WO2021121013A1 - 一种利用泵柱实现低液位物料抽提功能的低温全容罐 - Google Patents

一种利用泵柱实现低液位物料抽提功能的低温全容罐 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021121013A1
WO2021121013A1 PCT/CN2020/132338 CN2020132338W WO2021121013A1 WO 2021121013 A1 WO2021121013 A1 WO 2021121013A1 CN 2020132338 W CN2020132338 W CN 2020132338W WO 2021121013 A1 WO2021121013 A1 WO 2021121013A1
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Prior art keywords
cofferdam
tank
low
liquid level
venturi mixer
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/132338
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
应捷成
鲁强
肖舒恒
殷翠琴
Original Assignee
南京扬子石油化工设计工程有限责任公司
中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司
中集安瑞科投资控股（深圳）有限公司
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Application filed by 南京扬子石油化工设计工程有限责任公司, 中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司, 中集安瑞科投资控股（深圳）有限公司 filed Critical 南京扬子石油化工设计工程有限责任公司
Priority to US17/755,181 priority Critical patent/US20220373138A1/en
Priority to EP20903467.7A priority patent/EP4080104A4/en
Publication of WO2021121013A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021121013A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/013—Single phase liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0114—Propulsion of the fluid with vacuum injectors, e.g. venturi
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F17C2250/0417—Level of content in the vessel with electrical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/061—Level of content in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature liquefied gas storage, in particular to a low-temperature full-capacity tank that uses a pump column to realize the function of extracting low-liquid-level materials.
  • Substances that are gaseous under normal temperature and pressure and can be liquefied after proper freezing can be stored safely and efficiently in low-temperature and normal-pressure storage tanks.
  • the substances that meet this characteristic include methane, ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane, butene, butane and other hydrocarbons involved in the petrochemical industry, and ammonia, which is commonly used in the chemical industry.
  • Methane is the main component of natural gas
  • propane and butane are the main components of liquefied gas. A large proportion is used as clean energy for industry and civil use.
  • LNG liquefied hydrocarbon
  • liquefied hydrocarbon Liquefied Hydrocarbon
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the petrochemical industry that uses hydrocarbons as raw materials for further deep processing
  • the number of enterprises and the scale of production are also increasing, and the demand for large cryogenic storage tanks for storing these clean energy and liquefied hydrocarbons is also increasing.
  • openings are not allowed on the wall and bottom of the existing large-scale low-temperature full-capacity storage tanks, and the pipelines connected to the storage tanks are in the top-in and top-out mode, that is, in and out from the top of the tank. Due to the large diameter and height of the storage tank, the height of the tank top space plus the height of the tank wall is far greater than the suction vacuum height of the liquid, the discharge pump can only work in a submerged mode, that is, a low-temperature submersible pump.
  • the cryogenic submersible pump requires sufficient cryogenic materials in the storage tank when it is started to ensure that the minimum liquid level is not lower than the minimum operable liquid level required by the cryogenic submersible pump.
  • the minimum operable liquid level of the cryogenic submersible pump plus a certain safety margin is usually about 1.2m, that is, the range of 1.2m from the bottom of the low-temperature full-capacity tank is usually a working "dead zone", resulting in a large ineffective working volume at the bottom of the tank (For example, the inner tank diameter of 50000m 3 cryogenic storage tank is about ⁇ 46m, and the volume of 1.2m height is about 1994m 3 ; the inner tank diameter of 80,000m 3 cryogenic storage tank is about ⁇ 59m, and the height of 1.2m is about 3280m 3 ; the inner tank diameter of 160,000m 3 cryogenic storage tank is about ⁇ 87m, 1.2m height and volume about 7134m 3 ).
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature full-capacity tank that utilizes a pump column to achieve low-liquid-level material extraction function, so as to solve the problem of too much ineffective working volume at the bottom of the low-temperature full-capacity tank in the prior art and too much residual medium that cannot be extracted.
  • a low-temperature full-capacity tank that uses a pump column to achieve the function of extracting low-liquid material, including an inner tank, an outer tank surrounding the inner tank, and penetration from the top of the outer tank
  • the pump column to the bottom of the inner tank and the submersible pump arranged in the pump column
  • the low-temperature full-capacity tank also includes a material pre-extraction device for cooperating with the pump column to extract low-level materials
  • the material pre-extraction device includes a cofferdam, a Venturi mixer, a return pipeline, a return control valve, a lead-out pipeline, and a liquid level detection system
  • the cofferdam is located at the bottom of the inner tank and surrounds the pump column
  • the outer side is welded to the bottom of the tank to form a pump pool
  • the height of the cofferdam is greater than the minimum liquid level required for the normal operation of the submersible pump
  • the Venturi mixer is installed at the bottom of the inner tank and located on
  • the Venturi mixer includes a constriction section, a throat section, and a diffusion section connected in sequence; the large end opening of the constriction section serves as an inlet and is connected to the return line; the large end opening of the diffusion section serves as an outlet, Connect the lead-out pipeline; the two ends of the throat section are respectively connected to the small end opening of the contraction section and the small end opening of the diffuser section; the suction hole is opened corresponding to the outer circumference of the throat section, and is connected with The throat section is internally communicated.
  • the Venturi mixer also includes a suction cavity which is arranged around the periphery of the throat section and communicates with the inside of the throat section; two ends of the suction cavity are respectively connected to the outer wall of the contraction section and the diffusion section The outer wall of the suction cavity is connected; the outer peripheral wall of the suction cavity is provided with the suction hole.
  • the suction hole of the Venturi mixer is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the throat section; the Venturi mixer also includes a suction pipe correspondingly arranged at the suction hole, the suction pipe and the inner tank Communicate internally.
  • the Venturi mixer is placed horizontally in the inner tank; the outlet of the Venturi mixer leads to the cofferdam.
