WO2021068557A1 - 旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机 - Google Patents

旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021068557A1
WO2021068557A1 PCT/CN2020/097892 CN2020097892W WO2021068557A1 WO 2021068557 A1 WO2021068557 A1 WO 2021068557A1 CN 2020097892 W CN2020097892 W CN 2020097892W WO 2021068557 A1 WO2021068557 A1 WO 2021068557A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power head
rotary drilling
drilling rig
output member
drill rod
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PCT/CN2020/097892
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王云根
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王云根
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Application filed by 王云根 filed Critical 王云根
Publication of WO2021068557A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021068557A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
    • E21B12/06—Mechanical cleaning devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of machinery, in particular to the structural field of a rotary drilling rig, in particular to a rotary drilling rig power head and a corresponding rotary drilling rig.
  • Figure 1-1 is an existing example in an embodiment.
  • the external structure diagram of the power head of the rotary drilling rig in the technology which draws a three-drive rotary drilling rig power head.
  • the power head is mainly composed of a transmission body 1, three sets of motors and planetary reducers 2, a buffer component 3, and a pressure plate assembly. It is composed of 4, connecting plate 5, pressurizing pulley group 6, sliding frame 7, pressure plate 8 and guardrail 9.
  • Figure 1-2 shows part of the structure of the power head of the rotary drilling rig in Figure 1
  • Figure 1-2 shows the transmission body 1, the motor and the planetary reducer 2, the cushioning part 3, the pressure plate 8, and the gear shaft 11 (which is the input member) for power transmission, and the outer ring gear 12 (It is an output member), a schematic cross-sectional view of the components such as the driving wheel body 13 and the driving key sleeve 14.
  • the motor and the planetary reducer 2 transmit power to the input member of the power head——
  • the gear shaft 11 drives the inner output member—the outer gear ring 12 drives the driving wheel body 13 and the key sleeve 14 to make a one-way rotation together.
  • the movement mode can be seen in Figures 1-3 and Figures 1-3.
  • the three gear shafts 11 and the outer ring gear 12 are marked with arrows on their respective directions of movement (the dotted line in the figure is the center line, and the section with the section line represents the power head box of the transmission body 1
  • the transmission body in the prior art includes a gear shaft and an outer gear ring).
  • Figure 2-2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary drilling rig with the power head of the rotary drilling rig shown in Figure 2-1 when drilling without a protective tube in the prior art
  • Figure 2-3 is a schematic diagram of the prior art with Figure 2-1
  • the protection cylinder under the power head in Figure 2-3 is connected with the protection cylinder driver on the power head.
  • the manipulator first connects the protective tube with the driver, screw the protective tube into the ground to the corresponding depth through the rotation of the power head, then releases the connection, and re-installs the drill tool on the drill pipe to achieve the drilling and soil extraction operation in the protective tube.
  • this kind of power head has only one output (that is, the outer gear ring 12), so it can only drive one component at a time: when the drill pipe is driven, the protective tube is disengaged, and the drill pipe drives the drill to drill into and collect soil; or unload the drill and connect it. At this time, the protective tube is driven by the power head to be screwed into the ground. In actual operation, the protective tube alternates in turns, so the efficiency is low.
  • a dual-power-head rotary drilling rig which is equipped with dual-power heads (hydraulic motors or mobile chassis) on existing rotary drilling rigs or pile frames (with crawler walking chassis or walking mobile chassis). Motor drive).
  • Typical dual-power head rotary drilling rigs include:
  • the structure of the S100 rotary drilling rig from Soilmec, Italy, can be seen in Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2. It weighs 165 tons and has a maximum height of 33.9 meters. It is equipped with DEUTZ TCD2017 V08 engine: 480kW@1900r/min, sold The price is more than RMB 16 million.
  • the diameter of the borehole when the CCFA construction method is adopted with the long spiral CCFA construction method with a protective tube is: ⁇ 600-1400, the maximum hole depth is only 30 meters, and the driving torque of the protective tube is 300kNm@5r/min@21m deep.
  • a domestic SWSD3618 powerful multifunctional drilling rig its structure can be seen in Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2, its structure is similar to the S100 rotary drilling rig, the weight of the whole machine is about 170 tons in working condition, and it is equipped with two QSB6.7-C260 Engine: 2 ⁇ 194kW@2200r/min, protective cylinder driving torque 360kNm@3-9.7r/min, column height 21-36 meters, sales price is about 8.3 million yuan.
  • the two dual-power rotary drilling rigs mentioned above include the following features:
  • the upper and lower sets of power heads respectively drive the protective cylinder and the middle drilling tool such as a long spiral and rotate in opposite directions.
  • the spiral drive for the middle drilling and soil extraction must be topped (the depth of the hole is its top height ), not only the center of gravity of the whole equipment is very high, once the site preparation is not in place, the foundation is unstable or the operation is improper, etc., it is very easy to cause the whole machine to collapse and roll over and cause major safety accidents, and the drilling depth depends entirely on the mast or pile of the drilling rig.
  • the height of the frame is poor in applicability.
  • the power head of the rotary drilling rig in the prior art cannot meet the new work requirements of the rotary drilling rig in the current pile foundation construction, and the cost is relatively high, the construction efficiency is low, the versatility is poor, and the adaptability is poor.
  • the present invention provides a rotary drilling rig power head and a corresponding rotary drilling rig that can meet the requirements of the lower casing, has superior performance, and is low in cost.
  • the power head of the rotary drilling rig and the corresponding rotary drilling rig of the present invention have the following constitutions:
  • the power head of the rotary drilling rig includes a drive module, a drill rod and a protective cylinder driver.
  • the main feature is that the power head also includes an input member, a first output member, and a second output member;
  • the drive module is respectively connected with the first output member and the second output member through the input member;
  • the first output member is connected with the drill rod
  • the second output member is connected with the protective tube driver.
  • the drive module is composed of at least one set of motor and reducer components, and the input member includes gear shafts matching the number of the motor and reducer components;
  • the first output member is an outer gear ring, and the second output member is an inner gear ring;
  • the inner gear ring is arranged on the outer side of the outer gear ring, the gear shaft is arranged between the inner gear ring and the outer gear ring, and the teeth of the gear shaft are respectively connected to the The teeth of the outer ring gear and the teeth of the inner ring gear are in contact.
  • each group of the motor and reducer assembly includes a motor and a reducer, and the motor is connected to the input member through the reducer, wherein the motor is a hydraulic motor,
  • the speed reducer is a planetary speed reducer.
  • the input member is arranged between the first output member and the second output member, and the movement direction of the first output member is opposite to the movement direction of the second output member.
  • the first output member is connected to the drill rod through a drill rod drive key
  • the second output member is connected with the protective tube through the protective tube driver.
  • the power head further includes an upper key sleeve and a lower key sleeve, the upper key sleeve and the lower key sleeve are arranged between the first output member and the drill rod driving key, and The upper key sleeve is located above the lower key sleeve.
  • the power head further includes a first upper support member and a first lower support member, and the first upper support member is arranged at a position close to the connection between the first output member and the upper key sleeve , The first lower supporting member is arranged at a position close to the connection between the first output member and the lower key sleeve.
  • the power head further includes a buffer component, and the buffer component is arranged on the outside of the drill rod and located above the upper key sleeve.
  • an anti-friction pad is also provided on the upper side of the buffer member.
  • the side of the second output member adjacent to the input member is provided with a second lower support member, and the side of the second output member that is not adjacent to the input member is provided with a second lower support member.
  • the upper side of the first output member is further provided with a first sealing member
  • the lower side of the second output member is further provided with a second sealing member
  • the first sealing component includes a shield and a mud cleaning scraper member, an outer mudguard, an inner mudguard, an oil seal, a sealing ring, a grease nipple, and an oil injection channel member;
  • the sealing ring is arranged on the outside of the first output member, and the oil seal is arranged on the outside of the sealing ring;
  • the outer fender and the inner fender are alternately arranged on the outside of the first output member, and are located obliquely above the oil seal, and the outer fender is provided with a through Hole, the grease nipple and the oil injection channel member pass through the through hole and extend to the upper side of the oil seal;
  • the protective cover and the cleaning scraper member are located on the upper side of the first output member and cover the outer side of the outer mudguard.
