WO2021120446A1 - 一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布 - Google Patents

一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021120446A1
WO2021120446A1 PCT/CN2020/082969 CN2020082969W WO2021120446A1 WO 2021120446 A1 WO2021120446 A1 WO 2021120446A1 CN 2020082969 W CN2020082969 W CN 2020082969W WO 2021120446 A1 WO2021120446 A1 WO 2021120446A1
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Prior art keywords
chitin
modified
woven fabric
add
spunbond
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PCT/CN2020/082969
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄效华
刘彦明
黄效谦
Original Assignee
中科纺织研究院（青岛）有限公司
百事基材料（青岛）股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021120446A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021120446A1/zh

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
    • C08B37/0024—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. paramylon, coriolan, sclerotan, pachyman, callose, scleroglucan, schizophyllan, laminaran, lentinan or curdlan; (beta-1,6)-D-Glucans, e.g. pustulan; (beta-1,4)-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. lichenan; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0027—2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucans; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/003—Chitin, i.e. 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-(beta-1,4)-D-glucan or N-acetyl-beta-1,4-D-glucosamine; Chitosan, i.e. deacetylated product of chitin or (beta-1,4)-D-glucosamine; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
    • C08J3/203—Solid polymers with solid and/or liquid additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08L23/12—Polypropene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
    • D01F6/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins from polypropylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/12—Applications used for fibers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/06—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features having improved processability or containing aids for moulding methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of spunbond nonwoven fabrics, in particular to a chitin modified pp spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
  • Chitin is a non-toxic and odorless white or off-white translucent solid. It is difficult to dissolve in water, dilute acid, dilute alkali and general organic solvents, which limits its application and development. Later, people discovered in research and exploration that the acetyl group of chitin after concentrated alkali treatment becomes soluble chitin, also known as chitosan or chitosan, and its chemical name is (1,4)-2-amino -2-Deoxy- ⁇ -D-glucose, or polyamino glucose for short. This chitosan has a large number of amino groups in its macromolecular structure, which greatly improves the solubility and chemical activity of chitin, so it has a wide range of applications in medical, nutrition and health care.
  • Soluble chitin can be used as an antiseptic and deodorant for textiles in industry. It can be attached to textile fibers through post-treatment. It is one of the ways to increase the added value of textiles. It is used to make underwear, socks, and household special functional textiles. Surgical gown/cloth, wound dressing, burn wound dressing or deep-processed artificial skin for the treatment of large-area burns. Because soluble chitin (chitosan) is a cationic natural polymer, it has a good control of microorganisms/bacteria/mold The role of.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric to solve the technical problems that chitin PP fibers are prone to mildew and fiber adhesion due to the easy decomposition of soluble chitin.
  • a chitin-modified PP spunbond non-woven fabric is characterized in that: the PP spunbond non-woven fabric contains 0.2-1.5% of chitin.
  • the mildew grade of the chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric is ⁇ 1, and the antibacterial rate is ⁇ 99.5%;
  • the chitin in the chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric is modified by soluble chitin (chitosan): the preparation raw material of the chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric also includes polypropylene , Polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone and antioxidants;
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125 or antioxidant 2013;
  • the modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide; the main function of the modifier is to prevent soluble chitin from swelling during the ultrasonic process due to the acceleration of the reaction during the ultrasonic process.
  • the gel produced by excessive swelling prevents the decomposition of chitosan after high temperature, removes the standing step, reduces the swelling time, greatly reduces the modification time of chitosan by 3-5 times, and improves the production efficiency; Reduce, improve the stability of soluble chitin, prevent decomposition after heating, and prevent mildew and fiber adhesion on the fiber surface after long-term use.
  • the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10-15:1-3:2-4:1-2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1-2:3-5:2-3.
  • the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000.
  • the molecular weight of the preferred polyethylene glycol species is moderate, which can increase the tensile strength of the chitosan-modified pp spunbond nonwoven fabric by 10 ⁇ 15%.
  • the polyvinylpyrrolidone is polyvinylpyrrolidone K30, and the preferred polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 has low viscosity and better smoothness of the non-woven fabric.
  • the present invention also includes a preparation method of chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric, which includes the following steps:
  • step 2 The mixture obtained in step 1 is pressed into the spinning box, and the fiber web is obtained by spinning and pulling, and the obtained fiber web is hot-rolled into a cloth on a hot rolling machine to obtain a chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric.
