WO2021075335A1 - Échangeur de chaleur et dispositif de climatisation le comprenant - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur et dispositif de climatisation le comprenant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021075335A1
WO2021075335A1 PCT/JP2020/038072 JP2020038072W WO2021075335A1 WO 2021075335 A1 WO2021075335 A1 WO 2021075335A1 JP 2020038072 W JP2020038072 W JP 2020038072W WO 2021075335 A1 WO2021075335 A1 WO 2021075335A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
coating film
sacrificial anode
brazing sheet
brazing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/038072
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
孝仁 中島
広田　正宣
憲昭 山本
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority to CN202080015171.5A priority Critical patent/CN113454416A/zh
Publication of WO2021075335A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021075335A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0059—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
    • F24F1/0063—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers by the mounting or arrangement of the heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/004—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using protective electric currents, voltages, cathodes, anodes, electric short-circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/04—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of rubber; of plastics material; of varnish
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/043—Condensers made by assembling plate-like or laminated elements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an aluminum heat exchanger and an air conditioner equipped with the heat exchanger.
  • a general heat exchanger is usually provided with a pipe and fins, and has a configuration in which a plurality of fins are attached to the outer circumference of the pipe.
  • As the material of the tube copper (Cu) or an alloy thereof (referred to as “copper material” for convenience) has been used, but in recent years, aluminum (Al) or an alloy thereof (aluminum material) has also been used.
  • As a fin material an aluminum material is generally used.
  • brazing sheet in which a brazing material layer is clad (coated) on at least one surface of a core material made of an aluminum alloy is used.
  • a brazing sheet in which a brazing material is clad on one surface of the core material and a sacrificial anode material layer is clad on the other surface is used.
  • an aluminum-silicon (Si) -based alloy used for brazing an aluminum alloy is generally used, and as a sacrificial anode material, aluminum is generally used in order to make its potential low.
  • An alloy in which zinc (Zn) is added is used.
  • a typical sacrificial anode material a brazing material of a general aluminum-silicon alloy with zinc added can be mentioned. As a result, the sacrificial anode material also functions as a brazing material.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an aluminum alloy brazing sheet used for a heat exchanger for an automobile, particularly a passage component of a fluid (cooling water, a refrigerant, etc.), and has good brazing property and excellent after brazing.
  • the components of the core material and the sacrificial anode material are adjusted to achieve the strength and corrosion resistance.
  • the content of silicon, iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in the sacrificial anode material is regulated to 0.15% by mass or less. This is because the formation of Al—Mn—Si or Al—Fe—Mn—Si compounds is suppressed, and the decrease in strength after brazing is suppressed.
  • the silicon content of the core material is regulated to 0.15% by mass or less, and copper is added to the core material in the range of 0.40 to 1.2% by weight. The reason for adding copper is to improve the strength of the core material, increase the potential difference between the core material and the sacrificial anode layer, and improve the anticorrosion effect due to the sacrificial anode action.
  • Patent Document 2 also discloses an aluminum alloy brazing sheet used for an automobile heat exchanger, particularly a fluid passage component.
  • the brazing sheet not only the core material and the sacrificial anode material but also the brazing material component has a sacrificial anticorrosive effect on both sides and a brazing function on one side thereof and further prevents preferential corrosion of the joint portion. Is also adjusting.
  • zinc (Zn) is added not only to the sacrificial anode material but also to the brazing material, and copper is further added to the brazing material in the range of 0.1 to 0.6 mass%. Copper is also added to the core material in the range of 0.05 to 1.2 mass%. The purpose of adding copper to each material is different, for the brazing material, to make the potential of the brazing material noble, and for the core material, to improve the strength of the core material.
  • the strength is improved by adding copper to the core material, and the anticorrosion effect is improved by the sacrificial anode action.
  • the silicon content of both the sacrificial anode material and the core material is limited to 0.15% by mass or less, and the core material also contains various metal elements other than copper. It is specified in detail. Therefore, the range of material choices that can be used as the core material and the sacrificial anode material is reduced.
  • the silicon content of the sacrificial anode material is regulated to a very small amount. Therefore, it is considered that this sacrificial anode material layer does not have a function as a general brazing material.
  • a structure is included in which when the brazing sheets are joined to each other, the angle formed by the respective joint surfaces becomes an acute angle.
