WO2021093645A1 - 锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座 - Google Patents

锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021093645A1
WO2021093645A1 PCT/CN2020/126238 CN2020126238W WO2021093645A1 WO 2021093645 A1 WO2021093645 A1 WO 2021093645A1 CN 2020126238 W CN2020126238 W CN 2020126238W WO 2021093645 A1 WO2021093645 A1 WO 2021093645A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sliding
block
guide
longitudinal
elastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/126238
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐園植
徐浩钟
Original Assignee
徐園植
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201911094080.0A external-priority patent/CN110747730A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911094454.9A external-priority patent/CN110747731A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911094092.3A external-priority patent/CN110761183A/zh
Application filed by 徐園植 filed Critical 徐園植
Publication of WO2021093645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021093645A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a locking type anti-rollover bridge support in the technical field of viaducts.
  • a fixed bearing on one pier is used to support the combined support combined with a full-floating movable bearing on multiple piers to make the cover beam (transverse beam of the lateral support beam body) )
  • the beam body longitudinal beam body, also called box beam
  • the mating position of the joint can be automatically adjusted.
  • the function of the support is to transfer various loads of the upper structure to the pier or platform, and can adapt to the displacement (displacement and rotation) caused by factors such as load, temperature changes, and concrete shrinkage and creep, so that the actual upper and lower structures are
  • the force condition conforms to the design calculation model.
  • the full-floating support is to place the support on the support cushion stone that is fixed to the cover beam by the steel plate under the support or place the support on the support cushion stone that is fixed to the upper end of the pier by anchor bolts.
  • the pre-embedded steel plate at the bottom of the beam is fixed by anchor bolts to fix the steel plate on the support and the beam together, so that the steel plate on the support is pressed on the full-floating support to bear the upper beam and the passing vehicle. Weight, and the steel plate on the support is not locked to the full-floating support.
  • the fixed support and the fully floating movable support are both the integral seat body without the upper and lower connection without the limit fixing or the upper and lower combined integral seat without the limit fixing, and there is no lock and no beam body.
  • the locking device that is offset on both sides of the side and the locking device that does not lock the upper support plate and the lower support plate. This will then cause the viaduct's girder body to roll over when the load is uneven on the left and right girder bodies of the viaduct.
  • Plate rubber bearings are rectangular and round, and there is no distinction between fixed and movable bearings; thin steel or steel wire mesh is used as a stiffening layer to improve the vertical bearing capacity of the support; rotation is achieved through uneven elastic compression, and deformation is achieved through shear Achieve horizontal displacement.
  • the steel plate is embedded at the bottom of the beam body to fix the steel plate on the support and the beam body together, so that the steel plate on the support is pressed on the full-floating support to bear the weight of the upper beam and passing vehicles.
  • the plate rubber bearings are all used to place the support on the lower steel plate of the support, and the upper steel plate of the support is placed on the support, and there is no locking device that does not shift to the lateral sides of the beam and no locking.
  • a locking device between the upper steel plate of the support and the lower steel plate of the support In turn, it will cause the support to vacate when the load is uneven on the left and right beams of the viaduct, which will cause the beams of the viaduct to roll over.
  • the current prior art also has a bridge anti-overturning support and its construction method with the patent number CN2015105183408, but it fixes the entire support, the beam body and the cover beam together by screws, although it can prevent the beam of the viaduct
  • the body rolls over, but the beam body cannot slide back and forth on the support and cannot adapt to the elongation and contraction caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the beam body, so that the beam body is easy to pull the pier or push the bridge skewed, and then make the support It cannot be practically applied to the construction of viaducts.
  • Cylindrical rollers are matched between them to improve the sensitivity of seismic performance; two adjacent plug-in boards are matched by spaced brake pads.
  • the amplitude of the horizontal force of the earthquake is decomposed into high frequency
  • the low-amplitude vibration improves the seismic performance; but it does not limit the inability to move up and down between the three plates and the lateral movement of the beam body, and there is no function to prevent the beam body of the viaduct from turning over.
  • the connecting rods 8 hingedly fixed on the rotating sleeves of the two sets of support bodies are respectively at the front and the rear of the two sets of rotating sleeves; the support body receives the downward pressure of the beam under the eccentric load, so that the bearing on this side rotates. Along with the rotating sleeve, the downward displacement occurs.
  • the downwardly pressed rotating sleeve makes the tiger tooth move upward in the sliding track of the inner wall of the sleeve.
  • the side rotating sleeve 3 is under the action of the reaction force of the tiger tooth 5 on the sliding track 9 It rotates around the rotating bearing, and then drives the connecting rod 8 of the rotating sleeve 3 to rotate, and then the force is transmitted to the rotating sleeve of the other side support through the two hinged connecting rods, so that the other side of the rotating sleeve rotates around that side.
  • the rotating bearing 4 rotates upwards spirally, and the rotating force causes the rotation to generate a downward pulling force on the side beam body to resist the torque generated by the eccentric load; and there is no restriction and the fixed support cannot move up and down.
  • the safety factor of anti-rollover is only 40-50% of the bearing capacity of the traditional single-pier and single-supported viaduct supporting beam body when the support bears unilateral gravity, and it does not have the ability to prevent rollover at all.
  • the traditional bridge support connects the bridge to the pier, the beam connected to the bridge support can move to both sides of the bridge, so that the traditional bridge support does not have the ability to prevent rollover;
  • the traditional bridge support that connects the bridge and the pier together cannot achieve the locking of the bridge's lateral swing up and down, and the traditional bridge support does not have the ability to prevent rollover.
  • the present invention firstly solves the problem: when the traditional single-pier single-bearing viaduct support beam bears unilateral gravity, the safety factor against rollover is only 40-50% of the bearing capacity of the bridge support.
  • the technical problem is solved: when the traditional bridge support connects the bridge and the pier together, the technical problem that the beam connected to the bridge support can move to both sides of the bridge; 3.
  • the traditional bridge support to connect the bridge and the pier together can not achieve the horizontal direction of the bridge to swing up and down the lock technical problem;
  • the bridge support connects the bridge and the pier together, lock and limit The two sides of the bridge cannot swing up and down, and the girder body of the bridge cannot be slid to both sides of the bridge, thereby effectively preventing the girder body of the viaduct with a single pier and single bearing from overturning.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method that increases the safety factor of the bridge support against rollover to several levels of the traditional bearing capacity without considering the maximum reaction force and the minimum reaction force variation range of the traditional support. Ten times to several hundred times, while preventing rollover, it also ensures that the beam body of the viaduct with a single pier and single bearing supports the beam body automatically adapts to the front and back slippage caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the viaduct when the temperature changes, which effectively prevents The girder body of the viaduct with a single pier and single bearing supporting the girder body rolls over.
  • the locking type anti-rollover bridge support of the present invention includes a guide chute, a lateral limit part, a lock limit part, a load bearing part, a guide sliding part, an elastic shock absorption part, and a beam support part.
  • the guide sliding seat body includes a lateral limit part, a locking limit part and a bearing part; a long opening is opened on the upper side of the guide sliding seat body, and the long opening is combined with the inner cavity of the guide sliding seat body to form a guide chute; the guide chute is adopted
  • the flat-folded parts on both sides of the long opening of the guide chute are used as the locking restriction part, and the vertical part below the flat-folded part of the long opening of the guide chute is used as the lateral limit part.
  • the guiding sliding part includes a guiding sliding groove, guiding sliding parts on both sides of the elastic sliding plate, sliding guiding blocks on both sides of the longitudinal guiding sliding block, and sliding guiding blocks for longitudinally sliding the upper block.
  • the elastic damping part includes an arc-shaped plate part of an elastic sliding plate, a wave-shaped curved elastic plate, an annular oblique spring, a disc spring, and a rubber block.
  • the beam supporting part includes a guide sliding seat body, an elastic sliding plate, a longitudinal guide sliding block, a longitudinal sliding upper plate, and a longitudinal sliding lower plate.
  • the load-bearing part is the guide chute part at the bottom of the guide sliding seat body.
  • the said locking type anti-rollover bridge support includes four structural modes: 1. It includes an elastic sliding plate composed of a sliding seat body, a sliding guide groove, an arc plate and a straight or curved plate, and a sliding guide on the elastic sliding plate. Part; 2. Including guide sliding seat body, guide sliding groove, wave-shaped curved elastic plate, longitudinal guide slider; 3.
  • a long opening is opened on the upper surface of the guide sliding seat body of the rectangular tube type so that the cross section of the guide sliding groove on the guide sliding seat body is convex.
  • An elastic sliding plate is installed in the guide chute.
  • the top of the curved plate of the elastic sliding plate is higher than the upper end of the guide sliding seat body.
  • the sliding part of the elastic sliding plate is wider than the curved plate, and the sliding part is in the locking and limiting part of the guiding chute. Between the lower surface of the guide chute and the bearing part of the guide chute, and between the two lateral limit parts of the guide chute.
  • a wave-shaped curved elastic plate and a longitudinal guide slider are installed in the guide chute, the wave-shaped curved elastic plate is under the longitudinal guide slider, and the upper surface of the longitudinal guide slider is higher than the upper end of the guide slider body; The sliding guide block of the guide block is wider than the upper boss.
  • the sliding guide block is located between the underside of the locking and restricting part of the guide chute and the upper surface of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate, and at the two lateral limit parts of the guide chute In between, the middle part of the lower surface of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate is bolted to the middle of the guide groove of the guide sliding seat body or the middle part of the upper side of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate is fixed to the middle of the longitudinal guide block of the sliding guide block by bolts. .
  • a longitudinal sliding group consisting of a longitudinally sliding lower plate, an annular oblique spring and a longitudinally sliding upper block is installed in the guide chute, or a longitudinally sliding lower plate, a disc spring and a longitudinally sliding upper block are installed in the guide chute.
  • a longitudinal sliding group consisting of blocks, or a longitudinal sliding group consisting of a longitudinally sliding lower plate, a rubber block and a longitudinally sliding upper block installed in the guide chute, or a longitudinally sliding upper plate and a rubber block are installed in the guide chute
  • the upper surface of the longitudinal sliding upper block installed in the guide chute is higher than the upper end of the guide sliding seat body, and the sliding guide block of the longitudinal sliding upper block is wider than the upper boss; under the longitudinal sliding upper block Annular oblique springs or disc springs are installed in the upper groove of one side and the upper groove of the lower longitudinal guide block and the lower groove of the lower longitudinal guide block, or in the upper groove on the lower side of the longitudinal sliding upper block and the longitudinal guide slide down
  • a rubber block is installed in the lower groove on the upper surface of the block, or a rubber block is installed between the lower surface of the longitudinally sliding upper block and the upper surface of the lower longitudinal guide block in the lower groove, or the upper block is vertically slid
  • a rubber block is installed between the upper groove on the
  • the sliding guide block is restricted and locked under the locking and restricting part of the guide chute and cannot move upwards
  • the longitudinal guide sliding lower block is restricted and locked on the upper side of the bearing part of the guide chute and cannot move downwards, sliding longitudinally
  • the upper block and the longitudinal guide sliding lower block are simultaneously restricted between the two lateral limit parts of the guide chute and cannot move laterally.
  • the two ends of the guide sliding pin of the column are inserted into the sliding hole of the longitudinal sliding upper block and the longitudinal sliding upper block respectively.
  • the sliding guide block of the longitudinally sliding upper block is on the lower side of the locking and restricting part of the guide chute
  • the rubber block is on the upper side of the bearing part of the guide chute, so that the longitudinally sliding upper block is restricted and locked and cannot move up and down.
  • the upper sliding block and the rubber block are between the two lateral limit parts of the guide chute, so that the longitudinal sliding upper block is restricted from moving laterally.
  • the rubber block contacts the lower surface of the longitudinal sliding upper block and the bottom of the guide chute. The generated friction is used to locate the contact surface, and then through the deformation toughness and elastic deformation of the rubber block, the longitudinal sliding upper block can only slide longitudinally in the guide chute.
  • the components of the longitudinal sliding group that the rubber block cooperates with the guide chute of the guide sliding seat body have five matching types: 1.
  • a rubber block is installed in the lower groove on the upper surface, and the sliding guide block of the longitudinal sliding upper block is between the lower surface of the locking and limiting part of the guide chute and the upper surface of the longitudinal guiding lower block, and the longitudinal guiding lower block slides longitudinally
  • the longitudinally sliding upper block and the longitudinally sliding lower block are at the same time between the two lateral limit parts of the guide chute, and are guided by the vertical column.
  • the two ends of the pin are respectively inserted into the sliding holes of the upper longitudinal sliding block and the sliding holes of the lower longitudinal sliding guide block to locate the overall linkage between the upper longitudinal sliding block and the lower longitudinal guide sliding block, and drive the upper longitudinal sliding block Integral linkage type longitudinal sliding with the longitudinal sliding guide lower block in the guide chute; 2.
  • a rubber block is installed in the lower groove between the lower surface of the longitudinal sliding upper block and the upper surface of the longitudinal sliding guide lower block to slide longitudinally
  • the sliding guide block of the upper block is between the lower surface of the locking and limiting part of the guide chute and the upper surface of the longitudinal guide lower block, and the longitudinal guide lower block slides in the longitudinal direction on the lower surface of the sliding guide block of the upper block and the guide chute
  • the longitudinal sliding upper block and the longitudinal sliding guide lower block are at the same time between the two horizontal limit parts of the guide chute, and the two ends of the vertical sliding guide pin are respectively inserted into the sliding holes of the longitudinal sliding upper block.
  • the longitudinal sliding upper block Rubber blocks are installed in the upper groove on the lower side of the lower side and the upper side of the bottom of the guide chute of the guide sliding seat body.
  • the sliding guide block of the longitudinally sliding upper block is on the lower side of the locking and limiting part of the guide chute and the rubber block Between the upper surface, the rubber block slides longitudinally between the upper groove on the lower side of the sliding guide block of the upper block and the upper surface of the guide chute bearing part.
  • the longitudinally sliding upper block and the rubber block are at the same time on both sides of the guide chute.
  • the contact surface is positioned by the friction caused by the contact between the rubber block and the upper groove of the lower surface of the longitudinal sliding upper block and the bottom of the guide chute, and then the deformation toughness and elastic deformation of the rubber block To make the longitudinally sliding upper block only slide longitudinally in the guide chute; 5.
  • Rubber blocks are installed on the lower side of the longitudinally sliding upper block and the upper side of the guide chute bottom of the guide sliding seat body to slide the upper block longitudinally
  • the sliding guide block is between the lower surface of the locking and limiting part of the guide chute and the upper surface of the rubber block, and the rubber block slides longitudinally between the lower surface of the sliding guide block of the upper block and the upper surface of the guide chute bearing part,
  • the longitudinally sliding upper block and the rubber block are located between the two lateral limit parts of the guide chute at the same time, and the contact surface is positioned by the friction generated by the contact between the rubber block and the lower surface of the longitudinally sliding upper block and the bottom of the guide chute, and then Through the deformation toughness and elastic deformation of the rubber block, the longitudinally sliding upper block can only slide longitudinally in the guide chute.
  • the curved plate of the elastic slide plate passes through the upper steel plate of the support through anchor bolts, and then fixes the beam body and the elastic slide plate together with the beam bottom embedded steel plate in the beam body/or the beam body is fixed by anchor bolts and the beam bottom embedded steel plate in the beam body.
  • the longitudinal guide slider passes through the steel plate of the support through the anchor bolt, and the beam body and the longitudinal guide slider are fixed together with the beam bottom embedded steel plate in the beam body/or the beam body is fixed with the beam body through anchor bolts
  • the pre-embedded steel plate at the bottom of the beam fixes the beam body and the longitudinal guide slide block together; the guide slide seat body passes through the steel plate under the support through the anchor bolts and handles with the screw sleeve embedded in the support cushion stone at the upper end of the cover beam or the bridge pier.
  • the guide sliding seat body is fixed with the cover/beam or the upper end of the bridge pier and the supporting cushion stone on the guide sliding seat body, or the screw sleeve embedded in the supporting cushion stone at the upper end of the cover beam or bridge pier through anchor bolts Fix the guide sliding seat body and the cover beam/or the upper end of the bridge pier and the supporting stone and the guide sliding seat body together.
  • the longitudinal sliding upper block passes through the upper steel plate of the support through the anchor bolts, and the beam body and the longitudinal sliding upper block are fixed together with the beam bottom embedded steel plate in the beam body; the guide sliding seat body passes through the anchor bolts through the lower steel plate of the support and then
  • the pre-embedded screw sleeves in the support cushion stone at the upper end of the cover beam or bridge pier fix the guide sliding seat body with the cover beam or the upper end of the bridge pier and the support cushion stone on the guide sliding seat body together, or by anchoring bolts and A screw sleeve pre-embedded in the support cushion stone at the upper end of the cover beam or bridge pier fixes the sliding guide seat body and the upper end of the cover beam or bridge pier and the support cushion stone on the cover beam or the bridge pier together with the guide sliding seat body.
