CN108842474B - 一种pu-pp复合皮革及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种PU‑PP复合皮革，依次包括PP层、基布层、PU层、涂饰层，所述基布层、PU层之间具有粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层的原料为无溶剂PU粘合剂，所述PP层、基布层之间具有PP介质胶层，所述涂饰层为水性涂饰层，所述PU层包括两层PU单层，所述PU单层的原料包含以重量份计的：PU树脂95‑105份、DMF62‑68份、醋酸乙酯13‑17份、色浆8‑10份；所述PP介质胶层的原料包含以下重量份的组份：胶水A 5.6‑8份、消光粉2.4‑3.5份、固化剂0.68‑0.75份、溶剂0.8‑1.15份、滑爽助剂0.05‑0.075份、色浆0.05‑0.075份、胶水B 17‑24份。本发明的PU‑PP复合皮革及其制备方法，能够解决传统PVC、PU在包覆过程中的纹理失真问题，成型后的手感更贴近真皮，从而得到高档的质感和触感体验。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及人造革领域，尤其涉及一种PU-PP复合皮革及其制备方法。
背景技术
皮革所具有的的特殊性能和手感，使其成为箱包、服装、鞋、车辆和家具的装饰中“高档”的代名词，充分得到了市场的肯定，其应用范围之广，数量之大，品种之多，难以估量。而由于天然皮革生产周期长，数量有限，人造革成为其替代品，而人造革领域也种类繁多，高档的人造革甚至比真皮价格还昂贵。
PU人造革就是聚氨酯成份的表皮，适用于做各种取代真皮做的装饰，定型效果好表面光亮。一般PU皮革的制造包括基布处理、胶料制备、涂覆、贴合、表面处理、卷取等工序。目前，PU皮革的制造工艺已经渐趋成熟，但市面上对于高贴合度的性能的PU皮革却尚未得到广泛普及。为了提高立体纹路的档次感和真皮手感，很多都采用其他材料复合PU皮革；较常用的PVC、PU在包覆过程中容易出现纹理失真，工艺难度大，得到手感不能类比真皮的效果。为此，需要开发一种工艺在PU皮革复合其他材料以提升其品质。PP发泡材料是很好的一种复合材料。
因此，一种PU-PP复合皮革和其工艺的开发是必要的。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明开发一种PU-PP复合皮革，手感接近真皮，档次感十足，综合性能优异，以克服现有技术中的不足。
发明内容：一种PU-PP复合皮革，依次包括PP层、基布层、PU层、涂饰层，所述基布层、PU层之间具有粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层的原料为无溶剂PU粘合剂，所述PP层、基布层之间具有PP介质胶层，所述涂饰层为水性涂饰层，所述PU层包括两层PU单层，所述PU单层的原料包含以下重量份的组份：
所述PP介质胶层包含以下重量份的组份：
作为优选，所述涂饰层的原料包含以下重量份的组份：
涂饰层注重美感，故而使用光学效应的表面处理，消光或增光；而加以耐磨手感细腻处理，使其使用体验得到良好的升级。
作为优选，所述粘合剂层的原料包含以下重量份的组份：
无溶剂粘合剂A料 95-105份
无溶剂粘合剂B料 100-110份
催化剂 0.1份。
无溶剂粘合剂组份使其与PU层粘合度高，使用耐久，工艺方便。
进一步，所述无溶剂粘合剂A料为聚酯多元醇，所述无溶剂粘合剂B料为异氰酸酯。以上配方的粘合剂性能优异，粘合度高，适用于本发明的配方。
作为优选，所述PP层的材质为PP发泡材料。PP发泡材料材料对PU复合性能极佳且具有独特质感和手感。
作为优选，所述PU层的厚度为0.1-0.15mm。PU层的厚度达到了经济和性能的平衡点。
作为优选，所述粘合剂层的厚度为0.28-0.35mm。粘合剂层的厚度达到了经济和性能的平衡点。
一种PU-PP复合皮革的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)、按照配方重量份比例，在PU树脂中，加入DMF、醋酸乙酯、色浆，得到PU混合料，取一离型纸；搅拌均匀后，将PU混合料涂于离型纸上，涂层厚度控制在(0.15±0.01)mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min，加热烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为70/80/100/110/125/125℃，烘干时间共计4min，得PU面层，也即得到PU单层；