  • an acute-angled joint structure and a surface that is not joined adjacent to the joint surface of the brazing sheet is referred to as a "non-joint adjacent surface"
  • non-joint adjacent surface in such a sharp-angle joint structure, non-joins that form an acute angle with each other Fillets are formed between the adjacent surfaces.
  • This fillet is defined herein as a solidified wax or sacrificial anode material that has flowed out of the joint surface during joining.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum heat exchangers.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present disclosure is an aluminum heat exchanger, and has an epoxy-based coating film having a thickness in the range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m on a part of the surface of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is arranged inside the box so that the coating film is not directly irradiated with ultraviolet rays.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a brazing sheet according to a typical embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a joining structure of a brazing sheet according to a typical embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a header of a plate fin laminated heat exchanger constructed by using the brazing sheet shown in FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 2B is an enlarged schematic partial cross-sectional view of the joining structure of the brazing sheet included in the header shown in FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a parallel flow capacitor (PFC) configured using the brazing sheet shown in FIG.
  • PFC parallel flow capacitor
  • FIG. 3B is an enlarged schematic partial cross-sectional view of the joining structure of the brazing sheet included in the PFC shown in FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration in which a plate fin laminated heat exchanger in which the header shown in FIG. 2A is subjected to dipping coating is installed in an air conditioner.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the molecular structure of epichlorohydrin / bisphenol A type resin.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 2.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Example 1.
  • FIG. 6D is a diagram showing the results of a corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Example 2.
  • FIG. 7A is a diagram showing the results of an adhesion test after the corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the adhesion test result after the corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 2.
  • FIG. 7C is a diagram showing the adhesion test result after the corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Example 1.
  • FIG. 7A is a diagram showing the results of an adhesion test after the corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the adhesion test result after the corrosion resistance test of the coating film arranged on the
  • FIG. 8A is a diagram showing the results of an adhesion test after the moisture resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the results of an adhesion test after the moisture resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Comparative Example 2.
  • FIG. 8C is a diagram showing the results of an adhesion test after the moisture resistance test of the coating film arranged on the brazing sheet according to Example 1.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the coating film and the adhesion according to the present disclosure.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present disclosure is an aluminum heat exchanger, and has an epoxy-based coating film having a thickness in the range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m on a part of the surface of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is arranged inside the box so that the coating film is not directly irradiated with ultraviolet rays.
  • the coating film may contain a metal powder having a lower potential than aluminum.
  • the heat exchanger may be configured by using brazing.
  • the joint between the brazing sheets having a relatively low potential is protected by the sacrificial anodic action of the metal particles having a relatively low potential. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress or prevent the possibility that corrosion progresses from the fillet generated adjacent to the joint portion between the brazing sheets to the joint portion and causes a decrease in the joint strength of the joint portion, so that the heat exchanger can be joined.
  • Corrosion resistance in the part can be made even better. That is, even when the potential of the fillet is lower than that of its surroundings, the preferential corrosion of the fillet can be easily and effectively suppressed or prevented, and the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger can be improved.
  • the joint In order to protect the joint between the brazing sheets, the joint is concentrated on the header, and the epoxy-based paint containing metal particles whose potential is lower than that of the joint is applied only to the joint and its surroundings. May be overcoated.
  • the potential evaluation method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be preferably used.
  • a potential measurement sample for example, a brazing sheet 10 or a core material 11, a brazing material, a sacrificial anode material, a fillet 22 or a joint portion 21, or a composition simulating these
  • a potato stat / galvanostat. Alloy, etc.
  • the counter electrode, and the reference electrode for example, silver / silver chloride (Ag / AgCl) electrode
  • an electrolytic solution for example, 5% by weight & sodium chloride (NaCl) solution
  • a method of measuring the potential difference from the electrode can be mentioned.
  • a multi-layer structure is generally composed of an epoxy-based paint that can obtain suitable adhesion strength to an aluminum material as an undercoat, and a urethane-based paint as a topcoat for the purpose of protecting the undercoat coating film from ultraviolet rays. Used.
  • the second and subsequent coats are not desirable from the viewpoint of cost control and environmental protection.
  • a structure that sufficiently suppresses the invasion of ultraviolet rays into the painted portion can sufficiently improve the corrosion resistance life as a heat exchanger.