  • the power head further includes a power head box, and the input member, the first output member and the second output member are all arranged inside the power head box.
  • the power head further includes a pressure plate assembly, a sliding frame, a connecting plate, a guardrail, a pressure pulley block and a pressure plate;
  • the drive module is located above the power head box, the pressure plate and the protective tube driver are located below the power head box, and the drill rod penetrates the power head box and the protective tube Drive and pressure plate;
  • the power head box is installed on the pressure plate assembly through the connecting plate, and the carriage and the pressurizing pulley set are also provided on the pressure plate assembly; the connecting plate is also With a guardrail.
  • the main feature of the rotary drilling rig is that the rotary drilling rig includes the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig power head.
  • the power head of the rotary drilling rig is equipped with a drive module, a drill rod, a protective cylinder driver, an input member, a first output member and a second output member, and the drive module can transmit power to the power through the input member.
  • the first output member transmits power to the drill rod to control its operation
  • the second output member transmits the power to the protective cylinder driver to drive the protective cylinder to work, including
  • the rotary drilling rig with the power head of the rotary drilling rig can simultaneously control the work of the drill pipe and the protective tube through a power drive source, and because the movement directions of the first output member and the second output member are opposite, the force can be better achieved balance.
  • the power head of the rotary drilling rig and the corresponding rotary drilling rig can effectively improve the digging efficiency, and have stable performance, long service life, low cost and good adaptability.
  • Figure 1-1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the power head of the rotary drilling rig in the prior art in an embodiment.
  • Figure 1-2 is a cross-sectional view of part of the structure in the power head of the rotary drilling rig in Figure 1-1.
  • Figure 1-3 is the motion analysis diagram of the power head of the rotary drilling rig in Figure 1-1.
  • Figure 2-1 is a cross-sectional view of the power head of a rotary drilling rig with a protective tube in the prior art.
  • Figure 2-2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary drilling rig with the power head of the rotary drilling rig shown in Figure 2-1 when drilling without a protective barrel in the prior art.
  • Fig. 2-3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary drilling rig with the power head of the rotary drilling rig in Fig. 2-1 during the follow-up drilling of the protective cylinder in the prior art.
  • Figure 3-1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Soilmec's S100 rotary drilling rig.
  • Figure 3-2 is a top view of the rotary drilling rig in Figure 3-1.
  • Figure 4-1 is a schematic diagram of a domestic SWSD3618 powerful multifunctional drilling rig.
  • Figure 4-2 is the left side view of the powerful multifunctional drilling rig in Figure 4-1.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention in an embodiment.
  • Figure 7-1 is a motion analysis diagram of the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention with an input member in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 7-2 is a motion analysis diagram of the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention with two input components in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 7-3 is a motion analysis diagram of the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention with three input components in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 7-4 is a motion analysis diagram of the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention with four input components in an embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which the first sealing component is provided in the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment in which the second sealing component is provided in the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention.
  • the present invention discloses a power head of a rotary drilling rig and a corresponding rotary drilling rig.
  • the structure of the power head of the rotary drilling rig can be referred to as shown in Figs.
  • the drive module is respectively connected with the first output member and the second output member through the input member;
  • the first output member is connected with the drill rod 10;
  • the second output member is connected to the protective tube driver 15.
  • the drive module is composed of at least one set of motor and reducer components, and the input member includes gear shafts 11 matching the number of the motor and reducer components;
  • the first output member is the outer ring gear 12, and the second output member is the inner ring gear 16;
  • the inner gear ring 16 is arranged on the outer side of the outer gear ring 12, the gear shaft 11 is arranged between the inner gear ring 16 and the outer gear ring 12, and the gear shaft 11 The teeth are in contact with the teeth of the outer ring gear 12 and the teeth of the inner ring gear 16 respectively.
  • the number of gear shafts 11 can be selected according to the parameter specifications of the rotary drilling rig. The larger the specification, the larger the number of input components. It can be one, two, three, four or more to meet more applications. If necessary, the working principles are similar.
  • the distribution mode of the gear shaft 11 please refer to Figures 7-1 to 7-4 (the center line is drawn in the figure, and the lines with arrows are used to indicate the gear shaft 11 and inner The effect of the relative movement direction of the ring gear 16 and the outer ring gear 12).
  • the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention adds an outer output member—the inner gear ring 16 to achieve an increase of a reverse output, that is, the movement direction of each gear shaft 11 is the same,
  • the ring gear 16 and the outer ring gear 12 move in opposite directions under the drive of the gear shaft 11.
  • each group of the motor and reducer assembly includes a motor and a reducer, and the motor is connected to the input member through the reducer, wherein the motor is hydraulic Motor, the reducer is a planetary reducer, that is, the motor and reducer assembly includes a motor and a planetary reducer 2.
  • the input member is provided between the first output member and the second output member, and the movement direction of the first output member is opposite to the movement direction of the second output member .
  • the first output member is connected to the drill rod through the drill rod drive key 143;
  • the second output member is connected to the protective tube 151 through the protective tube driver 15.
  • the movement mode of the power head of the rotary drilling rig is as follows:
  • the motor and reducer assembly provide power to the corresponding pinion 11 to rotate the pinion 11, driven by the pinion 11, the outer ring gear 12 and the inner ring gear 16 rotate in opposite directions to output kinetic energy.
  • the outer ring gear 12 The drill rod driving key 143 is driven to drive the drill rod to move, so that the drilling tool can realize the drilling function.
  • the inner gear ring 16 drives the protective cylinder driver 15 to screw the protective cylinder 151 into the ground.
  • Such a composite power head completes the function originally realized by the combination of two power heads.
  • the power head further includes an upper key sleeve 141 and a lower key sleeve 142.
  • the upper key sleeve 141 and the lower key sleeve 142 are provided on the first output member and the drill rod. Between the driving keys 143, and the upper key sleeve 141 is located above the lower key sleeve 142.
  • the power head further includes a first upper support member 121 and a first lower support member 122, and the first upper support member 121 is located close to the first output member and the Where the upper key sleeve 141 is connected, the first lower supporting member 122 is arranged close to the position where the first output member is connected with the lower key sleeve 142.
  • the arrangement of the upper key sleeve 141, the lower key sleeve 142, the first upper supporting member 121 and the first lower supporting member 122 can make the structure of the power head more stable.
  • the power is driven by the motor and the reducer.
  • the component drives the power head output member-gear shaft 11, and then drives the upper key sleeve 141 and the lower key sleeve 142 fixed with the inner output member-outer gear 12, thereby driving the drill rod and then the drill tool to achieve drilling and soil extraction .
  • the output upper key sleeve 141 and the lower key sleeve 142 are composed of two sets of the first upper supporting member 121 and the second lower supporting member 162 installed up and down to ensure their rotation accuracy and axial load bearing capacity.
  • the components that constitute the first upper support member 121 and the second lower support member 162 can be selected according to the actual situation (that is, the first upper support member 121 and the second lower support member 162 can be constituted by a slewing bearing or a bearing ring).
  • the supporting member 121 and the second lower supporting member 162 play the role of supporting and restraining the direction of rotation.
  • the specifications and models of the selected components can be selected by referring to the following selection methods, and the following supporting forms can be adopted according to the specifications of the rotary drilling rig:
  • the first upper support member 121 can be composed of a deep groove ball bearing
  • the first lower support member 122 can be a single-row cross-roller slewing bearing or It consists of double-row ball slewing bearings. Due to the small size of the rig, a set of three-row roller slewing bearings can also be used.
  • the first upper supporting member 121 can be composed of double-row ball or double-row cross roller slewing bearings, and the first lower supporting member 122 can be composed of single-row deep groove ball bearings.
  • the first upper supporting member 121 can be composed of three-row cylindrical slewing bearings, and the first lower supporting member 122 can be composed of single-row deep groove ball bearings or double-row ball slewing bearings.