  • the longitudinal sliding upper block passes through the upper steel plate of the support through the anchor bolts, and the beam body and the longitudinal sliding upper block are fixed together with the beam bottom embedded steel plate in the beam body; the guide sliding seat body passes through the anchor bolts through the lower steel plate of the support and then
  • the pre-embedded screw sleeves in the support cushion stone at the upper end of the cover beam or bridge pier fix the guide sliding seat body with the cover beam or the upper end of the bridge pier and the support cushion stone on the guide sliding seat body together, or by anchoring bolts and A screw sleeve pre-embedded in the support cushion stone at the upper end of the cover beam or bridge pier fixes the sliding guide seat body and the upper end of the cover beam or bridge pier and the support cushion stone on the cover beam or the bridge pier together with the guide sliding seat body.
  • Position part to restrict the longitudinal sliding upper block and the longitudinal guiding sliding lower block from sliding to both sides; or, by locking and restricting the longitudinal sliding upper block by the locking restriction parts on both sides of the long opening of the convex guide chute in the guide sliding seat body The two sides of the sliding guide block of the block and the two sides of the lower longitudinal guide block do not move up and down/or lock and limit the two sides of the sliding guide block of the longitudinally sliding upper block not to move up and down, and then pass the convex-shaped
  • the lateral limit part of the guide chute restricts the longitudinal sliding upper block and the longitudinal guide sliding lower block from sliding to both sides/or restricts the longitudinal sliding upper block from sliding to both sides; so as to achieve the locking of the single support beam body
  • the two sides of the beam body of the viaduct do not swing up and down, and then the beam body of the viaduct that locks the single pier and single support beam body will not roll over to any side.
  • the guide sliding seat body is a rectangular tube type seat body with a long opening on the upper side, and the rectangular tube body type has a long opening on the upper side that combines the inside and the opening of the guide sliding seat body into a convex-shaped guide slide groove;
  • the flat folding part on both sides of the long opening of the chute is the locking restriction part, the vertical part below the flat folding part of the long opening of the guide chute is the horizontal limit part, and the horizontal part below the flat folding part of the guide chute is Bearing part;
  • the bearing part of the guide sliding seat body is provided with a screw hole for the anchor bolt to pass through, and a counterbore for accommodating the anchor bolt head or nut is provided on the upper surface of the bearing part of the screw hole.
  • the anchor bolt head or nut does not expose the guide chute in the counterbore.
  • the guide sliding groove and the locking restriction part are used to lock and restrict the sliding guide parts on both sides of the elastic sliding plate or the sliding guide blocks on both sides of the longitudinal guide sliding block from moving up and down, and the horizontal limit part of the guide sliding seat body restricts the elastic sliding plate or
  • the longitudinal guide slider does not slide to both sides, and the load-bearing part of the guide slide seat body carries the elastic sliding plate and all the gravity/or wave-curved curved elastic plate and the longitudinal guide slider and the longitudinal guide slider.
  • the load-bearing part of the guide sliding seat body bears all the gravity on the longitudinally sliding upper block and the longitudinally sliding upper block; or, through the guide chute and the locking restricting part to lock and restrict the two sides of the longitudinally sliding upper block
  • the sliding guide block does not move up and down; the longitudinal sliding upper block is restricted from sliding to both sides by the lateral limit part of the guide sliding seat body; the longitudinal sliding upper block and the longitudinal sliding upper block are carried by the bearing part of the guide sliding seat body All the gravity that it bears.
  • the middle part of the elastic slide plate is an arc plate with an arc shape, and the two ends are straight or curved plates; the upper side of the arc plate is the upper arc surface, and the lower side is the lower arc surface; in the arc of the elastic slide plate A screw hole for the anchor bolt to pass through is provided on the shaped plate, and a counterbore for accommodating the anchor bolt head or nut is provided on the lower arc surface of the screw hole, and the installed anchor bolt head or nut is in the counterbore
  • the lower arc surface is not exposed; there is a guide sliding part on the elastic slide plate, the guide sliding part is the part of the straight or curved plate wider than the arc plate, and the guide sliding part is restricted in the convex guide chute in the guide sliding seat body It cannot move up and down and cannot move to both sides.
  • the longitudinal guide block is a convex block with longitudinally missing cross-sections on both sides of the upper part or the middle part and the upper part; the longitudinal guide block has two parts, an upper boss and a sliding guide block, which slide The lateral width of the guide block is wider than the lateral width of the upper boss.
  • the upper boss is on the top of the sliding guide block and the sliding guide block is a whole or a combined whole; the sliding guide block has a convex guide in the guide sliding seat.
  • the sliding groove is restricted and cannot move up and down and cannot move to both sides; there are screw holes on the longitudinal guide block for the anchor bolt to pass through, and on the screw hole on the lower side of the sliding guide block of the longitudinal guide block
  • a counterbore for accommodating the anchor bolt head or nut is provided, and the installed anchor bolt head or nut does not expose the lower surface of the longitudinal guide slider in the counterbore.
  • the wave-shaped curved elastic plate is a curved panel with continuous wave-shaped corrugated grooves on both upper and lower sides.
  • the wave groove of the corrugated groove passes through the ends on both sides transversely or passes through two longitudinally. The end of the end; when the wave-shaped curved elastic plate bears the pressure from the beam body, it elastically stretches, and when the wave-shaped curved elastic plate bears the pressure from the beam body, it elastically contracts.
  • the longitudinally sliding upper block is a block with longitudinally missing convex-shaped blocks on the upper part or on both sides of the middle and upper part, with or without an upwardly recessed upper groove on the lower side of the block; the longitudinally sliding upper block includes an upper There are two parts of the boss and the sliding guide block.
  • the lateral width of the sliding guide block is wider than the lateral width of the upper boss.
  • the sliding guide block is restricted in the convex guide chute in the guide sliding seat and cannot move up and down.
  • the upper boss is on the top of the sliding guide block and the sliding guide block is a whole or a combined whole; the sliding guide on the sliding guide block other than the upper groove or the position other than the position corresponding to the lower groove
  • the block has or does not have a sliding hole for inserting the guide sliding pin of the column; on the longitudinal sliding upper block, there is a screw hole for the anchor bolt to pass through, and the screw hole on the lower side of the sliding guide block of the longitudinal sliding upper block is provided
  • a counterbore that accommodates the anchor bolt head or nut, and the installed anchor bolt head or nut does not expose the lower surface of the longitudinally sliding upper block in the counterbore.
  • the lower longitudinal guide block is a rectangular block with or without a lower groove on the upper surface, and there is a rectangular block on the rectangular block other than the lower groove or on the rectangular block other than the position corresponding to the upper groove. Or there is no sliding hole for inserting the guide sliding pin of the column; the sliding hole on the lower longitudinal guide sliding block communicates with the sliding hole on the lower surface of the upper longitudinal sliding block correspondingly.
  • the annular oblique bending spring is a tube ring body with a relatively large taper in the middle, a flat upper ring body connected to the large end of the tube ring body in the middle part, and a small tube ring body in the lower part which is connected to the tube ring body in the middle part.
  • the small end of the body shrinks into the larger end of the tube ring body to form an elastic contraction, the lower ring body elastically contracts into the circular hole, and the upper ring body elastically expands to the outer ring surface; when the annular oblique bending spring bears the pressure from the beam body decreases
  • the large end of the tapered tube ring body in the middle of the ring-shaped oblique spring spring stretches elastically toward the small end of the tube ring body, the lower ring body elastically stretches toward the outer ring surface of the small end of the tapered ring, and the upper ring body stretches toward the tapered tube ring body. Elastic shrinkage in the large-end taper hole.
  • the shape of the disc spring is a disc shape, a spring with a tapered hole in the middle of the disc shape, an inner cone surface and an outer cone surface, and the disc spring includes a single disc spring or a superimposed disc spring or an inverse disc spring Cone spring or composite combination disc spring; when the disc spring bears the pressure from the beam, the pressure is pressed from the outer cone surface of the disc spring to the inner cone surface, so that the cone of the disc spring is reduced to form an elastic contraction; When the disc spring bears the pressure from the beam body decreases, the pressure from the outer cone surface to the inner cone surface of the disc spring decreases, so that the cone of the disc spring decreases and increases to form an elastic extension.
  • the rubber block is an arc block or a rectangular block or a special-shaped block composed of an arc and a line segment. It is a rubber body part of a traditional bridge plate rubber bearing or a bridge basin rubber bearing. Rubber body plate body part; when the rubber block bears the pressure from the beam body, the middle part of the rubber block elastically expands outwards and around; when the rubber block bears the pressure from the beam body, the outer edge of the rubber block faces the middle part Elastic contraction.
  • the groove includes an upper groove and a lower groove.
  • the groove on the longitudinal sliding upper block is the upper groove, and the groove on the longitudinal sliding guide lower block is the lower groove; the groove is an arc groove or a square groove Or a special-shaped groove composed of an arc and a line segment, or an arc-shaped ring groove or a square ring groove or a special-shaped ring groove composed of an arc and a line segment.
  • the shape of the groove is set according to the shape of the annular oblique spring or according to the disc shape
  • the shape of the spring can be set or set according to the shape of the rubber block; there are grooves on the longitudinal sliding upper block and the longitudinal guiding sliding lower block at the same time to form a double-sided groove, or only the longitudinal sliding upper block or longitudinal guiding block There are grooves on the lower sliding block to form a single-sided groove; when the upper sliding block is combined with the annular oblique spring or disc spring or rubber block and the longitudinal sliding lower block to form a longitudinal sliding group, the longitudinal sliding is There are grooves on the lower block and the lower longitudinal guide block at the same time to form a double-sided groove, or only a groove on the longitudinally sliding upper block or the lower longitudinal guide block to form a single-sided groove; When the rubber blocks are combined to form a longitudinal sliding group, only a groove is formed on the upper longitudinal sliding block to form a single-sided groove, or there is no groove on the upper longitudinal sliding block.
  • the longitudinal sliding upper block When the longitudinal sliding upper block is combined with the annular oblique spring or the disc spring or the rubber block and the longitudinal sliding lower block to form a longitudinal sliding group, there is or does not allow the column guide sliding pin on the sliding guide block outside the upper groove Inserted sliding hole; when the longitudinal sliding upper block is only combined with the rubber block to form a longitudinal sliding group, the sliding guide block outside the upper groove may not be provided with a sliding hole for inserting the column guide sliding pin.
  • the lateral direction refers to the direction of the cross section of the beam body and the direction of the cross section of the guide chute and the forward direction of the cover beam
  • the longitudinal direction refers to the direction of the beam body and the direction of the notch of the guide chute
  • the upper and lower installation positions of the guide sliding seat body, the wave-shaped curved elastic plate and the longitudinal guide slider can be interchanged; the upper and lower positions of the disc spring are opposite, the installation positions can be interchanged, and the annular oblique folding The upper part and the lower part of the spring are opposite, and the installation positions can be interchanged.
  • the installation position of the guide sliding seat body and the installation position of the longitudinal sliding group are also relative, and the installation positions can be interchanged.
  • the said guide sliding seat body, elastic sliding plate, longitudinal guide sliding block, wave-shaped curved elastic plate, longitudinal sliding upper block, longitudinal guide sliding lower block, disc spring and annular oblique bending spring can be adjusted in the shape and contour during manufacture. Be chamfered or rounded to the contour of the inner cavity.
  • the said guide sliding seat body can be manufactured separately from the lateral limit part, the locking limit part and the load-bearing part of the guide sliding seat body and then combined together to make a whole ship.
  • the transverse limiting part and the locking limiting part of the sliding guide body are manufactured separately from the bearing part of the sliding guide body and then combined into a whole. It is also possible to combine the locking and limiting part of the sliding guide body and the transverse direction of the sliding guide body.
  • the limit part and the load-bearing part are manufactured separately and then combined into a whole. It is also possible to combine the upper part of the locking limit part and the transverse limit part of the sliding guide body and the lower part and the load-bearing part of the transverse limit part of the guide sliding body. After being manufactured separately, they are combined into a whole.
  • the guide slide is provided with a lubrication groove for adding lubricant, or a lubricating groove for adding lubricant is provided on the guide sliding part of the elastic sliding plate, or on the lower side of the longitudinal guide slide lower block, the longitudinal slide upper block and the longitudinal guide slide Lubrication grooves are provided on both sides of the lower block; lubricant is used to lubricate the contact part of the elastic sliding plate and the guide chute, or lubricant is used to lubricate the lower longitudinal guide and the upper longitudinal slide and the guide seat
  • the contact part of the guide chute of the body; the said lubricant preferably adopts graphite lubricant, and secondly adopts graphite lithium-based grease.
  • the elastic sliding board and The contact part of the guide chute is ground and polished to become a smooth contact surface.
  • the part where the longitudinal guide slide is in contact with the guide chute, the part where the longitudinal guide slides and the wavy curved elastic plate are in contact, and the longitudinal guide slide and the wavy curved surface The contact part of the elastic plate is ground and polished to become a smooth contact surface to increase the longitudinal sliding performance of the elastic sliding plate, the wave-curved elastic plate and the longitudinal guide block in the guide chute; the longitudinal guide slide upper block and the longitudinal guide slide down
  • the contact part of the block and the guide chute is ground and polished to become a smooth contact surface to increase the longitudinal sliding performance of the longitudinal guide upper block and the longitudinal guide lower block in the guide chute; so as to ensure that the beam body is produced when the temperature changes
  • the elongation or shortening caused by thermal expansion and contraction does not produce excessive pulling force or thrust between the piers, thereby ensuring the independent support of the piers.
  • the curved plate part of the elastic slide plate is made of elastic spring steel, and the curved plate part Manufactured into an arch shape, so that the elastic sliding plate has the functions of elastic expansion and elastic contraction;
  • the wave-shaped curved elastic plate is made of spring steel with elasticity, and the wave-shaped curved elastic plate is made into a continuous wave-shaped corrugated groove with concave and convex
  • the curved panel makes the wave-shaped curved elastic plate have the functions of elastic expansion and elastic contraction;
  • the annular oblique bending spring and the disc spring are made of spring steel with elasticity, and the middle part of the annular oblique bending spring is made into a larger taper
  • the tube ring body, the upper part is made into a flat upper ring body connected with the large end of the middle tapered tube ring body, and the lower part is made into a flat lower ring body connected with the small end of the
  • a circular hole is made in the middle of the disc spring, the disc spring is made into an inner cone and an outer cone, the shape is made into a disc shape, and a tapered hole is made in the middle of the disc shape, so that the annular oblique spring and disc spring have The function of elastic expansion and elastic contraction; the rubber block is made of rubber with the functions of elastic contraction and elastic deformation to control expansion, so that the rubber block has the function of elastic expansion and elastic contraction.
  • the curved plate adopts an arched arc body to eliminate the concentrated stress and is provided on the curved plate part. Screw holes to eliminate concentrated stress.
  • the corrugated part of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate is laid flat on the bearing part under the guide chute.
  • the bottom part of the guide slide body bear the force, and install the longitudinal guide block on the corrugated part of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate to distribute the force on the corrugated part of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate, that is, the method of twice apportioning the bearing gravity
  • the center of the flat lower ring body of the annular oblique bending spring is made with a circular hole to eliminate concentrated stress
  • the center of the disc spring is made to eliminate Conical hole with concentrated stress
  • the upper and lower sides of the rubber block adopt flat or approximately curved surfaces, and when bearing the pressure transmitted by the longitudinal sliding upper block, it fully contacts with the longitudinal sliding upper block so that the rubber block is uniformly stressed to eliminate
  • the air dust sleeve is used to seal the front and rear ends of the guide chute, and the air dust sleeve is used to seal the gap between the upper opening of the guide chute and the arc plate or seal the guide slide.
  • the gap between the upper opening part of the groove and the upper boss of the longitudinal guide slider or the gap between the upper opening part of the guide sliding groove and the upper boss of the longitudinal sliding upper block is sealed.
  • the elastic wave generated by the curved plate of the elastic sliding plate in the direction of the curved surface, and the elastic wave generated by the wave-shaped curved elastic plate in the direction of the wave curved surface, or by the annular oblique spring and the disc spring in the axial direction of the center of the circle can absorb the vibration and shock when the vehicle passes.
  • the concentrated stress generated by the elastic slide plate when bearing the load is reduced; or, by changing the corrugated part of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate Spread it flat on the load-bearing part under the guide chute to spread the force on the bottom part of the guide slide body, and install the longitudinal guide slider on the corrugated part of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate to distribute the force on the corrugated part of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate , That is, the method of twice apportioning the bearing gravity is used to avoid the stress concentration generated when the wave-shaped curved elastic plate bears the above gravity; or, by setting a circular hole on the lower ring body of the ring-shaped oblique spring and the disc spring A tapered hole is set on the top to reduce the concentrated stress generated by the annular oblique spring and the disc spring when the load is loaded; or, through the elastic deformation of the rubber block, the force of the rubber block is
  • Locking and restricting the sliding guide blocks on both sides of the elastic sliding plate and the sliding guide block of the longitudinal guide block through the locking and restricting part of the guide sliding seat body cannot move up and down/or locking and restricting the sliding guide block and the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal sliding upper block
  • the guide slide block cannot move up and down in the guide chute, so that the two sides of the beam body of the locked viaduct cannot swing up and down, and then the beam body of the viaduct that is supported by the lateral single pier and single support beam body will not roll over to any side. .