  • the upper end of the reflux pipeline is located outside the outer tank and is connected to the pump column, and the reflux control valve is located outside the outer tank.
  • the upper peripheral wall of the pump column is respectively provided with a reflux port and a discharge port; the reflux port is connected to the reflux pipeline through the reflux control valve; the discharge port is connected with a discharge pipeline, An output control valve is provided on the discharge pipeline; the output control valve is controlled by a signal from the liquid level detection system.
  • the liquid level detection system includes, but is not limited to, a radar level gauge and/or a servo level gauge.
  • the Venturi mixer is one or multiple in parallel.
  • the present invention has at least the following advantages and positive effects:
  • the low-temperature medium in the pump column can be introduced into the venturi mixer of the material extraction device.
  • the entrainment effect of local low pressure and high-speed flow is formed in the inner tank, so that the low-temperature medium outside the cofferdam in the inner tank enters the Venturi mixer through the suction hole under the action of the pressure difference, and the mixed low-temperature medium enters the cofferdam and forms a high temperature inside the cofferdam.
  • the flow of the low-temperature medium entering the cofferdam is greater than the flow of the low-temperature medium introduced into the Venturi mixer from the pump column, and the difference is the low-temperature medium that can be pumped out by the pump column and transported to the outside.
  • the low-temperature medium outside the cofferdam is introduced into the cofferdam through the material pre-extraction device to form a local area (pump pool) with a higher liquid level, so as to maintain the normal operation of the pump column and the submersible pump.
  • the liquid level inside the cofferdam can be finally reduced to the lowest operable level of the submersible pump, and the low temperature medium outside the cofferdam located above the liquid level of the suction hole of the Venturi mixer can be pre-predicted by the material.
  • the extraction device is lifted to the inside of the cofferdam, and the liquid level outside the cofferdam can be reduced to the Venturi mixer, which is much lower than the minimum operable liquid level of the submersible pump in the prior art, which significantly reduces the low-temperature full-capacity tank
  • the invalid volume of the low-temperature full-capacity tank is improved.
  • the effective working volume of the full-contained tank can be greatly increased.
  • the wall height of the inner tank and the outer tank can be reduced, saving engineering investment.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature full-containment tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of mixing the low-temperature medium in the Venturi mixer in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure and principle of another feasible Venturi mixer in the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a low-temperature full-capacity tank for storing liquefied low-temperature media.
  • These low-temperature media can be methane, ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane, butene, butane and other hydrocarbons, or they can be commonly used in the chemical industry Ammonia etc.
  • the low-temperature full-containment tank provided by this embodiment roughly includes an inner tank for storing low-temperature media, an outer tank surrounding the periphery of the inner tank 1, and an outer tank that penetrates from the top of the outer tank 2 to the bottom of the inner tank 1.
  • Both the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2 roughly include a horizontally arranged bottom plate and a cofferdam cylinder erected on the bottom plate, and an insulating layer is provided between the bottom plates of the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2 and between the cylinders.
  • the top of the outer tank 2 has a dome and a top plate suspended below the dome, and an insulating layer is also arranged between the dome and the top plate.
  • the top plate is connected with the inner tank 1 in a soft seal.
  • the pump column 3 penetrates the top of the outer tank 2 and extends into the bottom of the inner tank 1.
  • the peripheral wall at the upper end of the pump column 3 is provided with a discharge port 31 and a return port 34 respectively.
  • a discharge pipe 32 is connected to the discharge port 31 to transport the low-temperature medium outward.
  • an output control valve 33 is provided on the discharge pipe 32 to control the on and off of the discharge pipe 32 and adjust the flow rate of the discharge pipe 32.
  • the return port 34 is used to output the low-temperature medium to the material pre-extraction device 5 to ensure the liquid level in the cofferdam 51 around the pump column 3, and the pump column 3 is used to realize the low-level material in the area outside the cofferdam in the storage tank. Extract.
  • the submersible pump 4 is installed at the bottom of the pump column 3 and is immersed in a low-temperature medium. When the liquid level at its location is above its lowest operable liquid level L1, the submersible pump 4 can pump the cryogenic medium into the pump column 3 and transport it outward through the pump column 3. According to the relevant technical parameters and engineering experience of the existing submersible pump, the lowest operable liquid level L1 of the submersible pump 4 is approximately 1.2 mm.
  • the material pre-extraction device 5 cooperates with the pump column 3 to form a local high liquid level area around the pump column 3 to ensure the operation of the pump column 3, thereby extracting low liquid level materials in other areas of the storage tank.
  • the "low level material” refers to the low temperature medium below the lowest operable liquid level L1 of the submersible pump 4.
  • the material pre-extraction device 5 mainly includes a cofferdam 51, a Venturi mixer 52, a return line 53, a lead-out line 54, a return control valve 55, and a liquid level detection system 56.
  • the cofferdam 51 has a generally hollow cylindrical structure, is erected on the bottom of the inner tank 1 and surrounds the outer side of the lower end of the pump column 3, and is connected to the bottom of the inner tank 1 to form a pump pool.
  • the bottom end of the cofferdam 51 is preferably welded and fixed to the bottom plate of the inner tank 1, and the upper end is an opening communicating with the inner space of the inner tank 1.
  • the height of the cofferdam 51 is greater than the minimum operable liquid level L1 required for the normal operation of the submersible pump 4.
  • the specific height of the cofferdam 51, as well as its cross-sectional shape and size can be designed according to the actual project.
  • the Venturi mixer 52 is installed on the bottom plate of the inner tank 1 and located outside the cofferdam 51. In this embodiment, the Venturi mixer 52 is placed horizontally on the bottom plate of the inner tank 1 so as to have a relatively low installation height.
