WO2021082213A1 - 液晶显示面板及液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

液晶显示面板及液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082213A1
WO2021082213A1 PCT/CN2019/125577 CN2019125577W WO2021082213A1 WO 2021082213 A1 WO2021082213 A1 WO 2021082213A1 CN 2019125577 W CN2019125577 W CN 2019125577W WO 2021082213 A1 WO2021082213 A1 WO 2021082213A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal display
display panel
black matrix
substrate
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PCT/CN2019/125577
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English (en)
French (fr)
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曹武
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深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司
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Priority to US16/627,395 priority Critical patent/US20210333672A1/en
Publication of WO2021082213A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082213A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136218—Shield electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136209—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix, incorporated in the active matrix substrate, e.g. structurally associated with the switching element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134372—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for fringe field switching [FFS] where the common electrode is not patterned
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136222—Colour filters incorporated in the active matrix substrate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of display panels, in particular to a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device.
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • FIG. 1 includes a lower substrate 110 and an upper substrate 120.
  • the lower substrate 110 is sequentially provided with a common electrode 111 and a second substrate from bottom to top.
  • the upper substrate 120 is provided with a first sub-pixel 122, a second sub-pixel 123 and a black matrix 121.
  • the data line 113 that distinguishes each sub-pixel needs a shading band, that is, a wide black matrix 121 is needed for isolation, which causes unfriendly aperture or transmittance; at the same time, when the upper and lower substrates are paired together, for the cover part Considering the accuracy of group Shift, BM needs to be further increased.
  • the VA-type LCD technology has developed a COA (color filter film layer arranged on the array substrate) architecture, and in order to remove the black matrix, the DBS electrode (Data Line BM Less) is used for shielding and shading.
  • FIG. 2 which includes a lower substrate 210 and an upper substrate 220.
  • the lower substrate 210 is sequentially provided with a common electrode 211, a first insulating layer 212, a data line 213, a second insulating layer 214, and a first sub-substrate from bottom to top.
  • NonCOA NonCOA
  • a wider black matrix is required for isolation to prevent color mixing, resulting in unfriendly aperture ratio or transmittance
  • a DBS electrode is set to replace the black matrix to achieve shading, but in this architecture In the middle, there are still low-efficiency liquid crystal regions, which is not conducive to the improvement of contrast.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, including:
  • the first substrate is provided with a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines crossing each other to define a plurality of pixel units, each of the plurality of pixel units includes a common electrode, a pixel electrode and a black matrix replacement electrode, so The black matrix replacement electrode is arranged above the data line to shield it, and is insulated from the data line;
  • the second substrate is arranged in a pair with the first substrate, wherein the black matrix is arranged on the second substrate and corresponds to the area between any two adjacent pixel units in the plurality of pixel units;
  • liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a color resist layer disposed on the first substrate.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a color resist layer disposed on the second substrate.
  • the vertical extension lines of the edges on both sides of the black matrix are respectively located inside the outer edges of the common electrodes on both sides of the data line below it.
  • the distances between the vertical extension lines of the two sides of the black matrix and the outer edges of the common electrodes on both sides of the data line below it are greater than 1 micron.
  • the vertical extension lines of the edges on both sides of the black matrix are respectively located outside the inner edges of the common electrodes on both sides of the data line below it.
  • the black matrix replacement electrode and the pixel electrode are formed by the same film forming process and yellow light etching patterning process.
  • the black matrix replacement electrode and the pixel electrode are spaced apart.
  • the material of the black matrix replacement electrode is indium tin oxide.
  • the color resist layer includes a plurality of red color resists, a plurality of blue color resists, and a plurality of green color resists.
  • the color resist layer is disposed between the data line layer and the pixel electrode layer, and is insulated from the data line and the pixel electrode, respectively.
  • the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device, including the aforementioned liquid crystal display panel.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, which uses a black matrix to replace the composite light-shielding structure of the electrodes and the black matrix at the data line routing.
