WO2021092746A1 - 一种信道信息获取的方法 - Google Patents

一种信道信息获取的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021092746A1
WO2021092746A1 PCT/CN2019/117400 CN2019117400W WO2021092746A1 WO 2021092746 A1 WO2021092746 A1 WO 2021092746A1 CN 2019117400 W CN2019117400 W CN 2019117400W WO 2021092746 A1 WO2021092746 A1 WO 2021092746A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network device
precoding matrix
terminal device
channel vector
channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/117400
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高昕宇
刘鹍鹏
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201980102152.3A priority Critical patent/CN114642019B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/117400 priority patent/WO2021092746A1/zh
Priority to EP19952335.8A priority patent/EP4047978A4/en
Publication of WO2021092746A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021092746A1/zh
Priority to US17/741,143 priority patent/US11923929B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/04013—Intelligent reflective surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a method for acquiring channel information.
  • Adding another network device to the existing multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system can form a new MIMO system.
  • complete channel information needs to be known.
  • FDD frequency division duplexing
  • the first network device and the second network device need to be known respectively.
  • Channel information between terminal devices and channel information between the first network device, the second network device and the terminal device Since the number of array elements of the second network device is hundreds or thousands, the channel between the first network device, the second network device and the terminal device usually has a huge dimension. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method with low pilot overhead, low delay, and high accuracy to obtain channel information between the first network device, the second network device, and the terminal device.
  • the present application provides a method for acquiring channel information, which can reduce pilot overhead and time delay in the process of acquiring channel information between a first network device, a second network device, and a terminal device.
  • a method for acquiring channel information includes: receiving one or more first reference signals at a d-th port of a terminal device, where the first reference signals are reference signals from a first network device, d ⁇ [1,D], D is the number of ports of the terminal device, and D is a positive integer; the terminal device obtains the first channel vector h 1,d according to the received first reference signal, where h 1,d is The channel vector of the channel between the dth port of the terminal device and the first network device; the dth port of the terminal device receives N second reference signals, where N is the number of ports of the second reference signal, and N Is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the terminal device obtains the second channel vector h 2,d according to the received second reference signal; the terminal device calculates the third channel vector according to the h 1,d and h 2,d h 3,d , the number of ports of h 3,d is less than the number of ports of the fourth channel vector h 4,d , where h 4,d is
  • the number of ports of the third channel vector obtained by the terminal device according to the received second reference signal is smaller than the number of ports of the fourth channel vector.
  • the terminal device adopts a compressed sensing or artificial intelligence algorithm, and can calculate the fourth channel vector based on the third channel vector, thereby reducing the pilot overhead and time delay for obtaining the fourth channel vector.
  • each second reference signal includes a first component and a second component
  • the first A precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix are used to process the h 4,d to obtain the h 3,d .
  • the ⁇ is expressed as
  • the method further includes: the terminal device calculates the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix; and the terminal device sends the first network device to the first network device.
  • the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix are the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receiving the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix.
  • the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix are specified by a communication protocol.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device obtains a third precoding matrix according to the h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix The Is the precoding matrix used when the first network device transmits data to the terminal device, the Is the precoding matrix used when the second network device transmits data to the terminal device; the terminal device sends the And this
  • the terminal device since the terminal device only feeds back the third precoding matrix to the first network device And the fourth precoding matrix Therefore, it has lower feedback overhead.
  • the terminal device obtains a third precoding matrix according to the h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix Including:
  • the terminal device takes the first index as the optimization target, and iterates the following two processes until the optimization target no longer increases: (1) Fix the Calculate the (2) Fix the Calculate the Wherein, the first indicator includes one or more of the following: spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, transmission rate, and error with the target transmission scheme.
  • vec(H 4,d ) h 4,d
  • ⁇ is a non-zero constant
  • the method further includes: the terminal device sends the h 1,d and the h 4,d to the first network device.
  • the N second reference signals are sent in a time division multiplexing manner.
  • the reference signal generated after precoding the nth third reference signal, n ⁇ [1,N], the second precoding matrix is used to process the fourth channel vector h 4,d to obtain the third channel vector h 3, d, the h 3, d is smaller than the number of ports h 4, d is the number of ports, the h 4, d is the first network device, the second port of the d terminal device and a network device
  • the channel vector of the inter-channel, d ⁇ [1,D], D is the number of ports of the terminal device, and D is a positive integer; the second network device sends N fourth reference signals
  • the second network device uses the second precoding matrix to process the fourth channel vector, and the obtained number of ports of the third channel vector is less than the number of ports of the fourth channel vector.
  • the fourth channel vector can be calculated according to the third channel vector, which reduces the pilot overhead and time delay for obtaining the fourth channel vector.
  • the method before the second network device generates N fourth reference signals, the method further includes: the second network device receives the first network device from the first network device. Two precoding matrix.
  • the second precoding matrix is specified by a communication protocol.
  • the method further includes: the second network device receives a fourth precoding matrix from the first network device The It is the precoding matrix used when the second network device transmits data to the terminal device.
  • the second network device sending N fourth reference signals to the terminal device includes: the second network device sends the N fourth reference signals to the terminal device in a time division multiplexing manner. N fourth reference signals are sent.
  • the first network device sends different references to the terminal device. Therefore, the terminal device can obtain different channel information according to the received different reference signals.
  • the first network device uses the first precoding matrix and the second network device uses the second precoding matrix to process the fourth channel vector, and the obtained third channel vector has a smaller number of ports than the fourth channel vector. number.
  • the fourth channel vector can be calculated according to the third channel vector, which reduces the pilot overhead and time delay for obtaining the fourth channel vector.
  • the first precoding matrix is specified by a communication protocol.
  • the method further includes: the first network device receives the h 1,d and the h 4,d from the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: the first network device obtains a third precoding matrix according to the h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix The Is the precoding matrix used when the first network device transmits data to the terminal device, the Is the precoding matrix used when the second network device transmits data to the terminal device; the first network device sends the
  • the first network device calculates the third precoding matrix according to the received h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix Since the first network device has channel information of all terminal devices, it can effectively eliminate multi-user interference.
  • the first network device obtains a third precoding matrix according to the h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix Including:
  • the first network device takes the first index as the optimization target, and iterates the following two processes until the optimization target no longer increases: (1) Fix the Calculate the (2) Fix the Calculate the
  • the first indicator includes one or more of the following: spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, transmission rate, and error with the target transmission scheme.
  • vec(H 4,d ) h 4,d
  • ⁇ is a non-zero constant
  • a device for acquiring channel information includes a transceiving unit and a processing unit: the transceiving unit is configured to receive one or more first reference signals, and the first reference signals are from a first network device. Reference signal; the processing unit is used to obtain a first channel vector h 1,d according to the received first reference signal, where h 1,d is the channel between the d-th port of the device and the first network device The channel vector of, d ⁇ [1,D], D is the number of ports of the device, D is a positive integer; the transceiver unit is also used to receive N second reference signals, and N is the number of ports of the second reference signal, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the processing unit is further configured to obtain a second channel vector h 2, d according to the received second reference signal; the processing unit is further configured to obtain a second channel vector h 2, d according to the h 1, d and the h 2 ,d Calculate the third channel vector h 3,d , the
  • each second reference signal includes a first component and a second component
  • the first A precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix are used to process the h 4,d to obtain the h 3,d .
  • the ⁇ is expressed as
  • the processing unit is further configured to calculate the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix; the transceiving unit is further configured to send to the first network device The first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix.
  • the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix are specified by a communication protocol.
  • the processing unit is further configured to obtain a third precoding matrix according to the h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix
  • the processing unit is further configured to obtain a third precoding matrix according to the h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix Including:
  • the processing unit takes the first index as the optimization target, and iterates the following two processes until the optimization target no longer increases: (1) Fix the Calculate the (2) Fix the Calculate the Wherein, the first indicator includes one or more of the following: spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, transmission rate, and error with the target transmission scheme.
  • vec(H 4,d ) h 4,d
  • ⁇ is a non-zero constant
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send the h 1,d and h 4,d to the first network device.
  • the N second reference signals are sent in a time division multiplexing manner.
  • the reference signal generated after precoding the nth third reference signal, n ⁇ [1,N], the second precoding matrix is used to process the fourth channel vector h 4,d to obtain the third
  • the channel vector h 3,d the number of ports of the h 3,d is less than the number of ports of the h 4,d
  • the h 4,d is the difference between the dth port of the first network device, the device, and the terminal device
  • the channel vector of the channel, d ⁇ [1,D], D is the number of ports of the terminal device, and D is a positive integer; the transceiver unit is also used to send N fourth reference signals to the terminal device.
  • the transceiver unit before the processing unit generates N fourth reference signals, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive the second precoding matrix from the first network device.
  • the second precoding matrix is specified by a communication protocol.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a fourth precoding matrix from the first network device The It is the precoding matrix used by the device when transmitting data to the terminal device.
  • the transceiving unit sending N of the fourth reference signals to the terminal device includes: the transceiving unit sending N of the fourth reference signals to the terminal device in a time division multiplexing manner The fourth reference signal.
  • a device for acquiring channel information includes a transceiving unit and a processing unit: the transceiving unit is also used to send one or more first reference signals, and the first reference signals are used to calculate the first channel.
  • the transceiver unit before the transceiver unit sends N third reference signals, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix from the terminal device.
  • the first precoding matrix is specified by a communication protocol.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to receive the h 1,d and the h 4,d from the terminal device.
  • the processing unit obtains a third precoding matrix according to the h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix
  • the processing unit obtains a third precoding matrix according to the h 1,d and h 4,d And the fourth precoding matrix Including:
  • the processing unit takes the first index as the optimization target, and iterates the following two processes until the optimization target no longer increases: (1) Fix the Calculate the (2) Fix the Calculate the Wherein, the first indicator includes one or more of the following: spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, transmission rate, and error with the target transmission scheme.
  • vec(H 4,d ) h 4,d
  • ⁇ is a non-zero constant
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the foregoing first aspect and the method in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled with the communication interface.
  • the communication device is a terminal device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device is a chip or a chip system configured in a terminal device.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the second aspect and the method in any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled with the communication interface.
  • the communication device is a second network device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device is a chip or a chip system configured in the second network device.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the third aspect and the method in any one of the possible implementation manners of the third aspect.
  • the communication device further includes a memory.
  • the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled with the communication interface.
  • the communication device is a first network device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device is a chip or a chip system configured in the first network device.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and send a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes any one of the first aspect to the third aspect and the first aspect to the third aspect. The method in the way.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be one or more chips
  • the input circuit can be an input pin
  • the output circuit can be an output pin
  • the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits, etc.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver
  • the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to the transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter
  • the circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • a processing device including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, receive signals through a receiver, and transmit signals through a transmitter, so as to execute any one of the first to third aspects and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first to third aspects In the method.
  • processors There are one or more processors, and one or more memories.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory and the processor may be provided separately.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be set in different On the chip, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the memory and the setting mode of the memory and the processor.
  • ROM read only memory
  • sending instruction information may be a process of outputting instruction information from the processor
  • receiving capability information may be a process of the processor receiving input capability information.
  • the data output by the processor can be output to the transmitter, and the input data received by the processor can come from the receiver.
  • the transmitter and receiver can be collectively referred to as a transceiver.
  • the processing device in the above-mentioned eleventh aspect may be one or more chips, or may also be a chip system.
  • the processor in the processing device can be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor When implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading the software code stored in the memory, and the memory may Integrated in the processor, can be located outside the processor, and exist independently.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (also called code, or instruction), when the computer program is executed, the first aspect to the first aspect are executed.
  • a computer program also called code, or instruction
  • the method in the three aspects and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (also called code, or instruction) when it runs on a computer, so that the computer executes the first Aspect to the third aspect and the method in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • a computer program also called code, or instruction
  • a communication system including: the foregoing second network device, the second network device, and/or the foregoing terminal device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system of a method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another wireless communication system of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation method for a multiple input multiple output system assisted by a smart reflector.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of resource mapping.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the smart reflector generating codewords in the beam codebook one by one.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a grouping manner of smart reflector array elements provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a smart reflector provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • UMTS time division duplex
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G mobile communication system may include non-standalone (NSA) and/or standalone (SA).
  • the network device may be any device with a wireless transceiver function.
  • This equipment includes but is not limited to: evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), Node B (NB), base station controller (BSC) , Base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) system Access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP), or transmission and reception point (TRP), etc., can also be 5G, such as NR ,
  • the gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a DU.
  • the gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU).
  • CU implements some functions of gNB
  • DU implements some functions of gNB.
  • CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, implementing radio resource control (RRC), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) The function of the layer.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • the DU is responsible for processing the physical layer protocol and real-time services, and realizes the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, the media access control (MAC) layer, and the physical (PHY) layer.
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • PHY physical layer
  • the network device may be a device that includes one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node.
  • the CU can be divided into network equipment in the access network (radio access network, RAN), and the CU can also be divided into network equipment in the core network (core network, CN), which is not limited in the embodiment of this application. .
  • the terminal equipment may be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal (terminal), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (mobile terminal), etc.; the terminal equipment may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal (terminal), mobile station (MS), and mobile terminal (mobile terminal).
  • a radio access network (RAN) communicates with one or more core networks.
  • the terminal device can also be called an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device.
  • the terminal device can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), with wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, vehicles with communication capabilities, wearable devices, and terminal devices in the future 5G network.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system of a method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may include at least two network devices, such as the first network device 110 and the second network device 120 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the second network device 120 may serve as a relay station between the first network device 110 and the terminal device 130.
  • the second network device may also be an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS).
  • IRS intelligent reflecting surface
  • the IRS 220 in the wireless communication system 200 may be used as the first network device 110 and the terminal device 130. Relay station between.
  • the IRS220 is composed of hundreds of passive metasurface elements.
  • the wireless communication system 100 includes at least one terminal device, such as the terminal device 130 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the first network device 110 shown in FIG. 1 can transmit data to the terminal device 130 via the downlink, or the terminal device 130 can transmit data to the first network device via the uplink. transfer data.
