WO2021033711A1 - ハブユニット軸受及びその製造方法、揺動かしめ装置、車両及びその製造方法 - Google Patents

ハブユニット軸受及びその製造方法、揺動かしめ装置、車両及びその製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021033711A1
WO2021033711A1 PCT/JP2020/031245 JP2020031245W WO2021033711A1 WO 2021033711 A1 WO2021033711 A1 WO 2021033711A1 JP 2020031245 W JP2020031245 W JP 2020031245W WO 2021033711 A1 WO2021033711 A1 WO 2021033711A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hub
axial direction
hub element
unit bearing
inner ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/031245
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
信行 萩原
尊慈 劉
Original Assignee
日本精工株式会社
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Application filed by 日本精工株式会社 filed Critical 日本精工株式会社
Publication of WO2021033711A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021033711A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/05—Making machine elements cages for bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/02—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction 

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hub unit bearing for rotatably supporting the wheels of a vehicle such as an automobile with respect to a suspension device and a method for manufacturing the hub unit bearing, a rocking caulking device used for carrying out the manufacturing method, and a vehicle and the vehicle thereof. Regarding the manufacturing method.
  • a hub which is an inner ring member, is usually formed by combining a plurality of parts including a first hub element and a second hub element externally fitted to the first hub element. Further, in order to reduce the number of parts constituting the hub, a structure in which the first hub element and the second hub element are connected by a caulking portion without using separate parts such as bolts and nuts has become widespread.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of a hub formed by connecting a first hub element and a second hub element by a caulking portion.
  • the hub 100 includes a first hub element 101 having a fitting shaft portion 102 and a tubular second hub element 103.
  • the first hub element 101 further has a crimped portion 105 formed by plastically deforming a cylindrical portion 104 extending from one axially unilateral end of the mating shaft 102 to one axially outward. Then, the first hub element 101 and the second hub element 103 are coupled by pressing the side surface of the second hub element 103 on one side in the axial direction by the caulking portion 105.
  • a swinging caulking apparatus 106 provided with a stamp 107 as shown in FIG. 16 is known (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-162338 (Patent). 1), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-153247 (Patent Document 2).
  • the stamp 107 has a rotation axis L inclined by an angle ⁇ with respect to the reference axis C, and has a machined surface portion having an arcuate concave portion formed in an annular shape around the rotation axis L at the lower end portion. Has 108.
  • the stamping die 107 When forming the caulking portion 105, the stamping die 107 is pressed while pressing the machined surface portion 108 of the stamping die 107 against the cylindrical portion 104 of the second hub element 103 with the central axis of the hub 100 aligned with the reference axis C. By rotating the hub 100 around the central axis C, the cylindrical portion 104 is processed into the crimped portion 105. That is, a machining force is applied from the machined surface portion 108 of the stamping die 107 to a part of the cylindrical portion 104 in the circumferential direction, which is directed downward in the vertical direction and outward in the radial direction.
  • the position where the processing force is applied is continuously changed with respect to the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 104 with the rotation of the stamp 107 about the central axis C of the hub 100.
  • the caulking portion 105 is formed by plastically deforming the cylindrical portion 104 outward in the radial direction.
  • the swing crimping device 106 as described above has room for improvement in terms of reducing the manufacturing cost of the hub unit bearing. That is, in the illustrated rocking caulking device 106, the machined surface portion 108 of the stamp 107 is formed by forming a concave portion having an arc-shaped cross section in an annular shape about the rotation axis L, and the shape is complicated. Therefore, the processing cost of the processed surface portion 108 becomes high, and the stamp 107 tends to be expensive. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the hub unit bearing tends to increase accordingly.
  • an object of the present invention is to realize a method for manufacturing a hub unit bearing in which the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
  • the hub unit bearing to be manufactured according to the present invention includes an outer ring having a double row of outer ring races on the inner peripheral surface, a hub having a double row of inner ring races on the outer peripheral surface, the double row outer ring raceway, and the double row.
  • a plurality of rolling elements arranged in each row are provided between the inner ring orbits.
  • the hub is formed by coupling and fixing at least the first hub element and the second hub element.
