WO2021146908A1 - 云台及其控制方法 - Google Patents

云台及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021146908A1
WO2021146908A1 PCT/CN2020/073484 CN2020073484W WO2021146908A1 WO 2021146908 A1 WO2021146908 A1 WO 2021146908A1 CN 2020073484 W CN2020073484 W CN 2020073484W WO 2021146908 A1 WO2021146908 A1 WO 2021146908A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pan
tilt
preset
speed corresponding
move
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PCT/CN2020/073484
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘帅
谢振生
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深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN202080004458.8A priority Critical patent/CN112543896A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/073484 priority patent/WO2021146908A1/zh
Publication of WO2021146908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021146908A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/10Control of position or direction without using feedback
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of pan/tilt control, and in particular to a pan/tilt and its control method.
  • pan/tilt start and pan/tilt stop phases respectively.
  • start-up phase of the gimbal the gimbal suddenly starts around a certain axis; or during the stop-phase of the gimbal, the movement of the gimbal suddenly stops around a certain axis. All of the above situations will cause the shooting picture to be very abrupt.
  • the gimbal In order to shoot higher-quality videos, it is usually necessary for the gimbal to start slowly around a certain axis during the start-up phase, and to slowly stop around a certain axis during the gimbal stop phase. This function is called the slow start-stop function of the gimbal.
  • Different slow start and stop effects can be achieved by setting different slow start and stop parameters.
  • the existing slow start and stop parameters correspond to the maximum acceleration of the gimbal or the cutoff frequency of the filter, but the above slow start and stop parameters are used to realize the gimbal.
  • the start and stop of is not intuitive to the user, which is not conducive to precise control of the PTZ.
  • This application provides a pan-tilt and its control method.
  • a method for controlling a pan/tilt head including:
  • the preset state includes one of start and stop
  • the preset strategy is used to indicate the length of time required for the pan/tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state or the required rotation angle.
  • a pan-tilt including:
  • a shaft assembly provided on the base, the shaft assembly being used to mount a photographing device;
  • the controller is electrically coupled to the shaft assembly, and the controller is used to implement the following operations:
  • the preset state includes one of start and stop
  • the preset strategy is used to indicate the length of time required for the pan/tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state or the required rotation angle.
  • the movement of the pan/tilt head is controlled according to a preset strategy, so that the user clearly knows the movement duration or the angle of rotation during the start or stop phase of the pan/tilt head, effectively Let users get more accurate information, improve users' freedom of use, and can help users shoot expected video effects and improve user experience.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pan-tilt in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method flow chart of a method for controlling a pan-tilt in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling a pan-tilt in another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling a pan-tilt in another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for controlling a pan-tilt in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of a pan-tilt in an embodiment of the present application.
  • different slow start and stop parameters can be set to achieve different slow start and stop effects of the PTZ and improve the quality of PTZ shooting.
  • the existing slow start and stop parameters correspond to the maximum acceleration of the pan/tilt or the cut-off frequency of the filter, but the above slow start/stop parameters to realize the start/stop of the pan/tilt is not intuitive to the user, which is not conducive to the precise control of the pan/tilt. .
  • the pan/tilt in the embodiment of the present application controls the movement of the pan/tilt according to a preset strategy during the start or stop phase, so that the user clearly knows the movement duration or the rotation angle of the pan/tilt during the start or stop phase, effectively allowing The user gets more accurate information, improves the user's freedom of use, and can help the user shoot the expected video effect and improve the user experience.
  • the slow start and stop of the gimbal refers to the slow start and stop of the gimbal around a certain axis. It is not for the overall motion state of the gimbal, that is, it can control the gimbal around a certain axis. Enter the slow start and stop, and during the slow start and stop of the axis, the pan/tilt can move around other axes or not. For example, in the follow mode, the gimbal can be controlled to start and stop slowly around the yaw axis, but in the process, the gimbal can have a stabilizing effect on the roll axis.
  • the pan/tilt in the embodiment of the present application may be a single-axis pan/tilt, two-axis pan/tilt, three-axis pan/tilt, or other multi-axis pan/tilt.
  • the pan/tilt in the embodiments of the present application may be a handheld pan/tilt or an airborne pan/tilt.
  • the airborne pan/tilt may be mounted on a movable platform, which may be a drone, an unmanned vehicle, or a mobile platform. Robots and so on.
  • the pan/tilt is a handheld pan/tilt, and the pan/tilt is a three-axis pan/tilt.
  • the pan/tilt in this embodiment is configured to rotate around the yaw axis, pitch axis, and roll axis.
  • the handheld gimbal may include an outer frame 11, a middle frame 12, and an inner frame.
  • the outer frame 11 is configured to rotate about a yaw axis
  • the middle frame 12 is configured to rotate about a roll axis
  • the inner frame is configured to rotate about a pitch axis
  • the inner frame is used to mount the camera 2.
  • the outer frame 11 includes a yaw axis arm and is driven by a yaw axis motor
  • the middle frame 12 includes a roll axis arm and is driven by a roll axis motor
  • the inner frame includes a pitch axis arm and is driven by a pitch axis motor driven.
  • the photographing device 2 may be a camera, a SLR, a mirrorless single, a sports camera, a smart phone, a camera, and other photographing devices. It can be understood that for some three-axis pan/tilt heads, the inner frame can be ignored, or the outer shell of the camera can be equated to the inner frame.
  • the pan/tilt may carry loads other than the camera, and other loads can be adjusted through the pan/tilt, such as the camera, light emitter, speaker, etc.
  • the pan-tilt can be controlled by the control device to switch the attitude.
  • the control device can be a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a fixed terminal, and can also be a remote control or other devices capable of controlling the rotation of the pan/tilt, such as a motion sensing control device, and may also be integrated in the pan/tilt.
  • the handle On the handle.
  • control device can communicate with the display, and the display can be integrated on the base of the pan-tilt, or integrated on the external equipment used to control the pan-tilt.
  • the relevant parameters of the pan-tilt can be displayed.
  • preset parameters, preset strategies, current speed, etc. are described below.