  • the first network device can perform reliable transmission with the terminal device through the second network device. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the first network device 110 will transmit to The data of the terminal device 130 is transmitted to the second network device 120, and the second network device 120 reflects the received data to the terminal device 130, or the terminal device 130 transmits the data to be transmitted to the first network device 110 to the second network Device 120, the second network device 120 then reflects the received data to the first network device 110.
  • first network device a terminal device
  • second network device a second network device
  • first network devices terminal devices, and second network devices
  • the wireless communication system 100 can support downlink MIMO. Specifically, the wireless communication system 100 may support single-user multiple input multiple output (single-user multiple input multiple output, SU-MIMO), or the wireless communication system 100 may also support multiple-user multiple input multiple output (multiple-user multiple output). multiple input multiple output, MU-MIMO). Wherein, the first network device 110 may use the existing space division multiplexing technology to send downlink data to a single user or to multiple users. For the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here.
  • each array element in the second network device can independently adjust the amplitude and phase of the incident signal, thereby obtaining a high Array gain.
  • the second network device can also introduce additional propagation paths to improve channel quality.
  • the IRS controls the state of the semiconductor device on the back of each metasurface element, for example, controls the on and off of the PIN diode, and each element can independently carry out the amplitude and phase of the incident signal. Adjust to obtain a high array gain.
  • the IRS only needs to configure a simple control circuit to control the amplitude and phase modulation factor of each array element, does not need to have baseband capabilities, and has very low power consumption and cost. Therefore, the IRS is added to the traditional MIMO system, and the intelligent reflector composed of intelligent reflecting surface aided multiple input multiple output (IRS-aided MIMO) system can be used on the premise of not significantly increasing power consumption and cost. Further improve the spectrum efficiency.
  • IRS-aided MIMO intelligent reflecting surface aided multiple input multiple output
  • the system 100 needs to know complete channel information.
  • the system 100 needs to know the channel vector between the first network device and the terminal device, and the first network device and the second network device respectively.
  • the channel vector between equipment and terminal equipment Since the number of array elements of the second network device is hundreds or thousands, the channel between the first network device, the second network device and the terminal device usually has a huge dimension. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for estimating the channel between the first network device, the second network device and the terminal device with low pilot overhead, low time delay, and high accuracy.
  • the second terminal device as an IRS as an example, since the IRS has hundreds of array elements, and at the same time, the IRS does not have a baseband function. Therefore, the channel estimation between the first network device, the IRS, and the terminal device must be performed on the terminal device side, and the channel state information reference information (channel state information) can only be sent through time-division multiplexing (TDM). -reference signal, CSI-RS) for channel estimation.
  • TDM time-division multiplexing
  • An existing IRS-aided MIMO system channel estimation method is as follows: First, the first network device notifies the IRS to close all array elements. Then the first network device sends the CSI-RS to the terminal device, and the first network device can send the CSI-RS in multiple ways. For example, the first network device can send the CSI-RS in TDM mode; or the first network device can also The CSI-RS is transmitted in a frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) manner; alternatively, the first network device may also transmit the CSI-RS in a code-division multiplexing (CDM) manner. The terminal device estimates the channel between the first network device and the terminal device based on the received signal.
  • FDM frequency-division multiplexing
  • CDM code-division multiplexing
  • the first network device notifies the IRS to turn on each array element one by one, and sends the CSI-RS according to the TDM mode.
  • the terminal device estimates the channel between the first network device, the IRS, and the terminal device, all elements of the IRS are in the off reflection mode, and the terminal device estimates the channel between the first network device, the IRS, and the terminal device.
  • the IRS turns on each array element one by one, so that the array element is in the open reflection mode.
  • the terminal equipment estimates the corresponding channels when each array element is turned on.
  • the terminal equipment combines all the corresponding channels when the array elements are turned on and subtracts the previously estimated channel between the first network equipment and the terminal equipment. Obtain the channel between the first network device, the IRS, and the terminal device.
  • the present application provides a method for estimating a channel between a first network device, a second network device, and a terminal device with low pilot overhead, low time delay, and high accuracy.
  • "used to indicate” may include used for direct indication and used for indirect indication, and may also include explicit indication and implicit indication.
  • the information indicated by a certain piece of information is called information to be indicated.
  • the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated or the information to be indicated.
  • the information to be indicated can also be indicated indirectly by indicating other information, where there is an association relationship between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, it is also possible to use a pre-arranged (for example, protocol stipulation) whether there is a certain cell to indicate the information to be indicated, so as to reduce the indication overhead to a certain extent.
  • a pre-arranged for example, protocol stipulation
  • the first, second, and various numerical numbers are only for easy distinction for description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, distinguish different time offset parameters, different information, and so on.
  • the embodiments shown below take the interaction between the first network device, the second network device, and the terminal device as an example to describe in detail the method provided by the embodiment of the present application. But this should not constitute any limitation to this application.
  • the terminal device shown in the following embodiments may be replaced with a component (such as a chip, a chip system, or a circuit, etc.) configured in the terminal device.
  • the network device shown in the following embodiments can also be replaced with a component (such as a chip, a chip system, or a circuit, etc.) configured in the network device.
  • the embodiments shown below do not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution body of the method provided in the embodiments of the application, as long as the program can be run and recorded with the code of the method provided in the embodiments of the application to provide the method according to the embodiments of the application.
  • the execution subject of the method provided in this embodiment of the application may be a terminal device, a first network device, or a second network device, or the terminal device, the first network device, or the second network device
  • the function module that can call the program and execute the program.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the method 400 includes S401-S406, and each step is described in detail below.
  • the first network device sends one or more first reference signals.
  • the dth port of the terminal device receives one or more first reference signals from the first network device.
  • D is the number of ports of the terminal device, and D is a positive integer.
  • the embodiment of this application does not specifically limit the manner in which the first network device sends the first reference signal.
  • the first network device may send the first reference signal in TDM mode; or, the first network device may also send the first reference signal in FDM mode.
  • a reference signal; or, the first network device may also send the first reference signal in a CDM manner.
  • the first reference signal sent by the first network device may be a reference signal precoded by the first network device according to the first precoding matrix.
  • the first precoding matrix may be codewords in the Type I/II codebook in R15.
  • the terminal device may have one or more receiving ports, and all the receiving ports of the terminal device receive the first reference signal.
  • the d-th port of the terminal device obtains the first channel vector h 1,d according to the received first reference signal.
  • h 1,d is the channel vector of the channel between the first network device and the dth port of the terminal device.
  • the method for the terminal device to obtain the first channel vector h 1,d can refer to the prior art. For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.
  • the dth port of the terminal device receives N second reference signals.
  • N is the number of ports of the second reference signal, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the number of ports of the second reference signal is less than the number of ports of the second network device.
  • each second reference signal is a reference signal generated by superposing the first component and the second component.
  • the nth first component corresponds to the nth third reference signal sent by the first network device
  • the nth second component corresponds to the nth fourth reference signal sent by the second network device.
  • the nth third reference signal is the reference signal precoded by the first network device based on the first precoding matrix
  • the nth fourth reference signal is the nth third reference signal of the second network device based on the second precoding matrix.
  • the terminal device may have one or more receiving ports, and all the receiving ports of the terminal device receive the second reference signal.
  • the N second reference signals received by the terminal device are sent in a TDM manner.
  • the nth third reference signal may directly reach the terminal device through the channel between the first network device and the terminal device, and at the same time, it may also pass through the first network device and the terminal device.
  • the channel between a network device, a second network device and the terminal device reaches the terminal device. Therefore, the nth second reference signal received by the terminal device can be understood as being generated by superimposing the nth third reference signal directly from the first network device and the nth fourth reference signal directly from the second network device. Reference signal.
  • the second precoding matrix is used to process the fourth channel vector h 4,d to obtain the third channel vector h 3,d , where the number of ports of the third channel vector h 3,d is smaller than the fourth channel vector h
  • the number of ports of 4,d can also be understood as the sparseness of the third channel vector h 3,d.
  • the second precoding matrix is used to process the fourth channel vector h 4,d , that is, to perform spatial compression on the fourth channel vector h 4,d to obtain a sparse third channel vector h 3,d .
  • V is a matrix composed of a set of orthogonal bases
  • the first precoding matrix may be codewords in the Type I/II codebook in R15.
  • U is the matrix consisting of a set of orthogonal basis
  • the first precoding matrix can be used to process the fourth channel vector h 4,d together with the second precoding matrix.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific manner in which the terminal device obtains the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix.
  • the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix may be calculated by the terminal device.
  • the terminal device sends the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix to the first network device.
  • the first network device sends the second precoding matrix to the second network device.
  • the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix may be calculated by the first network device.
  • the first network device sends the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix to the terminal device.
  • the first network device sends the second precoding matrix to the second network device.
  • the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix may be specified by a communication protocol.
  • the terminal device obtains the second channel vector h 2,d according to the received N second reference signals.
  • the terminal device calculates a third channel vector h 3,d according to the obtained second channel vector h 2,d and the first channel vector h 1,d sum.
  • the terminal device calculates the fourth channel vector h 4,d according to the third channel vector h 3 ,d.
  • the terminal device can use compressed sensing or The artificial intelligence algorithm calculates the fourth channel vector h 4,d .
  • the terminal device may use the fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel vector h 1,d Jointly obtain the third precoding matrix And the fourth precoding matrix Then send the third precoding matrix to the first network device And the fourth precoding matrix Further, the first network device sends the received fourth precoding matrix to the second network device Among them, the third precoding matrix Is the precoding matrix used when the first network device transmits data to the terminal device, and the fourth precoding matrix It is the precoding matrix used when the second network device transmits data to the terminal device.
  • the embodiment of the application sends the fourth precoding matrix to the first network device
  • the specific method is not limited.
  • the first sends the fourth precoding matrix to the second network device through wireless transmission dynamic signaling
  • the first network device sends the fourth precoding matrix to the second network device through RRC signaling
  • the first network device sends the fourth precoding matrix to the second network device through a wired transmission control signal
  • the terminal device takes the first index as the optimization target, and iterates the following two processes until the optimization target no longer increases: (1) Fix the third precoding matrix Calculate the fourth precoding matrix (2) Fixed fourth precoding matrix Calculate the third precoding matrix
  • the first index includes one or more of the following: spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, transmission rate, and error with the target transmission scheme. If the first index is spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, or transmission rate, the optimization goal is to maximize the first index. If the first indicator is the error from the target transmission scheme, the optimization objective is to minimize the first indicator, and the target transmission scheme is the optimal transmission scheme between the first network device, the second network device, and the terminal device.
  • the terminal device calculates the fourth channel vector h 4,d and obtains the first channel vector h 1,d
  • the terminal device sends the fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel to the first network device The vector h 1,d .
  • the first network device jointly obtains the third precoding matrix according to the received fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel vector h 1,d And the fourth precoding matrix Further, the first network device sends the fourth precoding matrix to the second network device
  • the first network device jointly obtains the third precoding matrix according to the received fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel vector h 1,d And the fourth precoding matrix
  • the process is as described above, for the sake of brevity, I will not repeat it here.
  • the first network device can use TDM at different ports, or can use FDM, or can use CDM to send the first reference signal. As shown in (a) of FIG. 5, different ports of the first network device in the figure send the first reference signal on the same time slot and different time-frequency resource units. However, in the process of calculating the fourth channel vector h 4,d by the terminal device, the first network device sends the third reference signal through TDM, as shown in Figure 5(b), the first network device in the figure is different The port sends the third reference signal in different time slots of the same time-frequency resource unit.
  • the terminal device calculates the first channel vector h 1,d , the number of time-frequency resource elements (resource elements, RE) occupied by the first reference signal should be greater than or equal to the number of ports of the first network device.
  • the terminal device calculates the fourth channel vector h 4,d , the second network device generates the fourth reference signal according to the third reference signal from the first network device, and sends the fourth reference signal to the terminal device.
  • the number of REs is much smaller than the number of ports of the second network device.
  • a second precoding matrix with a spatial compression function is designed to perform spatial compression on the fourth channel vector h 4,d to obtain sparsity, so that the number of ports is estimated according to h 3,d with a smaller number of ports.
  • the larger h 4,d the method provided by the embodiment of the present application can fully exploit the sparsity of the fourth channel vector h 4,d in the spatial domain, and can reduce pilot overhead and time delay.
  • the entire array gain of the second network device can also be obtained, which improves the SNR and estimation accuracy of channel estimation.
  • the embodiment of the present application also designs a first precoding matrix with a spatial compression function.
  • the sparsity of the fourth channel vector h 4,d in the spatial domain can be further mined to reduce the pilot overhead and time delay of channel estimation.
  • the first network device is configured with M ports
  • the IRS is configured with T ports
  • the terminal device is configured with 1 antenna as examples.
  • M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1
  • T is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. But this should not constitute any limitation to this application.
  • the method provided in the embodiments of the present application is also applicable to scenarios where there are multiple terminal devices or the terminal devices are configured with multiple antennas.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method provided by another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the method 600 includes S601-S610, and each step is described in detail below.
  • the first network device sends first indication information to the IRS.
  • the IRS receives the first indication information from the network device.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct the IRS to turn off all array elements.
  • S602 The IRS closes all the array elements according to the first indication information, so that all the array elements are in the off reflection mode.
  • S603 The network device sends the first reference signal to the terminal device.
  • the first reference signal is used to obtain the first channel vector h 1,d .
  • the terminal device obtains the first channel vector h 3 .
  • the method for the terminal device to obtain the first channel vector h 1,d can refer to the prior art. For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.
  • S605 The network device sends second indication information to the IRS.
  • the IRS receives the second indication information from the network device.
  • the second indication information is used to instruct the IRS to turn on all array elements.
  • S606 The IRS turns on all the array elements according to the second instruction information, so that all the array elements are in the open reflection mode.
  • S607 The terminal device receives the second reference signal.
  • the second reference signal is used to obtain the second channel vector h 2,d .
  • the terminal device calculates the fourth channel vector h 4,d .
  • the terminal device calculates the fourth channel vector h 4,d according to the received N second reference signals.
