WO2021136231A1 - 一种适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰pu皮革及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰pu皮革及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2021136231A1
WO2021136231A1 PCT/CN2020/140609 CN2020140609W WO2021136231A1 WO 2021136231 A1 WO2021136231 A1 WO 2021136231A1 CN 2020140609 W CN2020140609 W CN 2020140609W WO 2021136231 A1 WO2021136231 A1 WO 2021136231A1
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layer
leather
agent
solid
adhesive
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PCT/CN2020/140609
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘红
孙利
顾天琪
高金岗
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苏州瑞高新材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2021136231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021136231A1/zh

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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of artificial leather, and specifically relates to a PU leather suitable for spray coating and coating of automobile interior decorations and a preparation method thereof.
  • PU artificial leather is the epidermis of polyurethane, which is suitable for various decorations instead of real leather. It has good shaping effect and bright surface.
  • manufacture of PU leather includes base fabric treatment, rubber preparation, coating, laminating, surface treatment, coiling and other processes.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an improved PU leather suitable for spray coating and coating of automotive interior PU leather and a preparation method thereof.
  • the PU leather includes a coating layer, a PU composite film layer, a PUR adhesive layer and an impermeable base cloth layer arranged in sequence.
  • the PUR adhesive layer uses The adhesive is a solvent-free PU adhesive, and the anti-permeation base fabric layer is an anti-permeation treated base fabric.
  • the anti-permeability base fabric layer locks the anti-permeability after considering the process, anti-permeability and economic factors.
  • the permeability of the anti-permeability base fabric layer is water impermeable within 3 minutes.
  • the method of the anti-permeation treatment is to use a water-repellent agent for water-repellent treatment.
  • the base fabric is a polyester fabric.
  • the thickness of the PUR bonding layer is 0.05 to 0.15 mm.
  • the raw material formula of the solvent-free PU adhesive includes the following components:
  • the solvent-free adhesive has a high degree of adhesion and integration and is durable in use.
  • the solvent-free adhesive material A is a polyester polyol; the solvent-free adhesive material B is an isocyanate prepolymer.
  • the solvent-free adhesive with the above combination has excellent performance and is suitable for the formulation of the present invention.
  • the PU composite film layer is composed of a PU surface layer and a PU high-solid layer arranged in sequence, the PU surface layer is located between the finishing layer and the PU high-solid layer, and the PU The high-solid layer is located between the PU surface layer and the PUR bonding layer.
  • the thickness of the PU surface layer is 0.03-0.10 mm, preferably 0.05-0.08 mm.
  • the PU surface layer mainly determines the outer tube (such as texture, color, gloss, etc.) and some surface properties related to the appearance (such as heat resistance, light aging resistance, etc.).
  • the thickness of the PU surface layer reaches the balance of economy and performance. .
  • the raw material formula of the PU surface layer includes the following components:
  • the thickness of the PU high-solid layer is 0.30-0.50 mm, preferably 0.35-0.40 mm, and the thickness of the PU high-solid layer reaches the balance point of economy and performance.
  • the raw material formula of the PU high-solid layer includes the following components:
  • the high solid resin is a high solid content polyurethane resin, and the solid content is greater than or equal to 98%.
  • the thickness of the PU surface layer is 0.03-0.10 mm, and the thickness of the PU high-solid layer is 0.30-0.50 mm.
  • the coating layer pays attention to beauty and anti-fouling, so the surface treatment of optical effect is used to matte or increase the gloss, and the treatments such as abrasion resistance are applied to maximize the comprehensive use performance.