  • the black matrix replacement electrode is used for electrical control to achieve light leakage shielding, and the black matrix is used to block the liquid crystal inefficient area caused by the black matrix replacement electrode, effectively controlling the dark field brightness, thereby improving the contrast;
  • replacing the black matrix Under the action of the electrodes, the width of the black matrix can be controlled within a range smaller than the distance between the common electrodes on both sides of the corresponding data line, thereby effectively ensuring the aperture ratio of the pixel. That is, the liquid crystal display panel provided by the present invention can take into account the effective aperture ratio and the color mixing and light leakage control function, and significantly improve the contrast.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in the prior art of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another liquid crystal display panel provided in the prior art of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another liquid crystal display panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes:
  • the first substrate 310 is provided with a plurality of scan lines (not shown in the figure) for inputting driving signals, and a plurality of data lines 313 for inputting signals to the pixel electrode 315, the plurality of scan lines and the plurality of
  • the data lines 313 are arranged crosswise and define a plurality of pixel units.
  • the pixel units include a common electrode 311, a pixel electrode 315, and a black matrix replacement electrode 316.
  • the black matrix replacement electrode 316 is arranged above the data line 313 to It is shielded and insulated from the data line 313,
  • the first substrate 310 includes a common electrode 311, a first insulating layer 312, a data line 313, a second insulating layer 314, a pixel electrode 315, and a black matrix replacement electrode 316 in order from bottom to top;
  • the second substrate 320 is provided with a color resist layer and a black matrix 323.
  • the color resist layer includes a plurality of color resists located in the pixel area.
  • the first color resist 321 and the second color resist 322 are exemplarily shown in FIG.
  • the black matrix 323 is formed at the boundary between the first color resistor 321 and the second color resistor 322;
  • the liquid crystal layer 330 is disposed between the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 320, and the direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 330 is controlled by energization or not, so as to refract the light from the backlight module to produce a picture.
  • black matrix 323 + black matrix replacement electrode 316 a hybrid structure of black matrix 323 + black matrix replacement electrode 316 is adopted, in which the black matrix 323 plays a physical shielding role, and the black matrix replacement electrode 316 plays a role of electrical control and shielding light leakage; therefore, the pairing accuracy can be improved, and the data line 313 is allowed in disguise.
  • the width of the black matrix 323 is reduced.
  • the black matrix 323 covers the liquid crystal inefficient area near the black matrix replacement electrode 316, the contrast is further improved on the basis of the existing architecture;
  • the black matrix replacement electrode of the present invention is DBS (Data The line BM less) electrode has the same potential as the common electrode on the second substrate, so that the liquid crystal molecules in this area remain in an undeflected state, which acts as a light shield and can replace the black matrix corresponding to the data line.
  • DBS Data The line BM less
  • the vertical extension lines on both sides of the black matrix 323 are respectively located inside the outer edges of the common electrode 311 on both sides of the data line 313 underneath.
  • the width design can effectively cover the liquid crystal display. The effective area is used to improve the contrast, and avoid entering the pixel opening area when it is too wide to affect the aperture ratio.
  • the distances between the vertical extension lines on both sides of the black matrix 323 from the outer edges of the common electrodes 311 on both sides of the data line 313 underneath are D1 and D2, and both D1 and D2 are greater than 1 micron.
  • the vertical extension lines of the edges on both sides of the black matrix 323 are respectively located outside the inner edges of the common electrodes 311 on both sides of the data line 313 below it to ensure sufficient shielding of the low-efficiency area of the liquid crystal.
  • the black matrix replacement electrode 316 and the pixel electrode 315 are formed by the same film-forming process and yellow photo-etching patterning process. Specifically, a physical vapor deposition process is used on the second insulating layer 314 A layer of indium tin oxide film is deposited, and then a corresponding pattern is formed through a yellow light etching process, that is, the black matrix replacement electrode 316 and the pixel electrode 315 are formed, and the black matrix replacement electrode 316 and the pixel electrode 315 are spaced apart.
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes:
  • the first substrate 410 is provided with a plurality of scan lines (not shown in the figure) for inputting driving signals, and a plurality of data lines 413 for inputting signals to the pixel electrode 418, the plurality of scan lines and the plurality of
  • the data lines 413 are arranged crosswise and define a plurality of pixel units.
  • Each of the plurality of pixel units includes a common electrode 411, a color resist layer, a pixel electrode 418, and a black matrix replacement electrode 419.
  • the black matrix replacement The electrode 419 is arranged above the data line 413 to shield it and is insulated from the data line 413.
  • the color resist layer includes a plurality of color resists located in the pixel area. Color resistance 415 and second color resistance 416,
  • the first substrate 410 includes a common electrode 411, a first insulating layer 412, a data line 413, a second insulating layer 414, a first color resist 415, a second color resist 416, and a third insulating layer in order from bottom to top.