  • the elastic sliding plate and the longitudinal guide sliding block are restricted from sliding to both sides/or the longitudinal guide sliding block is restricted from sliding to both sides, so that the beam body is always kept on the locked side. There is no lateral displacement of the position on the top of the overturned bridge support.
  • the damping element of the locking anti-rollover bridge support is made of metal elastic material to replace the traditional rubber damping element, which increases the anti-vibration strength of the damping element, prolongs the life of the damping element, and then extends the locking The service life of the type anti-rollover bridge support.
  • the curved plate When the curved body of the curved plate bears gravity, the curved plate has the elastic function of the spring through the arc deformation generated in the curved surface direction; when the wave-shaped curved elastic plate is subjected to gravity, it deforms through the arc generated in the direction of the corrugated curved surface To realize that the wavy curved surface elastic plate has the elastic function of the spring; when the annular oblique bending spring and the disc spring bear gravity, they are realized through the taper deformation produced in the axial direction of the center of the circle. Elastic function; make the structure of the large spring simple and easy to manufacture.
  • the safety factor of anti-rollover of the traditional bearing is only 40-50% of the bearing capacity of the bearing, and the safety factor of the anti-rollover is increased to several tens to hundreds of times the bearing capacity of the traditional bearing.
  • Overturning the bridge support significantly improves the anti-rollover ability of the viaduct with a single pier and single support supporting the beam body, and improves the load-bearing safety of the viaduct with a single pier and single support beam body and the continuous loading of trucks on the viaduct. High load passing safety.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide sliding groove direction of the guide sliding seat body.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the elastic sliding plate installed in the guide sliding seat body.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the longitudinal guide slider and the wave-shaped curved elastic plate installed in the guide slider body.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the longitudinal guide sliding block and the wave-shaped curved elastic plate installed in the guide sliding seat body.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of C-C in Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the longitudinal sliding upper block and the longitudinal guiding sliding lower block installed in the guide sliding seat body.
  • Figure 10 is a longitudinal guide slide assembly using an annular oblique bending spring installed in the guide slide seat body, the longitudinal sliding upper block has an upper groove, the longitudinal guide sliding lower block has a lower groove, the upper groove and the lower groove are annular Schematic diagram of cross-sectional structure.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of D-D in Fig. 10.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the longitudinal guide sliding group using the annular oblique bending spring installed in the guide sliding seat body, the upper groove on the longitudinal sliding upper block is circular, and the lower groove of the longitudinal guiding lower block is annular .
  • Figure 13 is a schematic sectional view of the longitudinal guide slide assembly using an annular oblique bending spring installed in the guide slide seat, the upper groove on the longitudinal sliding upper block is annular, and the lower groove of the longitudinal guide lower block is circular. .
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a longitudinal guide sliding assembly using an annular oblique bending spring installed in the guide sliding seat body, and the upper groove on the longitudinal sliding upper block and the lower groove on the longitudinal sliding guide lower block are circular.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a longitudinal guide sliding group using a disc spring installed in the guide sliding seat body.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a longitudinal guide sliding upper block with an upper groove, a rubber block and a longitudinal sliding guide lower block with a lower groove installed in the guide sliding seat.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of E-E in Fig. 16.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a longitudinal guide sliding upper block with an upper groove and a rubber block installed in the guide sliding seat.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a longitudinal guide sliding upper block without an upper groove and a rubber block installed in the guide sliding seat body.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic view of the external structure of the front view of the elastic skateboard.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the left side view of FIG. 20.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elastic sliding plate.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the top view of FIG. 21.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the longitudinal guide slider.
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the upper longitudinal guide block.
  • Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the left side view of Fig. 28.
  • Fig. 31 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circular upper groove on the upper longitudinal guide block.
  • Fig. 37 is a schematic view of the external structure of the bottom view of Fig. 34.
  • the lockable anti-rollover bridge support includes a sliding guide body 1, a guide groove, and a longitudinal sliding group; the longitudinal sliding group includes a longitudinal sliding lower plate 3, an annular oblique bending spring 9 and a longitudinal sliding upper block 7 or including a longitudinal
  • the sliding lower plate 3, the disc spring 11 and the longitudinal sliding upper block 7; the longitudinal sliding group and the guide sliding seat body 1 and the guide sliding groove can be matched in the following twelve ways.
  • a longitudinal sliding group consisting of a longitudinal sliding guide lower block 8, a disc spring 10 and a longitudinal sliding upper block 7.
  • the longitudinal guide sliding lower block 8 has no annular groove and the longitudinal sliding upper block 7 has an annular groove;
  • the technical solutions are as follows: In the guide chute, a longitudinal sliding group consisting of a longitudinally sliding lower plate 3, a disc spring 10 and a longitudinally sliding upper block 7 is installed in the guide chute. The upper surface of the longitudinally sliding upper block 7 installed in the guide chute is high.
  • the longitudinal sliding group and the guide chute have the following five types of coordination.
  • a rubber block 11 is installed between the upper groove 19 on the lower surface of the longitudinally sliding upper block 7 and the upper surface of the longitudinally sliding lower block 8.
  • the sliding guide block 16 of the longitudinally sliding upper block 7 is in the guide chute Between the lower surface of the locking restricting portion 3 and the upper surface of the lower longitudinal guide block 8 , the lower longitudinal guide block 8 slides in the longitudinal direction of the lower surface of the sliding guide block 16 of the upper block 7 and the upper surface of the guide chute bearing part In between, the upper longitudinal sliding block 7 and the lower longitudinal guide sliding block 8 are at the same time between the two lateral limit parts 2 of the guide chute, and the two ends of the vertical sliding guide pin are respectively inserted into the sliding holes of the longitudinal sliding upper block 7 And inserted into the sliding hole of the lower longitudinal guide block 8 to locate the overall linkage between the upper longitudinal slide block 7 and the lower longitudinal guide slide 8 , and drive the upper block 7 and the lower longitudinal guide block 8 to slide in the guide The overall linkage type longitudinal sliding in the groove .
  • the two sides of the sliding guide block 16 of the block 7 do not move up and down; and then the lateral limit part 2 of the convex guide chute in the guide sliding seat body 1 restricts the elastic sliding plate 4 from sliding to both sides/or restricts the longitudinal guide
  • the slider 5 does not slide to both sides/or restricts the longitudinal sliding upper block 7 and the longitudinal sliding guide lower block 8 from sliding to both sides/or restricts the longitudinal sliding upper block 7 from sliding to both sides; thus locking the single support
  • the two sides of the girder body of the viaduct supporting the girder body do not swing up and down, and then the girder body of the viaduct that locks the single pier and single support girder body will not roll over to any side.
  • the toroidal surface elastically stretches, so that the deformed annular oblique spring 9 bears the weight of the beam and the truck; the disc spring 10 absorbs the vibration and shock transmitted from the disc spring 10 outward from the taper hole 26 of the disc spring 10
  • the circular surface produces slight elastic fluctuations up and down, so as to eliminate the vibration and vibration generated on the bridge deck of the viaduct when the truck passes; when the disc spring 10 bears the gravity transmitted from it, the gravity is from the cone surface of the disc spring 10
  • the end is pressed to the small end of the taper and then shrinks so that the deformed disc spring 10 bears the gravity of the beam and the truck; 3.
  • the beam body is then transferred to the upper longitudinal sliding block 7, and the upper longitudinal sliding block 7 is then transferred to the rubber block 11.
  • the rubber block 11 eliminates vibration and vibration and transmits gravity directly to the load-bearing part of the sliding guide body 1, or glue After the block eliminates the vibration and shock, the gravity is transmitted to the lower longitudinal guide block 8, and then transferred to the load-bearing part of the guide slide body 1.
  • the rubber block 11 absorbs the vibration and shock from the center of the rubber block 11 Slight elastic fluctuations are generated around the outer edge to eliminate the vibrations and vibrations caused to the bridge deck of the viaduct when the truck passes; when the rubber block 11 bears the gravity transmitted from it, the gravity presses down from the top of the rubber block 11
  • the rubber block 11 is deformed laterally to form the rubber block 11 elastically extending from the center to the outer edge, so that the deformed rubber block 11 bears the weight of the beam and the truck.
  • the beam body shrinks or stretches as the temperature changes, driving the elastic sliding plate 4 to move longitudinally in the guide sliding groove in the sliding guide body 1/or driving the longitudinal guide sliding block 5 in the sliding guide body 1
  • the upper surface of the wave-shaped curved elastic plate 6 installed in the guide chute moves longitudinally/or drives the longitudinal guide slide group to move longitudinally in the guide chute in the guide slide base 1, to eliminate the beam body when the beam body shrinks or stretches.