  • the power head with the above structure has greatly improved the axial load-bearing capacity than before. In addition to meeting the construction requirements of heavy-duty conditions, it is faced with the downward impact load caused by the machine-locked drill pipe that is often accidentally dropped or smashed. Except for the cushioning component 3 combined with the upper key sleeve 141 to absorb most of the energy, the impact resistance of the power head is greatly improved.
  • the power head adds a set of upper key sleeve 141. It can be seen that the length of the driving key of the power head is doubled or more than the original (currently only half or half of similar products Shorter), which not only greatly reduces the contact stress between the power head drill rod driving key 143 and the drill rod key, greatly prolongs the service life of the equipment, but also greatly increases the guiding accuracy of the power head to the drill rod, which effectively reduces
  • the risk of oblique holes during construction is of special significance, especially for large-diameter deep holes over 100 meters.
  • the power head further includes a buffer component 3 which is arranged on the outside of the drill rod and above the upper key sleeve 141.
  • the upper side of the buffer member 3 is also provided with an anti-friction pad 31, through which the anti-friction pad 31 releases harmful internal forces and reduces the friction between the drill rod and the power head buffer.
  • the weight of about tens of tons is pressed on the power head buffer component 3.
  • the drill rod itself produces torsional elastic deformation due to torque transmission.
  • the elastic deformation energy stored in the drill rod will generate additional frictional torque on the contact surface between the drill rod and the power head.
  • the friction torque will be released instantly at the end of drilling, and the harder the formation, the longer the drilling time, the greater the accumulated friction torque, which will generate additional friction torque to the buffer component 3 that can only bear axial load and cause early failure Therefore, adding the anti-friction pad 31 can release the friction torque at any time, thereby effectively protecting the buffer component 3 or greatly extending its service life.
  • the side of the second output member adjacent to the input member is provided with a second lower support member 162, and the second output member is not adjacent to the input member.
  • a second upper supporting member 161 is provided on one side, and the second upper supporting member 161 is located above the second lower supporting member 162.
  • the second upper support member 161 and the second lower support member 162 are the same as the first upper support member 121 and the first lower support member 122. They can also be constituted by a slewing bearing or a bearing ring gear according to the actual situation.
  • For the selection method please refer to the following Choose from the selection method:
  • the second upper support member 161 and the second lower support member 162 are distributed in parallel on the inner and outer sides of the outer output member-the inner ring gear 16. All three-row column structures are used for specifications above 360, and the rest are double-row cross rollers or ball structures.
  • the bearing composition is designed into two groups: The second upper support member 161 and the second lower support member 162 are distributed in parallel on the inner and outer sides of the outer output member-the inner ring gear 16. All three-row column structures are used for specifications above 360, and the rest are double-row cross rollers or ball structures.
  • first sealing component 123 and the second sealing component 163 By arranging the first sealing component 123 and the second sealing component 163, the inside of the power head box in the power head of the rotary drilling rig can be kept in a relatively closed, dust-proof, and pollution-proof way, and a good lubrication can be guaranteed for a long time. , Clean state.
  • a first sealing component 123 is provided on the upper side of the first output member, and underneath the second output member
  • a second sealing member 163 is provided on the side.
  • the first sealing component 123 includes a shield and a cleaning scraper member 1231, an outer mudguard 1233, an inner mudguard 1234, an oil seal 1235, a sealing ring 1236, a grease nipple, and an oil injection channel member 1232;
  • the seal ring 1236 is provided on the outer side of the first output member, and the oil seal 1235 is provided on the outer side of the seal ring 1236;
  • the outer fender 1233 and the inner fender 1234 are alternately arranged on the outer side of the first output member, and are located obliquely above the oil seal 1235.
  • the outer fender 1233 A through hole is provided on the upper part, and the grease nipple and the oil injection channel member 1232 pass through the through hole and extend to the upper side of the oil seal 1235;
  • the protective cover and the cleaning scraper member 1231 are located on the upper side of the first output member and cover the outer side of the outer mudguard 1233. As can be seen in conjunction with FIG. 5, in this embodiment Among them, the shield and the cleaning scraper member 1231 are provided above the power head box 21 on the upper side of the first output member.
  • the power head is the most important actuator of the rotary drilling rig. It operates continuously in the open air environment of wind, sand and mud water. Therefore, sealing is extremely important. Therefore, the first sealing part 123 and the second sealing part 163 are used in the above embodiment. seal.
  • the first sealing component 123 includes a shield and a cleaning scraper member 1231, an outer mudguard 1233, an inner mudguard 1234, an oil seal 1235, a sealing ring 1236, a grease nipple and an oil injection channel member 1232;
  • the power head consists of a shield And the mud-cleaning scraper member 1231 implement dynamic cleaning, and the isolation area is formed by the staggered outer mudguard 1233 and inner mudguard 1234, in which the radial clearance of the outer mudguard 1233 and the inner mudguard 1234 is controlled at 1mm Within, the axial height is above 150mm.
  • the internal space is filled with grease regularly through the grease nipple and the oil injection channel member 1232 to ensure lubrication and prevent the intrusion of sand from the outside.
  • the sealing ring 1236 is in contact with the oil seal 1235 to achieve the sealing requirements, which can greatly simplify For future after-sales service and to reduce maintenance costs, the structure of the first sealing component 123 provided in the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention can be seen in FIG. 8.
  • the power head of the present invention has a different structure from the power head in the prior art, there are multiple transmission members with relative motion, and the sealing requirement is higher than that of the power head in the prior art. Therefore, it needs to be sealed.
  • the part of the power head is also different from the part that needs to be sealed in the power head in the prior art.
  • the outer ring gear 16 belongs to the output transmission component that needs to be sealed inside and outside, that is, the inner and outer sides must be reliably sealed, so there are three positions that need to be sealed. Simultaneous sealing.
  • a second sealing component 163 is used to seal it.
  • the second sealing component 163 includes: a first outer shaft sealing member 1631, a first outer hole sealing member 1632, a second outer hole sealing member 1633 , The outer hole sealing seat 1634, the second outer shaft sealing member 1635 and the third outer shaft sealing member 1636;
  • the first outer shaft sealing member 1631 and the third outer shaft sealing member 1636 may be constituted by a skeleton oil seal
  • the second outer shaft sealing member 1635 may be constituted by an O-ring seal
  • the first outer hole sealing member 1632 and the second outer hole sealing member 1633 is arranged on the outer hole sealing seat 1634
  • the first outer hole sealing member 1632 is located on the upper side of the second outer hole sealing member 1633.
  • the first outer hole sealing member 1632 is mainly used to prevent wear impurities from entering the sealing area.
  • the hole sealing member 1633 has two radial seals, which can be automatically compensated, and the pressure resistance is 5MPa.
  • first outer hole sealing member 1632 and the second outer hole sealing member 1633 are different from conventional hole sealing, and the pre-tightening force required for the inner hole sealing surface is just the opposite, so an axial pre-tightening force is used
  • the combined use of the first outer hole sealing member 1632 and the second outer hole sealing member 1633 with radial pretensioning force ensures the safety and reliability of the inner hole sealing, while the second outer shaft sealing member 1635 and the third outer shaft sealing member 1636 realize the internal
  • the inner and outer seals of the output member of the ring gear 16 are shown in FIG. 9 for the structure of the second sealing component 163 provided in the power head of the rotary drilling rig of the present invention.
  • the power head further includes a power head box 21, and the input member (pinion), the first output member (outer ring gear) and the second output member (inner ring gear) are all provided
  • the structure of the inside of the power head box 21 can be referred to as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the power head also includes a pressure plate assembly 4, a sliding frame 7, a connecting plate 5, a guardrail 9, a pressure pulley group 6 and a pressure plate 8;
  • the drive module is located above the power head box, the pressure plate 8 and the protective cylinder driver are located below the power head box, and the drill rod penetrates the power head box and the protective tube.