  • the second substrate 420 is provided with a black matrix 421 formed on the corresponding area on the second substrate above the boundary between the first color resistor 415 and the second color resistor 416;
  • the liquid crystal layer 430 is disposed between the first substrate 410 and the second substrate 420, and the direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 430 is controlled by whether or not power is applied, so as to refract the light of the backlight module to produce a picture.
  • black matrix 421 + black matrix replacement electrode 419 a hybrid structure of black matrix 421 + black matrix replacement electrode 419 is adopted, in which black matrix 421 plays a physical role in shading, and black matrix replacement electrode 419 plays a role of electrical control and shielding light leakage; therefore, the accuracy of the pairing can be improved, and the data line 413 is allowed in disguise.
  • the width of the black matrix 421 is reduced.
  • the black matrix 421 covers the liquid crystal inefficient area near the black matrix replacement electrode 419, the contrast is further improved on the basis of the existing architecture.
  • the vertical extension lines on both sides of the black matrix 421 are located on the inner side of the outer edge of the common electrode 411 on both sides of the data line 413 underneath.
  • the width design can effectively cover the liquid crystal display. The effective area is used to improve the contrast, and avoid entering the pixel opening area when it is too wide to affect the aperture ratio.
  • the distances between the vertical extension lines of the two sides of the black matrix 421 and the outer edges of the common electrodes 411 on the two sides of the data line 413 below the black matrix 421 are L1 and L2, and the L1 and L2 are both greater than 1 micron.
  • the vertical extension lines of the two side edges of the black matrix 421 are respectively located outside the inner edges of the common electrodes 411 on both sides of the data line 413 below it to ensure sufficient shielding of the low-efficiency area of the liquid crystal.
  • the black matrix replacement electrode 419 and the pixel electrode 418 are formed by the same film forming process and yellow photoetching patterning process, specifically, a physical vapor deposition process is used on the third insulating layer 417 A layer of indium tin oxide film is deposited, and then a corresponding pattern is formed through a yellow light etching process, that is, the black matrix replacement electrode 419 and the pixel electrode 418 are formed, and the black matrix replacement electrode 419 and the pixel electrode 418 are spaced apart.
  • the vertical extension lines of the two side edges of the black matrix replacement electrode 419 are respectively located outside the inner edges of the common electrodes on both sides of the data line 413 below it.
  • the vertical extension lines of the two sides of the black matrix replacement electrode 419 are respectively located within the two sides of the corresponding black matrix 421.
  • a comparative example of this embodiment is provided.
  • the comparative example provides a liquid crystal display panel. Except for the black matrix 421 structure, the rest of the structure is exactly the same as the liquid crystal display panel provided in this embodiment.
  • the absolute aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display panel provided by this embodiment is 5.2% smaller than that of the control example, but the liquid crystal efficiency is increased by 5.8% compared with the control example, which can ensure that the transmittance of the liquid crystal display panel provided by this embodiment is basically the same as that of the control example. It is equivalent, but the liquid crystal display panel provided in this embodiment reduces the dark field brightness due to the reduced area of the light-transmitting area, that is, it has a higher contrast ratio than the liquid crystal display panel provided in the comparative example.
  • the liquid crystal display panel in the embodiment of the present invention may also include any other necessary structures as required, such as The gate, source and drain electrodes, interlayer dielectric layer (ILD), etc., are not specifically limited here.
  • both the COA and Non-COA architectures can take into account effective aperture ratio and color mixing and light leakage control Features and significantly improves the contrast.
  • a liquid crystal display device is also provided, including the foregoing liquid crystal display panel.