  • the pulling force or thrust between the bridge piers can make the bridge piers not offset and skew.
  • Locking and restricting the sliding guide parts on both sides of the elastic sliding plate 4 or the sliding guide blocks 16 on both sides of the longitudinal guide block 5 or the sliding guide blocks 16 on both sides of the longitudinal sliding upper block 7 through the guide chute and the locking restriction part 3 are not up and down Move to realize that the two sides of the locking beam will not swing up and down and the beam will not roll over; the guide chute and the lateral limit part 2 restrict the elastic sliding plate 4 or the longitudinal guide slider 5 or the longitudinal sliding upper block 7 Slide to both sides to limit the sliding on both sides of the beam body without lateral sliding of the beam body; by limiting the lateral sliding of the beam body and locking the beam body from swinging up and down, to ensure that it is fixed on the locked anti-rollover bridge The anti-rollover ability and load-bearing stability of the beam on the support under unilateral load-bearing.
  • the elastic wave generated in the direction, or the elastic wave generated from the center of the rubber block to the periphery of the outer edge through the elastic deformation of the rubber block can absorb the vibration and shock when the vehicle passes;
  • the lateral limit part of the guide sliding seat body restricts the elastic sliding plate from moving Sliding on both sides or restricting the longitudinal guide slider from sliding to both sides, so that the beam body is always kept on the top of the lock type anti-rollover bridge support without lateral displacement; 7.
  • the lock is made of metal elastic material
  • the damping element of the anti-rollover bridge support replaces the traditional rubber damping element, which increases the anti-vibration strength of the damping element, prolongs the life of the damping element, and then extends the lock-type anti-rollover bridge support The service life of the curved plate; 8.
  • the curved plate When the curved body of the curved plate bears gravity, the curved plate is deformed in the direction of the curved surface to realize the elastic function of the curved plate; when the wave-shaped curved elastic plate bears gravity, it passes through the corrugated curved surface. Produced in the direction
  • the arc deformation of the wavy curved surface elastic plate has the elastic function of the spring; when the annular oblique bending spring and the disc spring bear gravity, the annular oblique bending spring and the disc spring are realized by the taper deformation produced in the axial direction of the center of the circle. It has the elastic function of the spring; makes the structure of the large spring simple and easy to manufacture; 9.
  • the safety factor of the traditional bearing against rollover is only 40-50% of the bearing capacity of the bearing, and the safety factor for preventing rollover is traditional
  • the lockable anti-rollover bridge support with tens to hundreds of times the bearing capacity of the bearing has significantly improved the anti-rollover ability of the viaduct with a single pier and single bearing supporting the beam body, and has improved the single pier single

Abstract

一种防侧翻锁固式支座，包括由横向限位部分（2）、锁定限制部分（3）和承载部分组成的导滑座体（1），与被横向限位部分（2）和锁定限制部分（3）锁定和限制的弹性滑板（4）/或纵向导滑块（5）和波浪式曲面弹性板（6）/或纵向导滑下块（8）、环形斜折弹簧（9）和纵向滑动上块（7）组成的纵向滑动组/或纵向导滑下块（8）、碟形弹簧（10）和纵向滑动上块（7）组成的纵向滑动组/或纵向导滑下块（8）、橡胶块（11）和纵向滑动上块（7）组成的纵向滑动组或/纵向滑动上块（7）和橡胶块（11）组成的纵向滑动组配合，来实现支座的导滑座体（1）内安装部件的两侧滑动部分在导滑槽内不上下移动和不向两侧滑动，而实现锁定独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体的两边不上下摆动，继而锁定独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体不会向任何一边侧翻。

Description

锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座 技术领域
本发明涉及高架桥技术领域中的一种锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座。
 背景技术
高速路、城市立交的建设耗资巨大，特别是高架桥的桥墩的建造成本高。为了在受建设地理位置限制和节约土地使用的情况下节省建造成本，根据施工单位的要求，很多设计单位将很多桥墩设计为独墩单支座的支撑型式；独墩支撑的桥墩之间用一个桥墩上采用固定式支座来支撑与多个桥墩上采用全浮式的活动支座支撑相结合的组合支撑，来使盖梁（横向支撑梁体的横向梁）与梁体（纵向的梁体）之间在遇到热胀冷缩时，能够自动调整结合处的配合位置。而高架桥上连续行驶的载重汽车的总体载荷有超过设计载荷过多的现象，超过设计载荷过多往往是引起高架桥扭转倾覆的主要原因，扭转倾覆造成了很多高架桥的侧翻事故。
多墩多支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体在承载连续单边通过的载重汽车时，支撑梁体的稳定性最好，但，建造成本最高。独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的建造成本最低，但，独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体在承载连续单边通过的载重汽车时，支撑梁体的稳定性最差，最容易造成高架桥的梁体侧翻。而施工单位为了降低建造成本，往往又要求设计单位将大多数的多墩设计为独墩。
独墩支撑的桥墩之间用一个桥墩上采用固定式支座来支撑与多个桥墩上采用全浮式的活动支座支撑相结合的组合支撑，来使盖梁（横向支撑梁体的横向梁）与梁体（纵向的梁体，也称为箱梁）之间在遇到热胀冷缩时，能够自动调整结合处的配合位置。
独墩支撑的桥墩又有边柱墩和中间墩两种，边柱墩设有盖梁，中间墩绝大多数没有设置盖梁；边柱墩的高架桥的盖梁与梁体之间采用的是固定式支座来进行支撑，采用没有设置盖梁的中间墩的高架桥的梁体与桥墩上端之间、和采用没有设置盖梁的中间墩的高架桥的盖梁与桥墩上端之间全浮式支座来进行支撑。
支座的作用是把上部结构的各种荷载传递到墩或台上，并能够适应载荷、温度变化、混凝土收缩徐变等因素所产生的变位（位移和转角），使上下部结构的实际受力情况符合设计计算模型。
固定支座是通过预置在盖梁中和支座垫石中的锚固螺栓将支座的下支座板与盖梁和支座垫石固定在一起，并通过锚固螺栓将预置在梁体中的梁底预埋钢板把支座的上支座板与梁体固定在一起，让支座承受上面的梁体和过往车辆的载荷，而中间支座部分在上支座板和下支座板之间采用叠放的型式而没有把上支座板、中间支座部分和下支座板进行锁固式连接。全浮式支座是将支座放置在通过支座下钢板固定在盖梁的支座垫石上面或将支座放置在通过锚固螺栓把支座下钢板固定在桥墩上端的支座垫石上面，并通过锚固螺栓将预置在梁体中的梁底预埋钢板把支座上钢板与梁体固定在一起，让支座上钢板压在全浮式支座上承受上面的梁体和过往车辆的重量，而支座上钢板并没有与全浮式支座进行锁固式连接。
目前，高速公路的高架桥主要使用的是板式橡胶支座和盆式橡胶支座。 盆式橡胶支座分固定支座与活动支座，活动支座又分为多向活动支座和纵向活动支座；活动盆式橡胶支座由上支座板、聚四氟乙烯板、承压橡胶块、橡胶密封圈、中间支座板、钢紧箍圈、下支座板以及上下支座连接板组成；组合上、中支座板构造或利用上下支座连接板即可形成固定支座。
而固定支座和全浮式的活动支座都是采用没有进行限位固定的上下连接的整体式座体或采用没有进行限位固定的上下组合式整体座体，并没有锁定不向梁体的侧向两边偏移的锁固装置和没有锁定上支座板与下支座板之间的锁固装置。继而会导致在高架桥的左右梁体上承载不均时容易发生高架桥的梁体侧翻。
板式橡胶支座有矩形和圆形，无固定和活动支座之分；采用薄钢板或钢丝网作为加劲层以提高支座的竖向承载能力；通过不均匀弹性压缩实现转动，通过剪切变形实现水平位移。采用锚固螺栓把支座下钢板固定在盖梁和支座垫石上面或将支座放置在通过锚固螺栓把支座下钢板固定在桥墩上端的支座垫石上面，并通过锚固螺栓将预置在梁体中的梁底预埋钢板把支座上钢板与梁体固定在一起，让支座上钢板压在全浮式支座上承受上面的梁体和过往车辆的重量。
而板式橡胶支座都是采用支座放置在支座下钢板上、让支座钢上板放置在支座上，并没有锁定不向梁体的侧向两边偏移的锁固装置和没有锁定支座上钢板与支座下钢板之间的锁固装置。继而会导致在高架桥的左右梁体上承载不均时容易发生支座脱空，进而导致高架桥的梁体侧翻。
加上，传统的支座在选配时，一般不必过多担心支座的安全储备，比如计算得到一个支座的最大反力为4100，最小反力为3700，那就选用承载力为4000的支座，这是因为4000支座的允许支反力变化范围是3200～4200，不能从更安全的角度考虑加大支座的承载力而选用5000的支座。因为5000支座最低合适的承载力是4000，而最小支反力3700已小于此值，故不适宜选用。
再加上，频繁的高架桥的梁体侧翻的安全事故，造成了巨大的经济损失和财产损毁；而采取的补救措施是：增加高架桥的横向的桥墩的数量，补救增加的桥墩的建造成本极高。
因此，由以上背景技术可见，高架桥所使用的传统支座只有支撑梁体的载荷的功能和能力，根本没有防侧翻的功能和能力。
目前的现有技术，也有专利号为CN2015105183408的一种桥梁抗倾覆支座及其施工方法，但其是将整个支座与梁体和盖梁通过螺杆固定连接在一起，虽然能够防止高架桥的梁体侧翻，但梁体在支座上不能够前后滑动和不能够适应梁体的热胀冷缩造成的伸长和收缩，而使梁体容易把桥墩拉斜或推歪，继而使支座不能够实际应用到高架桥的建设中。还有专利号为CN2016104866163的桥梁抗倾覆支座，但其是在地震时防止梁体的倾覆，通过三个板之间彼此交叉设置的插接板进行接触配合，在插接板和三个板之间为圆柱滚子配合，提高抗震效能的灵敏度；两两相邻的插接板之间通过间隔设置的刹车片进行配合，在地震发生时，将地震的水平力的振幅进行分解为高频低幅的振动，提高了抗震性能；但并没有限制三个板之间不能够上下移动和梁体的横向移动，没有防止高架桥的梁体侧翻的功能。也还有专利号为CN2017102968862的一种曲线梁桥抗倾覆支座，但其是通过旋转套筒上端面一侧中部铰接固定有连接杆，两根连接杆8在两支座主体中间位置铰接，铰接固定在两组支座主体旋转套筒上的连接杆8分别在两组旋转套筒的前方和后方；通过支座主体承受梁体在偏载作用下向下的压力，使得该侧旋转轴承带着旋转套筒一起发生向下的位移，下压的旋转套筒使得虎牙在套筒内壁滑动轨道内向上运动，该侧旋转套筒3在虎牙5作用于滑动轨道9上的反力作用下绕旋转轴承发生转动，进而带动旋转套筒3上连接杆8转动，再通过铰接的两连接杆将力传递至另一侧支座的旋转套筒上，使得另一侧旋转套筒绕该侧旋转轴承4发生螺旋向上的转动，转动力使得旋转抽成对该侧梁体产生向下的拉力，对偏载产生的扭矩进行抵抗；而其本身没有限制和固定支座不能够上下移动，没有防止高架桥的梁体侧翻的功能。也还有专利号为CN2017202109525的一种基于结构自平衡的独柱墩桥梁抗倾覆装置，但其是通过传力杆件、滑轮和强力钢丝绳来传递、转换、改变力的方向，将原本作用在单侧的偏载力传递到另外一侧，使得桥梁两侧受力均衡；其并不能够锁定梁体不能够横向移动和上下移动，没有防止高架桥的梁体侧翻的功能。
为了消除现有技术中的技术缺陷和消除独墩单支座支撑的高架桥带来的安全隐患，我们通过多年的研究和实践，设计出了能够最大限度防止独墩支撑的高架桥的梁体侧翻的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座。
 技术问题
一、传统的独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的支座在承受单边重力时，防侧翻的安全系数只有支座的承载力的40-50%，根本不具备防侧翻的能力；二、传统的桥梁支座把桥梁与桥墩连接在一起时，与桥梁支座连接的梁体能够向桥梁的两侧移动，而使传统的桥梁支座不具备防侧翻的能力；三、传统的桥梁支座把桥梁与桥墩连接在一起不能实现桥梁的横向方向上下摆动的锁固，而使传统的桥梁支座不具备防侧翻的能力。
本发明，一、解决了：传统的独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的支座在承受单边重力时，防侧翻的安全系数只有桥梁支座的承载力的40-50%，根本不具备防侧翻的能力的技术问题；二、解决了：传统的桥梁支座把桥梁与桥墩连接在一起时，与桥梁支座连接的梁体能够向桥梁的两侧移动的技术问题；三、解决了：传统的桥梁支座把桥梁与桥墩连接在一起不能实现桥梁的横向方向上下摆动的锁定的技术问题；四、实现了：桥梁支座把桥梁与桥墩连接在一起后，锁定和限制了桥梁的两侧不能上下摆动，并限制了桥梁的梁体不能向桥梁的两侧滑动，从而有效防止了独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体侧翻。
 技术解决方案
本发明的目的是提供了一种：在不需要考虑传统支座的最大反力与最小反力变化范围的基础上，将桥梁支座防侧翻的安全系数提高到了传统支座承载力的几十倍至几百倍，在防止侧翻的同时又保证了独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体在温度变化时自动适应高架桥的热胀冷缩造成的前后滑移，有效防止了独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体侧翻。
为实现上述目的，本发明所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括导滑槽、横向限位部分、锁定限制部分、承载部分、导向滑动部分、弹性减震部分、梁体支撑部分。
导滑座体包括横向限位部分、锁定限制部分和承载部分；在导滑座体的上面一面开设长开口，长开口与导滑座体的内部空腔结合成为导滑槽；采用导滑槽的长开口处两边的平折部分来作为锁定限制部分，采用导滑槽的长开口处的平折部分下面的竖向部分来作为横向限位部分。
导向滑动部分包括导滑槽、弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分、纵向导滑块两侧的滑动引导块、纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块。
弹性减震部分包括弹性滑板的弧形板部分、波浪式曲面弹性板、环形斜折弹簧、碟形弹簧、橡胶块。
梁体支撑部分包括导滑座体、弹性滑板、纵向导滑块、纵向滑动上板、纵向滑动下板。
承载部分是导滑座体的底部的导滑槽部分。
通过导滑槽与锁定限制部分来锁定和限制导向滑动部分的弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分或纵向导滑块两侧的滑动引导块或纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块不上下移动，来实现锁定梁体的两边不会上下摆动而不会发生梁体侧翻；通过导滑槽与横向限位部分来限制导向滑动部分的弹性滑板或纵向导滑块或纵向滑动上块不向两侧滑动，来实现限制梁体的两侧滑动而不会发生梁体横向滑移。
所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括四种结构方式：一、包括导滑座体、导滑槽、弧形板和直面板或曲面板组成的弹性滑板、弹性滑板上的导滑部分；二、包括导滑座体、导滑槽、波浪式曲面弹性板、纵向导滑块；三、包括导滑座体、导滑槽、纵向滑动下板、环形斜折弹簧和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组/或纵向滑动下板、碟形弹簧和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组；四、包括导滑座体、导滑槽、纵向滑动下板、橡胶块和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组/或包括导滑座体、导滑槽、纵向滑动上板和橡胶块组成的纵向滑动组。
在矩形管体式的导滑座体的上面一面开有长开口而使导滑座体上的导滑槽的横截面呈凸字形。
在导滑槽内安装有弹性滑板，弹性滑板的弧形板的顶部高于导滑座体的上端，弹性滑板的导滑部分比弧形板宽，导滑部分在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面与导滑槽的承载部分之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间。
或者，在导滑槽内安装有波浪式曲面弹性板和纵向导滑块，波浪式曲面弹性板在纵向导滑块的下面，纵向导滑块的上面一面高于导滑座体的上端；纵向导滑块的滑动引导块比上凸台宽，滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面与波浪式曲面弹性板的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，波浪式曲面弹性板下面一面的中部通过螺栓固定在导滑座体的导滑槽的中部或波浪式曲面弹性板上面一面的中部通过螺栓固定在滑动引导块的纵向导滑块的中部。
或者，在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板、环形斜折弹簧和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组或在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板、碟形弹簧和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组，或者，在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板、橡胶块和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组或在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动上板和橡胶块组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块的上面一面高于导滑座体的上端，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块比上凸台宽； 在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内和纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽内安装有环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内和纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽内安装有橡胶块，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面与纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽内之间安装有橡胶块，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内与纵向导滑下块的上面一面之间安装有橡胶块，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内和导滑座体的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面和导滑座体的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块； 纵向滑动上块在纵向导滑下块的上面，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面被限制和锁定不能够向上移动，纵向导滑下块在导滑槽的承载部分的上面被限制和锁定不能够向下移动，纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间被限定不能够横向移动，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动；或者，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面、橡胶块在导滑槽承载部分的上面一面而使纵向滑动上块被限制和锁定不能够向上下移动，纵向滑动上块和橡胶块在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间而使纵向滑动上块被限定不能够横向移动，通过橡胶块与纵向滑动上块的下面一面和导滑槽的底部接触产生的摩擦来进行接触面定位，再通过橡胶块的变形韧性和弹性变形来使纵向滑动上块在导滑槽中的只能够纵向滑动。