  • even a complicated shape can be painted at once by dip painting, for example.
  • the heat exchanger can be produced more easily and the burden on the environment can be reduced. Further, the heat exchange efficiency of the header portion is not as good as that of the fin portion and the heat transfer tube portion. Therefore, when the joint portion is arranged in the header portion, the efficiency decrease can be minimized by making the header portion a relative non-ventilated portion in the entire heat exchanger.
  • the dew condensation water generated during the operation of the heat exchanger can more reliably wash away the peeled coating film or the corrosion products. .. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress or prevent the scattering of the peeled coating film or the corrosion product, and it is possible to suppress the pollution of the surrounding environment.
  • the brazing sheet 10 includes a core material 11, a brazing material layer 12, and a sacrificial anode material layer 13.
  • the brazing material layer 12 is coated (clad) on one surface of the core material 11, and the sacrificial anode material layer 13 is the other surface of the core material 11, that is, the surface opposite to the surface on which the brazing material layer 12 is coated. It is covered with.
  • the core material 11, the brazing material forming the brazing material layer 12, and the sacrificial anode material forming the sacrificial anode material layer 13 are all aluminum alloys.
  • the brazing sheet 10 may have a configuration in which the core material 11 and the sacrificial anode material layer 13 are provided, and the brazing material layer 12 is not provided.
  • a sacrificial anode material layer 13 is formed on both surfaces of the core material 11.
  • the brazing sheet 10 has a joint surface at least on the side of the sacrificial anode material layer 13, and the joint surface is formed by joining the joint surfaces to each other.
  • the structure in which the brazing sheets 10 are joined to each other at the joining surface is the joining structure of the brazing sheets 10.
  • the brazing sheet 10 has a non-joint adjacent surface adjacent to the joint surface. When the brazing sheets 10 are joined together to form a joined structure, the angle formed by the respective non-joined adjacent surfaces is an acute angle.
  • a fillet 22 is formed between the non-joining adjacent surfaces 10b as shown in FIG. 1B.
  • the heat exchanger includes a member or structure on which such a fillet 22 is formed, and in such a member or structure, the non-joined adjacent surfaces 10b often form an acute angle. ..
  • the fillet 22 is defined as a solidified brazing material (or sacrificial anode material) that has flowed out from the joint surface 10a at the time of joining.
  • the joint surface 10a is set at least on the sacrificial anode material layer 13. Therefore, as will be described later, the sacrificial anode material also serves as a brazing material. That is, the sacrificial anode material layer 13 contributes to joining the brazing sheets 10 as a brazing material at the time of joining, and contributes to the anticorrosion effect of the brazing sheet 10 as a sacrificial anode material after joining.
  • a non-joint adjacent surface 10b is set adjacent to the joint surface 10a. Therefore, the non-bonded adjacent surface 10b is also the sacrificial anode material layer 13 like the bonded surface 10a.
  • corrosion may proceed in the directions indicated by the block arrows C1 and C2 in FIG. 1B.
  • the direction of the block arrow C1 is the corrosion direction that progresses from the non-bonded adjacent surface 10b to the direction of the core material 11.
  • the direction of the block arrow C2 is the corrosion direction that progresses along the direction of the joint surface 10a at the joint portion 21 including the fillet 22.
  • the corrosion that progresses in the corrosion direction C1 is suppressed (avoided or prevented) by the sacrificial anode action of the sacrificial anode material layer 13, but the corrosion that progresses in the corrosion direction C2 is that zinc is concentrated in the fillet 22. Therefore, there is a possibility that the potential of the joint portion 21 including the fillet 22 is too low and progresses.
  • the corrosion in the corrosion direction C2 can be effectively suppressed (avoided or prevented) by arranging the epoxy-based coating film 14 on the surfaces of the joint surface 10a and the fillet 22. it can.
  • the brazing sheet 10 can be particularly suitably used for manufacturing a heat exchanger as described above.
  • the bonding structure 20 formed when the brazing sheet 10 is applied to the heat exchanger has a structure as illustrated in FIG. 1B as described above, but more specifically, it is shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. Examples thereof include a plate fin laminated heat exchanger having such a structure and a parallel flow capacitor (PFC) having a structure as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
  • PFC parallel flow capacitor
  • the plate fin laminated heat exchanger is a plate fin laminated body having a flow path through which a refrigerant, which is a first fluid, flows, and air, which is a second fluid, is flowed between each plate fin laminated body to flow the first fluid. Heat exchange is performed between the fluid and the second fluid.