  • the nth second reference signal received by the terminal device It can be expressed as:
  • ⁇ n is equivalent to ⁇ n , that is, ⁇ n is the second precoding matrix.
  • Equation (2) can be understood as the first precoding matrix and the second precoding matrix acting on each channel vector. It can be understood that y, ⁇ n , h 1,d, and w n in formula (2) are known by the terminal device. Therefore, the terminal device can calculate the equivalent matrix of the fourth channel vector h 4,d according to the first channel vector h 1,d and the second channel vector h 2,d
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the second precoding matrix is designed as a beam codebook based on spatial compression as follows:
  • Is the DFT matrix which can realize the spatial compression of each row of the channel matrix H 4, Is the sample vector.
  • the embodiment of this application does not limit the specific form of b n .
  • b n can be a random Bernoulli vector, that is , each element of b n is randomly selected from the set ⁇ +1, -1 ⁇ To select.
  • the IRS in the reflection mode is turned on from the beam codebook Select a codeword in, that is, select a second precoding matrix ⁇ n .
  • the N second reference signals received by the terminal device can be expressed as:
  • equation (5) can be regarded as a classic sparse signal reconstruction problem.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific compressed sensing algorithm used to solve equation (5).
  • a learned approximate message passing (LAMP) algorithm based on deep learning may be used.
  • the essential idea of the LAMP algorithm is based on the classic approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm iteration framework, and the neural network is used to learn the optimal iterative operation process, thereby avoiding the traditional AMP algorithm when using experience to select correction factors and other parameters. The performance loss.
  • the t+1th iteration of the LAMP algorithm includes the following two steps:
  • the normalized mean square error is defined as:
  • S609 is executed by the terminal device.
  • the terminal device reports the fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel vector h 1,d to the first network device in an implicit feedback manner. That is, the terminal device first obtains the third precoding matrix jointly according to the fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel vector h 1,d And the fourth precoding matrix The third precoding matrix And the fourth precoding matrix Report to the first network device. Since the terminal device only feeds back the third precoding matrix And the fourth precoding matrix Therefore, implicit feedback has lower feedback overhead, but since the terminal device cannot learn the channels of other terminal devices, its optimization result often leads to greater interference, so it is more suitable for single-user scenarios.
  • S609 is performed by the first network device.
  • the terminal device reports the fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel vector h 1,d in an explicit feedback manner.
  • the terminal device reports the fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel vector h 1,d to the first network device.
  • the first network device jointly obtains the third precoding matrix according to the received fourth channel vector h 4,d and the first channel vector h 1,d And the fourth precoding matrix Since the terminal device needs to feed back high-dimensional channel information, explicit feedback has a higher feedback overhead, but the first network device has the channel information of all terminal devices, and explicit feedback can effectively eliminate multi-user interference, so it is more suitable for multi-users Scenes.
  • the embodiment of the present application jointly obtains the third precoding matrix for the terminal device or the first network device And the fourth precoding matrix
  • the specific method of is not limited.
  • the first index is used as the optimization target, and the following two processes are iterated until the optimization target no longer increases: (1) Fix the third precoding matrix Calculate the fourth precoding matrix (2) Fixed fourth precoding matrix Calculate the third precoding matrix
  • the first indicator includes one or more of the following: spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, transmission rate, and error with the target transmission scheme. If the first index is spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, or transmission rate, the optimization goal is to maximize the first index. If the first indicator is the error from the target transmission scheme, the optimization objective is to minimize the first indicator, and the target transmission scheme is the optimal transmission scheme between the first network device, the second network device, and the terminal device.
  • the essential idea is to optimize another precoding matrix by fixing one precoding matrix, and iterate alternately until convergence, so as to transform the unsolvable non-convex optimization problem into a solvable optimization sub-problem.
  • the embodiment of the present application takes maximizing the transmission rate of the system as an example in a single-port single-user scenario, and describes in detail to obtain the third precoding matrix And the fourth precoding matrix the process of. However, this should not limit the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to multi-user scenarios, as well as scenarios where the optimization objective is to maximize spectrum efficiency, energy efficiency, and the like.
  • the embodiment of the present application may fix the third precoding matrix Calculate the fourth precoding matrix Fixed fourth precoding matrix Calculate the third precoding matrix In this way, a suboptimal solution to the problem is obtained.
  • the above problem is convex, and the optimal It can be obtained directly by combining the maximum ratio, namely:
  • arg(.) represents the phase operation. Repeated calculation of equations (11) and (12) until the objective function in equation (10) no longer increases, then the optimal versus
  • network device precoding and IRS precoding can be selected from a codebook, for example, the Type I/II codebook in R15.
  • the optimal fourth precoding matrix is obtained And the third precoding matrix
  • the embodiment of the present application can select the codeword closest to the optimization result (the smallest Euclidean distance) from the relevant codebook as the actual network device precoding and IRS precoding, and adopt the Type I/II codebook reporting method Report.
  • the embodiment of the present application may group the array elements of the IRS. As shown in FIG. 8, for different array elements in the same group, the embodiment of the present application only feeds back one amplitude and phase modulation factor, and a small amount of performance loss is exchanged for a reduction in feedback overhead.
  • the first network device sends a fourth precoding matrix to the IRS
  • the embodiment of the application sends the fourth precoding matrix to the first network device
  • the specific method is not limited.
  • the first sends the fourth precoding matrix to the IRS through wireless transmission dynamic signaling
  • the first network device sends the fourth precoding matrix to the IRS through RRC signaling
  • the first network device sends the fourth precoding matrix to the IRS through a wired transmission control signal.
  • the pilot overhead of the traditional scheme is N, which indicates that the embodiment of the present application can reduce the pilot overhead by more than 87.5%.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1000 may include a processing unit 1100 and a transceiving unit 1200.
  • the communication device 1000 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiment, for example, it may be a terminal device, or a component (such as a chip or a chip system) configured in the terminal device.
  • the communication device 1000 may correspond to the terminal equipment in the method 400 and the method 600 according to the embodiments of the present application, and the communication device 1000 may include a terminal device for executing the method 400 in FIG. 4 and the method 600 in FIG. The unit of the method performed by the device.
  • each unit in the communication device 1000 and other operations and/or functions described above are used to implement the corresponding processes of the method 400 in FIG. 4 and the method 600 in FIG. 6, respectively.
  • the processing unit 1100 can be used to execute S402, S404-S406 in the method 400, and the transceiver unit 1200 can be used to execute S401 and S403 in the method 400. It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the foregoing corresponding steps has been described in detail in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the processing unit 1100 can be used to execute S602, S608, and S609 in the method 600, and the transceiver unit 1200 can be used to execute steps S603, S607, and S609 in the method 600. It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the foregoing corresponding steps has been described in detail in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by a transceiver, for example, it may correspond to the transceiver 2020 in the terminal device 2000 shown in FIG.
  • the processing unit 1100 in 1000 may be implemented by at least one processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 2010 in the terminal device 2000 shown in FIG. 10.
  • the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 can be implemented through an input/output interface, and the processing unit 1100 in the communication device 1000 can be implemented through the Implementation of a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on a chip or chip system.
  • the communication device 1000 may correspond to the first network device in the above method embodiment, for example, it may be the first network device, or a component (such as a chip) configured in the first network device. Or chip system).
  • the communication device 1000 may correspond to the first network device in the method 400 and the method 600 according to the embodiments of the present application, and the communication device 1000 may include a method for executing the method 400 in FIG. 4 and the method 600 in FIG. The unit of the method executed by the first network device.
  • each unit in the communication device 1000 and other operations and/or functions described above are used to implement the corresponding processes of the method 400 in FIG. 4 and the method 600 in FIG. 6, respectively.
  • the processing unit 1100 can be used to execute S401 and S403 in the method 400
  • the transceiver unit 1200 can be used to execute S401 and S403 in the method 400. It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the foregoing corresponding steps has been described in detail in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the processing unit 1100 can be used to execute S609 in the method 600
  • the transceiver unit 1200 can be used to execute steps S601, S603, S605, S607, and S610 in the method 600. It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the foregoing corresponding steps has been described in detail in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by a transceiver, for example, it may correspond to the transceiver 3200 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 11.
  • the processing unit 1100 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by at least one processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 3100 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 11.
  • the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented through an input/output interface, and the processing unit 1100 in the communication device 1000 may It is realized by the processor, microprocessor or integrated circuit integrated on the chip or chip system.
  • the communication device 1000 may correspond to the second network device in the above method embodiment, for example, it may be the second network device, or a component (such as a chip) configured in the second network device. Or chip system).
  • the communication device 1000 may correspond to the second network device in the method 400 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1000 may include a unit for executing the method executed by the second network device in the method 400 in FIG. 4 .
  • each unit in the communication device 1000 and other operations and/or functions described above are used to implement the corresponding process of the method 400 in FIG. 4.
  • the processing unit 1100 may be used to execute S403 in the method 400
  • the transceiver unit 1200 may be used to execute S403 in the method 400. It should be understood that the specific process of each unit performing the foregoing corresponding steps has been described in detail in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by a transceiver, for example, it may correspond to the transceiver 3200 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 11.
  • the processing unit 1100 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by at least one processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 3100 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 11.
  • the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented through an input/output interface, and the processing unit 1100 in the communication device 1000 may It is realized by the processor, microprocessor or integrated circuit integrated on the chip or chip system.
  • the communication device 1000 may correspond to the IRS in the above method embodiment, for example, it may be an IRS, or a component (such as a chip or a chip system) configured in the IRS.
  • the communication device 1000 may correspond to the IRS in the method 600 according to the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1000 may include a unit for executing the method performed by the IRS in the method 600 in FIG. 6.
  • each unit in the communication device 1000 and other operations and/or functions described above are used to implement the corresponding process of the method 600 in FIG. 6.
  • the processing unit 1100 can be used to execute steps S602 and S606 in the method 600, and the transceiver unit 1200 can be used to execute S601, S605, S607, and S610 in the method 600.
  • the specific process of each unit performing the foregoing corresponding steps has been described in detail in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not repeated here for brevity.
  • the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 may be implemented by a transceiver, for example, it may correspond to the transceiver 3200 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 11, and the communication device 1000
  • the processing unit 1100 in may be implemented by at least one processor, for example, may correspond to the processor 3100 in the network device 3000 shown in FIG. 11.
  • the transceiver unit 1200 in the communication device 1000 can be implemented through an input/output interface, and the processing unit 1100 in the communication device 1000 can be implemented through the Implementation of a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on a chip or chip system.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 2000 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 2000 can be applied to the system shown in FIG. 1 to perform the functions of the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the terminal device 2000 includes a processor 2010 and a transceiver 2020.
  • the terminal device 2000 further includes a memory 2030.
  • the processor 2010, the transceiver 2002, and the memory 2030 can communicate with each other through internal connection paths to transfer control and/or data signals.
  • the memory 2030 is used for storing computer programs, and the processor 2010 is used for downloading from the memory 2030. Call and run the computer program to control the transceiver 2020 to send and receive signals.
  • the terminal device 2000 may further include an antenna 2040 for transmitting the uplink data or uplink control signaling output by the transceiver 2020 through a wireless signal.
  • the above-mentioned processor 2010 and the memory 2030 may be combined into a processing device, and the processor 2010 is configured to execute the program code stored in the memory 2030 to realize the above-mentioned functions.
  • the memory 2030 may also be integrated in the processor 2010 or independent of the processor 2010.
  • the processor 2010 may correspond to the processing unit 1100 in FIG. 9.
  • the aforementioned transceiver 2020 may correspond to the transceiver unit 1200 in FIG. 9, and may also be referred to as a transceiver unit.
  • the transceiver 2020 may include a receiver (or receiver, receiving circuit) and a transmitter (or transmitter, transmitting circuit). Among them, the receiver is used to receive signals, and the transmitter is used to transmit signals.
  • the terminal device 2000 shown in FIG. 10 can implement various processes involving the terminal device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6.
  • the operations and/or functions of the various modules in the terminal device 2000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned processor 2010 may be used to perform the actions implemented inside the terminal device described in the foregoing method embodiments, such as estimating the fourth channel vector and estimating the first channel vector.
  • the transceiver 2020 can be used to perform the actions described in the foregoing method embodiments that the terminal device sends to or receives from the first network device or the second network device, such as sending the first channel vector and the fourth channel vector, Receive reference signals, etc.
  • the terminal device sends to or receives from the first network device or the second network device, such as sending the first channel vector and the fourth channel vector, Receive reference signals, etc.
  • the aforementioned terminal device 2000 may further include a power source 2050, which is used to provide power to various devices or circuits in the terminal device.
  • the terminal device 2000 may also include one or more of an input unit 2060, a display unit 2070, an audio circuit 2080, a camera 2090, and a sensor 2100.
  • the audio circuit It may also include a speaker 2082, a microphone 2084, and so on.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application, for example, it may be a schematic structural diagram of a base station.
  • the base station 3000 can be applied to the system shown in FIG. 1 to perform the functions of the first network device or the second network device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the base station 3000 may include one or more radio frequency units, such as a remote radio unit (RRU) 3100 and one or more baseband units (BBU) (also known as distributed unit (DU) )) 3200.
  • RRU 3100 may be referred to as a transceiving unit or a part of the transceiving unit, which corresponds to the transceiving unit 1100 in FIG. 9.
  • the transceiver unit 3100 may also be called a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., and it may include at least one antenna 3101 and a radio frequency unit 3102.
  • the transceiver unit 3100 may include a receiving unit and a transmitting unit, the receiving unit may correspond to a receiver (or receiver, receiving circuit), and the transmitting unit may correspond to a transmitter (or transmitter or transmitting circuit).
  • the RRU 3100 part is mainly used for receiving and sending radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals and baseband signals, for example, for sending reference signals to terminal devices, and receiving first channel vectors and fourth channel vectors, and so on. For details, please refer to the description in the previous method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the 3200 part of the BBU is mainly used for baseband processing, control of the base station, and so on.
  • the RRU 3100 and the BBU 3200 may be physically set together, or may be physically separated, that is, a distributed base station.
  • the BBU 3200 is the control center of the base station, and may also be referred to as a processing unit. It may correspond to the processing unit 1200 in FIG. 9 and may be used to complete baseband processing functions, such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, and spreading.
