WO2021147732A1 - 前照灯光学元件、前照灯模组、车灯及车辆 - Google Patents

前照灯光学元件、前照灯模组、车灯及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147732A1
WO2021147732A1 PCT/CN2021/071515 CN2021071515W WO2021147732A1 WO 2021147732 A1 WO2021147732 A1 WO 2021147732A1 CN 2021071515 W CN2021071515 W CN 2021071515W WO 2021147732 A1 WO2021147732 A1 WO 2021147732A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical element
headlamp
lens
reflecting
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PCT/CN2021/071515
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
祝贺
仇智平
桑文慧
Original Assignee
华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
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Application filed by 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
Priority to KR1020217017380A priority Critical patent/KR102610227B1/ko
Priority to JP2021535826A priority patent/JP7258149B2/ja
Priority to EP21730789.1A priority patent/EP3882514B1/en
Priority to US17/416,027 priority patent/US11745639B2/en
Publication of WO2021147732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147732A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/67—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/265—Composite lenses; Lenses with a patch-like shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/285—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24 - F21S41/2805
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/29—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/29—Attachment thereof
    • F21S41/295—Attachment thereof specially adapted to projection lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/37—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors characterised by their material, surface treatment or coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/39—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/47—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F21W2102/135—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F21W2102/135—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions
    • F21W2102/14—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions having vertical cut-off lines; specially adapted for adaptive high beams, i.e. wherein the beam is broader but avoids glaring other road users
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/17—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for regions other than high beam or low beam
    • F21W2102/18—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for regions other than high beam or low beam for overhead signs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle lighting device, in particular to a headlamp optical element.
  • the present invention also relates to a headlamp module, a vehicle lamp and a vehicle.
  • the commonly used LED light source projection lighting system in the automobile lamp generally includes a light source, a reflective element, a shading plate, and an optical lens.
  • the light emitted by the light source is reflected by the reflective element and then directed to the light-shielding plate. After being intercepted by the light-shielding plate, the light is projected by the optical lens to form a parallel light-like illumination light shape with light and dark cut-off lines.
  • the size of the reflective element needs to have a larger coverage range relative to the light-emitting angle of the light source in order to ensure a certain system light efficiency.
  • this is a prominent contradiction with the trend of increasingly compact automobile shapes in the future.
  • the existing light concentrator has a light guide channel extending in the front and back direction.
  • the light guide channel is a solid light guide structure.
  • the light is refracted and reflected by the condenser and then directed to the optical lens, which is projected by the optical lens to form an illuminating light shape.
  • the module is heavier and the module cost is also higher. Therefore, a compact, lightweight, and efficient optical system is needed to meet the strong market demand.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a headlamp optical element, which has a simple and compact structure and lighter weight.
  • the technical problem to be solved in the second aspect of the present invention is to provide a headlamp module with a smaller module size and lighter weight.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the third aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle lamp with smaller size, lighter weight and simple and compact structure.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle whose lamp has a smaller size, lighter weight, and a simple and compact structure.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a headlamp optical element, which includes a light collecting portion, a light emitting portion, and a reflecting portion that are sequentially connected along the light emission direction, and one end of the reflecting portion is connected to a lower portion of the light emitting portion. Connected, the other end is provided with a low-beam cut-off line structure for forming a near-bright and dark cut-off line; or, one end of the reflecting part is connected with the upper part of the light-emitting part, and the other end is provided with a far-beam and dark cut-off line.
  • the low-beam cut-off line structure is provided on the front edge of the reflective surface of the reflecting part;
  • the light collecting part is a light collecting cup structure, and the light collecting part is provided with an end away from the reflecting part
  • An inner concave cavity the inner concave cavity includes a front light incident surface and a side light incident surface, the front light incident surface is a curved surface that protrudes to a side away from the reflecting portion, and the side light incident surface is A curved surface whose circumference gradually decreases from the end away from the reflecting part to the end close to the reflecting part, and the outer contour surface of the light collecting part is from the end far away from the reflecting part to the end closer to the reflecting part A curved surface with a gradually increasing circumference; and the lower part of the light collecting part is provided with a zone III light shape forming structure, and part of the light condensed by the light collecting part can be emitted from the zone III light forming structure and be reflected by the The light is emitted from below to form a low-
  • a 50L dark area forming structure is formed on the reflective surface of the reflecting portion having the low beam cut-off line structure, and the light emitted from the light emitting portion to the 50L dark area forming structure can pass through the 50L dark area
  • the formation of structure reflection and refraction can reduce the brightness of the 50L area of the low beam.
  • the end surface of one end of the reflecting part away from the light collecting part is a concave arc-shaped curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature.
  • the number of the light collecting parts is two or more.
  • the reflective surface of the reflective portion is provided with a reflective layer.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a headlamp module, comprising the headlamp optical element and lens according to any one of the technical solutions of the first aspect, the headlamp optical element and the lens are in a split structure , The lens is arranged in the light emission direction of the headlamp optical element; or the headlamp optical element and the lens are an integral structure, and the lens and the headlamp optical element pass through a connecting plate connect.
  • the low-beam cut-off line structure or the high-beam cut-off line structure is located in an area from 10 mm on the upper side to 10 mm on the lower side of the optical axis of the lens.
  • the lens is a convex lens or a Fresnel lens structure.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle lamp, including the headlamp module according to any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle including the vehicle lamp described in the above technical solution.
