WO2022012211A1 - 车灯光学元件、车灯模组和车辆 - Google Patents

车灯光学元件、车灯模组和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022012211A1
WO2022012211A1 PCT/CN2021/098405 CN2021098405W WO2022012211A1 WO 2022012211 A1 WO2022012211 A1 WO 2022012211A1 CN 2021098405 W CN2021098405 W CN 2021098405W WO 2022012211 A1 WO2022012211 A1 WO 2022012211A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
vehicle
optical element
cut
reflecting surface
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/098405
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董世琨
刘正楠
何士群
王铿
刘阳
樊露青
桑文慧
Original Assignee
华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
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Application filed by 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
Priority to EP21842368.9A priority Critical patent/EP4170229A4/en
Publication of WO2022012211A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022012211A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/24—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/322—Optical layout thereof the reflector using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/36—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors
    • F21S41/365—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors successively reflecting the light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F21W2102/135—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/30—Fog lights
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle lighting device, in particular, to an optical element of a vehicle light.
  • the present invention also relates to a vehicle lamp module and a vehicle including the vehicle lamp optical element.
  • Lighting modules with LED light sources commonly used in automotive lamps in the prior art generally include a light source, a reflective element, a shading plate, a lens and a mounting bracket. After the shading plate is intercepted, the required parallel light-like illumination light shape is formed by projection by the lens. There are many parts and types in the lighting module of the prior art.
  • the manufacturing error of the parts and the assembly error between the parts will affect the accuracy of the optical system, thereby affecting the lighting light shape;
  • the shading plate , brackets and other parts also increase the cost of the lighting module, and increase the difficulty of positioning and installation of the lighting module; moreover, the front and rear propagation distance of the light in the above-mentioned lighting system is long, and the distance between the reflective element and the lens is long, which increases the The length of the lighting module has a prominent contradiction with the trend of more and more compact shape of future lights.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle light optical element, which is miniaturized and has a higher degree of integration.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the second aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle lamp module, which is miniaturized and has a higher degree of integration.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the third aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle whose lamp module is miniaturized and has a higher degree of integration.
  • one aspect of the present invention provides an optical element for a vehicle light, which includes a light-passing part and a light-exiting part, and the light-passing part includes a light incident surface, a first reflecting surface and a second reflecting surface, the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface.
  • the reflective surface and the second reflective surface are disposed opposite to each other, so that the light received by the light incident surface is reflected by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface in turn and then directed to the light exit portion.
  • the first reflecting surface can reflect the light received by the light incident surface backward or upward to the second reflecting surface, and the rear edge of the first reflecting surface forms a cut-off line structure; or, the The first reflection surface can reflect the light received by the light incident surface downward to the second reflection surface, and the rear edge of the second reflection surface forms a cut-off line structure.
  • the first reflective surface can reflect the light received by the light incident surface backward or upward to the second reflective surface, the rear edge of the first reflective surface forms a cut-off line structure, and the first reflective surface forms a cut-off line structure.
  • the light converging point of the optical system formed by the two reflecting surfaces and the light exit part is located at the cut-off line structure; or, the first reflecting surface can reflect the light received by the light incident surface downward to the second Two reflective surfaces, the rear edge of the second reflective surface forms a cut-off line structure, and the light converging point of the optical system formed by the first reflective surface, the second reflective surface and the light exit portion is located at the cut-off line structure .
  • the light-passing portion is provided with a protruding structure, and the rear surface of the protruding structure intersects the light-passing portion to form a cut-off line structure.
  • the light converging point of the optical system formed by the first reflecting surface, the second reflecting surface and the light exit part is located at the cut-off line structure.
  • the cut-off line structure is a curve with inflection points curved forward on both sides; or the cut-off line structure is a smooth curve curved forward on both sides.
  • the optical element of the headlight further comprises a condensing portion disposed behind the light incident surface, and the condensing portion is a condensing cup structure; cone structure.
  • the condensing portion is a condensing cup structure, and the outer contour surface of the light concentrating portion gradually increases in diameter from the end away from the light passing portion to the end close to the light passing portion A large curved surface, the concave cavity is opened at the end of the light collecting part away from the light passing part, and the concave cavity includes a front light incident surface and a side light incident surface, and the front light incident surface is facing away from the light passing part.
  • One side of the light-passing portion is a convex curved surface, and the side light incident surface is a curved surface whose diameter gradually decreases from one end away from the light-passing portion to an end close to the light-passing portion.
  • the headlight optical element is an integrally formed solid light conductor.
  • the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface are provided with a coated reflective layer.
  • the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface are flat surfaces.
  • the light emitting portion includes a light emitting surface, and the light emitting surface is a forward convex curved surface.
  • a second aspect of the present invention further provides a vehicle lamp module, comprising a light source and the vehicle lamp optical element according to any one of the technical solutions of the first aspect, wherein the light source is disposed behind the light incident surface.
  • a third aspect of the present invention further provides a vehicle, including the vehicle lamp module according to the technical solution of the second aspect.
  • the light shape can be formed independently, no other optical components are required, the integration degree is high, the connection structure between the optical components is omitted, the cost is reduced, and the manufacturing error and installation caused by many and complicated parts are avoided. error, to ensure the accuracy and stability of the light shape;
  • the use of the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface shortens the front and rear propagation distance of the light, so that the space occupied by the optical element is smaller, the space utilization efficiency of the vehicle lamp is greatly improved, and the degree of miniaturization of the vehicle lamp is high;
  • the structure is simple, thereby reducing the structural complexity of the lamp module, simplifying the production process flow, speeding up the production cycle, saving production costs, avoiding assembly errors, and ensuring the stability of the emitted light shape.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the second embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the second structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the optical path schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the third embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is the second structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is the third structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the optical path schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is the left side view of Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 11 is the bottom view of Fig. 7;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the fifth embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is the second structural schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the fifth embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the sixth embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • 17 is the second structural schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the sixth embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention.