  • pan-tilt control method in the embodiment of the present application will be described below.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling a pan-tilt in an embodiment of the present application, where the main body of execution of the method for controlling a pan-tilt in an embodiment of the present application is the pan-tilt.
  • the method for controlling the pan/tilt head of the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
  • S201 An indication indicating that the PTZ has entered a preset state is detected, where the preset state includes one of start and stop;
  • the instruction indicating that the pan/tilt enters the preset state is the instruction indicating that the movement of the pan/tilt around a certain axis enters the activated state; when the preset state is stopped, the instruction indicating that the pan/tilt enters the preset state
  • the indication is the indication that the movement of the pan/tilt around a certain axis enters the stop state.
  • the instruction indicating that the movement of the pan/tilt around a certain axis enters the starting state is referred to as the first instruction
  • the instruction indicating that the movement of the pan/tilt around a certain axis enters the stopping state is called the second instruction.
  • the control quantity sent by the control device changes from non-zero to zero.
  • the control quantity is a single-axis control quantity, that is, the input control quantity is used to control the rotation of the pan/tilt around one axis. It can be understood that assuming that the input control quantity is the control corresponding to one Euler angular velocity, it may cause the movement of multiple joint angles. , But it is still considered to be a single-axis control quantity.
  • the gimbal includes multiple rotation axes, such as yaw axis, roll axis and pitch axis.
  • the control quantity includes the control quantity corresponding to the yaw axis, the control quantity corresponding to the roll axis and the control quantity corresponding to the pitch axis.
  • One of the quantities is one of the control quantity corresponding to Yaw, the control quantity corresponding to Roll, and the control quantity corresponding to Pitch.
  • the pan/tilt in this embodiment can determine whether the first instruction and the second instruction are detected based on different methods. For example, in some embodiments, since the control amount corresponds to the speed of the pan/tilt, when controlling the pan/tilt, the control device will The PTZ speed corresponding to the control amount is sent to the PTZ to control the rotation of the PTZ.
  • the numerical value that the control variable sent by the control device changes from zero to non-zero corresponds to: the speed of the pan-tilt sent by the control device changes from zero to a non-zero numerical value; the control variable sent by the control device changes from non-zero to zero
  • the numerical value of corresponds to: the numerical value of the speed of the pan-tilt sent by the control device from non-zero to zero.
  • the first indication is determined to be detected; if it is detected that the speed of the pan/tilt sent by the control device changes from a non-zero value to If the value is zero, it is determined that the second indication is detected.
  • the control amount corresponding to the speed of the pan/tilt may include joint angular velocity or Euler angular velocity.
  • the first instruction and the second instruction are sent by the control device, that is, when the pan-tilt receives the first instruction sent by the control device, it determines that the first instruction is detected; the pan-tilt receives the first instruction sent by the control device.
  • the control device is a remote control
  • the control amount is determined according to the stick amount generated by the user operating the rocker of the remote control.
  • the gimbal may include three rotation axes, such as a yaw axis, a pitch axis, and a roll axis.
  • the remote control includes two joysticks, each joystick includes two operation directions (such as a vertical operation direction and a horizontal operation direction), and the two operation directions of one of the joysticks correspond to the control of the two rotation axes.
  • Rotate one of the operating directions of the other rocker corresponds to the rotation of the other rotating shaft.
  • the change of the control quantity sent by the control device of the pan/tilt head from zero to a non-zero numerical value means that one of the joysticks in the center position changes to the joystick switches from the center position to the non-center position in a certain operating direction; cloud
  • the numerical value that the control quantity sent by the control device of the station changes from non-zero to zero means that the non-center position of one rocker in one operating direction changes to the central position of the rocker in the operating direction.
  • the control device detects that one of the joysticks is in the center position and the joystick is switched from the center position of a certain operation direction to the non-center position of the operation direction, it sends the first instruction PTZ; the control device is in the center position.
  • a second instruction is sent to the pan/tilt.
  • S202 According to a preset strategy, control the pan/tilt head to move to a target speed corresponding to the preset state.
  • the preset strategy is used to indicate the length of time required for the pan/tilt head to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state or the required rotation angle.
  • the target speed is determined according to the control amount sent by the control device of the pan-tilt.
  • the control device is a remote controller, and when the preset state is activated, the target speed is determined according to the real-time stick amount of the remote controller. When the preset state is stopped, the target speed is zero.
  • the preset strategy is used to indicate the length of time required for the pan-tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state.
  • the duration is 3 seconds, and the pan-tilt needs to be activated to 10 degrees per second.
  • the process of controlling the speed of the gimbal from 0 degrees/second to 10 degrees/second takes 3 seconds; the speed when the user releases the lever is 10 degrees /Sec.
  • the pan/tilt stops the speed of the pan/tilt needs to be changed from 10 degrees/sec to 0 degrees/sec.
  • the process of controlling the speed of the pan/tilt from 10 degrees/sec to 0 degrees/sec requires 3 second.
  • the preset strategy is used to indicate the angle of rotation of the gimbal to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state.
  • the angle is 10 degrees, and the gimbal needs to be activated to 10 degrees per second.
  • the speed needs to move from 0 degrees/second to 10 degrees/second, then the angle of the pan/tilt rotation required to control the speed of the pan/tilt from 0 degrees/second to 10 degrees/second is 10 degrees; when the user loosens the lever
  • the speed of the pan/tilt is 10 degrees/sec.
  • the speed of the pan/tilt needs to be changed from 10 degrees/sec to 0 degrees/sec.
  • the speed of the control pan/tilt is changed from 10 degrees/sec to 0 degrees/sec. In this process, the required rotation angle of the pan/tilt is 10 degrees.
  • the time required for the pan/tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state or the required rotation angle is determined according to the size of the preset parameter.
  • the time required for the gimbal to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state is in a linear relationship with the size of the preset parameters.
  • linear mapping the user can know the target speed corresponding to the gimbal moving from stationary to the activated state.
  • the linear relationship between smooth_time and the preset parameter smooth_param required for the gimbal to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state can be expressed by the following formula:
  • a is a coefficient, and a>0.