  • the plate fin included in this heat exchanger has a flow path region having a plurality of first fluid flow paths through which the first fluid flows in parallel, and a header flow path communicating with each first fluid flow path in this flow path region. It has a header area and.
  • FIG. 2A shows a schematic structure of a header portion in the plate fin laminated body 30 as a partial cross section, and a plurality of plate fins 32 are laminated on an end plate 31 located at the uppermost part in the drawing.
  • each of the end plate 31 and the plate fin 32 An opening is provided in each of the end plate 31 and the plate fin 32, and the header opening 33 is formed by laminating these plates to form the plate fin laminated body 30.
  • the refrigerant as the first fluid flows in from the outside of the header opening 33 in the direction indicated by the block arrow in the drawing, and further flows in between the plate fins 32.
  • each plate fin 32 is provided with the first fluid flow path, so that the refrigerant flowing between the plate fins 32 flows through the first fluid flow path.
  • the air which is the second fluid, flows in the space formed between the plate fins 32 so as to intersect the direction in which the refrigerant flows (the direction of the first fluid flow path). As a result, the air is cooled by the refrigerant.
  • FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged view of the plate fin laminate 30 shown in FIG. 2A, and schematically shows an example of the joining structure 20 of the brazing sheet 10.
  • the plate fin 32 is the brazing sheet 10 according to the present disclosure
  • the joint structure 20 is the joint portion 21 located on the header opening 33 side.
  • the plate fin 32, which is the brazing sheet 10 is shown by emphasizing the sacrificial anode material layer 13 with hatching, and also highlighting the fillet 22 with hatching.
  • the joint surfaces 10a of the plate fins 32 are joined to each other, and a fillet 22 is formed between the non-joint adjacent surfaces 10b adjacent to the joint surface 10a.
  • the epoxy coating film 14 is arranged on the surfaces of the joint surface 10a and the fillet 22.
  • Such a plate fin laminated heat exchanger include, for example, JP-A-2017-180856, JP-A-2018-066531, JP-A-2018-066532, and JP-A-2018-066533. It is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-066534, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-066535, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-066536, etc. It shall be a part of the description of the specification.
  • a parallel flow condenser is a heat exchanger widely used for car air conditioners (air conditioners for automobiles).
  • a plurality of flat tubes are arranged between a pair of header tubes, and heat is dissipated between these flat tubes.
  • Corrugated fins are arranged. These header pipes, flat pipes, corrugated fins and the like are joined by brazing.
  • FIG. 3A shows a schematic structure of a connecting portion between the header pipe 41 and the flat pipe 42 in the PFC 40 as a partial cross section.
  • Corrugated fins 43 are provided between the flat pipes 42, and these are also joined by brazing, and the joining structure 20 is a connecting portion between the header pipe 41 and the flat pipe 42, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3B. is there.
  • the header tube 41 and the flat tube 42 are both brazing sheets 10, and the header tube 41 and the flat tube 42 are shown by emphasizing the sacrificial anode material layer 13 with hatching.
  • the fillet 22 is also highlighted by hatching. Since the sacrificial anode material layer 13 of the flat tube 42 is flat, the joint surface 10a and the non-joint adjacent surface 10b are set as different regions on a continuous single surface (the surface of the sacrificial anode material layer 13). Therefore, the flat tube 42 has a flat shape such that the brazing sheet 10 does not have a bent portion.
  • the header pipe 41 has an opening for penetrating and inserting the flat pipe 42, and the joint surface 10a and the non-joint adjacent surface 10b are provided in the opening.
  • the joint surface 10a of the header pipe 41 is shown as a surface parallel to the joint surface 10a (outer surface) of the flat pipe 42, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the joint surface 10a is parallel to the outer surface of the flat pipe 42. It may be a surface that does not become.
  • the opening of the header tube 41 has a shape having a one-step bent portion as the brazing sheet 10.
  • a fillet 22 is formed between the non-joint adjacent surface 10b adjacent to the joint surface 10a of the header pipe 41 and the non-joint adjacent surface 10b adjacent to the joint surface 10a of the flat pipe 42.