  • 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the seventh embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention and a schematic diagram of its optical path;
  • 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the eighth embodiment of the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention and a schematic diagram of its optical path;
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the installation of the light source and the condensing part of the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned light exit direction is the direction of the exit light from the optical element of the vehicle light.
  • the cut-off line of light and dark is the dividing line where the light beam is projected on the light distribution screen and the light and dark change significantly by visual perception. The upper boundary of the light shape.
  • first and second are only used for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • a “second” feature may expressly or implicitly include one or more of the stated feature.
  • the terms “installation” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or It is an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements.
  • installation and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or It is an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements.
  • At least one inner light distribution mirror can be arranged between the optical element of the headlight and the outer light distribution mirror, and the inner light distribution mirror can be an ordinary In order to present the desired shape, it can also be a light distribution plastic part with a light distribution function on the back.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides an optical element for a vehicle light, including a light-passing portion 2 and a light-emitting portion 3 arranged in sequence, and the light-passing portion 2 includes a light incident surface 25 , a first reflecting surface 21 and a first Two reflecting surfaces 22 .
  • the light incident surface 25 can be a plane or a curved surface that protrudes backwards.
  • the light is emitted from the light incident surface 25 to the light passage portion 2.
  • the first reflecting surface 21 and the second reflecting surface 22 are arranged opposite to each other, so that the light passes through the A reflective surface 21 and a second reflective surface 22 reflect and emit toward the light exit portion 3 .
  • the first reflective surface 21 and the second reflective surface 22 are arranged in front of each other, the light received by the light incident surface 25 is directed to the first reflective surface 21 first, and the first reflective surface 21 can reflect the light backward to the second reflective surface 22.
  • the second reflective surface 22 then reflects the light forward to the light-emitting portion 3, and the light-emitting portion 3 projects to form an emergent light shape;
  • the light first strikes the first reflection surface 21 , and the first reflection surface 21 can reflect the light upward or downward to the second reflection surface 22 and then to the light exit portion 3 , and the light exit portion 3 projects to form an exit light shape.
  • the lighting modules in the prior art generally include a light source, a reflective element, a shading plate, a lens and a mounting bracket.
  • the light emitted by the light source is reflected by the reflective element and then directed to the shading plate.
  • the lighting module of this structure has a large number and types of parts, low positioning accuracy, and the front and rear propagation distance of the light is long, and the distance between the reflective element and the lens is long, resulting in a long length of the lighting module.
  • the arrangement flexibility in the limited space of the lights is not high.
  • the optical element of the headlight of the present invention cleverly uses the first reflection surface 21 and the second reflection surface 22 to change the direction of light transmission in the optical element of the headlight, so that the light received by the light incident surface 25 passes through the first reflection surface 21 in turn. After being reflected by the second reflecting surface 22, it is emitted to the light emitting part 3, so that the light travel distance is shortened and the space occupied by the optical element of the vehicle light in the front and rear directions of the vehicle lamp is reduced under the condition of the same optical path.
  • the optical element of the vehicle light of the basic technical solution of the present invention can independently form a light shape, does not require other optical elements such as a shading plate, a lens, etc., has a high degree of integration, and can also avoid assembly errors generated between the optical elements during the assembly process.
  • the use of the first reflection surface 21 and the second reflection surface 22 shortens the front and rear propagation distance of the light, so that the space occupied by the optical element of the vehicle light is smaller and the structure is more compact, It has a high degree of miniaturization and is more flexible in the layout of the lamp, which meets the needs of users for personalized and technologically oriented lamp shapes; in addition, the optical components of the lamp have a simple structure, which reduces the assembly and dimming difficulty of the lamp module. , simplifies the production process flow, speeds up the production cycle, saves production costs, avoids assembly errors, and ensures the stability of the output light shape.
  • the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention can be used to realize various lighting light shapes, and can be applied to various lighting vehicle lamps, such as high beam, low beam, corner lamp or fog lamp, etc. It is possible to form an illuminating light shape with a near light and dark cut-off line.
  • the first reflection surface 21 reflects the light backward to the second reflection.
  • surface 22, and a cut-off line structure 24a is formed at the intersection of the lower surface of the light-passing portion 2 and the first reflection surface 21, that is, at the rear edge of the first reflection surface 21; or, referring to FIGS.
  • the first The reflection surface 21 reflects the light upward to the second reflection surface 22, and a cut-off line structure 24a is formed at the intersection of the lower surface of the light-passing portion 2 and the first reflection surface 21, that is, at the rear edge of the first reflection surface 21; or 19, the first reflective surface 21 reflects the light downward to the second reflective surface 22, and the intersection of the lower surface of the light-passing portion 2 and the second reflective surface 22, that is, at the rear edge of the second reflective surface 22 A cutoff line structure 24c is formed.
  • the light incident from the light incident surface 25 is sequentially reflected by the first reflecting surface 21 and the second reflecting surface 22 and then exits the light exit portion 3 , and is projected by the light exit portion 3 to form an illuminating light shape.
  • the light beams directed to the cut-off line structure 24 a are reflected by the second reflecting surface 22 and then directed to the light-emitting portion 3 , and are projected by the light-emitting portion 3 to form illumination light.
  • the cut-off line of light and dark is located at the upper boundary of the illumination light shape.