  • the venturi mixer 52 is a liquid-liquid mixer, which mainly includes a contraction section 521, a throat section 522, and a diffusion section 523 that are connected in sequence.
  • the first Venturi mixer 52 further has a suction cavity 524.
  • Both the constriction section 521 and the diffusion section 523 are hollow structures with gradual cross-sections.
  • the large end opening of the constriction section 521 serves as the inlet 5201 of the Venturi mixer 52
  • the large end opening of the diffusion section 523 serves as the outlet 5203 of the Venturi mixer 52.
  • One end of the throat section 522 is connected to the small end opening of the contraction section 521, and the other end is aligned with the small end opening of the diffusion section 523.
  • the outlet 5203 of the Venturi mixer 52 leads to the cofferdam 51.
  • the suction cavity 524 is circumferentially arranged on the periphery of the throat section 522, and a double cavity structure is formed at the throat section 522.
  • the two ends of the suction cavity 524 are respectively connected with the outer wall of the contraction section 521 and the outer wall of the diffusion section 523.
  • the outer peripheral wall of the suction chamber 524 is provided with a plurality of suction holes 5202 which communicate with the inside of the inner tank 1 so that the low-temperature medium in the inner tank 1 can be sucked into the suction chamber 524.
  • An annular cavity is formed between the suction cavity 524 and the throat section 522, and the suction cavity 524 communicates with the inside of the throat section 522, and the low-temperature medium in the suction cavity 524 can further enter the throat section 522.
  • the return line 53 penetrates from the top of the outer tank 2 to the bottom of the inner tank 1.
  • the upper end of the return line 53 is located outside the outer tank 2 and is connected to the return port 34 of the pump column 3 through the return control valve 55, and the lower end of the return line 53 is connected to the inlet 5201 of the Venturi mixer 52.
  • the return line 53 connects the inside of the pump column 3 to the Venturi mixer 52, so that the low-temperature medium in the pump column 3 can be returned to the Venturi mixer 52 for pre-extraction.
  • the backflow control valve 55 is located outside the outer tank 2.
  • the reflux control valve 55 is used to control the on and off of the reflux pipeline 53 and can adjust the flow of the low-temperature medium refluxed from the pump column 3 into the reflux pipeline 53.
  • the lead-out pipeline 54 is located inside the inner tank 1, one end of which is connected to the outlet 5203 of the Venturi mixer 52, and the other end is communicated with the inside of the cofferdam 51 to lead the low temperature medium in the Venturi mixer 52 to the cofferdam 51.
  • the lead-out pipeline 54 may be connected from the peripheral wall of the cofferdam 51 to the inside of the cofferdam 51, or may be connected from the upper end of the cofferdam 51 to the inside of the cofferdam 51.
  • the outlet 5203 of the Venturi mixer 52 faces the cofferdam 51, and the length of the lead-out pipeline 54 can also be shortened, thereby reducing the flow resistance.
  • the liquid level detection system 56 is provided corresponding to the cofferdam 51 to detect the liquid level in the cofferdam 51.
  • the liquid level detection system 56 can be in the form of a radar level gauge, a servo level gauge, and the like.
  • the liquid level detection system 56 is electrically connected to the reflux control valve 55 and the output control valve 33 to control the opening, closing and opening of the reflux control valve 55 and the output control valve 33 through the detected liquid level signal, thereby adjusting the reflux flow and output flow .
  • the above-mentioned cofferdam 51, Venturi mixer 52, return pipeline 53, extraction pipeline 54, return control valve 55, etc., are required to be able to withstand the temperature of the extracted low-temperature medium, and are made of low-temperature materials that can withstand the corresponding temperature. .
  • the submersible pump 4 can work normally and pump the cryogenic medium in In the pump column 3.
  • the output control valve 33 of the pump column 3 is opened, and the low-temperature medium is output outward through the discharge port 31 and the discharge pipeline 32.
  • the liquid level of the inner tank 1 continuously decreases, and the liquid level inside and outside the cofferdam 51 decreases simultaneously.
  • the reflux control valve 55 of the material pre-extraction device 5 cuts off the return line 53, and the low-temperature medium in the pump column 3 cannot enter the Venturi mixer 52 through the return port 34 and the return line 53.
  • the material pre-extraction device 5 Not working.
  • the preset liquid level L3 is greater than the lowest operable liquid level L1 of the submersible pump 4, which can be reasonably set according to the flow rate of the submersible pump 4, the suction efficiency of the Venturi mixer 52 and other parameters. If the height of the cofferdam 51 is appropriate, the preset liquid level L3 can also be set as the height of the cofferdam 51.
  • FIG 2 illustrates the principle of mixing the low-temperature medium in the Venturi mixer 52.
  • the low-temperature medium entering the Venturi mixer 52 through the return line 53 is the initial low-temperature medium F0.
  • Bernoulli conservation of energy
  • momentum transfer conservation of momentum
  • the flow rate increases, and the pressure decreases, so that local low pressure and high-speed flow entrainment effects are formed at the throat section 522, so that the low-temperature medium Fi in the inner tank 1 enters the venturi mixer 52 through the suction hole 5202 under the action of the pressure difference, and is sucked These low-temperature medium Fi are mixed with the initial low-temperature medium F0.
  • the mixed low-temperature medium Fm in the diffusion section 523 increases the flow cross-sectional area, reduces the flow rate, and increases the pressure, and then enters the cofferdam 51 through the lead-out pipeline 54.
  • the throat section 522 of the Venturi mixer 52 is also provided with a suction cavity 524.
  • the low-temperature medium in the inner tank 1 is first sucked into the suction cavity 524, and then enters the throat section 522 for mixing.
  • the momentum of the initial low-temperature medium F0 is more effectively used, so that the mixed low-temperature medium can be output to the cofferdam 51 more smoothly.