  • the raw material formula of the finishing layer includes the following components:
  • the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • step (3) According to the formula weight parts, mix and stir the solvent-free adhesive material A, solvent-free adhesive material B, accelerator, curing agent, leveling agent and flame retardant evenly to prepare solvent-free PU adhesive Slurry, apply the solvent-free PU adhesive slurry to the surface of the PU high-solid layer of the PU composite film layer obtained by step (2), the thickness of the wet material coating is controlled at 0.25 ⁇ 0.01mm, under the condition of 100 ⁇ 110°C Bake for 3 ⁇ 1min, then attach it to the impermeable base fabric, bake for 10 ⁇ 1min at 135 ⁇ 145°C, and then separate the release paper to obtain semi-finished PU leather;
  • the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the PU leather of the present invention adopts an impermeable base fabric with a special impermeable treatment as the base of the PU leather, so that the glue of the PU leather of the present invention cannot penetrate into the PUR bonding layer through the gaps of the base fabric yarn during the glue spraying process, and spray glue at the same time
  • the loss is reduced, and the peeling force between the PU leather base fabric layer and the 3D mesh and plastic skeleton can be greatly improved, and the amount of glue sprayed on the overall molding is reduced, saving glue cost. It solves the problem of preventing insufficient peeling force of the coated sample due to the glue seepage of the base fabric during the coating spraying process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the PU leather of Example 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a preparation flow chart of the PU leather of Example 1.
  • 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of the anti-permeation effect of the anti-permeation base fabric in the PU leather of Example 1.
  • the automotive interior PU leather suitable for spray coating provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the PU leather includes a finishing layer 1, a PU composite film layer 2, a PUR bonding layer 3, and an impermeable base.
  • Cloth layer 4, PU composite film layer 2 includes a PU surface layer 2a and a PU high-solid layer 2b arranged in sequence.
  • the PU surface layer 2a is located between the finishing layer 1 and the PU high-solid layer 2b, and the PU high-solid layer 2b is located on the PU surface layer. Between 2a and PUR bonding layer 3.
  • the composition and formula of the finishing layer 1, the PU surface layer 2a, the PU high-solid layer 2b, and the PUR bonding layer 3 are shown in Table 1.
  • the PU resin is a polyether and polycarbon copolymer polyurethane
  • the high-solid resin is an aromatic high-solid polyurethane
  • the solvent-free adhesive A is a polyol composition
  • the solvent-free adhesive B is an isocyanate prepolymer.
  • the anti-permeable base fabric used in the anti-permeable base fabric layer 4 is the polyester base fabric through the following methods for anti-seepage treatment:
  • the permeability test method is the glue-tip dropper distilled water test method.
  • the preparation method of the PU leather is:
  • the PU leather suitable for spray coating and coating of automotive interior PU leather provided in this embodiment, wherein the components and formulas of the finishing layer 1, the PU surface layer 2a, the PU high-solid layer 2b, and the PUR bonding layer 3 are shown in Table 1. , Others are the same as in Example 1.
  • the anti-permeation base fabric is the polyester base fabric through the following methods for anti-permeation treatment:
  • the PU leather suitable for spray coating and coating of automotive interior PU leather provided in this embodiment, wherein the components and formulas of the finishing layer 1, the PU surface layer 2a, the PU high-solid layer 2b, and the PUR bonding layer 3 are shown in Table 1. , Others are the same as in Example 1.
  • the anti-permeation base fabric is the polyester base fabric through the following methods for anti-permeation treatment:
  • Distilled water was added dropwise to the surface of the treated anti-permeable base fabric, which did not penetrate within 3 minutes and the water droplets quickly rolled off the base fabric at an angle of 45 degrees.
  • Table 1 shows the raw material formulations of the PU leather coating layer, PU surface layer, PU high-solid layer, and PUR bonding layer of Examples 1 to 5
  • the PU resin is a polyether and polycarbon copolymer polyurethane
  • the high-solid resin is an aromatic high-solid polyurethane
  • the solvent-free adhesive material A is a polyol combination material
  • the solvent-free adhesive material B is an isocyanate prepolymer.
  • the PU leathers of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were tested for peel strength.
