WO2021056979A1 - 缸头组件、压缩机和制冷装置 - Google Patents

缸头组件、压缩机和制冷装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021056979A1
WO2021056979A1 PCT/CN2020/079234 CN2020079234W WO2021056979A1 WO 2021056979 A1 WO2021056979 A1 WO 2021056979A1 CN 2020079234 W CN2020079234 W CN 2020079234W WO 2021056979 A1 WO2021056979 A1 WO 2021056979A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
cylinder
hole
exhaust
cylindrical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/079234
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈会平
陈忠华
吴小凌
邱施学
Original Assignee
广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司 filed Critical 广州万宝集团压缩机有限公司
Priority to EP20838870.2A priority Critical patent/EP3822488B1/en
Publication of WO2021056979A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021056979A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/125—Cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0027—Pulsation and noise damping means
    • F04B39/0055—Pulsation and noise damping means with a special shape of fluid passage, e.g. bends, throttles, diameter changes, pipes
    • F04B39/0061—Pulsation and noise damping means with a special shape of fluid passage, e.g. bends, throttles, diameter changes, pipes using muffler volumes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/102—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being disc valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1066—Valve plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1073—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves
    • F04B39/108—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves circular reed valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/122—Cylinder block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/14—Provisions for readily assembling or disassembling

Definitions

  • the invention is used in the field of compressors, and particularly relates to a cylinder head assembly, a compressor and a refrigeration device.
  • the cylinder head components of the compressor include: cylinder head, cylinder head gasket, suction muffler, valve plate parts, suction valve plate, valve plate gasket, cylinder head screws, etc., of which the number of cylinder head screws is four.
  • the cylinder head, cylinder head gasket, valve plate parts, suction valve disc, and valve plate gasket are square in appearance, and cylinder head screw mounting holes are provided at four corners.
  • a threaded hole is provided on the cylinder seat plate surface (close to the top of the cylinder hole), and four cylinder head screws are matched with the threaded hole to fasten the cylinder head component.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a cylinder head assembly, compressor and refrigeration device, which not only has the advantages of miniaturization and low cost of the circular cylinder head, but also avoids In the traditional circular cylinder head design, the process of exhausting from the cylinder head is difficult, which saves material costs.
  • the cylinder head assembly includes
  • the cylinder seat is provided with a cylinder bore and an exhaust muffler chamber, the cylinder seat is provided with an annular boss at the end of the cylinder bore, the end surface of the annular boss forms a first mounting surface, and the first mounting surface Is provided with a first exhaust section circulation hole, the first exhaust section circulation hole is in communication with the exhaust muffler chamber, and the outer circular surface of the annular boss is not on the axis with the cylinder hole and faces the The direction of the flow hole of the first exhaust section is offset;
  • the cylinder head component includes an exhaust valve plate, a valve plate and an intake valve plate.
  • Each of the cylinder head components is circular, and the edge of each of the cylinder head components is provided with protrusions.
  • the protrusions A second exhaust section circulation hole corresponding to the first exhaust section circulation hole is provided;
  • the cylinder head is provided with a first cylindrical installation groove and a second cylindrical installation groove, the first cylindrical installation groove is coaxial with the cylinder bore, and the second cylindrical installation groove is connected to the annular boss
  • the outer circular surface is coaxial, the cylinder head is connected to the cylinder base and each of the cylinder head components is clamped between the bottom of the first cylindrical mounting groove and the first mounting surface, the The second exhaust section circulation hole communicates with the first exhaust section circulation hole to form an exhaust passage, and the second cylindrical mounting groove is matched with the outer circular surface of the annular boss.
  • each of the cylinder head components can be assembled in the first cylindrical mounting groove and is connected to the cylindrical surface of the first cylindrical mounting groove. Cooperate.
  • the cylindrical surface of the first cylindrical installation groove and the cylindrical surface of the second cylindrical installation groove are inscribed.
  • the cylinder head is provided with positioning grooves that cooperate with the protrusions; the cylinder head is provided with positioning posts, and each The edges of the cylinder head component are all provided with first grooves that cooperate with the positioning pillars; the positioning pillars, the first grooves and the inscribed positions are distributed along the circumference of the first cylindrical mounting groove.
  • the cylinder head is provided with a positioning boss
  • the cylinder seat is provided with a recess that cooperates with the positioning boss
  • the positioning boss is located at the end of the positioning column.
  • the cylinder head component further includes a cylinder head gasket and a valve plate gasket, and the cylinder head gasket is provided on the cylinder head and the valve plate gasket. Between the exhaust valve plates, the valve plate gasket is arranged between the intake valve plates and the cylinder seat.
  • the end surface of the cylinder seat forms a second mounting surface on the outer side of the annular boss, and all the cylinder head components are clamped Then, a first gap is left between the bottom of the second cylindrical mounting groove and the first mounting surface, and a second gap is left between the top of the second cylindrical mounting groove and the second mounting surface. gap.
  • the first gap and the second gap are both not less than 0.1 mm.
  • the cylinder head is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes on the periphery of the first cylindrical mounting groove and the second cylindrical mounting groove
  • the cylinder seat is provided with a second connecting hole corresponding to the first connecting hole, and the cylinder head and the cylinder seat are connected by a connecting piece passing through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole .
  • a part of the hole wall of at least one of the first connecting holes bulges toward the inside of the first cylindrical mounting groove, and each of the cylinder heads The edges of the pieces are all provided with second grooves matched with the raised hole walls.
  • the cylinder head is provided with a flange at one end that cooperates with the cylinder seat, and the first connecting hole is provided on the flange on.
  • the first exhaust section circulation hole is located at the center of the outer circle of the annular boss and the center of the outer circle of the annular boss.
  • the extension line of the line connecting the center of the cylinder hole is located at the center of the outer circle of the annular boss and the center of the outer circle of the annular boss.
  • the minimum distance between the first exhaust throttle circulation hole and the outer circular surface of the annular boss is not less than 2mm, and the first exhaust The minimum distance between the flow hole and the cylinder hole is not less than 2mm.
  • each of the cylinder head parts is punched and formed by using a square sheet, and the protrusion of the cylinder head part is located in the square The corner position of the sheet.
  • the cylinder head is provided with an exhaust cavity at the bottom of the first cylindrical mounting groove, and the exhaust cavity is provided with a section. Flow parts and exhaust valve plate limiting parts.
  • the cylinder head is provided with a mounting hole, and further includes a suction muffler, and the outlet end of the suction muffler is provided at the In the installation hole and pressed against the cylinder head part by an elastic part.