  • the first hub element is fitted on the outer peripheral surface with a base having one inner ring orbit of the double-row inner ring orbits and an end extending from one end of the base in the axial direction toward one side in the axial direction. It is equipped with a shaft portion.
  • the second hub element is externally fitted to the fitting shaft portion, has an inner ring track of the other of the inner ring races of the double row on the outer peripheral surface, and has a side surface on one side in the axial direction. It has a restrained surface that is inclined in the direction toward one side in the axial direction toward the outer side in the radial direction.
  • the second hub element is externally fitted to the fitting shaft portion, and the fitting shaft portion is directed from one end in the axial direction to one side in the axial direction.
  • the end face of the extending cylindrical portion on one side in the axial direction is provided with a stamp that freely supports rotation around the rotation axis inclined with respect to the central axis of the first hub element.
  • the cylindrical portion is axially rotated by rotating the stamping die around the central axis of the first hub element while pressing a part in the circumferential direction of the convex curved surface portion having the linear bus that is inclined.
  • the first hub element and the second hub element are coupled and fixed by squeezing the surface to form a crimped portion and pressing the pressed surface by the crimped portion.
  • the cylindrical portion and the cylindrical portion in the step of coupling and fixing the first hub element and the second hub element, in a virtual plane including the central axis of the first hub element and the rotation axis.
  • the contact portion with the machined surface portion exists on a straight line orthogonal to the central axis of the first hub element.
  • the apex of the virtual cone surface including the machined surface portion is the central axis of the first hub element and the rotation axis. It exists at the intersection with.
  • a test for investigating the relationship between the inclination angle of the rotation axis with respect to the central axis of the first hub element and the shape of the side surface of the crimped portion on the other side in the axial direction is performed, and based on the result of the test. Therefore, the inclination angle capable of forming the side surface of the caulking portion on the other side in the axial direction along the restrained surface is obtained, and the obtained inclination angle is adopted to obtain the first hub element and the second hub element.
  • the step of coupling and fixing with the hub element is performed.
  • the meat of the cylindrical portion is radially inward along the processed surface portion due to the stepped surface portion existing on the outer peripheral surface of the stamping die, which is adjacent to the radially inner side of the processed surface portion.
  • the step of coupling and fixing the first hub element and the second hub element is performed while suppressing the flow.
  • the second hub element further has a rotary flange protruding radially outward from a portion located on one side in the axial direction with respect to the other inner ring track.
  • the second hub element is externally fitted to the fitting shaft portion without having a tightening allowance.
  • the anti-rotation engaging portion includes a first face spline provided on one end surface of the base portion of the first hub element in the axial direction and the other side in the axial direction of the second hub element. It is configured by engaging with a second face spline provided on the end face of the.
  • an engaging slit formed in the caulked portion of the first hub element and an engaging convex portion provided on the second hub element are engaged with each other. It is composed by doing.
  • the anti-rotation engaging portion includes an engaging convex portion that protrudes radially outward from one end of the fitting shaft portion of the first hub element in the axial direction, and the first hub element. 2 It is configured by engaging with an engaging recess provided in the hub element.
  • the first hub element further has a rotary flange protruding radially outward from a portion located on the other side in the axial direction with respect to the one inner ring track.
  • the rocking caulking device of the present invention is freely supported by a reference axis arranged coaxially with the central axis of the first hub element and a rotation axis inclined with respect to the reference axis, and the reference. It is a convex curved surface that can rotate around an axis and has a linear generatrix that is inclined with respect to the rotation axis, and a part of the circumferential direction is the end face on one side of the cylindrical portion in the axial direction. It is provided with a stamp having a machined surface portion for pressing against.
  • the apex of the virtual cone surface including the machined surface portion exists at the intersection of the central axis of the first hub element and the rotation axis.
  • the stamping die further has a stepped surface portion on the outer peripheral surface adjacent to the radially inner side of the processed surface portion.
  • the machined surface portion is a turning surface
  • the vehicle to be manufactured according to the present invention includes a hub unit bearing.
  • the vehicle manufacturing method of the present invention manufactures the hub unit bearing by the hub unit bearing manufacturing method of the present invention.