  • the specific method is as follows: refer to GB/T8808-1988, unit: N/m. Among them, 50% spray volume refers to the wet weight of 100g glue; 100% spray volume refers to the wet weight of 200g glue. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Table 2 shows the peel force test results of the spray test of the PU leather of Examples 1 to 3, the existing PU leather on the market and the PU leather of Comparative Examples 1 to 3

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Abstract

一种适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革及其制备方法，所述PU皮革包括依次设置的涂饰层(1)、PU复合膜层(2)、PUR粘接层(3)和防渗透基布层(4)，所述PUR粘接层(3)使用的粘合剂为无溶剂PU粘合剂，所述防渗透基布层(4)为经过防渗透处理的基布织物。该PU皮革采用经过特殊防渗透处理的防渗透基布作为PU皮革的基底，使得该PU皮革在喷胶过程中胶水无法通过基布纱织空隙渗透到PUR粘接层（3），同时喷胶损失量减小，能够大幅度提高PU皮革基布层与3Dmesh及塑料骨架之间的剥离力，整体成型喷胶量减少，节省胶水成本。解决了在包覆喷胶过程防止因为基布织物渗胶导致包覆样件剥离力不足的问题。

Description

一种适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于人造革技术领域，具体涉及一种适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革及其制备方法。
背景技术
皮革所具有的特殊性能和手感，使其成为箱包、服装、鞋、车辆和家具的装饰中“高档”的代名词，充分得到了市场的肯定，其应用范围之广，数量之大，品种之多，难以估量。而由于天然皮革生产周期长，数量有限，人造革成为其替代品，而人造革领域也种类繁多，高档的人造革甚至比真皮革价格还昂贵。
PU人造革就是聚氨酯成分的表皮，适用于做各种取代真皮做的装饰，定型效果好，表面光亮。一般PU皮革的制造包括基布处理、胶料制备、涂覆、贴合、表面处理、卷取等工序。
目前，PU皮革的制造工艺已经渐趋于成熟，但市面上对于PU皮革喷胶包覆成型还存在与3D Mesh或者塑料骨架粘接撕剥力不足问题，尤其是汽车内饰仪表板部位，影响包覆效率。这主要是因为目前市场上用于喷胶包覆的PU皮革主要用针织基布作为基材，而针织基布包覆喷胶过程中渗胶问题一直存在，所以，导致喷胶过程中，不仅胶使用量较大，而且由于渗胶问题而导致包覆样件剥离力不足。
发明内容
本发明目的是为了克服现有技术的不足而提供一种改进的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革及其制备方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案为：
一种适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，所述PU皮革包括依次设置的涂饰层、PU复合膜层、PUR粘接层和防渗透基布层，所述PUR粘接层使用的粘合剂为无溶剂PU粘合剂，所述防渗透基布层为经过防渗透处理的基布织物。
根据本发明的一些实施方面，所述防渗透基布层，作为决定喷胶包覆过程撕剥力重要影响因素，在结合工艺、防渗透性能及经济因素考虑后，锁定了防渗透性。
进一步地，所述防渗透基布层的渗透率为水在3min内不渗透。
进一步地，所述防渗透处理的方法为使用拨水剂进行防水处理。
进一步地，所述基布织物为涤纶织物。
根据本发明的一些实施方面，所述PUR粘接层的厚度为0.05～0.15mm。
根据本发明的一些实施例方面，按重量份计，所述无溶剂PU粘合剂的原料配方包括以下组分：
Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-000001
所述无溶剂粘合剂粘合一体化程度高，使用耐久。
所述无溶剂粘合剂A料为聚酯多元醇；所述无溶剂粘合剂B料为异氰酸酯预聚体。采用上述搭配的无溶剂粘合剂性能优异，适用于本发明的配方。
根据本发明的一些实施例方面，所述PU复合膜层由依次设置的PU面层和PU高固层构成，所述PU面层位于所述涂饰层和PU高固层之间，所述PU高固层位于所述PU面层和PUR粘结层之间。
所述PU面层的厚度为0.03-0.10mm，优选厚度为0.05～0.08mm。所述PU面层主要决定外管(如纹理、颜色、光泽等)以及部分与外观相关的表面性能(如耐热、耐光照老化等)，PU面层的厚度达到了经济和性能的平衡点。
优选地，按重量份计，所述PU面层的原料配方包括以下组分：
Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-000002
所述PU高固层的厚度为0.30-0.50mm，优选厚度为0.35～0.40mm，所述PU高固层的厚度达到了经济和性能的平衡点。
优选地，按重量份计，所述PU高固层的原料配方包括以下组分：
Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-000004
所述高固树脂为高固含量聚氨酯树脂，固含量大于等于98％。
根据本发明的一些实施例方面，所述PU面层的厚度为0.03-0.10mm，所述PU高固层的厚度为0.30-0.50mm。
所述涂饰层注重美感与防污，故而使用光学效应的表面处理，消光或增光，再加以耐磨性等处理，使其综合使用性能得以最大发挥。
优选地，按重量份计，所述涂饰层的原料配方包括以下组分：
Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-000005
本发明采取的另一技术方案：上述所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革的制备方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)按配方重量份，使PU树脂、DMF、醋酸乙酯和色浆混合搅拌均匀，制得PU面层的混合料；取一离型纸，将PU面层的混合料涂于离型纸表面上，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.25±0.01mm，在70～125℃条件下烘4±1min，制得PU面层；
(2)按配方重量份，使高固树脂、交联剂、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、阻燃剂、流平剂、色浆、发泡剂混合搅拌均匀，制得PU高固层的混合料，将PU高固层的混合料涂在经步骤(1)制得的PU面层上，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.4±0.01mm，在150～165℃条件下烘3±1min，获得包括有PU面层和形成在PU面层上的PU高固层的PU复合膜层；
(3)按配方重量份，使无溶剂粘合剂A料、无溶剂粘合剂B料、促进剂、熟化 剂、流平剂和阻燃剂混合搅拌均匀，制得无溶剂PU粘合剂浆料，将无溶剂PU粘合剂浆料涂至经步骤(2)得到PU复合膜层的PU高固层表面，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.25±0.01mm，在100～110℃条件下烘3±1min，然后与防渗透基布贴合，在135～145℃条件下烘10±1min，然后分离离型纸，制得PU皮革半成品；
(4)按配方重量份，使半亮消光表面处理剂、增光表面处理剂、交联剂、耐磨剂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂和水混合搅拌均匀，制得涂饰层混合料，然后将涂饰层混合料涂至步骤(3)制得的PU皮革半成品的PU面层表面，在125～130℃条件下烘2±1min，制得所述PU皮革成品。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：
本发明的PU皮革采用经过特殊防渗透处理的防渗透基布作为PU皮革的基底，使得本发明PU皮革在喷胶过程中胶水无法通过基布纱织空隙渗透到PUR粘接层，同时喷胶损失量减小，能够大幅度提高PU皮革基布层与3Dmesh及塑料骨架之间的剥离力，整体成型喷胶量减少，节省胶水成本。解决了在包覆喷胶过程防止因为基布织物渗胶导致包覆样件剥离力不足的问题。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的PU皮革的结构示意图。
图2为实施例1的PU皮革的制备流程图。
图3和图4为实施例1的PU皮革中的防渗透基布的防渗透效果示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的具体实施作进一步详细说明，但本发明的实施和保护范围不限于此。
实施例1
本实施例提供的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，如图1所示，该PU皮革包括依次设置的涂饰层1、PU复合膜层2、PUR粘接层3、防渗透基布层4，PU复合膜层2包括依次设置的PU面层2a和PU高固层2b，PU面层2a位于涂饰层1和PU高固层2b之间，PU高固层2b位于PU面层2a和PUR粘接层3之间。
本例中，涂饰层1、PU面层2a、PU高固层2b、PUR粘接层3的组分及配方如表1所示。其中，PU树脂为聚醚和聚碳共聚聚氨酯，高固树脂为芳香型高固含量聚氨酯，无溶剂粘合剂A料为多元醇组合料，无溶剂粘合剂B料为异氰酸酯预聚体。
本例中，防渗透基布层4使用的防渗透基布是将涤纶基布通过以下方法进行防渗 透处理：
将氟素C8水性防水剂，均匀混合于水中，混合比例为防水剂：水＝1:1000，一浸一轧，烘干焙烘160-180℃，焙烘时间40-60秒。