  • the elastic component includes a circlip, the circlip is formed by bending an elastic sheet, and the circlip has a first clamping arm, The connecting portion and the second clamping arm, the end of the first clamping arm is reversed outward to form a first clamping wing, the end of the second clamping arm is reversed outward to form a second clamping wing, the mounting hole
  • the wall of the hole is provided with a circlip mounting groove, a wing limiting boss is provided in the circlip mounting groove, the circlip is embedded in the circlip mounting groove, and passes through the first wing and the second wing
  • the clamping wing is clamped to the clamping wing limiting boss, and the connecting part presses the suction muffler in the mounting hole.
  • the connecting portion has a bending and pressing portion for pressing the suction muffler.
  • a compressor in a second aspect, includes the cylinder head assembly described in any implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a refrigeration device includes the compressor described in the second aspect.
  • the cylinder head components are circular design, which saves the overall size of the cylinder head components, reduces weight and reduces costs;
  • the second exhaust joint circulation hole on the cylinder head component, the first exhaust joint circulation hole of the annular boss, and the exhaust muffler cavity on the cylinder seat are connected to form an exhaust passage, which eliminates the exhaust system in the prior art Guided by the cylinder head and then introduced into the technical solution of a separate exhaust muffler, the number of overall structural parts is less, the process is simpler, and the production cost is lower;
  • the outer surface of the annular boss and the cylinder hole, the first cylindrical installation groove and the second cylindrical installation groove are all designed with different shafts, which can ensure a good seal of the exhaust passage, and also greatly The material consumption of the cylinder seat, cylinder head, etc. is saved, and the production cost is greatly reduced. In addition, the structure of different shafts also plays a foolproof function for assembly line operations.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the compressor of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of an embodiment of the compressor cylinder head assembly of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cylinder block structure of an embodiment shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the outer circular surface of the annular boss of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 being out of axis with the cylinder bore;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a cylinder head part formed by a square sheet in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a cylinder head part formed by a square sheet in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder head of an embodiment shown in Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder head component of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 being arranged in the cylinder head;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the cylinder head and the cylinder seat of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 after being connected;
  • Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder head and the mounting hole of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
  • “several” means one or more, “multiple” means two or more, “greater than”, “less than”, “exceeding”, etc. are understood to not include the number; “above,” “below,” and “within” “And so on are understood to include the number.
  • “first” and “second” only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number or number of the indicated technical features. Implicitly specify the sequence of the indicated technical features.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a compressor, particularly a reciprocating compressor.
  • the reciprocating compressor includes a cylinder head assembly, a drive assembly 2 and a casing 3.
  • the cylinder head assembly and the drive assembly 2 are both Set in the casing 3, the casing 3 is provided with an exhaust pipe 31 and a suction pipe 32.
  • the cylinder head assembly includes a cylinder block 1, a cylinder head component 4 and a cylinder head 5.
  • the cylinder block 1 is provided with a cylinder hole 11, and the drive assembly 2 includes a motor, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, and a piston.
  • the motor drives the crankshaft to rotate ,
  • the eccentric part of the crankshaft drives the connecting rod to move, and the connecting rod drives the piston to reciprocate in the cylinder bore 11 of the cylinder block 1.
  • the cylinder head assembly controls the working fluid to enter and exit to realize the compression of the refrigerant.
  • the cylinder block 1 is provided with a cylinder hole 11 and an exhaust muffler cavity 12.
  • the exhaust muffler cavity 12 is formed by casting on the cylinder block 1, and the cylinder block 1 is provided with an annular boss at the end of the cylinder hole 11. 13.
  • the end surface of the annular boss 13 forms a first mounting surface 14 for tightly fitting each cylinder head component 4.
  • the first mounting surface 14 is provided with a first exhaust section circulation hole 15, and the first exhaust section circulates The hole 15 communicates with the exhaust muffler cavity 12.
  • the external exhaust muffler is replaced by the exhaust muffler cavity 12, and the structure is simple and the process cost is lower.
  • the outer circular surface of the annular boss 13 and the cylinder hole 11 are not coaxial, and are offset in the direction where the first exhaust section circulation hole 15 is located, so that the annular boss 13 is located at the first exhaust section circulation hole 15
  • One side has a larger contact surface, which is used to fit the cylinder head component 4 to ensure sealing and ensure that no leakage occurs around the circulation hole 15 of the first exhaust section during the exhaust process.
  • the annular boss 13 has a narrower thickness on the side away from the flow hole 15 of the first exhaust section, thereby greatly saving the material consumption of the cylinder block 1 and greatly reducing the production cost.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can save the material quota of the diagonally shaded area.
  • the cylinder head part 4 is used to control the flow direction of the working fluid when the compressor is working. See Figure 2.
  • the cylinder head part 4 includes an exhaust valve plate 41, a valve plate 42 and a suction valve plate 43.
  • the valve plate 42 is provided with a suction valve plate.
  • the exhaust valve plate 41 is attached to the outside of the valve plate 42 for the air hole and the exhaust hole.
  • the exhaust valve plate 41 is provided with an exhaust valve flap corresponding to the exhaust hole and an intake avoidance hole corresponding to the suction hole.
  • the suction valve plate 43 is attached to the inner side of the valve plate 42, and the suction valve plate 43 is provided with a suction valve flap corresponding to the suction hole and an exhaust escape hole corresponding to the exhaust hole.
  • the cylinder head component 4 further includes a cylinder head gasket 40 and a valve plate gasket 47.
  • the cylinder head gasket 40 is provided between the cylinder head 5 and the exhaust valve plate 41, and the valve plate gasket 47 is provided. Between the intake valve plate 43 and the cylinder block 1.
  • each cylinder head part 4 is circular. By adopting a circular design, the overall size of the cylinder head part 4 can be saved, weight and cost can be reduced.
  • Each cylinder head part 4 is provided with a protrusion 44 on the edge, and a second exhaust section circulation hole 45 corresponding to the first exhaust section circulation hole 15 is provided on the protrusion 44.
  • Each cylinder head member 4 is stacked, and each cylinder The second exhaust section circulation holes 45 of the head part 4 are successively butted to form a channel through which the working fluid can flow.
  • the protrusion 44 can be set to be circular, elliptical, square, special-shaped, etc.
  • the protrusion 44 can reserve sufficient sealing width around the second exhaust section circulation hole 45 of each cylinder head component 4 to ensure that during the exhaust process, There will be no leakage around the second exhaust section circulation hole 45.
  • the cylinder head 5 is provided with a first cylindrical installation groove 51 and a second cylindrical installation groove 52.
  • the diameter of the first cylindrical installation groove 51 is smaller than the diameter of the second cylindrical installation groove 52.