  • the flow rate of the low-temperature medium Fm reaching the cofferdam 51 is greater than the flow rate of the initial low-temperature medium F0 that initially enters the Venturi mixer 52 from the pump column 3, and the extra part is extracted from the outside of the cofferdam 51 in the inner tank 1.
  • the liquid level inside the cofferdam 51 can be raised, so as to maintain the liquid level around the pump column 3 higher than the minimum operable liquid level L1 required for the normal operation of the submersible pump 4, Ensure the normal operation of the submersible pump 4.
  • the backflow control valve 55 and the output control valve 33 can be controlled to adjust the reflux and output of the cryogenic medium in the pump column 3, so as to maintain the cofferdam 51
  • the height of the liquid level is greater than the minimum operable liquid level L1 required by the submersible pump 4 to achieve continuous and normal operation of the submersible pump 4.
  • the conventional low-temperature full-capacity tank itself will be equipped with a status monitoring system to monitor the temperature, liquid level, pressure and other parameters of the low-temperature full-capacity tank.
  • a status monitoring system to monitor the temperature, liquid level, pressure and other parameters of the low-temperature full-capacity tank.
  • the low-temperature full-containment tank itself is equipped with a condition monitoring system that can monitor the liquid level of the cofferdam 51 or can control the backflow control valve 55 and the output control valve 33 by other means At this time, these systems or means can be used as the liquid level detection system 56 of this embodiment.
  • a Venturi mixer 52a of another structure can be used in the material pre-extraction device 5.
  • the Venturi mixer 52a is not equipped with a suction cavity 524, but a plurality of suction holes 5202a are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the throat section 522a, and a suction pipe 525a is also provided at each suction hole 5202a. .
  • the initial low-temperature medium F0 When the initial low-temperature medium F0 is introduced into the contraction section 521 of the Venturi mixer 52a, under the action of the pressure difference, the low-temperature medium Fi in the inner tank 1 can be guided into the throat section 522a through the suction pipe 525a, and the initial low-temperature medium Fi After mixing, the mixed low-temperature medium Fm is then led out into the cofferdam 51.
  • the suction pipe 525a can also be removed, and the low-temperature medium Fi in the inner tank 1 is directly sucked through the suction hole 5202a of the outer peripheral wall of the throat section 522a.
  • a suction pipe may be additionally provided at the suction hole 5202 of the suction chamber 524.
  • Venturi mixer 52 only one Venturi mixer 52 is exemplarily described.
  • a plurality of Venturi mixers 52 can also be operated in parallel.
  • the reflux port 34 of the pump column 3 can be opened correspondingly, so that each venturi mixer 52 is connected through a return line 53, or only one return port 34 can be provided, and then a number of return lines 53 can be provided.
  • Each branch is connected to each Venturi mixer 52 respectively.
  • the outlets 5203 of the multiple venturi mixers 52 are all connected to the inside of the cofferdam 51 to speed up the supply of low-temperature medium into the cofferdam 51.
  • the material pre-extraction device 5 can introduce the low-temperature medium outside the cofferdam 51 into the cofferdam 51 Inside, a local area with a higher liquid level is formed to maintain the normal operation of the submersible pump 4 in the pump column 3.
  • the liquid level inside the cofferdam 51 can be finally reduced to the lowest operable liquid level L1 of the submersible pump 4, and the low temperature medium outside the cofferdam 51 located above the liquid level of the suction hole 5202 of the Venturi mixer 52 is uniform.
  • the material pre-extraction device 5 can be extracted to the inside of the cofferdam 51, and the liquid level outside the cofferdam 51 can be reduced to the Venturi mixer 52, and the liquid level at this time is at L2.
  • the L2 can be approximately 0.2m to 0.3m, which is about 1m lower than the 1.2m of L1.
  • the diameter of the cofferdam 51 can be roughly designed to be about 3m to 5m, and it is only about one-tenth of the diameter of the inner tank 1 at most.
  • the liquid level at about 99% or more of the low-temperature full-capacity tank can be reduced by about 1m, which significantly reduces the ineffective volume of the low-temperature full-capacity tank , Improve the volume utilization rate of the low-temperature full-capacity tank.
  • the effective working volume of the full-contained tank can be greatly increased.
  • the height of the tank wall of the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 2 can be reduced, saving engineering investment.
  • the mature and reliable pump column 3 is used, and only the relevant facilities of the material pre-extraction device 5 are added, which can greatly reduce the lower limit of the operable liquid level in the low-temperature full-capacity tank.
  • the investment is not large but the benefits are significant. It has high practical application value.
  • the Venturi mixer 52, the cofferdam 51 and the corresponding pipelines located inside the inner tank 1 can realize maintenance-free operation throughout the life of the storage tank.