  • the light emitted to the first reflecting surface 21 is reflected by the second reflecting surface 22 and then directed to the light-emitting part 3, and is projected by the light-emitting part 3 to form illumination Light shape; in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the light incident on the cut-off line structure 24c is sequentially reflected by the first reflecting surface 21 and the second reflecting surface 22 and then directed to the light-exiting part 3 and projected by the light-exiting part 3
  • the light and dark cut-off line of the illumination light shape is then formed, and the light and dark cut-off line is located at the upper boundary of the illumination light shape. After projection, the illumination light shape is formed.
  • the cut-off line structure 24a and the cut-off line structure 24c can be broken lines or curves with inflection points, and are used to form a near light and dark cut-off line with inflection points.
  • Main low beam light shape; the cut-off line structure 24a and the cut-off line structure 24c can also be straight lines or arcs, used to form a horizontal near light and dark cut-off line, and the illumination light shape can be auxiliary low beam projected to the low beam widening area light shape.
  • the first reflecting surface 21 reflects the light received by the light incident surface 25 backwards or upwards to the second reflecting surface 22 , and the cut-off line structure 24a is formed on the second reflecting surface 22 .
  • the light converging point of the optical system formed by the second reflective surface 22 and the light exit portion 3 is located at or near the cut-off line structure 24a.
  • the light converging point of the optical system refers to the parallel light incident on the second reflection surface 22 from the front of the light exit part 3 , and after being reflected by the second reflection surface 22 to the cutoff line structure 24a or its vicinity, the parallel light rays enter the cutoff line structure 24a after being reflected by the second reflection surface 22 . or the point where the area around it converges. More vividly, the second reflective surface 22 is a plane, and the parallel light is incident from the front of the light-emitting portion 3 and is refracted by the light-emitting portion 3 to form a focus.
  • the reversibility of the light emitted from the light converging point is the same as the light path of the light emitted from the above-mentioned focal point directly exiting through the light outlet 3 after being reflected by the second reflecting surface 22 to the light exit part 3, and the former is shorter than the latter. the forward and backward propagation distance of the light.
  • a cut-off line structure 24 c is formed behind the second reflecting surface 22 .
  • the light converging point of the optical system formed by the first reflecting surface 21 , the second reflecting surface 22 and the light exit portion 3 is located at the cut-off line structure 24c.
  • the light converging point of the optical system means that the parallel light enters the second reflection surface 22 from the front of the light exit portion 3 , and then is reflected by the second reflection surface 22 and the first reflection surface 21 to the cut-off line structure 24c or its vicinity. , a point that converges on or near the cut-off line structure 24c. More vividly, the first reflective surface 21 and the second reflective surface 22 are planes, and the parallel light incident from the front of the light-emitting portion 3 is refracted by the light-emitting portion 3 and then converges to form a focus.
  • the above-mentioned light-converging point is symmetrical with respect to the first reflecting surface 21.
  • the light emitted from the light-converging point is sequentially reflected by the first reflecting surface 21 and the second reflecting surface 22 to the light exit portion 3 and the light path exiting is the same as that of the light exiting portion 3.
  • the light rays exiting from the above-mentioned focal point have the same optical path directly exiting through the light exit part 3 , and the former shortens the back and forth propagation distance of the light rays compared with the latter.
  • the lower part of the light-passing portion 2 is provided with a protruding structure 23 , and the rear surface of the protruding structure 23 is connected to the light-passing structure 23 .
  • Sections 2 intersect to form cutoff line structures 24b.
  • the light incident from the light incident surface 25 is sequentially reflected by the first reflecting surface 21 and the second reflecting surface 22 and then directed to the light exit portion 3, and is projected by the light exit portion 3 to form an illuminating light shape, wherein the light reaches the cut-off line
  • the light on the structure 24b is reflected by the first reflective surface 21 and the second reflective surface 22 in turn and then directed to the light-exiting part 3, and is projected by the light-exiting part 3 to form a cut-off line of illumination light shape, and the cut-off line of light and dark is the illumination light. upper boundary of the shape.
  • the cut-off line structure 24b can be a broken line or a curved line with an inflection point, and is used to form a low-beam and dark cut-off line with an inflection point, and its lighting light shape can be a complete low-beam shape or a main low-beam projected to the central area of the low-beam Light shape:
  • the cut-off line structure 24b can also be a straight line or an arc, which is used to form a horizontal near-light and dark cut-off line, and its illumination light shape can be the auxiliary low-beam light shape projected to the low-beam widening area.
  • the light converging point of the optical system formed by the first reflecting surface 21 , the second reflecting surface 22 and the light exit portion 3 is located on or near the cut-off line structure 24 b .
  • the light converging point of the optical system means that the parallel light enters the second reflection surface 22 from the front of the light exit part 3 , and then is reflected by the second reflection surface 22 and the first reflection surface 21 to the cut-off line structure 24 b or its vicinity. , the point where the parallel rays converge on or near the cut-off line structure 24b. More vividly, referring to FIG.
  • the first reflective surface 21 and the second reflective surface 22 are planes, and the parallel light rays incident in front of the light-emitting portion 3 are refracted by the light-emitting portion 3 and then converge to form a focus, which is symmetrical with respect to the second reflective surface 22 .
  • the symmetry point of the light ray converging point is symmetrical with respect to the first reflecting surface 21. Therefore, according to the reversibility of light, the light emitted from the light converging point is sequentially reflected by the first reflecting surface 21 and the second reflecting surface 22 to the light exit part 3.
  • the outgoing optical path is the same as the optical path of the light exiting from the above-mentioned focal point directly exiting through the light exit part 3 , and the former shortens the back and forth propagation distance of the light compared with the latter.