  • the BBU processing unit
  • the BBU may be used to control the base station to execute the operation procedure of the first network device in the foregoing method embodiment, for example, to generate the first reference signal.
  • the BBU (processing unit) may be used to control the base station to execute the operation procedure of the second network device in the foregoing method embodiment, for example, to generate a third reference signal.
  • the description in the previous method embodiment which will not be repeated here.
  • the BBU 3200 may be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards may jointly support a radio access network (such as an LTE network) of a single access standard, or support different access standards. Wireless access network (such as LTE network, 5G network or other networks).
  • the BBU 3200 also includes a memory 3201 and a processor 3202.
  • the memory 3201 is used to store necessary instructions and data.
  • the processor 3202 is configured to control the base station to perform necessary actions, for example, to control the base station to execute the operation procedure of the network device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the memory 3201 and the processor 3202 may serve one or more single boards. In other words, the memory and the processor can be set separately on each board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits can be provided on each board.
  • the base station 3000 shown in FIG. 11 can implement each process involving the first network device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6.
  • the operations and/or functions of the various modules in the base station 3000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the base station 3000 shown in FIG. 11 can implement each process involving the second network device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
  • the operations and/or functions of the various modules in the base station 3000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned BBU 3200 can be used to perform the actions implemented by the first network device or the second network device described in the previous method embodiment, and the RRU 3100 can be used to perform the first network device to the terminal device described in the previous method embodiment.
  • the base station 3000 shown in FIG. 11 is only a possible form of network equipment, and should not constitute any limitation in this application.
  • the method provided in this application can be applied to other types of network equipment.
  • it may include AAU, it may also include CU and/or DU, or it may include BBU and adaptive radio unit (ARU), or BBU; it may also be customer premises equipment (CPE), or it may be
  • AAU AAU
  • CU CU
  • DU BBU
  • BBU adaptive radio unit
  • BBU BBU
  • CPE customer premises equipment
  • the CU and/or DU can be used to perform the actions described in the previous method embodiments implemented by the network device, and the AAU can be used to perform the network device described in the previous method embodiments to send to the first terminal device or from the first terminal device.
  • An action received by a terminal device please refer to the description in the previous method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic block diagram of an IRS4000 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the IRS4000 can be applied to the system shown in FIG. 2 to perform the functions of the IRS in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the IRS4000 includes a processor 4100 and a transceiver 4200, and the processor 4100 is connected to the transceiver 4200.
  • the IRS4000 further includes a memory 4300, which is connected to the processor 4100.
  • the processor 4100, the memory 4300, and the transceiver 4200 can communicate with each other through internal connection paths.
  • the above-mentioned processor 4100 may be used to execute the actions described in the foregoing method embodiments and implemented internally by the IRS, such as generating a fourth reference signal.
  • the transceiver 2020 may be used to perform the actions described in the foregoing method embodiments that the IRS sends to the terminal device or receives from the first network device, such as sending a fourth reference signal, receiving a third reference signal, and so on.
  • the IRS sends to the terminal device or receives from the first network device, such as sending a fourth reference signal, receiving a third reference signal, and so on.
  • the IRS4000 shown in FIG. 12 can implement various processes related to the IRS in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 6.
  • the operation and/or function of each module in the IRS4000 is to implement the corresponding process in the above method embodiment.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a processing device, including a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to execute the method in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the aforementioned processing device may be one or more chips.
  • the processing device may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on chip (SoC), or It is a central processor unit (CPU), it can also be a network processor (NP), it can also be a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), or it can be a microcontroller (microcontroller unit). , MCU), it can also be a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • SoC system on chip
  • CPU central processor unit
  • NP network processor
  • DSP digital signal processing circuit
  • microcontroller unit microcontroller unit
  • MCU programmable logic device
  • each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability.
  • the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components .
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • dynamic RAM dynamic RAM
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • synchronous dynamic random access memory synchronous DRAM, SDRAM
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous connection dynamic random access memory serial DRAM, SLDRAM
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes Figure 4 and Figure 6 The method respectively executed by the terminal device, the first network device and the second network device in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable medium that stores program code, and when the program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the steps shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6
  • the method respectively performed by the terminal device, the first network device and the second network device in the illustrated embodiment is shown.
  • the present application also provides a system, which includes the aforementioned one or more terminal devices, one or more first network devices, and one or more second network devices.
  • the first network equipment and the second network equipment in the above-mentioned device embodiments completely correspond to the terminal equipment and the first network equipment, the second network equipment or the terminal equipment in the method embodiments, and the corresponding modules or units execute the corresponding steps.
  • the communication unit executes the steps of receiving or sending in the method embodiment, and other steps except sending and receiving may be executed by the processing unit (processor).
  • the processing unit executes the functions of specific units, refer to the corresponding method embodiments. Among them, there may be one or more processors.
  • component used in this specification are used to denote computer-related entities, hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution.
  • the component may be, but is not limited to, a process, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, and/or a computer running on a processor.
  • the application running on the computing device and the computing device can be components.
  • One or more components may reside in processes and/or threads of execution, and components may be located on one computer and/or distributed among two or more computers.
  • these components can be executed from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • the component can be based on, for example, a signal having one or more data packets (e.g. data from two components interacting with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and/or a network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through a signal) Communicate through local and/or remote processes.
  • a signal having one or more data packets (e.g. data from two components interacting with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and/or a network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through a signal) Communicate through local and/or remote processes.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • each functional unit may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented by software, it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions (programs).
  • programs When the computer program instructions (programs) are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center. Transmission to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium, (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk, SSD)) etc.
  • a magnetic medium for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape
  • an optical medium for example, a high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)
  • a semiconductor medium for example, a solid state disk, SSD
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种信道信息获取的方法和通信装置，可以减小获取信道信息的导频开销和时延。该方法包括：终端设备的第d个端口接收一个或多个第一参考信号，该第一参考信号为来自第一网络设备的参考信号；该终端设备根据接收到的该第一参考信号获得第一信道向量h 1,d，该h 1,d为该终端设备的第d个端口与该第一网络设备之间的信道的信道向量；该终端设备的第d个端口接收N个第二参考信号；该终端设备根据接收到的该第二参考信号获得第二信道向量h 2,d；该终端设备根据该h 1,d和该h 2,d计算第三信道向量h 3,d，该h 3,d的端口数小于第四信道向量h 4,d的端口数，该h 4,d为该第一网络设备、第二网络设备和该终端设备的第d个端口之间的信道的信道向量；该终端设备根据该h 3,d计算该h 4,d。

Description

一种信道信息获取的方法 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，更具体地，涉及一种信道信息获取的方法。
背景技术
在已有的多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output，MIMO)系统中加入另一个网络设备，可以组成新的MIMO系统。MIMO系统在实际应用时，需要已知完整的信道信息。以频分双工(frequency division duplexing，FDD)下行传输为例，加入另一网络设备的MIMO系统为了进行第一网络设备与第二网络设备的联合预编码，需要分别已知第一网络设备与终端设备之间的信道信息以及第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的信道信息。由于第二网络设备的阵元数成百上千，第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的信道通常维度巨大。因此亟需一种导频开销低、时延低、精度高的方法获取第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的信道信息。
发明内容
本申请提供一种信道信息获取方法，能够降低获取第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的信道信息的过程中的导频开销和时延。
第一方面，提供了一种信道信息获取的方法，该方法包括：终端设备的第d个端口接收一个或多个第一参考信号，该第一参考信号为来自第一网络设备的参考信号，d∈[1,D]，D为该终端设备的端口数，D为正整数；该终端设备根据接收到的该第一参考信号获得第一信道向量h 1,d，该h 1,d为该终端设备的第d个端口与该第一网络设备之间的信道的信道向量；该终端设备的第d个端口接收N个第二参考信号，N为该第二参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数；该终端设备根据接收到的该第二参考信号获得第二信道向量h 2,d；该终端设备根据该h 1,d和该h 2,d计算第三信道向量h 3,d，该h 3,d的端口数小于第四信道向量h 4,d的端口数，该h 4,d为该第一网络设备、第二网络设备和该终端设备的第d个端口之间的信道的信道向量；该终端设备根据该h 3,d计算该h 4,d。
基于上述技术方案，终端设备根据接收到的第二参考信号得到的第三信道向量的端口数量小于第四信道向量的端口数。在此情况下，终端设备采用压缩感知或人工智能算法，根据第三信道向量可以计算出第四信道向量，从而降低了获取第四信道向量的导频开销和时延。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，每个第二参考信号包括第一分量和第二分量，该第一分量为第一预编码矩阵w n(n＝1,2,...,N)预编码产生的，该第二分量为该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)预编码产生的，该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵用于对该h 4,d进行处理以得到该h 3,d。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第二预编码矩阵具体表示为 θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Vb n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，V为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，b n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一预编码矩阵具体表示为w n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Ua n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，U为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，a n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
基于上述技术方案，第四信道向量经过第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵处理之后，可以得到端口数小于第四信道向量的端口数的第三信道向量。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该终端设备根据该h 1,d和该h 2,d计算第三信道向量h 3,d，包括：该终端设备根据公式h 3,d＝h 2,d-[h 1,dw 1,h 1,dw 2,...,h 1,dw N] T计算该h 3,d，其中w n(n＝1,2,...,N)为第一预编码矩阵。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该终端设备根据该h 3,d计算该h 4,d，包括：该终端设备根据公式h 3,d＝Φh 4,d计算该h 4,d，其中Φ为该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)的函数f(θ n(n＝1,2,...,N),w n(n＝1,2,...,N))。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该Φ表示为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000001
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备计算该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵；该终端设备向该第一网络设备发送该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备接收该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备根据该h 1,d和该h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000002
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000003