  • the time required for the pan/tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state and the size of the preset parameters can also be set in other correspondences, which are not limited to linear relationships.
  • the angle of rotation required for the pan/tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state is equal to the size of the preset parameters, and the user can know the amount of rotation required for the pan/tilt to move from stationary to the target speed corresponding to the activated state.
  • the linear relationship between the angle smooth_angle and the preset parameter smooth_param required to rotate the gimbal to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state can be expressed by the following formula:
  • angle of rotation of the pan/tilt head to the target speed corresponding to the preset state and the size of the preset parameters can also be set in other correspondences, which are not limited to the above formula (2).
  • the size of the preset parameter can be set in different ways.
  • the process of setting the size of the preset parameter includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • the setting instruction can be generated in a variety of ways.
  • the pan-tilt includes a base and a first control part provided on the base, and the first control part is triggered by the user for the setting instruction Generated;
  • the first control unit can include keys, buttons, knobs or a combination of the above.
  • the first control unit in this embodiment may include one or more.
  • the handheld pan/tilt may include a handle, and the first control part may be provided on the handle.
  • the setting instruction is generated by the user operating the external device and sent by the external device.
  • the external device may be a control device of the pan-tilt.
  • the user sets the size of the preset parameters through the APP, and the settable range of the preset parameters is 0-30, and the user can input any value in the range of 0-30 as the size of the preset parameter on the APP .
  • the APP will generate a setting instruction carrying the value currently set by the user according to the user’s operation on the APP, and send the setting instruction to the PTZ, and the PTZ will set the size of the preset parameters to The size of the numerical value currently set by the above user.
  • the user sets the size of the preset parameters as needed, which improves the user's degree of freedom in use. Further, after the pan/tilt head sets the size of the preset parameter according to the setting instruction, the size of the preset parameter set by the user last time is saved, so that the user's usage habits can be remembered for the next use.
  • the size of the preset parameters saved last time by the PTZ is set to the size of the preset parameters, and the PTZ is controlled to realize the slow start and stop effect according to the user's usage habits recorded in the history, which can improve the use of the PTZ. Convenience. Among them, for the first start-up of the pan/tilt after power-on, the size of the preset parameters is the size of the preset parameters saved when the pan/tilt is last powered off.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the method for controlling the pan/tilt in another embodiment of the present application; please refer to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the pan/tilt is controlling the movement of the pan/tilt to a preset state according to a preset strategy. Before the target speed, you can also include the following steps:
  • S301 Obtain a setting instruction input by the user for instructing to set the preset strategy to one of a time strategy and an angle strategy, where the time strategy is used to indicate the length of time required for the pan/tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state, The angle strategy is used to indicate the angle of rotation of the gimbal to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state;
  • the setting instruction can be generated in multiple ways.
  • the pan/tilt includes a base and a second control part provided on the base, and the setting instruction is generated by the user triggering the second control part;
  • the second control part may include keys, buttons, knobs or a combination of the above.
  • the second control unit in this embodiment may include one or more.
  • the handheld pan/tilt may include a handle, and the second control part may be provided on the handle.
  • the setting instruction is generated by the user operating the external device and sent by the external device.
  • the external device may be a control device of the pan-tilt.
  • the user can input the setting instruction. For example, by operating the drop-down box on the APP, selecting one of the time strategy and the angle strategy displayed in the drop-down box to input the setting instruction; another example, by clicking the strategy switch on the APP
  • the setting instruction is input by means of buttons; it should be understood that the manner in which the user inputs the setting instruction is not limited to the above-listed methods.
  • S302 According to the setting instruction, set the preset strategy as one of a time strategy and an angle strategy.
  • the pan-tilt when the user inputs a setting instruction to instruct to set the preset strategy as a time strategy, the pan-tilt will set the preset strategy as a time strategy after obtaining the setting instruction; when the user enters a setting instruction to instruct to set the preset strategy Set as an angle strategy, the PTZ will set the preset strategy as an angle strategy after obtaining the setting instruction.
  • the user can select the preset strategy as one of the time strategy and the angle strategy according to the usage requirements.
  • the pan/tilt is equipped with a camera, and the user needs to use the pan/tilt to take pictures of the movement of the target object, such as a character running.
  • the pan/tilt also needs to stop rotating. Set the strategy to the time strategy, so that the time required for the PTZ stop phase is equal to the length of the character running; another example, in other usage scenarios, during the PTZ start phase, the PTZ needs to take pictures of the target object from far to near.
  • the preset strategy can be set to the angle strategy, and the angle of the pan/tilt during the start-up phase has been Knowing, you can precisely control the position of the target object on the screen.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the method for controlling the pan/tilt head in another embodiment of the present application; when the preset strategy is used to indicate the time required for the pan/tilt head to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state, please refer to FIG. 4,
  • the method for controlling the pan-tilt in this embodiment may further include:
  • S401 Acquire the current control value and the target control value sent by the control device of the PTZ, where the current control value and the target control value are non-zero values;
  • the time required for the pan/tilt to move from the speed corresponding to the current control amount to the speed corresponding to the target control amount is determined based on the product of the ratio and the time required for the pan/tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state.
  • the calculation formula for the time period t required for the pan/tilt to move from the speed corresponding to the current control quantity to the speed corresponding to the target control quantity is as follows:
  • the time length t required for the pan/tilt to move from the speed corresponding to the current control quantity to the speed corresponding to the target control quantity is determined.
  • smooth_time 3 seconds
  • the control amount of the control device is 0
  • the control amount of the control device is 0.5.
  • the time required for the gimbal to move from the speed corresponding to the full stick to the speed corresponding to the above-mentioned intermediate position When the user operates the joystick to move from the above-mentioned intermediate position to the full position, the time period t required for the pan/tilt to move from the speed corresponding to the above-mentioned intermediate position to the speed corresponding to the full rod is also 1.5 seconds.
  • the calculation method of the time required for the pan/tilt to move from the speed corresponding to the current control amount to the speed corresponding to the target control amount is not limited to the calculation method of the above formula (4), and can also be set to other calculation methods.