  • step 2 the temperature of the roll of the fiber web on the hot rolling mill is 140-150°C.
  • the working pressure of pressing the melt into the spinning box in step 2 is 2-5 MPa.
  • the present invention also includes the use of a chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric for disposable medical and sanitary products, such as sanitary napkins for women, baby diapers, wet facial towels, and breast pads.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the mildew grade of pp spunbonded non-woven fabric prepared by the present invention is ⁇ 1.
  • the prepared PP spunbond non-woven fabric has excellent antibacterial properties, and the comprehensive antibacterial rate is above 99.5%.
  • a chitin modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric which is composed of the following raw materials: 95kg of polypropylene, 0.22kg of modified chitin, 1.1kg of polyethylene glycol, 0.3kg of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.3kg of antioxidant;
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125;
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • a chitin modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric composed of the following raw materials: polypropylene 100kg, modified chitin 1kg, polyethylene glycol 60005kg, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.1kg and antioxidant 0.6kg;
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 2013;
  • the modified chitin is prepared according to the following steps:
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • a chitin modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric composed of the following raw materials: 94kg of polypropylene, 1.2kg of modified chitin, 4kg of polyethylene glycol, 0.15kg of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.4kg of antioxidant;
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125;
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • a chitin modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric which is composed of the following raw materials: 95kg of polypropylene, 1.5kg of modified chitin, 40003kg of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone K300.2kg and 0.5kg of antioxidant;
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125;
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • a chitin modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric composed of the following raw materials: 95kg of polypropylene, 1.9kg of modified chitin, 60003kg of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone K300.2kg and 0.5kg of antioxidant;
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125;
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • the preparation method of the chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric of embodiment 1 includes the following steps:
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125;
  • step 2 The mixture obtained in step 1 is hydraulically fed into the spinning box body, and the fiber web is obtained by spinning, side blowing the box body cooling and pulling, and the resulting fiber web is hot rolled into a cloth on a hot rolling machine to obtain a chitosan modified pp spunbond Non-woven fabric.
  • the preparation method of the chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric of embodiment 2 includes the following steps:
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • step 2 The mixture obtained in step 1 is hydraulically fed into the spinning box, and the fiber web is obtained by spinning and side blowing the box cooling and traction. The resulting fiber web is hot rolled into a cloth on a hot rolling machine to obtain a chitin modified pp spunbonded fiber Spinning cloth.
  • the preparation method of the chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric of embodiment 3 includes the following steps:
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125;
  • step 2 The mixture obtained in step 1 is hydraulically fed into the spinning box, and the fiber web is obtained by spinning and side blowing the box cooling and traction. The resulting fiber web is hot rolled into a cloth on a hot rolling machine to obtain a chitin modified pp spunbonded fiber Spinning cloth.
  • the preparation method of the chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric of embodiment 4 includes the following steps:
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of soluble chitin, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125;
  • step 2 The mixture obtained in step 1 is hydraulically fed into the spinning box, and the fiber web is obtained by spinning and side blowing the box cooling and traction. The resulting fiber web is hot rolled into a cloth on a hot rolling machine to obtain a chitin modified pp spunbonded fiber Spinning cloth.
  • the preparation method of the chitin-modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric of embodiment 5 includes the following steps:
  • Modifiers include: 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, adipic acid dihydrazide; among them, the mass ratio of solubility, modifier, glutaraldehyde, and N-hydroxysuccinimide is 10 ⁇ 15:1 ⁇ 3:2 ⁇ 4:1 ⁇ 2;
  • the mass ratio of 2-hydroxybenzimidazole, cellulose acetate butyrate, and adipic acid dihydrazide is 1:3 to 5:2 to 3.
  • the antioxidant is antioxidant 3125;
  • step 2 The mixture obtained in step 1 is hydraulically fed into the spinning box body, and the fiber web is obtained by spinning, side blowing the box body cooling and pulling, and the resulting fiber web is hot rolled into a cloth on a hot rolling machine to obtain a chitosan modified pp spunbond Non-woven fabric.