经上述方法对涤纶基布进行防渗透处理后，对防渗透基布进行渗透性测试，测试结果如图3和图4所示，图3显示，蒸馏水滴加到防渗透基布表面，图4显示，在3min内不渗透且基布倾斜45度角水滴不滚落。
渗透性测试的方法为胶头滴管蒸馏水测试法。
该PU皮革的制备方法为：
(1)按配方重量份，使PU树脂、DMF、醋酸乙酯和色浆混合搅拌均匀，制得PU面层的混合料；取一离型纸，将PU面层的混合料涂于离型纸表面上，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.25±0.01mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min，加热烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为70/80/90/100/110/125℃，烘干时间共计4min，得PU面层；
(2)按配方重量份，使高固树脂、交联剂、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、阻燃剂、流平剂、色浆、发泡剂混合搅拌均匀，制得PU高固层的混合料，将PU高固层的混合料涂在经步骤(1)制得的PU面层上，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.4±0.01mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min，加热烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为155/160/165/165/165/150℃，烘干时间共计3min，获得包括有PU面层和形成在PU面层上的PU高固层的PU复合膜层；
(3)按配方重量份，使无溶剂粘合剂A料、无溶剂粘合剂B料、促进剂、熟化剂、流平剂和阻燃剂混合搅拌均匀，制得无溶剂PU粘合剂浆料，将无溶剂PU粘合剂浆料涂至经步骤(2)得到PU复合膜层的PU高固层表面，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.25±0.01mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min；采用阶梯式预烘干3±1min，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次100/100/100/110/110/110℃，使得粘接剂具有粘附力后，与防渗透基布进行粘接；然后进行充分烘干，采用阶梯式预烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次135/135/135/140/140/140/140/140/145/145/145/145/145/145℃，烘干时间10min，然后分离离型纸，分离离型纸一面为纹理面，卷曲，制得PU皮革半成品；
(4)按配方重量份，使半亮消光表面处理剂、增光表面处理剂、交联剂、耐磨剂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂和水混合搅拌均匀，制得涂饰层混合料，用辊涂机，将 混合浆料辊涂到步骤(3)制得的PU皮革半成品的PU面层表面，车速控制在(10±2)m/min，烘干，烘干温度依次为125/130/130/130/130/125℃，烘干时间2-3min，烘干后卷取，即得到适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，检测合格后投放市场。
实施例2
本实施例提供的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其中，涂饰层1、PU面层2a、PU高固层2b、PUR粘接层3的组分及配方如表1所示，其他同实施例1。
本例中，防渗透基布是将涤纶基布通过以下方法进行防渗透处理：
将氟素C8水性防水剂，均匀混合于水中，混合比例为防水剂：水＝1.2:1000，一浸一轧，烘干焙烘160-180℃，焙烘时间40-60秒。
在经处理后的防渗透基布表面滴加蒸馏水，在3min内不渗透且基布倾斜45度角水滴不滚落。
实施例3
本实施例提供的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其中，涂饰层1、PU面层2a、PU高固层2b、PUR粘接层3的组分及配方如表1所示，其他同实施例1。
本例中，防渗透基布是将涤纶基布通过以下方法进行防渗透处理：
将氟素C8水性防水剂，均匀混合于水中，混合比例为防水剂：水＝1.3:1000，一浸一轧，烘干焙烘160-180℃，焙烘时间40-60秒。
在经处理后的防渗透基布表面滴加蒸馏水，在3min内不渗透且基布倾斜45度角水滴不滚落。
对比例1
本例提供的汽车内饰PU皮革中的基布层采用如下方式进行处理：将氟素C8水性防水剂，均匀混合于水中，混合比例为防水剂：水＝0.1:1000，一浸一轧，烘干焙烘160-180℃，焙烘时间40-60秒。
在经处理后的防渗透基布表面滴加蒸馏水，在3min内蒸馏水渗透进基布。
其他同实施例1。
对比例2