  • the headlamp optical element includes a light collecting part, a light emitting part and a reflecting part connected in sequence. By adjusting the relative positions of the light collecting part and the reflecting part, the headlamp optical element can be applied to low beam lighting or high beam lighting, respectively.
  • the optical element of the front light is a low beam structure
  • one end of the reflecting part is connected to the lower part of the light emitting part, and the other end is provided with a low beam cut-off line structure for forming a near-bright and dark cut-off line
  • the optical element of the front light is a high-beam structure
  • One end of the reflecting part is connected with the upper part of the light emitting part, and the other end is provided with a high beam cut-off line structure for forming a far bright and dark cut-off line.
  • a light source is arranged at the light collecting part, and the light collecting part converges the divergent light emitted by the light source and emits it through the light emitting part.
  • the headlamp optical element adopting this structure has a small space occupation volume and greatly improved space utilization efficiency; it can meet the process requirements of integral molding, thereby improving the position accuracy between the optical surfaces on the optical path propagation path, and the structure is obtained It is relatively simplified and lighter.
  • Figure 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the first embodiment of the headlamp optical element of the present invention.
  • FIG 2 is the second structural diagram of the first embodiment of the headlamp optical element of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the third structural diagram of the first embodiment of the headlamp optical element of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the headlamp optical element of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the headlamp optical element of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the fourth embodiment of the headlamp optical element of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view at A of Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is the second structural diagram of the fourth embodiment of the headlamp optical element of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the third structural diagram of the fourth embodiment of the headlamp optical element of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the first embodiment of the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is the second structural diagram of the first embodiment of the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is the third structural diagram of the first embodiment of the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the second embodiment of the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • 15 is the third structural diagram of the second embodiment of the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a fourth structural diagram of the second embodiment of the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the simulation of the low beam light shape formed by the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • 19 is a schematic diagram of the high beam light shape simulation formed by the headlamp module of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited.
  • connection may be an integral connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be a communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements.
  • connection may be an integral connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be a communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements.
  • front refers to the end of the reflector 13 where the near-bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far-bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 is formed.
  • Rear refers to the end where the light-collecting part 11 is located.
  • the optical axis 21 is a virtual axis extending forward and backward through the focal point of the lens 2; according to the definition of "GB4599-2007-Automotive Filament Bulb Headlamps": the cut-off line of light and dark is the light beam projected to the light distribution screen
  • the regulations have specific restrictions on the brightness of the 50L area 54 of the low beam, that is, 50L ⁇ 15lx; the low beam light has an important part called "III zone 53", which is located above the near-bright-dark cut-off line 51.
  • Objects located above the road surface act as lighting, allowing the driver to obtain information such as signs.
  • the interpretation should be based on the actual installation state and in conjunction with the headlamp optical element 1 itself as the reference orientation term.
  • the terminology is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention. And to simplify the description, rather than indicating or implying that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 of the present invention includes a light collecting part 11, a light emitting part 12 and a reflecting part 13 which are connected in sequence.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 adopts a low beam structure, referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, one end of the reflecting part 13 is connected to the lower part of the light emitting part 12, and the other end is provided with a low beam cut-off line structure for forming a near-bright and dark cut-off line 51 15;
  • the headlamp optical element 1 is a high beam structure, referring to FIG.
  • the reflective portion 13 has a reflective surface
  • the reflective surface is an optical surface for reflecting part of the light emitted by the light portion 12
  • the near-bright dark cut-off line structure 15 and the far-bright dark cut-off line structure 17 are formed on the reflection of the reflective portion 13
  • the near-bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 and the far-bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 can intercept light so that the low-beam light shape and the high-beam light shape of the vehicle light have specific shapes of near-bright and dark cut-off lines 51 and
  • the shape of the far bright and dark cut-off line 52 and the near bright and dark cut-off line 51 are formulated according to different regulations or the different requirements of different countries, regions and automobile manufacturers.
  • a light source 4 is provided at the light collecting part 11.
  • the light collecting part 11 condenses the divergent light emitted by the light source 4 and emits it through the light emitting part 12. Part of the light is directly directed to the lens 2, and the other part of the light is reflected by the reflecting part 13 and then directed to the lens 2. The two parts of light are projected by the lens 2 to form a low-beam shape or a high-beam shape.
  • the light source 4 is preferably an LED light source; the light collecting portion 11 is a light collecting cup structure.
  • a light beam with a small angle can be formed, so that the light emitted by the light source 4 can be completely or mostly incident to the lens 2, achieving high light efficiency while also being able to
  • the size of the lens 2 is reduced, so that the headlamp module tends to be miniaturized.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 with this structure is more lightweight, its space occupied is smaller, and the space utilization efficiency is greatly improved; it can meet the process requirements of integral molding, thereby improving the optical surface on the optical path propagation path. Position accuracy and structure have been relatively simplified.
  • a 50L dark area forming structure 16 is formed on the reflective surface of the reflecting portion 13.
  • the 50L dark area forming structure 16 protrudes from the reflecting portion 13.
  • the brightness of the 50L area 54 is specifically limited, that is, 50L ⁇ 15lx.
  • the light emitted from the light emitting portion 12 to the 50L dark area forming structure 16 passes through After the 50L dark area forming structure 16 is reflected and refracted, the propagation direction of this part of the light is changed so that it hits the area outside the 50L area 54 to reduce the brightness of the low beam 50L area 54 to meet the requirements of regulations.