  • the power head box is installed on the pressure plate assembly 4 through the connecting plate 5, and the carriage 7 and the pressurizing pulley group 6 are also provided on the pressure plate assembly 4;
  • the connecting plate 5 is also provided with a guardrail 9, the specific structure of which can be referred to as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the sliding frame 7 (ie the guiding sliding frame), the power head box 21, the pressure plate assembly 4 and other components are the frame structure of the power head, which is used for installation and connection with the corresponding mast rail of the rotary drilling rig.
  • the protective cylinder driver is installed on the internal gear outside the power head, and can be used for normal rotary drilling operations while lowering the protective cylinder, which greatly improves the construction efficiency and safety (malignant emergencies such as collapsed holes, buried drills, etc.).
  • the length of the tube can be unrestricted (according to the pile depth to connect the corresponding length of the protective tube), especially in the deep layer when encountering harsh geological conditions such as caves, it can be easily solved! Otherwise, the use of a full set of tube drilling rigs will not only require huge equipment investment, but also large construction and operation costs, long construction periods, and low efficiency.
  • the two outputs are opposite, most of the torque is internally balanced, and the overall The mechanical force structure is particularly advantageous.
  • a rotary drilling rig includes the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig power head.
  • the rotary drilling rig using the power head of the rotary drilling rig in the above embodiment will play a revolutionary role in promoting the function improvement of rotary drilling products. It has very superior performance.
  • the specific advantages are as follows:
  • Dry and thin oil lubrication and sealing adopt multiple protections, greatly improving reliability, simple after-sales service, and longer service life of the power head;
  • the lower protective cylinder is synchronized with the rotary drilling, and can be followed up with a long enough protective cylinder without any restrictions (conventional lower protective cylinder cannot be done): While protecting the environment, it eliminates environmentally polluting pulping equipment and saves Deal with harmful mud costs during construction, and secondly have quantitative control basis for pile construction quality (especially deep pile verticality, pile diameter error), concrete control, and provide accurate calculation basis for construction party and project inspector , It is in line with the national environmental protection and energy conservation development requirements.
  • the existing series of rotary drilling rigs can be equipped with this series of two-way composite multi-function power heads, which can improve the performance of the equipment and expand the functions of the existing rotary drilling rigs.
  • the two-way composite multifunctional power head has originality, meets the national environmental protection and energy saving requirements, and has very large social and economic benefits.
  • the power head of the rotary drilling rig is equipped with a drive module, a drill rod, a protective cylinder driver, an input member, a first output member and a second output member, and the drive module can transmit power to the power through the input member.
  • the first output member transmits power to the drill rod to control its operation
  • the second output member transmits the power to the protective cylinder driver to drive the protective cylinder to work, including
  • the rotary drilling rig with the power head of the rotary drilling rig can simultaneously control the work of the drill pipe and the protective tube through a power drive source, and because the movement directions of the first output member and the second output member are opposite, the force can be better achieved balance.