  • the chitin-modified pp spunbond nonwoven fabric prepared by the present invention is tested according to "GB/T24340-2009 Textile Antifungal Performance Evaluation", and its antifungal grade is less than or equal to 1, while the comparative example is prepared
  • the anti-mold grade of the spunbond non-woven fabric is ⁇ 3, especially when the modified chitin content in the PP spun-bonded non-woven fabric is ⁇ 0.2, the anti-mold grade changes significantly, and when the modified crustacean When the element content is 0, the anti-mold grade is ⁇ 5, and the mold coverage rate is greater than 60%, indicating that the addition of modified chitin in the preparation process of the present invention has the effect of avoiding and reducing the decomposition of soluble chitin, and further improving the preparation.
  • the anti-mold grade of textiles is ⁇ 3, especially when the modified chitin content in the PP spun-bonded non-woven fabric is ⁇ 0.2, the anti-mold grade changes significantly, and when the modified crustacean When the element content is
  • the modified chitin content in the prepared non-woven fabric is 0.2-1.5%
  • the prepared fiber has the best antibacterial properties, and the physical properties can meet the needs of production.
  • the content is less than 0.2%
  • the antibacterial properties of the preparation are significantly reduced
  • the content of modified chitin is ⁇ 1.5%
  • the physical indexes of the prepared non-woven fabrics are significantly reduced, which obviously cannot meet the requirements of normal production and application.
  • the optimal content of modified chitin in the chitin modified pp spunbond non-woven fabric prepared by the present invention is 0.2-1.5%.
  • level 1 block textiles are basically free of adhesion
  • level 2 adhesion area is less than 20%
  • level 3 adhesion area> 20%, less than 40%
  • level 4 adhesion area> 40% , Less than 60%.
  • the soluble chitin of the present invention is commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the soluble chitin referred to in the present invention is chitosan.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，含有壳聚糖0.2-1.5％。该壳聚糖改性pp纺粘无纺布霉变等级≤1级，抗菌率≥99.5％；该壳聚糖改性pp纺粘无纺布，添加了改性甲壳素，甲壳素改性过程中，通过优化改性工艺流程，去除静置步骤，大幅度降低壳聚糖的改性时间3-5倍，提高了生产效率。

Description

一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布 技术领域
本发明涉及纺粘无纺布技术领域，具体说是一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布。
背景技术
甲壳素是一种无毒无味的白色或灰白色半透明的固体，在水、稀酸、稀碱以及一般的有机溶剂中难以溶解，因而限制了它的应用和发展。后来人们在研究探索中发现，甲壳素经浓碱处理脱去其中的乙酰基就变成可溶性甲壳素，又称甲壳胺或壳聚糖，它的化学名称为(1，4)-2-氨基-2-脱氧-β-D-葡萄糖，或简称聚胺基葡萄糖。这种壳聚糖由于它的大分子结构中存在大量氨基，从而大大改善了甲壳素的溶解性和化学活性，因此使它在医疗、营养和保健等方面具有广泛的应用价值。
可溶性甲壳素在工业上可做纺织品防霉杀菌除臭剂，可以通过后处理附着于纺织品纤维上，是纺织品提高附加价值的方法之一，用于制造内衣裤，袜子，家用特殊功能纺织品.医用手术衣/布，伤口敷料，烧伤创面敷料或深加工为人造皮肤用于大面积烧伤的治疗.；由于可溶性甲壳素(壳聚糖)是阳离子型天然聚合物，有良好的扼制微生物/细菌/霉菌的作用。
随着人们对服装差别化的需求越来越高，功能性的纤维或者面料越来越受到人们的欢迎，因此将功能性的物质加入到纤维或者面料中制成的新材料已经成为纺织领域的发展趋势，但任何一个技术的进步都会面临一个又一个的技术难题，比如在PP纤维的制备过程中加入可溶性甲壳素，由于可溶性甲壳素在120℃容易分解，而PP纤维制备过程的温度最高可达150℃以上，因此非常容易造成可溶性甲壳素的分解而影响制备的pp纤维的功能性和物理性能，由于壳聚糖的分解，在纤维或者面料使用初期并不能出现问题，随着纤维或者面料的使用，纤维表面容易出现霉变及纤维粘连。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，以解决甲壳素PP纤维因可溶性甲壳素易分解使而出现的容易发生霉变及纤维粘连的技术问题。