  • the lower portion of the light collecting portion 11 is provided with a zone III light forming structure 14 so that part of the light converged by the light collecting portion 11 can be emitted from the zone III light forming structure 14 and It is emitted from below the reflecting part 13 to form the light shape of the III zone 53 of the low beam.
  • the prior art III-zone forming structure can be set on the lower surface of the lens, lens holder, or condenser, etc., and some will affect the appearance of the lens, and some will affect the light effect.
  • a zone III light shape forming structure 14 is provided at the lower part of the light collecting portion 11, so that part of the light passing through the light source 4 is emitted from the zone III light shape forming structure 14 and passes under the reflecting portion 13. It is projected to the lens 2 and projected from the lens 2 to the low beam area III, so that neither the appearance of the lens nor the light effect will be affected.
  • the front end of the reflecting portion 13, that is, the end surface away from the light collecting portion 11 may be a concave arc-shaped curved surface with continuous and smooth curvature. Since the near-bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far-bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 is provided on the front edge of the reflecting surface of the reflecting portion 13, that is, the upper or lower edge of the concave arc-shaped curved surface, the near-bright and dark-cut off the vehicle light shape The line 51 or the far light and dark cut-off line 52 is clearer and sharper. Or, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the front end of the reflection portion 13 may also be a flat surface.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 includes at least one light collecting portion 11, preferably, the headlamp optical element 1 may include more than two light collecting portions 11, refer to the headlamp optical element 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 , There are five light collecting parts 11 along the left and right direction of the reflecting part 13, each light collecting part 11 corresponds to a light source 4, and multiple light sources 4 are scattered, which is beneficial to heat dissipation. The use of multiple light collecting parts 11 can improve the The light effect of the headlamp optical element 1.
  • the light collecting part 11 is provided with an inner concave cavity at one end away from the reflecting part 13, and the opening of the inner concave cavity faces the light source 4 to receive the light emitted by the light source 4.
  • the outer contour of the light collecting part 11 The surface 113 is a curved surface that gradually increases in circumference from the end away from the reflecting part 13 to the end close to the reflecting part 13. The light collecting part 11 passes through the front light-incident surface 111 of the inner cavity.
  • the light is refracted to the front, the side light incident surface 112 of the inner cavity body can refract other light emitted by the light source 4, and the refracted light is reflected to the front through the outer contour surface 113, which can basically realize the The convergence and collimation of all the light beams emitted by the light source 4 can achieve the purpose of improving the light beam utilization rate of the light source 4.
  • the light collection portion 11 located in the middle position may be larger in size than the light collection portions 11 located at the two sides, because the light shape formed by the projection of the headlamp optical element 1 requires illumination in the middle area. It is high, and the size of the light collecting part 11 in the middle position is enlarged to be able to gather more light, thereby improving the light efficiency. More vividly, referring to FIG. 11, the light collecting part 11 at the middle position has a larger size.
  • the inner concave cavity of the light collecting part 11 can correspond to more LEDs.
  • the light portion 11 correspondingly forms a light shape with a higher brightness in the central area.
  • the reflective portion 13 has a reflective surface
  • the reflective surface of the reflective portion 13 is an optical surface for receiving part of the light emitted by the light emitting portion 12, and the reflective surface of the reflective portion 13 can be added with a reflective layer to improve the reflectivity of the light.
  • the anti-reflective layer can be an anti-reflective film or anti-reflective coating provided on the reflecting surface, such as aluminizing treatment on the reflecting surface of the reflecting part 13.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a light collecting portion 11, a light emitting portion 12, and a reflecting portion 13, which are sequentially connected.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 adopts a low beam structure, One end of the reflecting part 13 is connected to the lower part of the light emitting part 12, and the other end is provided with a low-beam cut-off line structure 15 for forming a near-bright and dark cut-off line 51.
  • the end surface of the reflection part 13 having a near-bright-dark cut-off line structure 15 has a continuous curvature. And a smooth concave curved surface.
  • the number of light collecting parts 11 is set to five in order to meet the brightness requirements of the low beam
  • the reflective surface of the reflective part 13 is plated with aluminum to improve the light efficiency
  • a 50L dark area forming structure 16 is provided on the reflective surface.
  • a zone III light shape forming structure 14 is provided at the lower part of at least one light collecting part 11 to form the light shape of the low beam III zone 53.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention has simpler structures such as the III zone light shape forming structure 14 and the 50L dark zone forming structure 16, avoiding special structures on the outer surface or inner surface of other elements such as the lens 2 , Increase the beauty of the car lamp, ensure the light effect, and meet the needs of customers.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 has a simple structure and is more lightweight, which meets the process requirements of integral molding, thereby reducing the number of parts. The number and the assembly process make the structure of the assembled car lamp more compact, and at the same time, it can also avoid the assembly error between the optical elements in the assembly process, improve the assembly accuracy, and thus can improve the optical accuracy.
  • the headlamp module disclosed in the present invention includes the headlamp optical element 1 of any one of the above technical solutions, and also includes a lens 2.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 can adopt a split structure, refer to FIGS. 10 to As shown in Fig. 12, the lens 2 is arranged in the light emission direction of the headlamp optical element 1. The two are arranged separately, and the light distribution parameters are many, which is conducive to light distribution.