  • the movement of the pan/tilt in the non-start/stop phase can be adapted to the time strategy to ensure the movement of the pan/tilt in the non-start and stop phases. Consistency prevents abrupt images caused by sudden movement.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method flow chart of a method for controlling a pan/tilt head in another embodiment of the present application; when the preset strategy is used to instruct the pan/tilt head to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state and the required rotation angle size, please refer to the figure 4.
  • the pan-tilt control method of this embodiment may further include:
  • S501 Obtain the current control value and the target control value sent by the control device of the pan/tilt head, where the current control value and the target control value are non-zero values;
  • S502 Determine the acceleration of the pan/tilt head according to the required rotation angle of the pan/tilt head moving to the target speed corresponding to the preset state and the speed corresponding to the maximum control amount of the control device;
  • V max at′ (6)
  • V max is known
  • S is the angle of rotation required for the pan/tilt head to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state. For example, 10 degrees, the acceleration of the pan/tilt head can be determined according to formula (8).
  • the pan/tilt moves from the speed corresponding to the current control amount to the speed corresponding to the target control amount.
  • the required time or the required rotation angle, the required time or the required rotation The angle can be output and displayed to the user, such as display.
  • the movement of the pan/tilt in the non-start/stop phase can be adapted to the angle strategy to ensure the movement of the pan/tilt in the non-start and stop phases. Consistency prevents abrupt images caused by sudden movement.
  • the same strategy can be used for the start phase and the stop phase, or different strategies can be used.
  • the time required for the pan/tilt to move from the speed corresponding to the current control amount to the speed corresponding to the target control amount or the required rotation angle can be pre-stored in the pan/tilt, and based on the acquired control Real-time output and display to users.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a pan/tilt head.
  • the pan/tilt head includes a base, a shaft assembly, and a controller.
  • the shaft assembly is arranged on the base, and the shaft assembly is used to mount the imaging device.
  • the controller is electrically coupled to the shaft assembly.
  • the controller is arranged on the base.
  • the controller is used to implement the following operations: detecting an indication indicating that the pan/tilt enters a preset state; controlling the movement of the pan/tilt to a target speed corresponding to the preset state according to a preset strategy; wherein the preset state includes starting and stopping.
  • the preset strategy is used to indicate the time required for the pan/tilt to move to the target speed corresponding to the preset state or the required rotation angle.
  • the controller in this embodiment may be a central processing unit (CPU).
  • the controller may further include a hardware chip.
  • the above-mentioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL) or any combination thereof.
  • the base can be the handle of the handheld pan/tilt or be set on the handle of the handheld pan/tilt.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for controlling the pan/tilt head of the above-mentioned embodiment are realized.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be the internal storage unit of the pan/tilt head described in any of the foregoing embodiments, such as a hard disk or a memory.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the pan-tilt, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), an SD card, a flash memory card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the device .
  • the computer-readable storage medium may also include both an internal storage unit of the pan-tilt and an external storage device.