  • the cylindrical mounting groove 51 is coaxial with the cylinder hole 11 and is used to clamp each cylinder head component 4 at the end of the first cylinder hole 11.
  • the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 is coaxial with the outer surface of the annular boss 13. After the cylinder head 5 is connected to the cylinder base 1, the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 matches the outer surface of the annular boss 13 for installation and positioning. .
  • the cylinder head 5 is connected to the cylinder block 1 and each cylinder head component 4 is clamped between the bottom of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 and the first mounting surface 14.
  • the second exhaust throttle circulation hole 45 is connected to the first exhaust
  • the node circulation hole 15 communicates to form an exhaust passage.
  • the first cylindrical installation groove 51 and the second cylindrical installation groove 52 both adopt different shaft structural designs, which can greatly save the material consumption of the cylinder head 5 and greatly reduce the production cost.
  • the structural forms of different shafts also play a foolproof function for assembly line operations, which facilitates the quick and accurate butt-fitting of the cylinder head 5 and the cylinder seat 1, with simpler processes and lower production costs.
  • each of the cylinder head components 4 can be assembled in the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 and matched with the cylindrical surface of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51.
  • the cylinder head gasket 40, the exhaust valve plate 41, and the valve plate 42 are positioned and assembled, that is, the cylindrical outer circle of the cylinder head gasket 40, the exhaust valve plate 41, and the valve plate 42 is directly inserted into the first cylindrical shape.
  • a radial positioning is formed in the cylindrical surface of the mounting groove 51.
  • a second cylindrical mounting groove 52 with a center offset is set, the suction valve plate 43 and the valve plate gasket 47 are positioned and assembled, and the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 is connected to the circular outer wall surface of the annular boss 13 of the cylinder seat 1.
  • Perform installation positioning After the assembly of the cylinder head component 4 is completed, the cylinder head 5 is fastened to the cylinder base 1 with screws and other connecting parts to seal the cylinder hole 11. The assembly process is more orderly and the positioning accuracy is higher.
  • the cylindrical surface of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 and the cylindrical surface of the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 are inscribed, that is, the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 and the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 are used.
  • the tangential way of a cylindrical mounting slot 51 is the most material-saving solution in terms of geometry. It is understandable that the cylindrical surface of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 and the cylindrical surface of the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 are coaxially and tangentially designed to save material.
  • the first exhaust section circulation hole 15 is located on the extension line of the line connecting the center of the outer circle of the annular boss 13 and the center of the cylinder hole 11. At this time, The first exhaust section circulation hole 15 is located at the widest position of the annular boss 13. In order to ensure good contact and sealing, the minimum distance between the first exhaust section circulation hole 15 and the outer circular surface of the annular boss 13 is not less than 2 mm, and the minimum distance between the first exhaust section circulation hole 15 and the cylinder hole 11 is not less than 2 mm. By retaining a sufficient sealing width, it is ensured that no leakage occurs around the circulation hole 45 of the second exhaust section during the exhaust process.
  • a positioning groove 53 is provided on the cylinder head 5.
  • the positioning groove 53 is arranged along the depth direction of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51.
  • the protrusion 44 of the cylinder head part 4 engages with the positioning groove 53 to form a positioning
  • the first positioning point of the cylinder head part 4; the cylinder head 5 is provided with a positioning post 54 which is arranged along the depth direction of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51, see FIG. 5, the edges of each cylinder head part 4 are all
  • a first groove 46 is provided.
  • the first groove 46 is engaged with the positioning post 54 to form a second positioning point for positioning the cylinder head component 4; the cylindrical surface of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 and the second cylindrical mounting groove 52
  • the inscribed position of the cylindrical surface forms a third positioning point for positioning the cylinder head component 4.
  • the positioning post 54, the first groove 46 and the inscribed position are distributed along the circumferential direction of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51, and are spaced a certain distance apart .
  • the accuracy of the installation and positioning of the cylinder head component 4 is ensured, especially the suction valve plate that cannot be positioned by the first cylindrical installation groove 51
  • the installation and positioning accuracy of 43 and the valve plate gasket 47 ensure the normal operation of the suction and exhaust functions of the cylinder head component 4.
  • a positioning boss 55 is provided on the cylinder head 5, and a recess 10 is provided on the cylinder seat 1. After the cylinder head 5 is connected to the cylinder seat 1, the positioning boss 55 is embedded in the recess The pit realizes rapid assembly and plays a role in positioning. Among them, the positioning boss 55 has a dome to be able to guide the positioning boss 55 to quickly mate with the pit.
  • the positioning boss 55 and the positioning post 54 can be separated or docked.
  • the positioning boss 55 is located at the end of the positioning post 54, and the positioning boss 55 and the positioning post 54 are at the same position. It is convenient for the design and molding of the forming mold of the cylinder head 5, and the setting of the positioning boss 55 also provides a guiding function for the cylinder head part 4, making the assembly of the cylinder head part 4 in the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 more convenient and effective. To prevent sheepness.
  • the end surface of the cylinder block 1 forms a second mounting surface 16 on the outer side of the annular boss 13.
  • the second mounting surface 16 is formed by a milling cutter, and the milling cutter is simultaneously processed to form the circular shape of the annular boss 13 of the cylinder block 1.
  • the outer wall surface, the circular outer wall surface of the annular boss 13 and the cylinder bore 11 of the cylinder block 1 are not coaxial, and its axis is offset in the direction of the first exhaust joint flow hole 15.
  • a first gap is left between the bottom of the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 and the first mounting surface, and the top of the second cylindrical mounting groove 52 is connected to the first mounting surface.
  • a second gap is left between the two mounting surfaces 16. Neither the first gap nor the second gap is less than 0.1 mm, that is, neither direct contact occurs. Therefore, it is ensured that only the bottom of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 of the cylinder head 5 is supported by the cylinder head component 4 and the cylinder seat 1, and there will be no two or more supporting surfaces, and multiple supporting surfaces will cause poor positioning.
  • the single supporting surface can ensure that the cylinder head component 4 obtains sufficient pressing force and ensures the sealing performance of the cylinder. Even after the cylinder head member 4 is tightened by the torque of the cylinder head 5 screws and the cylinder head gasket 40 and the valve plate gasket 47 are compressed and deformed, it can be ensured that no over-positioning phenomenon occurs.
  • the cylinder head 5 and the cylinder seat 1 can be connected and locked by screws, bolts, buckles, etc.
  • the cylinder head 5 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 56 on the periphery of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 and the second cylindrical mounting groove 52, and the cylinder seat 1 is provided with a second connecting hole 17 corresponding to the first connecting hole 56.