  • the headlamp optics can also be flexibly arranged according to the needs of the vehicle lamp shape. Element 1 and lens 2 make the shape of the car light more novel and changeable, and meet the needs of users for personalized and technologically sensitive car lamp shape; or the headlamp optical element 1 and lens 2 can also adopt an integrated structure, refer to the figure As shown in Figs.
  • the lens 2 and the headlamp optical element 1 are connected by the connecting plate 3.
  • the headlamp module can be formed by using glass, PC, PMMA or silica gel. The number of parts can be reduced, and the structure of the assembled vehicle lamp can be more compact. At the same time, the assembly error between the optical elements during the assembly process can be avoided, the assembly accuracy can be improved, and the optical accuracy can be improved.
  • the near-bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far-bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 is located 10mm from the upper side to the lower side of the optical axis 21 of the lens 2
  • the near-bright-dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far-bright-dark cut-off line structure 17 is located in the area from 2mm on the upper side to 2mm on the lower side of the optical axis 21 of the lens 2. More preferably, referring to FIG.
  • near The bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far bright and dark cut-off line structure 17 is located at the optical axis 21 of the lens 2, that is, the focal point of the lens 2 is located on the near-bright and dark cut-off line structure 15 or the far-bright and dark cut-off line structure 17, so that the formed light
  • the shape is clearer.
  • the lens 2 is a convex lens. Further preferably, the lens 2 can also adopt the Fresnel lens structure shown in FIG. 17, which can make the headlamp module of the present invention lighter in weight and cost. Lower. It can be understood that the lens 2 with this structure can be applied to the headlamp module in any embodiment of the present invention.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 adopt a split structure, and the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 can be respectively assembled on the mounting bracket of the headlamp module. superior.
  • the headlamp module with a split structure is convenient to adjust the relative positions of the headlamp optical element 1, the lens 2 and other parts, is conducive to light distribution, and can adapt to diversified vehicle lamp shapes.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 and the lens 2 are integrally formed.
  • the light source 4 is arranged at the opening of the concave cavity of the light collecting part 11, and after being condensed by the light collecting part 11, a part of the light directly enters the lens 2;
  • the reflecting surface of the reflecting part 13 is reflected and then injected into the lens 2; a part of the light is emitted to the lens 2 through the bottom of the reflecting part 13.
  • the headlamp module can be formed A low-beam light shape with a near-bright and dark cut-off line 51 and a light shape of the III zone 53, wherein the light that hits the 50L dark zone forming structure 16 changes its propagation direction, so that the brightness of the low-beam 50L zone 54 meets the legal requirements.
  • the headlamp optical element 1 adopts the high beam structure, the light emitted by the light source 4 is condensed by the light collecting part 11, and one part directly enters the lens 2, and the other part is reflected by the reflecting part 13 and then enters the lens 2.
  • a high-beam light shape with a far-bright and dark cut-off line 52 as shown in FIG. 19 is formed.
  • the headlamp module adopts an integrated structure
  • the number of parts can be reduced, and the structure of the assembled car lamp can be more compact.
  • it can also avoid the assembly error between the optical components during the assembly process, and improve the assembly accuracy.
  • the optical precision can be improved and the size of the headlamp module can be reduced, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.
  • at least one inner light distribution lens can be arranged between the integrally formed optical element and the outer light distribution lens. It needs to be shaped, and it can also be a light distribution plastic part with a light distribution function on the back.
  • the lens 2 and the headlight optical element 1 can be connected through a connecting plate 3, one end of the connecting plate 3 is connected to the headlight optical element 1, and the other end is connected to the lens 2.
  • the headlamp module can be integrally formed to improve optical accuracy.
  • the headlamp optical element 1, the lens 2 and the connecting plate are connected by silica gel.
  • the arrangement of the reflector 3 can save materials and reduce costs compared with the prior art concentrator, and make the headlamp module lighter in weight.
  • the vehicle lamp of the present invention including the headlamp module described in any one of the above technical solutions, adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, and therefore has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments .
  • the vehicle of the present invention including the above-mentioned vehicle lamp, adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, and therefore has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments.