(2)、再次将PU混合料涂在已烘干的面层上，涂层厚度在(0.2±0.01)mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min，加热烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为70/80/100/110/125/125℃，烘干时间共计4min，得PU中层，也即得到了PU层；
(3)、按照配方重量份比例，添加无溶剂粘合剂A料、无溶剂粘合剂B料、催化剂，制得无溶剂PU粘合剂，将无溶剂PU粘合剂涂至PU中层的表面，涂层厚度(0.45±0.01)mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min；
(4)、无溶剂PU粘合剂贴合基布层，烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为130/130/130/135/135/135/135/135/140/140/140/140/140/140℃，烘干时间10min，然后分离离型纸，分离离型纸的一面为纹理面，卷曲，制成PU半成品；此时形成粘合剂层、基布层；
(5)、按照配方重量份比例，添加半亮消光表面处理剂、消光表面处理剂、干滑手感耐磨剂、湿滑手感耐磨剂、防污剂、流平剂、交联剂、工业蒸馏水，搅拌均匀，得到涂饰剂，用辊涂机，将涂饰剂辊涂到纹理面，车速控制在(10±2)m/min，烘干，烘干温度依次为120/125/130/130/130/125℃，烘干时间2-3min，烘干后卷曲，即得到PU皮革；
(6)、按照配方重量份比例，添加胶水A、消光粉、固化剂、溶剂、滑爽助剂、色浆，搅拌均匀，得到预处理胶水，将预处理胶水，用印刷机均匀印刷处理到指定规格的PP发泡材料上，车速控制在(12±1)m/min，烘干温度为110/120/120℃，烘干时间为2min，烘干后卷曲，完成对PP发泡材料的预处理；
(7)、按照配方重量份比例，将复合用的胶水B放到加热盘上，加热盘加热温度为(100±5)℃，出胶管道温度为(95±5)℃，出胶枪温为(95±5)℃，加热20-25min，待复合胶水可以流畅出胶时，出胶枪把胶水注入到两支复合辊之间，利用主动辊的转动将复合胶印刷到PP发泡材料的预处理面，印刷后烘干，然后与PU皮革的基布面进行复合，复合后卷曲，悬空架于架子上放置，进行湿气固化反应，静置165-180h，完成固化；检验合格后即可投放市场。
进一步，步骤(3)中，将制得的无溶剂PU粘合剂层预烘烤至半干贴环境，半干贴阶梯式调温的温度依次为75/75/80/80/75/75℃。半干贴为使树脂浆料达到一定干燥度再贴合的方式，工艺要求较高，优点显著如手感软、纹路细致等，特别适合于本高端汽车用革PU-PP。
和现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的一种PU-PP复合皮革，结构独特，工艺紧凑高效。PP层、基布层、PU层、涂饰层层次鲜明，且离型纸的介入使工艺过程紧密而可靠，每一层都经过精选配方调制，厚度科学，确保皮革的质感；PP介质胶层、粘合剂层对相邻两层的粘合紧密可靠，使用耐久；制备方法步骤精细，涂层、贴合均匀连续，烘干过程的阶梯式使其贴合度和成型效果得以稳定持续，得到良好触感。本发明的PU-PP复合皮革及其制备方法，能够解决传统PVC、PU在包覆过程中的纹理失真问题，成型后的手感更贴近真皮，从而得到高档的质感和触感体验。
附图说明
图1是本发明总体层次结构的示意图，图2是本发明制备方法的步骤简要示意图。
图中：1-PP层，2-基布层，3-PU层，30-PU单层，4-涂饰层，5-粘合剂层，6-PP介质胶层。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
实施例1～5
如图1～2，一种PU-PP复合皮革，依次包括PP层1、基布层2、PU层3、涂饰层4，所述基布层2、PU层3之间具有粘合剂层5，所述粘合剂层5的原料为无溶剂PU粘合剂，所述PP层1、基布层2之间具有PP介质胶层6，所述涂饰层4为水性涂饰层，所述PU层3包括两层PU单层30，所述PU层3的厚度为0.1-0.15mm，所述粘合剂层5的厚度为0.28-0.35mm，所述PP层1的材质为PP发泡材料。