  • the power head of the rotary drilling rig and the corresponding rotary drilling rig can effectively improve the digging efficiency, and have stable performance, long service life, low cost and good adaptability.

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Abstract

一种旋挖钻机动力头，设有驱动模块、钻杆（10）、护筒驱动器（15）、输入构件、第一输出构件及第二输出构件，该驱动模块可通过输入构件将动力分别传递给该第一输出构件及第二输出构件，该第一输出构件将动力传递给钻杆（10），控制其工作，该第二输出构件将动力传递给护筒驱动器（15），从而带动护筒（151）工作；另外包括该旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机被公开，其可通过一个动力驱动源就可同时控制钻杆（10）及护筒（151）工作，且由于第一输出构件和第二输出构件的运动方向相反，可以更好地达到力的平衡。采用该旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机可有效提高挖掘效率，且性能稳定，使用寿命长，成本较低，适应性好。

Description

旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张2019年10月12日提交的申请号为201910966575.1的中国发明专利申请的优先权，其内容通过引用的方式并入本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及机械领域，尤其涉及旋挖钻机结构领域，具体是指一种旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机。
背景技术
国家青藏铁路建设开启了旋挖钻机国产化的序幕，并随着国家高铁建设的快速推进，我们有幸参与和见证了旋挖钻机在中国得到了迅速发展的历程，短短十多年时间，在旋挖钻机设备生产领域，中国已经成为全世界规格最全、产量最大的国家，目前已经进入个性化的细分创新阶段。
为了便于说明旋挖钻机动力头的工作原理，下面结合图1-1，列举一个最基本的旋挖钻机动力头的结构，并对其工作进行说明，图1-1为一实施例中现有技术中旋挖钻机动力头的外部结构示意图，其绘制了一种三驱动的旋挖钻机动力头，该动力头主要由传动本体1、三组马达及行星减速器2、缓冲部件3、压板总成4、连接板5、加压滑轮组6、滑架7、压盘8及护栏9组成。为了更好地对该旋挖钻机动力头的工作原理进行说明，下面结合图1-2及图1-3对其进行说明，图1-2为图1中的旋挖钻机动力头中部分结构的剖面图，图1-2中绘制了传动本体1、马达及行星减速器2、缓冲部件3、压盘8以及用于进行动力传递的齿轴11(其为输入构件)、外齿圈12(其为输出构件)、驱动轮体13及驱动键套14等部件的剖面示意图，该旋挖钻机动力头正常运转时，由马达及行星减速器2将动力传递给动力头的输入构件——齿轴11，由此驱动内侧的输出构件——外齿圈12带动驱动轮体13及键套14一起做单向旋转运动，其运动方式可参阅图1-3所示，图1-3中分别在三个齿轴11及外齿圈12上通过带箭头的线条标明了其各自对应的运动方向(图中的虚线为中心线，带有剖面线的部分表示传动本体1的动力头箱体部分，现有技术中的传动本体内包括齿轴及外齿圈)，从图1-3中可看出，三个齿轴11的旋转方向相同，外齿圈12与齿轴11的运动方向相反，外齿圈12在齿轴11的带动下旋转。
上述旋挖钻机动力头虽然可以用于进行旋挖，但在实际使用过程中，由于桩基础工程面对的地质条件千差万别，其并不能满足所有的挖掘需要，在一些特定的地质条件下，过去需要采用泥浆护壁工艺配合挖掘工作的执行，但这种泥浆护壁会给带来较大的污染，因此，在欧美发达国家已全面禁止了这种泥浆护壁工艺，而我国随着国家贯彻环保力度的不断加大，也将将这种泥浆护壁工艺废除，取而代之的是采用护筒套管施工工艺配合挖掘工作，而目前为配合旋挖钻机施工，当泥浆护壁无法保证正常施工、或碰到砾石、回填土、甚至溶洞等地质工况时，直接利用旋挖动力头下护筒被认为最有效和最经济的施工方法。现有技术中在旋挖钻机动力头下端增加护筒驱动器15接口，其具体结构可参阅图2-1所示(图2-1仅为说明现有技术中带护筒的旋挖钻机动力头与不带护筒的旋挖钻机动力头的区别，因此，图中并未 绘制出动力头所有的结构，仅绘制了关键的部件结构)，从图2中可以看出现有技术中的这种旋挖钻机动力头与传统的旋挖钻机动力头相比多了一个护筒驱动器15接口。图2-2为现有技术中带图2-1中的旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机无护筒钻进时的结构示意图，图2-3为现有技术中带图2-1中的旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机跟进护筒钻进时的结构示意图，图2-3中的动力头下面的即为护筒，其与动力头上的护筒驱动器联接。其施工使用过程如下：
操作机手先将护筒与驱动器联接，通过动力头旋转将护筒拧入地下至相应深度，然后解除该联接，重新在钻杆上安装钻具在护筒内实现钻进取土作业。
然而受旋挖钻机本身技术参数的限制及护筒内外二侧及端面的巨大摩擦阻力，这种下护筒的方式很有限，因此下的护筒深度较浅，一般都要借用其它设备如搓管机(施工效率很低)、振动锤(设备投入增加很大)等方法。
且这种动力头只有一个输出(即外齿圈12)，因此一次只能驱动一个构件：驱动钻杆时护筒脱开，钻杆带动钻具钻进取土；或卸下钻具，联上护筒这时动力头驱动护筒拧入地下，实际操作中是轮流交替，故效率低。
为了提高下护筒施工效率，出现了一种双动力头旋挖钻机，其在现有的旋挖钻机或者桩架(配履带行走底盘或步履式移动底盘)上配置双动力头(液压马达或电动机驱动)。
典型的双动力头旋挖钻机有：
意大利Soilmec公司的S100旋挖钻机，其结构可参阅图3-1及图3-2所示，其重量达165吨，最大高度达33.9米，配DEUTZ TCD2017 V08发动机：480kW@1900r/min，销售价格人民币1600万元以上，其中采用带护筒长螺旋CCFA工法施工时钻孔直径：￠600-1400，最大孔深只有30米，驱动护筒转矩300kNm@5r/min@21米深。
国内的一款SWSD3618强力多功能钻机，其结构可参阅图4-1及图4-2，其结构与S100旋挖钻机近似，工作状态整机重量约170吨，配置二台QSB6.7-C260发动机：2×194kW@2200r/min，护筒驱动转矩360kNm@3-9.7r/min，立柱高度21-36米，销售价格人民币约830万元。
上面提到的两种双动力头旋挖钻机包括以下特点：
(1)上下二套动力头分别驱动护筒和中间钻进取土钻具如长螺旋并作相反方向旋转运动，其中中间钻进取土的螺旋驱动必须顶置(所打孔深即是其置顶高度)，整台设备不仅重心很高，一旦发生由于场地准备不到位或地基不稳或操作不当等，极易发生整机倒塌翻车引发重大安全事故，而且所打孔深完全取决于钻机桅杆或桩架的高度，适用性很差。
(2)设备投资大、通用性差、桩径和桩深限制很大(仅仅在普通长螺旋钻机上延伸了非常有限的功能)，对比一下：相似规格普通长螺旋钻机价格仅仅人民币70万元左右，另外运行成本、物流运输、操作要求，0适用性等都相差悬殊，因此也大大限制了该产品的推广应用。
综上所述，现有技术中的旋挖钻机动力头无法满足目前桩基础施工对旋挖钻机提出的新工作需求，且成本较高，施工效率低下、通用性差，适应性较差。
发明内容
本发明为了克服至少一个上述现有技术的缺点，提供了一种能够满足下护筒需求、性能优越，且成本较低的旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机具有如下构成：
该旋挖钻机动力头，包括驱动模块、钻杆及护筒驱动器，其主要特点是，所述的动力头 还包括输入构件、第一输出构件及第二输出构件；
所述的驱动模块通过所述的输入构件分别与所述的第一输出构件及第二输出构件相连接；
所述的第一输出构件与所述的钻杆相连接；
所述的第二输出构件与所述的护筒驱动器相连接。
较佳地，所述的驱动模块由至少一组马达及减速器组件构成，所述的输入构件包括与所述的马达及减速器组件数量匹配的齿轴；
所述的第一输出构件为外齿圈，所述的第二输出构件为内齿圈；
所述的内齿圈设于所述的外齿圈的外侧，所述的齿轴设于所述的内齿圈及外齿圈之间，且所述的齿轴的齿分别与所述的外齿圈的齿及内齿圈的齿相接触。
更佳地，每组所述的马达及减速器组件均包括马达及减速器，所述的马达通过所述的减速器与所述的输入构件相连接，其中，所述的马达为液压马达，所述的减速器为行星减速器。
较佳地，所述的输入构件设于所述的第一输出构件及第二输出构件之间，所述的第一输出构件的运动方向与所述的第二输出构件的运动方向相反。