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Abstract

一种前照灯光学元件(1)，包括依次连接的集光部(11)、出光部(12)和反射部(13)，反射部(13)的一端与出光部(12)的下部连接，另一端设有用于形成近光明暗截止线(51)的近光截止线结构(15)；或者，反射部(13)的一端与出光部(12)的上部连接，另一端设有用于形成远光明暗截止线(52)的远光截止线结构(17)。该前照灯光学元件(1)结构简单紧凑、重量更轻。一种前照灯模组、车灯和车辆。

Description

前照灯光学元件、前照灯模组、车灯及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2020年1月20提交的中国专利申请202020137908.8的权益，该申请的内容通过引用被合并于本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆照明装置，具体地涉及一种前照灯光学元件。此外，本发明还涉及一种前照灯模组、车灯及车辆。
背景技术
近年来，车灯及装配于车灯中的前照灯模组得到了快速发展，从早先的卤素灯到后来的疝气灯，再到现在的LED、激光光源，使得车灯变得更加智能化，且造型上也更加差异化。在各种车灯光源中，LED光源因其优异的性能和低成本优势，正逐渐得到汽车厂家的重视，而伴随着LED光源的发展，其配光结构也逐渐在发展。
现有技术中的汽车车灯中常用的LED光源的投射式照明系统，一般都包括光源、反射元件、遮光板以及光学透镜。光源发出的光线经反射元件反射后射向遮光板，经遮光板截取后，由光学透镜投射形成带有明暗截止线的类平行光照明光形。但由于LED光源的发光角度大，反射元件的尺寸需要相对光源出光角度有较大的覆盖范围，才能保证一定的系统光效，但这和未来汽车造型越发紧凑的趋势存在突显的矛盾。
近几年，进一步的，聚光器被应用在了汽车前照灯模组中，使得大灯的形式又更加多样化。现有的聚光器具有沿前后方向延伸的导光通道，该导光通道为实心导光体结构，光线经聚光器折射和反射后射向光学透镜， 由光学透镜投射形成照明光形，但由于聚光器的导光通道的体积较大，使得模组较重，模组成本也较高。因此需要一种紧凑、轻巧、高效的光学系统来满足市场强烈的需求。
鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，需要设计一种新型的照明光学元件。
发明内容
本发明第一方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种前照灯光学元件，该前照灯光学元件结构简单紧凑、重量更轻。
本发明第二方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种前照灯模组，该前照灯模组的模组尺寸较小、重量更轻。
本发明第三方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种车灯，该车灯尺寸更小、重量更轻且结构简单紧凑。
本发明第四方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种车辆，该车辆的车灯尺寸更小、重量更轻且结构简单紧凑。
为了实现上述目的，本发明第一方面提供一种前照灯光学元件，包括沿光线出射方向依次连接的集光部、出光部和反射部，所述反射部的一端与所述出光部的下部连接，另一端设有用于形成近光明暗截止线的近光截止线结构；或者，所述反射部的一端与所述出光部的上部连接，另一端设有用于形成远光明暗截止线的远光截止线结构；所述近光截止线结构设于所述反射部的反射面的前边沿；所述集光部为聚光杯结构，所述集光部远离所述反射部的一端开设有内凹腔体，所述内凹腔体包括前入光面和侧入光面，所述前入光面为向远离所述反射部的一侧凸出的曲面，所述侧入光面为由远离所述反射部的一端向靠近所述反射部的一端周长逐渐减小的曲面，所述集光部的外部轮廓面为由远离所述反射部的一端向靠近所述反射部的一端周长逐渐增大的曲面；且所述集光部的下部设有Ⅲ区光形形成结构，所述集光部汇聚的部分光线能够由所述Ⅲ区光形形成结构射出并经所 述反射部下方射出以形成近光的Ⅲ区光形。
优选地，具有所述近光截止线结构的所述反射部的反射面上形成有50L暗区形成结构，所述出光部射向所述50L暗区形成结构的光线能够经所述50L暗区形成结构反射和折射而能够降低近光的50L区域的亮度。
优选地，所述反射部远离所述集光部的一端端面为曲率连续且顺滑的内凹弧状曲面。
优选地，所述集光部的数量为两个以上。
优选地，所述反射部的反射面设有增反层。
本发明第二方面提供一种前照灯模组，包括第一方面技术方案中任一项所述的前照灯光学元件和透镜，所述前照灯光学元件与所述透镜为分体式结构，所述透镜设置于所述前照灯光学元件的光线出射方向上；或者所述前照灯光学元件与所述透镜为一体式结构，所述透镜与所述前照灯光学元件通过连接板连接。
优选地，所述近光截止线结构或所述远光截止线结构位于所述透镜的光轴的上侧10mm至下侧10mm的区域内。
进一步优选地，所述透镜为凸透镜或菲涅尔透镜结构。
本发明第三方面提供一种车灯，包括上述技术方案中任一项所述的前照灯模组。
本发明第四方面提供一种车辆，包括上述技术方案中所述的车灯。
在本发明的基础技术方案中，该前照灯光学元件包括依次连接的集光部、出光部和反射部。通过调节集光部和反射部的相对位置，可以将该前照灯光学元件分别应用于近光照明或远光照明。当前照灯光学元件为近光结构时，反射部的一端与出光部的下部连接，另一端设有用于形成近光明暗截止线的近光截止线结构；当前照灯光学元件为远光结构时，反射部的一端与出光部的上部连接，另一端设有用于形成远光明暗截止线的远光截止线结构。在集光部处设置光源，集光部将光源发出的发散光汇聚，经由 出光部射出，其中部分光线向前射出，另一部分光线经反射部反射后向前射出。采用此种结构的前照灯光学元件，其空间占用体积较小，空间利用效率大幅提高；能够满足一体成型的工艺要求，从而提高了光路传播路径上的光学面之间的位置精度，结构得到了相对简化，且更加轻量化。