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Abstract

一种利用泵柱实现低液位物料抽提功能的低温全容罐，包括内罐（1）、外罐（2）、泵柱（3）、潜液泵（4）和物料预抽提装置（5）；物料预抽提装置（5）包括围堰（51）、文丘里混合器（52）、回流管路（53）、回流控制阀（55）、引出管路（54）和液位检测系统（56）；围堰（51）设于内罐（1）的底部，环绕在泵柱（3）的外侧；围堰（51）的高度大于潜液泵（4）正常工作所需的最低液位；文丘里混合器（52）安装于内罐（1）的底部并位于围堰（51）的外部，其外周设有吸入孔（5202）；回流管路（53）连通泵柱（3）上部至文丘里混合器（52）的进口；回流控制阀（55）设置于回流管路（53）上；引出管路（54）连通文丘里混合器（52）的出口（5203）至围堰（51）内部。采用该低温全容罐可利用从泵柱（3）回流的低温介质，将围堰（51）外低液位物料抽提至围堰（51）内，形成局部高液位，维持潜液泵（4）的正常工作，从而降低罐内操作液位下限，提高容积利用率。

Description

一种利用泵柱实现低液位物料抽提功能的低温全容罐 技术领域
本发明涉及低温液化气体存储技术领域，特别涉及一种利用泵柱实现低液位物料抽提功能的低温全容罐。
背景技术
常温常压下呈气态、适当冷冻后可以液化的物质均可采用低温常压储罐来安全高效地储存。符合这一特性的物质有石油化工行业所涉及的甲烷、乙烯、乙烷、丙烯、丙烷、丁烯、丁烷等烃类，有化工行业常用的氨。甲烷作为天然气的主要成分、丙烷和丁烷作为液化气的主要成分，相当大的比例是作为工业和民用清洁能源使用。随着世界对环保问题重视程度的增加，液化烃(Liquefied Hydrocarbon)和液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,以下简称LNG)等清洁能源的消耗正不断增加，另外，以烃类为原料进一步深加工的石油化工企业的数量和生产规模也在增加，用于储存这些清洁能源和液化烃类的大型低温储罐的需求也随之上升。
基于安全方面的考虑，现有大型低温全容储罐罐壁和罐底均不允许开孔，与储罐连接的管线均采用上进上出方式，即从罐顶进出。由于储罐直径、高度较大，罐顶空间高度加上罐壁高度已经远远大于液体的吸上真空高度，出料泵只能采取液下方式工作，即采用低温潜液泵。
低温潜液泵在启动时要求储罐内有足够的低温物料，保证最低液位不得低于低温潜液泵所需的最低可操作液位高度。目前低温潜液泵的最低可操作液位加上一定的安全裕量后通常为1.2m左右，即低温全容罐底部1.2m范围内通常为工作“死区”，导致罐底无效工作容积很大(例如，50000m 3低温储罐内罐直径约Ф46m，1.2m高度体积约1994m 3；80000m 3低温储罐内罐直径约Ф59m，1.2m高度体积约3280m 3；160000m 3低温储罐内罐直径约Ф87m，1.2m高度体积约7134m 3)。
罐底无效工作容积的物料是无法通过低温潜液泵排出罐外的，若储罐需要停机检修，这些底部物料只能靠汽化排出，能量消耗很大，周期也很长。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用泵柱实现低液位物料抽提功能的低温全容罐，以解决现有技术中低温全容罐底部无效工作容积太大、无法抽出的残存介质太多的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种利用泵柱实现低液位物料抽提功能的低温全容罐，包括内罐、包围于内罐外围的外罐、从外罐顶部穿入至内罐底部的泵柱和设置于泵柱内的潜液泵；所述低温全容罐还包括用于与所述泵柱相配合而抽提低液位物料的物料预抽提装置；所述物料预抽提装置包括围堰、文丘里混合器、回流管路、回流控制阀、引出管路和液位检测系统；围堰设于所述内罐的底部，并环绕在所述泵柱的外侧， 与罐底相焊形成泵池；所述围堰的高度大于所述潜液泵正常工作所需的最低液位；文丘里混合器安装于所述内罐的底部并位于所述围堰的外部，其两端分别为进口和出口，其外周设有吸入孔；所述吸入孔与所述内罐内部相通；回流管路连通所述泵柱上部至所述文丘里混合器的进口；回流控制阀设置于所述回流管路上，以控制所述回流管路的通断及回流量大小；引出管路连通所述文丘里混合器的出口至所述围堰内部；液位检测系统用于检测所述围堰内的液位，其信号用于调节所述回流控制阀，从而保证围堰内的液位不低于所述潜液泵正常工作所需的最低液位。
其中，所述文丘里混合器包括依次连接的收缩段、喉管段和扩散段；所述收缩段的大端开口作为进口，连接所述回流管路；所述扩散段的大端开口作为出口，连接所述引出管路；所述喉管段的两端分别连接所述收缩段的小端开口和所述扩散段的小端开口；所述吸入孔对应于所述喉管段的外周开设，并与所述喉管段内部相通。
其中，所述文丘里混合器还包括环设于所述喉管段外围并与所述喉管段内部相通的吸入腔；所述吸入腔的两端分别与所述收缩段的外壁和所述扩散段的外壁相接；所述吸入腔的外周壁开设所述吸入孔。
其中，所述文丘里混合器的吸入孔开设于所述喉管段的外周壁；所述文丘里混合器还包括对应设置于所述吸入孔处的吸入管，所述吸入管与所述内罐内部相通。
其中，所述文丘里混合器在所述内罐中水平地放置；所述文丘里混合器的出口通向所述围堰。
其中，所述回流管路的上端位于所述外罐的外部与所述泵柱连接，所述回流控制阀位于所述外罐的外部。
其中，所述泵柱的上端周壁分别开设有回流口和出料口；所述回流口通过所述回流控制阀与所述回流管路连接；所述出料口处连接有出料管路，所述出料管路上设置有输出控制阀；所述输出控制阀由所述液位检测系统的信号控制。
其中，所述液位检测系统包括但不限于雷达液位计和/或伺服液位计。
其中，所述文丘里混合器为一个或相并联的多个。