较佳地，所述的第一输出构件通过钻杆驱动键与所述的钻杆相连接；
所述的第二输出构件通过所述的护筒驱动器与所述的护筒相连接。
更佳地，所述的动力头还包括上键套和下键套，所述的上键套和下键套设于所述的第一输出构件与所述的钻杆驱动键之间，且所述的上键套位于所述的下键套上方。
进一步地，所述的动力头还包括第一上支承构件及第一下支承构件，所述的第一上支承构件设于靠近所述的第一输出构件与所述的上键套连接的位置，所述的第一下支承构件设于靠近所述的第一输出构件与所述的下键套连接的位置。
进一步地，所述的动力头还包括缓冲部件，所述的缓冲部件设于所述的钻杆外侧，并位于所述的上键套的上方。
更进一步地，所述的缓冲部件上侧还设有减摩垫。
较佳地，所述的第二输出构件与所述的输入构件相邻的一侧设有第二下支承构件，所述的第二输出构件与所述的输入构件不相邻的一侧设有第二上支承构件，所述的第二上支承构件位于所述的第二下支承构件的上方。
较佳地，所述的第一输出构件的上侧还设有第一密封部件，所述的第二输出构件的下侧还设有第二密封部件。
更佳地，所述的第一密封部件包括护罩及清泥刮板构件、外挡泥板、内挡泥板、油封、密封环及黄油嘴及注油通道构件；
所述的密封环设于所述的第一输出构件的外侧，所述的油封设于所述的密封环的外侧；
所述的外挡泥板与所述的内挡泥板交错地设于所述的第一输出构件的外侧，并位于所述的油封的斜上方，所述的外挡泥板上设有一通孔，所述的黄油嘴及注油通道构件穿过所述的通孔，并延伸至所述的油封的上侧；
所述的护罩及清泥刮板构件位于所述的第一输出构件的上侧，并罩覆于所述的外挡泥板的外侧。
较佳地，所述的动力头还包括动力头箱体，所述的输入构件、第一输出构件及第二输出构件均设于所述的动力头箱体内部。
更佳地，所述的动力头还包括压板总成、滑架、连接板、护栏、加压滑轮组及压盘；
所述的驱动模块位于所述的动力头箱体上方，所述的压盘及护筒驱动器位于所述的动力头箱体下方，所述的钻杆贯穿所述的动力头箱体、护筒驱动器及压盘；
所述的动力头箱体通过所述的连接板安装于所述的压板总成上，所述的滑架及加压滑轮组也设于所述的压板总成上；所述的连接板上还设有一护栏。
该旋挖钻机，其主要特点是，所述的旋挖钻机包括上述旋挖钻机动力头。
采用该旋挖钻机动力头，设有驱动模块、钻杆、护筒驱动器、输入构件、第一输出构件及第二输出构件，所述的驱动模块可通过输入构件将动力分别传递给所述的第一输出构件及第二输出构件，所述的第一输出构件将动力传递给钻杆，控制其工作，所述的第二输出构件将动力传递给护筒驱动器，从而带动护筒工作，包括该旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机可通过一个动力驱动源就可同时控制钻杆及护筒工作，且由于第一输出构件和第二输出构件的运动方向相反，可以更好地达到力的平衡。该旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机可有效提高挖掘效率，且性能稳定，使用寿命长，成本较低，适应性好。
附图说明
图1-1为一实施例中现有技术中旋挖钻机动力头的外部结构示意图。
图1-2为图1-1中的旋挖钻机动力头中部分结构的剖面图。
图1-3为图1-1中的旋挖钻机动力头的运动分析图。
图2-1为现有技术中带护筒的旋挖钻机动力头的剖面图。
图2-2为现有技术中带图2-1中的旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机无护筒钻进时的结构示意图。
图2-3为现有技术中带图2-1中的旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机跟进护筒钻进时的结构示意图。
图3-1为Soilmec公司的S100旋挖钻机的结构示意图。
图3-2为图3-1中的旋挖钻机的俯视图。
图4-1为国内一款SWSD3618强力多功能钻机的结构示意图。
图4-2为图4-1中的强力多功能钻机左视图。
图5为一实施例中本发明的旋挖钻机动力头的主要结构的剖面图。
图6为一实施例中本发明的旋挖钻机动力头的剖面图。
图7-1为一实施例中本发明的旋挖钻机动力头带一个输入构件时的运动分析图。
图7-2为一实施例中本发明的旋挖钻机动力头带二个输入构件时的运动分析图。
图7-3为一实施例中本发明的旋挖钻机动力头带三个输入构件时的运动分析图。
图7-4为一实施例中本发明的旋挖钻机动力头带四个输入构件时的运动分析图。
图8为一实施例中第一密封部件设于本发明的旋挖钻机动力头中的结构示意图。
图9为一实施例中第二密封部件设于本发明的旋挖钻机动力头中的结构示意图。
附图标记
1    传动本体
11   齿轴
12   外齿圈
121  第一上支承构件
122  第一下支承构件
123  第一密封部件
1231 护罩及清泥刮板构件
1232 黄油嘴及注油通道构件
1233 外挡泥板
1234 内挡泥板
1235 油封
1236 密封环
13   驱动轮体
14   键套
141  上键套
142  下键套
143  钻杆驱动键
15   护筒驱动器
151  护筒
16   内齿圈
161  第二上支承构件
162  第二下支承构件
163  第二密封部件
1631 第一外侧轴密封构件
1632 第一外侧孔密封构件
1633 第二外侧孔密封构件
1634 外侧孔密封座
1635 第二外侧轴密封构件
1636 第三外侧轴密封构件
2    马达及行星减速器
21   动力头箱体
3    缓冲部件
31   减摩垫
4    压板总成
5    连接板
6    加压滑轮组
7    滑架
8    压盘
9    护栏
10   钻杆
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地描述本发明的技术内容，下面结合具体实施例来进行进一步的描述。
本发明公开了一种旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机，该旋挖钻机动力头的结构可参阅图5至图9所示，其包括驱动模块、钻杆10、护筒驱动器15、输入构件、第一输出构件及第二输出构件；
所述的驱动模块通过所述的输入构件分别与所述的第一输出构件及第二输出构件相连接；
所述的第一输出构件与所述的钻杆10相连接；
所述的第二输出构件与所述的护筒驱动器15相连接。
在该实施例中，所述的驱动模块由至少一组马达及减速器组件构成，所述的输入构件包括与所述的马达及减速器组件数量匹配的齿轴11；
所述的第一输出构件为外齿圈12，所述的第二输出构件为内齿圈16；
所述的内齿圈16设于所述的外齿圈12的外侧，所述的齿轴11设于所述的内齿圈16及外齿圈12之间，且所述的齿轴11的齿分别与所述的外齿圈12的齿及内齿圈16的齿相接触。
齿轴11的数量可以根据旋挖钻机的参数规格进行选择，规格越大输入构件数目也越大，可以为一个也可以为二个、三个、四个或更多，以满足更多的应用需要，其工作原理均是近似的，齿轴11的分布方式可参阅图7-1至7-4所示(图中绘制了中心线，其中带箭头的线分别起到标示齿轴11、内齿圈16、外齿圈12的相对运动方向的作用)，为了便于比较，我们对图7-3中的这种带三个齿轴11的形式进行说明，将图7-3与图1-3进行比较，可以清楚的看出，本发明的旋挖钻机动力头增加了一个外侧输出构件——内齿圈16，以实现增加一个反向输出，即各个齿轴11的运动方向相同，内齿圈16及外齿圈12在齿轴11的带动下进行反向运动。
在该实施例中，每组所述的马达及减速器组件均包括马达及减速器，所述的马达通过所述的减速器与所述的输入构件相连接，其中，所述的马达为液压马达，所述的减速器为行星减速器，即该马达及减速器组件包括马达及行星减速器2。
在该实施例中，所述的输入构件设于所述的第一输出构件及第二输出构件之间，所述的第一输出构件的运动方向与所述的第二输出构件的运动方向相反。
在该实施例中，所述的第一输出构件通过钻杆驱动键143与所述的钻杆相连接；
所述的第二输出构件通过所述的护筒驱动器15与所述的护筒151相连接。
该旋挖钻机动力头的运动方式如下：
由马达及减速器组件给对应的齿轴11提供动力使齿轴11旋转，在齿轴11的带动下外齿圈12及内齿圈16以相反的方向旋转输出动能，其中，外齿圈12带动钻杆驱动键143驱动钻杆运动，让钻具实现钻进功能，内齿圈16带动护筒驱动器15将护筒151拧入地下。这样一个复合动力头完成原来由二个动力头组合实现的功能。
在该实施例中，所述的动力头还包括上键套141和下键套142，所述的上键套141和下键套142设于所述的第一输出构件与所述的钻杆驱动键143之间，且所述的上键套141位于所述的下键套142上方。
在该实施例中，所述的动力头还包括第一上支承构件121及第一下支承构件122，所述的第一上支承构件121设于靠近所述的第一输出构件与所述的上键套141连接的位置，所述的第一下支承构件122设于靠近所述的第一输出构件与所述的下键套142连接的位置。
上述上键套141、下键套142、第一上支承构件121及第一下支承构件122的设置可使得动力头的结构更为稳定，正常驱动旋挖钻进时，动力由马达及减速器组件带动动力头输出构件——齿轴11，再驱动与内侧输出构件——外齿圈12固定一起的上键套141和下键套142，由此驱动钻杆再驱动钻具实现钻进取土。其中输出上键套141和下键套142由二组上下安装的第一上支承构件121和第二下支承构件162来确保其回转精度和轴向载荷承载能力。