  • the cut-off line structure 24b is a curve with an inflection point bent forward on both sides, which can form a low-light and dark cut-off line with an inflection point, which is then used for low-beam lamps Or the main low beam module in the low beam; or, referring to FIGS. 11 to 12 , the cutoff line structure 24b is a smooth curve curved forward on both sides, which can form a horizontal cutoff line with no inflection point, which is used for near Auxiliary low beam module in the light.
  • the two sides of the cut-off line structure 24b are bent forward to form a curve that protrudes backwards, so that the cut-off line imaging of the emergent light shape is clearer and sharper, or it can also be a straight line.
  • the design of the optical element of the headlight is flexible. According to the design space in different headlights, by adding a raised structure 23 and adjusting the positions of the cut-off structures 24a, 24b and 24c, it can be applied to a variety of headlights in different design spaces. Adjustment for left and right driving positions has wide applicability. Alternatively, referring to FIG.
  • the optical element of the headlight may not be provided with the convex structure 23 and the cut-off line structures 24a, 24b, 24c, and then be used for other headlights such as high beams, corner lights, fog lights, etc.
  • the rising structure 23 and the cut-off line structures 24a, 24b, 24c form a high beam beam shape with a cut-off lower boundary.
  • the optical element of the vehicle light of the present invention further includes a condensing portion 1 disposed behind the light incident surface 25.
  • the condensing portion 1 is a condensing cup structure; Back convex surface structure or cone structure, etc.
  • the condensing portion 1 of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned structure, and can also be other structures, all of which are used to gather and collimate light. Therefore, other light-concentrating structures also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the condensing part 1 is a condensing cup structure, and the outer contour surface of the condensing part 1 is a curved surface whose diameter gradually increases from the end far from the light-transmitting part 2 to the end close to the light-transmitting part 2 ,
  • the concave cavity is provided at one end of the light collecting part 1 away from the light passing part 2 .
  • the concave cavity includes a front light incident surface and a side light incident surface.
  • the curved surface, the side light incident surface is a curved surface whose diameter gradually decreases from the end away from the light-transmitting part 2 to the end close to the light-transmitting part 2 .
  • the opening of the concave cavity faces the light source 4 to receive the light emitted by the light source 4.
  • the light collecting part 1 can refract part of the light emitted by the light source 4 to the front through the front light incident surface of the concave cavity.
  • the side light incident surface of the concave cavity can refract other light emitted by the light source 4, and the refracted light can be reflected to the front through the outer contour surface, so that the convergence and alignment of all the light beams emitted by the light source 4 can be basically realized.
  • the purpose of improving the beam utilization rate of the light source 4 can be achieved.
  • the divergent light after the divergent light is refracted or reflected by the condensing part 1, it can form a light beam with a smaller angle, so that the light emitted by the light source 4 can be completely or mostly incident on the first reflecting surface 21, so as to achieve a higher light effect. .
  • the optical element of the headlight is an integrally formed solid light conductor. Since the light is always transmitted in the same medium, the light will not be attenuated substantially, and the optical efficiency of the optical element of the headlight is high.
  • materials such as glass, PC, PMMA or silica gel can be used for integral molding, which not only simplifies the production process, saves production costs, but also reduces the number of parts, making the assembled lamp structure more compact.
  • the assembly error between the optical elements in the assembly process can be avoided, the assembly accuracy can be improved, the optical accuracy can be improved, and the output light shape can be guaranteed to be stable.
  • the first reflection surface 21 and the second reflection surface 22 are provided with a coated reflection layer.
  • the coated reflective layer can be an aluminum-plated layer, a chrome-plated layer, or a silver-plated layer.
  • the coated reflective layer can improve the reflectivity of each reflective surface, thereby improving the utilization of light.
  • a coated reflective layer is only provided on the local area of the second reflective surface 22 for reflecting light.
  • the uppermost and lowermost parts of the second reflective surface 22 do not play the role of reflecting light, therefore, the above two parts may not be provided with a coated reflective layer, and only a coated reflective layer can be provided in the middle position of the second reflective surface 22 .
  • the first reflection surface 21 and the second reflection surface 22 are flat surfaces.
  • the light emitting portion 3 includes a light emitting surface 31 , and the light emitting surface 31 is a curved surface protruding forward, so as to play the role of converging and collimating light.
  • the light emitting surface 31 is a curved surface protruding forward, so as to play the role of converging and collimating light.
  • other forms of optical surfaces with converging and collimating functions can also be used.
  • the vehicle lamp module of the present invention includes the vehicle lamp optical element in the technical solution of the first aspect, and therefore at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the above-mentioned technical solution of the vehicle lamp optical element, which will not be repeated here.
  • the vehicle of the present invention may include the lamp module in the above-mentioned embodiments, and therefore at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments of the vehicle lamp module.