该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000004
为该第一网络设备向该终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000005
为该第二网络设备向该终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵；该终端设备向该第一网络设备发送该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000006
和该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000007
基于上述技术方案，由于终端设备仅向第一网络设备反馈第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000008
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000009
因此具有较低的反馈开销。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该终端设备根据该h 1,d和该h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000010
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000011
包括：该终端设备以第一指标为优化目标，迭代以下两个过程至优化目标不再增加：(1)固定该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000012
计算该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000013
(2)固定该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000014
计算该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000015
其中，该第一指标包括以下一项或多项：频谱效率、能量效率、传输速率和与目标传输方案之间的误差。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000016
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000017
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，arg(.)表示取相位运算。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000018
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000019
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，α为一个非零常数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备向该第一网络设备发送该h 1,d和该h 4,d。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该N个第二参考信号是以时分复用方式发送的。
第二方面，提供了一种信道信息获取的方法，该方法包括：第二网络设备从第一网络设备接收N个第三参考信号，N为该第三参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数；该第二网络设备生成N个第四参考信号，第n个第四参考信号为该第二网络设备基于第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)对第n个第三参考信号预编码后生成的参考信号，n∈[1,N]，该第二预编码矩阵用于对第四信道向量h 4,d进行处理以得到第三信道向量h 3,d，该h 3,d的端口数量小于该h 4,d的端口数量，该h 4,d为该第一网络设备、该第二网络设备和终端设备的第d个端口之间的信道的信道向量，d∈[1,D]，D为该终端设备的端口数，D为正整数；该第二网络设备向该终端设备发送N个该第四参考信号。
基于上述技术方案，第二网络设备采用第二预编码矩阵对第四信道向量进行处理，得到的第三信道向量的端口数小于第四信道向量的端口数。并且在此情况下，根据第三信道向量可以计算出第四信道向量，降低了获取第四信道向量的导频开销和时延。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二预编码矩阵具体表示为θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Vb n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，V为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，b n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，在该第二网络设备生成N个第四参考信号之前，该方法还包括：该第二网络设备从该第一网络设备接收该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该第二网络设备从该第一网络设备接收第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000020
该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000021
为该第二网络设备向该终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二网络设备向该终端设备发送N个该第四参考信号，包括：该第二网络设备以时分复用方式向该终端设备发送N个该第四参考信号。
第三方面，提供了一种信道信息获取的方法，该方法包括：第一网络设备发送一个或多个第一参考信号，该第一参考信号用于计算第一信道向量h 1,d，该h 1,d为终端设备的第d个端口与该第一网络设备之间的信道的信道向量，d∈[1,D]，D为该终端设备的端口数，D为正整数；该第一网络设备发送N个第三参考信号，该第三参考信号为该第一网络设备基于第一预编码矩阵w n(n＝1,2,...,N)预编码的参考信号，N为该第三参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数。
基于上述技术方案，第一网络设备向终端设备发送不同的参考。因此，终端设备根据接收到的不同参考信号可以获取不同的信道信息。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一预编码矩阵具体表示为w n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Ua n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，U为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，a n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，在该第一网络设备发送N个第三参考 信号之前，该方法还包括：该第一网络设备从该终端设备接收该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)，该第二预编码矩阵为第二网络设备用于对该第三参考信号预编码的矩阵；该第一网络设备向该第二网络设备发送该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，在该第一网络设备发送N个第三参考信号之前，该方法还包括：该第一网络设备计算该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)，该第二预编码矩阵为第二网络设备用于对该第三参考信号预编码的矩阵；该第一网络设备向该终端设备发送该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵；该第一网络设备向该第二网络设备发送该第二预编码矩阵。
基于上述技术方案，第一网络设备采用第一预编码矩阵以及第二网络设备采用第二预编码矩阵对第四信道向量进行处理，得到的第三信道向量的端口数小于第四信道向量的端口数。并且在此情况下，根据第三信道向量可以计算出第四信道向量，降低了获取第四信道向量的导频开销和时延。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该第一网络设备从该终端设备接收该h 1,d和该h 4,d。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该第一网络设备根据该h 1,d和该h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000022
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000023
该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000024
为该第一网络设备向该终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000025
为该第二网络设备向该终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵；该第一网络设备向该第二网络设备发送所述
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000026
基于上述技术方案，第一网络设备根据接收到的h 1,d和h 4,d计算第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000027
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000028
由于第一网络设备拥有所有终端设备的信道信息，因此，可以有效消除多用户的干扰。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第一网络设备根据该h 1,d和该h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000029
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000030
包括：该第一网络设备以第一指标为优化目标，迭代以下两个过程至优化目标不再增加：(1)固定该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000031
计算该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000032
(2)固定该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000033
计算该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000034
其中该第一指标包括以下一项或多项：频谱效率、能量效率、传输速率和与目标传输方案之间的误差。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000035
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000036
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，arg(.)表示取相位运算。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000037
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000038
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，α为一个非零常数。
第四方面，提供了一种信道信息获取的装置，该装置包括收发单元和处理单元：该收发单元用于接收一个或多个第一参考信号，该第一参考信号为来自第一网络设备的参考信号；该处理单元用于根据接收到的该第一参考信号获得第一信道向量h 1,d，该h 1,d为该装置的第d个端口与该第一网络设备之间的信道的信道向量，d∈[1,D]，D为该装置的端口数，D为正整数；该收发单元还用于接收N个第二参考信号，N为该第二参考信号的端口 数，N为大于或等于2的整数；该处理单元还用于根据接收到的该第二参考信号获得第二信道向量h 2,d；该处理单元还用于根据该h 1,d和该h 2,d计算第三信道向量h 3,d，该h 3,d的端口数小于第四信道向量h 4,d的端口数，该h 4,d为该第一网络设备、第二网络设备和该装置的第d个端口之间的信道的信道向量；该处理单元还用于根据该h 3,d计算该h 4,d。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，每个第二参考信号包括第一分量和第二分量，该第一分量为第一预编码矩阵w n(n＝1,2,...,N)预编码产生的，该第二分量为该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)预编码产生的，该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵用于对该h 4,d进行处理以得到该h 3,d。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第二预编码矩阵具体表示为θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Vb n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，V为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，b n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一预编码矩阵具体表示为w n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Ua n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，U为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，a n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元根据该h 1,d和该h 2,d计算第三信道向量h 3,d，包括：该处理单元根据公式h 3,d＝h 2,d-[h 1,dw 1,h 1,dw 2,...,h 1,dw N] T计算该h 3,d，其中w n(n＝1,2,...,N)为第一预编码矩阵。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元根据该h 3,d计算该h 4,d，包括：该处理单元根据公式h 3,d＝Φh 4,d计算该h 4,d，其中Φ为该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)的函数f(θ n(n＝1,2,...,N),w n(n＝1,2,...,N))。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该Φ表示为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000039
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元还用于计算该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵；该收发单元还用于向该第一网络设备发送该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元还用于接收该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元还用于根据该h 1,d和该h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000040
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000041
该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000042
为该第一网络设备向该装置传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000043
为该第二网络设备向该装置传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵；该收发单元还用于向该第一网络设备发送该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000044
和该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000045
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元还用于根据该h 1,d和该h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000046
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000047
包括：该处理单元以第一指标为优化目标，迭代以下两个过程至优化目标不再增加：(1)固定该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000048
计算该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000049
(2)固定该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000050
计算该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000051
其中，该第一指标包括以下一项或多项：频谱效率、能量效率、传输速率和与目标传输方案之间的误差。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000052
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000053
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，arg(.)表示取相位运算。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000054
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000055
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，α为一个非零常数。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元还用于向该第一网络设备发送该h 1,d和该h 4,d。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该N个第二参考信号是以时分复用方式发送的。
第五方面，提供了一种信道信息获取的装置，该装置包括处理单元和收发单元：该收发单元用于从第一网络设备接收N个第三参考信号，N为该第三参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数；该处理单元生成N个第四参考信号，第n个第四参考信号为该装置基于第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)对第n个第三参考信号预编码后生成的参考信号，n∈[1,N]，该第二预编码矩阵用于对第四信道向量h 4,d进行处理以得到第三信道向量h 3,d，该h 3,d的端口数量小于该h 4,d的端口数量，该h 4,d为该第一网络设备、该装置和终端设备的第d个端口之间的信道的信道向量，d∈[1,D]，D为该终端设备的端口数，D为正整数；该收发单元还用于向该终端设备发送N个该第四参考信号。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该第二预编码矩阵具体表示为θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Vb n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，V为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，b n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，在该处理单元生成N个第四参考信号之前，该收发单元还用于从第一网络设备接收该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该第二预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，收发单元还用于从该第一网络设备接收第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000056
该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000057
为该装置向该终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元向该终端设备发送N个该第四参考信号，包括：该收发单元以时分复用方式向该终端设备发送N个该第四参考信号。
第六方面，提供了一种信道信息获取的装置，该装置包括收发单元和处理单元：该收发单元还用于发送一个或多个第一参考信号，该第一参考信号用于计算第一信道向量h 1,d，该h 1,d为终端设备的第d个端口与该装置之间的信道的信道向量，d∈[1,D]，D为该终端设备的端口数，D为正整数；该收发单元还用于发送N个第三参考信号，该第三参考信号为该装置基于第一预编码矩阵w n(n＝1,2,...,N)预编码的参考信号，N为该第三参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该第一预编码矩阵具体表示为w n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Ua n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，U为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，a n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，在该收发单元发送N个第三参考信号之前，该收发单元还用于从该终端设备接收第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵 θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)，该第二预编码矩阵为第二网络设备用于对该第三参考信号预编码的矩阵；该收发单元还用于向所述第二网络设备发送该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，在该收发单元发送N个第三参考信号之前，该处理单元还用于计算该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)，该第二预编码矩阵为第二网络设备用于对该第三参考信号预编码的矩阵；该收发单元还用于向该终端设备发送该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵；该收发单元还用于向该第二网络设备发送该第二预编码矩阵。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该第一预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该收发单元还用于从该终端设备接收该h 1,d和该h 4,d。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元根据该h 1,d和该h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000058
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000059
该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000060
为该装置向该终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000061
为该第二网络设备向该终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵；该收发单元还用于向该第二网络设备发送所述
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000062
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该处理单元根据该h 1,d和该h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000063
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000064
包括：该处理单元以第一指标为优化目标，迭代以下两个过程至优化目标不再增加：(1)固定该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000065
计算该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000066
(2)固定该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000067
计算该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000068
其中，该第一指标包括以下一项或多项：频谱效率、能量效率、传输速率和与目标传输方案之间的误差。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000069
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000070
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，arg(.)表示取相位运算。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的某些实现方式中，该
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000071
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000072
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，α为一个非零常数。
第七方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令或者数据，以实现上述第一方面以及第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。其中，该通信装置还包括存储器。其中，该通信装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该通信装置为终端设备。当该通信装置为终端设备时，所述通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该通信装置为配置于终端设备中的芯片或芯片系统。当该通信装置为配置于终端设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