  • the computer-readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the pan/tilt, and can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.
  • the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. During execution, it may include the procedures of the above-mentioned method embodiments.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disc, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), etc.

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Abstract

一种云台及其控制方法,所述方法包括:S201、检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示;S202、根据预设策略,控制所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度;其中,所述预设状态包括启动和停止中的一个,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度大小。该方法在云台启动或停止阶段,根据预设策略控制云台运动,使得用户明确知道云台在启动或停止阶段,运动的时长或转动的角度大小,有效地让用户得到更多准确的信息,提高用户的使用自由度,并且可以帮助用户拍摄出预期的视频效果,提高用户使用体验。

Description

云台及其控制方法 技术领域
本申请涉及云台控制领域,尤其涉及一种云台及其控制方法。
背景技术
在通过云台拍摄时,云台开始绕某一轴运动和云台绕某一轴减速停止的两个阶段分别称为云台启动和云台停止阶段。在云台启动阶段,云台突然绕某一轴启动;或者在云台停止阶段,云台突然绕某一轴的运动停止,上述情形均都会导致拍摄画面很突兀。为了拍摄更高质量的视频,通常需要云台启动阶段缓慢地绕某一轴启动,云台停止阶段缓慢地绕某一轴停止,这个功能称为云台缓启停功能。
可以通过设置不同的缓启停参数来实现不同的缓启停效果,现有缓启停参数对应的云台的最大加速度大小或者滤波器的截止频率大小,但使用上述缓启停参数实现云台的启停对用户来说并不直观,不利于对云台的精准控制。
发明内容
本申请提供一种云台及其控制方法。
具体地,本申请是通过如下技术方案实现的:
根据本申请实施例的第一方面,提供一种云台的控制方法,所述方法包括:
检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示;
根据预设策略,控制所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度;
其中,所述预设状态包括启动和停止中的一个,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度大小。
根据本申请实施例的第二方面,提供一种云台,所述云台包括:
基座;
设置于所述基座上的轴组件,所述轴组件用于搭载拍摄装置;和
控制器,与所述轴组件电耦合连接,所述控制器用于实现如下操作:
检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示;
根据预设策略,控制所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度;
其中,所述预设状态包括启动和停止中的一个,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度大小。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案,在云台启动或停止阶段,根据预设策略控制云台运动,使得用户明确知道云台在启动或停止阶段,运动的时长或转动的角度大小,有效地让用户得到更多准确的信息,提高用户的使用自由度,并且可以帮助用户拍摄出预期的视频效果,提高用户使用体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一实施例中的云台的立体图;
图2是本申请一实施例中的云台的控制方法的方法流程示意图;
图3是本申请另一实施例中的云台的控制方法的方法流程示意图;
图4是本申请另一实施例中的云台的控制方法的方法流程示意图;
图5是本申请另一实施例中的云台的控制方法的方法流程示意图;
图6是本申请一实施例中的云台的结构框图。
具体实施方式
目前,可以通过设置不同的缓启停参数来实现不同的云台缓启停效果,提高云台拍摄质量。现有缓启停参数对应的云台的最大加速度大小或者滤波器的截止频率大小,但上述缓启停参数实现云台的启停对用户来说并不直观,不利于对云台的精准控制。
针对上述问题,本申请实施例的云台在启动或停止阶段,根据预设策略控制云台运动,使得用户明确知道云台在启动或停止阶段,运动的时长或转动的角度大小,有效地让用户得到更多准确的信息,提高用户的使用自由度,并且可以帮助用户拍摄出预期的视频效果,提高用户使用体验。
需要说明的是,云台的缓起停,指的是云台绕某一轴运动的缓启停,并不是针对云台整体的运动状态而言,也即,可以控制云台绕某一轴进入缓启停,而在该轴缓启停的过程中,云台可以绕其它轴运动或不运动。例如,在跟随模式下,可以控制云台绕航向轴缓启停,但在该过程中,云台可以在横滚轴上有增稳效果。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,下述的实施例及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
本申请实施例的云台可以为单轴云台、两轴云台、三轴云台或其他多轴云台。
另外,本申请实施例的云台可以为手持云台,也可以为机载云台,机载云台可以搭载在可移动平台上,该可移动平台可以为无人机、无人车、移动机器人等。
示例性的,请参见图1,云台为手持云台,且云台为三轴云台,本实施例的云台被配置为绕偏航轴、俯仰轴和横滚轴转动。手持云台可包括外框架11、中框架12和内框架,外框架11被配置为绕偏航轴转动,中框架12被配置为绕横滚轴转动,内框架被配置为绕俯仰轴转动,且内框架用于搭载拍摄装置2。其中,外框架11包括偏航轴轴臂,且由偏航轴电机驱动,中框架12包括横滚轴轴臂,且由横滚轴电机驱动,内框架包括俯仰轴轴臂,且由俯仰轴电机驱动。拍摄装置2可以为摄像机、单反、微单、运动相机、智能手机、摄像头等拍摄装置。可以理解,对于有些三轴云台而言,内框架可以忽略,或者可以将拍摄装置的外壳等同于内框架。
可以理解,在一些实施例中,云台可以承载除拍摄装置以外的其它负载,其它负载可以通过云台实现姿态的调整,例如射击装置、光发射器、扬声器等。
云台可以由控制装置进行控制,以进行姿态切换。本实施例中,控制装置可以为手机、平板电脑等可移动终端,也可以为固定终端,还可以为遥控器或其他能够控制云台转动的装置如体感控制装置,还可以集成在云台的手柄上。
其中,控制装置可以与显示器通信连接,显示器可以集成在云台的基座上,或者集成在用于控制云台的外部设备上,在云台的控制过程中,可以将云台的相关参数显示在显示器上,如下述说明的预设参数、预设策略、当前速度等。
下面将阐述本申请实施例的云台的控制方法的具体实现过程。
图2是本申请一实施例中的云台的控制方法的方法流程示意图,其中,本申请实施例的云台的控制方法的执行主体为云台。请参见图2,本申请实施例的云台的控制方法可以包括如下步骤:
S201:检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示,其中,预设状态包括启动和停止中的一个;
当预设状态为启动时,指示云台进入预设状态的指示即为指示云台绕某一轴的运动进入启动状态的指示;当预设状态为停止时,指示云台进入预设状态的指示即为指示云台绕某一轴的运动进入停止状态的指示。本文中,为方便描述,将指示云台绕某一轴的运动进入启动状态的指示称作第一指示,将指示云台绕某一轴的运动进入停止状态的指示称作第二指示。
其中,检测到第一指示的实现过程可以包括:检测到云台的控制装置发送的控制量由零变化成非零的数值大小;检测到第二指示的实现过程可以包括:检测到云台的控制装置发送的控制量由非零变化成零的数值大小。其中,控制量为单轴控制量,即输入的控制量用于控制云台绕一个轴转动,可以理解,假设输入的控制量为对应一个欧拉角速度的控制,可能引起多个关节角的运动,但仍认为是单轴控制量。对于多轴云台,云台包括多个转动轴,如偏航轴、横滚轴和俯仰轴,控制量包括偏航轴对应的控制量、横滚轴对应的控制量和俯仰轴对应的控制量中的一个,即为Yaw对应的控制量、Roll对应的控制量、Pitch对应的控制量中的一个,云台的控制装置发送的控制量为零是指:Yaw对应的控制量=0、或Roll对应的控制量=0、或Pitch对应的控制量=0,云台的控制装置发送的控制量由零变化成非零的数值大小是指:Yaw对应的控制量=0变化成Yaw对应的控制量不为零、或Roll对应的控制量=0变化成Roll对应的控制量不为零、或Pitch对应的控制量=0变化成Pitch对应的控制量不为零。云台的控制装置发送的控制量由非零变化成零的数值大小是指:Yaw对应的控制量不为零变化成Yaw对应的控制量=0、或Roll对应的控制量不为零变化成Roll对应的控制量=0、或Pitch对应的控制量不为零变化成Pitch对应的控制量=0。