可根据实际情况选择构成第一上支承构件121和第二下支承构件162的构件(即可采用回转轴承或轴承齿圈构成第一上支承构件121和第二下支承构件162)，第一上支承构件121和第二下支承构件162起到支撑和约束旋转方向的作用，其选择的构件的规格型号可参阅以下选择的方式进行选择，即可根据旋挖钻机规格大小采用如下支承形式：
对于输出转矩80-250kNm规格动力头(通常单驱动或双驱动结构)：第一上支承构件121 可采用深沟球轴承构成，第一下支承构件122可采用单排交叉滚子回转轴承或双排球回转轴承构成。由于钻机规格较小，还可以采用一套三排滚子回转轴承构成。
对于输出转矩280-400kNm规格动力头：第一上支承构件121可采用双排球或双排交叉滚子回转轴承构成，第一下支承构件122可采用单排深沟球轴承构成。
对于输出转矩420-800kNm规格动力头：第一上支承构件121可采用三排柱回转轴承构成，第一下支承构件122可采用单排深沟球轴承或双排球回转轴承构成。
采用上述结构的动力头，轴向承载能力比以前大幅提高，除可以满足重载工况的施工需求外，面对机锁钻杆得经常意外落杆或砸杆所产生的向下冲击载荷，除了与上键套141组合一起的缓冲部件3吸收大部分能量外，动力头抗冲击能力获得大幅提高。
该动力头除保留现有设计中单独设置的键套14外又增加一套上键套141，可以看出动力头驱动键的长度比原来增加一倍或更多(目前同类产品只有其一半或更短)，这不仅大大降低了动力头钻杆驱动键143与钻杆键之间的接触应力，大大延长了设备使用寿命，而且大大增加了动力头对钻杆的导向精度，这对有效降低施工中出现斜孔的风险具有特别重要的意义，尤其在100米以上大直径深孔。
在该实施例中，所述的动力头还包括缓冲部件3，所述的缓冲部件3设于所述的钻杆外侧，并位于所述的上键套141的上方。
在该实施例中，所述的缓冲部件3上侧还设有减摩垫31，通过减摩垫31释放有害内力，降低钻杆与动力头缓冲之间的摩擦力。
一根完整的钻杆，连同钻满岩土的钻具，其重量随着钻机规格的增大而相当可观，尤其大吨位钻机，几十吨左右的重量压在动力头缓冲部件3上面，钻机在施工过程中随着钻具钻进的进行，钻杆本身由于转矩传递产生扭转弹性变形，储存在钻杆中的弹性变形能量会在钻杆与动力头的接触面产生附加摩擦力矩，该摩擦力矩会在钻进结束提杆瞬间释放，并且随着地层越硬钻进时间越长，集聚的摩擦力矩越大，从而对只能承受轴向载荷的缓冲部件3产生附加摩擦力矩造成早期失效，因此增加减摩垫31可以随时释放摩擦力矩，从而有效保护缓冲部件3或大大延长其使用寿命。
在该实施例中，所述的第二输出构件与所述的输入构件相邻的一侧设有第二下支承构件162，所述的第二输出构件与所述的输入构件不相邻的一侧设有第二上支承构件161，所述的第二上支承构件161位于所述的第二下支承构件162的上方。
第二上支承构件161和第二下支承构件162与第一上支承构件121和第一下支承构件122一样，也可根据实际情况选择采用回转轴承或轴承齿圈构成，其选择方式可参阅下述选择方式进行选择：
为满足护筒同步跟进或退出，除具备足够强度、刚度外还要有足够的双向轴向承载能力，如360规格，按其最大轴向载荷要达到150吨力，因此设计成二组：第二上支承构件161与第二下支承构件162并行分布于外侧输出构件——内齿圈16的内外二侧，360规格以上均采用三排柱结构，其余采用双排交叉滚子或球结构的轴承构成。
即可根据实际情况，选择采用单排球回转轴承、单排柱回转轴承、单排球回转轴承齿圈、单排柱回转轴承齿圈、双排球回转轴承、双排交叉柱回转轴承、双排球回转轴承齿圈、双排交叉柱回转轴承齿圈、三排柱回转轴承齿圈等构件来构成第一上支承构件、第一下支承构件、第二上支承构件及第二下支承构件。
通过设置第一密封部件123及第二密封部件163使得旋挖钻机动力头中的动力头箱体内部可保持在一种相对封闭、防尘、防污染进入，且可长期保证在一种良好润滑、清洁的状态。 结合动力头箱体结构及其内部各部件的结构状态，在该实施例中，在所述的第一输出构件的上侧设有第一密封部件123，在所述的第二输出构件的下侧设有第二密封部件163。
在该实施例中，所述的第一密封部件123包括护罩及清泥刮板构件1231、外挡泥板1233、内挡泥板1234、油封1235、密封环1236及黄油嘴及注油通道构件1232；
所述的密封环1236设于所述的第一输出构件的外侧，所述的油封1235设于所述的密封环1236的外侧；
所述的外挡泥板1233与所述的内挡泥板1234交错地设于所述的第一输出构件的外侧，并位于所述的油封1235的斜上方，所述的外挡泥板1233上设有一通孔，所述的黄油嘴及注油通道构件1232穿过所述的通孔，并延伸至所述的油封1235的上侧；
所述的护罩及清泥刮板构件1231位于所述的第一输出构件的上侧，并罩覆于所述的外挡泥板1233的外侧，结合图5可看出，在该实施例中，护罩及清泥刮板构件1231设置于第一输出构件的上侧的动力头箱体21的上方。
动力头是旋挖钻机最重要的执行机构，在风沙、泥水的露天环境下连续运转，因此密封极为重要，因此，上述实施例中采用了第一密封部件123及第二密封部件163对其进行密封。
其中，第一密封部件123包括护罩及清泥刮板构件1231、外挡泥板1233、内挡泥板1234、油封1235、密封环1236及黄油嘴及注油通道构件1232；动力头由护罩及清泥刮板构件1231实施动态清理，并由交错放置的外挡泥板1233及内挡泥板1234组成隔离区，其中，外挡泥板1233及内挡泥板1234径向间隙控制在1mm以内，轴向高度达150mm以上。其中内部空间通过黄油嘴及注油通道构件1232定期向内注满黄油，确保润滑和防止外面泥沙侵入，由于动力头结构体积大，采用密封环1236与油封1235接触实现密封要求，这样可以大大简化日后的售后服务和降低维护成本，该第一密封部件123设于本发明的旋挖钻机动力头中的结构可参阅图8所示。
由于本发明中的动力头与现有技术中的动力头的结构不同，其存在多个具有相对运动的传动构件，密封要求比现有技术中的动力头的密封要求高，因此，其需要密封的部位也与现有技术中的动力头需要密封的部位有所不同，其中外侧的内齿圈16属于内外均需要密封的输出传动构件，即其内外侧都要可靠密封，因此有三个位置需要同时密封，该实施例中采用第二密封部件163对其进行密封，其中，第二密封部件163包括：第一外侧轴密封构件1631、第一外侧孔密封构件1632、第二外侧孔密封构件1633、外侧孔密封座1634、第二外侧轴密封构件1635及第三外侧轴密封构件1636；
其中，第一外侧轴密封构件1631及第三外侧轴密封构件1636可由骨架油封构成，第二外侧轴密封构件1635可由O型密封圈构成，第一外侧孔密封构件1632及第二外侧孔密封构件1633设置于外侧孔密封座1634上，且第一外侧孔密封构件1632位于第二外侧孔密封构件1633上侧，第一外侧孔密封构件1632主要用于防止磨损杂质不进入密封区，第二外侧孔密封构件1633具有二道径向密封，可自动补偿，耐压5MPa。
在使用过程中，第一外侧孔密封构件1632与第二外侧孔密封构件1633与常规的孔密封不同，其内孔密封面所需要的预紧力刚好相反，因此采用具有轴向预紧力的第一外侧孔密封构件1632和具有径向预紧力第二外侧孔密封构件1633的组合使用，确保内孔密封安全可靠，而第二外侧轴密封构件1635、第三外侧轴密封构件1636实现内齿圈16输出构件的内外密封，该第二密封部件163设于本发明的旋挖钻机动力头中的结构可参阅图9所示。
在该实施例中，所述的动力头还包括动力头箱体21，所述的输入构件(齿轴)、第一输出构件(外齿圈)及第二输出构件(内齿圈)均设于所述的动力头箱体21内部，其结构可参阅 图5所示。
如图1中的旋挖钻机动力头一样，在该实施例中，所述的动力头还包括压板总成4、滑架7、连接板5、护栏9、加压滑轮组6及压盘8；
所述的驱动模块位于所述的动力头箱体上方，所述的压盘8及护筒驱动器位于所述的动力头箱体下方，所述的钻杆贯穿所述的动力头箱体、护筒驱动器及压盘8；
所述的动力头箱体通过所述的连接板5安装于所述的压板总成4上，所述的滑架7及加压滑轮组6也设于所述的压板总成4上；
所述的连接板5上还设有一护栏9，其具体结构可参阅图6所示。
滑架7(即导向滑架)、动力头箱体21、压板总成4等部件为动力头的框架结构，用于与旋挖钻机对应桅杆导轨的安装连接。
将图2-1与图5、6(图5、6中分别用带箭头的线条标注了钻杆与护筒的旋转方向，从图中可以看出二者旋转方向相反)进行比较，可以看出上述实施例中的旋挖钻机动力头，巧妙地在输入构件的外侧又设置了一输出构件，使得驱动模块可在通过输入构件将动力传递给钻杆的同时还将动力传递给护筒驱动器，实现采用一个动力源，就可同时带动两套输出构件工作，即普通的旋挖钻机动力头输入，再复合一套内啮合齿轮传动，可以巧妙地实现了二个输出构件的相对旋转运动：即原来内侧构件传动(旋挖功能)不变，而外侧传动以更大的转矩实现反向输出驱动护筒。该护筒驱动器安装在动力头外侧的内齿轮上，可以边下护筒边进行正常的旋挖操作，大大提高施工效率和施工安全(塌孔、埋钻等恶性突发事故)，下的护筒长度可以不受任何限制(根据桩深接对应长度的护筒)，尤其在深层遇到溶洞一类的恶劣地质条件，可以迎刃而解！否则采用全套管钻机，不仅设备投资巨大，施工运行成本大、施工周期长、效率低，其次对旋挖整机本身来说，由于二个输出相反，大部分转矩自相内部平衡，对整机受力结构特别有利。