由上述技术方案可知，本发明至少具有如下优点和积极效果：本发明的低温全容罐中，可通过将泵柱中的低温介质引入物料抽提装置的文丘里混合器中，在文丘里混合器中形成局部低压和高速流动夹带效应，使得内罐中围堰外部的低温介质在压力差作用下经吸入孔进入文丘里混合器，混合后的低温介质进入围堰内部，在围堰内形成高于潜液泵正常工作所需的最低液位。进入围堰内部的低温介质流量大于从泵柱中引入文丘里混合器的低温介质流量，差值部分即为泵柱能够抽提出来并向外部输送的低温介质。
通过物料预抽提装置将围堰外部的低温介质引入围堰内部，可以形成具有较高液位的局部区域(泵池)，从而维持泵柱及潜液泵的正常工作。根据该技术方案，围堰内部的液位可最终降低至潜液泵的最低可操作液位，而围堰外部位于文丘里混合器的吸入孔所在液位上方的低温介质均可被该物料预抽提装置抽提到围堰内部，围堰外部的液位可降低至 文丘里混合器处，大大低于现有技术中潜液泵的最低可操作液位，显著减小了该低温全容罐的无效容积，提高低温全容罐的容积利用率。在罐体尺寸相同的情况，可以大大增加全容罐的有效工作容积。在有效工作容积一定的情况下，可降低内罐和外罐的罐壁高度，节省工程投资。
在该低温全容罐中，利用成熟可靠的泵柱，只增加物料预抽提装置的相关设施，即可将低温全容罐中可操作液位的下限大大降低，投资不大但效益显著，具有很高的实际应用价值。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例低温全容罐的结构示意图。
图2是图1中低温介质在文丘里混合器中混合的原理示意图。
图3是本发明中另一种可行的文丘里混合器的结构及原理示意图。
附图标记说明如下：1、内罐；2、外罐；3、泵柱；31、出料口；32、出料管路；33、输出控制阀；34、回流口；4、潜液泵；5、物料预抽提装置；51、围堰；52/52a、文丘里混合器；521、收缩段；522/522a、喉管段；523、扩散段；524、吸入腔；525a、吸入管；5201、进口；5202/5202a、吸入孔；5203、出口；53、回流管路；54、引出管路；55、回流控制阀；56、液位检测系统。
具体实施方式
体现本发明特征与优点的典型实施方式将在以下的说明中详细叙述。应理解的是本发明能够在不同的实施方式上具有各种的变化，其皆不脱离本发明的范围，且其中的说明及图示在本质上是当作说明之用，而非用以限制本发明。
本发明提供一种低温全容罐，用于储存液化后的低温介质，这些低温介质可以是甲烷、乙烯、乙烷、丙烯、丙烷、丁烯、丁烷等烃类，也可以是化工行业常用的氨等。
参阅图1，本实施例所提供的低温全容罐大致地包括用于储存低温介质的内罐1、包围于内罐1外围的外罐2、从外罐2顶部穿入至内罐1底部的泵柱3、设置于泵柱3内的潜液泵4，以及用于从内罐1底部抽提低液位物料的物料预抽提装置5。
内罐1和外罐2大致地均包括水平布置的底板和立设于底板上的围堰筒体，内罐1和外罐2的底板之间以及筒体之间均设置绝热层。外罐2的顶部具有拱顶和吊设于拱顶下方的顶板，拱顶与顶板之间也设置绝热层。顶板与内罐1软密封连接。关于内罐1和外罐2的其他具体结构可参照全容罐相关技术的结构，此处不再详述。
泵柱3穿过外罐2的顶部伸入内罐1的底部。泵柱3上端的周壁分别开设有出料口31和回流口34。其中，出料口31处连接有出料管路32，以向外输送低温介质。本实施例中，出料管路32上设置有输出控制阀33，以控制出料管路32的通断以及调节出料管路32的流量。回流口34用于输出低温介质至物料预抽提装置5，以保证泵柱3周围的围堰51内的液位，利用泵柱3实现对储罐内围堰以外区域的低液位物料的抽提。
潜液泵4安装于泵柱3的底部，浸入于低温介质中。当其所在位置的液位在其最低可操作液位L1之上时，潜液泵4可将低温介质泵入泵柱3内，通过泵柱3向外输送。依据现有的潜液泵的相关技术参数以及工程经验，潜液泵4的最低可操作液位L1大致在1.2mm左右。
物料预抽提装置5与泵柱3相配合，在泵柱3周围形成局部的高液位区域，保证泵柱3的运行，从而对储罐内其他区域的低液位物料进行抽提，其中，该“低液位物料”指潜液泵4的最低可操作液位L1之下的低温介质。
本实施例中，该物料预抽提装置5主要包括围堰51、文丘里混合器52、回流管路53、引出管路54、回流控制阀55和液位检测系统56。
围堰51大致呈中空的筒状结构，立设于内罐1的底部，并环绕在泵柱3下端的外侧，与内罐1的底部相连接形成泵池。围堰51的底端较佳是与内罐1的底板焊接固定，而其上端则为与内罐1内部空间相通的开口。围堰51的高度大于潜液泵4正常工作所需的最低可操作液位L1。围堰51的具体高度，以及其截面形状、尺寸可以根据实际工程进行设计。
文丘里混合器52安装于内罐1的底板上，并位于围堰51的外部。本实施例中，文丘里混合器52水平地放置于内罐1的底板上，从而具有较低的安装高度。
文丘里混合器52为液液混合器，其主要包括依次连接的收缩段521、喉管段522和扩散段523。本实施例中，该第一文丘里混合器52进一步地还具有吸入腔524。
收缩段521和扩散段523均为截面渐变的中空结构，收缩段521的大端开口作为该文丘里混合器52的进口5201，扩散段523的大端开口作为该文丘里混合器52的出口5203。喉管段522的一端连接收缩段521的小端开口，另一端对准扩散段523的小端开口。文丘里混合器52的出口5203通向围堰51。
吸入腔524环绕地设置在喉管段522的外围，在喉管段522处形成双腔结构。吸入腔524的两端分别与收缩段521的外壁和扩散段523的外壁相接。吸入腔524的外周壁开设有多个吸入孔5202，这些吸入孔5202与内罐1的内部相通，以使内罐1中的低温介质能够被吸入该吸入腔524内。吸入腔524与喉管段522之间形成一环形腔，吸入腔524与喉管段522内部相通，吸入腔524内的低温介质可进一步进入喉管段522中。