  • the cylinder head 5 and the cylinder block 1 are connected by a connecting piece that passes through the first connecting hole 56 and the second connecting hole 17.
  • the connecting piece can be a screw or bolt.
  • part of the hole wall of the at least one first connecting hole 56 bulges toward the inside of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51, and the edge of each cylinder head member 4 is provided with a bulging hole
  • the cylinder head 5 is provided with a flange 57 at one end that fits with the cylinder seat 1, and the first connecting hole 56 is provided on the flange 57.
  • the cylinder head part 4 is embedded in the cylindrical installation groove of the cylinder head 5, and the cylinder head 5 connecting piece is located outside the circular contour of the cylinder head part 4 as a whole.
  • the peripheral structure of the first connecting hole 56 of the cylinder head 5 is strengthened and designed to transmit the force of the connecting member of the cylinder head 5 to the bottom of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51 of the cylinder head 5 to compress the cylinder head component 4, so the cylinder head component 4
  • the relationship with the cylinder head 5 screws that fix the cylinder head 5 is not directly cumulative in the thickness direction.
  • the material thickness of the cylinder head 5 between the cylinder head 5 screws and the cylinder head gasket 40 can be smaller. Therefore, the distance between the screw head of the cylinder head 5 and the first plate surface of the cylinder base 1 can be smaller.
  • the safety distance between the screw head of the cylinder head 5 and the housing is required to be ⁇ 4mm.
  • the screw head of the cylinder head 5 of the embodiment of the present invention is closer to the first plate surface of the cylinder seat 1, and the compressor is in the long axis direction (ie The size of the cylinder bore 11 (axis direction) can be smaller, the compressor structure is more compact, and the cost is lower.
  • the cylinder head part 4 provided with the protrusion 44 will not increase the material usage quota, that is, it will not cause a real investment cost in the production process. Because the cylinder head part 4 is produced by punching and forming from a whole piece of sheet material, the process quota is determined by the smallest square area corresponding to the projected contour. Because the protrusion 44 of the embodiment of the present invention has a sufficiently small external size, the protrusion 44 of the cylinder head part 4 is located at the corner of the square sheet, without adding an additional material quota and reducing production costs.
  • the cylinder head 5 is provided with an exhaust cavity 58 at the bottom of the first cylindrical mounting groove 51, and the exhaust cavity 58 is used to guide the working fluid discharged through the cylinder head component 4 into the second exhaust joint circulation hole 45.
  • the exhaust chamber 58 is provided with a throttle member 59, which includes an obliquely arranged baffle.
  • the throttle member 59 can narrow the flow path of the working fluid and reduce the exhaust pulsation of the working fluid.
  • An exhaust valve plate limiting component 510 is provided in the exhaust cavity 58, and the exhaust valve plate limiting component 510 can limit the stroke of the exhaust valve plate.
  • the cylinder head 5 is provided with a mounting hole 511.
  • the wall of the mounting hole 511 separates the exhaust cavity 58, and also includes a suction muffler 6, which is used for suction
  • the air outlet end of the muffler 6 is set in the mounting hole 511, and is pressed against the cylinder head part 4 by the elastic member 7.
  • the elastic part 7 can press the suction muffler 6 on the cylinder head part 4, and at the same time, ensure that the suction muffler 6 can be closely attached to the cylinder head part 4 under vibration conditions to avoid working fluids. leakage.
  • the outlet end of the suction muffler 6 is provided with a limit block 61, and the cylinder head is provided with a limit slot 514.
  • the limit block 61 is embedded in the limit slot to realize positioning.
  • the elastic component 7 can be a compression spring, a circlip, an elastic pad, etc., referring to FIG. 2.
  • the elastic component 7 includes a circlip.
  • the circlip is formed by bending an elastic sheet, and the circlip has a first clip.
  • the first clamping arm 71, the connecting portion 72 and the second clamping arm 73 are in a shape similar to an M.
  • the connecting portion 72 has a bending and pressing part for pressing the suction muffler 6 .
  • the end of the first clamping arm 71 is reversed outward to form a first clamping wing 74, and the end of the second clamping arm 73 is reversed outward to form a second clamping wing 75.
  • the wall of the mounting hole 511 is provided with two clamping wings.
  • two circlip installation grooves 512 are arranged opposite to each other, and the circlip installation groove 512 is provided with a wing limiting boss 513.
  • the outlet end of the suction muffler 6 is inserted into the mounting hole 511, the circlip is inserted into the circlip mounting groove 512, the first wing 74 and the second wing 75 are swept over the wing limiting boss 513, and the wing The limiting boss 513 is clamped tightly, and the connecting portion 72 presses the suction muffler 6 in the mounting hole 511.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a refrigeration device, including the compressor in any of the above embodiments.