本实施例的云台可以基于不同的方式确定是否检测到第一指示、第二指示,例如,在一些实施例中,由于控制量对应云台的速度,在控制云台时,控制装置会将控制量对应的云台速度发送给云台,以控制云台转动。因此,控制装置发送的控制量由零变化成非零的数值大小对应为:控制装置发送的云台的速度由零变化成非零的数值 大小;控制装置发送的控制量由非零变化成零的数值大小对应为:控制装置发送的云台的速度由非零变化成零的数值大小。在云台侧,若检测到控制装置发送的云台的速度由零变化成非零的数值大小,则确定检测到第一指示;若检测到控制装置发送的云台的速度由非零变化成零的数值大小,则确定检测到第二指示。其中,控制量对应云台的速度可以包括关节角速度或欧拉角速度。
在另外一些实施例中,第一指示、第二指示由控制装置发送,即云台在接收到控制装置发送的第一指示时,确定检测到第一指示;云台在接收到控制装置发送的第二指示时,确定检测到第二指示。示例性的,控制装置为遥控器,控制量根据用户操作遥控器的摇杆产生的杆量确定。进一步以云台为三轴云台为例,云台可以包括三个转动轴,如偏航轴、俯仰轴和横滚轴。可选地,遥控器包括两个摇杆,每个摇杆包括两个操作方向(如竖直操作方向和水平操作方向),其中一个摇杆的两个操作方向对应控制其中两个转动轴的转动,另一个摇杆的其中一个操作方向对应控制另外一个转动轴的转动。当摇杆位于正中时,对应转动轴的控制量的大小为零;当摇杆不位于正中时,对应转动轴的控制量的大小不为零。因此,云台的控制装置发送的控制量由零变化成非零的数值大小是指:其中一个摇杆处于正中位置变化成该摇杆由正中位置切换至某一操作方向的非正中位置;云台的控制装置发送的控制量由非零变化成零的数值大小是指:其中一个摇杆处于一个操作方向的非正中位置变化成该摇杆处于该操作方向的正中位置。可选地,控制装置在检测到其中一个摇杆处于正中位置变化成该摇杆由某一操作方向的正中位置切换至该操作方向的非正中位置时,发送第一指示云台;控制装置在检测到其中一个摇杆处于某一操作方向的非正中位置变化成该摇杆处于该操作方向的正中位置时,发送第二指示至云台。
S202:根据预设策略,控制云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度,预设策略用于指示云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度大小。
其中,当预设状态为启动时,目标速度为根据云台的控制装置发送的控制量确定。示例性的,控制装置为遥控器,当预设状态为启动时,目标速度为根据遥控器的实时杆量确定。当预设状态为停止时,目标速度为零。
示例性的,预设策略用于指示云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长大小,该时长为3秒,云台需启动至10度/秒,则在云台启动时,云台的速度需要由0度/秒运动至10度/秒,则控制云台的速度由0度/秒变成10度/秒这一过程需要3秒;用户松杆时的速度为10度/秒,云台停止时,云台的速度需要由10度/秒变成0度/秒, 则控制云台的速度由云台由10度/秒变成0度/秒这一过程需要3秒。
预设策略用于指示云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小,该角度为10度,云台需启动至10度/秒,则在云台启动时,云台的速度需要由0度/秒运动至10度/秒,则控制云台的速度由0度/秒变成10度/秒这一过程云台所需转动的角度大小为10度;用户松杆时的速度为10度/秒,云台停止时,云台的速度需要由10度/秒变成0度/秒,则控制云台的速度由云台由10度/秒变成0度/秒这一过程云台所需转动的角度大小为10度。
本实施例中,云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度为根据预设参数的大小确定。可选地,云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长与预设参数的大小呈线性关系,采用线性映射,用户能够获知云台由静止运动至启动状态对应的目标速度这一过程所需的时长或者云台由松杆时的速度至停止这一过程所需的时长。云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长smooth_time和预设参数smooth_param的线性关系可以采用如下公式表示:
smooth_time=a*mooth_param   (1);
公式(1)中,a为系数,a>0。可选地,0<a<1,比如a=1/10,此时,smooth_time=mooth_param/10;当然,a也可以设置为其他大于0的数值大小。
应当理解地,云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长与预设参数的大小也可以设置其他对应关系,并不限于线性关系。
可选地,云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度与预设参数的大小相等,用户能够获知云台由静止运动至启动状态对应的目标速度这一过程所需转动的角度大小或者云台由松杆时的速度至停止这一过程所需转动的角度大小。云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度smooth_angle和预设参数smooth_param的线性关系可以采用如下公式表示:
smooth_angle=mooth_param   (2)。
应当理解地,云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度与预设参数的大小也可以设置其他对应关系,并不限于上述公式(2)。
预设参数的大小可以通过不同方式设置,例如,在一些实施例中,预设参数的大小的设置过程包括但不限于如下步骤:
(1)、获取用户输入的用于指示预设参数的大小的设定指令;
其中,设定指令的产生方式可以包括多种,可选地,在一些实施例中,云台包括基座和设于基座上的第一控制部,设定指令由用户触发第一控制部产生;第一控制部可以包括按键、按钮、旋钮或上述组合。本实施例的第一控制部可以包括一个,也可以包括多个。当云台为手持云台时,手持云台可以包括手柄,第一控制部可以设于手柄上。在另外一些实施例中,设定指令由用户操作外部设备产生,并由外部设备发送。该外部设备可以为云台的控制装置。
(2)、根据设定指令,设置预设参数的大小。
例如,用户通过APP进行预设参数的大小的设定,预设参数的可设定范围为0-30,用户可以在APP上输入范围在0-30内的任意一个数值作为预设参数的大小,APP会根据用户在APP上的操作产生携带有用户当前设定的数值的设定指令,并将设定指令发送给云台,由云台根据设定指令,将预设参数的大小设置为上述用户当前设定的数值的大小。
本实施例中,用户根据需要设定预设参数的大小,提高用户使用的自由度。进一步地,云台在根据设定指令,设置预设参数的大小之后,保存用户最近一次设定的预设参数的大小,这样可以记住用户的使用习惯,便于下次使用。
在另外一些实施例中,将云台最近一次保存的预设参数的大小设置为预设参数的大小,根据历史记录的用户使用习惯来控制云台实现缓启停效果,能够提高云台使用的便捷性。其中,对于云台上电后第一次的启动,预设参数的大小即为云台最近一次下电时保存的预设参数的大小。
图3是本申请另一实施例中的云台的控制方法的方法流程示意图;请参见图3,在一些实施例种,云台在根据预设策略,控制云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度之前,还可以包括如下步骤:
S301:获取用户输入的用于指示将预设策略设置为时间策略和角度策略中的一个的设置指令,其中,时间策略用于指示云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长,角度策略用于指示云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小;
其中,设置指令的产生方式可以包括多种,可选地,在一些实施例中,云台包括基座和设于基座上的第二控制部,设置指令由用户触发第二控制部产生;第二控制部可以包括按键、按钮、旋钮或上述组合。本实施例的第二控制部可以包括一个,也 可以包括多个。当云台为手持云台时,手持云台可以包括手柄,第二控制部可以设于手柄上。在另外一些实施例中,设置指令由用户操作外部设备产生,并由外部设备发送。该外部设备可以为云台的控制装置。
用户输入设置指令的方式可以包括多种,例如,通过操作APP上下拉框,选中下拉框中显示的时间策略和角度策略中的一个的方式输入设置指令;又如,通过点击APP上的策略切换按钮的方式输入设置指令;应当理解地,用户输入设置指令的方式并不限于上述列举的方式。
S302:根据设置指令,设置预设策略为时间策略和角度策略中的一个。
其中,当用户输入设置指令用于指示将预设策略设置为时间策略,云台在获取到设置指令后,会将预设策略设置为时间策略;当用户输入设置指令用于指示将预设策略设置为角度策略,云台在获取到设置指令后,会将预设策略设置为角度策略。
本实施例中,用户可以根据使用需求自行选择预设策略为时间策略和角度策略中的一个。
示例性的,在一些使用场景中,云台搭载有拍摄装置,用户需要通过云台拍摄目标物体运动如人物奔跑的画面,当人物停止时,云台也需停止转动,此时,可以将预设策略设置为时间策略,使得云台停止阶段所需的时长与人物奔跑的时长相等;又如,在另外一些使用场景中,在云台启动阶段,云台需要拍摄目标物体由远至近的画面,并且这一拍摄过程的起始位置以及结束位置、目标物体的位置在画面上的位置均已知,则可以将预设策略设置为角度策略,云台在启动阶段所需转动的角度大小已知,即可精确控制目标物体在画面上的位置。
图4是本申请另一实施例中的云台的控制方法的方法流程示意图;当预设策略用于指示云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长时,请参见图4,本实施例的云台的控制方法还可以包括:
