液；
    所述上染的操作为：加入待染物，于60-90℃或75℃下保温20～50min或40min，降温取出样品，氧化显色处理，染色后处理，即完成染色；
    所述氧化显色的方法为：氧化剂氧化或空气氧化；
    具体地，所述氧化剂为双氧水、过硼酸钠、碘酸钾、溴酸钠、亚氯酸钠；具体可为1～10g/L的双氧水浸泡1～5min；
    所述空气氧化具体可为将织物用常温冷水洗净，在空气中悬挂10min氧化；
    所述染色后处理包括：水洗、防脆、热水洗、皂洗、水洗、晾干；
    所述水洗为室温冷水冲洗1～3次；
    所述防脆为：采用防脆损剂室温浸泡；
    所述防脆损剂为：尿素、太古油、纯碱、磷酸三钠、骨胶、醋酸铜、双氰胺、三聚氰胺和三乙醇胺中至少一种或复配助剂，用量0.5～5％或3％(o.w.f.)，室温浸泡1～10min或5min，浴比1:5～15；
    所述热水冲洗：45～80℃或50℃；
    所述皂洗的工艺：皂片1～5g/L或2g/L，碳酸钠0～3g/L；在50～80℃皂洗10～15min，浴比1:5～15。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的方法，其特征在于：所述染色步骤中，染色方式选自散纤维染色(短纤)、筒子染色(长丝、纱线)、绞纱染色(长丝、纱线)、经轴染色(纱线)、气流染色(织物、无纺布)、液流染色(织物、无纺布)和卷染(织物)中至少一种。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一所述的方法，其特征在于：所述还原染料选自靛类还原染料、稠环酮类还原染料和暂溶性还原染料中至少一种；具体选自还原黄G、还原蓝RSN、还原HD兰、还原HD黄、还原藏青5508或还原绿FFB、还原橄榄绿B、还原黄F3G、开达士林蓝BS-03、还原橄榄MW、还原黑GM、还原直接黑RB、还原棕R、还原黄3RT、还原大红R、还原大红6B、还原金黄RK、还原黑GM和还原蓝RC中至少一种；
    所述活性染料选自卤代均三嗪类、卤代嘧啶类、乙烯砜类、复合(多活性基)类、环氧类和叠氮类中至少一种；具体选自乙烯砜类：活性红M-RBE；卤代均三嗪类：活性红K-2BP；复合(多活性基)类：安诺素红玉DR、活性红3BS、活性红KE-3B、活性红3BS；未知结构：活性艳兰BRV、活性艳蓝KN-R、安诺素嫩黄4GL、安诺素黄3RE 150％、安诺素红3BE 150％、安诺素蓝M-2GE、安诺素艳蓝RV 100％、安诺素黄棕NC、安诺素红玉NC、安诺素黑NC和安诺菲克斯红ARC中至少一种；
    所述直接染料选自偶氮类、直接铜盐类、铜盐络合直接染料、直接重氮、二噁嗪类和酞菁系中至少一种；具体选自直接橙S、直接大红4BE、直接铜盐兰2R和直接翠蓝B2RL中至少一种；
    所述硫化染料选自粉状硫化染料、硫化还原染料和硫化缩聚染料中至少一种；具体选自硫化蓝BRN、硫化红GGF、硫化黄GC和硫化黑2BR中至少一种；
    所述还原染料、活性染料、直接染料、硫化染料染色中所用染色助剂为锦纶染色速率调节剂，具体可为缓染剂NLJ、缓染剂JV-905、匀染剂NL-90、匀染剂NL、匀染剂MCH-312、匀染剂GC-230、匀染剂JV-1、匀染剂HJ-219、元明粉或氯化钠；
    所述染色助剂的用量为0.1-5％(o.w.f)或0.5％(o.w.f)或2％(o.w.f)或3％(o.w.f)。
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