  • the structural features and advantages of the compressor have been detailed above and will not be repeated.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种缸头组件、压缩机和制冷装置，包括汽缸座(1)，设有缸孔(11)和排气消音腔(12)，汽缸座(1)在缸孔(11)的端部设有环形凸台(13)，环形凸台(13)的端面形成第一安装面(14)，第一安装面(14)上设有第一排气节流通孔(15)，第一排气节流通孔(15)与排气消音腔(12)连通，环形凸台(13)的外圆面与缸孔(11)不同轴，且向第一排气节流通孔(15)所在方向偏置；缸头部件(4)，各缸头部件(4)的边缘均设有凸起(44)，凸起(44)上设有对应第一排气节流通孔(15)的第二排气节流通孔(45)；汽缸盖(5)，设有第一圆柱形安装槽(51)和第二圆柱形安装槽(52)。压缩机包括缸头组件，制冷装置包括压缩机。该缸头组件、压缩机和制冷装置既具有圆形缸头的小型化、成本低的优点，也避免了传统圆形缸头设计中从汽缸盖排气的工艺难点，节约材料成本。

Description

缸头组件、压缩机和制冷装置 技术领域
本发明用于压缩机领域，特别是涉及一种缸头组件、压缩机和制冷装置。
背景技术
压缩机的缸头部件包括：汽缸盖、汽缸盖垫片、吸气消音器、阀板部件、吸气阀片、阀板垫片、汽缸盖螺钉等，其中汽缸盖螺钉数量为四颗。汽缸盖、汽缸盖垫片、阀板部件、吸气阀片、阀板垫片外观呈方形设计，在四个角落位置设置汽缸盖螺钉安装孔。对应地，在汽缸座板面(靠近缸孔顶端)设置螺纹孔，四颗汽缸盖螺钉与该螺纹孔进行配合，对缸头部件进行紧固。
由于方形的缸头部件存在诸多缺点，现有技术普遍采用圆形的缸头部件，但是现有技术中的缸头部件依然存在以下不足：
1、排气系统都是从汽缸盖引导出来的，引入分离式排气消音器，导致整体结构零件数量多、工艺复杂、生产成本高昂；
2、缸头部件定位复杂，加工、定位、装配困难，工艺成本高，生产时间长，节拍慢，装配过程容易发生不良位移；
3、缸头部件气密性不佳，而且材料成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一，提供一种缸头组件、压缩机和制冷装置，其既具有圆形缸头的小型化、成本低的优点，也避免了传统圆形缸头设计中从汽缸盖排气的工艺难点，节约材料成本。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
第一方面，缸头组件，包括
汽缸座，设有缸孔和排气消音腔，所述汽缸座在所述缸孔的端部设有环形凸台，所述环形凸台的端面形成第一安装面，所述第一安装面上设有第一排气节流通孔，所述第一排气节流通孔与所述排气消音腔连通，所述环形凸台的外圆面与所述缸孔不同轴，且向所述第一排气节流通孔所在方向偏置；
缸头部件，包括排气阀片、阀板和吸气阀片，各所述缸头部件均呈圆形，各所述缸头部件的边缘均设有凸起，所述凸起上设有对应所述第一排气节流通孔的第二排气节流通孔；及
汽缸盖，设有第一圆柱形安装槽和第二圆柱形安装槽，所述第一圆柱形安装 槽与所述缸孔同轴，所述第二圆柱形安装槽与所述环形凸台的外圆面同轴，所述汽缸盖与所述汽缸座连接并将各所述缸头部件夹紧在所述第一圆柱形安装槽的底部与所述第一安装面之间，所述第二排气节流通孔与所述第一排气节流通孔连通形成排气通路，所述第二圆柱形安装槽与所述环形凸台的外圆面配合。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，各所述缸头部件均能够装配于所述第一圆柱形安装槽中，并与所述第一圆柱形安装槽的圆柱面配合。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一圆柱形安装槽的圆柱面和所述第二圆柱形安装槽的圆柱面内切。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述汽缸盖上设有与所述凸起配合的定位槽；所述汽缸盖上设有定位柱，各所述缸头部件的边缘均设有与所述定位柱配合的第一凹槽；所述定位柱、第一凹槽和内切位置沿所述第一圆柱形安装槽的周向分布。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述汽缸盖上设有定位凸台，所述汽缸座上设有与所述定位凸台配合的凹坑。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述定位凸台位于所述定位柱端部。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述缸头部件还包括汽缸盖垫片和阀板垫片，所述汽缸盖垫片设在汽缸盖和所述排气阀片之间，所述阀板垫片设在所述吸气阀片和所述汽缸座之间。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述汽缸座的端面上于所述环形凸台的外侧形成第二安装面，全部所述缸头部件夹紧后，所述第二圆柱形安装槽的底部与所述第一安装面之间留有第一间隙，所述第二圆柱形安装槽的顶部与所述第二安装面之间留有第二间隙。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一间隙和所述第二间隙均不小于0.1mm。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述汽缸盖上于第一圆柱形安装槽和第二圆柱形安装槽的外围设有多个第一连接孔，所述汽缸座上设有与所述第一连接孔对应的第二连接孔，所述汽缸盖与所述汽缸座通过穿过所述第一连接孔和所述第二连接孔的连接件连接。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，至少一个所述第一连接孔的部分孔壁向所述第一圆柱形安装槽内部隆起，各所述缸头部件的 边缘均设有与隆起的孔壁配合的第二凹槽。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述汽缸盖在与所述汽缸座配合的一端设有突缘，所述第一连接孔设在所述突缘上。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第一安装面上，所述第一排气节流通孔位于所述环形凸台的外圆圆心和所述缸孔圆心的连线延长线上。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一排气节流通孔与环形凸台的外圆面的最小距离不小于2mm，所述第一排气节流通孔与所述缸孔的最小距离不小于2mm。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，各所述缸头部件均采用方形片材冲切成型，所述缸头部件的凸起位于所述方形片材的拐角位置。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述汽缸盖于所述第一圆柱形安装槽的底部设有排气腔，所述排气腔中设有节流部件和排气阀片限位部件。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述汽缸盖上设有安装孔，还包括吸气消音器，所述吸气消音器的出气端设在所述安装孔中，并通过弹性部件压紧在所述缸头部件上。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述弹性部件包括卡簧，所述卡簧采用弹性片材弯折形成，所述卡簧具有第一卡臂、连接部和第二卡臂，所述第一卡臂的端部反向外翻形成第一卡翼，所述第二卡臂的端部反向外翻形成第二卡翼，所述安装孔的孔壁上设有卡簧安装槽，所述卡簧安装槽中设有卡翼限位凸台，所述卡簧嵌入所述卡簧安装槽，并通过所述第一卡翼和第二卡翼与所述卡翼限位凸台卡紧，所述连接部压紧安装孔中的吸气消音器。