回流管路53从外罐2的顶部穿入至内罐1的底部。回流管路53的上端位于外罐2的外部并通过回流控制阀55连接泵柱3的回流口34，回流管路53的下端连接文丘里混合器52的进口5201。该回流管路53连通了泵柱3内部至文丘里混合器52，从而使得泵柱3内的低温介质可回流至文丘里混合器52中，以进行预抽提操作。
回流控制阀55位于外罐2的外部。该回流控制阀55用于控制回流管路53的通断，并可调节由泵柱3向回流管路53中回流的低温介质流量。
引出管路54位于内罐1的内部，其一端连接文丘里混合器52的出口5203，另一端与围堰51内部连通，以将文丘里混合器52中的低温介质引出至围堰51内。引出管路54 可以是从围堰51的周壁处连通围堰51内部，也可以从围堰51的上端连通至围堰51内部。本实施例中，文丘里混合器52的出口5203朝向围堰51，还可以缩短引出管路54的长度，从而降低流动阻力。
液位检测系统56对应于围堰51设置，以检测围堰51内的液位。该液位检测系统56可采用雷达液位计、伺服液位计等形式。液位检测系统56电连接回流控制阀55和输出控制阀33，以通过所检测到的液位信号控制回流控制阀55和输出控制阀33的开闭及开度，从而调节回流流量与输出流量。
上述围堰51、文丘里混合器52、回流管路53、引出管路54、回流控制阀55等均要求能够耐受所抽提的低温介质的温度，采用能耐受相应温度的低温材料制造。
该低温全容罐的工作原理大致如下：
1、当内罐1内的液位大于围堰51的高度时，因围堰51的高度大于潜液泵4的最低可操作液位L1，潜液泵4可正常工作，将低温介质泵入泵柱3内。泵柱3的输出控制阀33打开，经出料口31和出料管路32向外输出低温介质。向外输出低温介质的过程中，内罐1的液位不断下降，且围堰51内外的液位同步下降。
此时，物料预抽提装置5的回流控制阀55截止回流管路53，泵柱3内的低温介质不能经回流口34和回流管路53进入文丘里混合器52，物料预抽提装置5不工作。
2、当内罐1内的液位降至围堰51的高度后，潜液泵4继续工作，将围堰51内的低温介质向外泵出。此时，仅围堰51内的液位下降，围堰51外的液位维持在围堰51高度处。
3、当潜液泵4继续工作而围堰51内的液位降至一预设液位L3时，开启物料预抽提装置5的回流控制阀55，使回流管路53导通，泵柱3内的低温介质经回流口34进入回流管路53，再被引入文丘里混合器52中产生抽吸作用，将内罐1中位于围堰51外部的低温介质吸入文丘里混合器52中，混合后的低温介质再被引出管路54从文丘里混合器52引出至围堰51内部，从而提升围堰51内部的液位，以维持潜液泵4的工作。
其中，该预设液位L3大于潜液泵4的最低可操作液位L1，其可根据潜液泵4的流量、文丘里混合器52的吸入效率等参数进行合理的设定。如果围堰51的高度合适，该预设液位L3还可以设定为围堰51的高度。
图2示意了低温介质在文丘里混合器52中混合的原理，经回流管路53进入文丘里混合器52中的低温介质为初始低温介质F0。根据伯努利(能量守恒)原理和动量传递原理(动量守恒)，初始低温介质F0进入文丘里混合器52后，在从收缩段521向喉管段522流动的过程中，因流通截面积减小，流速增加，压力降低，从而喉管段522处形成局部低压和高速流动夹带效应，使得内罐1中的低温介质Fi在压力差作用下经吸入孔5202进入文丘里混合器52中，被吸入的这些低温介质Fi与初始低温介质F0相混合，混合后的低温介质Fm在扩散段523因流通截面积增加，流速降低，压力提高，而后经引出管路54进入围堰51内部。其中，本实施例中，文丘里混合器52的喉管段522外围还设置有吸入 腔524，内罐1中的低温介质先被吸入到吸入腔524中，再进入喉管段522中进行混合，可以更有效地利用初始低温介质F0的动量，使得混合后的低温介质更顺畅地输出至围堰51内。
到达围堰51的低温介质Fm的流量大于初始从泵柱3中进入文丘里混合器52的初始低温介质F0的流量，多出的部分即为从内罐1中围堰51外部抽提出来的低温介质。经过该物料预抽提装置5的不断抽提，可以提升围堰51内部的液位，从而维持泵柱3周围的液位高于潜液泵4正常工作所需的最低可操作液位L1，保证潜液泵4的正常工作。
从潜液泵4泵入泵柱3内的低温介质到达泵柱3上端后，只需一部分从回流口34回流维持预抽提操作，以保持围堰51内的局部高液位，满足潜液泵4连续工作的需求，其余部分仍可从出料口31向外输出。
根据液位检测系统56所检测到的围堰51内的液位，可以控制回流控制阀55和输出控制阀33，调节泵柱3中低温介质的回流量和输出量，从而保持围堰51内液位高度大于潜液泵4所需的最低可操作液位L1，实现潜液泵4的连续正常运转。
需要说明的是，常规的低温全容罐本身会配置有状态监控系统，实现对低温全容罐的温度、液位、压力等参数的监控。在其他一些未示出的实施例中，如果低温全容罐本身配备的状态监控系统可以实现对围堰51液位的监控或者可以通过其他一些手段实现对回流控制阀55和输出控制阀33的控制时，这些系统或手段可以作为本实施例的液位检测系统56来使用。
参阅图3，在另一实施例中，物料预抽提装置5中可采用另一种结构形式的文丘里混合器52a。在图3所示的结构中，该文丘里混合器52a不配备吸入腔524，而是在喉管段522a的外周壁开设多个吸入孔5202a，对应在各吸入孔5202a处还设置有吸入管525a。当初始低温介质F0被引入文丘里混合器52a的收缩段521后，在压力差作用下，内罐1中的低温介质Fi可以经吸入管525a的引导进入喉管段522a中，与初始低温介质Fi混合，混合后的低温介质Fm再引出至围堰51内。
在其他一些未示出的实施例中，吸入管525a也可以去除，内罐1中的低温介质Fi直接经喉管段522a外周壁的吸入孔5202a被吸入。另外，对于上述图1和图2所示的文丘里混合器52的结构，也可以在吸入腔524的吸入孔5202处增设吸入管。