实际使用时，橡胶块与导滑座体的导滑槽配合的纵向滑动组的组件有五种配合型式：一、在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内和纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽内安装有橡胶块，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面与纵向导滑下块的上面一面之间，纵向导滑下块在纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块之间的整体联动、和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动；二、在纵向滑动上块的下面一面与纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽内之间安装有橡胶块，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面与纵向导滑下块的上面一面之间，纵向导滑下块在纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块之间的整体联动、和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动；三、在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内与纵向导滑下块的上面一面之间安装有橡胶块，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面与纵向导滑下块的上面一面之间，纵向导滑下块在纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块之间的整体联动、和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动；四、在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内和导滑座体的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面与橡胶块的上面一面之间，橡胶块在纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的下面一面的上凹槽与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块和橡胶块同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，通过橡胶块与纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽和导滑槽的底部接触产生的摩擦来进行接触面定位，再通过橡胶块的变形韧性和弹性变形来使纵向滑动上块在导滑槽中的只能够纵向滑动；五、在纵向滑动上块的下面一面和导滑座体的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面与橡胶块的上面一面之间，橡胶块在纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块和橡胶块同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，通过橡胶块与纵向滑动上块的下面一面和导滑槽的底部接触产生的摩擦来进行接触面定位，再通过橡胶块的变形韧性和弹性变形来使纵向滑动上块在导滑槽中的只能够纵向滑动。
弹性滑板的弧形板通过锚固螺栓穿过支座上钢板后与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板一起把梁体与弹性滑板固定在一起/或通过锚固螺栓与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板把梁体与弹性滑板固定在一起，或者，纵向导滑块通过锚固螺栓穿过支座上钢板后与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板一起把梁体与纵向导滑块固定在一起/或通过锚固螺栓与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板把梁体与纵向导滑块固定在一起；导滑座体通过锚固螺栓穿过支座下钢板后与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石中预埋的螺套把导滑座体与盖/梁或桥墩上端及其上的支座垫石与导滑座体固定在一起，或者，通过锚固螺栓与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石中预埋的螺套把导滑座体与盖梁/或桥墩上端及其上的支座垫石与导滑座体固定在一起。
纵向滑动上块通过锚固螺栓穿过支座上钢板后与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板一起把梁体与纵向滑动上块固定在一起；导滑座体通过锚固螺栓穿过支座下钢板后与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石中预埋的螺套把导滑座体与盖梁或桥墩上端及其上的支座垫石与导滑座体固定在一起，或者，通过锚固螺栓与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石中预埋的螺套把导滑座体与盖梁或桥墩上端及其上的支座垫石与导滑座体固定在一起。
纵向滑动上块通过锚固螺栓穿过支座上钢板后与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板一起把梁体与纵向滑动上块固定在一起；导滑座体通过锚固螺栓穿过支座下钢板后与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石中预埋的螺套把导滑座体与盖梁或桥墩上端及其上的支座垫石与导滑座体固定在一起，或者，通过锚固螺栓与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石中预埋的螺套把导滑座体与盖梁或桥墩上端及其上的支座垫石与导滑座体固定在一起。
通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的长开口处两边的锁定限制部分来锁定和限制弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分/或纵向导滑块的滑动引导块的两侧不上下移动，再通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的横向限位部分来限制弹性滑板或纵向导滑块不向两侧滑动；或者，通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的长开口处两边的锁定限制部分来锁定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的两侧和纵向导滑下块的两侧不上下移动，再通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的横向限位部分来限制纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块不向两侧滑动；或者，通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的长开口处两边的锁定限制部分来锁定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的两侧和纵向导滑下块的两侧不上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的两侧不上下移动，再通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的横向限位部分来限制纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向滑动上块不向两侧滑动；从而实现锁定独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体的两边不上下摆动，继而达到锁定独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体不会向任何一边侧翻。
所述的导滑座体是矩形管体式的上面一面有长开口的座体，矩形管体式的上面一面的长开口把导滑座体的内部和开口处结合成为凸字形的导滑槽；导滑槽的长开口处两边的平折部分是锁定限制部分，导滑槽的长开口处的平折部分下面的竖向部分是横向限位部分，导滑槽的平折部分下面的横向部分是承载部分；在导滑座体的承载部分上设有让锚固螺栓穿过的螺孔，并在螺孔的承载部分的上面一面上设有容纳锚固螺栓头或螺帽的沉孔，安装好的锚固螺栓头或螺帽在沉孔内不露出导滑槽。
通过导滑槽与锁定限制部分来锁定和限制弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分或纵向导滑块两侧的滑动引导块不上下移动，通过导滑座体的横向限位部分来限制弹性滑板或纵向导滑块不向两侧滑动，通过导滑座体的承载部分来承载弹性滑板及其上所承受的所有重力/或波浪式曲面弹性板和纵向导滑块及纵向导滑块上所承受的所有重力；或者，通过导滑槽与锁定限制部分来锁定和限制纵向滑动上块两侧的滑动引导块不上下移动，通过导滑座体的横向限位部分来限制纵向滑动上块不向两侧滑动，通过导滑座体的承载部分来承载纵向滑动上块和纵向滑动上块上所承受的所有重力；或者，通过导滑槽与锁定限制部分来锁定和限制纵向滑动上块两侧的滑动引导块不上下移动；通过导滑座体的横向限位部分来限制纵向滑动上块不向两侧滑动；通过导滑座体的承载部分来承载纵向滑动上块和纵向滑动上块上所承受的所有重力。
所述的弹性滑板的中间部分为带有弧形的弧形板、两端为直面板或曲面板；弧形板的上面一面是上弧面、下面一面是下弧面；在弹性滑板的弧形板部分上设有让锚固螺栓穿过的螺孔，并在螺孔的下弧面上设有容纳锚固螺栓头或螺帽的沉孔，安装好的锚固螺栓头或螺帽在沉孔内不露出下弧面；在弹性滑板上有导滑部分，导滑部分是直面板或曲面板比弧形板宽的部分，导滑部分在导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动和不能向两侧移动。
所述的纵向导滑块是上部或中部和上部的两侧有纵向缺的横截面的外形为凸字形的块状体；在纵向导滑块上有上凸台和滑动引导块两部分，滑动引导块的侧向宽度比上凸台的侧向宽度宽，上凸台在滑动引导块的上面与滑动引导块是一个整体或一个组合整体；滑动引导块在导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动和不能向两侧移动；在纵向导滑块上有让锚固螺栓穿过的螺孔，并在纵向导滑块的滑动引导块的下面一面的螺孔上设有容纳锚固螺栓头或螺帽的沉孔，安装好的锚固螺栓头或螺帽在沉孔内不露出纵向导滑块的下面一面。
所述的波浪式曲面弹性板是上下两面都带有凹凸的连续波浪形的波纹槽的曲面板，安装在导滑槽内时的波纹槽的浪槽横向贯通两侧的端部或纵向贯通两端的端部；在波浪式曲面弹性板承受梁体上传来的压力时弹性伸张，在波浪式曲面弹性板承受梁体上传来的压力减小时弹性收缩。
所述的纵向滑动上块是上部或中部和上部的两侧有纵向缺的凸字形的块状体，在块状体的下面一面有或没有向上凹陷的上凹槽；纵向滑动上块包括上凸台和滑动引导块两部分，滑动引导块的侧向宽度比上凸台的侧向宽度宽，滑动引导块在导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动和不能向两侧移动；上凸台在滑动引导块的上面与滑动引导块是一个整体或一个组合整体；在上凹槽以外的滑动引导块上或在与下凹槽对应的位置以外的滑动引导块上有或没有让立柱导滑销插入的滑动孔；在纵向滑动上块上有让锚固螺栓穿过的螺孔，并在纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的下面一面的螺孔上设有容纳锚固螺栓头或螺帽的沉孔，安装好的锚固螺栓头或螺帽在沉孔内不露出纵向滑动上块的下面一面。
所述的纵向导滑下块是上面一面有或没有下凹槽的矩形块状体，在下凹槽以外的矩形块状体上或在与上凹槽对应的位置以外的矩形块状体上有或没有让立柱导滑销插入的滑动孔；纵向导滑下块上的滑动孔与纵向滑动上块的下面一面上的滑动孔的位置对应相通。
所述的环形斜折弹簧是中部为有较大锥度的管环形体的、上部是与中部的管环形体大端连接的平面式的上环形体的、下部是与中部的管环形体的小端连接的平面式的下环形体的、下部的中间有圆孔的斜折式的弹簧；在环形斜折弹簧承受梁体上传来的压力时，环形斜折弹簧的中部的有锥度的管环形体小端向管环形体大端内缩进而形成弹性收缩、下环形体向圆孔内弹性收缩、上环形体向外环面弹性伸张；在环形斜折弹簧承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，环形斜折弹簧的中部的有锥度的管环形体大端向管环形体小端弹性伸张、下环形体向锥度环的小端的外环面弹性伸张、上环形体向有锥度的管环形体大端锥度孔内弹性收缩。
所述的碟形弹簧外形为碟形、碟形的中部有锥度圆孔、有内锥面和外锥面的弹簧，碟形弹簧包括单碟弹簧或叠合组合碟形弹簧或对合组合碟形弹簧或复合组合碟形弹簧；在碟形弹簧承受梁体上传来的压力时，压力从碟形弹簧的外锥面压向内锥面而使碟形弹簧的锥度减小形成弹性收缩；在碟形弹簧承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，从碟形弹簧的外锥面压向内锥面的压力减小而使碟形弹簧的锥度减增大形成弹性伸张。
所述的橡胶块是弧形块状体或矩形块块状体或弧线与线段组成的异形块状体，是采用传统的桥梁板式橡胶支座的橡胶体部分或桥梁盆式橡胶支座的橡胶体板体部分；在橡胶块承受梁体上传来的压力时，橡胶块的中部向外和四周均匀弹性扩张；在橡胶块承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，橡胶块的外缘向中部弹性收缩。
凹槽包括上凹槽和下凹槽，纵向滑动上块上的凹槽是上凹槽，纵向导滑下块上的凹槽是下凹槽；所述的凹槽是弧形槽或方形槽或弧形与线段组成的异形槽，或者，是弧形环槽或方形环槽或弧形与线段组成的异形环槽，凹槽的形状根据环形斜折弹簧的形状来进行设置或根据碟形弹簧的形状来进行设置或根据橡胶块的形状来进行设置；在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块上同时有凹槽而形成双面凹槽，或者，只在纵向滑动上块或纵向导滑下块上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽；在纵向滑动上块与环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧或橡胶块和纵向导滑下块配合而组合成为纵向滑动组时，在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块上同时有凹槽而形成双面凹槽，或者，只在纵向滑动上块或纵向导滑下块上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽；在纵向滑动上块与橡胶块配合而组合成为纵向滑动组时，只在纵向滑动上块上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽，或者，在纵向滑动上块上没有凹槽。
在纵向滑动上块与环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧或橡胶块和纵向导滑下块配合而组合成为纵向滑动组时，在上凹槽以外的滑动引导块上有或没有让立柱导滑销插入的滑动孔；在纵向滑动上块只与橡胶块配合而组合成为纵向滑动组时，在上凹槽以外的滑动引导块上可以不设置让立柱导滑销插入的滑动孔。
所述的横向指的是梁体的横截面的方向和导滑槽的横截面的方向及盖梁的顺方向，所述的纵向指的是梁体的方向和导滑槽的槽口方向；上与下是相对的，导滑座体的安装位置与弹性滑板的安装位置也是相对的，都可以互换；导滑座体的安装位置与波浪式曲面弹性板和纵向导滑块的安装位置也是相对的，导滑座体与波浪式曲面弹性板和纵向导滑块之间的上下的安装位置可以互换；碟形弹簧的上与下是相对的、安装位置可以互换，环形斜折弹簧的上部与下部是相对的、安装位置可以互换，导滑座体的安装位置与纵向滑动组的安装位置也是相对的、安装位置可以互换。
所述的导滑座体、弹性滑板、纵向导滑块、波浪式曲面弹性板、纵向滑动上块、纵向导滑下块、碟形弹簧、环形斜折弹簧在制造时，可以将外形轮廓处和内腔的轮廓处进行倒角或圆角处理。
为了便于导滑座体的安装和制造，所述的导滑座体可以将导滑座体的横向限位部分、锁定限制部分和承载部分进行分开制造后再组合在一起行船一个整体，也可以将导滑座体的横向限位部分和锁定限制部分与导滑座体的承载部分分开制造后再组合成为一个整体，也还可以将导滑座体的锁定限制部分与导滑座体的横向限位部分和承载部分分开制造后再组合成为一个整体，也还可以将导滑座体的锁定限制部分和横向限位部分的上面部分与导滑座体的横向限位部分下面部分和承载部分分开制造后再组合成为一个整体。
为了在受到梁体的热胀冷缩带来的伸缩时能够推动弹性滑板和纵向导滑块或能够推动纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽内顺利的前后滑动，在导滑槽内设有加入润滑剂的润滑槽，或者，在弹性滑板的导滑部分上设有加入润滑剂的润滑槽，或者，在纵向导滑下块的下面一面、纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块的两侧面设有加入润滑剂的润滑槽；采用润滑剂来润滑弹性滑板与导滑槽的接触部分，或者，采用润滑剂来润纵向导滑下块和纵向滑动上块与导滑座体的导滑槽的接触部分；所述的润滑剂优先采用石墨润滑剂，其次采用石墨锂基脂。
在波浪式曲面弹性板上面一面和下面一面的波纹槽内加入润滑剂，采用润滑剂来润纵向导滑块的下面一面与波浪式曲面弹性板的接触部分和波浪式曲面弹性板与导滑座体的导滑槽底部的接触部分。
为了增加弹性滑板、波浪式曲面弹性板和纵向导滑块在导滑槽内的纵向滑动性能或纵向导滑上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽内的纵向滑动性能，将弹性滑板与导滑槽接触的部分进行研磨抛光成为光滑的接触面，将纵向导滑块与导滑槽接触的部分、纵向导滑块与波浪式曲面弹性板接触的部分和纵向导滑块与波浪式曲面弹性板接触的部分进行研磨抛光成为光滑的接触面，来增加弹性滑板、波浪式曲面弹性板和纵向导滑块在导滑槽内的纵向滑动性能；将纵向导滑上块和纵向导滑下块与导滑槽接触的部分进行研磨抛光成为光滑的接触面，来增加纵向导滑上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽内的纵向滑动性能；从而保证梁体在温度变化时产生的热胀冷缩造成的伸长或缩短对桥墩之间不产生过大的拉力或推力，继而保证桥墩的独立支撑。
为了使锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座在承受梁体及梁体上的承载重力时有减震的效果，弹性滑板的弧形板部分采用具有弹性的弹簧钢制造，并将弧形板部分制造成为拱弧形而使弹性滑板具有弹性伸张和弹性收缩的功能；波浪式曲面弹性板采用具有弹性的弹簧钢制造，并将波浪式曲面弹性板制造成为带有凹凸的连续波浪形的波纹槽的曲面板而使波浪式曲面弹性板具有弹性伸张和弹性收缩的功能；环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧采用具有弹性的弹簧钢制造，并将环形斜折弹簧的中部制造成为有较大锥度的管环形体、上部制造成为与中部有锥度的管环形体大端连接的平面式的上环形体、下部制造成为与中部有锥度的管环形体小端连接的平面式的下环形体、在下部的中间制造有圆孔，将碟形弹簧制造成为有内锥面和外锥面、外形制造成为碟形、在碟形的中部制造有锥度圆孔，而使环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧具有弹性伸张和弹性收缩的功能；橡胶块采用具有弹性收缩和弹性变形控制扩张功能的橡胶制造，而使橡胶块具有弹性伸张和弹性收缩的功能。
为消除弹性滑板的弧形板部分在承受上面的重力时弹性伸张和弹性收缩时产生的集中应力，弧形板采用拱扶形的弧形体来消除集中应力和在弧形板部分上设有消除集中应力的螺孔。
为避免波浪式曲面弹性板、橡胶块、环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在承受上面的重力时产生的应力集中，将波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分平铺在导滑槽下面的承载部分上来让导滑座体的底部分摊受力，将纵向导滑块安装在波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分上来让波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分分摊受力，即是采用二次分摊承载重力的方式来避免波浪式曲面弹性板在承受上面的重力时产生的应力集中；在环形斜折弹簧的平面式的下环形体的中部制造有消除集中应力的圆孔，在碟形弹簧的中部制造有消除集中应力的锥度圆孔；橡胶块的上下两面采用平面或约带弧形面，在承受纵向滑动上块传递的压力时与纵向滑动上块充分接触而使橡胶块均匀受力来消除集中应力。
为了防止灰尘进入导滑座体的导滑槽内加速弹性滑板与导滑槽之间的磨损或加速纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块与导滑槽之间的磨损或加速纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块与导滑槽之间的磨损，采用风尘套密封导滑槽的前后端，和采用风尘套密封导滑槽的上面开口部分与弧形板之间的空隙或密封导滑槽的上面开口部分与纵向导滑块的上凸台之间的空隙或密封导滑槽的上面开口部分与纵向滑动上块的上凸台之间的空隙。
 有益效果
从根本上解决了传统的支座对高架桥的梁体的横向稳定性差、不能够防止高架桥的梁体侧翻的技术问题，开创了高架桥使用的支座能够完全防侧翻的先例；集防止独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥侧翻与适应高架桥的热胀冷缩的变化功能于一体，既适用于横向独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥安装使用，又适用于横向双墩和横向多墩的单支座支撑梁体和多支座支撑梁体的高架桥安装使用，还适用于对传统的支座进行替换成为防高架桥侧翻的防侧翻支座安装使用；提高了高架桥的使用安全性和使用稳定性，防止了高架桥的侧翻。
通过弹性滑板的弧形板在曲面方向上产生的弹性波动、和通过波浪式曲面弹性板在波浪曲面方向上产生的弹性波动，或者，通过环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在圆心轴向方向上产生的弹性波动，或者，通过橡胶块的弹性变形而从橡胶块的中心向外缘四周产生的弹性波动，来吸收车辆通过时的振动和震动。
通过弹性滑板的弧形板在曲面方向上产生的弹性伸长和弹性收缩、和通过波浪式曲面弹性板在波浪曲面方向上产生的弹性伸长和弹性收缩，或者，通过环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在圆心轴向方向上产生的弹性伸长和弹性收缩，或者，通过橡胶块在中心向外缘四周产生的弹性伸长和弹性收缩，来适应通过的载重汽车的承载通过的数量和重量的变化。
通过将弧形板设置成为拱扶形的弧形体和在弧形板部分上的螺孔，来减少弹性滑板在承载载荷时产生的集中应力；或者，通过将波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分平铺在导滑槽下面的承载部分上来让导滑座体的底部分摊受力，将纵向导滑块安装在波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分上来让波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分分摊受力，即是采用二次分摊承载重力的方式来避免波浪式曲面弹性板在承受上面的重力时产生的应力集中；或者，通过在环形斜折弹簧的下环形体上设置圆孔和在碟形弹簧上设置锥度孔，来减少环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在承载载荷时产生的集中应力；或者，通过橡胶块的弹性变形而使橡胶块的受力均匀，来避免橡胶块在承载载荷时产生集中应力。
通过导滑座体的锁定限制部分，来锁定和限制弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分和纵向导滑块的滑动引导块不能够上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽内不能够上下移动，从而锁定高架桥的梁体的两边不能够上下摆动，继而锁定横向独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体不会向任何一边侧翻。
通过导滑座体内的横向限位部分，来限制弹性滑板和纵向导滑块不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向导滑块不向两侧滑动，而使梁体始终保持在锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座的上面不发生位置的横向偏移。
采用金属弹性材料制造锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座的减振元件来替代传统的橡胶减振元件，增加了减振元件的抗振强度，延长了减振元件的寿命，继而延长了锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座的使用寿命。
通过润滑剂润滑，而使锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座的使用寿命长，防侧翻锁固能力强。