本发明为实现上述目的，通过以下技术方案实现：
一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述PP纺粘无纺布中含有甲壳素0.2-1.5％。
所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布霉变等级≤1级，抗菌率≥99.5％；
所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布中的甲壳素是以可溶性甲壳素(壳聚糖)改性而成：所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的制备原料还包括聚丙烯，聚乙二醇，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和抗氧剂；
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125或抗氧剂2013；
其中可溶性甲壳素(壳聚糖)的改性按照以下步骤制备得到：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性壳聚糖；
所述改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中改性剂的主要作用是防止可溶性甲壳素溶胀后超声过程中因超声加速反应过程中，溶胀过度而产生的凝胶，防止高温后壳聚糖的分解，去除静置步骤，降低溶胀时间，大幅度降低壳聚糖的改性时间3-5倍，提高生产效率；由于溶胀时间的减少，提高了可溶性甲壳素的稳定性，防止升温后的分解，防止在长期使用后纤维表面容易出现霉变、纤维粘连。
其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1～2:3～5:2～3。
优选的，聚乙二醇是聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000，优选的聚乙二醇种类分子量适中，能将壳聚糖改性pp纺粘无纺布的拉伸强度提高10～15％。
优选的，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K30，优选的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K30粘度小，无纺布的顺滑性能更好。
加入适当比例的聚乙二醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，可大幅度增加无纺布的顺滑性能；
本发明还包括一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
①按照质量比将聚丙烯和占混合物料总重量0.2-1.5％的改性甲壳素加入到卧式双螺带混合机中，加热至40～80℃，中速混合20～40分钟，然后向其中加入聚乙二醇，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和抗氧剂，加热至180～190℃，高速混合20～40分钟，得到混合料；
②将步骤①所得混合料压入纺丝箱体，经喷丝、牵引得纤维网，所得纤维网在热轧机上热轧成布，得到甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布。
优选的制备方法，步骤②中纤维网在热轧机上的轧辊温度为140～150℃。
优选的制备方法，步骤②中将熔融体压入纺丝箱体的工作压力为2～5MPa。
本发明还包括一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的用途，用于一次性医疗卫生用品，如妇女卫生巾、婴儿尿不湿、湿面巾、溢乳垫巾等。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：
1、制备的甲壳素改性PP纤维过程中，通过甲壳素的改性，在超声后大幅度减少溶胀时间，提高可溶性甲壳素的稳定性，防止改性后的甲壳素混合加入到pp纺丝过程中高温出现的分 解，最终避免使制备的纤维或者面料出现霉变剂及纤维粘连。
2、甲壳素改性过程中，通过优化改性工艺流程，去除静置步骤，大幅度降低壳聚糖的改性时间3-5倍，提高生产效率。
3、本发明制备的pp纺粘无纺布霉变等级≤1级。
4、通过甲壳素的的改性，使制备的PP纺粘无纺布具有优良的抗菌性能，综合抗菌率在99.5％以上。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例来对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，由以下原料组成：聚丙烯95kg，改性甲壳素0.22kg，聚乙二醇1.1kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮0.3kg和抗氧剂0.3kg；
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将市购可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
实施例2
一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，由以下原料组成：聚丙烯100kg，改性甲壳素1kg，聚乙二醇60005kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮0.1kg和抗氧剂0.6kg；
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂2013；
其中改性甲壳素按照以下步骤制备得到：
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
实施例3
一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，由以下原料组成：聚丙烯94kg，改性甲壳素1.2kg，聚乙二醇4kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮0.15kg和抗氧剂0.4kg；
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
实施例4
一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，由以下原料组成：聚丙烯95kg，改性甲壳素1.5kg，聚乙二醇40003kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K300.2kg和抗氧剂0.5kg；
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