  • the hub unit bearing of the present invention includes an outer ring having a double-row outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, a hub having a double-row inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and the double-row outer ring raceway and the double-row inner ring raceway. In between, a plurality of rolling elements arranged in each row are provided.
  • the hub is formed by coupling and fixing at least the first hub element and the second hub element.
  • the first hub element is fitted on the outer peripheral surface with a base having one inner ring orbit of the double-row inner ring orbits and an end extending from one end of the base in the axial direction toward one side in the axial direction. It is equipped with a shaft portion.
  • the second hub element is fitted onto the fitting shaft portion, has an inner ring track of the other of the double-row inner ring race tracks on the outer peripheral surface, and is covered on one side surface in the axial direction. Has a holding surface.
  • the first hub element further includes an annular axial one-sided end adjacent to one axial side of the mating shaft, and the axial one-sided end projects radially outward. In addition, it has a crimped portion that holds down the pressed surface, and an inward flange portion that is located on the inner diameter side of the crimped portion and projects inward in the radial direction.
  • one axial direction of the axial one side end of the first hub element including one axial end of each of the crimped portion and the inward flange portion.
  • the end surface on the side is a flat surface orthogonal to the central axis of the first hub element.
  • the vehicle of the present invention includes hub unit bearings.
  • the hub unit bearing is the hub unit bearing of the present invention.
  • the die can be manufactured at a low cost, the manufacturing cost of the hub unit bearing can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the hub unit bearing of the first example of the embodiment is assembled to a vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a half-cut perspective view of the hub ring of the first example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the start of processing for forming a crimped portion with respect to the first example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the end of processing for forming a crimped portion with respect to the first example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a test assembly set in the rocking caulking device with respect to the first example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 (A) to 6 (D) are partial plan views in which the upper half portion shows the contact portion S of the stamp with respect to the test piece, and the lower half portion is the plastic working region V and the crimped portion of the test piece. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the shape.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a hub unit bearing to be manufactured according to the second example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the start of processing for forming the crimped portion with respect to the second example of the embodiment, and FIG. 8 (B) is for forming the crimped portion. It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the end of processing.
  • FIG. 8 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the start of processing for forming the crimped portion with respect to the second example of the embodiment
  • FIG. 8 (B) is for forming the crimped portion. It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the end of processing.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a hub unit bearing to be manufactured according to the third example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a hub unit bearing showing a state immediately before processing for forming a crimped portion with respect to the third example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a hub unit bearing to be manufactured according to the fourth example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the end of processing for forming a crimped portion with respect to the fourth example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the end of processing for forming the crimped portion with respect to the fifth example of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of a conventional structure of a hub unit bearing.
  • FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state in which a crimped portion is formed by a conventional method.
  • FIG. 1 shows the hub unit bearing 1 to be manufactured in this example.
  • the hub unit bearing 1 is for a driven wheel, and includes an outer ring 2, a hub 3, and a plurality of rolling elements 4a and 4b.
  • the outside in the axial direction is the left side in the width direction of the vehicle when assembled to the vehicle, and the inside in the axial direction is the center in the width direction of the vehicle when assembled to the vehicle. It is the right side of FIG. 1 on the side.
  • the outer side in the axial direction corresponds to one side in the axial direction
  • the inner side in the axial direction corresponds to the other side in the axial direction.
  • the outer ring 2 is made of a hard metal such as medium carbon steel, and includes a double-row outer ring track 5a and 5b and a stationary flange 6.
  • the double-row outer ring tracks 5a and 5b are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the axially intermediate portion of the outer ring 2, and are conical concave surfaces inclined in a direction in which the diameter increases toward a direction away from each other in the axial direction.
  • the stationary flange 6 projects radially outward from the axial intermediate portion of the outer ring 2, and has support holes 7 which are screw holes at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction.
  • the outer ring 2 is supported and fixed to the knuckle 8 by screwing and tightening the bolt 10 through which the through hole 9 of the knuckle 8 constituting the suspension device of the vehicle is inserted into the support hole 7 of the stationary flange 6 from the inside in the axial direction. ing.