弧形板的弧形体在承受重力时，通过曲面方向上产生的弧度变形来实现弧形板具有弹簧的弹性功能；波浪式曲面弹性板在承受重力时，通过波纹曲面方向上产生的弧度变形来实现波浪式曲面弹性板具有弹簧的弹性功能；环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在承受重力时，通过在圆心轴向方向上产生的锥度变形来实现环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧具有弹簧的弹性功能；使大型弹簧的结构简洁、便于制造。
将传统支座防侧翻的安全系数只有支座的承载力的40-50%，提高到了防侧翻的安全系数是传统支座承载力的几十倍至几百倍的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，使独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的防侧翻能力得到了显著的提高，提高了独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的承载安全性和载重汽车在高架桥上连续通过的高载荷通过安全性。
 附图说明
图1是导滑座体的导滑槽方向的结构示意图。
图2是图1的A-A的剖视结构示意图。
图3是弹性滑板安装在导滑座体内的外观结构示意图。
图4是图3的剖视结构示意图。
图5是图4的B-B的剖视结构示意图。
图6是纵向导滑块和波浪式曲面弹性板安装在导滑座体内的外观结构示意图。
图7是纵向导滑块和波浪式曲面弹性板安装在导滑座体内的剖视结构示意图。
图8是图7的C-C的剖视结构示意图。
图9是纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块安装在导滑座体内的外观结构示意图。
图10是采用环形斜折弹簧的纵向导滑组安装在导滑座体内，其纵向滑动上块有上凹槽、纵向导滑下块有下凹槽、上凹槽和下凹槽为环形的剖视结构示意图。
图11是图10的D-D的剖视结构示意图。
图12是采用环形斜折弹簧的纵向导滑组安装在导滑座体内，其纵向滑动上块上的上凹槽为圆形、纵向导滑下块的下凹槽为环形的剖视结构示意图。
图13是采用环形斜折弹簧的纵向导滑组安装在导滑座体内，其纵向滑动上块上的上凹槽为环形、纵向导滑下块的下凹槽为圆形的剖视结构示意图。
图14是采用环形斜折弹簧的纵向导滑组安装在导滑座体内，其纵向滑动上块上的上凹槽和纵向导滑下块的下凹槽为圆形的剖视结构示意图。
图15是采用碟形弹簧的纵向导滑组安装在导滑座体内的剖视结构示意图。
图16是采用有上凹槽的纵向导滑上块、橡胶块和下凹槽的纵向导滑下块安装在导滑座体内的剖视结构示意图。
图17是图16的E-E的剖视结构示意图。
图18是采用有上凹槽的纵向导滑上块和橡胶块安装在导滑座体内的剖视结构示意图。
图19是采用没有上凹槽的纵向导滑上块和橡胶块安装在导滑座体内的剖视结构示意图。
图20是弹性滑板的主视图的外观结构示意图。
图21是图20的左视图的外观结构示意图。
图22是弹性滑板的剖视结构示意图。
图23是图21的俯视图的外观结构示意图。
图24是图21的仰视图的外观结构示意图。
图25是纵向导滑块的外观结构示意图。
图26是图25的左视图的外观结构示意图。
图27是图26的俯视图的外观结构示意图。
图28是纵向导滑上块的外观结构示意图。
图29是图28的左视图的外观结构示意图。
图30是纵向导滑上块上有环形上凹槽的剖视结构示意图。
图31是纵向导滑上块上有圆形上凹槽的剖视结构示意图。
图32是图29的俯视图的外观结构示意图。
图33是图30的仰视图的外观结构示意图。
图34是图31的仰视图的外观结构示意图。
图35是纵向导滑下块上有环形下凹槽的剖视结构示意图。
图36是纵向导滑下块上有圆形下凹槽的剖视结构示意图。
图37是图34的仰视图的外观结构示意图。
图38是图35的仰视图的外观结构示意图。
图39是环形斜折弹簧的剖视结构示意图。
图40是碟形弹簧的剖视结构示意图。
图41是图39的俯视图的外观结构示意图。
图42是图40的俯视图的外观结构示意图。
图中所示：导滑座体1、横向限位部分2、锁定限制部分3、弹性滑板4、纵向导滑块5、波浪式曲面弹性板6、纵向滑动上块7、纵向导滑下块8、环形斜折弹簧9、碟形弹簧10、橡胶块11、弧形板12、直面板13、上弧面14、下弧面15、滑动引导块16、上凸台17、纵向缺18、上凹槽19、下凹槽20、圆孔21、管环形体22、下环形体23、锥度孔24、上环形体25、锥度圆孔26、内锥面27、外锥面28。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
导滑座体1采用矩形管体式，在矩形管体的上面一面开设长开口，矩形管体的上面一面的长开口与导滑座体1的内部空腔结合成为凸字形的导滑槽。
采用导滑座体1内的导滑槽的长开口处两边的横向部分作为锁定限制部分3，采用滑座体1内的导滑槽的竖向部分作为横向限位部分； 采用导滑槽、弹性滑板4两侧的导滑部分、纵向导滑块5两侧的滑动引导块16、纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16来作为导向滑动部分； 采用弹性滑板4的弧形板部分、波浪式曲面弹性板6、环形斜折弹簧9、碟形弹簧10、橡胶块11来作为弹性减震部分； 采用导滑座体1、弹性滑板4、纵向导滑块5、纵向滑动上板7、纵向滑动下板8来作为梁体支撑部分。
通过导滑槽与锁定限制部分3来锁定和限制弹性滑板4两侧的导滑部分或纵向导滑块5两侧的滑动引导块16或纵向滑动上块7两侧的滑动引导块16不上下移动，来实现锁定梁体的两边不会上下摆动而不会发生梁体侧翻；  通过导滑槽与横向限位部分2来限制弹性滑板4或纵向导滑块5或纵向滑动上块7不向两侧滑动，来实现限制梁体的两侧滑动而不会发生梁体横向滑移；通过限制梁体横向滑移和锁定梁体不上下移动，来保证固定在锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座上的梁体在单边承载时的抗侧翻的能力和承载稳定性。
 本发明的实施方式
锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括导滑槽、横向限位部分2、锁定限制部分3、承载部分、导向滑动部分、弹性减震部分、梁体支撑部分。
导滑座体1包括横向限位部分2、锁定限制部分3和承载部分；在矩形管体式的导滑座体1的上面一面开设长开口，长开口与导滑座体1的内部空腔结合成为导滑槽，导滑槽的横截面呈凸字形；采用导滑槽的长开口处两边的平折部分来作为锁定限制部分3，采用导滑槽的长开口处的平折部分下面的竖向部分来作为横向限位部分2。
导滑座体1包括横向限位部分2、锁定限制部分3、承载部分； 导向滑动部分包括导滑槽、弹性滑板4两侧的导滑部分、纵向导滑块5两侧的滑动引导块、纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块； 弹性减震部分包括弹性滑板4的弧形板部分、波浪式曲面弹性板6、环形斜折弹簧9、碟形弹10簧、橡胶块11； 梁体支撑部分包括导滑座体1、弹性滑板4、纵向导滑块5、纵向滑动上板7、纵向滑动下板8； 承载部分是导滑座体1的导滑槽的底部部分。
锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括四种结构方式：  一、锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括导滑座体1、导滑槽、弧形板12和直面板13或曲面板组成的弹性滑板4、弹性滑板4上的导滑部分； 在导滑槽内安装有弹性滑板4，弹性滑板4的弧形板12的顶部高于导滑座体1的上端，弹性滑板4的导滑部分比弧形板12宽，导滑部分在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面与导滑槽的承载部分之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间。
二、锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括导滑座体1、导滑槽、波浪式曲面弹性板6、纵向导滑块5； 在导滑槽内安装有波浪式曲面弹性板6和纵向导滑块5，波浪式曲面弹性板6在纵向导滑块5的下面，纵向导滑块5的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；纵向导滑块5的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，滑动引导块16在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面与波浪式曲面弹性板6的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，波浪式曲面弹性板6下面一面的中部通过螺栓固定在导滑座体1的导滑槽的中部或波浪式曲面弹性板6上面一面的中部通过螺栓固定在滑动引导块16的纵向导滑块5的中部。
三、锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括导滑座体1、导滑槽、纵向滑动组；纵向滑动组包括纵向滑动下板3、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7或包括纵向滑动下板3、碟形弹簧11和纵向滑动上块7；纵向滑动组与导滑座体1和导滑槽的配合有以下十二种方式。
（一）由纵向导滑下块8、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8和纵向滑动上块7上采用环形凹槽；技术方案如下：   在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内和纵向导滑下块8的上面一面下凹槽20内安装有环形斜折弹簧9；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（二）由纵向导滑下块8、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8和纵向滑动上块7上采用圆形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内和纵向导滑下块8的上面一面下凹槽20内安装有环形斜折弹簧9；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（三）由纵向导滑下块8、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8和纵向滑动上块7上采用环形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内和纵向导滑下块8的上面一面下凹槽20内安装有碟形弹簧10；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（四）由纵向导滑下块8、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8和纵向滑动上块7上采用圆形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽19内和纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽20内安装有碟形弹簧10；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（五）由纵向导滑下块8、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8上没有环形凹槽和纵向滑动上块7上有环形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面之间安装有环形斜折弹簧9；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（六）由纵向导滑下块8、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8上没有圆形凹槽和纵向滑动上块7上有圆形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面的圆形下凹槽20之间安装有环形斜折弹簧9；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（七）由纵向导滑下块8、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8上有环形凹槽和纵向滑动上块7上没有环形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向导滑下块8的上面一面的环形下凹槽20内与纵向滑动上块7的下面一面之间安装有环形斜折弹簧9；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（八）由纵向导滑下块8、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8上有圆形凹槽和纵向滑动上块7上没有圆形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、环形斜折弹簧9和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向导滑下块8的上面一面与纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19之间安装有环形斜折弹簧9；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（九）由纵向导滑下块8、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8上没有环形凹槽和纵向滑动上块7上有环形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面之间安装有碟形弹簧10；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（十）由纵向导滑下块8、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8上没有圆形凹槽和纵向滑动上块7上有圆形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面之间安装有碟形弹簧10；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（十一）由纵向导滑下块8、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8上有环形凹槽和纵向滑动上块7上有没环形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向导滑下块8的上面一面环形下凹槽20内与纵向滑动上块7的下面一面之间安装有碟形弹簧10；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（十二）由纵向导滑下块8、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，纵向导滑下块8上有圆形凹槽和纵向滑动上块7上没有圆形凹槽；技术方案如下：  在导滑槽在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板3、碟形弹簧10和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端；在纵向导滑下块8的上面一面圆形下凹槽20内和纵向滑动上块7的下面一面之间安装有碟形弹簧10；纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
四、锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括导滑座体1、导滑槽、纵向滑动组，纵向滑动组包括纵向滑动下板、橡胶块11和纵向滑动上块7/或包括纵向滑动上板和橡胶块11；  在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板、橡胶块11和纵向滑动上块7组成的纵向滑动组或在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动上板和橡胶块11组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块7的上面一面高于导滑座体1的上端，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16比上凸台17宽；在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内和纵向导滑下块8的上面一面下凹槽20内安装有橡胶块11，或者，在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面下凹槽20内之间安装有橡胶块11，或者，在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面之间安装有橡胶块11，或者，在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内和导滑座体1的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块11，或者，在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面和导滑座体1的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块11；  纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面之间被限制和锁定不能够向上移动，纵向导滑下块8在纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间被限制和锁定不能够向下移动，纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间被限定不能够横向移动，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块7的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块8的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8之间的整体联动、和带动在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动；或者，纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16在导滑槽的锁定限制部分3的下面一面、橡胶块11在导滑槽承载部分的上面一面而使纵向滑动上块7被限制和锁定不能够向上下移动，纵向滑动上块7和橡胶块11在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分2之间而使纵向滑动上块7被限定不能够横向移动，通过橡胶块11与纵向滑动上块7的下面一面和导滑槽的底部接触产生的摩擦来进行接触面定位，再通过橡胶块11的变形韧性和弹性变形来使纵向滑动上块7在导滑槽中的只能够纵向滑动。  在实际使用时，纵向滑动组的组件与导滑槽的配合有以下五种配合型式。
（一）在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内和纵向导滑下块8的上面一面下凹槽20内安装有橡胶块11， 纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 在导滑槽的锁定限制部分 3 的下面一面与纵向导滑下块 8 的上面一面之间，纵向导滑下块 8 在纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分 2 之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块 8 的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 之间的整体联动、和带动在纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（二）在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面下凹槽20内之间安装有橡胶块11， 纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 在导滑槽的锁定限制部分 3 的下面一面与纵向导滑下块 8 的上面一面之间，纵向导滑下块 8 在纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分 2 之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块 8 的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 之间的整体联动、和带动在纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（三）在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内与纵向导滑下块8的上面一面之间安装有橡胶块11， 纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 在导滑槽的锁定限制部分 3 的下面一面与纵向导滑下块 8 的上面一面之间，纵向导滑下块 8 在纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分 2 之间，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块 8 的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 之间的整体联动、和带动在纵向滑动上块 7 和纵向导滑下块 8 在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动。
（四）在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面的上凹槽19内和导滑座体1的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块11， 纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 在导滑槽的锁定限制部分 3 的下面一面与橡胶块 11 的上面一面之间，橡胶块 11 在纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 的下面一面的上凹槽 19 与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块 7 和橡胶块 11 同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分 2 之间，通过橡胶块 11 与纵向滑动上块 7 的下面一面的上凹槽 19 和导滑槽的底部接触产生的摩擦来进行接触面定位，再通过橡胶块 11 的变形韧性和弹性变形来使纵向滑动上块 7 在导滑槽中的只能够纵向滑动。
（五）在纵向滑动上块7的下面一面和导滑座体1的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块11， 纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 在导滑槽的锁定限制部分 3 的下面一面与橡胶块 11 的上面一面之间，橡胶块 11 在纵向滑动上块 7 的滑动引导块 16 的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间，纵向滑动上块 7 和橡胶块 11 同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分 2 之间，通过橡胶块 11 与纵向滑动上块 7 的下面一面和导滑槽的底部接触产生的摩擦来进行接触面定位，再通过橡胶块 11 的变形韧性和弹性变形来使纵向滑动上块 7 在导滑槽中的只能够纵向滑动。
导滑座体1通过锚固螺栓穿过支座下钢板后与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石中预埋的螺套把导滑座体1与盖/梁或桥墩上端及其上的支座垫石与导滑座体1固定在一起，或者，通过锚固螺栓与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石中预埋的螺套把导滑座体1与盖梁/或桥墩上端及其上的支座垫石与导滑座体1固定在一起。
弹性滑板4的弧形板12通过锚固螺栓穿过支座上钢板后与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板一起把梁体与弹性滑板4固定在一起/或通过锚固螺栓与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板把梁体与弹性滑板4固定在一起；或者，纵向导滑块5通过锚固螺栓穿过支座上钢板后与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板一起把梁体与纵向导滑块5固定在一起/或通过锚固螺栓与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板把梁体与纵向导滑块5固定在一起；或者，纵向滑动上块7通过锚固螺栓穿过支座上钢板后与梁体中的梁底预埋钢板一起把梁体与纵向滑动上块固定在一起。
