WO2021085792A1 - Procédé de détoxification de déchets contenant de l'amiante - Google Patents

Procédé de détoxification de déchets contenant de l'amiante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021085792A1
WO2021085792A1 PCT/KR2020/008273 KR2020008273W WO2021085792A1 WO 2021085792 A1 WO2021085792 A1 WO 2021085792A1 KR 2020008273 W KR2020008273 W KR 2020008273W WO 2021085792 A1 WO2021085792 A1 WO 2021085792A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
asbestos
waste
acid
treatment step
detoxifying
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PCT/KR2020/008273
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김은영
신재경
박용준
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주식회사 선공
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Publication of WO2021085792A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021085792A1/fr

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/36Detoxification by using acid or alkaline reagents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/0066Disposal of asbestos
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/40Inorganic substances
    • A62D2101/41Inorganic fibres, e.g. asbestos

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for detoxifying waste materials containing asbestos, and more particularly, to a method for more effectively detoxifying waste asbestos separated from waste materials containing asbestos through acid treatment or heat treatment followed by carbonation.
  • fibrous silicate minerals that exist in nature, it refers to hydrous silicate containing a lot of magnesium, and is also called asbestos and dolsom. It refers to a fibrous inorganic material with a crystal chemical structure, and is a natural fiber in which serpentine or amphibole is changed into a fibrous form. Asbestos is widely used as interior and exterior materials for buildings and industrial raw materials due to its excellent thermal insulation, heat resistance, and insulation, resistance to friction, and strong resistance to chemicals.
  • Asbestos building materials have different asbestos content depending on the usage and production method. For example, ceiling tex maintained a content of 10-13% before 1995 so that asbestos emerged as a social issue, but since then, it has been maintained at a level of about 5-10% until the period of prohibition of use of asbestos due to social demands.
  • various ranges of asbestos were used, ranging from 5 to 18% for each type of product.Bamlite, which requires bending strength, was about 18%, and in the case of bone asbestos slate, about 10%, and the bending strength was high. About 5% of white asbestos was used for the unrequired 6mm ceiling material, and about 10% of white asbestos was used for productivity and flexural stiffness reinforcement in the case of extrusion-molded products.
  • asbestos is a class 1 carcinogen, and long-term exposure to asbestos can cause respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma, and asbestos lung.
  • respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma, and asbestos lung.
  • it is generally known to be harmful to the human body in the order of blue asbestos> galseokmyeon> white asbestos.
  • the manufacture, import, and use of products containing 0.1% or more of asbestos were prohibited under the Occupational Safety and Health Act. The handling and movement of all substances containing more than% became illegal. As such, since asbestos causes health and health problems, there are efforts to remove asbestos building materials.
  • asbestos waste has been generally pretreated to landfill, but problems such as difficulty in pretreatment work, high cost, and exposure as environmental pollutants even after landfill have been pointed out.
  • asbestos detoxification treatment methods have been studied, and asbestos detoxification treatment methods developed so far include a method of removing the fibrous structure by treating the surface of a product containing asbestos with a strong acid, and a method of melting by heating at high temperature. have.
  • this method has a problem that the strong acid used for pretreatment is greater than the harmfulness of asbestos itself, or it takes a considerable amount of energy due to high temperature heating, so that the treatment cost is greatly increased.
  • the present invention has been developed to improve the conventional method of detoxifying waste asbestos, and provides a method for more effectively detoxifying waste asbestos without using strong acid or heat treatment at high temperature. There is.
  • the present invention comprises: a crushing step of pulverizing waste materials containing asbestos and separating the waste asbestos; Acid treatment step of mixing waste asbestos with acid; Heat treatment step of heating the primary carbonation waste asbestos at a temperature of 350 to 500°C for 1 to 3 hours; A catalyst treatment step of cooling the heat treated waste asbestos and mixing it with a catalyst; A secondary carbonation step of supplying and reacting CO 2 to the catalyst-treated waste asbestos while maintaining a temperature of 100 to 150°C and a pressure of 5 to 8 bar; It provides a method for detoxifying waste materials containing asbestos, characterized in that at least one is made while using an aqueous alkali solution dissolved in water as a catalyst.
  • the detoxified waste asbestos can be commercialized as a recycled material through the drying and packaging process, thereby reducing environmental pollution by reducing the waste of waste materials containing asbestos, as well as eco-friendliness due to resource recycling can be expected.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for detoxifying waste materials containing asbestos according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a photograph of the waste material containing asbestos by the pulverization step in the method for detoxifying the waste material containing asbestos according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relative comparison of XRD patterns for each sample in Test Example 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for detoxifying waste materials containing asbestos according to the present invention, as shown in the present invention, detoxifying asbestos through'crushing of asbestos-containing waste materials ⁇ acid treatment and/or heat treatment ⁇ carbonation treatment' Processing takes place. Specifically, it looks at step by step a method for detoxifying waste materials containing asbestos according to the present invention.