所述PU层3、涂饰层4、粘合剂层5、PP介质胶层6在实施例1～5中包含如表1所示的重量份的组份。以下各个层的重量份组份仅表示相对于该层的重量份比例，各层之间的重量份的基准无关。
表1 PU层、涂饰层、粘合剂层、PP介质胶层的组分(单位：重量份)
其中，所述无溶剂粘合剂A料为聚酯多元醇，所述无溶剂粘合剂B料为异氰酸酯。
一种PU-PP复合皮革的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)、按照配方重量份比例，在PU树脂中，加入DMF、醋酸乙酯、色浆，得到PU混合料，取一离型纸；搅拌均匀后，将PU混合料涂于离型纸上，涂层厚度控制在(0.15±0.01)mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min，加热烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为70/80/100/110/125/125℃，烘干时间共计4min，得PU面层，也即得到PU单层30；
(2)、再次将PU混合料涂在已烘干的面层上，涂层厚度在(0.2±0.01)mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min，加热烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为70/80/100/110/125/125℃，烘干时间共计4min，得PU中层，也即得到了PU层3；
(3)、按照配方重量份比例，添加无溶剂粘合剂A料、无溶剂粘合剂B料、催化剂，制得无溶剂PU粘合剂，将无溶剂PU粘合剂涂至PU中层的表面，涂层厚度(0.45±0.01)mm，车速控制在(10±1)m/min；将制得的无溶剂PU粘合剂层预烘烤至半干贴环境，半干贴阶梯式调温的温度依次为75/75/80/80/75/75℃
(4)、无溶剂PU粘合剂贴合基布层，烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为130/130/130/135/135/135/135/135/140/140/140/140/140/140℃，烘干时间10min，然后分离离型纸，分离离型纸的一面为纹理面，卷曲，制成PU半成品；此时形成粘合剂层5、基布层2；
(5)、按照配方重量份比例，添加半亮消光表面处理剂、消光表面处理剂、干滑手感耐磨剂、湿滑手感耐磨剂、防污剂、流平剂、交联剂、工业蒸馏水，搅拌均匀，得到涂饰剂，用辊涂机，将涂饰剂辊涂到纹理面，车速控制在(10±2)m/min，烘干，烘干温度依次为120/125/130/130/130/125℃，烘干时间2-3min，烘干后卷曲，即得到PU皮革；
(6)、按照配方重量份比例，添加胶水A、消光粉、固化剂、溶剂、滑爽助剂、色浆，搅拌均匀，得到预处理胶水，将预处理胶水，用印刷机均匀印刷处理到指定规格的PP发泡材料上，车速控制在(12±1)m/min，烘干温度为110/120/120℃，烘干时间为2min，烘干后卷曲，完成对PP发泡材料的预处理；
(7)、按照配方重量份比例，将复合用的胶水B放到加热盘上，加热盘加热温度为(100±5)℃，出胶管道温度为(95±5)℃，出胶枪温为(95±5)℃，加热20-25min，待复合胶水可以流畅出胶时，出胶枪把胶水注入到两支复合辊之间，利用主动辊的转动将复合胶印刷到PP发泡材料的预处理面，印刷后烘干，然后与PU皮革的基布面进行复合，复合后卷曲，悬空架于架子上放置，进行湿气固化反应，静置165-180h，完成固化；检验合格后即可投放市场。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的优选技术方案，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，所做出的若干改进或等同替换，均视为本发明的保护范围，仍应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。
Claims (1)