结合第一方面和上述实现方式，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述连接部具有压紧所述吸气消音器的弯折压紧部位。
第二方面，压缩机，包括第一方面任一实现方式所述的缸头组件。
第三方面，制冷装置，包括第二方面所述的压缩机。
上述技术方案中的一个技术方案至少具有如下优点或有益效果之一：
1.缸头部件为圆形设计，节约缸头部件整体尺寸，降低重量，降低成本；
2.缸头部件上的第二排气节流通孔、环形凸台的第一排气节流通孔、汽缸 座上的排气消音腔连通形成排气通路，摒弃现有技术中排气系统由汽缸盖引导出来再引入分离式排气消音器的技术方案，整体结构零件数量更少、工艺更加简单、生产成本更低；
3.环形凸台的外圆面与缸孔、第一圆柱形安装槽与第二圆柱形安装槽均采用不同轴的结构设计，其能够在保证排气通路具有良好密封的同时，也大大节省了汽缸座、汽缸盖等的材料用量，大大降低生产成本。此外，不同轴的结构形式，也对装配线操作起到防呆功能。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
图1是本发明压缩机的一个实施例结构示意图；
图2是本发明压缩机缸头组件的一个实施例结构爆炸图；
图3是图2所示的一个实施例的汽缸座结构示意图；
图4是图2所示的一个实施例的环形凸台的外圆面与缸孔不同轴示意图；
图5是图2所示的一个实施例的一缸头部件通过方形片材成型结构示意图；
图6是图2所示的一个实施例的汽缸盖内部结构示意图；
图7是图2所示的一个实施例的缸头部件设在汽缸盖内结构示意图；
图8是图2所示的一个实施例的汽缸盖、汽缸座连接后结构示意图；
图9是图8中A处局部放大图；
图10是图2所示的一个实施例的汽缸盖和安装孔结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本部分将详细描述本发明的具体实施例，本发明之较佳实施例在附图中示出，附图的作用在于用图形补充说明书文字部分的描述，使人能够直观地、形象地理解本发明的每个技术特征和整体技术方案，但其不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
本发明中，如果有描述到方向(上、下、左、右、前及后)时，其仅是为了便于描述本发明的技术方案，而不是指示或暗示所指的技术特征必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
本发明中，“若干”的含义是一个或者多个，“多个”的含义是两个以上，“大于”“小于”“超过”等理解为不包括本数；“以上”“以下”“以内”等理解为包括本数。在本发明的描述中，如果有描述到“第一”“第二”仅用于区分技术特征为目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征 的数量或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的先后关系。
本发明中，除非另有明确的限定，“设置”“安装”“连接”等词语应做广义理解，例如，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连；可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，还可以是一体成型；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或能够互相通讯；可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明的实施例提供了一种压缩机，特别是一种往复式压缩机，参见图1，往复式压缩机包括缸头组件、驱动组件2和机壳3，缸头组件、驱动组件2均设在机壳3内，机壳3上设有排气管31和吸气管32，往复式压缩机工作时，不断将工质由吸气管32吸入，经过压缩后由排气管31排出。其中，缸头组件包括汽缸座1、缸头部件4和汽缸盖5，汽缸座1上设有缸孔11，驱动组件2包括电机、曲轴、连杆、活塞，工作时，电机驱动曲轴转动，曲轴的偏心部带动连杆运动，连杆带动活塞在汽缸座1的缸孔11中往复运动，其间，通过缸头组件控制工质进出，实现制冷剂的压缩。
参见图2、图3，汽缸座1设有缸孔11和排气消音腔12，排气消音腔12在汽缸座1上铸造形成，汽缸座1在缸孔11的端部设有环形凸台13，环形凸台13的端面形成第一安装面14，用于与各缸头部件4紧密配合，第一安装面14上设有第一排气节流通孔15，第一排气节流通孔15与排气消音腔12连通。本发明的实施例通过排气消音腔12代替外接的排气消音器，结构简单，工艺成本更低。
参见图3，环形凸台13的外圆面与缸孔11不同轴，且向第一排气节流通孔15所在方向偏置，使得环形凸台13在第一排气节流通孔15所在的一侧具有更大的接触面，用于与缸头部件4贴合，保证密封，确保排气过程中，第一排气节流通孔15周边不会发生泄漏。同时，环形凸台13在远离第一排气节流通孔15所在的一侧具有更窄的厚度，从而大大节省了汽缸座1的材料用量，大大降低生产成本。参见图4，相对于同轴的结构设计，本发明的实施例能够节省斜线阴影区域的材料定额。
缸头部件4用于控制压缩机工作时工质的流向，参见图2，缸头部件4包括排气阀片41、阀板42和吸气阀片43，阀板42上设有吸气孔和排气孔，排气阀片41贴合在阀板42外侧，排气阀片41上设有对应排气孔的排气阀瓣和对应吸气孔的吸气避让孔。吸气阀片43贴合在阀板42内侧，吸气阀片43上设有对应 吸气孔的吸气阀瓣和对应排气孔的排气避让孔。在一些实施例中，缸头部件4还包括汽缸盖垫片40和阀板垫片47，汽缸盖垫片40设在汽缸盖5和排气阀片41之间，阀板垫片47设在吸气阀片43和汽缸座1之间。
参见图2、图5，各缸头部件4均呈圆形，通过采用圆形设计，能够节约缸头部件4整体尺寸，降低重量，降低成本。各缸头部件4的边缘均设有凸起44，凸起44上设有对应第一排气节流通孔15的第二排气节流通孔45，各缸头部件4堆叠，各缸头部件4的第二排气节流通孔45依次对接形成能够供工质流过的孔道。凸起44可以设置为圆形、椭圆形、方形、异形等，凸起44能够使各缸头部件4的第二排气节流通孔45周围保留足够的密封宽度，确保排气过程中，第二排气节流通孔45周边不会发生泄漏。
参见图2、图6，汽缸盖5设有第一圆柱形安装槽51和第二圆柱形安装槽52，第一圆柱形安装槽51的直径小于第二圆柱形安装槽52的直径，第一圆柱形安装槽51与缸孔11同轴，用于将各缸头部件4夹紧在第一缸孔11端部。第二圆柱形安装槽52与环形凸台13的外圆面同轴，汽缸盖5与汽缸座1连接后，第二圆柱形安装槽52与环形凸台13的外圆面配合，进行安装定位。汽缸盖5与汽缸座1连接并将各缸头部件4夹紧在第一圆柱形安装槽51的底部与第一安装面14之间，第二排气节流通孔45与第一排气节流通孔15连通形成排气通路。第一圆柱形安装槽51与第二圆柱形安装槽52均采用不同轴的结构设计，其能够大大节省了汽缸盖5的材料用量，大大降低生产成本。此外，不同轴的结构形式，也对装配线操作起到防呆功能，方便汽缸盖5与汽缸座1快速、准确实现对接配合，工艺更加简单、生产成本更低。