在一实施例中，一旋挖钻机包括上述旋挖钻机动力头。
采用上述实施例中的旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机对旋挖一类产品的功能提升将起到革命性的推动作用，其具备着非常优越的性能，具体优点如下：
(1)上述设计使得动力头受力结构更趋合理，使动力头本身和钻机结构的强度、刚度得到更好匹配；
(2)为适应超大直径、超深桩基础施工，动力头承载能力与结构稳定性、载荷传递平稳性、导向精度和传动强度、刚度等获得明显提升，尤其是频繁面对花岗岩一类超硬地层所带来的超载运转；
(3)避震和抗冲击能力成倍提高；
(4)干、稀油润滑和密封采用多重保护，可靠性大大提高，售后服务简单，动力头使用寿命更长；
(5)动力头轴向承载能力大幅提高，以此来满足动力头拧入或拧出更长的护筒，这对提高桩的垂直度等施工质量、严格控制混凝土方量等起到了前所未有的效果；上述优秀性能取决于如下先进的设计和制造技术。
这种具备上述实施例中的旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机可解决如下施工难题：
(1)利用施工高效的旋挖钻机直接全护筒跟进施工，可以马上废止桩基础施工中的泥浆使用，这对加快推进国家环保具有特别重要意义；
说明：对于在地下水位高、淤泥型的地质条件上进行桩基础施工，传统施工方法通常要用泥浆护壁(防止塌孔)，而泥浆是含有化学成分的有害物质，在这样的施工过程中不仅需要 大量的水资源，而且会产生大量的有害泥浆，按正规方式处理这些泥浆需要大量的人力、物力和资金，因此在实际施工中常常发生偷倒泥浆污染耕地或水源事件，随着国家环保政策的大力推进，废止桩基础泥浆使用势在必行，本发明可以实现这一目标。
与旋挖钻进同步下护筒，而且可以无任何限制下足够长的护筒跟进(常规下护筒无法做到)：在保护环境的同时，取消了污染环境的制浆设备和节省了处理施工过程中产生的有害泥浆费用，其次对桩的施工质量(尤其是深桩垂直度、桩径误差)、混凝土控制有了量化控制依据，为施工方和工程检验方提供了精确的计算依据，十分符合国家环保节能发展要求。
(2)对溶洞一类地质条件的桩基础施工可以用普通的旋挖钻机就可以全部解决：随时护筒跟进施工。而不需要采用目前价格昂贵的全回转钻机及其一系列辅助设备，如履带吊、冲抓斗等等，可以节约大量的施工成本和有效缩短施工周期。
(3)可以充分发挥旋挖钻机施工高效的潜能，快速有效淘汰能耗大、高污染(噪音、废气超标)、施工效率低的落后桩机设备，为国家环保政策快速推行助一臂之力。
(4)对现有系列旋挖钻机都可以装备本系列双向复合多功能动力头，使该设备性能上一台阶，并拓展现有旋挖钻机功能。
(5)本发明中的旋挖钻机动力头对旋挖钻机关键部件如动臂、变幅、支撑油缸、上车回转机构等部件的受力将大为改善：由于复合动力头二个输出机构相对旋转，大部分力矩可以内部自相平衡，整机力学性能得到前所未有的优化，设备安全系数得到了大幅度提升，因此可以大幅节省个别零部件的生产成本。
(6)普通旋挖钻机替代价格昂贵、施工工艺复杂的全回转钻机，而且由于这时旋挖钻机自身内力平衡，在同步下护筒时整机与地面之间的接地比压完全符合正常施工要求，而根本不需要全回转钻机的附加阻力臂。施工场地简单、整洁、安全，在施工过程中更没有任何异常的噪音，完全避免了在城区施工全回转冲抓斗冲击产生的异常噪音。
综上所述，双向复合多功能动力头具有独创性，符合国家环保、节能要求，具有非常大的社会和经济效益。
采用该旋挖钻机动力头，设有驱动模块、钻杆、护筒驱动器、输入构件、第一输出构件及第二输出构件，所述的驱动模块可通过输入构件将动力分别传递给所述的第一输出构件及第二输出构件，所述的第一输出构件将动力传递给钻杆，控制其工作，所述的第二输出构件将动力传递给护筒驱动器，从而带动护筒工作，包括该旋挖钻机动力头的旋挖钻机可通过一个动力驱动源就可同时控制钻杆及护筒工作，且由于第一输出构件和第二输出构件的运动方向相反，可以更好地达到力的平衡。该旋挖钻机动力头及相应的旋挖钻机可有效提高挖掘效率，且性能稳定，使用寿命长，成本较低，适应性好。
在此说明书中，本发明已参照其特定的实施例作了描述。但是，很显然仍可以作出各种修改和变换而不背离本发明的精神和范围。因此，说明书和附图应被认为是说明性的而非限制性的。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种旋挖钻机动力头，包括驱动模块、钻杆及护筒驱动器，其特征在于，所述的动力头还包括输入构件、第一输出构件及第二输出构件；
    所述的驱动模块通过所述的输入构件分别与所述的第一输出构件及第二输出构件相连接；
    所述的第一输出构件与所述的钻杆相连接；
    所述的第二输出构件与所述的护筒驱动器相连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的驱动模块由至少一组马达及减速器组件构成，所述的输入构件包括与所述的马达及减速器组件数量匹配的齿轴；
    所述的第一输出构件为外齿圈，所述的第二输出构件为内齿圈；
    所述的内齿圈设于所述的外齿圈的外侧，所述的齿轴设于所述的内齿圈及外齿圈之间，且所述的齿轴的齿分别与所述的外齿圈的齿及内齿圈的齿相接触。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，每组所述的马达及减速器组件均包括马达及减速器，所述的马达通过所述的减速器与所述的输入构件相连接，其中，所述的马达为液压马达，所述的减速器为行星减速器。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的输入构件设于所述的第一输出构件及第二输出构件之间，所述的第一输出构件的运动方向与所述的第二输出构件的运动方向相反。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的第一输出构件通过钻杆驱动键与所述的钻杆相连接；
    所述的第二输出构件通过所述的护筒驱动器与所述的护筒相连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的动力头还包括上键套和下键套，所述的上键套和下键套设于所述的第一输出构件与所述的钻杆驱动键之间，且所述的上键套位于所述的下键套上方。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的动力头还包括第一上支承构件及第一下支承构件，所述的第一上支承构件设于靠近所述的第一输出构件与所述的上键套连接的位置，所述的第一下支承构件设于靠近所述的第一输出构件与所述的下键套连接的位置。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的动力头还包括缓冲部件，所述的缓冲部件设于所述的钻杆外侧，并位于所述的上键套的上方。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的缓冲部件上侧还设有减 摩垫。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的第二输出构件与所述的输入构件相邻的一侧设有第二下支承构件，所述的第二输出构件与所述的输入构件不相邻的一侧设有第二上支承构件，所述的第二上支承构件位于所述的第二下支承构件的上方。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的第一输出构件的上侧还设有第一密封部件，所述的第二输出构件的下侧还设有第二密封部件。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的第一密封部件包括护罩及清泥刮板构件、外挡泥板、内挡泥板、油封、密封环及黄油嘴及注油通道构件；
    所述的密封环设于所述的第一输出构件的外侧，所述的油封设于所述的密封环的外侧；
    所述的外挡泥板与所述的内挡泥板交错地设于所述的第一输出构件的外侧，并位于所述的油封的斜上方，所述的外挡泥板上设有一通孔，所述的黄油嘴及注油通道构件穿过所述的通孔，并延伸至所述的油封的上侧；
    所述的护罩及清泥刮板构件位于所述的第一输出构件的上侧，并罩覆于所述的外挡泥板的外侧。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的动力头还包括动力头箱体，所述的输入构件、第一输出构件及第二输出构件均设于所述的动力头箱体内部。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的旋挖钻机动力头，其特征在于，所述的动力头还包括压板总成、滑架、连接板、护栏、加压滑轮组及压盘；
    所述的驱动模块位于所述的动力头箱体上方，所述的压盘及护筒驱动器位于所述的动力头箱体下方，所述的钻杆贯穿所述的动力头箱体、护筒驱动器及压盘；
    所述的动力头箱体通过所述的连接板安装于所述的压板总成上，所述的滑架及加压滑轮组也设于所述的压板总成上；
    所述的连接板上还设有一护栏。
  15. 一种旋挖钻机，其特征在于，所述的旋挖钻机包括权利要求1至14中任一项所述的旋挖钻机动力头。
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