实施例5
一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，由以下原料组成：聚丙烯95kg，改性甲壳素1.9kg，聚乙二醇60003kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K300.2kg和抗氧剂0.5kg；
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
实施例6
实施例1所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
①聚丙烯90kg和改性壳聚糖0.2kg加入到卧式双螺带混合机中，加热至40℃，中速混合20分钟，然后向其中加入聚乙二醇1kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮0.3kg和抗氧剂0.3kg，加热至180℃，高速混合20分钟，得到混合料液；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125；
②将步骤①所得混合料液压入纺丝箱体，经喷丝、侧吹风箱体冷却、牵引得纤维网，所得纤维网在热轧机上热轧成布，得到壳聚糖改性pp纺粘无纺布。
实施例7
实施例2所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
①聚丙烯100kg和改性甲壳素0.9kg加入到卧式双螺带混合机中，加热至80℃，中速混合40分钟，然后向其中加入聚乙二醇5kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮0.1kg和抗氧剂20130.6kg，加热至190℃，高速混合40分钟，得到混合料液；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然 后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
②将步骤①所得混合料液压入纺丝箱体，经喷丝、侧吹风箱体冷却、牵引得纤维网，所得纤维网在热轧机上热轧成布，得到甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布。
实施例8
实施例3所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
①聚丙烯94kg和改性壳聚糖1.2kg加入到卧式双螺带混合机中，加热至50℃，中速混合25分钟，然后向其中加入聚乙二醇4kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮15kg和抗氧剂0.4kg，加热至182℃，高速混合25分钟，得到混合料液；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125；
②将步骤①所得混合料液压入纺丝箱体，经喷丝、侧吹风箱体冷却、牵引得纤维网，所得纤维网在热轧机上热轧成布，得到甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布。
实施例9
实施例4所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
①聚丙烯95kg和改性甲壳素1.5kg加入到卧式双螺带混合机中，加热至60℃，中速混合30分钟，然后向其中加入聚乙二醇40003kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K300.2kg和抗氧剂0.5kg，加热至185℃，高速混合30分钟，得到混合料液；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然 后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125；
②将步骤①所得混合料液压入纺丝箱体，经喷丝、侧吹风箱体冷却、牵引得纤维网，所得纤维网在热轧机上热轧成布，得到甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布。
实施例10
实施例5所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
①聚丙烯95kg和改性甲壳素1.9kg加入到卧式双螺带混合机中，加热至60℃，中速混合30分钟，然后向其中加入聚乙二醇60003kg，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K300.2kg和抗氧剂0.5kg，加热至185℃，高速混合30分钟，得到混合料液；
改性甲壳素的制备方法：
将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素；
改性剂包括：2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼；其中，可溶性、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2；
改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1:3～5:2～3。
所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125；
②将步骤①所得混合料液压入纺丝箱体，经喷丝、侧吹风箱体冷却、牵引得纤维网，所得纤维网在热轧机上热轧成布，得到壳聚糖改性pp纺粘无纺布。
对比例11
采用实施例10的方法，在其他参数不变的情况下，加入的的改性甲壳素的量改变为3.5Kg。
对比例12
采用实施例10的方法，在其他参数不变的情况下，加入的改性甲壳素的量改变为4.0Kg。
对比例13
采用实施例10的方法，在其他参数不变的情况下，加入的改性甲壳素的量改变为4.5Kg。
对比例14
采用实施例10的方法，在其他参数不变的情况下，加入的改性甲壳素的量改变为0.09Kg。
对比例15
采用实施例10的方法，在其他参数不变的情况下，加入的改性甲壳素的量改变为0.05Kg。
对比例16
采用实施例10的方法，在其他参数不变的情况下，加入的改性甲壳素的量改变为0Kg。
对实施例6～10、对比例11-13的甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布进行性能测试，采用同克重的pp纺粘无纺布，克重均为20±0.5g/cm 2，采用ISO9237-1995标准进行材料透气率的测试，采用GB/T 24218.3-2010进行断裂强力和断裂伸长率的测试，结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020082969-appb-000001