有关本发明的其他优点以及优选实施方式的技术效果，将在下文的具体实施方式中进一步说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明的前照灯光学元件的第一个实施例的结构示意图之一；
图2是本发明的前照灯光学元件的第一个实施例的结构示意图之二；
图3是本发明的前照灯光学元件的第一个实施例的结构示意图之三；
图4是本发明的前照灯光学元件的第二个实施例的结构示意图；
图5是本发明的前照灯光学元件的第三个实施例的结构示意图；
图6是本发明的前照灯光学元件的第四个实施例的结构示意图之一；
图7是图6的A处的局部放大图；
图8是本发明的前照灯光学元件的第四个实施例的结构示意图之二；
图9是本发明的前照灯光学元件的第四个实施例的结构示意图之三；
图10是本发明的前照灯模组的第一个实施例的结构示意图之一；
图11是本发明的前照灯模组的第一个实施例的结构示意图之二；
图12是本发明的前照灯模组的第一个实施例的结构示意图之三；
图13是本发明的前照灯模组的第二个实施例的结构示意图之一；
图14是本发明的前照灯模组的第二个实施例的结构示意图之二；
图15是本发明的前照灯模组的第二个实施例的结构示意图之三；
图16是本发明的前照灯模组的第二个实施例的结构示意图之四；
图17是本发明的前照灯模组的第三个实施例的结构示意图；
图18是本发明的前照灯模组形成的近光光形模拟示意图；
图19是本发明的前照灯模组形成的远光光形模拟示意图。
附图标记说明
1-前照灯光学元件         11-集光部
111-前入光面             112-侧入光面
113-外部轮廓面           12-出光部
13-反射部                14-III区光形形成结构
15-近光截止线结构        16-50L暗区形成结构
17-远光截止线结构        2-透镜
21-光轴                  3-连接板
4-光源                   51-近光明暗截止线
52-远光明暗截止线        53-III区
54-50L区域
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”、“设置”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或者是一体连接；可以是直接连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接连接，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
需要理解的是，如图3，基于该前照灯光学元件1，沿光线出射方向，“前”是指反射部13形成有近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17的一端，“后”是指集光部11所在端，该前照灯光学元件1正常安装于车灯上时，“上”是指沿光线出射方向的上方，“下”是指沿光线 出射方向的上方，在上述“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”的基础上可确定“左”、“右”方位。需要说明的是，光轴21为经过透镜2焦点的向前后方向延伸的虚拟的轴；根据《GB4599-2007——汽车用灯丝灯泡前照灯》定义：明暗截止线为光束投射到配光屏幕上，目视感觉到的明暗显著变化的分界线，近光明暗截止线51则指车灯近光光形的上边界，远光明暗截止线52则指车灯远光光形的下边界；法规对近光的50L区域54的亮度有具体限制，即50L≤15lx；近光光形中具有被称为“III区53”的重要组成部分，它位于近光明暗截止线51上方，主要对标志牌等位于路面上方的物体起到照明作用，使驾驶员获取标志牌等信息。在实际安装情况中，应当根据实际安装状态并结合本处前照灯光学元件1本身为基准对方位术语进行解释，术语为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
参考图1至图5所示，本发明的前照灯光学元件1，包括依次连接的集光部11、出光部12和反射部13。当前照灯光学元件1采用近光结构时，参考图1至图4，反射部13的一端与出光部12的下部连接，另一端设有用于形成近光明暗截止线51的近光截止线结构15；当前照灯光学元件1为远光结构时，参考图5，反射部13的一端与出光部12的上部连接，另一端设有用于形成远光明暗截止线52的远光截止线结构17，其中，反射部13具有反射面，该反射面为用于反射出光部12出射的部分光线的光学面，近光明暗截止线结构15和远光明暗截止线结构17形成于反射部13的反射面的前边沿，该近光明暗截止线结构15和远光明暗截止线结构17能够对光线进行截取以使车灯近光光形和远光光形具有特定形状的近光明暗截止线51和远光明暗截止线52，近光明暗截止线51的形状根据不同的法规或者不同国家、区域和汽车厂商的不同要求制定，不局限于附图中所示的形状，远光明暗截止线52应与近光明暗截止线51上下良好衔接。在集光部11处设 置光源4，集光部11将光源4发出的发散光汇聚，经由出光部12射出，其中部分光线直接射向透镜2，另一部分光线经反射部13反射后射向透镜2，两部分光线由透镜2投射后形成近光光形或远光光形。其中，所述光源4优选地为LED光源；所述集光部11为聚光杯结构。光源4发出的光线经集光部11汇聚后，能够形成角度较小的光束，使得该光源4发出的光线能够完全或绝大部分的入射到透镜2，实现较高的光效的同时还能够减小透镜2的尺寸，使得该前照灯模组趋于小型化。采用此种结构的前照灯光学元件1，更加轻量化，其空间占用体积较小，空间利用效率大幅提高；能够满足一体成型的工艺要求，从而提高了光路传播路径上的光学面之间的位置精度，结构得到了相对简化。
优选地，当前照灯光学元件采用近光结构时，反射部13的反射面上形成有50L暗区形成结构16，参考图6和图7，该50L暗区形成结构16为突出于反射部13的反射面的凸起结构。近光光形中对50L区域54的亮度有具体限制，即50L≤15lx，通过在反射面上设置50L暗区形成结构16，由出光部12射向所述50L暗区形成结构16的光线经所述50L暗区形成结构16反射和折射后，改变这部分光线的传播方向，使其射至50L区域54以外的区域，以降低近光的50L区域54的亮度，以符合法规要求。