S401:获取云台的控制装置发送的当前控制量和目标控制量,其中,当前控制量和目标控制量为非零数值大小;
S402:根据当前控制量和目标控制量的差值与控制装置的最大控制量的比值以及云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长,确定云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长;
假设当前控制量表示为s 1,目标控制量表示为s 2,比值表示为r,最大控制量 表示为s max,则比值r的计算公式如下:
Figure PCTCN2020073484-appb-000001
本实施例中,云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长为根据比值与云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长的乘积确定,可选地,云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长t的计算公式如下:
t=r*smooth_time   (4);
结合上述公式(3)和(4),即确定云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长t。
示例性的,smooth_time=3秒,当摇杆位于正中位置时,控制装置的控制量为0;当遥控器的摇杆处于满杆位置时,控制装置处于最大控制量,假设s max=1;当摇杆位于满杆位置和正中位置的中间位置时,控制装置的控制量为0.5。用户操作摇杆由满杆位置移动至上述中间位置时,云台由满杆对应的速度运动至上述中间位置对应的速度所需的时长
Figure PCTCN2020073484-appb-000002
用户操作摇杆由上述中间位置移动至满杆位置时,云台由上述中间位置对应的速度运动至满杆对应的速度所需的时长t也为1.5秒。
应当理解的是,云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长的计算方式并不限于上述公式(4)的计算方式,也可以设置为其他计算方式。
S403:根据云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长,控制云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度。
在使用时间策略控制云台启停时,通过上述步骤S401~S403,可以使得云台在非启停阶段的运动与时间策略相适配,确保云台在非启动阶段和启停阶段的运动的一致性防止运动突变导致的画面突兀。
图5是本申请另一实施例中的云台的控制方法的方法流程示意图;当预设策略用于指示云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小时,请参见图4,本实施例的云台的控制方法还可以包括:
S501:获取云台的控制装置发送的当前控制量和目标控制量,其中,当前控制 量和目标控制量为非零数值大小;
S502:根据云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小以及控制装置的最大控制量对应的速度,确定云台的加速度;
其中,云台转动的角度S的计算公式为:
Figure PCTCN2020073484-appb-000003
又V max=at′  (6);
公式(5)和(6),a为云台的加速度,t′为云台运动的时长,V max为最大控制量对应的速度,将公式(6)代入公式(5)中,得到:
Figure PCTCN2020073484-appb-000004
由公式(7)得到:
Figure PCTCN2020073484-appb-000005
公式(8)中,V max已知,S为云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小,如10度,则可以根据公式(8)确定云台的加速度。
进一步的,确定云台的加速度后,可以确定云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度,该所需的时长或所需转动的角度可以输出展示给用户,如显示。
S503:根据云台的加速度,控制云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度。
在使用角度策略控制云台启停时,通过上述步骤S501~S503,可以使得云台在非启停阶段的运动与角度策略相适配,确保云台在非启动阶段和启停阶段的运动的一致性防止运动突变导致的画面突兀。
可以理解,启动阶段和停止阶段可以采用相同的策略,也可以采用不同的策略。并且,无论采用上述说明的何种策略,云台由当前控制量对应的速度运动至目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度可以预先存储在云台,并根据获取的控制量实时输出展示给用户。
对应于上述实施例的云台的控制方法,本申请实施例还提供一种云台,请结合图1和图6,该云台包括基座、轴组件和控制器。其中,轴组件设置于基座上,并且,轴组件用于搭载拍摄装置。控制器与轴组件电耦合连接,可选地,控制器设于基座。
具体的,控制器用于实现如下操作:检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示;根据预设策略,控制云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度;其中,预设状态包括启动和停止中的一个,预设策略用于指示云台运动至预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度大小。
控制器的实现过程和工作原理可参见上述实施例的云台的控制方法的描述,此处不再赘述。
本实施例的控制器可以是中央处理器(central processing unit,CPU)。控制器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit,ASIC),可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device,PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device,CPLD),现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array,FPGA),通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic,GAL)或其任意组合。
此外,当云台为手持云台时,基座可以为手持云台的手柄,或设于手持云台的手柄上。
此外,本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现上述实施例的云台的控制方法的步骤。
所述计算机可读存储介质可以是前述任一实施例所述的云台的内部存储单元,例如硬盘或内存。所述计算机可读存储介质也可以是云台的外部存储设备,例如所述设备上配备的插接式硬盘、智能存储卡(Smart Media Card,SMC)、SD卡、闪存卡(Flash Card)等。进一步的,所述计算机可读存储介质还可以既包括云台的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。所述计算机可读存储介质用于存储所述计算机程序以及所述云台所需的其他程序和数据,还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中,该程序在执行时,可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中,所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory,ROM)或随机存储记 忆体(Random Access Memory,RAM)等。
以上所揭露的仅为本申请部分实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本申请之权利范围,因此依本申请权利要求所作的等同变化,仍属本申请所涵盖的范围。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种云台的控制方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示;
    根据预设策略,控制所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度;
    其中,所述预设状态包括启动和停止中的一个,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度大小。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设状态为启动时,所述目标速度为根据所述云台的控制装置发送的控制量确定。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设状态为停止时,所述目标速度为零。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述时长或所述角度为根据预设参数的大小确定。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设参数的大小的设置过程包括:
    获取用户输入的用于指示所述预设参数的大小的设定指令;