本例提供的汽车内饰PU皮革中的基布层采用如下方式进行处理：将氟素C8水性防水剂，均匀混合于水中，混合比例为防水剂：水＝0.5:1000，一浸一轧，烘干焙烘160-180℃，焙烘时间40-60秒。
在经处理后的防渗透基布表面滴加蒸馏水，在3min内蒸馏水渗透进基布。
其他同实施例1。
对比例3
本例提供的汽车内饰PU皮革中的基布层采用如下方式进行处理：将氟素C8水性防水剂，均匀混合于水中，混合比例为防水剂：水＝2:1000，一浸一轧，烘干焙烘160-180℃，焙烘时间40-60秒。
在经处理后的防渗透基布表面滴加蒸馏水，在3min内不渗透且基布倾斜45度角水滴迅速滚落。
其他同实施例1。
表1为实施例1～5的PU皮革的涂饰层、PU面层、PU高固层、PUR粘接层的原料配方
Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-000007
PU树脂为聚醚和聚碳共聚聚氨酯，高固树脂为芳香型高固含量聚氨酯，无溶剂粘合剂A料为多元醇组合料，无溶剂粘合剂B料为异氰酸酯预聚体。
评价方法
对实施例1～3和对比例1～3的PU皮革进行剥离力测试，具体方法为：参照GB/T8808-1988，单位：N/m。其中，50％喷胶量是指100g胶水湿重；100％喷胶量是指200g胶水湿重。结果如表2所示。
表2为实施例1～3、市场上现有的PU皮革和对比例1～3的PU皮革喷胶试验剥离力测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-000008
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于，所述PU皮革包括依次设置的涂饰层、PU复合膜层、PUR粘接层和防渗透基布层，所述PUR粘接层使用的粘合剂为无溶剂PU粘合剂，所述防渗透基布层为经过防渗透处理的基布织物；
    所述防渗透基布层的渗透率为水在3min内不渗透；
    所述防渗透处理的方法为使用拨水剂进行防渗透处理；
    按重量份计，所述无溶剂PU粘合剂的原料配方包括以下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100001
    所述无溶剂粘合剂A料为聚酯多元醇；所述无溶剂粘合剂B料为异氰酸酯预聚体；
    所述PU复合膜层由依次设置的PU面层和PU高固层构成，所述PU面层位于所述涂饰层和PU高固层之间，所述PU高固层位于所述PU面层和PUR粘结层之间，其中，
    按重量份计，所述PU面层的原料配方包括以下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100002
    按重量份计，所述PU高固层的原料配方包括以下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100004
    所述高固树脂为固含量大于等于98％的高固含量聚氨酯树脂；
    按重量份计，所述涂饰层的原料配方包括以下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100005
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：所述基布织物为涤纶织物，所述拨水剂为氟素C8水性防水剂；所述PUR粘接层的厚度为0.05～0.15mm，所述PU面层的厚度为0.03-0.10mm，所述PU高固层的厚度为0.30-0.50mm；
    所述汽车内饰PU皮革通过包括以下步骤的方法制备得到：(1)按配方重量份，使PU树脂、DMF、醋酸乙酯和色浆混合搅拌均匀，制得PU面层的混合料；取一离型纸，将PU面层的混合料涂于离型纸表面上，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.25±0.01mm，在70～125℃条件下烘4±1min，制得PU面层；
    (2)按配方重量份，使高固树脂、交联剂、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、阻燃剂、流平剂、色浆、发泡剂混合搅拌均匀，制得PU高固层的混合料，将PU高固层的混合料涂在经步骤(1)制得的PU面层上，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.4±0.01mm，在150～165℃条件下烘3±1min，获得包括有PU面层和形成在PU面层上的PU高固层的PU复合膜层；
    (3)按配方重量份，使无溶剂粘合剂A料、无溶剂粘合剂B料、促进剂、熟化剂、流平剂和阻燃剂混合搅拌均匀，制得无溶剂PU粘合剂浆料，将无溶剂PU粘合剂浆料涂至经步骤(2)得到PU复合膜层的PU高固层表面，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.25±0.01mm，在100～110℃条件下烘3±1min，然后与防渗透基布贴合，在135～145℃条件下烘10±1min，然后分离离型纸，制得PU皮革半成品；
    (4)按配方重量份，使半亮消光表面处理剂、增光表面处理剂、交联剂、耐磨剂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂和水混合搅拌均匀，制得涂饰层混合料，然后将涂饰层混合料涂至步骤(3)制得的PU皮革半成品的PU面层表面，在125～130℃条件下烘2±1min，制得所述PU皮革成品。