Abstract

一种液晶显示面板，包括第一基板（310），设置有相互交叉的扫描线与数据线（313），限定出多个像素单元，像素单元中包括公共电极（311）、像素电极（315）及黑色矩阵替换电极（316），黑色矩阵替换电极（316）设置于数据线（313）上方并与数据线（313）绝缘；第二基板（320），与第一基板（310）对组设置，其中黑色矩阵（323）配置于第二基板（320）上；以及，液晶层（330），设置于第一基板（310）与第二基板（320）间。

Description

液晶显示面板及液晶显示装置
本申请要求于2019年10月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911036170.4、发明名称为“液晶显示面板及液晶显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及显示面板技术领域，具体涉及一种液晶显示面板及液晶显示装置。
 背景技术
液晶显示器（Liquid Crystal Display，LCD）因其具有高画质、省电、机身薄及应用范围广等优点，已被广泛应用于手机、电视、个人数字助理、数码相机、笔记本电脑等各种消费电子品，成为显示装置中的主流。
在早期的NonCOA（彩色滤光膜层设置于彩膜基板）技术中，请参照图1，包括下基板110与上基板120，所述下基板110上由下至上依次设置有公共电极111、第一绝缘层112、数据线113、第二绝缘层114及像素电极115，所述上基板120上设置有第一子像素122、第二子像素123与黑色矩阵121。为了防止混色色偏，区别各个子像素的数据线113处需要遮光带，即需要宽的黑色矩阵121进行隔离，造成开口率或者穿透率不友好；同时在上下基板对组时，为了Cover部分的对组Shift精度考虑，BM需要进一步加大。
为了节约开口率，VA型LCD技术开展出COA（彩色滤光膜层设置于阵列基板）架构，同时为了去除黑色矩阵，使用DBS电极(Data Line BM Less)进行屏蔽遮光。具体请参见图2，包括下基板210与上基板220，所述下基板210上由下至上依次设置有公共电极211、第一绝缘层212、数据线213、第二绝缘层214、第一子像素215、第二子像素216、第三绝缘层217、像素电极218及DBS电极219。由于DBS电极与上基板com电极等电位输入，该处压差小，VA液晶不发生倒伏，因此保持常暗，实现遮光。然而，在此设计中，存在低效率液晶区域，不利于对比度的提升。
 技术问题
现有的NonCOA架构中，即需要较宽的黑色矩阵进行隔离防止混色，造成开口率或者穿透率不友好；另一种COA架构中，通过设置DBS电极代替黑色矩阵实现遮光，但在此架构中，仍存在低效率液晶区域，不利于对比度的提升。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述问题，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种液晶显示面板，包括：
第一基板，设置有相互交叉的多条扫描线与多条数据线，限定出多个像素单元，所述多个像素单元中的每一者包括公共电极、像素电极及黑色矩阵替换电极，所述黑色矩阵替换电极设置于所述数据线上方将其遮挡，并与所述数据线绝缘；
第二基板，与所述第一基板对组设置，其中黑色矩阵配置于所述第二基板上，并且对应所述多个像素单元中任意两个相邻的像素单元之间的区域；
以及，液晶层，设置于所述第一基板与第二基板之间。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述液晶显示面板还包括色阻层，设置于第一基板上。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述液晶显示面板还包括色阻层，设置于第二基板上。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述黑色矩阵两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线的两侧的公共电极的外侧边缘的内侧。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述黑色矩阵两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别距其下方的数据线的两侧的公共电极的外侧边缘的距离均大于1微米。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述黑色矩阵两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线的两侧的公共电极的内侧边缘的外侧。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极与所述像素电极为同一成膜工艺与黄光蚀刻图案化工艺所形成。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极与所述像素电极间隔分布。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极的材料为氧化铟锡。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述色阻层包括多个红色色阻、多个蓝色色阻及多个绿色色阻。
在本申请实施例所提供的液晶显示面板中，所述色阻层设置于所述数据线层与像素电极层之间，且分别与所述数据线及像素电极绝缘。
本发明还提供了一种液晶显示装置，包括前述的液晶显示面板。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果为：本发明提供了一种液晶显示面板，通过在数据线走线处，应用黑色矩阵替换电极与黑色矩阵的复合遮光结构。一方面，利用黑色矩阵替换电极进行电性控制实现漏光屏蔽，同时采取黑色矩阵遮挡黑色矩阵替换电极引起的液晶低效区，有效控制暗场亮度，从而提升对比度；另一方面，在黑色矩阵替换电极的作用下，黑色矩阵的宽度可控制在小于对应数据线两侧公共电极间距的范围内，从而有效地保证了像素的开口率。即，本发明所提供的液晶显示面板可兼顾有效开口率和混色漏光控制功能，并显著提高了对比度。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明现有技术中提供的一种液晶显示面板的结构示意图；