在一些实施例中，参见图7，各缸头部件4均能够装配于第一圆柱形安装槽51中，并与第一圆柱形安装槽51的圆柱面配合。装配时，定位装配汽缸盖垫片40、排气阀片41、阀板42，即汽缸盖垫片40、排气阀片41、阀板42的圆柱形外圆直接装入到第一圆柱形安装槽51的圆柱面中，形成径向定位。同时设置中心偏置的第二圆柱形安装槽52，定位装配吸气阀片43和阀板垫片47，再将第二圆柱形安装槽52与汽缸座1环形凸台13的圆形外壁面进行安装定位。缸头部件4完成装配后，用螺钉等连接件将汽缸盖5紧固于汽缸座1上，密封缸孔11。装配过程更加有序，定位精度更高。
为了使材料定额节约最大化，参见图6、图7，第一圆柱形安装槽51的圆柱面和第二圆柱形安装槽52的圆柱面内切，即采用第二圆柱形安装槽52与第一圆 柱形安装槽51相切的方式，是几何上最节省材料的方案。可以理解的是，第一圆柱形安装槽51的圆柱面和第二圆柱形安装槽52的圆柱面介于同轴和相切的结构设计均能够节省材料。
在一些实施例中，参见图4，在第一安装面14上，第一排气节流通孔15位于环形凸台13的外圆圆心和缸孔11圆心的连线延长线上，此时，第一排气节流通孔15位于环形凸台13的最宽位置。为了保证良好的接触密封，第一排气节流通孔15与环形凸台13的外圆面的最小距离不小于2mm，第一排气节流通孔15与缸孔11的最小距离不小于2mm。通过保留足够的密封宽度，确保排气过程中，第二排气节流通孔45周边不会发生泄漏。
进一步的，参见图7，汽缸盖5上设有定位槽53，定位槽53沿第一圆柱形安装槽51的深度方向设置，缸头部件4的凸起44与定位槽53咬合，形成定位缸头部件4的第一定位点；汽缸盖5上设有定位柱54，定位柱54沿第一圆柱形安装槽51的深度方向设置，参见图5，各缸头部件4的边缘均设有第一凹槽46，第一凹槽46与定位柱54咬合，形成定位缸头部件4的第二定位点；第一圆柱形安装槽51的圆柱面和第二圆柱形安装槽52的圆柱面内切的位置形成定位缸头部件4的第三定位点，定位柱54、第一凹槽46和内切位置沿第一圆柱形安装槽51的周向分布，并间隔一定距离。通过上述第一定位点、第二定位点、第三定位点共同作用，保证了缸头部件4安装定位的准确性，特别是保证不能被第一圆柱形安装槽51定位的吸气阀片43和阀板垫片47的安装定位准确性，确保缸头部件4的吸排气功能正常运行。
在一些实施例中，参见图3、图6，汽缸盖5上设有定位凸台55，汽缸座1上设有凹坑10，汽缸盖5与汽缸座1连接后，定位凸台55嵌入凹坑实现快速装配，并起到定位作用，其中，定位凸台55具有圆顶，以能够引导定位凸台55快速与凹坑配合。
进一步的，定位凸台55与定位柱54可分离或对接，例如在图6所示的实施例中，定位凸台55位于定位柱54端部，定位凸台55与定位柱54同一位置，刚方便汽缸盖5成型模具的设计和成型，而且，定位凸台55的设置也为缸头部件4提供引导作用，使得缸头部件4在第一圆柱形安装槽51的装配更加便捷，起到防呆作用。
参见图3，汽缸座1的端面上于环形凸台13的外侧形成第二安装面16，第二安装面16由铣刀加工形成，铣刀同时加工形成汽缸座1环形凸台13的圆形外 壁面，环形凸台13的圆形外壁面与汽缸座1的缸孔11不同轴，其轴心往第一排气节流通孔15所在方向偏置。
参见图8、图9，全部缸头部件4夹紧后，第二圆柱形安装槽52的底部与第一安装面之间留有第一间隙，第二圆柱形安装槽52的顶部与第二安装面16之间留有第二间隙。第一间隙和第二间隙均不小于0.1mm，即均不发生直接接触。因此，保证了汽缸盖5只有第一圆柱形安装槽51的底部被缸头部件4和汽缸座1支撑，不会出现两个或多个支撑面，多支撑面会形成过定位的不良现象，单支撑面可以保证缸头部件4获得足够的压紧力，确保气缸的密封性能。即使在缸头部件4受到汽缸盖5螺钉的力矩紧固、汽缸盖垫片40和阀板垫片47发生压缩变形后，也能确保不会出现过定位现象。
汽缸盖5与汽缸座1可采用螺钉、螺栓、卡扣等连接锁紧。参见图2、图3、图6，在一些实施例中，汽缸盖5上于第一圆柱形安装槽51和第二圆柱形安装槽52的外围设有多个第一连接孔56，汽缸座1上设有与第一连接孔56对应的第二连接孔17，汽缸盖5与汽缸座1通过穿过第一连接孔56和第二连接孔17的连接件连接，连接件可采用螺钉或螺栓。圆形缸头部件4完成装配后，用多颗连接件将汽缸盖5紧固于汽缸座1上，密封缸孔11。多颗连接件分布在汽缸盖5的外围，能够为缸头部件4提供更加均匀的压紧力，密封效果更好，避免工质泄漏。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，参见图7，至少一个第一连接孔56的部分孔壁向第一圆柱形安装槽51内部隆起，各缸头部件4的边缘均设有与隆起的孔壁配合的第二凹槽48，即缸头部件4的第二凹槽48与隆起的孔壁咬合，形成第四定位点。通过上述第一定位点、第二定位点、第三定位点、第四定位点共同作用，保证了缸头部件4安装定位的准确性，特别是保证不能被第一圆柱形安装槽51定位的吸气阀片43和阀板垫片47的安装定位准确性，确保缸头部件4的吸排气功能正常运行。
汽缸盖5在与汽缸座1配合的一端设有突缘57，第一连接孔56设在突缘57上。缸头部件4嵌入汽缸盖5的圆柱形安装槽中，汽缸盖5连接件整体位于缸头部件4圆形轮廓之外。汽缸盖5的第一连接孔56周边结构强化设计，传递汽缸盖5连接件作用力到汽缸盖5的第一圆柱形安装槽51底部将缸头部件4压紧，因此缸头部件4与固定汽缸盖5的汽缸盖5螺钉之间在厚度方向上不是直接累加的关系。因此汽缸盖5螺钉与汽缸盖垫片40之间的汽缸盖5材料厚度可以更小。 因此汽缸盖5螺钉头部可以距离汽缸座1第一板面距离更小。汽缸盖5螺钉头部与壳体之间有安全距离≥4mm的要求，本发明的实施例的汽缸盖5螺钉头部更加靠近汽缸座1第一板面，则压缩机在长轴方向(即缸孔11轴线方向)可以做的尺寸更小，压缩机结构更紧凑，成本更低。
参见图5，设置凸起44的缸头部件4，并不会增加材料使用定额，即不会在生产过程中形成真正的投入成本。因为缸头部件4生产时，是由整块片材冲切成型，其工艺定额由投影轮廓对应的最小方形区域决定。本发明的实施例的凸起44，因为具有足够小的外形尺寸，因此缸头部件4的凸起44位于方形片材的拐角位置，不增加额外的材料定额，降低生产成本。
参见图6，汽缸盖5于第一圆柱形安装槽51的底部设有排气腔58，排气腔58用于将经过缸头部件4排出的工质引导进入第二排气节流通孔45。排气腔58中设有节流部件59，节流部件59包括倾斜设置的挡板，节流部件59能够缩小工质的通流路径，降低工质的排气脉动。排气腔58中设有排气阀片限位部件510，排气阀片限位部件510能够限制排气阀瓣的行程。
在一些实施例中，参见图2、图6、图10，汽缸盖5上设有安装孔511，安装孔511的孔壁将排气腔58隔开，还包括吸气消音器6，吸气消音器6的出气端设在安装孔511中，并通过弹性部件7压紧在缸头部件4上，压缩机工作时，工质由吸气管32进入吸气消音器6，经过消音降噪后，进入缸孔11。弹性部件7能够为将吸气消音器6压紧在缸头部件4上，同时，保证在振动的工况下，吸气消音器6能够与缸头部件4紧密贴合，避免工质泄漏。
参见图2，吸气消音器6的出气端设有限位块61，汽缸盖上设有限位槽514，吸气消音器6装配后，限位块61嵌入限位槽实现定位。