其中，所述收发器可以为收发电路。其中，所述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第八方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令或者数据，以实现上述第二方面以及第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。其中，该通信装置还包括存储器。其中，该通信装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该通信装置为第二网络设备。当该通信装置为第二网络设备时，所述通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该通信装置为配置于第二网络设备中的芯片或芯片系统。当该通信装置为配置于第二网络设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，该通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
其中，该收发器可以为收发电路。其中，该输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第九方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令或者数据，以实现上述第三方面以及第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。其中，该通信装置还包括存储器。其中，该通信装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。
在一种实现方式中，该通信装置为第一网络设备。当该通信装置为第一网络设备时，所述通信接口可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口。
在另一种实现方式中，该通信装置为配置于第一网络设备中的芯片或芯片系统。当该通信装置为配置于第一网络设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，所述通信接口可以是输入/输出接口。
其中，所述收发器可以为收发电路。其中，所述输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。
第十方面，提供了一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。所述处理电路用于通过所述输入电路接收信号，并通过所述输出电路发送信号，使得所述处理器执行第一方面至第三方面以及第一方面至第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为一个或多个芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第十一方面，提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中存储的指令，并可通过接收器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行第一方面至第三方面以及第一方面至第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
其中，该处理器为一个或多个，该存储器为一个或多个。
其中，该存储器可以与所述处理器集成在一起，或者该存储器与处理器分离设置。
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
应理解，相关的数据交互过程例如发送指示信息可以为从处理器输出指示信息的过程，接收能力信息可以为处理器接收输入能力信息的过程。具体地，处理器输出的数据可以输出给发射器，处理器接收的输入数据可以来自接收器。其中，发射器和接收器可以统称为收发器。
上述第十一方面中的处理装置可以是一个或多个芯片，或者，也可以是一个芯片系统。 该处理装置中的处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得执行上述第一方面至第三方面以及第一方面至第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十三方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面以及第一方面至第三方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十四方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括：前述的第二网络设备、第二网络设备和/或，前述终端设备。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的方法的无线通信系统的示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的方法的另一无线通信系统的示意图。
图3是智能反射板辅助多输入多输出系统信道估计方法的示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的方法的示意性流程图。
图5是资源映射的示意图。
图6是本申请另一实施例提供的方法的示意性流程图。
图7是智能反射板逐一生成波束码本中的码字的示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的智能反射板阵元分组方式的示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的示意性框图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的终端设备的结构示意图。
图11是本申请实施例提供的网络设备的结构示意图。
图12是本申请实施例提供的智能反射板的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、未来的第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统或新无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR)。其中，5G移动通信系统可以包括非独立组网(non-standalone，NSA)和/或独立组网(standalone，SA)。
本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于未来的通信系统，如第六代移动通信系统等。本申请对此不做限定。
本申请实施例中，网络设备可以是任意一种具有无线收发功能的设备。该设备包括但 不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission point，TP)或者发送接收点(transmission and reception point，TRP)等，还可以为5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)等。
在一些部署中，gNB可以包括集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和DU。gNB还可以包括有源天线单元(active antenna unit，AAU)。CU实现gNB的部分功能，DU实现gNB的部分功能，比如，CU负责处理非实时协议和服务，实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能。DU负责处理物理层协议和实时服务，实现无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。AAU实现部分物理层处理功能、射频处理及有源天线的相关功能。由于RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来，因而，在这种架构下，高层信令，如RRC层信令，也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU+AAU发送的。可以理解的是，网络设备可以为包括CU节点、DU节点、AAU节点中一项或多项的设备。此外，可以将CU划分为接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的网络设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网(core network，CN)中的网络设备，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备可以称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、终端(terminal)、移动台(mobile station，MS)和移动终端(mobile terminal)等；该终端设备还可以经无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)与一个或多个核心网进行通信。该终端设备还可称为接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。终端设备还可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、具有通信功能的车辆、可穿戴设备以及未来5G网络中的终端设备等。本申请实施例对此不做限定。
图1是本申请实施例提供的方法的无线通信系统的一示意图。
如图1所示，该无线通信系统100可以包括至少两个网络设备，例如图1所示的第一网络设备110和第二网络设备120。其中，第二网络设备120可以作为第一网络设备110和终端设备130之间的中继(relay)站。
在一种实现方式中，第二网络设备还可以是智能反射板(intelligent reflecting surface，IRS)，如图2所示，无线通信系统200中的IRS220可以作为第一网络设备110与终端设备130之间的中继站。该IRS220由成百上千个无源超表面阵元组成。
该无线通信系统100至少包括一个终端设备，例如图1所示的终端设备130。第一网 络设备与终端设备之间可以直接通信，例如图1所示的第一网络设备110可以通过下行链路向终端设备130传输数据，或者，终端设备130通过上行链路向第一网络设备传输数据。在第一网络设备与终端设备之间的传输路径存在遮挡的情况下，第一网络设备可以通过第二网络设备与终端设备进行可靠传输，例如图1所示，第一网络设备110将要传输给终端设备130的数据传输到第二网络设备120，第二网络设备120再将接收到的数据反射到终端设备130，或者，终端设备130将要传输给第一网络设备110的数据传输到第二网络设备120，第二网络设备120再将接收到的数据反射到第一网络设备110。
应理解，图中仅为示意，示出了一个第一网络设备、一个终端设备和一个第二网络设备，但这不应对本申请构成任何限定。在该通信系统中，还可以包括更多数量的第一网络设备、终端设备和第二网络设备。
该无线通信系统100可以支持下行MIMO。具体地，该无线通信系统100可以支持单用户多输入多输出(single-user multiple input multiple output，SU-MIMO)，或者，该无线通信系统100还可以支持多用户多输入多输出(multiple-users multiple input multiple output，MU-MIMO)。其中，第一网络设备110可以采用现有的空分复用技术向单个用户，或者，向多个用户发送下行数据，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
如图1所示，在该无线通信系统100应用于多输入多输出场景的情况下，第二网络设备中的每个阵元可以独立地对入射信号进行幅度和相位调整，从而获得很高的阵列增益。除此之外，第二网络设备还可以引入额外的传播路径，从而改善信道质量。
以第二网络设备为IRS为例，IRS通过控制每一个超表面阵元背面的半导体器件状态，例如，控制PIN二极管的导通与关闭，每个阵元可以独立地对入射信号进行幅度和相位调整，从而获得很高的阵列增益。并且，IRS仅需要配置一个简单的控制电路控制每个阵元的调幅调相因子，不需要具备基带能力，具有很低的功耗与成本。由此，在传统MIMO系统中加入IRS，组成的智能反射板辅助多输入多输出(intelligent reflecting surface aided multiple input multiple output，IRS-aided MIMO)系统可以在不显著增加功耗与成本的前提下，进一步提升频谱效率。
在该无线通信系统100应用于多输入多输出场景的情况下，该系统为了获得前文所述的优势，系统100需要已知完整的信道信息。以FDD下行传输为例，系统100为了进行第一网络设备与第二网络设备的联合预编码，需要分别已知第一网络设备与终端设备之间的信道向量以及第一网络设备、第二网络设备、终端设备之间的信道向量。由于第二网络设备的阵元数成百上千，第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的信道通常维度巨大。因此亟需一种导频开销低、时延低、精度高的估计第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的信道的方法。
以第二终端设备为IRS为例，由于IRS阵元数成百上千，同时，IRS又不具备基带功能。由此，第一网络设备、IRS和终端设备之间的信道估计要在终端设备侧进行，且仅能通过时分复用(time-division multiplexing，TDM)方式发送信道状态信息参考信息(channel state information-reference signal，CSI-RS)进行信道估计。
目前已有的一种IRS-aided MIMO系统信道估计的方法为：首先，第一网络设备通知IRS关闭所有阵元。然后第一网络设备向终端设备发送CSI-RS，第一网络设备发送CSI-RS的方式可以有多种，例如，第一网络设备可以TDM方式发送CSI-RS；或者，第一网络设 备还可以通过频分复用(frequency-division multiplexing，FDM)方式发送CSI-RS；或者，第一网络设备还可以通过码分复用(code-division multiplexing，CDM)方式发送CSI-RS。终端设备根据接收到的信号估计第一网络设备和终端设备之间的信道。然后，第一网络设备通知IRS逐一打开各个阵元，并按照TDM方式发送CSI-RS。如图3所示，在终端设备估计第一网络设备、IRS和终端设备之间的信道之前，IRS的所有阵元处于关闭反射模式，在终端设备估计第一网络设备、IRS和终端设备之间的信道的情况下，IRS逐一打开各个阵元，使阵元处于打开反射模式。终端设备估计各个阵元打开情况下所对应的信道，终端设备将所有阵元打开情况下对应的信道合并在一起再减去在先估计的第一网络设备和终端设备之间的信道，即可获得第一网络设备、IRS和终端设备之间的信道。
然而，由于IRS阵元数成百上千，通过时分方式逐一打开各个阵元，会导致巨大的导频开销和时延。除此之外，在估计第一网络设备、IRS和终端设备之间的信道时，每次仅打开IRS的一个阵元，无法获得IRS阵列增益补偿路损。因此，第一网络设备、IRS和终端设备之间的信道估计信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio，SNR)低，精度差。
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种导频开销低、时延低、精度高的估计第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的信道的方法。
下面将结合附图详细说明本申请实施例提供的方法。
为了便于理解本申请实施例，在介绍本申请实施例之前，先作出以下几点说明。
第一，在本申请实施例中，“用于指示”可以包括用于直接指示和用于间接指示，也可以包括显式指示和隐式指示。将某一信息所指示的信息称为待指示信息，则具体实现过程中，对待指示信息进行指示的方式有很多种，例如但不限于，可以直接指示待指示信息，如待指示信息本身或者该待指示信息的索引等。也可以通过指示其他信息来间接指示待指示信息，其中该其他信息与待指示信息之间存在关联关系。还可以仅仅指示待指示信息的一部分，而待指示信息的其他部分则是已知的或者提前约定的。例如，还可以借助预先约定(例如协议规定)是否存在某个信元来实现对待指示信息的指示，从而在一定程度上降低指示开销。
第二，在下文示出的实施例中，第一、第二以及各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。例如，区分不同的时间偏移参数、不同的信息等。
第三，在本申请实施例中，“当……时”、“在……的情况下”、“若”以及“如果”等描述均指在某种客观情况下设备(如，终端设备或者网络设备)会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求设备(如，终端设备或者网络设备)在实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
第四，下文结合多个流程图详细描述了多个实施例，但应理解，这些流程图及其相应的实施例的相关描述仅为便于理解而示例，不应对本申请构成任何限定。各流程图中的每一个步骤并不一定是必须要执行的，例如有些步骤是可以跳过的。并且，各个步骤的执行顺序也不是固定不变的，也不限于图中所示，各个步骤的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。
下文示出的实施例以第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的交互为例，详细说明了本申请实施例提供的方法。但这不应对本申请构成任何限定。例如，下文实施例中示出的终端设备可以替换为配置在终端设备中的部件(比如芯片、芯片系统或电路等)。 下文实施例示出的网络设备也可以替换为配置在网络设备中的部件(比如芯片、芯片系统或电路等)。
下文示出的实施例并未对本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体的具体结构特别限定，只要能够通过运行记录有本申请实施例的提供的方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例提供的方法进行通信即可，例如，本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体可以是终端设备、第一网络设备或第二网络设备，或者，是终端设备、第一网络设备或第二网络设备中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
图4是本申请实施例提供的方法的示意性流程图。如图4所示，该方法400包括S401-S406，下面详细描述各个步骤。
S401，第一网络设备发送一个或多个第一参考信号。相对应地，终端设备的第d个端口接收来自第一网络设备的一个或多个第一参考信号。
其中，d∈[1,D]，D为所述终端设备的端口数，D为正整数。
本申请实施例对第一网络设备发送第一参考信号的方式不做具体限定，例如，第一网络设备可以通过TDM方式发送第一参考信号；或者，第一网络设备还可以通过FDM方式发送第一参考信号；或者，第一网络设备还可以通过CDM方式发送第一参考信号。
第一网络设备发送的第一参考信号可以是第一网络设备根据第一预编码矩阵预编码的参考信号。
本申请实施例对该第一预编码矩阵的具体形式不做限定，例如，该第一预编码矩阵可以是R15中的Type I/II码本中的码字。
可以理解，终端设备可以有一个或多个接收端口，并且，终端设备的所有接收端口均接收第一参考信号。
S402，终端设备的第d个端口根据接收到的第一参考信号获得第一信道向量h 1,d。
其中，h 1,d为第一网络设备与终端设备的第d个端口之间的信道的信道向量。
终端设备获得第一信道向量h 1,d的方法可以参考现有技术，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
S403，终端设备的第d个端口接收N个第二参考信号。
其中，N为第二参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数。第二参考信号的端口数小于第二网络设备的端口数。
应理解，每个第二参考信号为第一分量和第二分量叠加生成的参考信号。其中，第n个第一分量对应第一网络设备发送的第n个第三参考信号，第n个第二分量对应第二网络设备发送的第n个第四参考信号。第n个第三参考信号为第一网络设备基于第一预编码矩阵预编码的参考信号，第n个第四参考信号为第二网络设备基于第二预编码矩阵对第n个第三参考信号预编码后生成的参考信号，n∈[1,N]。
可以理解，终端设备可以有一个或多个接收端口，并且，终端设备的所有接收端口均接收第二参考信号。
可选地，终端设备接收到的N个第二参考信号是以TDM方式发送的。
应理解，在第一网络设备发送第n个第三参考信号的情况下，该第n个第三参考信号可以通过第一网络设备与终端设备之间的信道直接到达终端设备，同时还通过第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的信道到达终端设备。因此，终端设备接收到的第n个第二参考信号可以理解为是由直接来自第一网络设备的第n个第三参考信号和直接来自 第二网络设备的第n个第四参考信号叠加生成的参考信号。
其中，第二预编码矩阵用于对第四信道向量h 4,d进行处理以得到第三信道向量h 3,d，其中，第三信道向量h 3,d的端口数小于第四信道向量h 4,d的端口数，还可以理解为第三信道向量h 3,d具有稀疏性。
应理解，第二预编码矩阵用于对第四信道向量h 4,d进行处理，即对第四信道向量h 4,d进行空域压缩，以得到具有稀疏性的第三信道向量h 3,d。
可选地，该第二预编码矩阵为θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)，具体表示为θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Vb n(n＝1,2,...,N)。其中V为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，b n(n＝1,2,...,N)可以是高斯随机分布矩阵，或者b n(n＝1,2,...,N)也可以是伯努利随机分布矩阵，本申请实施例对b n的具体形式不做限定。
本申请实施例对第一预编码矩阵的具体形式不做限定，例如，该第一预编码矩阵可以是R15中的Type I/II码本中的码字。
可选地，该第一预编码矩阵为w n(n＝1,2,...,N)，具体表示为w n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Ua n(n＝1,2,...,N)。其中，U为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，a n(n＝1,2,...,N)可以是高斯随机分布矩阵，或者，a n(n＝1,2,...,N)也可以是伯努利随机分布矩阵，本申请实施例对a n(n＝1,2,...,N)的具体形式不做限定。
该第一预编码矩阵可以用于和第二预编码矩阵一起对第四信道向量h 4,d进行处理。
本申请实施例对终端设备获得第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵的具体方式不做限定。例如，该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵可以是终端设备计算的。进一步地，终端设备向第一网络设备发送该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵。再进一步地，第一网络设备向第二网络设备发送该第二预编码矩阵。又例如，该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵可以是第一网络设备计算的。进一步地，第一网络设备向终端设备发送该第一预编码矩阵和该第二预编码矩阵。再进一步地，第一网络设备向第二网络设备发送该第二预编码矩阵。再例如，该第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵可以是通信协议规定的。
S404，终端设备根据接收到的N个第二参考信号获得第二信道向量h 2,d。
应理解，本申请实施例对S401-S402和S403-S404的先后顺序不做具体限定，可以先执行S401-S402，也可以先执行S403-S404。
S405，终端设备根据获得的第二信道向量h 2,d与第一信道向量h 1,d和计算第三信道向量h 3,d。
可选地，终端设备根据关系式h 3,d＝h 2,d-[h 1,dw 1,h 1,dw 2,...,h 1,dw N] T计算第三信道向量h 3,d。
S406，终端设备根据第三信道向量h 3,d计算第四信道向量h 4,d。
可选地，终端设备根据公式h 3,d＝Φh 4,d得到第四信道向量h 4,d。其中Φ为第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵的函数f(θ n(n＝1,2,...,N),w n(n＝1,2,...,N))，Φ表示为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000073
应理解，第四信道向量h 4,d经第二预编码矩阵空域压缩或者经第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵一起空域压缩之后具有稀疏性，由此，终端设备可以利用压缩感知或者人工智能算法计算第四信道向量h 4,d。
可选地，在终端设备计算出第四信道向量h 4,d以及获得第一信道向量h 1,d之后，终端 设备可以根据第四信道向量h 4,d和第一信道向量h 1,d联合获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000074
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000075
然后向第一网络设备发送第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000076
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000077
进一步地，第一网络设备向第二网络设备发送接收到的第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000078
其中，第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000079
为第一网络设备向终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵，第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000080
为第二网络设备向终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵。
本申请实施例对第一网络设备发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000081
的具体方式不做限定。例如，第一通过无线传输动态信令向第二网络设备发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000082
或者，第一网络设备通过RRC信令向第二网络设备发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000083
或者，第一网络设备通过有线传输控制信号向第二网络设备发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000084
可选地，终端设备以第一指标为优化目标，迭代以下以下两个过程至优化目标不再增加：(1)固定第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000085
计算第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000086
(2)固定第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000087
计算第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000088
其中，第一指标包括以下一项或多项：频谱效率、能量效率、传输速率和与目标传输方案之间的误差。若第一指标为频谱效率、能量效率或者传输速率，则优化目标为最大化第一指标。若第一指标为与目标传输方案之间的误差，则优化目标为最小化第一指标，目标传输方案为第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的最优的传输方案。
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000089
为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000090
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，arg(.)表示取相位运算。
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000091