进一步优选地，参考图8和图9所示，集光部11的下部设有Ⅲ区光形形成结构14，使得集光部11汇聚的部分光线能够由该III区光形形成结构14射出并经反射部13下方射出以形成近光的Ⅲ区53光形。现有技术的III区形成结构可设置在透镜、透镜支架或聚光器的下表面等位置，有的会影响透镜外观，有的会影响光效。而本发明的前照灯光学元件1通过在集光部11的下部设置Ⅲ区光形形成结构14，使得通过光源4的部分光线由该III区光形形成结构14射出，经过反射部13下方射至透镜2，由透镜2投射至近光III区区域，这样，既不影响透镜外观，也不会影响光效。
具体地，参考图4，反射部13的前端，即远离所述集光部11的一端端 面可以为曲率连续且顺滑的内凹弧状曲面。由于近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17设于反射部13的反射面的前边沿，即该内凹弧状曲面的上边沿或下边沿，使得车灯光形的近光明暗截止线51或远光明暗截止线52更加清晰锐利。或者，参考图1至图3，该反射部13的前端也可以为平面。
该前照灯光学元件1包括至少一个集光部11，优选地，该前照灯光学元件1可以包括两个以上集光部11，参考图1至图6所示的前照灯光学元件1，沿反射部13的左右方向设有五个集光部11，每个集光部11均对应一个光源4，多个光源4分散设置，有利于散热，采用多个集光部11可以提高该前照灯光学元件1的光效。
作为一种优选地结构形式，该集光部11远离反射部13的一端开设有内凹腔体，内凹腔体的开口朝向光源4以接收光源4发出的光线，集光部11的外部轮廓面113为由远离反射部13的一端向靠近所述反射部13的一端周长逐渐增大的曲面，集光部11通过内凹腔体的前入光面111可将光源4所发出的部分光线折射至前方，该内凹腔体的侧入光面112可对光源4所发出的其它光线进行折射，且将折射后的光线再通过外部轮廓面113反射至前方，由此可基本实现对光源4发出的所有光束的汇聚准直，可达到提高光源4的光束利用率的目的。
进一步优选地，位于中间位置的集光部11可以相较于位于两侧位置的集光部11的尺寸更大，这是因为该前照灯光学元件1投射形成的光形的中间区域照度要求高，将中间位置的集光部11尺寸做大，以能够汇聚更多的光线，从而提高光效。更加形象的，参考图11所示，位于中间位置的集光部11的尺寸更大，相应的，该集光部11的内凹腔体能够对应更多颗的LED，该LED光源与该集光部11对应形成中心区域亮度更高的光形。
优选地，反射部13具有反射面，所述反射部13的反射面为用于接收出光部12出射的部分光线的光学面，反射部13的反射面可以增设增反层 以提高光线的反射率，其中，增反层可以是设置于反射面上的增反膜或增反涂层，常见的，如在反射部13的反射面镀铝处理。
本发明的优选实施方式的前照灯光学元件1，参考图6，包括依次连接的集光部11、出光部12和反射部13，具体地，该前照灯光学元件1采用近光结构，反射部13的一端与出光部12的下部连接，另一端设有用于形成近光明暗截止线51的近光截止线结构15，反射部13具有近光明暗截止线结构15的一端端面为曲率连续且顺滑的内凹弧状曲面。其中，集光部11的数量设置为五个以达到近光的亮度要求，在反射部13的反射面上镀铝处理以提高光效，并且，在反射面上设置50L暗区形成结构16以满足近光50L区域54的亮度要求，在至少一个集光部11的下部设置Ⅲ区光形形成结构14以形成近光Ⅲ区53光形。本发明优选实施方式的前照灯光学元件1，其III区光形形成结构14和50L暗区形成结构16等结构较简单，避免了在透镜2等其他元件的外表面或内表面做特殊结构，增加了车灯的美观性，保证了光效，满足了客户的需求，并且，该前照灯光学元件1的结构简单，且更加轻量化，符合一体成型的工艺要求，从而减少了零件个数和装配工序，使得装配后的车灯结构更加紧凑，同时，还能够避免在装配过程中各光学元件之间的装配误差，提高装配精度，从而能够提高光学精度。
本发明公开的前照灯模组，包括上述技术方案中任一项的前照灯光学元件1，还包括透镜2，前照灯光学元件1与透镜2可以采用分体式结构，参考图10至图12所示，透镜2设置于前照灯光学元件1的光线出射方向上，两者分开设置，配光参数多，有利于配光，还可以根据车灯造型需要灵活布置该前照灯光学元件1和透镜2，使得车灯造型更加新颖、多变，满足用户对于个性化、科技感的车灯造型的需要；或者前照灯光学元件1与透镜2也可以采用一体式结构，参考图13至图16所示，透镜2与前照灯光学元件1通过连接板3连接，此种一体式结构下，该前照灯模组可以采用玻璃、PC、PMMA或硅胶等材质实现一体成型，能够减少零件数量，使 得装配后的车灯结构更加紧凑，同时，还能够避免在装配过程中各光学元件之间的装配误差，提高装配精度，从而能够提高光学精度。
为了形成清晰的光形，需要调节反射部13与透镜2的相对位置，使得近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17位于透镜2的光轴21的上侧10mm至下侧10mm的区域内，优选地，近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17位于透镜2的光轴21的上侧2mm至下侧2mm的区域内，进一步优选地，参考图12，近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17位于透镜2的光轴21处，即透镜2的焦点位于近光明暗截止线结构15或远光明暗截止线结构17上，使得形成的光形更加清晰。
参考图10至图16所示，透镜2为凸透镜，进一步优选地，透镜2还可以采用参考图17所示的菲涅尔透镜结构，可以使得本发明的前照灯模组重量更轻、成本更低。可以理解的是，该种结构的透镜2可以适用于本发明的任一种实施方式中的前照灯模组。
在图10至图12所示出的实施例中，前照灯光学元件1与透镜2采用分体式结构，该前照灯光学元件1和透镜2可以分别装配于前照灯模组的安装支架上。采用分体式结构的前照灯模组便于调节前照灯光学元件1、透镜2和其他零件的相对位置，有利于配光，能够适应多样化的车灯造型。