由表1的数据可以看出，本发明制备的甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布根据《GB/T24340-2009纺织品防霉性能评价》测试，其防霉等级≤1级，而对比例制备的纺粘无纺布，其防霉等级≥3级以上，特别是当PP纺粘无纺布中改性甲壳素含量≤0.2时，其防霉等级出现较大幅度变化，而当改性甲壳素含量为0时，防霉等级≥5，出现霉变覆盖率＞60％的现象，说明本发明制备过程中，加入改性甲壳素具有避免和降低可溶性甲壳素分解的作用，进一步提高了制备的纺织品的防霉等级。
同时，也可以得出结论，当制备的无纺布中改性甲壳素含量0.2-1.5％时，制备的纤维 的抗菌性最好，且物理性能可以满足生产的需要，而当改性甲壳素含量＜0.2％时，制备的抗菌性有明显下降；当改性甲壳素含量≥1.5％时，制备的无纺布物理指标下降明显，显然不能满足正常生产应用的要求。综合考虑，本发明制备的甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布中改性甲壳素的最佳含量为0.2-1.5％。
吸水性测试，对比例采用同克重的pp纺粘无纺布，克重均为20±0.5g/cm 2，测试其吸水速度和吸水量：吸水速度测试方法为将实施例6～10的甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布剪成10cm*10cm的正方形片状，将1ml水滴在实验台上，并使用片状无纺布慢慢靠近水，用秒表记录无纺布完全吸水即全部润湿的时间进行吸水速度的测试；吸水量测试为将10cm*10cm的正方形片状称重后在水中浸泡10s，拿出后当无纺布不滴水后放在天平上称重，记录无纺布的重量m，每克的吸水量＝(m-5)/5；结果如表2所示。
将纺织品切成30*30cm小块，堆叠，置于湿度20-30，温度30-40℃环境中，经过20-50d，观察纺织品表面粘连现象。根据粘连情况分为4级，其中，1级：块状纺织品基本无粘连；2级：粘连面积小于20％；3级：粘连面积＞20％，小于40％；4级：粘连面积＞40％，小于60％。
表2实施例6～10的甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布吸水性、粘连等级测试结果
粘连现象测试：
表2
  粘连等级 吸水速度 吸水量(倍)
实施例6 1 3.1 18.6
实施例7 1 2.6 17.4
实施例8 1 2.7 17.2
实施例9 1 2.9 18.0
实施例10 1 3.8 19.2
对比例11 3 4.1 19.8
对比例12 5 4.1 19.1
对比例13 3 4.2 19.6
对比例14 4 4.0 8.2
对比例15 3 4.0 9.3
对比例16 ≥4级 - -
注：在进行吸水量的实验时，对比例常规无纺布的表面为不沾水。
表2的结果表明，本发明实施例6～10的甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布粘连等级≤1级，基本无粘连现象出现，同时，实施例6～10的甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布吸水速度快，吸水后表面仍保持干爽，吸湿性良好，具有很好的亲水性能，其吸湿倍数在15倍左右，具有优秀的吸湿率。
本发明对比例11-16的壳聚糖改性pp纺粘无纺布，特别是改性甲壳素含量为0时，其粘连等级≥4级，出现大量粘连现象；
本发明所述的可溶性甲壳素可市购得到，如无特殊说明，本发明中所称的可溶性甲壳素为壳聚糖。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述技术内容作为启示加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作出的简单修改，等同变化与改型，仍属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述PP纺粘无纺布中含有甲壳素0.2-1.5％。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布霉变等级≤1级，抗菌率≥99.5％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述甲壳素由可溶性甲壳素改性而成，改性过程如下：
    将可溶性甲壳素与pH3-5的乳酸混合溶胀，15～25℃混合搅拌10-20min后，加入改性剂，然后超声5-10min，升高温度至30-35℃，最后加入戊二醛和N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，反应13-15min，得到反应液，向反应液中加入氯乙酸，在40～80℃下搅拌反应3-5小时，得到混合液，除去上清液，乙醇真空干燥得到改性甲壳素。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述可溶性甲壳素、改性剂、戊二醛、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺的质量比为10～15：1～3：2～4：1～2。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述改性剂中，2-羟基苯并咪唑、醋酸丁酸纤维素、己二酸二酰肼的质量比1～2:3～5:2～3。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布的制备原料还包括聚乙二醇；所述聚乙二醇是聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000。
  7. 权利要求1所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布包括以下步骤：
    ①按质量比将聚丙烯和以占总重量0.2-1.5％的改性甲壳素加入到卧式双螺带混合机中，加热至40～80℃，中速混合20～40分钟，然后向其中加入聚乙二醇，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和抗氧剂，加热至180～190℃，高速混合20～40分钟，得到混合料液；
    ②将步骤①所得混合料液压入纺丝箱体，经喷丝、侧吹风箱体冷却、牵引得纤维网，所得纤维网在热轧机上热轧成布，得到壳聚糖改性pp纺粘无纺布。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：步骤②中纤维网在热轧机上的轧辊温度为140～150℃。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：步骤②中将熔融体压入纺丝箱体的工作压力为2～5MPa。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述甲壳素改性pp纺粘无纺布，其特征在于：所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂3125或抗氧剂2013。
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