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Abstract

一种车灯光学元件、车灯模组及车辆，车灯光学元件包括通光部（2）和出光部（3），通光部（2）包括入光面（25）、第一反射面（21）和第二反射面（22），第一反射面（21）和第二反射面（22）相对设置，以使得入光面（25）接收的光线依次经第一反射面（21）和第二反射面（22）反射后射向出光部（3）。车灯光学元件小型化、集成化程度更高。

Description

车灯光学元件、车灯模组和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2020年07月13日提交的中国专利申请202010669827.7的权益，该申请的内容通过引用被合并于本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆照明装置，具体地，涉及一种车灯光学元件。此外，本发明还涉及一种包括所述车灯光学元件的车灯模组和车辆。
背景技术
近年来，车灯及装配于车灯中的车灯模组得到了快速发展，从早先的卤素灯到后来的疝气灯，再到现在的LED、激光光源，使得车灯变得更加智能化，且造型上也更加差异化。在各种车灯光源中，LED光源因其优异的性能和低成本优势，逐渐得到汽车厂家的重视，而伴随着LED光源的发展，其配光结构也逐渐在发展。
现有技术中的汽车车灯中常用的具有LED光源的照明模组，一般都包括光源、反射元件、遮光板、透镜以及安装支架，光源发出的光线经反射元件反射后射向遮光板，经遮光板截取后，由透镜投射形成所需的类平行光照明光形。现有技术的照明模组中零件数量及种类较多，一方面会因为零件所存在的制造误差和零件之间的装配误差，影响光学系统的精度，进而影响照明光形，另一方面遮光板、支架等零件也增加了照明模组的成本，增加了照明模组的定位和安装的难度；而且，上述照明系统中光线的前后传播距离较长、反射元件与透镜的距离较远，增加了照明模组的长度，这和未来车灯造型越发紧凑的趋势存在突出的矛盾。
有鉴于此，需要设计一种新型的车灯光学元件。
发明内容
本发明第一方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种车灯光学元件，该车灯光学元件小型化、集成化程度更高。
本发明第二方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种车灯模组，该车灯模组小 型化、集成化程度更高。
本发明第三方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种车辆，该车辆的车灯模组小型化、集成化程度更高。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明一方面提供一种车灯光学元件，包括通光部和出光部，所述通光部包括入光面、第一反射面和第二反射面，所述第一反射面和所述第二反射面相对设置，以使得所述入光面接收的光线依次经所述第一反射面和所述第二反射面反射后射向所述出光部。
优选地，所述第一反射面能够将所述入光面接收的光线向后或向上反射至所述第二反射面，所述第一反射面的后边缘形成截止线结构；或者，所述第一反射面能够将所述入光面接收的光线向下反射至所述第二反射面，所述第二反射面的后边缘形成截止线结构。
进一步优选地，所述第一反射面能够将所述入光面接收的光线向后或向上反射至所述第二反射面，所述第一反射面的后边缘形成截止线结构，所述第二反射面与所述出光部共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于所述截止线结构处；或者，所述第一反射面能够将所述入光面接收的光线向下反射至所述第二反射面，所述第二反射面的后边缘形成截止线结构，所述第一反射面、第二反射面与所述出光部共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于所述截止线结构处。
优选地，所述通光部上设有凸起结构，所述凸起结构的后表面与所述通光部相交形成截止线结构。
进一步优选地，所述第一反射面、第二反射面与出光部共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于所述截止线结构处。
进一步优选地，所述截止线结构为两侧向前弯曲的具有拐点的曲线；或者所述截止线结构为两侧向前弯曲的平滑曲线。
优选地，所述车灯光学元件还包括设置于所述入光面后方的聚光部，所述聚光部为聚光杯结构；或者所述聚光部为向后凸出的曲面结构或锥体结构。
作为一种具体的结构形式，所述聚光部为聚光杯结构，所述聚光部的外部轮廓面为由远离所述通光部的一端向靠近所述通光部的一端口径逐渐增大的曲面，所述聚光部远离所述通光部的一端开设有内凹腔体，所述内凹腔体包括前入光面和侧入光面，所述前入光面为向远离所述通光部的一侧凸出的曲面，所述侧 入光面为由远离所述通光部的一端向靠近所述通光部的一端口径逐渐减小的曲面。
优选地，所述车灯光学元件为一体成型的实心光导体。
具体地，所述第一反射面、第二反射面上具有镀膜反射层。
更具体地，所述第一反射面和第二反射面为平面。
优选地，所述出光部包括出光面，所述出光面为向前凸出的曲面。
本发明第二方面还提供一种车灯模组，包括光源和第一方面技术方案中任一项所述的车灯光学元件，所述光源设于所述入光面的后方。
本发明第三方面还提供一种车辆，包括根据第二方面技术方案中所述的车灯模组。
通过上述基础技术方案中的车灯光学元件，能够取得以下技术效果：
1、可独立形成光形，不需要其他光学元件，集成化程度高，省去了各光学元件之间的连接结构，降低了成本，避免了多且杂的零件所带来的制造误差和安装误差，保障了光形的准确性和稳定性；
2、利用第一反射面和第二反射面缩短光线的前后传播距离，使得光学元件的空间占用体积更小，车灯空间利用效率大幅提高，车灯小型化程度高；
3、结构简单，从而降低了车灯模组的结构复杂性，简化了生产的工序流程，加快了生产节拍，节约了生产成本，避免了装配误差从而保障出射光形稳定。
有关本发明的其他优点以及优选实施方式的技术效果，将在下文的具体实施方式中进一步说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明的车灯光学元件的第一种实施例的结构示意图；
图2是图1的俯视图；
图3是本发明的车灯光学元件的第二种实施例的结构示意图之一；
图4是本发明的车灯光学元件的第二种实施例的结构示意图之二；
图5是本发明的车灯光学元件的第二种实施例的光路示意图；
图6是本发明的车灯光学元件的第三种实施例的结构示意图之一；
图7是本发明的车灯光学元件的第三种实施例的结构示意图之二；
图8是本发明的车灯光学元件的第三种实施例的结构示意图之三；