在图13至图16所示出的实施例中，前照灯光学元件1与透镜2一体成型。当该前照灯光学元件1采用近光结构时，光源4设置于集光部11的内凹腔体的开口处，经集光部11汇聚后，一部分光线直接射入透镜2；一部分光线由反射部13的反射面反射后再射入透镜2；一部分光线经反射部13下方射出至透镜2，以上三部分光线经透镜2投射后，参考图18所示，该前照灯模组能够形成具有近光明暗截止线51和Ⅲ区53光形的近光光形，其中，射至50L暗区形成结构16的光线改变传播方向，使得近光的50L区域54的亮度符合法规要求。当该前照灯光学元件1采用远光结构时，光源4发出的光线经集光部11汇聚后，一部分直接射入透镜2，另一部分由反 射部13反射后射入透镜2，以上两部分光线经透镜2投射后，形成如图19所示的具有远光明暗截止线52的远光光形。该前照灯模组采用一体式结构时，能够减少零件数量，使得装配后的车灯结构更加紧凑，同时，还能够避免在装配过程中各光学元件之间的装配误差，提高装配精度，从而能够提高光学精度、缩小该前照灯模组的尺寸，从而提高生产效率、降低生产成本。需要说明的是，该前照灯模组采用一体式结构时，仅需要一个前照灯光学元件1与透镜2一体成型的光学元件就可以实现照明光形，不需要设置其他光学元件，结构简单。当然，为了车灯造型等需求，可以在该一体成型的光学元件和外配光镜之间设置至少一个内配光镜，该内配光镜可以是普通等壁厚塑料件，只为呈现所需造型，还可以是背面具有配光功能的配光塑料件。
在图13至图17所示出的实施例中，透镜2与前照灯光学元件1可以通过连接板3连接，连接板3一端与前照灯光学元件1连接，另一端与透镜2连接。此种结构下，该前照灯模组能够一体成型提高光学精度。当然，也可以通过连接板3装配连接透镜2和前照灯光学元件1，如前照灯光学元件1、透镜2和连接板通过硅胶连接。反射部3的设置，相比现有技术中的聚光器可以节省材料、降低成本，使得前照灯模组更加轻量化。
本发明的车灯，包括上述任一项技术方案中所述的前照灯模组，采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果。
本发明的车辆，包括上述车灯，采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，包括各个具体技术特征以任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。但这些简单 变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，包括沿光线出射方向依次连接的集光部(11)、出光部(12)和反射部(13)，
    所述反射部(13)的一端与所述出光部(12)的下部连接，另一端设有用于形成近光明暗截止线(51)的近光截止线结构(15)；或者，
    所述反射部(13)的一端与所述出光部(12)的上部连接，另一端设有用于形成远光明暗截止线(52)的远光截止线结构(17)；
    所述近光截止线结构(15)设于所述反射部(13)的反射面的前边沿；所述集光部(11)为聚光杯结构，所述集光部(11)远离所述反射部(13)的一端开设有内凹腔体，所述内凹腔体包括前入光面(111)和侧入光面(112)，所述前入光面(111)为向远离所述反射部(13)的一侧凸出的曲面，所述侧入光面(112)为由远离所述反射部(13)的一端向靠近所述反射部(13)的一端周长逐渐减小的曲面，所述集光部(11)的外部轮廓面(113)为由远离所述反射部(13)的一端向靠近所述反射部(13)的一端周长逐渐增大的曲面；且所述集光部(11)的下部设有Ⅲ区光形形成结构(14)，所述集光部(11)汇聚的部分光线能够由所述Ⅲ区光形形成结构(14)射出并经所述反射部(13)下方射出以形成近光的Ⅲ区(53)光形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，具有所述近光截止线结构(15)的所述反射部(13)的反射面上形成有50L暗区形成结构(16)，所述出光部(12)射向所述50L暗区形成结构(16)的光线能够经所述50L暗区形成结构(16)反射和折射而能够降低近光的50L区域(54)的亮度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述反射部(13)远离所述集光部(11)的一端端面为曲率连续且顺滑的内凹弧状曲 面。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述集光部(11)的数量为两个以上。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的前照灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述反射部(13)的反射面设有增反层。
  6. 一种前照灯模组，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的前照灯光学元件(1)和透镜(2)，所述前照灯光学元件(1)与所述透镜(2)为分体式结构，所述透镜(2)设置于所述前照灯光学元件(1)的光线出射方向上；或者所述前照灯光学元件(1)与所述透镜(2)为一体式结构，所述透镜(2)与所述前照灯光学元件(1)通过连接板(3)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的前照灯模组，其特征在于，所述近光截止线结构(15)或所述远光截止线结构(17)位于所述透镜(2)的光轴(21)的上侧10mm至下侧10mm的区域内。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的前照灯模组，其特征在于，所述透镜(2)为凸透镜或菲涅尔透镜结构。
  9. 一种车灯，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的前照灯模组。
  10. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求9所述的车灯。
PCT/CN2021/071515 2020-01-20 2021-01-13 前照灯光学元件、前照灯模组、车灯及车辆 WO2021147732A1 (zh)

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