通过导滑座体1内的凸字形的导滑槽的长开口处两边的锁定限制部分3，来锁定和限制弹性滑板4两侧的导滑部分上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向导滑块5的滑动引导块16的两侧不上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16的两侧和纵向导滑下块8的两侧不上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16的两侧不上下移动；再通过导滑座体1内的凸字形的导滑槽的横向限位部分2来限制弹性滑板4不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向导滑块5不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向滑动上块7不向两侧滑动；从而实现锁定独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体的两边不上下摆动，继而达到锁定独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体不会向任何一边侧翻。
所述的导滑座体1是矩形管体式的上面一面有长开口的座体，矩形管体式的上面一面的长开口把导滑座体1的内部和开口处结合成为凸字形的导滑槽；导滑槽的长开口处两边的平折部分是锁定限制部分3，导滑槽的长开口处的平折部分下面的竖向部分是横向限位部分2，导滑槽的平折部分下面的横向部分是承载部分；在导滑座体1的承载部分上设有让锚固螺栓穿过的螺孔，并在螺孔的承载部分的上面一面上设有容纳锚固螺栓头或螺帽的沉孔，安装好的锚固螺栓头或螺帽在沉孔内不露出导滑槽。通过导滑座体1的锁定限制部分3来锁定和限制弹性滑板4两侧的导滑部分不上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向导滑块5两侧的滑动引导块16不上下移动或锁定和限制纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16的两侧和纵向导滑下块8的两侧不上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向滑动上块7的滑动引导块16的两侧不上下移动；通过导滑座体1内的凸字形的导滑槽的横向限位部分2来限制弹性滑板4不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向导滑块5不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向滑动上块7不向两侧滑动；通过导滑座体1的承载部分来承载弹性滑板4及其上所承受的所有重力/或承载波浪式曲面弹性板6和纵向导滑块5及纵向导滑块5上所承受的所有重力/或承载纵向导滑下块8和纵向滑动上块7及纵向滑动上块7上所承受的所有重力/或承载纵向滑动上块7和纵向滑动上块7上所承受的所有重力。
所述的弹性滑板4的中间部分为带有弧形的弧形板12、两端为直面板或曲面板8；弧形板12的上面一面是上弧面14、下面一面是下弧面15；在弹性滑板4的弧形板12部分上设有让锚固螺栓穿过的螺孔，并在螺孔的下弧面15上设有容纳锚固螺栓头或螺帽的沉孔，安装好的锚固螺栓头或螺帽在沉孔内不露出下弧面15；在弹性滑板4上有导滑部分，导滑部分是直面板13或曲面板比弧形板12宽的部分，导滑部分在导滑座体1内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动。
所述的纵向导滑块5是上部或中部和上部的两侧有纵向缺18的横截面的外形为凸字形的块状体；在纵向导滑块5上有上凸台17和滑动引导块16两部分，滑动引导块16的侧向宽度比上凸台17的侧向宽度宽，上凸台17在滑动引导块16的上面与滑动引导块16是一个整体或一个组合整体；滑动引导块16在导滑座体1内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动；在纵向导滑块5上有让锚固螺栓穿过的螺孔，并在纵向导滑块5的滑动引导块16的下面一面的螺孔上设有容纳锚固螺栓头或螺帽的沉孔，安装好的锚固螺栓头或螺帽在沉孔内不露出纵向导滑块5的下面一面。
所述的波浪式曲面弹性板6是上下两面都带有凹凸的连续波浪形的波纹槽的曲面板，安装在导滑槽内时的波纹槽的浪槽横向贯通两侧的端部或纵向贯通两端的端部；在波浪式曲面弹性板6承受梁体上传来的压力时弹性伸张，在波浪式曲面弹性板6承受梁体上传来的压力减小时弹性收缩。
所述的纵向滑动上块7是上部或中部和上部的两侧有纵向缺18的凸字形的块状体，在块状体的下面一面有或没有向上凹陷的上凹槽19，在上凹槽19以外的滑动引导块16上有或没有让立柱导滑销插入的滑动孔；纵向滑动上块7包括上凸台17和滑动引导块16两部分，滑动引导块16的侧向宽度比上凸台17的侧向宽度宽，上凸台17在滑动引导块16的上面与滑动引导块16是一个整体或一个组合整体；滑动引导块16在导滑座体1内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动；在纵向滑动上块上有让锚固螺栓穿过的螺孔，并在纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块16的下面一面的螺孔上设有容纳锚固螺栓头或螺帽的沉孔，安装好的锚固螺栓头或螺帽在沉孔内不露出纵向滑动上块的下面一面。
所述的纵向导滑下块8是上面一面有或没有下凹槽20矩形块状体，在下凹槽20外的矩形块状体上或在与上凹槽19对应的位置以外的矩形块状体上有或没有让立柱导滑销插入的滑动孔；纵向导滑下块上的滑动孔与纵向滑动上块的下面一面上的滑动孔的位置对应相通；纵向导滑下块8上的滑动孔与纵向滑动上块7的下面一面上的滑动孔的位置对应相通。
所述的环形斜折弹簧9是中部为有较大锥度的管环形体22的、上部是与中部的管环形体22大端连接的平面式的上环形体25的、下部是与中部的管环形体22的小端连接的平面式的下环形体23的、下部的中间有圆孔21的斜折式的弹簧；在环形斜折弹簧9承受梁体上传来的压力时，环形斜折弹簧9的中部的有锥度的管环形体22小端向管环形体22大端内缩进而形成弹性收缩、下环形体23向圆孔21内弹性收缩、上环形体25向外环面弹性伸张；在环形斜折弹簧9承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，环形斜折弹簧9的中部的有锥度的管环形体22大端向管环形体22小端弹性伸张、下环形体23向锥度环的小端的外环面弹性伸张、上环形体25向有锥度的管环形体22大端锥度孔24内弹性收缩。
所述的碟形弹簧10外形为碟形、碟形的中部有锥度圆孔26、有内锥面27和外锥面28的弹簧，碟形弹簧10包括单碟弹簧或叠合组合碟形弹簧10或对合组合碟形弹簧10或复合组合碟形弹簧10；在碟形弹簧10承受梁体上传来的压力时，压力从碟形弹簧10的外锥面28压向内锥面27而使碟形弹簧10的锥度减小形成弹性收缩；在碟形弹簧10承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，从碟形弹簧10的外锥面28压向内锥面27的压力减小而使碟形弹簧10的锥度减增大形成弹性伸张。
所述的橡胶块11是弧形块块状体或矩形块块状体或弧线与线段组成的异形块状体，是采用传统的桥梁板式橡胶支座的橡胶体部分或桥梁盆式橡胶支座的橡胶体板体部分；在橡胶块11承受梁体上传来的压力时，橡胶块11的中部向外和四周均匀弹性扩张；在橡胶块11承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，橡胶块11的外缘向中部弹性收缩。
所述的凹槽包括上凹槽19和下凹槽20，纵向滑动上块7上的凹槽是上凹槽19，纵向导滑下块8上的凹槽是下凹槽20；所述的凹槽是弧形槽或方形槽或弧形与线段组成的异形槽，或者，是弧形环槽或方形环槽或弧形与线段组成的异形环槽，凹槽的形状根据环形斜折弹簧9的形状来进行设置或根据碟形弹簧10的形状来进行设置或根据橡胶块11的形状来进行设置；在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8上同时有凹槽而形成双面凹槽，或者，只在纵向滑动上块7或纵向导滑下块8上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽；在纵向滑动上块7与环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧或橡胶块和纵向导滑下块8配合而组合成为纵向滑动组时，在纵向滑动上块7和纵向导滑下块8上同时有凹槽而形成双面凹槽，或者，只在纵向滑动上块7或纵向导滑下块8上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽；在纵向滑动上块7与橡胶块11配合而组合成为纵向滑动组时，只在纵向滑动上块7上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽，或者，在纵向滑动上块7上没有凹槽。
锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座在高架桥的梁体与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石之间固定好后，在高架桥的桥面上有载重汽车汽车通过时，载重汽车通过时的振动、震动和重力通过车轮传递给梁体，之后，梁体的传递途径有以下三种方式：  一、梁体再传递给弹性滑板4，弹性滑板4的弧形板12吸收上面传来的重力后向弹性滑板4的两端弹性伸长，弹性滑板4的弧形板12吸收上面传来的振动和震动后向弹性滑板4的两端产生轻微的弹性波动；或者，载重汽车通过时的振动、震动和重力通过车轮传递给梁体，梁体再传递给纵向导滑块5，纵向导滑块5再传递给波浪式曲面弹性板6，波浪式曲面弹性板6承受上面传来的重力后向导滑槽的两端弹性伸长，波浪式曲面弹性板6在吸收上面传来的振动和震动后向导滑槽的两端产生轻微的弹性波动；从而消除载重汽车通过时对高架桥的桥面产生的振动和震动，承载梁体和载重汽车的重力；  二、梁体再传递给纵向滑动上块7，纵向滑动上块7再传递给环形斜折弹簧9或碟形弹簧10，环形斜折弹簧9或碟形弹簧10消除振动和震动后将重力再传递给纵向导滑下块，之后再传递给导滑座体1的承载部分；环形斜折弹簧9在吸收上面传来的振动和震动后从环形斜折弹簧9的圆孔21向下环形体23、管环形体22小端、管环形体22大端、上环形体25产生轻微的弹性波动，从而消除载重汽车通过时对高架桥的桥面产生的振动和震动；环形斜折弹簧9在承受上面传来的重力时，重力从环形斜折弹簧9的上环形体25压向环形斜折弹簧9中部的有锥度的管环形体22、再压向环形斜折弹簧9的下环形体23而使环形斜折弹簧9的中部的有锥度的管环形体22大端内向管环形体22小端外缩进而形成弹性收缩、下环形体23向圆孔21内弹性收缩、上环形体25向外环面弹性伸张，而使变形后的环形斜折弹簧9承载梁体和载重汽车的重力；碟形弹簧10在吸收上面传来的振动和震动后从碟形弹簧10的锥度圆孔26向外圆面产生上下的轻微弹性波动，从而消除载重汽车通过时对高架桥的桥面产生的振动和震动；碟形弹簧10在承受上面传来的重力时，重力从碟形弹簧10的锥面的大端压向锥度小端后收缩而使变形后的碟形弹簧10承载梁体和载重汽车的重力；  三、梁体再传递给纵向滑动上块7，纵向滑动上块7再传递给橡胶块11，橡胶块11消除振动和震动后将重力直接传递给导滑座体1的承载部分，或者，胶块消除振动和震动后将重力再传递给纵向导滑下块8，之后再传递给导滑座体1的承载部分；橡胶块11在吸收上面传来的振动和震动后从橡胶块11的中心向外缘的四周产生轻微的弹性波动，从而消除载重汽车通过时对高架桥的桥面产生的振动和震动；橡胶块11在承受上面传来的重力时，重力从橡胶块11的上面向下压而使橡胶块11横向变形而形成橡胶块11从中心向外缘弹性伸张，而使变形后的橡胶块11承载梁体和载重汽车的重力。
载载重汽车的一边的梁体压向弹性滑板4的压力增加或压向纵向滑动上块7和环形斜折弹簧9或碟形弹簧10的压力增加或压向纵向滑动上块7和橡胶块11的压力增加，而没有承载载重汽车的一边的梁体压向弹性滑板4或纵向导滑块5和波浪式曲面弹性板6的压力减少或压向纵向滑动上块7和环形斜折弹簧9或碟形弹簧10的压力减少或压向纵向滑动上块7和橡胶块11的压力减少；此时，没有承载载重汽车的一边的梁体压向弹性滑板4的导滑部分或压向纵向导滑组在导滑座体1的导滑槽内不能够向上移动和不能够向两侧滑动/或压向纵向导滑块5在导滑座体的导滑槽内和在波浪式曲面弹性板6的上面不能够向上移动和不能够两侧边滑动，承载载重汽车的一边的梁体压向弹性滑板4的导滑部分或压向纵向导滑组在导滑座体1的导滑槽内不能够向下移动和不能够向外边滑动/或压向纵向导滑块5在导滑座体1的导滑槽内和在波浪式曲面弹性板6的上面不能够向下移动和不能够向外边滑动，锁固和限定了弹性滑板4或纵向导滑块5在导滑座体1的导滑槽内不能够上下移动和向侧边滑动/或锁固和限定了压向纵向导滑组在导滑座体的导滑槽内不能够上下移动和向侧边滑动，使高架桥的桥面上的载重汽车汽车呈现单边超载通过时，因导滑座体1与弹性滑板4之间的锁定和限定/或因导滑座体1与纵向导滑块5之间的锁定和限定/或因导滑座体1与纵向导滑组之间的锁定和限定而使独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥不会产生侧翻，增加了独墩单支座高架桥在载重汽车通过时的稳定性；同时，采用锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座后，弯道不急的高架桥都可以将双墩和多墩的高架桥改为独墩支撑的高架桥，降低了高架桥的建造成本。
遇到天气变化时，梁体随着温度的变化产生收缩或伸长，带动弹性滑板4在导滑座体1内的导滑槽内纵向移动/或带动纵向导滑块5在导滑座体1内的导滑槽内安装的波浪式曲面弹性板6的上面纵向移动/或带动纵向导滑组在导滑座体1内的导滑槽纵向移动，来消除梁体在收缩或伸长时梁体对桥墩之间的拉力或推力，使桥墩不产生偏移和歪斜。
 工业实用性
通过导滑槽与锁定限制部分3来锁定和限制弹性滑板4两侧的导滑部分或纵向导滑块5两侧的滑动引导块16或纵向滑动上块7两侧的滑动引导块16不上下移动，来实现锁定梁体的两边不会上下摆动而不会发生梁体侧翻；通过导滑槽与横向限位部分2来限制弹性滑板4或纵向导滑块5或纵向滑动上块7不向两侧滑动，来实现限制梁体的两侧滑动而不会发生梁体横向滑移；通过限制梁体横向滑移和锁定梁体不上下摆动，来保证固定在锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座上的梁体在单边承载时的抗侧翻的能力和承载稳定性。
一、从根本上解决了传统的支座对高架桥的梁体的横向稳定性差、不能够防止高架桥的梁体侧翻的技术问题，开创了高架桥使用的支座能够完全防侧翻的先例；集防止独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥侧翻与适应高架桥的热胀冷缩的变化功能于一体，既适用于横向独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥安装使用，又适用于横向双墩和横向多墩的单支座支撑梁体和多支座支撑梁体的高架桥安装使用，还适用于对传统的支座进行替换成为防高架桥侧翻的防侧翻支座安装使用；提高了高架桥的使用安全性和使用稳定性，防止了高架桥的侧翻；  二、通过弹性滑板的弧形板在曲面方向上产生的弹性波动、和通过波浪式曲面弹性板在波浪曲面方向上产生的弹性波动，或者，通过环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在圆心轴向方向上产生的弹性波动，或者，通过橡胶块的弹性变形而从橡胶块的中心向外缘四周产生的弹性波动，来吸收车辆通过时的振动和震动；三、通过弹性滑板的弧形板在曲面方向上产生的弹性伸长和弹性收缩、和通过波浪式曲面弹性板在波浪曲面方向上产生的弹性伸长和弹性收缩，或者，通过环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在圆心轴向方向上产生的弹性伸长和弹性收缩，或者，通过橡胶块在中心向外缘四周产生的弹性伸长和弹性收缩，来适应通过的载重汽车的承载通过的数量和重量的变化； 四、通过将弧形板设置成为拱扶形的弧形体和在弧形板部分上的螺孔,来减少弹性滑板在承载载荷时产生的集中应力；或者，通过将波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分平铺在导滑槽下面的承载部分上来让导滑座体的底部分摊受力，将纵向导滑块安装在波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分上来让波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分分摊受力，即是采用二次分摊承载重力的方式来避免波浪式曲面弹性板在承受上面的重力时产生的应力集中；或者，通过在环形斜折弹簧的下环形体上设置圆孔和在碟形弹簧上设置锥度孔，来减少环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在承载载荷时产生的集中应力；或者，通过橡胶块的弹性变形而使橡胶块的受力均匀，来避免橡胶块在承载载荷时产生集中应力； 五、通过导滑座体的锁定限制部分，来锁定和限制弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分和纵向导滑块的滑动引导块不能够上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽内不能够上下移动/或定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽内不能够上下移动，从而锁定高架桥的梁体的两边不能够上下摆动，继而锁定横向独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的梁体不会向任何一边侧翻； 六、通过导滑座体内的横向限位部分，来限制弹性滑板不向两侧滑动或限制纵向导滑块不向两侧滑动，而使梁体始终保持在锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座的上面不发生位置的横向偏移； 七、采用金属弹性材料制造锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座的减振元件来替代传统的橡胶减振元件，增加了减振元件的抗振强度，延长了减振元件的寿命，继而延长了锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座的使用寿命； 八、弧形板的弧形体在承受重力时，通过曲面方向上产生的弧度变形来实现弧形板具有弹簧的弹性功能；波浪式曲面弹性板在承受重力时，通过波纹曲面方向上产生的弧度变形来实现波浪式曲面弹性板具有弹簧的弹性功能；环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在承受重力时，通过在圆心轴向方向上产生的锥度变形来实现环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧具有弹簧的弹性功能；使大型弹簧的结构简洁、便于制造； 九、将传统支座防侧翻的安全系数只有支座的承载力的40-50%，提高到了防侧翻的安全系数是传统支座承载力的几十倍至几百倍的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，使独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的防侧翻能力得到了显著的提高，提高了独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥的承载安全性和载重汽车在高架桥上连续通过的高载荷通过安全性。
 序列表自由内容
在此处键入序列表自由内容描述段落。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括导滑槽、横向限位部分、锁定限制部分、承载部分、导向滑动部分、弹性减震部分、梁体支撑部分；
    导滑座体包括横向限位部分、锁定限制部分和承载部分；在导滑座体的上面一面开设长开口，长开口与导滑座体的内部空腔结合成为导滑槽；采用导滑槽的长开口处两边的平折部分来作为锁定限制部分，采用导滑槽的长开口处的平折部分下面的竖向部分来作为横向限位部分；
    导向滑动部分包括导滑槽、弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分、纵向导滑块两侧的滑动引导块、纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块；
    弹性减震部分包括弹性滑板的弧形板部分、波浪式曲面弹性板、环形斜折弹簧、碟形弹簧、橡胶块；
    梁体支撑部分包括导滑座体、弹性滑板、纵向导滑块、纵向滑动上板、纵向滑动下板；
    承载部分是导滑座体的导滑槽的底部部分；
    通过导滑槽与锁定限制部分来锁定和限制导向滑动部分的弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分或纵向导滑块两侧的滑动引导块或纵向滑动上块两侧的滑动引导块不上下移动，来实现锁定梁体的两边不会上下摆动而不会发生梁体侧翻；
    通过导滑槽与横向限位部分来限制导向滑动部分的弹性滑板或纵向导滑块或纵向滑动上块不向两侧滑动，来实现限制梁体的两侧滑动而不会发生梁体横向滑移。
  2. 据权利要求1述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座包括四种结构方式：
    一、包括导滑座体、导滑槽、弧形板和直面板或曲面板组成的弹性滑板、弹性滑板上的导滑部分；
    二、包括导滑座体、导滑槽、波浪式曲面弹性板、纵向导滑块；
    三、包括导滑座体、导滑槽、纵向滑动下板、环形斜折弹簧和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组/或纵向滑动下板、碟形弹簧和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组；
    四、包括导滑座体、导滑槽、纵向滑动下板、橡胶块和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组/或包括导滑座体、导滑槽、纵向滑动上板和橡胶块组成的纵向滑动组。
  3. 据权利要求1述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：在矩形管式的导滑座体的上面一面开有长开口而使导滑座体上的导滑槽的横截面呈凸字形；
    在导滑槽内安装有弹性滑板，弹性滑板的弧形板的顶部高于导滑座体的上端，弹性滑板的导滑部分比弧形板宽，导滑部分在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面与导滑槽的承载部分之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间；或者，
    在导滑槽内安装有波浪式曲面弹性板和纵向导滑块，波浪式曲面弹性板在纵向导滑块的下面，纵向导滑块的上面一面高于导滑座体的上端；纵向导滑块的滑动引导块比上凸台宽，滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面与波浪式曲面弹性板的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，波浪式曲面弹性板下面一面的中部通过螺栓固定在导滑座体的导滑槽的中部或波浪式曲面弹性板上面一面的中部通过螺栓固定在滑动引导块的纵向导滑块的中部；
    或者，在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板、环形斜折弹簧和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组或在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板、碟形弹簧和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组，或者，在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动下板、橡胶块和纵向滑动上块组成的纵向滑动组或在导滑槽内安装有由纵向滑动上板和橡胶块组成的纵向滑动组，安装在导滑槽内的纵向滑动上块的上面一面高于导滑座体的上端，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块比上凸台宽；在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内和纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽内安装有环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内和纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽内安装有橡胶块，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面与纵向导滑下块的上面一面下凹槽内之间安装有橡胶块，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内与纵向导滑下块的上面一面之间安装有橡胶块，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面的上凹槽内和导滑座体的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块，或者，在纵向滑动上块的下面一面和导滑座体的导滑槽底部的上面一面内安装有橡胶块；纵向滑动上块在纵向导滑下块的上面，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面与导滑槽承载部分的上面一面之间、和在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间，滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面被限制和锁定不能够向上移动，纵向导滑下块在导滑槽的承载部分的上面被限制和锁定不能够向下移动，纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块同时在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间被限定不能够横向移动，通过立柱导滑销的两端分别插入纵向滑动上块的滑动孔中和插入纵向导滑下块的滑动孔中来定位纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块之间的整体联动和带动在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽中的整体联动式纵向滑动；或者，纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块在导滑槽的锁定限制部分的下面一面、橡胶块在导滑槽承载部分的上面一面而使纵向滑动上块被限制和锁定不能够向上下移动，纵向滑动上块和橡胶块在导滑槽的两个横向限位部分之间而使纵向滑动上块被限定不能够横向移动，通过橡胶块与纵向滑动上块的下面一面和导滑槽的底部接触产生的摩擦来进行接触面定位，再通过橡胶块的变形韧性和弹性变形来使纵向滑动上块在导滑槽中的只能够纵向滑动。