图2是本发明现有技术中提供的另一种液晶显示面板的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种液晶显示面板的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的另一种液晶显示面板的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图示，用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如[上]、[下]、[前]、[后]、[左]、[右]、[内]、[外]、[侧面]等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明，而非用以限制本发明。在图中，结构相似的单元是用以相同标号表示。
本发明实施例提供了一种液晶显示面板，具体请参见图3，以下分别进行详细说明，该液晶显示面板包括：
第一基板310，设置有多条扫描线（图中未标出），用于输入驱动信号，与多条数据线313，用于输入信号至像素电极315，所述多条扫描线与多条数据线313交叉设置，并限定出多个像素单元，所述像素单元中包括公共电极311、像素电极315及黑色矩阵替换电极316，所述黑色矩阵替换电极316设置于所述数据线313上方将其遮挡，并与所述数据线313绝缘，
具体地，所述第一基板310上由下至上依次包括公共电极311、第一绝缘层312、数据线313、第二绝缘层314、像素电极315及黑色矩阵替换电极316；
第二基板320，设置有色阻层与黑色矩阵323，色阻层包括多个位于像素区内的色阻，图3中示例性地给出了第一色阻321与第二色阻322，所述黑色矩阵323形成于所述第一色阻321与第二色阻322之间的边界处；
以及，液晶层330，设置于所述第一基板310与第二基板320之间，通过通电与否来控制液晶层330中液晶分子的方向，进而将背光模组的光线折射出来产生画面。
在这里，采用黑色矩阵323+黑色矩阵替换电极316的混合结构，其中黑色矩阵323起物理遮光作用，黑色矩阵替换电极316起电学控制屏蔽漏光作用；因此可以提高对组精度，变相允许数据线313处黑色矩阵323的宽度减小，另，由于黑色矩阵323遮盖了黑色矩阵替换电极316附近的液晶低效区，使得在现有的架构基础上，进一步改善了对比度；
其中，所述本发明所述的黑色矩阵替换电极即为DBS（Data line BM less）电极，与所述第二基板上的公共电极等电位，使得该区域的液晶分子保持未偏转的状态，起到遮光的作用，进而可替换与所述数据线对应的黑色矩阵。
在本实施例中，所述黑色矩阵323两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线313的两侧的公共电极311的外侧边缘的内侧，以此宽度设计即可有效遮盖液晶低效区以改善对比度，避免过宽时进入像素开口区影响开口率。
进一步地，所述黑色矩阵323两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别距其下方的数据线313的两侧的公共电极311的外侧边缘的距离为D1与D2，所述D1与D2均大于1微米，以防止Overlay对组偏移发生造成开口率及透过率下降。
在本实施例中，所述黑色矩阵323两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线313的两侧的公共电极311的内侧边缘的外侧，以保证液晶低效区的足够遮挡。
在本实施例中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极316与所述像素电极315为同一成膜工艺与黄光蚀刻图案化工艺所形成，具体地在所述第二绝缘层314上使用物理气相沉积工艺沉积一层氧化铟锡薄膜，然后经过黄光蚀刻工艺形成对应图案，即形成所述黑色矩阵替换电极316与所述像素电极315，所述黑色矩阵替换电极316与所述像素电极315间隔分布。
本发明另一实施例提供了一种液晶显示面板，具体请参见图4，以下分别进行详细说明，该液晶显示面板包括：
第一基板410，设置有多条扫描线（图中未标出），用于输入驱动信号，与多条数据线413，用于输入信号至像素电极418，所述多条扫描线与多条数据线413交叉设置，并限定出多个像素单元，所述多个像素单元中的每一者均包括公共电极411、色阻层、像素电极418及黑色矩阵替换电极419，所述黑色矩阵替换电极419设置于所述数据线413上方将其遮挡，并与所述数据线413绝缘，所述色阻层包括多个位于像素区内的色阻，图4中示例性地给出了第一色阻415与第二色阻416，
具体地，所述第一基板410上由下至上依次包括公共电极411、第一绝缘层412、数据线413、第二绝缘层414、第一色阻415、第二色阻416、第三绝缘层417、像素电极418及黑色矩阵替换电极419；
第二基板420，设置有黑色矩阵421，所述黑色矩阵421形成于所述第一色阻415与第二色阻416之间的边界处上方对应的第二基板上的区域；
以及，液晶层430，设置于所述第一基板410与第二基板420之间，通过通电与否来控制液晶层430中液晶分子的方向，进而将背光模组的光线折射出来产生画面。
在这里，采用黑色矩阵421+黑色矩阵替换电极419的混合结构，其中黑色矩阵421起物理遮光作用，黑色矩阵替换电极419起电学控制屏蔽漏光作用；因此可以提高对组精度，变相允许数据线413处黑色矩阵421的宽度减小，另，由于黑色矩阵421遮盖了黑色矩阵替换电极419附近的液晶低效区，使得在现有的架构基础上，进一步改善了对比度。
在本实施例中，所述黑色矩阵421两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线413的两侧的公共电极411的外侧边缘的内侧，以此宽度设计即可有效遮盖液晶低效区以改善对比度，避免过宽时进入像素开口区影响开口率。