  • the hub 3 is arranged coaxially with the outer ring 2 on the inner side in the radial direction of the outer ring 2, and includes a double-row inner ring tracks 11a and 11b, a rotary flange 12, and a pilot portion 13.
  • the double-row inner ring raceways 11a and 11b are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the hub 3 facing the double-row outer ring raceways 5a and 5b, and the diameter increases as they are separated from each other in the axial direction. It is a conical convex surface that is inclined to.
  • the rotary flange 12 projects radially outward from the axially outer portion of the hub 3 located on the axially outer side of the outer ring 2, and has mounting holes 14 at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction.
  • the pilot portion 13 is a cylindrical portion of the axially outer portion of the hub 3 that extends outward in the axial direction from a portion adjacent to the radial inner side of the rotary flange 12.
  • the braking rotating body 15 such as a disc or a drum to the rotating flange 12
  • the braking rotating body 15 is fitted on the inner side in the axial direction of the pilot portion 13 and studded.
  • the serration portion provided near the base end of 16 is press-fitted into the mounting hole 14, and the intermediate portion of the stud 16 is press-fitted into the through hole 17 of the braking rotating body 15.
  • the male screw portion provided at the tip portion of the stud 16 is attached to the wheel in a state where the wheel 18 is externally fitted to the axially outer portion of the pilot portion 13.
  • the nut 20 is screwed into the male threaded portion and tightened while being inserted into the through hole 19 of 18.
  • the rolling elements 4a and 4b are each made of hard metal such as bearing steel or ceramics, and a plurality of rolling elements 4a and 4b are arranged in each row between the double-row outer ring races 5a and 5b and the double-row inner ring races 11a and 11b. Has been done. Further, the rolling elements 4a and 4b are rotatably held by the cages 21a and 21b for each row. In this example, each of the rolling elements 4a and 4b is a tapered roller.
  • the hub 3 is formed by combining a shaft member 23 corresponding to the first hub element and a hub wheel 22 corresponding to the second hub element, each of which is made of a hard metal such as medium carbon steel.
  • the hub ring 22 has a tubular shape, has an inner ring track 11a on the outer peripheral surface of the inner side in the axial direction, and has an inner ring track 11a on the outer side in the axial direction among the inner ring race tracks 11a and 11b in the double row. And has a pilot unit 13. That is, the hub ring 22 corresponding to the second hub element protrudes outward in the radial direction from the portion located on the lateral side in the axial direction, which is one side in the axial direction from the inner ring track 11a on the outer side in the axial direction corresponding to the other inner ring raceway. It has a rotating flange 12.
  • the hub wheel 22 includes a central hole 24 that axially penetrates the axially intermediate portion and the inner portion of the hub wheel 22 in the radial direction.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the central hole 24 is a cylindrical surface whose inner diameter does not change in the axial direction.
  • the hub ring 22 is a portion of the outer surface in the axial direction that is located radially inside the pilot portion 13 and connects the inner peripheral surface of the pilot portion 13 and the inner peripheral surface of the central hole 24.
  • the inclined surface portion 25 is inclined in the direction toward the outer side in the axial direction toward the outer side in the radial direction.
  • the inclined surface portion 25 is a conical concave surface having a linear generatrix, but may be a concave curved surface having a substantially arc-shaped generatrix.
  • the hub ring 22 has a second face spline 27 which is an uneven portion in the circumferential direction on the end surface 26 on the inner side in the axial direction.
  • the shaft member 23 has a tubular base portion 28 having an inner ring race track 11b on the outer peripheral surface of the double rows of inner ring race tracks 11a and 11b in the axial direction, and extends outward in the axial direction from the radial inner portion of the base portion 28. It has a cylindrical fitting shaft portion 29.
  • the fitting shaft portion 29 has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the central hole 24 of the hub ring 22.
  • the shaft member 23 is a concave-convex portion in the circumferential direction on the stepped surface 30 connecting the outer peripheral surface of the base portion 28 and the outer peripheral surface of the fitting shaft portion 29, which is the end surface on the outer side in the axial direction of the base portion 28. It has one face spline 31.
  • the first face spline 31 can mesh with the second face spline 27 without rattling in the circumferential direction.