  4. 据权利要求1所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座在高架桥的梁体与盖梁或桥墩上端的支座垫石之间固定好后，在高架桥的桥面上有载重汽车汽车通过时，载重汽车通过时的振动、震动和重力通过车轮传递给梁体，之后，梁体的传递途径有以下三种方式：
    一、梁体再传递给弹性滑板，弹性滑板的弧形板吸收上面传来的重力后向弹性滑板的两端弹性伸长，弹性滑板的弧形板吸收上面传来的振动和震动后向弹性滑板的两端产生轻微的弹性波动；或者，梁体再传递给纵向导滑块，纵向导滑块再传递给波浪式曲面弹性板，波浪式曲面弹性板承受上面传来的重力后向导滑槽的两端弹性伸长，波浪式曲面弹性板在吸收上面传来的振动和震动后向导滑槽的两端产生轻微的弹性波动；从而消除载重汽车通过时对高架桥的桥面产生的振动和震动，承载梁体和载重汽车的重力；
    二、梁体再传递给纵向滑动上块，纵向滑动上块再传递给环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧，环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧消除振动和震动后将重力再传递给纵向导滑下块，之后再传递给导滑座体的承载部分；环形斜折弹簧在吸收上面传来的振动和震动后从环形斜折弹簧的圆孔向下环形体、管环形体小端、管环形体大端、上环形体产生轻微的弹性波动，从而消除载重汽车通过时对高架桥的桥面产生的振动和震动；环形斜折弹簧在承受上面传来的重力时，重力从环形斜折弹簧的上环形体压向环形斜折弹簧中部的有锥度的管环形体、再压向环形斜折弹簧的下环形体而使环形斜折弹簧的中部的有锥度的管环形体大端内向管环形体小端外缩进而形成弹性收缩、下环形体向圆孔内弹性收缩、上环形体向外环面弹性伸张，而使变形后的环形斜折弹簧承载梁体和载重汽车的重力；碟形弹簧在吸收上面传来的振动和震动后从碟形弹簧的锥度圆孔向外圆面产生上下的轻微弹性波动，从而消除载重汽车通过时对高架桥的桥面产生的振动和震动；碟形弹簧在承受上面传来的重力时，重力从碟形弹簧的锥面的大端压向锥度小端后收缩而使变形后的碟形弹簧承载梁体和载重汽车的重力；
    三、梁体再传递给纵向滑动上块，纵向滑动上块再传递给橡胶块，橡胶块消除振动和震动后将重力直接传递给导滑座体的承载部分，或者，胶块消除振动和震动后将重力再传递给纵向导滑下块，之后再传递给导滑座体的承载部分；橡胶块在吸收上面传来的振动和震动后从橡胶块的中心向外缘的四周产生轻微的弹性波动，从而消除载重汽车通过时对高架桥的桥面产生的振动和震动；橡胶块在承受上面传来的重力时，重力从橡胶块的上面向下压而使橡胶块横向变形而形成橡胶块从中心向外缘弹性伸张，而使变形后的橡胶块承载梁体和载重汽车的重力；
    在高架桥的桥面上的载重汽车汽车呈现单边通过时，承载载重汽车的一边的梁体压向弹性滑板的压力增加或压向纵向滑动上块和环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧的压力增加或压向纵向滑动上块和橡胶块的压力增加，而没有承载载重汽车的一边的梁体压向弹性滑板或纵向导滑块和波浪式曲面弹性板的压力减少或压向纵向滑动上块和环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧的压力减少或压向纵向滑动上块和橡胶块压力减少；此时，没有承载载重汽车的一边的梁体压向弹性滑板的导滑部分或压向纵向导滑组在导滑座体的导滑槽内不能够向上移动和不能够向两侧滑动/或压向导滑块在导滑座体的导滑槽内和在波浪式曲面弹性板的上面不能够向上移动和不能够两侧边滑动，承载载重汽车的一边的梁体压向弹性滑板的导滑部分或压向纵向导滑组在导滑座体的导滑槽内不能够向下移动和不能够向外边滑动/或压向纵向导滑块在导滑座体的导滑槽内和在波浪式曲面弹性板的上面不能够向下移动和不能够向外边滑动，锁固和限定了弹性滑板或纵向导滑块在导滑座体的导滑槽内不能够上下移动和向侧边滑动/或锁固和限定了压向纵向导滑组在导滑座体的导滑槽内不能够上下移动和向侧边滑动，使高架桥的桥面上的载重汽车汽车呈现单边超载通过时，因导滑座体与弹性滑板之间的锁定和限定/或因导滑座体与纵向导滑块之间的锁定和限定/或因导滑座体与纵向导滑组之间的锁定和限定而使独墩单支座支撑梁体的高架桥不会产生侧翻，增加了独墩单支座高架桥在载重汽车通过时的稳定性；同时，采用锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座后，弯道不急的高架桥都可以将双墩和多墩的高架桥改为独墩支撑的高架桥，降低了高架桥的建造成本。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：导滑座体是矩形管式的上面一面有长开口的座体，矩形管式的上面一面的长开口把导滑座体的内部和开口处结合成为凸字形的导滑槽；导滑槽的长开口处两边的平折部分是锁定限制部分，导滑槽的长开口处的平折部分下面的竖向部分是横向限位部分，导滑槽的平折部分下面的横向部分是承载部分；
    通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的长开口处两边的锁定限制部分来锁定和限制弹性滑板两侧的导滑部分/或纵向导滑块的滑动引导块的两侧不上下移动，再通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的横向限位部分来限制弹性滑板或纵向导滑块不向两侧滑动；或者，通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的长开口处两边的锁定限制部分来锁定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的两侧和纵向导滑下块的两侧不上下移动，再通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的横向限位部分来限制纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块不向两侧滑动；或者，通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的长开口处两边的锁定限制部分来锁定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的两侧和纵向导滑下块的两侧不上下移动/或锁定和限制纵向滑动上块的滑动引导块的两侧不上下移动，再通过导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽的横向限位部分来限制纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块不向两侧滑动/或限制纵向滑动上块不向两侧滑动；
    弹性滑板的中间部分为带有弧形的弧形板、两端为直面板或曲面板；弧形板的上面一面是上弧面、下面一面是下弧面；在弹性滑板上有导滑部分，导滑部分是直面板或曲面板比弧形板宽的部分，导滑部分在导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动和不能向两侧移动；
    纵向导滑块是上部或中部和上部的两侧有纵向缺的横截面的外形为凸字形的块状体；在纵向导滑块上有上凸台和滑动引导块两部分，滑动引导块的侧向宽度比上凸台的侧向宽度宽，上凸台在滑动引导块的上面与滑动引导块是一个整体或一个组合整体；滑动引导块在导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动和不能向两侧移动；
    波浪式曲面弹性板是上下两面都带有凹凸的连续波浪形的波纹槽的曲面板，安装在导滑槽内时的波纹槽的浪槽横向贯通两侧的端部或纵向贯通两端的端部；在波浪式曲面弹性板承受梁体上传来的压力时弹性伸张，在波浪式曲面弹性板承受梁体上传来的压力减小时弹性收缩；
    纵向滑动上块是上部或中部和上部的两侧有纵向缺的凸字形的块状体，在块状体的下面一面有或没有向上凹陷的上凹槽；纵向滑动上块包括上凸台和滑动引导块两部分，滑动引导块的侧向宽度比上凸台的侧向宽度宽，滑动引导块在导滑座体内的凸字形的导滑槽内被限制而不能够上下移动和不能向两侧移动；上凸台在滑动引导块的上面与滑动引导块是一个整体或一个组合整体；
    纵向导滑下块是上面一面有或没有下凹槽的矩形块状体，在下凹槽以外的矩形块状体上或在与上凹槽对应的位置以外的矩形块状体上有或没有让立柱导滑销插入的滑动孔；纵向导滑下块上的滑动孔与纵向滑动上块的下面一面上的滑动孔的位置对应相通；
    环形斜折弹簧是中部为有较大锥度的管环形体的、上部是与中部的管环形体大端连接的平面式的上环形体的、下部是与中部的管环形体的小端连接的平面式的下环形体的、下部的中间有圆孔的斜折式的弹簧；在环形斜折弹簧承受梁体上传来的压力时，环形斜折弹簧的中部的有锥度的管环形体小端向管环形体大端内缩进而形成弹性收缩、下环形体向圆孔内弹性收缩、上环形体向外环面弹性伸张；在环形斜折弹簧承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，环形斜折弹簧的中部的有锥度的管环形体大端向管环形体小端弹性伸张、下环形体向锥度环的小端的外环面弹性伸张、上环形体向有锥度的管环形体大端锥度孔内弹性收缩；
    碟形弹簧外形为碟形、碟形的中部有锥度圆孔、有内锥面和外锥面的弹簧，碟形弹簧包括单碟弹簧或叠合组合碟形弹簧或对合组合碟形弹簧或复合组合碟形弹簧；在碟形弹簧承受梁体上传来的压力时，压力从碟形弹簧的外锥面压向内锥面而使碟形弹簧的锥度减小形成弹性收缩；在碟形弹簧承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，从碟形弹簧的外锥面压向内锥面的压力减小而使碟形弹簧的锥度减增大形成弹性伸张；
    橡胶块是弧形块或矩形块或圆弧与线段组成异形块，是采用传统的桥梁板式橡胶支座的橡胶体部分或桥梁盆式橡胶支座的橡胶体板体部分；在橡胶块承受梁体上传来的压力时，橡胶块的中部向外和四周均匀弹性扩张；在橡胶块承受梁体上传来的压力减小时，橡胶块的外缘向中部弹性收缩。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：凹槽包括上凹槽和下凹槽，纵向滑动上块上的凹槽是上凹槽，纵向导滑下块上的凹槽是下凹槽；所述的凹槽是弧形槽或方形槽或弧形与线段组成的异形槽，或者，是弧形环槽或方形环槽或弧形与线段组成的异形环槽，凹槽的形状根据环形斜折弹簧的形状来进行设置或根据碟形弹簧的形状来进行设置或根据橡胶块的形状来进行设置；在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块上同时有凹槽而形成双面凹槽，或者，只在纵向滑动上块或纵向导滑下块上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽；在纵向滑动上块与环形斜折弹簧或碟形弹簧或橡胶块和纵向导滑下块配合而组合成为纵向滑动组时，在纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块上同时有凹槽而形成双面凹槽，或者，只在纵向滑动上块或纵向导滑下块上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽；在纵向滑动上块与橡胶块配合而组合成为纵向滑动组时，只在纵向滑动上块上有凹槽而形成单面凹槽，或者，在纵向滑动上块上没有凹槽。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：将弹性滑板与导滑槽接触的部分进行研磨抛光成为光滑的接触面，将纵向导滑块与导滑槽接触的部分、纵向导滑块与波浪式曲面弹性板接触的部分和纵向导滑块与波浪式曲面弹性板接触的部分进行研磨抛光成为光滑的接触面，来增加弹性滑板、波浪式曲面弹性板和纵向导滑块在导滑槽内的纵向滑动性能；将纵向导滑上块和纵向导滑下块与导滑槽接触的部分进行研磨抛光成为光滑的接触面，来增加纵向导滑上块和纵向导滑下块在导滑槽内的纵向滑动性能；从而保证梁体在温度变化时产生的热胀冷缩造成的伸长或缩短对桥墩之间不产生过大的拉力或推力，继而保证桥墩的独立支撑；
    在导滑槽内设有加入润滑剂的润滑槽，或者，在弹性滑板的导滑部分上设有加入润滑剂的润滑槽，或者，在纵向导滑下块的下面一面、纵向滑动上块和纵向导滑下块的两侧面设有加入润滑剂的润滑槽；采用润滑剂来润滑弹性滑板与导滑槽的接触部分，或者，采用润滑剂来润纵向导滑下块和纵向滑动上块与导滑座体的导滑槽的接触部分；来满足梁体在受到热胀冷缩带来的伸缩时顺利推动弹性滑板在导滑槽内前后滑动。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：弹性滑板的弧形板部分采用具有弹性的弹簧钢制造，并将弧形板部分制造成为拱弧形而使弹性滑板具有弹性伸张和弹性收缩的功能；波浪式曲面弹性板采用具有弹性的弹簧钢制造，并将波浪式曲面弹性板制造成为带有凹凸的连续波浪形的波纹槽的曲面板而使波浪式曲面弹性板具有弹性伸张和弹性收缩的功能；环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧采用具有弹性的弹簧钢制造，并将环形斜折弹簧的中部制造成为有较大锥度的管环形体、上部制造成为与中部有锥度的管环形体大端连接的平面式的上环形体、下部制造成为与中部有锥度的管环形体小端连接的平面式的下环形体、在下部的中间制造有圆孔，将碟形弹簧制造成为有内锥面和外锥面、外形制造成为碟形、在碟形的中部制造有锥度圆孔，而使环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧具有弹性伸张和弹性收缩的功能；橡胶块采用具有弹性收缩和弹性变形控制扩张功能的橡胶制造，而使橡胶块具有弹性伸张和弹性收缩的功能；来使锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座在承受梁体及梁体上的承载重力时有减震的效果。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座，其特征在于：弧形板采用拱扶形的弧形体来消除集中应力和在弧形板部分上设有消除集中应力的螺孔，来消除弹性滑板的弧形板部分在承受上面的重力时弹性伸张和弹性收缩时产生的集中应力；
    采用二次分摊承载重力的方式来避免波浪式曲面弹性板在承受上面的重力时产生的应力集中：将波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分平铺在导滑槽下面的承载部分上来让导滑座体的底部分摊受力，将纵向导滑块安装在波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分上来让波浪式曲面弹性板的波纹部分分摊受力；在环形斜折弹簧的平面式的下环形体的中部制造有消除集中应力的圆孔，在碟形弹簧的中部制造有消除集中应力的锥度圆孔；橡胶块的上下两面采用平面或约带弧形面，在承受纵向滑动上块传递的压力时与纵向滑动上块充分接触而使橡胶块均匀受力来消除集中应力；从而避免波浪式曲面弹性板、橡胶块、环形斜折弹簧和碟形弹簧在承受上面的重力时产生的应力集中。
PCT/CN2020/126238 2019-11-11 2020-11-03 锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座 WO2021093645A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911094080.0A CN110747730A (zh) 2019-11-11 2019-11-11 防侧翻金属减振支座
CN201911094454.9A CN110747731A (zh) 2019-11-11 2019-11-11 防侧翻锁固式金属支座
CN201911094080.0 2019-11-11
CN201911094092.3A CN110761183A (zh) 2019-11-11 2019-11-11 橡胶减振防侧翻支座
CN201911094454.9 2019-11-11
CN201911094092.3 2019-11-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021093645A1 true WO2021093645A1 (zh) 2021-05-20

Family

ID=75912535

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/126238 WO2021093645A1 (zh) 2019-11-11 2020-11-03 锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2021093645A1 (zh)

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW511668U (en) * 2002-03-20 2002-11-21 Strong Systems Co Ltd I Earthquake-resistant and anti-pulling device used in bridge
CN203200650U (zh) * 2013-04-16 2013-09-18 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 V形导轨结构单向型支座
CN103790106A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-14 北京工业大学 具有碟形弹簧的并联型负刚度结构隔震减振支座
CN203716299U (zh) * 2014-02-12 2014-07-16 安徽尚德科技有限公司 一种双向滑动的波浪形弹塑性钢阻尼盆式橡胶支座
CN204401794U (zh) * 2015-01-20 2015-06-17 衡水震泰隔震器材有限公司 防倾覆隔震橡胶支座
WO2020006850A1 (zh) * 2018-07-02 2020-01-09 东南大学 一种抗拔型三维橡胶摩擦摆隔震支座
CN110747731A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-04 陈洋哲 防侧翻锁固式金属支座
CN110747730A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-04 唐缝梁 防侧翻金属减振支座
CN110761183A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-07 唐缝梁 橡胶减振防侧翻支座
CN210066475U (zh) * 2019-06-13 2020-02-14 衡水泰威新材料有限公司 一种具有拉索的盆式支座
CN211285243U (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-08-18 陈洋哲 防侧翻锁固式金属支座
CN211285244U (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-08-18 唐缝梁 橡胶减振防侧翻支座
CN211285245U (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-08-18 唐缝梁 防侧翻金属减振支座

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW511668U (en) * 2002-03-20 2002-11-21 Strong Systems Co Ltd I Earthquake-resistant and anti-pulling device used in bridge
CN203200650U (zh) * 2013-04-16 2013-09-18 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 V形导轨结构单向型支座
CN103790106A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-14 北京工业大学 具有碟形弹簧的并联型负刚度结构隔震减振支座
CN203716299U (zh) * 2014-02-12 2014-07-16 安徽尚德科技有限公司 一种双向滑动的波浪形弹塑性钢阻尼盆式橡胶支座
CN204401794U (zh) * 2015-01-20 2015-06-17 衡水震泰隔震器材有限公司 防倾覆隔震橡胶支座
WO2020006850A1 (zh) * 2018-07-02 2020-01-09 东南大学 一种抗拔型三维橡胶摩擦摆隔震支座
CN210066475U (zh) * 2019-06-13 2020-02-14 衡水泰威新材料有限公司 一种具有拉索的盆式支座
CN110747730A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-04 唐缝梁 防侧翻金属减振支座
CN110761183A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-07 唐缝梁 橡胶减振防侧翻支座
CN110747731A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-02-04 陈洋哲 防侧翻锁固式金属支座
CN211285243U (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-08-18 陈洋哲 防侧翻锁固式金属支座
CN211285244U (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-08-18 唐缝梁 橡胶减振防侧翻支座
CN211285245U (zh) * 2019-11-11 2020-08-18 唐缝梁 防侧翻金属减振支座

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1101333C (zh) 抬升装置
CN101545518B (zh) 一种隔振装置及其应用
CN2793147Y (zh) 多跨悬索桥无索区钢箱吊梁
US11434634B2 (en) Method and apparatus for supporting and moving a long-span structure on a rail system
US10669736B2 (en) Guiding device for assembling wind turbine towers
US10604905B2 (en) Multifunctional wall clamping device of static piling machine
WO2021093645A1 (zh) 锁固式防侧翻桥梁支座
CN202626808U (zh) 一种梁式钢桥
KR102077326B1 (ko) 유지관리가 용이한 경사저항 탄성받침
CN209066901U (zh) 一种钢结构滑移机构
CN110747731A (zh) 防侧翻锁固式金属支座
CN211285244U (zh) 橡胶减振防侧翻支座
CN110761183A (zh) 橡胶减振防侧翻支座
CN207812179U (zh) 一种跨座式单轨半固定连续梁
CN211285245U (zh) 防侧翻金属减振支座
CN211285243U (zh) 防侧翻锁固式金属支座
CN110747730A (zh) 防侧翻金属减振支座
CN214573416U (zh) 钢箱梁斜腹杆开裂病害的阻尼式弹性支撑处置装置
CN210140772U (zh) 钢箱梁顶推施工限位导向装置
CN212052301U (zh) 多变位梳齿桥梁伸缩结构
KR101205907B1 (ko) 교량용 완충 받침장치
CN218345974U (zh) 一种既有公路独柱墩桥梁减震加固结构
KR102620408B1 (ko) 경제성 및 안정성이 최적화되고 성능이 향상된 면진받침
CN109385960B (zh) 一种用于桥梁转体施工用的抗拉拔滑道装置
CN212247878U (zh) 一种用于顶推施工的临时墩自适应调节装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20888292

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20888292

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1