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，α为一个非零常数。
可选地，在终端设备计算出第四信道向量h 4,d以及获得第一信道向量h 1,d之后，终端设备向第一网络设备发送该第四信道向量h 4,d以及第一信道向量h 1,d。第一网络设备根据接收到的第四信道向量h 4,d以及第一信道向量h 1,d联合获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000092
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000093
进一步地，第一网络设备向第二网络设备发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000094
第一网络设备根据接收到的第四信道向量h 4,d和第一信道向量h 1,d联合获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000095
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000096
的过程如前文所述，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
如前文所述，在终端设备获得第一信道向量h 1,d的过程中，第一网络设备在不同端口可以采用TDM方式，或者可以采用FDM方式，或者可以采用CDM的方式发送第一参考信号，如图5的(a)所示，图中第一网络设备不同的端口在相同时隙不同的时频资源单元上发送第一参考信号。然而，在终端设备计算第四信道向量h 4,d的过程中，第一网络设备通过TDM的方式发送第三参考信号，如图5的(b)所示，图中第一网络设备不同的端口在相同的时频资源单元不同的时隙上发送第三参考信号。由此，在终端设备计算第一信道向量h 1,d的过程中，第一参考信号所占用的时频资源单元(resource element，RE)数量应大于或等于第一网络设备端口数。在终端设备计算第四信道向量h 4,d的过程中，第二网络设备根据来自第一网络设备的第三参考信号生成第四参考信号，并向终端设备发送第四参考信号时所占用的RE数量远小于第二网络设备端口数。
在本申请实施例中，设计具有空域压缩功能的第二预编码矩阵对第四信道向量h 4,d进行空域压缩以获得稀疏性，从而，根据端口数较小的h 3,d估计端口数较大的h 4,d。因此，本申请实施例提供的方法可以充分挖掘第四信道向量h 4,d在空域的稀疏性，可以降低导频 开销和时延。同时，还可以获得第二网络设备的全部阵列增益，提升信道估计的SNR以及估计精度。
此外，本申请实施例还设计了具有空域压缩功能的第一预编码矩阵。可进一步挖掘第四信道向量h 4,d在空域的稀疏性，降低信道估计的导频开销与时延。
下面以第二网络设备为IRS为例，对上述方法做更进一步地说明。
应理解，下文示出的实施例中，为便于理解和说明，以第一网络设备配置M个端口、IRS配置T个端口、终端设备配置1根天线为例详述了本申请实施例提供的方法，其中，M为大于或等于1的正整数，T为大于或等于1的正整数。但这不应对本申请构成任何限定。本申请实施例提供的方法同样适用于存在多个终端设备或者终端设备配置多根天线的场景。
图6是本申请另一实施例提供的方法的示意性流程图。如图6所示，该方法600包括S601-S610，下面具体描述各个步骤。
S601，第一网络设备向IRS发送第一指示信息。相对应地，IRS接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息。
其中，该第一指示信息用于指示IRS关闭所有阵元。
S602，IRS根据第一指示信息关闭所有阵元，使所有阵元处于关闭反射模式。
S603，网络设备向终端设备发送第一参考信号。
其中，该第一参考信号用于获得第一信道向量h 1,d。
S604，终端设备获得第一信道向量h 3。
终端设备获得第一信道向量h 1,d的方法可以参考现有技术，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
S605，网络设备向IRS发送第二指示信息。相对应地，IRS接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息。
其中，该第二指示信息用于指示IRS打开所有阵元。
S606，IRS根据第二指示信息打开所有阵元，使所有阵元处于打开反射模式。
S607，终端设备接收第二参考信号。
其中，该第二参考信号用于获得第二信道向量h 2,d。
S608，终端设备计算第四信道向量h 4,d。
如前文所述，终端设备根据接收到的N个第二参考信号计算第四信道向量h 4,d。
例如，叠加生成第n个第二参考信号的第n个第三参考信号可以表示为h 1,dw nx n，其中
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000097
为第一预编码矩阵，并且w n满足发射功率限制条件：tr(w nw n H)＝P，P为第一网络设备的发射功率，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000098
为未经预编码的参考信号。
IRS从第一网络设备接收第n个第三参考信号，并根据第二预编码矩阵对该第n个第三参考信号预编码之后生成的第n个第四参考信号可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000099
其中
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000100
表示第一网络设备到IRS的下行信道向量，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000101
表示IRS到终端设备的下行信道向量，Θ n＝diag(θ 1,θ 2,...,θ T)为第二预编码矩阵，θ l为IRS的第l个阵元上的调幅调相系数，l∈[1,T]，T为IRS的端口数，T为正整数。
由此，终端设备接收到的第n个第二参考信号
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000102
可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000103
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000104
为复高斯白噪声，σ 2为噪声功率。
由于Θ n＝diag(θ 1,θ 2,...,θ T)，因此，终端设备接收到的第n个第二参考信号
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000105
可
以进一步表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000106
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000107
θ n等价于Θ n，即θ n为第二预编码矩阵。
终端设备根据接收到的N个第二参考信号
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000108
可以直接获得第二信道向量h 2,d＝[y 1,y 2,...,y N] T。
应理解，式(2)中的h 1,d的估计方法可以参考现有技术，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
式(2)可以理解为第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵作用在各个信道向量上。可以理解，式(2)中的y、θ n、h 1,d以及w n是终端设备已知的。因此，终端设备根据第一信道向量h 1,d和第二信道向量h 2,d可以计算出第四信道向量h 4,d的等效矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000109
由于第一网络设备的端口数M与IRS的端口数T都很大，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000110
维度巨大，传统信道估计方案会导致很高的导频开销与时延。有鉴于此，本申请实施例将充分利用第四信道向量h 4,d在空域潜在的稀疏性，再根据求解欠定方程h 3,d＝Φh 4,d计算第四信道向量h 4,d，从而达到降低导频开销的目的。
本申请实施例对第一预编码矩阵的具体形式不做限定，例如，可以将第一预编码矩阵设计为w n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Ua n(n＝1,2,...,N)。其中，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000111
是一组正交基地组成的矩阵，即离散傅里叶变换(discrete Fourier transform，DFT)矩阵，可以实现对H 4各列的空域压缩，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000112
为第一信道向量h 1,d的零空间投影向量，即满足h 1,dw n＝h 1,dUa n＝0且
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000113
进一步地，本申请实施例将第二预编码矩阵设计为一种基于空域压缩的波束码本
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000114
如下：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000115
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000116
为DFT矩阵，可以实现对信道矩阵H 4各行的空域压缩，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000117
为采样向量。本申请实施例对b n的具体形式不做限定，例如，根据压缩感知理论，b n可以为随机伯努利向量，即b n的每个元素以等概率随机从集合{+1,-1}中选取。
如图7所示，在每一次第一网络设备按照TDM方式发送第三参考信号的过程中，处于打开反射模式的IRS从波束码本
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000118
中选择一个码字，即选择一个第二预编码矩阵θ n。在第一网络设备发送N次第三参考信号之后，终端设备接收到的N个第二参考信号可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000119
其中本申请实施例利用了关系
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000120
以及假设x n＝1，并定义
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000121
h 4,d＝vec(H 4)，k＝[k 1,k 2,…,k N] T。之后，终端设备根据h 1,d和h 2,d可获得h 3,d如下：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000122
其中
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000123
具有明显的稀疏特性，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000124
N＜＜T。因此，式(5)可视为经典的稀疏信号重构问题，可采用许多经典的压缩感知算法求解h s，再根据关系
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000125
恢复h 4,d＝vec(H 4)。
本申请实施例对具体采用何种压缩感知算法求解式(5)不做限定，例如，可以采用基于深度学习的近似消息传递(learned approximate message passing，LAMP)算法。LAMP算法的本质思想是基于经典的近似消息传递(approximate message passing，AMP)算法迭代框架，利用神经网络学习最优迭代运算过程，从而避免了传统AMP算法中凭借经验选取修正因子等参数时所造成的性能损失。
例如，LAMP算法第t+1次迭代过程包含以下两步：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000126
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000127
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000128
为第t+1次迭代稀疏向量
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000129
的估计，且
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000130
v t+1为第t+1次迭代残差向量，且v 0＝y，η st(·；·)为收缩函数，定义为：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000131
最后，
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000132
为修正因子集合，将通过神经网络学习获得。具体地，终端设备首先利用仿真，线下产生S个样本数据
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000133
并令A＝Ψ H,α 0＝1,β 0＝1。之后，终端设备以最小化估计的归一化均方误差为目标，利用神经网络学习最优的Ξ。归一化均方误差定义为：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000134
S609，联合获得第三预编码矩阵和第四预编码矩阵。
在一种实现方式中，S609由终端设备执行。此情况下，终端设备采用隐式反馈的方式向第一网络设备上报第四信道向量h 4,d以及第一信道向量h 1,d。即终端设备首先根据第四信道向量h 4,d以及第一信道向量h 1,d联合获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000135
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000136
之后将第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000137
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000138
上报至第一网络设备。由于终端设备仅反馈第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000139
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000140
因此隐式反馈具有较低的反馈开销，但是由于终端设备无法获知其他终端设备的信道，其优化结果往往会导致较大干扰，因此更加适用于单用户场景。
在另一种实现方式中，S609由第一网络设备执行。此情况下，终端设备采用显式反馈的方式上报第四信道向量h 4,d以及第一信道向量h 1,d。终端设备将第四信道向量h 4,d以及第一信道向量h 1,d上报至第一网络设备。第一网络设备根据接收到的第四信道向量h 4,d以及第一信道向量h 1,d联合获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000141
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000142
由于终端设备需要反馈高维信道信息，因此显式反馈具有较高的反馈开销，但是第一网络设备拥有所有终端设备的信道信息，显式反馈可以有效消除多用户干扰，因此更加适用于多用户场景。
本申请实施例对终端设备或者第一网络设备联合获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000143
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000144
的具体方式不做限定，例如可以是，以第一指标为优化目标，迭代以下以下两个过程至优化目标不再增加：(1)固定第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000145
计算第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000146
(2)固定第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000147
计算第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000148
其中，第一指标包括以下一项或多项：频谱效率、能量效率、传输速率和与目标传输方案之间的误差。若第一指标为频谱效率、能量效率或者传输速率，则优化目标为最大化第一指标。若第一指标为与目标传输方案之间的误差，则优化目标为最小化第一指标，目标传输方案为第一网络设备、第二网络设备和终端设备之间的最优的传输方案。
其本质思想是通过固定一个预编码矩阵来优化另一个预编码矩阵，逐次交替迭代直到收敛，从而将不可解的非凸优化问题转换为可解的优化子问题。
本申请实施例在单端口单用户场景下以最大化系统的传输速率为例，进行详细说明获得第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000149
和第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000150
的过程。但这不应不对本申请实施例构成限定，本申请实施例同样适用于多用户的场景，同时也适用于以最大化频谱效率、能量效率等为优化目标的场景。
在单用户场景下，该优化系统的传输速率的问题可表示如下：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000151
上述优化问题的第二个限制条件是非凸的，因此无法对该问题进行直接求解。为此，本申请实施例可以通过固定第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000152
计算第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000153
固定第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000154
计算第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000155
这样的方式获得该问题的次优解。当
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000156
固定时，上述问题为凸问题，最优的
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000157
可以直接通过最大比合并获得，即：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000158
其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，α为一个非零常数。
反过来，当
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000159
固定时，最优的
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000160
可通过三角形定理获得，即当且仅当
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000161
与
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000162
相位相同时，目标函数最大。此时最优的
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000163
可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000164
其中，arg(.)表示取相位运算。重复计算式(11)与(12)直至式(10)中的目标函 数不再增加，则可获得最优的
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000165
与
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000166
应理解，在实际系统中，网络设备预编码和IRS预编码可以从码本中选取，例如R15中的Type I/II码本。为了和实际系统兼容，在获得最优的第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000167
与第三预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000168
之后，本申请实施例可以从相关码本中选取与优化结果最接近(欧式距离最小)的码字，作为实际的网络设备预编码与IRS预编码，并采用Type I/II码本上报的方式进行上报。更进一步，考虑到IRS预编码维度较高，传统上报可能会导致较高的反馈开销，本申请实施例可以将IRS的阵元进行分组。如图8所示，针对同组内的不同阵元，本申请实施例仅反馈一个调幅调相因子，以少量的性能损失换取反馈开销的降低。
S610，第一网络设备向IRS发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000169
本申请实施例对第一网络设备发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000170
的具体方式不做限定。例如，第一通过无线传输动态信令向IRS发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000171
或者，第一网络设备通过RRC信令向IRS发送第四预编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-000172
或者，第一网络设备通过有线传输控制信号向IRS发送第四预编码矩阵。
在本申请实施例中，仿真结果表明在P/N＝1/8时，本身申请实施例可以获得理想信道情况下95％的传输速率。传统方案的导频开销为N，这表明本申请实施例可将导频开销降低87.5％以上。
以上，结合图4至图8详细说明了本申请实施例提供的方法。以下，结合图9至图11详细说明本申请实施例提供的装置。
图9是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的示意性框图。如图9所示，该通信装置1000可以包括处理单元1100和收发单元1200。
在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置1000可对应于上文方法实施例中的终端设备，例如，可以为终端设备，或者配置于终端设备中的部件(如芯片或芯片系统)。
应理解，该通信装置1000可对应于根据本申请实施例的方法400、方法600中的终端设备，该通信装置1000可以包括用于执行图4中的方法400、图6中的方法600中终端设备执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置1000中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图4中的方法400、图6中的方法600的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置1000用于执行图4中的方法400时，处理单元1100可用于执行方法400中的S402、S404-S406，收发单元1200可用于执行方法400中的S401和S403。应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
当该通信装置1000用于执行图6中的方法600时，处理单元1100可用于执行方法600中的S602、S608和S609，收发单元1200可用于执行方法600中的步骤S603、S607和S609。应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，该通信装置1000为终端设备时，该通信装置1000中的收发单元1200可以通过收发器实现，例如可对应于图10中示出的终端设备2000中的收发器2020，该通信装置1000中的处理单元1100可通过至少一个处理器实现，例如可对应于图10中示出的终端设备2000中的处理器2010。
还应理解，该通信装置1000为配置于终端设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，该通信装置1000中的收发单元1200可以通过输入/输出接口实现，该通信装置1000中的处理单元1100可以通过该芯片或芯片系统上集成的处理器、微处理器或集成电路等实现。
在另一种可能的设计中，该通信装置1000可对应于上文方法实施例中的第一网络设备，例如，可以为第一网络设备，或者配置于第一网络设备中的部件(如芯片或芯片系统)。
应理解，该通信装置1000可对应于根据本申请实施例的方法400、方法600中的第一网络设备，该通信装置1000可以包括用于执行图4中的方法400、图6中的方法600中第一网络设备执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置1000中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图4中的方法400、图6中的方法600的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置1000用于执行图4中的方法400时，处理单元1100可用于执行方法400中的S401和S403，收发单元1200可用于执行方法400中的S401和S403。应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
当该通信装置1000用于执行图6中的方法600时，处理单元1100可用于执行方法600中的S609，收发单元1200可用于执行方法600中的步骤S601、S603、S605、S607和S610。应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，该通信装置1000为第一网络设备时，该通信装置1000中的收发单元1200可通过收发器实现，例如可对应于图11中示出的网络设备3000中的收发器3200，该通信装置1000中的处理单元1100可通过至少一个处理器实现，例如可对应于图11中示出的网络设备3000中的处理器3100。
还应理解，该通信装置1000为配置于第一网络设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，该通信装置1000中的收发单元1200可以通过输入/输出接口实现，该通信装置1000中的处理单元1100可以通过该芯片或芯片系统上集成的处理器、微处理器或集成电路等实现。
在另一种可能的设计中，该通信装置1000可对应于上文方法实施例中的第二网络设备，例如，可以为第二网络设备，或者配置于第二网络设备中的部件(如芯片或芯片系统)。
应理解，该通信装置1000可对应于根据本申请实施例的方法400中的第二网络设备，该通信装置1000可以包括用于执行图4中的方法400中第二网络设备执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置1000中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图4中的方法400的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置1000用于执行图4中的方法400时，处理单元1100可用于执行方法400中的S403，收发单元1200可用于执行方法400中的S403。应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，该通信装置1000为第二网络设备时，该通信装置1000中的收发单元1200可通过收发器实现，例如可对应于图11中示出的网络设备3000中的收发器3200，该通信装置1000中的处理单元1100可通过至少一个处理器实现，例如可对应于图11中示出的网络设备3000中的处理器3100。