  • the hub wheel 22 and the shaft member 23 are formed by inserting the fitting shaft portion 29 of the shaft member 23 into the central hole 24 of the hub ring 22 so that the hub wheel 22 does not rattle in the fitting shaft portion 29 in the radial direction.
  • the hub wheel 22 and the shaft member 23 are coupled and fixed in a state of being prevented from relative rotation.
  • the caulking portion 33 formed by crushing the cylindrical portion 32 (see FIG. 3) extending axially outward from the axially outer end portion of the fitting shaft portion 29 in the axial direction.
  • the hub wheel 22 and the shaft member are formed by pressing the pressed surface 59, which is the radial inner portion of the inclined surface portion 25 of the hub wheel 22 (the peripheral portion of the inclined surface portion 25, which is the peripheral portion of the axial outer opening of the central hole 24).
  • 23 is bonded and fixed.
  • the shaft member 23 further includes a caulking portion 33 projecting outward in the radial direction at the axially outer end portion of the annular shape adjacent to the axially outer side of the fitting shaft portion 29. Then, the hub wheel 22 and the shaft member 23 are coupled and fixed by pressing the pressed surface 59 of the hub wheel 22 by the caulking portion 33.
  • the hub wheel 22 is coupled and fixed to the shaft member 23 in a state of being sandwiched in the axial direction between the stepped surface 30 of the shaft member 23 and the crimped portion 33. Further, in the state where the hub wheel 22 and the shaft member 23 are coupled and fixed in this way, an appropriate preload is applied to the rolling elements 4a and 4b. Further, in this example, the holding surface 42, which is the inner side surface in the axial direction of the crimped portion 33, which comes into contact with the holding surface 59, has a shape along the holding surface 59.
  • the shaft member 23 further includes an inward flange portion 41 projecting inward in the radial direction on the inner diameter side of the crimped portion 33 at the outer end portion in the axial direction.
  • the axial outer end surface of the annular axial outer end of the shaft member 23, including the axial outer ends of the caulking portion 33 and the inward flange portion 41, is flat, orthogonal to the central axis of the shaft member 23.
  • the surface 61 is flat, orthogonal to the central axis of the shaft member 23.
  • the fitting shaft portion 29 has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the central hole 24 of the hub ring 22. Therefore, the hub wheel 22 is externally fitted to the fitting shaft portion 29 without having a tightening allowance. In other words, the fitting shaft portion 29 is not press-fitted into the center hole 24, and the outer peripheral surface of the fitting shaft portion 29 and the inner peripheral surface of the center hole 24 are fitted without having a tightening allowance. .. Therefore, as the fitting shaft portion 29 is inserted into the center hole 24, the double-row inner ring race tracks 11a and 11b are not deformed (expanded) in the diameter-expanding direction.
  • the caulking portion 33 suppresses the restrained surface 59 located on the radial inner portion of the axial outer surface of the hub ring 22, which is far away from the double-row inner ring race tracks 11a and 11b. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the deformation of the double-row inner ring raceways 11a and 11b in the diameter-expanding direction with the formation of the crimped portion 33. Therefore, in the hub unit bearing 1 of this example, it is easy to apply an appropriate preload to the rolling elements 4a and 4b.
  • the rocking caulking device 34 includes a reference shaft C in the vertical direction and a stamp 35 that is supported to rotate (revolve) about the reference shaft C.
  • the stamp 35 is a tool for forming the caulking portion 33, has a rotation axis L inclined by an angle ⁇ (0 ⁇ ⁇ 90 °) with respect to the reference axis C, and is centered on the rotation axis L. Rotation (rotation) is freely supported. That is, the stamp 35 is capable of supporting rotation (revolution) about the reference axis C and freely supporting rotation (rotation) about the rotation axis L.
  • various structures including the structure of a conventionally known rocking crimping device can be adopted.
  • the stamp 35 has a machined surface portion 36 having a convex curved surface shape (conical convex surface shape centered on the rotation axis L) having a linear bus line inclined with respect to the rotation axis L on the lower side portion.
  • the processing method for forming the processed surface portion 36 is not particularly limited.