  • the epoxy coating film 14 is arranged on the surface of the fillet 22.
  • the method for producing the joint structure 20 of the brazing sheet 10 is not particularly limited, and a known brazing method or the like can be preferably used.
  • a method in which a known flux is applied to the joint surface 10a of the brazing sheet 10 and then heated in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace at a temperature of, for example, about 600 ° C. can be mentioned.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the mode when the above-mentioned plate fin laminated heat exchanger or PFC is arranged in the air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner has a box body 56, and a heat exchanger 51 and a blower fan 53 are arranged in the box body 56.
  • An epoxy-based coating film installation portion 52 on which the above-mentioned epoxy-based coating film 14 is arranged is arranged in a part of the heat exchanger 51.
  • the epoxy-based coating film installation portion 52 corresponds to the header portion of the heat exchanger 51.
  • the epoxy-based coating film installation portion 52 is provided vertically above the drainage receiver 55.
  • the condensed water generated in the heat exchanger 51 during the operation of the air conditioner is received by the drainage receiver 55 and discharged to the outside of the box body 56.
  • the air passage of the second fluid described above is indicated by a block arrow in the figure.
  • the fluid sucked by the blower fan 53 passes through the air filter 54, is heat exchanged by the heat exchanger 51, and is discharged to the outside of the box body 56.
  • the epoxy-based coating film installation portion 52 constitutes a part of the air passage, but since the air passage is partially blocked by the drainage receiver 55, the epoxy-based coating film installation portion 52 of the heat exchanger 51
  • the air volume in is smaller than the air volume in the non-installed portion of the coating film.
  • the portion where the air passage is relatively blocked is called a non-ventilation portion.
  • the epoxy-based coating film installation portion 52 is arranged inside the box body 56, ultraviolet rays from outside the box body 56 are blocked by the box body 56. Therefore, the epoxy-based coating film setting portion 52 is substantially unaffected by ultraviolet rays. As a result, the deterioration of the epoxy coating film 14 by ultraviolet rays is suppressed and the life of the epoxy coating film 14 is extended. Further, the peeled coating film or the corrosion product due to the deterioration of the epoxy-based coating film 14 is almost certainly washed away by the dew condensation water generated from the heat exchanger 51 because the epoxy-based coating film installation portion 52 is a non-ventilated portion.
  • the heat exchange can be performed by the heat exchanger 51 while avoiding the above-mentioned products and the like from scattering in the environment where the air conditioning is performed by the air conditioning device.
  • the epoxy-based epoxy-based coating material according to the present disclosure has an epoxy group at the terminal and is produced by a ring-opening reaction, and is composed of epichlorohydrin and phenol, alcohol, aldehyde, ester, amine, fatty acid and isocyanate. Refers to the reaction product with one of them (s). The molecular weight is not specified.
  • FIG. 5 shows the molecular structure of epichlorohydrin / bisphenol A type resin, which is a typical epoxy resin.
  • Epichlorohydrin / bisphenol A type resin has a highly reactive epoxy group at both ends, a rigid bisphenol nucleus as a skeleton, and a structure connected by a flexible ether group.
  • the epichlorohydrin / bisphenol A type resin has a structure in which hydroxyl groups contributing to adhesion are arranged at appropriate intervals. Therefore, it exhibits good adhesion, chemical resistance, water resistance and electrical insulation by utilizing various cross-linking reactions.
  • the base of aluminum to be painted is covered with a dense and smooth oxide film, and generally, suitable adhesion cannot be obtained without base treatment such as chromate treatment or blast treatment.
  • the epoxy-based paint has adhesiveness that can withstand the rust-preventive purpose of the heat exchanger without the base treatment for the above-mentioned reason. Therefore, the painting process can be simplified.
  • the epoxy-based paint contains a metal powder having a lower potential than aluminum in a pure water or salt water environment such as zinc oxide or zinc powder for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance.
  • a metal powder having a lower potential than aluminum in a pure water or salt water environment such as zinc oxide or zinc powder for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance.
  • lead or indium can be used instead of zinc, zinc and its alloy (for example, an alloy of aluminum and zinc) are desirable from the viewpoint of environmental protection and cost control.
  • the amount to be added is not particularly specified, but the amount to be added is set so that the sacrificial anodic action can be sufficiently obtained.