    根据所述设定指令,设置所述预设参数的大小;或者,
    将所述云台最近一次保存的预设参数的大小设置为所述预设参数的大小。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述时长与所述预设参数的大小呈线性关系。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述角度与所述预设参数的大小相等。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据预设策略,控制所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度之前,还包括:
    获取用户输入的用于指示将所述预设策略设置为时间策略和角度策略中的一个的设置指令;
    根据所述设置指令,设置所述预设策略为所述时间策略和所述角度策略中的一个;
    其中,所述时间策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长,所述角度策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述云台包括:基座和设于所述基座上的控制部,所述设置指令由用户触发所述控制部产生;或者,
    所述设置指令由用户操作外部设备产生,并由所述外部设备发送。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设状态为启动时,所述检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示,包括:
    检测到所述云台的控制装置发送的控制量由零变化成非零的数值大小。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设状态为停止时,所述检 测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示,包括:
    检测到所述云台的控制装置发送的控制量由非零变化成零的数值大小。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长时,所述方法还包括:
    获取所述云台的控制装置发送的当前控制量和目标控制量,其中,所述当前控制量和所述目标控制量为非零数值大小;
    根据所述当前控制量和所述目标控制量的差值与所述控制装置的最大控制量的比值以及所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长,确定所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长;
    根据所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长,控制所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长为根据所述比值与所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长的乘积确定。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小时,所述方法还包括:
    获取所述云台的控制装置发送的当前控制量和目标控制量,其中,所述当前控制量和所述目标控制量为非零数值大小;
    根据所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小以及所述控制装置的最大控制量对应的速度,确定所述云台的加速度;
    根据所述云台的加速度,控制所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度。
  15. 一种云台,其特征在于,所述云台包括:
    基座;
    设置于所述基座上的轴组件,所述轴组件用于搭载拍摄装置;和
    控制器,与所述轴组件电耦合连接,所述控制器用于实现如下操作:
    检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示;
    根据预设策略,控制所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度;
    其中,所述预设状态包括启动和停止中的一个,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长或所需转动的角度大小。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的云台,其特征在于,所述预设状态为启动时,所述目标速度为根据所述云台的控制装置发送的控制量确定。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的云台,其特征在于,所述预设状态为停止时,所述目标速度为零。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的云台,其特征在于,所述时长或所述角度为根据预设 参数的大小确定。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的云台,其特征在于,所述控制器在设置预设参数的大小时,具体用于实现如下操作:
    获取用户输入的用于指示所述预设参数的大小的设定指令;
    根据所述设定指令,设置所述预设参数的大小;或者,
    将所述云台最近一次保存的预设参数的大小设置为所述预设参数的大小。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的云台,其特征在于,所述时长与所述预设参数的大小呈线性关系。
  21. 根据权利要求18或19所述的云台,其特征在于,所述角度与所述预设参数的大小相等。
  22. 根据权利要求15所述的云台,其特征在于,所述控制器在根据预设策略,控制所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度之前,还用于实现如下操作:
    获取用户输入的用于指示将所述预设策略设置为时间策略和角度策略中的一个的设置指令;
    根据所述设置指令,设置所述预设策略为所述时间策略和所述角度策略中的一个;
    其中,所述时间策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长,所述角度策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的云台,其特征在于,所述云台包括:基座和设于所述基座上的控制部,所述设置指令由用户触发所述控制部产生;或者,
    所述设置指令由用户操作外部设备产生,并由所述外部设备发送。
  24. 根据权利要求15所述的云台,其特征在于,所述预设状态为启动时,所述控制器在检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示时,具体用于实现如下操作:
    检测到所述云台的控制装置发送的控制量由零变化成非零的数值大小。
  25. 根据权利要求15所述的云台,其特征在于,所述预设状态为停止时,所述控制器在检测到指示云台进入预设状态的指示时,具体用于实现如下操作:
    检测到所述云台的控制装置发送的控制量由非零变化成零的数值大小。
  26. 根据权利要求15所述的云台,其特征在于,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长时,所述控制器还用于实现如下操作:
    获取所述云台的控制装置发送的当前控制量和目标控制量,其中,所述当前控制量和所述目标控制量为非零数值大小;
    根据所述当前控制量和所述目标控制量的差值与所述控制装置的最大控制量的比值以及所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长,确定所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长;
    根据所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长,控制所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的 速度。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的云台,其特征在于,所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度所需的时长为根据所述比值与所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需的时长的乘积确定。
  28. 根据权利要求15所述的云台,其特征在于,所述预设策略用于指示所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小时,所述控制器还用于实现如下操作:
    获取所述云台的控制装置发送的当前控制量和目标控制量,其中,所述当前控制量和所述目标控制量为非零数值大小;
    根据所述云台运动至所述预设状态对应的目标速度所需转动的角度大小以及所述控制装置的最大控制量对应的速度,确定所述云台的加速度;
    根据所述云台的加速度,控制所述云台由所述当前控制量对应的速度运动至所述目标控制量对应的速度。
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