  • the machined surface portion 36 can be a forged surface formed by forging or a latheed surface formed by turning.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the generatrix of the machined surface portion 36 with respect to the rotation axis L is (90 ° ⁇ ).
  • the portion of the machined surface portion 36 located at the lower end (X portion in FIGS. 3 and 4) is relative to the reference axis C. It exists on a straight line that is orthogonal to each other. Further, in this example, the apex of the virtual conical surface including the machined surface portion 36 exists at the intersection P of the reference axis C and the rotation axis L.
  • the work of forming the caulking portion 33 is performed in a state where the hub unit bearing 1 before forming the caulking portion 33 is assembled. Therefore, the hub unit bearing 1 before forming the caulking portion 33 is assembled in advance.
  • the hub unit bearing 1 before forming the caulking portion 33 can be assembled by an appropriate procedure, and for example, it can be assembled by the following procedure.
  • the rolling elements 4b in the inner row in the axial direction are held around the inner ring track 11b on the inner side in the axial direction by the cage 21b on the inner side in the axial direction. Deploy.
  • the outer portion in the axial direction of the hub unit bearing 1 before forming the caulking portion 33 is directed upward, and the caulking portion 33 is formed.
  • the shaft member 23 is Supported by a holder (not shown).
  • the angle ⁇ of the swing crimping device 34 is adjusted in advance by a method described later so that the holding surface 42 of the crimped portion 33 after completion has a shape along the pressed surface 59.
  • the work of processing the cylindrical portion 32 into the caulking portion 33 is started. That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, by moving the stamp 35 downward or moving the hub unit bearing 1 upward, the lower end of the machined surface portion 36 of the stamp 35 in the circumferential direction.
  • the cylindrical portion 32 is processed into the crimped portion 33 by rotating the stamp 35 about the reference axis C while pressing the portion (X portion) located at the position on the axially outer end surface of the cylindrical portion 32 of the shaft member 23. To do.
  • processing is performed by allowing the contact portion between the machined surface portion 36 and the cylindrical portion 32 to exist on a straight line orthogonal to the reference axis C in the virtual plane including the reference axis C and the rotation axis L.
  • a processing force downward in the vertical direction is applied to a part of the surface portion 36 to the cylindrical portion 32 in the circumferential direction.
  • the position where this processing force is applied is continuously changed with respect to the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 32 with the rotation of the stamp 35 about the reference axis C.
  • the cylindrical portion 32 is crushed in the axial direction to form the crimped portion 33 and the inward flange portion 41.
  • the abutting portion between the machined surface portion 36 and the cylindrical portion 32 exists on a straight line orthogonal to the reference axis C, so that the caulking portion is formed.
  • the axial outer end surface of the annular axial outer end of the shaft member 23, including the axial outer ends of the 33 and the inward flange 41, is a flat surface 61 orthogonal to the central axis of the shaft member 23. It becomes.
  • the stamping die 35 rotates about the rotation axis L based on the frictional force acting on the contact portion between the machined surface portion 36 and the cylindrical portion 32. .. That is, the contact of the machined surface portion 36 with the cylindrical portion 32 is a rolling contact.
  • the apex of the virtual conical surface including the machined surface portion 36 exists at the intersection P of the reference axis C and the rotation axis L.
  • the machined surface portion 36 of the die 35 constituting the swing crimping device 34 is formed in a conical convex surface shape having a simple shape. Therefore, the processing cost of the processed surface portion 36 can be suppressed, and the stamp 35 can be manufactured at low cost. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the hub unit bearing 1 can be suppressed accordingly.
  • the crimped portion is formed by using a common stamp 35 even when manufacturing hub unit bearings having a plurality of name numbers having different diameter dimensions of the crimped portion. Can be done. Therefore, it is possible to omit the troublesome work of replacing the stamp 35 of the swing crimping device 34 every time the name number of the hub unit bearing to be manufactured changes. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the hub unit bearing 1 can be suppressed from these aspects as well.
  • a plurality of stamps 35 having different angles ⁇ (and ⁇ ) are prepared. Then, for each of the prepared stamps 35, a test for forming the crimped portion 33z (see FIGS. 6A to 6D) is performed using the rocking crimping device 34 including the stamping die 35. The test can be performed, for example, using the test assembly 37 as shown in FIG.