还应理解，该通信装置1000为配置于第一网络设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，该通信装置1000中的收发单元1200可以通过输入/输出接口实现，该通信装置1000中的处理单 元1100可以通过该芯片或芯片系统上集成的处理器、微处理器或集成电路等实现。
在另一种可能的设计中，该通信装置1000可对应于上文方法实施例中的IRS，例如，可以为IRS，或者配置于IRS中的部件(如芯片或芯片系统)。
应理解，该通信装置1000可对应于根据本申请实施例的方法600中的IRS，该通信装置1000可以包括用于执行图6中的方法600中IRS执行的方法的单元。并且，该通信装置1000中的各单元和上述其他操作和/或功能分别为了实现图6中的方法600的相应流程。
其中，当该通信装置1000用于执行图6中的方法600时，处理单元1100可用于执行方法600中的步骤S602和S606，收发单元1200可用于执行方法600中的S601、S605、S607和S610。应理解，各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还应理解，该通信装置1000为IRS时，该通信装置1000中的收发单元1200可通过收发器实现，例如可对应于图11中示出的网络设备3000中的收发器3200，该通信装置1000中的处理单元1100可通过至少一个处理器实现，例如可对应于图11中示出的网络设备3000中的处理器3100。
还应理解，该通信装置1000为配置于网络设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，该通信装置1000中的收发单元1200可以通过输入/输出接口实现，该通信装置1000中的处理单元1100可以通过该芯片或芯片系统上集成的处理器、微处理器或集成电路等实现。
图10是本申请实施例提供的终端设备2000的结构示意图。该终端设备2000可应用于如图1所示的系统中，执行上述方法实施例中终端设备的功能。如图所示，该终端设备2000包括处理器2010和收发器2020。可选地，该终端设备2000还包括存储器2030。其中，处理器2010、收发器2002和存储器2030之间可以通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制和/或数据信号，该存储器2030用于存储计算机程序，该处理器2010用于从该存储器2030中调用并运行该计算机程序，以控制该收发器2020收发信号。可选地，终端设备2000还可以包括天线2040，用于将收发器2020输出的上行数据或上行控制信令通过无线信号发送出去。
上述处理器2010可以和存储器2030可以合成一个处理装置，处理器2010用于执行存储器2030中存储的程序代码来实现上述功能。具体实现时，该存储器2030也可以集成在处理器2010中，或者独立于处理器2010。该处理器2010可以与图9中的处理单元1100对应。
上述收发器2020可以与图9中的收发单元1200对应，也可以称为收发单元。收发器2020可以包括接收器(或称接收机、接收电路)和发射器(或称发射机、发射电路)。其中，接收器用于接收信号，发射器用于发射信号。
应理解，图10所示的终端设备2000能够实现图4以及图6中所示方法实施例中涉及终端设备的各个过程。终端设备2000中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
上述处理器2010可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的由终端设备内部实现的动作，如估计第四信道向量和估计第一信道向量等。收发器2020可以用于执行前面方法实 施例中描述的终端设备向第一网络设备发送或从第一网络设备或者从第二网络设备接收的动作，如发送第一信道向量和第四信道向量，接收参考信号等。具体请见前面方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
其中，上述终端设备2000还可以包括电源2050，用于给终端设备中的各种器件或电路提供电源。
除此之外，为了使得终端设备的功能更加完善，该终端设备2000还可以包括输入单元2060、显示单元2070、音频电路2080、摄像头2090和传感器2100等中的一个或多个，所述音频电路还可以包括扬声器2082、麦克风2084等。
图11是本申请实施例提供的网络设备的结构示意图，例如可以为基站的结构示意图。该基站3000可应用于如图1所示的系统中，执行上述方法实施例中第一网络设备或第二网络设备的功能。如图所示，该基站3000可以包括一个或多个射频单元，如远端射频单元(remote radio unit，RRU)3100和一个或多个基带单元(BBU)(也可称为分布式单元(DU))3200。所述RRU 3100可以称为收发单元或是收发单元的一部分，与图9中的收发单元1100对应。可选地，该收发单元3100还可以称为收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等等，其可以包括至少一个天线3101和射频单元3102。可选地，收发单元3100可以包括接收单元和发送单元，接收单元可以对应于接收器(或称接收机、接收电路)，发送单元可以对应于发射器(或称发射机、发射电路)。所述RRU 3100部分主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换，例如用于向终端设备发送参考信号，以及接收第一信道向量和第四信道向量等。具体请见前面方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
所述BBU 3200部分主要用于进行基带处理，对基站进行控制等。所述RRU 3100与BBU 3200可以是物理上设置在一起，也可以物理上分离设置的，即分布式基站。
所述BBU 3200为基站的控制中心，也可以称为处理单元，可以与图9中的处理单元1200对应，可用于完成基带处理功能，如信道编码，复用，调制，扩频等等。例如所述BBU(处理单元)可以用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中关于第一网络设备的操作流程，例如，生成第一参考信号等。又例如所述BBU(处理单元)可以用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中关于第二网络设备的操作流程，例如，生第三参考信号等。具体请见前面方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
在一个示例中，所述BBU 3200可以由一个或多个单板构成，多个单板可以共同支持单一接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网)，也可以分别支持不同接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网，5G网或其他网)。所述BBU 3200还包括存储器3201和处理器3202。所述存储器3201用以存储必要的指令和数据。所述处理器3202用于控制基站进行必要的动作，例如用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中关于网络设备的操作流程。所述存储器3201和处理器3202可以服务于一个或多个单板。也就是说，可以每个单板上单独设置存储器和处理器。也可以是多个单板共用相同的存储器和处理器。此外每个单板上还可以设置有必要的电路。
应理解，图11所示的基站3000能够实现图4以及图6所示方法实施例中涉及第一网络设备的各个过程。基站3000中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
应理解，图11所示的基站3000能够实现图4所示方法实施例中涉及第二网络设备的各个过程。基站3000中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
上述BBU 3200可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的由第一网络设备或第二网络设备内部实现的动作，而RRU 3100可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的第一网络设备向终端设备发送或从终端设备接收的动作，或者第二网络设备从第一网络设备接收或向终端设备发送的动作。具体请见前面方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
应理解，图11所示出的基站3000仅为网络设备的一种可能的形态，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。本申请所提供的方法可适用于其他形态的网络设备。例如，包括AAU，还可以包括CU和/或DU，或者包括BBU和自适应无线单元(adaptive radio unit，ARU)，或BBU；也可以为客户终端设备(customer premises equipment，CPE)，还可以为其它形态，本申请对于网络设备的具体形态不做限定。
其中，CU和/或DU可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的由网络设备内部实现的动作，而AAU可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的网络设备向第一终端设备发送或从第一终端设备接收的动作。具体请见前面方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
图12示出了本申请实施例提供的IRS4000的示意性框图，该IRS4000可应用于如图2所示的系统中，执行上述方法实施例中IRS的功能。如图12所示，IRS4000包括处理器4100和收发器4200，处理器4100和收发器4200相连，可选地，该IRS4000还包括存储器4300，存储器4300与处理器4100相连。其中，处理器4100、存储器4300和收发器4200可以通过内部连接通路互相通信。
上述处理器4100可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的由IRS内部实现的动作，如对生成第四参考信号等。收发器2020可以用于执行前面方法实施例中描述的IRS向终端设备发送或从第一网络设备接收的动作，如发送第四参考信号，接收第三参考信号等。具体请见前面方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
应理解，图12所示的IRS4000能够实现图6所示方法实施例中涉及IRS的各个过程。IRS4000中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和接口；所述处理器用于执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
应理解，上述处理装置可以是一个或多个芯片。例如，该处理装置可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本 领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
应注意，本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行图图4以及图6所示实施例中终端设备、第一网络设备和第二网络设备分别执行的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有程序代码，当该程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行图4以及图6所示实施例中终端设备、第一网络设备和第二网络设备分别执行的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种系统，其包括前述的一个或多个终端设备、一个或多个第一网络设备以及一个或多个第二网络设备。
上述各个装置实施例中第一网络设备、第二网络设备与终端设备和方法实施例中的第一网络设备、第二网络设备或终端设备完全对应，由相应的模块或单元执行相应的步骤，例如通信单元(收发器)执行方法实施例中接收或发送的步骤，除发送、接收外的其它步骤可以由处理单元(处理器)执行。具体单元的功能可以参考相应的方法实施例。其中，处理器可以为一个或多个。
在本说明书中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“系统”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬 件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序和/或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进程和/或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上和/或分布在2个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读介质执行。部件可例如根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地系统、分布式系统和/或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它系统交互的互联网)的信号通过本地和/或远程进程来通信。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
在上述实施例中，各功能单元的功能可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令(程序)。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令(程序)时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种信道信息获取的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备的第d个端口接收一个或多个第一参考信号，所述第一参考信号为来自第一网络设备的参考信号，d∈[1,D]，D为所述终端设备的端口数，D为正整数；
    所述终端设备根据接收到的所述第一参考信号获得第一信道向量h 1,d，所述h 1,d为所述终端设备的第d个端口与所述第一网络设备之间的信道的信道向量；
    所述终端设备的第d个端口接收N个第二参考信号，N为所述第二参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数；
    所述终端设备根据接收到的所述第二参考信号获得第二信道向量h 2,d；
    所述终端设备根据所述h 1,d和所述h 2,d计算第三信道向量h 3,d，所述h 3,d的端口数小于第四信道向量h 4,d的端口数，所述h 4,d为所述第一网络设备、第二网络设备和所述终端设备的第d个端口之间的信道的信道向量；
    所述终端设备根据所述h 3,d计算所述h 4,d。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述h 1,d和所述h 2,d计算第三信道向量h 3,d，包括：
    所述终端设备根据公式h 3,d＝h 2,d-[h 1,dw 1,h 1,dw 2,...,h 1,dw N] T计算所述h 3,d，其中w n(n＝1,2,...,N)为第一预编码矩阵。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述h 3,d计算所述h 4,d，包括：
    所述终端设备根据公式h 3,d＝Φh 4,d计算所述h 4,d，其中Φ为所述第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)的函数f(θ n(n＝1,2,...,N),w n(n＝1,2,...,N))。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述Φ表示为
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100001
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备计算所述第一预编码矩阵和所述第二预编码矩阵；
    所述终端设备向所述第一网络设备发送所述第一预编码矩阵和所述第二预编码矩阵。
  6. 如权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备接收所述第一预编码矩阵和所述第二预编码矩阵。
  7. 如权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一预编码矩阵和所述第二预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述h 1，d和所述h 4，d获得第三预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100002
    和第四预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100003
    所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100004
    为所述第一网络设备向所述终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵，所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100005
    为所述第二网络设备向所述终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵；
    所述终端设备向所述第一网络设备发送所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100006
    和所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100007
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述h 1，d和所述h 4，d获得第三预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100008
    和第四预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100009
    包括：
    所述终端设备以第一指标为优化目标，迭代以下两个过程至优化目标不再增加：(1)固定所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100010
    计算所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100011
    (2)固定所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100012
    计算所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100013
    其中，所述第一指标包括以下一项或多项：频谱效率、能量效率、传输速率和与目标传输方案之间的误差。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100014
    为
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100015
    其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，arg(.)表示取相位运算。
  11. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100016
    为
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100017
    其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，α为一个非零常数。
  12. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备向所述第一网络设备发送所述h 1,d和所述h 4,d。
  13. 一种信道信息获取的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二网络设备从第一网络设备接收N个第三参考信号，N为所述第三参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数；
    所述第二网络设备生成N个第四参考信号，第n个第四参考信号为所述第二网络设备基于第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)对第n个第三参考信号预编码后生成的参考信号，n∈[1,N]，所述第二预编码矩阵用于对第二信道向量h 4,d进行处理以得到第三信道向量h 3,d，所述h 3,d的端口数小于所述h 4,d的端口数，所述h 4,d为所述第一网络设备、所述第二网络设备和终端设备的第d个端口之间的信道的信道向量，d∈[1,D]，D为所述终端设备的端口数，D为正整数；
    所述第二网络设备向所述终端设备发送N个所述第四参考信号。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二预编码矩阵具体表示为θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Vb n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，V为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，b n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第二网络设备生成N个第二参考信号之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二网络设备从所述第一网络设备接收所述第二预编码矩阵。
  16. 如权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
  17. 如权利要求13-16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二网络设备从所述第一网络设备接收第四预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100018
    所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100019
    为所述第二网络设备向所述终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵。
  18. 一种信道信息获取的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一网络设备发送一个或多个第一参考信号，所述第一参考信号用于计算第一信道向量h 1,d，所述h 1,d为终端设备的第d个端口与所述第一网络设备之间的信道的信道向量；
    所述第一网络设备发送N个第三参考信号，所述第三参考信号为所述第一网络设备基于第一预编码矩阵w n(n＝1,2,...,N)预编码的参考信号，N为所述第三参考信号的端口数，N为大于或等于2的整数。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一预编码矩阵具体表示为w n(n＝1,2,...,N)＝Ua n(n＝1,2,...,N)，其中，U为一组正交基底组成的矩阵，a n(n＝1,2,...,N)为以下矩阵中的一种：高斯随机分布矩阵、伯努利随机分布矩阵。
  20. 如权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一网络设备发送N个第三参考信号之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备从所述终端设备接收所述第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)，所述第二预编码矩阵为第二网络设备用于对所述第三参考信号预编码的矩阵；
    所述第一网络设备向所述第二网络设备发送所述第二预编码矩阵。
  21. 如权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一网络设备发送N个第三参考信号之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备计算所述第一预编码矩阵和第二预编码矩阵θ n(n＝1,2,...,N)，所述第二预编码矩阵为第二网络设备用于对所述第三参考信号预编码的矩阵；
    所述第一网络设备向所述终端设备发送所述第一预编码矩阵和所述第二预编码矩阵；
    所述第一网络设备向所述第二网络设备发送所述第二预编码矩阵。
  22. 如权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一预编码矩阵是通信协议规定的。
  23. 如权利要求18-22中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备从所述终端设备接收所述h 1,d和所述h 4,d。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备根据所述h 1,d和所述h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100020
    和第四预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100021
    所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100022
    为所述第一网络设备向所述终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵，所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100023
    为第二网络设备向所述终端设备传输数据时使用的预编码矩阵；
    所述第一网络设备向所述第二网络设备发送所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100024
  25. 如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备根据所述h 1,d和所述h 4,d获得第三预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100025
    和第四预编码矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100026
    包括：
    所述第一网络设备以第一指标为优化目标，迭代以下两个过程至优化目标不再增加：(1)固定所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100027
    计算所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100028
    (2)固定所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100029
    计算所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100030
    其中，所述第一指标包括以下一项或多项：频谱效率、能量效率、传输速率和与目标传输方案之间的误差。
  26. 如权利要求24或25所述的方法，其特征在于，所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100031
    为
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100032
    其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，arg(.)表示取相位运算。
  27. 如权利要求24或25所述的方法，其特征在于，所述
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100033
    为
    Figure PCTCN2019117400-appb-100034
    其中，vec(H 4,d)＝h 4,d，α为一个非零常数。
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