进一步地，所述黑色矩阵421两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别距其下方的数据线413的两侧的公共电极411的外侧边缘的距离为L1与L2，所述L1与L2均大于1微米，以防止Overlay对组偏移发生造成开口率及透过率下降。
在本实施例中，所述黑色矩阵421两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线413的两侧的公共电极411的内侧边缘的外侧，以保证液晶低效区的足够遮挡。
在本实施例中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极419与所述像素电极418为同一成膜工艺与黄光蚀刻图案化工艺所形成，具体地在所述第三绝缘层417上使用物理气相沉积工艺沉积一层氧化铟锡薄膜，然后经过黄光蚀刻工艺形成对应图案，即形成所述黑色矩阵替换电极419与所述像素电极418，所述黑色矩阵替换电极419与所述像素电极418间隔分布。
在本实施例中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极419两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线413的两侧的公共电极的内侧边缘的外侧。
在本实施例中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极419两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于对应的黑色矩阵421的两侧边缘以内。
另外，设置一个本实施例的对照例，该对照例提供了一种液晶显示面板，除没有所述黑色矩阵421结构外，其余结构与本实施例提供的液晶显示面板完全相同。
通过测试，本实施例提供的液晶显示面板的绝对开口率较对照例小5.2%，但液晶效率较对照例提升5.8%，可保证本实施例提供的液晶显示面板的透过率与对照例基本相当，然而本实施例提供的液晶显示面板由于其透光区面积减小，减小了暗场亮度，即较对照例提供的液晶显示面板，拥有更高的对比度。
需要说明的是，上述液晶显示面板实施例中仅描述了上述结构，可以理解的是，除了上述结构之外，本发明实施例液晶显示面板中，还可以根据需要包括任何其他的必要结构，例如栅极，源漏电极、层间介质层（ILD）等，具体此处不作限定。
对于本发明实施例提供的液晶显示面板，通过在数据线走线处，应用黑色矩阵替换电极与黑色矩阵的复合遮光结构，在COA及Non-COA架构中均能兼顾有效开口率和混色漏光控制功能，并显著提高了对比度。
基于前述实施例中提供液晶显示面板，还提供了一种液晶显示装置，包括前述的液晶显示面板。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见上文针对其他实施例的详细描述，此处不再赘述。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种液晶显示面板及液晶显示装置进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种液晶显示面板，其特征在于，包括：
    第一基板，设置有相互交叉的多条扫描线与多条数据线，限定出多个像素单元，所述多个像素单元中的每一者包括公共电极、像素电极及黑色矩阵替换电极，所述黑色矩阵替换电极设置于所述数据线上方将其遮挡，并与所述数据线绝缘；
    第二基板，与所述第一基板对组设置，其中黑色矩阵配置于所述第二基板上，并且对应所述多个像素单元中任意两个相邻的像素单元之间的区域；
    以及，液晶层，设置于所述第一基板与第二基板之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中，还包括色阻层，设置于第一基板上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中，还包括色阻层，设置于第二基板上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述黑色矩阵两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线的两侧的公共电极的外侧边缘的内侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述黑色矩阵两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别距其下方的数据线的两侧的公共电极的外侧边缘的距离均大于1微米。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述黑色矩阵两侧边缘的垂直延长线，分别位于其下方的数据线的两侧的公共电极的内侧边缘的外侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极与所述像素电极为同一成膜工艺与黄光蚀刻图案化工艺所形成。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极与所述像素电极间隔分布。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述黑色矩阵替换电极的材料为氧化铟锡。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述色阻层包括多个红色色阻、多个蓝色色阻及多个绿色色阻。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述色阻层包括多个红色色阻、多个蓝色色阻及多个绿色色阻。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述色阻层设置于所述数据线层与像素电极层之间，且分别与所述数据线及像素电极绝缘。
  13. 一种液晶显示装置，其中，包括如权利要求1任所述的液晶显示面板。
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