  • the test assembly 37 is set below the stamp 35 with respect to the rocking caulking device 34, and includes a support base 38, a support cylinder member 39, and a test piece 40.
  • the support base 38 is prevented from moving in the radial direction about the reference axis C.
  • the support cylinder member 39 is arranged coaxially with the reference shaft C, and is supported and fixed to the upper surface of the support base 38.
  • the test piece 40 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is internally fitted and supported by the support cylinder member 39 without rattling in the radial direction, so that the test piece 40 is arranged coaxially with the reference axis C and the lower end surface is the upper surface of the support base 38. And the upper end is projected upward from the inner diameter side of the support cylinder member 39.
  • the material of the test piece 40 and the shape and size of the upper end portion of the test piece 40 are the same as those of the cylindrical portion 32 of the hub unit bearing 1 before forming the caulking portion 33.
  • the upper end portion of the test piece 40 constituting the test assembly 37 is processed into the crimped portion 33z by using the swing crimping device 34 including the stamping 35.
  • test results as shown in FIGS. 6 (A) to 6 (D) can be obtained, for example.
  • the caulked portion 33z has a different shape depending on the angle ⁇ (and ⁇ ). The reason for this is that the area (circumferential width) of the contact portion (range S with the oblique grid) of the machined surface portion 36 with respect to the test piece 40 changes depending on the angle ⁇ (and ⁇ ), and the test piece accordingly.
  • the holding surface 42z of the crimped portion 33z is an inclined surface (substantially arc) inclined in the direction toward one side in the axial direction (upper side of FIGS. 6 (A) to 6 (D)) toward the outer side in the radial direction.
  • the angle ⁇ (and ⁇ ) at which the holding surface 42z of the crimped portion 33z has a shape along the holding surface 59 of the hub ring 22 is obtained. That is, from the test results as described above, the angle ⁇ (and ⁇ ) at which the holding surface 42z of the crimped portion 33z has a shape along the holding surface 59 of the hub ring 22 is selected. Then, the caulking portion 33 when manufacturing the hub unit bearing 1 is formed by adopting the angle ⁇ selected in this way.
  • the machined surface portion 36 of the stamp 35 has a conical convex shape, and the contact portion between the machined surface portion 36 and the cylindrical portion 32 is formed in a virtual plane including the reference axis C and the rotation axis L. Since it exists on a straight line orthogonal to the reference axis C, when the cylindrical portion 32 is machined into the crimped portion 33, the crushed meat is crushed in the process of crushing the cylindrical portion 32 in the axial direction by the machined surface portion 36. A part tends to flow inward in the radial direction along the machined surface portion 36.
  • the end surface 26a on the inner side in the axial direction of the hub wheel 22a and the stepped surface 30a of the shaft member 23a are flat surfaces orthogonal to each other in the axial direction and are in plane contact with each other. doing. That is, in this example, a configuration is not adopted in which the end surface 26a and the stepped surface 30a are face-spline engaged to prevent the relative rotation of the hub wheel 22a and the shaft member 23a.
  • the axially outer ends (including the caulking portion 33a and the inward flange portion 41a) located on the axially outer side of the fitting shaft portion 29 are located at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. It has an engaging slit (notch) 43 that opens on both sides in the radial direction and outward in the axial direction. Further, the hub ring 22a has engaging convex portions 44 at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction that match the engaging slits 43 in the radial inner portion of the inclined surface portion 25a.
  • the hub wheel 22a and the shaft member 23a rotate relative to each other by engaging the engaging slit 43 of the caulking portion 33a and the engaging convex portion 44 of the inclined surface portion 25a without rattling in the circumferential direction. Is being prevented.
  • the inclined surface portions 25a constituting the hub wheel 22a are formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction inside the inclined surface portion 25a.
  • An engaging convex portion 44 is formed, and an axial slit 45 (see FIG. 8A) extending in the axial direction is formed at a plurality of circumferential directions of the cylindrical portion 32a constituting the shaft member 23a. Then, the hub unit bearing 1a before forming the crimped portion 33a is assembled.