  3. 一种适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于，所述PU皮革包括依次设置的涂饰层、PU复合膜层、PUR粘接层和防渗透基布层，所述PUR粘接层使用的粘合剂为无溶剂PU粘合剂，所述防渗透基布层为经过防渗透处理的基布织物。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：所述防渗透基布层的渗透率为水在3min内不渗透。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：所述防渗透处理的方法为使用拨水剂进行防渗透处理。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：所述基布织物为涤纶织物。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：所述PUR粘接层的厚度为0.05～0.15mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：按重量份计，所述无溶剂PU粘合剂的原料配方包括以下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100006
    所述无溶剂粘合剂A料为聚酯多元醇；所述无溶剂粘合剂B料为异氰酸酯预聚体。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：所述PU复合膜层由依次设置的PU面层和PU高固层构成，所述PU面层位于所述涂饰层和PU高固层之间，所述PU高固层位于所述PU面层和PUR粘结层之间，其中，
    按重量份计，所述PU面层的原料配方包括以下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100008
    按重量份计，所述PU高固层的原料配方包括以下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100009
    所述高固树脂为高固含量聚氨酯树脂。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：所述高固含量聚氨酯树脂的固含量大于等于98％。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于：所述PU面层的厚度为0.03-0.10mm，所述PU高固层的厚度为0.30-0.50mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革，其特征在于，按重量份计，所述涂饰层的原料配方包括以下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020140609-appb-100010
  13. 权利要求3～12中任一项权利要求所述的适用于喷胶包覆的汽车内饰PU皮革的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
    (1)按配方重量份，使PU树脂、DMF、醋酸乙酯和色浆混合搅拌均匀，制得 PU面层的混合料；取一离型纸，将PU面层的混合料涂于离型纸表面上，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.25±0.01mm，在70～125℃条件下烘4±1min，制得PU面层；
    (2)按配方重量份，使高固树脂、交联剂、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、阻燃剂、流平剂、色浆、发泡剂混合搅拌均匀，制得PU高固层的混合料，将PU高固层的混合料涂在经步骤(1)制得的PU面层上，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.4±0.01mm，在150～165℃条件下烘3±1min，获得包括有PU面层和形成在PU面层上的PU高固层的PU复合膜层；
    (3)按配方重量份，使无溶剂粘合剂A料、无溶剂粘合剂B料、促进剂、熟化剂、流平剂和阻燃剂混合搅拌均匀，制得无溶剂PU粘合剂浆料，将无溶剂PU粘合剂浆料涂至经步骤(2)得到PU复合膜层的PU高固层表面，湿料涂层厚度控制在0.25±0.01mm，在100～110℃条件下烘3±1min，然后与防渗透基布贴合，在135～145℃条件下烘10±1min，然后分离离型纸，制得PU皮革半成品；
    (4)按配方重量份，使半亮消光表面处理剂、增光表面处理剂、交联剂、耐磨剂、流平剂、消泡剂、增稠剂和水混合搅拌均匀，制得涂饰层混合料，然后将涂饰层混合料涂至步骤(3)制得的PU皮革半成品的PU面层表面，在125～130℃条件下烘2±1min，制得所述PU皮革成品。
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