上述实施例中，仅以配备一个文丘里混合器52示例性地进行了说明。在其他一些未示出的实施例中，如果泵柱3的额定流量较大，还可以采用多个文丘里混合器52并联操作。其中，泵柱3的回流口34可以对应开设多个，从而各通过一回流管路53连接各文丘里混合器52，也可以是仅开设一个回流口34，再从回流管路53上设置多个分支分别连接各文丘里混合器52。多个文丘里混合器52的出口5203均连通至围堰51内部，加快向围堰51内提供低温介质。
基于上述的介绍，本实施例的低温全容罐中，在内罐1中的液位低于围堰51高度后，通过物料预抽提装置5可以将围堰51外部的低温介质引入围堰51内部，形成具有较高液 位的局部区域，维持泵柱3中潜液泵4的正常工作。通过该方案，围堰51内部的液位可最终降低至潜液泵4的最低可操作液位L1，而围堰51外部位于文丘里混合器52的吸入孔5202所在液位上方的低温介质均可被该物料预抽提装置5抽提到围堰51内部，围堰51外部的液位可降低至文丘里混合器52处，此时的液位位于L2处。该L2大致可在0.2m～0.3m左右，相比于L1的1.2m降低了1m左右。围堰51的口径大致地可设计为3m～5m左右，其最多也仅为内罐1直径的大约十分之一。综合来看，通过该物料预抽提装置5与泵柱3的配合，可将低温全容罐中约99％以上的区域处的液位降低1m左右，显著减小了该低温全容罐的无效容积，提高低温全容罐的容积利用率。在罐体尺寸相同的情况，可以大大增加全容罐的有效工作容积。在有效工作容积一定的情况下，可降低内罐1和外罐2的罐壁高度，节省工程投资。
在该低温全容罐中，利用成熟可靠的泵柱3，只增加物料预抽提装置5的相关设施，即可将低温全容罐中可操作液位的下限大大降低，投资不大但效益显著，具有很高的实际应用价值。另外，位于内罐1内部的文丘里混合器52、围堰51和相应管路可以实现储罐寿命全周期免维护运行。
虽然已参照几个典型实施方式描述了本发明，但应当理解，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于本发明能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离发明的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施方式不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种利用泵柱实现低液位物料抽提功能的低温全容罐，包括内罐、包围于内罐外围的外罐、从外罐顶部穿入至内罐底部的泵柱和设置于泵柱内的潜液泵；其特征在于，所述低温全容罐还包括用于与所述泵柱相配合而抽提低液位物料的物料预抽提装置；所述物料预抽提装置包括：
    围堰，设于所述内罐的底部，并环绕在所述泵柱的外侧，与罐底相焊形成泵池；所述围堰的高度大于所述潜液泵正常工作所需的最低液位；
    文丘里混合器，安装于所述内罐的底部并位于所述围堰的外部，其两端分别为进口和出口，其外周设有吸入孔；所述吸入孔与所述内罐内部相通；
    回流管路，连通所述泵柱上部至所述文丘里混合器的进口；
    回流控制阀，设置于所述回流管路上，以控制所述回流管路的通断和回流量；
    引出管路，连通所述文丘里混合器的出口至所述围堰内部；
    液位检测系统，用于检测所述围堰内的液位，其信号用于调节所述回流控制阀，从而保证围堰内的液位不低于所述潜液泵正常工作所需的最低液位。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的低温全容罐，其特征在于，所述文丘里混合器包括依次连接的收缩段、喉管段和扩散段；所述收缩段的大端开口作为进口，连接所述回流管路；所述扩散段的大端开口作为出口，连接所述引出管路；所述喉管段的两端分别连接所述收缩段的小端开口和所述扩散段的小端开口；所述吸入孔对应于所述喉管段的外周开设，并与所述喉管段内部相通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的低温全容罐，其特征在于，所述文丘里混合器还包括环设于所述喉管段外围并与所述喉管段内部相通的吸入腔；所述吸入腔的两端分别与所述收缩段的外壁和所述扩散段的外壁相接；所述吸入腔的外周壁开设所述吸入孔。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的低温全容罐，其特征在于，所述文丘里混合器的吸入孔开设于所述喉管段的外周壁；
    所述文丘里混合器还包括对应设置于所述吸入孔处的吸入管，所述吸入管与所述内罐内部相通。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的低温全容罐，其特征在于，所述文丘里混合器在所述内罐中水平地放置；所述文丘里混合器的出口通向所述围堰。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的低温全容罐，其特征在于，所述回流管路的上端位于所述外罐的外部与所述泵柱连接，所述回流控制阀位于所述外罐的外部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的低温全容罐，其特征在于，所述泵柱的上端周壁分别开设有回流口和出料口；所述回流口通过所述回流控制阀与所述回流管路连接；所述出料口处连接有出料管路，所述出料管路上设置有输出控制阀；所述输出控制阀由所述液位检测系统的信号控制。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的低温全容罐，其特征在于，所述液位检测系统包括雷达液 位计和/或伺服液位计。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的低温全容罐，其特征在于，所述文丘里混合器为一个或相并联的多个。
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