  • the particle size of the powder is not particularly specified, but it is desirable that the powder has an order of several ⁇ m or less so that the powder is uniformly dispersed as a paint.
  • the diluting solvent one having high compatibility with the above-mentioned epoxy paint components is selected.
  • Typical examples include, but are not limited to, ethylbenzene, xylene, toluene, methylethylketone and the like. Since the viscosity of the coating material changes depending on the dilution ratio, and as a result, the thickness of the coating film after coating changes, the amount of the diluting solvent is adjusted so as to obtain the desired coating film thickness.
  • a component that improves the durability of the epoxy-based paint for example, various weather-resistant agents for compensating for the fragile weather resistance (ultraviolet ray resistance) that is a drawback of the epoxy-based paint may be added.
  • these weather resistant agents may not be added.
  • the film thickness of the epoxy-based coating film is thin, the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated, but the sacrificial anode action acts only for a short period of time because the abundance of metal particles in the coating film is small. Further, it is not possible to effectively suppress the permeation of oxygen, water and the like through the coating film, and the coating film is peeled off due to corrosion under the coating film. Therefore, the effect of improving the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger cannot be sufficiently obtained.
  • the thickness of the coating film is 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, it exhibits a sufficient environmental blocking effect against oxygen, water, etc., a sacrificial anode action, and an early coating. It was clarified that the film peeling can be suppressed. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of the heat exchanger can be effectively improved.
  • Comparative Example 1 As the coating film according to Comparative Example 1, an epichlorohydrin / bisphenol A type coating film containing zinc powder was arranged on a brazing sheet with a film thickness of 80 ⁇ m.
  • Comparative Example 2 As the coating film according to Comparative Example 2, an epichlorohydrin / bisphenol A type coating film containing zinc powder was arranged on a brazing sheet with a film thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
  • Example 1 As the coating film according to Example 1, an epichlorohydrin / bisphenol A type coating film containing zinc powder was arranged on a brazing sheet with a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
  • Example 2 As the coating film according to Example 2, an epichlorohydrin / bisphenol A type coating film containing zinc powder was arranged in a fillet portion of a heat exchanger composed of a brazing sheet with a film thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
  • Example and Comparative Example 1 As is clear from the comparison of FIGS. 6A to 6D and 7A, 7B, and 7C, if the coating film is sufficiently thick (Example and Comparative Example 1), the sacrificial anticorrosion function effectively and the coating film is coated. Corrosion does not occur under the coating film, but if the thickness of the coating film is sufficiently thin (Comparative Example 2), corrosion under the coating film occurs due to insufficient blocking of water, oxygen, and the like.
  • Example 1 if the thickness of the coating film is sufficiently thick (Comparative Example 1), stress is generated inside the coating film and at the interface between the coating film and the substrate. As a result, the coating film is easily peeled off. However, if the thickness of the coating film is sufficiently thin (Example and Comparative Example 2), the adhesion of the coating film is ensured.
  • the adhesion of Example 1 and Comparative Example is plotted with the horizontal axis representing the thickness of the coating film and the vertical axis representing the adhesion.
  • the number of remaining coating films in the above-mentioned 100-square grid test is defined as the adhesion and plotted.
  • the thickness of the coating film (epoxy film) in the range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m is the most suitable condition for ensuring the corrosion resistance of the coating film.
  • the present disclosure can be widely and suitably used in the field of aluminum heat exchangers for air conditioners and the like.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des feuilles de brasage (10) qui : comportent chacune un matériau de noyau en alliage d'aluminium (11), une couche de matériau de brasage (12), et une couche de matériau d'anode sacrificielle (13) qui contient du zinc ; et ont des surfaces de liaison (10a) qui constituent une section liée (21) et des surfaces adjacentes sans liaison (10b) qui sont adjacentes aux surfaces de liaison (10a). Une bande de métal (22) est formée au niveau d'un site qui se trouve entre les surfaces adjacentes sans liaison (10b) et adjacente aux surfaces de liaison (10a), et un film de revêtement à base d'époxy (14), ayant une épaisseur de 10 à 50 µm, est disposé sur les surfaces de liaison (10a) et la bande de métal (22).
PCT/JP2020/038072 2019-10-15 2020-10-08 Échangeur de chaleur et dispositif de climatisation le comprenant WO2021075335A1 (fr)

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