其中，弹性部件7可采用压簧、卡簧、弹性垫等，参见图2，在一些实施例中，弹性部件7包括卡簧，卡簧采用弹性片材弯折形成，卡簧具有第一卡臂71、连接部72和第二卡臂73，第一卡臂71、连接部72和第二卡臂73呈类似M形状，连接部72具有压紧吸气消音器6的弯折压紧部位。第一卡臂71的端部反向外翻形成第一卡翼74，第二卡臂73的端部反向外翻形成第二卡翼75，安装孔511的孔壁上设有两个卡簧安装槽512，两个卡簧安装槽512正对设置，卡簧安装槽512中设有卡翼限位凸台513。装配时，吸气消音器6的出气端嵌入安装孔511，卡簧嵌入卡簧安装槽512，第一卡翼74和第二卡翼75掠过卡翼限位凸台513后，与卡翼限位凸台513卡紧，连接部72压紧安装孔511中的吸气消音器6。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种制冷装置，包括以上任一实施例中的压缩机。压缩机的结构特点和优势已在上文中详述，不再赘述。
当然，本发明创造并不局限于上述实施方式，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可作出等同变形或替换，这些等同的变型或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。

Claims (21)

  1. 缸头组件，其特征在于：包括
    汽缸座，设有缸孔和排气消音腔，所述汽缸座在所述缸孔的端部设有环形凸台，所述环形凸台的端面形成第一安装面，所述第一安装面上设有第一排气节流通孔，所述第一排气节流通孔与所述排气消音腔连通，所述环形凸台的外圆面与所述缸孔不同轴，且向所述第一排气节流通孔所在方向偏置；
    缸头部件，包括排气阀片、阀板和吸气阀片，各所述缸头部件均呈圆形，各所述缸头部件的边缘均设有凸起，所述凸起上设有对应所述第一排气节流通孔的第二排气节流通孔；及
    汽缸盖，设有第一圆柱形安装槽和第二圆柱形安装槽，所述第一圆柱形安装槽与所述缸孔同轴，所述第二圆柱形安装槽与所述环形凸台的外圆面同轴，所述汽缸盖与所述汽缸座连接并将各所述缸头部件夹紧在所述第一圆柱形安装槽的底部与所述第一安装面之间，所述第二排气节流通孔与所述第一排气节流通孔连通形成排气通路，所述第二圆柱形安装槽与所述环形凸台的外圆面配合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：各所述缸头部件均能够装配于所述第一圆柱形安装槽中，并与所述第一圆柱形安装槽的圆柱面配合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述第一圆柱形安装槽的圆柱面和所述第二圆柱形安装槽的圆柱面内切。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述汽缸盖上设有与所述凸起配合的定位槽；所述汽缸盖上设有定位柱，各所述缸头部件的边缘均设有与所述定位柱配合的第一凹槽；所述定位柱、第一凹槽和内切位置沿所述第一圆柱形安装槽的周向分布。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述汽缸盖上设有定位凸台，所述汽缸座上设有与所述定位凸台配合的凹坑。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述定位凸台位于所述定位柱端部。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述缸头部件还包括汽缸盖垫片和阀板垫片，所述汽缸盖垫片设在汽缸盖和所述排气阀片之间，所述阀板垫片设在所述吸气阀片和所述汽缸座之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1～7中任一项所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述汽缸座的端面上于所述环形凸台的外侧形成第二安装面，全部所述缸头部件夹紧后，所 述第二圆柱形安装槽的底部与所述第一安装面之间留有第一间隙，所述第二圆柱形安装槽的顶部与所述第二安装面之间留有第二间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述第一间隙和所述第二间隙均不小于0.1mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述汽缸盖上于第一圆柱形安装槽和第二圆柱形安装槽的外围设有多个第一连接孔，所述汽缸座上设有与所述第一连接孔对应的第二连接孔，所述汽缸盖与所述汽缸座通过穿过所述第一连接孔和所述第二连接孔的连接件连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：至少一个所述第一连接孔的部分孔壁向所述第一圆柱形安装槽内部隆起，各所述缸头部件的边缘均设有与隆起的孔壁配合的第二凹槽。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述汽缸盖在与所述汽缸座配合的一端设有突缘，所述第一连接孔设在所述突缘上。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：在所述第一安装面上，所述第一排气节流通孔位于所述环形凸台的外圆圆心和所述缸孔圆心的连线延长线上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述第一排气节流通孔与环形凸台的外圆面的最小距离不小于2mm，所述第一排气节流通孔与所述缸孔的最小距离不小于2mm。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：各所述缸头部件均采用方形片材冲切成型，所述缸头部件的凸起位于所述方形片材的拐角位置。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述汽缸盖于所述第一圆柱形安装槽的底部设有排气腔，所述排气腔中设有节流部件和排气阀片限位部件。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述汽缸盖上设有安装孔，还包括吸气消音器，所述吸气消音器的出气端设在所述安装孔中，并通过弹性部件压紧在所述缸头部件上。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述弹性部件包括卡簧，所述卡簧采用弹性片材弯折形成，所述卡簧具有第一卡臂、连接部和第二卡臂，所述第一卡臂的端部反向外翻形成第一卡翼，所述第二卡臂的端部反向外翻形成第二卡翼，所述安装孔的孔壁上设有卡簧安装槽，所述卡簧安装槽 中设有卡翼限位凸台，所述卡簧嵌入所述卡簧安装槽，并通过所述第一卡翼和第二卡翼与所述卡翼限位凸台卡紧，所述连接部压紧安装孔中的吸气消音器。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的缸头组件，其特征在于：所述连接部具有压紧所述吸气消音器的弯折压紧部位。
  20. 压缩机，其特征在于：包括权利要求1～19中任一项所述的缸头组件。
  21. 制冷装置，其特征在于：包括权利要求20所述的压缩机。
PCT/CN2020/079234 2019-09-23 2020-03-13 缸头组件、压缩机和制冷装置 WO2021056979A1 (zh)

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