图9是本发明的车灯光学元件的第三种实施例的光路示意图；
图10是图7的左视图；
图11是图7的仰视图；
图12是本发明的车灯光学元件的第四种实施例的结构示意图；
图13是本发明的车灯光学元件的第五种实施例的结构示意图之一；
图14是本发明的车灯光学元件的第五种实施例的结构示意图之二；
图15是本发明的车灯光学元件的第五种实施例的光路示意图；
图16是本发明的车灯光学元件的第六种实施例的结构示意图之一；
图17是本发明的车灯光学元件的第六种实施例的结构示意图之二；
图18是本发明的车灯光学元件的第六种实施例的光路示意图；
图19是本发明的车灯光学元件的第七种实施例的结构示意图及其光路示意图；
图20是本发明的车灯光学元件的第八种实施例的结构示意图及其光路示意图；
图21是本发明的光源与聚光部的安装示意图。
附图标记说明
1聚光部                      2通光部
21第一反射面                 22第二反射面
23凸起结构                   24a截止线结构
24b截止线结构                24c截止线结构
25入光面
3出光部                      31出光面
4光源
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明，应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，本发明的保护范围并不局限于下述的具体实施方式。
需要理解的是，如图1，基于该车灯光学元件，其正常安装于车灯中时，沿光线出射方向，“前”是指出光部3所在端，“后”是指入光面25所在端，“左”是指沿光线出射方向的左侧，“右”是指沿光线出射方向的右侧，“上”是指沿光线出射方向的上方，“下”是指沿光线出射方向的下方，在实际安装情况中，应当根据实际安装状态并结合本车灯光学元件本身为基准对方位术语进行解释，术语为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。需要说明的是，上述光线出射方向为车灯光学元件的出射光线的走向。根据《GB 4599-2007——汽车用灯丝灯泡前照灯》定义：明暗截止线为光束投射到配光屏幕上，目视感觉到的明暗显著变化的分界线，近光截止线指车灯近光光形的上边界。
另外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量，因此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或隐含地包括一个或更多个所述特征。
在本发明的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或者是一体连接；可以是直接连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接连接，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
还需要说明的是，为了车灯造型等需求，可以在该车灯光学元件和外配光镜之间设置至少一个内配光镜，该内配光镜可以是普通等壁厚塑料件，只为呈现所需造型，还可以是背面具有配光功能的配光塑料件。
参考图1和图2，本发明第一方面提供一种车灯光学元件，包括依次设置的通光部2和出光部3，通光部2包括入光面25、第一反射面21和第二反射面22。其中，入光面25可以为平面或向后凸出的曲面，光线从入光面25射向通光部2，第一反射面21和第二反射面22相对设置，以使得光线依次经第一反射面21和第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3。可选择地，第一反射面21和第二反射面22前后设置，入光面25接收的光线先射向第一反射面21，第一反射面21能够将光线向后反射至第二反射面22，第二反射面22再将光线向前反射至出光部 3，由出光部3投射形成出射光形；或者，第一反射面21和第二反射面22上下设置，入光面25接收的光线先射向第一反射面21，第一反射面21能够将光线向上或向下反射至第二反射面22后反射至出光部3，由出光部3投射形成出射光形。
现有技术中的照明模组，一般都包括光源、反射元件、遮光板、透镜以及安装支架，光源发出的光线经反射元件反射后射向遮光板，经遮光板截取后，由透镜投射形成所需的类平行光照明光形。显然的，这种结构的照明模组的零件数量及种类较多，定位精度较低，而且光线的前后传播距离较长、反射元件与透镜的距离较远，导致照明模组的长度较长，在车灯有限空间内的布置灵活性不高。
而本发明的车灯光学元件巧妙地利用第一反射面21和第二反射面22改变光线在车灯光学元件中的传导方向，使得由入光面25接收的光线依次经第一反射面21和第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3，从而在光程不变的情况下，缩短了光线的前后传播距离，减小了该车灯光学元件在车灯前后方向上的占用空间。
本发明的基础技术方案的车灯光学元件，可独立形成光形，不需要遮光板、透镜等其它光学元件，集成化程度高，还能够避免在装配过程中各光学元件之间产生的装配误差，提高装配精度，从而能够提高光学精度；而且，利用第一反射面21和第二反射面22，缩短光线的前后传播距离，使得该车灯光学元件的空间占用体积更小，结构更加紧凑，小型化程度高，在车灯内布置更加灵活，满足用户对个性化、科技感的车灯造型的需要；此外，该车灯光学元件结构简单，降低了车灯模组的装配、调光难度，简化了生产的工序流程，加快了生产节拍，节约了生产成本，避免了装配误差，从而保障出射光形稳定。
本发明的车灯光学元件可用于实现多种照明光形，应用于多种照明车灯，例如远光灯、近光灯、角灯或雾灯等，以应用于近光灯为例，其能够形成具有近光明暗截止线的照明光形，作为一种用于近光灯的车灯光学元件的结构，参考图3至图5，第一反射面21将光线向后反射至第二反射面22，并且在通光部2的下表面与第一反射面21的交汇处，即在第一反射面21的后边缘处形成截止线结构24a；或者，参考图13至图15，第一反射面21将光线向上反射至第二反射面22，在通光部2的下表面与第一反射面21的交汇处，即在第一反射面21的后边缘处形成截止线结构24a；或者，参考图19，第一反射面21将光线向下反射至 第二反射面22，通光部2的下表面与第二反射面22的交汇处，即在第二反射面22的后边缘处形成截止线结构24c。由入光面25入射的光线依次经第一反射面21和第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3，由出光部3投射形成照明光形。