  • the crushing step is a step of pulverizing the waste materials containing asbestos and separating the waste asbestos. Through this step, asbestos fibers are completely spongy, and materials such as waste asbestos and cement are separated. Since dust may be generated during the pulverization process, the pulverization step is preferably performed while adding a stabilizer.
  • the pulverization step may preferably use a shredder, a roller mill, a hammer mill, and the like, and more preferably, a first pulverization step of pulverizing to less than 50 mm using a shredder or a roll mill, and the waste fibers pulverized to less than 1 mm using a hammer mill. It can be carried out by dividing into a second pulverization step of collecting and separating. Fibers and cement particles can be completely separated by the second pulverization step by a hammer mill, and the first pulverization step is performed to improve the efficiency of the hammer mill.
  • the hammer mill can be used for pulverization of ceiling-type asbestos building materials having a density of 12g/cm3 because it is possible to proceed with a closed-type continuous process, and in particular, it has excellent dispersibility due to simultaneous operations such as sponges of fibers.
  • FIG. 2 shows a photograph of the waste material containing asbestos by the pulverization step. After the second pulverization by a hammer mill, the complete sponge state is confirmed, and the SEM photograph also shows the state in which the waste asbestos fiber and the cement material are completely separated.
  • the acid treatment step is a step of mixing waste asbestos with acid.
  • Acid treatment is a process of primarily detoxifying waste asbestos by dissolving it in acid.
  • weak acids such as oxalic acid, bicarbonate, and acetic acid are sufficient as the acid, because it undergoes a secondary detoxification process through carbonation.
  • the acid treatment step is preferably carried out while utilizing a weightless mixer for homogeneous dispersion of the acid.
  • Heat treatment is a step of heating waste asbestos at a temperature of 350 ⁇ 500°C for 1 ⁇ 3 hours. Heat treatment is a process for activating the reaction of the asbestos.
  • the catalytic treatment is a process for increasing the fixation reaction of carbon dioxide in the subsequent carbonation process.
  • As a catalyst an alkaline aqueous solution in which at least one of MgO, Mg(OH)2, and NaCl is dissolved in water is used. By adjusting the pH of the waste asbestos solution to 7 or more, the fixation reaction of carbon dioxide can be increased.
  • the detoxification treatment of waste asbestos becomes possible through a series of processes such as'crushing of waste materials containing asbestos ⁇ acid treatment and/or heat treatment ⁇ carbonation treatment'.
  • the detoxified waste asbestos can be commercialized as a recycled material through drying and packaging steps. If there is moisture, it can be changed to a state that cannot be used due to problems such as rehydration, so it is dried to continue completely drying, and drying can be used with a Raymond Mill dryer.
  • test examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are an XRD pattern and a PLM photograph of an acid-treated sample.
  • the sample using hydrochloric acid (H-1) exhibited a different XRD pattern from the samples using bicarbonate or acetic acid (N-1, A-1), which is the strong acid hydrochloric acid compared to the weak acid sample itself. It is considered to be because it is easy to dissolve the components contained in.
  • N-1, A-1 bicarbonate or acetic acid
  • an asbestos peak between 10-15 degrees was found.
  • a fibrous material judged as white asbestos was observed, and it was confirmed that it had an asbestos content of about 2-3% overall.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 are diagram showing a relative comparison of the XRD patterns of the raw material and the detoxified treated sample. As shown, it is confirmed that the peak of white asbestos is significantly reduced in the detoxified treated sample compared to the raw material.
  • the present invention relates to a method of more effectively detoxifying waste asbestos separated from waste materials containing asbestos through acid treatment or heat treatment followed by carbonation. According to the present invention, it is possible to detoxify waste asbestos more effectively without using a strong acid or heat treatment at a high temperature. Waste asbestos treated with detoxification can be commercialized as recycled materials through drying and packaging processes.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de détoxification de déchets contenant de l'amiante, et plus spécifiquement, un procédé pour détoxifier plus efficacement de l'amiante résiduaire, séparé de déchets contenant de l'amiante, par l'intermédiaire d'un procédé de carbonation après traitement acide ou traitement thermique de celui-ci. Le procédé de détoxification de déchets contenant de l'amiante comprend : une étape de broyage dans laquelle des déchets contenant de l'amiante sont broyés et les déchets d'amiante sont séparés ; une étape de traitement acide dans laquelle les déchets d'amiante sont mélangés avec de l'acide ; une étape de traitement thermique dans laquelle de l'amiante résiduaire carboné primaire est chauffé à une température de 350 à 500 °C pendant 1 à 3 heures ; une étape de traitement catalytique dans laquelle l'amiante résiduaire traité à la chaleur est refroidi et mélangé avec un catalyseur ; et une étape de carbonation secondaire dans laquelle du CO2 est fourni à des déchets contenant de l'amiante ayant subis le traitement catalytique, tout en maintenant une température de 100 à 150 °C et une pression de 5 à 8 bars, l'étape de traitement catalytique étant réalisée en utilisant, en tant que catalyseur, une solution aqueuse alcaline dans laquelle au moins un parmi l'oxyde de magnésium (MgO), l'hydroxyde de magnésium (Mg(OH)2), et le chlorure de sodium (NaCl) sont dissous dans de l'eau.
PCT/KR2020/008273 2019-10-30 2020-06-25 Procédé de détoxification de déchets contenant de l'amiante WO2021085792A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020190136163A KR102159338B1 (ko) 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 석면 함유 폐자재의 무해화 처리방법
KR10-2019-0136163 2019-10-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4124397A1 (fr) * 2021-07-30 2023-02-01 Valame Procédé de traitement d'une matière solide contenant de l'amiante