1.一种PU-PP复合皮革，其特征在于，依次包括PP层、基布层、PU层、涂饰层，所述基布层、PU层之间具有粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层的原料为无溶剂PU粘合剂，所述PP层的材质为PP发泡材料，所述PP层、基布层之间具有PP介质胶层，所述涂饰层为水性涂饰层，所述PU层包括两层PU单层；
所述PU单层的原料包含以下重量份的组份：PU树脂 95-105份，DMF 62-68份，醋酸乙酯13-17份，色浆8-10份；所述PU层的厚度为0.1-0.15mm；
所述PP介质胶层的原料包含以下重量份的组份：胶水A 5.6-8份，消光粉2.4-3.5份，固化剂0.68-0.75份，溶剂0.8-1.15份，滑爽助剂0.05-0.075份，色浆0.05-0.075份，胶水B17-24份；
所述涂饰层的原料包含以下重量份的组份：半亮消光表面处理剂5-7份，消光表面处理剂4-5份，干滑手感耐磨剂0.6-0.75份，湿滑手感耐磨剂0.6-0.7份，防污剂0.6-0.8份，流平剂0.3-0.4份，交联剂0.75-0.9份，工业蒸馏水2.5-3份；
所述粘合剂层的原料包含以下重量份的组份：无溶剂粘合剂A料 95-105份 ，无溶剂粘合剂B料 100-110份，催化剂0.1份，所述无溶剂粘合剂A料为聚酯多元醇，所述无溶剂粘合剂B料为异氰酸酯；所述粘合剂层的厚度为0.28-0.35mm；
所述的一种PU-PP复合皮革的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）、按照配方重量份比例，在PU树脂中，加入DMF、醋酸乙酯、色浆，得到PU混合料，取一离型纸；搅拌均匀后，将PU混合料涂于离型纸上，涂层厚度控制在（0.15±0.01）mm，车速控制在（10±1）m/min，加热烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为70/80/100/110/125/125℃，烘干时间共计4min，得PU面层，也即得到PU单层；
（2）、再次将PU混合料涂在已烘干的面层上，涂层厚度在（0.2±0.01）mm，车速控制在（10±1）m/min，加热烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为70/80/100/110/125/125℃，烘干时间共计4min，得PU中层，也即得到了PU层；
（3）、按照配方重量份比例，添加无溶剂粘合剂A料、无溶剂粘合剂B料、催化剂，制得无溶剂PU粘合剂，将无溶剂PU粘合剂涂至PU中层的表面，涂层厚度（0.45±0.01）mm，车速控制在（10±1）m/min；步骤（3）中，将制得的无溶剂PU粘合剂层预烘烤至半干贴环境，半干贴阶梯式调温的温度依次为75/75/80/80/75/75℃；
（4）、无溶剂PU粘合剂贴合基布层，烘干，烘箱阶梯式升温，温度依次为130/130/130/135/135/135/135/135/140/140/140/140/140/140℃，烘干时间10min，然后分离离型纸，分离离型纸的一面为纹理面，卷曲，制成PU半成品；此时形成粘合剂层、基布层；
（5）、按照配方重量份比例，添加半亮消光表面处理剂、消光表面处理剂、干滑手感耐磨剂、湿滑手感耐磨剂、防污剂、流平剂、交联剂、工业蒸馏水，搅拌均匀，得到涂饰剂，用辊涂机，将涂饰剂辊涂到纹理面，车速控制在（10±2）m/min，烘干，烘干温度依次为120/125/130/130/130/125℃，烘干时间2-3min，烘干后卷曲，即得到PU皮革；
（6）、按照配方重量份比例，添加胶水A、消光粉、固化剂、溶剂、滑爽助剂、色浆，搅拌均匀，得到预处理胶水，将预处理胶水，用印刷机均匀印刷处理到指定规格的PP发泡材料上，车速控制在（12±1）m/min，烘干温度为110/120/120℃，烘干时间为2min，烘干后卷曲，完成对PP发泡材料的预处理；
（7）、按照配方重量份比例，将复合用的胶水B放到加热盘上，加热盘加热温度为(100±5)℃，出胶管道温度为(95±5)℃，出胶枪温为(95±5)℃，加热20-25min，待复合胶水可以流畅出胶时，出胶枪把胶水注入到两支复合辊之间，利用主动辊的转动将复合胶印刷到PP发泡材料的预处理面，印刷后烘干，然后与PU皮革的基布面进行复合，复合后卷曲，悬空架于架子上放置，进行湿气固化反应，静置165-180h，完成固化；检验合格后即可投放市场。
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