更加具体地，在图5和图15所示出的实施例中，射向截止线结构24a处的光线经第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3，由出光部3投射后形成照明光形的明暗截止线，该明暗截止线位于该照明光形的上边界，射向第一反射面21的光线经第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3，由出光部3投射后形成照明光形；在图19所示出的实施例中，射至该截止线结构24c上的光线依次经第一反射面21和第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3，由出光部3投射后形成照明光形的明暗截止线，该明暗截止线位于该照明光形的上边界，射向第一反射面21的光线经第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3，由出光部3投射后形成照明光形。该截止线结构24a、截止线结构24c可以为具有拐点的折线或曲线，用于形成具有拐点的近光明暗截止线，其照明光形可以为完整的近光光形或投射至近光中心区域的主近光光形；该截止线结构24a、截止线结构24c还可以为直线或弧线，用于形成水平的近光明暗截止线，其照明光形可以为投射至近光展宽区域的辅助近光光形。
优选地，参考图5和图15，当所述第一反射面21将所述入光面25接收的光线向后或向上反射至所述第二反射面22，并且截止线结构24a形成于第一反射面21的后边缘时，所述第二反射面22与所述出光部3共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于所述截止线结构24a处或其附近区域。该光学系统的光线汇聚点是指平行光线由出光部3的前方入射至第二反射面22，经第二反射面22反射至截止线结构24a上或其附近区域后，在截止线结构24a上或其附近区域汇聚而成的点。更加形象地，第二反射面22为平面，平行光线由出光部3前方入射并经出光部3折射后汇聚形成焦点，上述光线汇聚点与该焦点关于第二反射面22对称，因此，根据光的可逆性，从光线汇聚点出射的光线经第二反射面22反射至出光部3后出射的光路与从上述焦点出射的光线经出光部3直接出射的光路相同，而前者相比后者缩短了光线的前后传播距离。参考图19，当所述第一反射面21能够将所述入光面25接收的光线向下反射至所述第二反射面22，截止线结构24c形成于所述第二反射面22的后边缘时，所述第一反射面21、第二反射面22与所述出光部3共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于所述截止线结构24c处。该 光学系统的光线汇聚点是指平行光线由出光部3前方入射至第二反射面22，然后依次经第二反射面22和第一反射面21反射至截止线结构24c上或其附近区域后，在截止线结构24c上或其附近区域汇聚而成的点。更加形象地，第一反射面21和第二反射面22为平面，由出光部3前方入射的平行光线经出光部3折射后汇聚形成焦点，该焦点关于第二反射面22对称的对称点与上述光线汇聚点关于第一反射面21对称，因此，根据光的可逆性，从光线汇聚点出射的光线依次经第一反射面21和第二反射面22反射至出光部3后出射的光路与从上述焦点出射的光线经出光部3直接出射的光路相同，而前者相比后者缩短了光线的前后传播距离。
作为另一种用于近光灯的车灯光学元件的结构，参考图9、图18和图20，通光部2的下部设有凸起结构23，凸起结构23的后表面与通光部2相交形成截止线结构24b。参考图9，由入光面25入射的光线依次经第一反射面21和第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3，由出光部3投射形成照明光形，其中，射至该截止线结构24b上的光线依次经第一反射面21和第二反射面22反射后射向出光部3，由出光部3投射后形成照明光形的明暗截止线，该明暗截止线即为该照明光形的上边界。同样，该截止线结构24b可以为具有拐点的折线或曲线，用于形成具有拐点的近光明暗截止线，其照明光形可以为完整的近光光形或投射至近光中心区域的主近光光形；该截止线结构24b还可以为直线或弧线，用于形成水平的近光明暗截止线，其照明光形可以为投射至近光展宽区域的辅助近光光形。
优选地，第一反射面21、第二反射面22与出光部3共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于截止线结构24b上或区附近区域。该光学系统的光线汇聚点是指平行光线由出光部3前方入射至第二反射面22，然后依次经第二反射面22和第一反射面21反射至截止线结构24b上或其附近区域后，该平行光线在截止线结构24b上或其附近区域汇聚而成的点。更加形象地，参考图18，第一反射面21和第二反射面22为平面，由出光部3前方入射的平行光线经出光部3折射后汇聚形成焦点，该焦点关于第二反射面22对称的对称点与该光线汇聚点关于第一反射面21对称，因此，根据光的可逆性，从光线汇聚点出射的光线依次经第一反射面21和第二反射面22反射至出光部3后出射的光路与从上述焦点出射的光线经出光部3直接出射的光路相同，而前者相比后者缩短了光线的前后传播距 离。
可选择地，参考图6至图10、图16至图20，截止线结构24b为两侧向前弯曲的具有拐点的曲线，可形成具有拐点的近光明暗截止线，进而用于近光灯或近光灯中的主近光模组；或者，参考图11至图12，截止线结构24b为两侧向前弯曲的平滑曲线，可形成不具有拐点的水平明暗截止线，进而用于近光灯中的辅助近光模组。可以理解的是，截止线结构24b两侧向前弯曲，形成向后凸出的曲线，使得出射光形的截止线成像更加清晰锐利，或者也可以为直线。该车灯光学元件设计灵活，根据不同车灯内的设计空间，通过增设凸起结构23、调节截止线结构24a、24b、24c的位置即可适用于多种不同设计空间的车灯，还可以针对左右驾驶位进行调节，适用性较广。或者，参考图1，该车灯光学元件可以不设置凸起结构23和截止线结构24a、24b、24c，进而用于远光灯、角灯、雾灯等其他车灯，也可以通过设置凸起结构23和截止线结构24a、24b、24c形成具有明暗截止下边界的远光光形。
为了提高光效，本发明的车灯光学元件还包括设置于所述入光面25后方的聚光部1，可选择的，聚光部1为聚光杯结构；或者聚光部1为向后凸出的曲面结构或锥体结构等。当然，本发明的聚光部1并不局限于上述结构，还可以是其他结构，其作用均是将光线聚集准直，因此，其他一些聚光结构也均属于本发明的保护范围。
作为一种具体的结构形式，聚光部1为聚光杯结构，聚光部1的外部轮廓面为由远离通光部2的一端向靠近通光部2的一端口径逐渐增大的曲面，聚光部1远离通光部2的一端开设有内凹腔体，内凹腔体包括前入光面和侧入光面，前入光面为向远离通光部2的一侧凸出的曲面，侧入光面为由远离通光部2的一端向靠近通光部2的一端口径逐渐减小的曲面。参考图21，内凹腔体的开口朝向光源4以接收光源4发出的光线，聚光部1通过内凹腔体的前入光面可将光源4所发出的部分光线折射至前方，该内凹腔体的侧入光面可对光源4所发出的其它光线进行折射，且将折射后的光线再通过外部轮廓面反射至前方，由此可基本实现对光源4发出的所有光束的汇聚准直，可达到提高光源4的光束利用率的目的。并且，发散光经聚光部1折射或反射后，能够形成角度较小的光束，使得该光源4发出的光线能够完全或绝大部分的入射到第一反射面21，实现较高的光效。