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050002171A (ko) * 2003-06-30 2005-01-07 주식회사 포스코 고형 매립물의 안정화 처리방법
KR101005082B1 (ko) * 2010-02-26 2010-12-30 한국기계연구원 석면 폐기물 처리 장치
KR20130004115A (ko) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-09 전남대학교산학협력단 석면 함유 물질의 무해화 및 이산화탄소 고정 방법
KR20130114396A (ko) * 2012-04-09 2013-10-17 한국건설기술연구원 저온에서의 산 처리에 의한 폐석면의 안정화 처리방법
KR101536135B1 (ko) * 2014-12-09 2015-07-13 주식회사 드림에코텍 화합물을 이용한 저온 열분해 폐석면 처리 장치

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101326741B1 (ko) 2013-06-25 2013-11-08 한국지질자원연구원 폐슬레이트의 석면 무해화 처리 방법, 및 이렇게 하여 얻은 무해화된 석면

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050002171A (ko) * 2003-06-30 2005-01-07 주식회사 포스코 고형 매립물의 안정화 처리방법
KR101005082B1 (ko) * 2010-02-26 2010-12-30 한국기계연구원 석면 폐기물 처리 장치
KR20130004115A (ko) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-09 전남대학교산학협력단 석면 함유 물질의 무해화 및 이산화탄소 고정 방법
KR20130114396A (ko) * 2012-04-09 2013-10-17 한국건설기술연구원 저온에서의 산 처리에 의한 폐석면의 안정화 처리방법
KR101536135B1 (ko) * 2014-12-09 2015-07-13 주식회사 드림에코텍 화합물을 이용한 저온 열분해 폐석면 처리 장치

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4124397A1 (fr) * 2021-07-30 2023-02-01 Valame Procédé de traitement d'une matière solide contenant de l'amiante
FR3125722A1 (fr) * 2021-07-30 2023-02-03 Valame Procede de traitement d’une matiere solide contenant de l’amiante

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