优选地，该车灯光学元件为一体成型的实心光导体，由于光线一直在同一介质内传输，光线基本不会有衰减，该车灯光学元件的光学效率较高。具体地，可以采用玻璃、PC、PMMA或硅胶等材质一体成形，不但简化了生产的工序流程，节约了生产成本，而且还能够减少零件数量，使得装配后的车灯结构更加紧凑，同时，还能够避免在装配过程中各光学元件之间的装配误差，提高装配精度，从而能够提高光学精度，保障出射光形稳定。
优选地，第一反射面21、第二反射面22上具有镀膜反射层。该镀膜反射层可以为镀铝层、镀铬层或镀银层等。镀膜反射层能够提升各个反射面的反射率，从而提高光线利用率。
更优选地，为了进一步节约成本，仅仅在第二反射面22上用于反射光线的局部区域设置镀膜反射层。参考图12，第二反射面22的最上部和最下部并未起到反射光线的作用，因此，上述两部分可以不设镀膜反射层，仅在第二反射面22的中间位置设置镀膜反射层。
优选地，所述第一反射面21和第二反射面22为平面。
典型地，参考图1，出光部3包括出光面31，出光面31为向前凸出的曲面，以起到汇聚、准直光线的作用。或者也可以采用其他形式的具有汇聚、准直功能的光学面。
本发明的车灯模组，包括第一方面技术方案中的车灯光学元件，因此至少具有上述车灯光学元件的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再赘述。
本发明的车辆，可以包括上述实施例中的车灯模组，因此至少具有上述车灯模组的实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明的思想，其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种车灯光学元件，其特征在于，包括通光部(2)和出光部(3)，所述通光部(2)包括入光面(25)、第一反射面(21)和第二反射面(22)，所述第一反射面(21)和所述第二反射面(22)相对设置，以使得所述入光面(25)接收的光线依次经所述第一反射面(21)和所述第二反射面(22)反射后射向所述出光部(3)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述第一反射面(21)能够将所述入光面(25)接收的光线向后或向上反射至所述第二反射面(22)，所述第一反射面(21)的后边缘形成截止线结构(24a)；或者，
    所述第一反射面(21)能够将所述入光面(25)接收的光线向下反射至所述第二反射面(22)，所述第二反射面(22)的后边缘形成截止线结构(24c)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述第一反射面(21)能够将所述入光面(25)接收的光线向后或向上反射至所述第二反射面(22)，所述第一反射面(21)的后边缘形成截止线结构(24a)，所述第二反射面(22)与所述出光部(3)共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于所述截止线结构(24a)处；或者，
    所述第一反射面(21)能够将所述入光面(25)接收的光线向下反射至所述第二反射面(22)，所述第二反射面(22)的后边缘形成截止线结构(24c)，所述第一反射面(21)、第二反射面(22)与所述出光部(3)共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于所述截止线结构(24c)处。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述通光部(2)上设有凸起结构(23)，所述凸起结构(23)的后表面与所述通光部(2)相交形成截止线结构(24b)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述第一反射面(21)、第二反射面(22)与出光部(3)共同构成的光学系统的光线汇聚点位于所述截 止线结构(24b)处。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述截止线结构(24b)为两侧向前弯曲的具有拐点的曲线；或者所述截止线结构(24b)为两侧向前弯曲的平滑曲线。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述车灯光学元件还包括设置于所述入光面(25)后方的聚光部(1)，所述聚光部(1)为聚光杯结构；或者所述聚光部(1)为向后凸出的曲面结构或锥体结构。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述聚光部(1)为聚光杯结构，所述聚光部(1)的外部轮廓面为由远离所述通光部(2)的一端向靠近所述通光部(2)的一端口径逐渐增大的曲面，所述聚光部(1)远离所述通光部(2)的一端开设有内凹腔体，所述内凹腔体包括前入光面和侧入光面，所述前入光面为向远离所述通光部(2)的一侧凸出的曲面，所述侧入光面为由远离所述通光部(2)的一端向靠近所述通光部(2)的一端口径逐渐减小的曲面。
  9. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述车灯光学元件为一体成型的实心光导体。
  10. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述第一反射面(21)、第二反射面(22)上具有镀膜反射层。
  11. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述第一反射面(21)和第二反射面(22)为平面。
  12. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车灯光学元件，其特征在于，所述出光部(3)包括出光面(31)，所述出光面(31)为向前凸出的曲面。
  13. 一种车灯模组，其特征在于，包括光源(4)和权利要求1至12中任 一项所述的车灯光学元件，所述光源(4)设于所述入光面(25)的后方。
  14. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求13所述的车灯模组。
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