  • the phases of the engaging convex portion 44 of the hub ring 22a and the axial slit 45 of the shaft member 23a in the circumferential direction are matched.
  • the cylindrical portion 32a is crushed in the axial direction by using the rocking caulking device 34.
  • the crimped portion 33a and the inward flange portion 41a are formed, the axial slit 45 is used as the engaging slit 43, and the engaging slit 43 and the engaging convex portion 44 are engaged with each other to engage the hub ring 22a with the shaft.
  • the member 23a is coupled and fixed.
  • the caulking portion 33a and the inward flange portion 41a are formed by crushing the cylindrical portion 32a having the axial slits 45 at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction in the axial direction. Therefore, when the caulking portion 33a and the inward flange portion 41a are formed, it is possible to prevent a large circumferential stress from being applied to the cylindrical portion 32a, and the caulking portion 33a and the inward flange portion 41a are damaged such as cracks. Can be prevented more reliably.
  • Other configurations and effects are the same as in the first example of the embodiment.
  • the end surface 26a on the inner side in the axial direction of the hub wheel 22b and the stepped surface 30a of the shaft member 23b are flat surfaces orthogonal to each other in the axial direction and are in flat contact with each other. doing. That is, in this example, a configuration is not adopted in which the end surface 26a and the stepped surface 30a are face-spline engaged to prevent the relative rotation of the hub wheel 22a and the shaft member 23a.
  • the plurality of engaging recesses 46 provided in the hub wheel 22b and the plurality of engaging protrusions 47 provided in the shaft member 23b are engaged with each other without rattling in the circumferential direction. This prevents the hub wheel 22b and the shaft member 23b from rotating relative to each other.
  • the engaging recesses 46 are formed so as to open at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the hub ring 22b so as to open to the radial inner portion of the inclined surface portion 25b and the inner peripheral surface of the axial outer end portion of the central hole 24a.
  • the engaging convex portions 47 are formed so as to project outward in the radial direction at a plurality of circumferential directions of the axially outer end portions of the fitting shaft portion 29 of the shaft member 23b. As will be described later, the engaging convex portion 47 is formed by subjecting the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 32b constituting the shaft member 23b before forming the caulking portion 33b to a lightening process.
  • the phase in the circumferential direction coincides with the engaging convex portion 47, and the engaging convex portion 47 In the portion located on the outer side in the radial direction, a concave groove 48 that opens on the inner side in the axial direction and the outer side in the radial direction is formed in the radial direction.
  • engaging recesses 46 are formed at a plurality of circumferential directions of the hub ring 22b before assembling the hub unit bearing 1b before forming the crimped portion 33b. Then, the hub unit bearing 1a before forming the crimped portion 33a is assembled.
  • the engaging convex portion 47 is engaged with the engaging concave portion 46 without rattling in the circumferential direction.
  • the cylindrical portion 32b is processed into the caulking portion 33b by using the swing caulking device 34 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and at the same time, the axially outer portion of the concave groove 48z is set as the concave groove 48, and the hub wheel 22b and the shaft are formed.
  • the member 23b is coupled and fixed.
  • Other configurations and effects are the same as in the first example of the embodiment.
  • the hub 3a is a combination of a hub ring 49 corresponding to the first hub element and an inner ring 50 corresponding to the second hub element.
  • the inner side in the axial direction corresponds to one side in the axial direction
  • the outer side in the axial direction corresponds to the other side in the axial direction
  • the hub ring 49 has a double-row inner ring track 11a, 11b on the outer peripheral surface of the axial intermediate portion corresponding to the base, and has an inner ring track 11a on the outer side in the axial direction, and a rotary flange 12 and an axial outer portion on the outer side in the axial direction. It has a pilot unit 13. That is, the hub ring 49 corresponding to the first hub element projects radially outward from a portion located on the axially outer side of the inner ring orbit 11a on the axially outer side corresponding to one inner ring orbit. It has a rotating flange 12.
  • the hub ring 49 has a fitting shaft portion 51 having a smaller outer diameter than a portion adjacent to the outer side in the axial direction in the inner portion in the axial direction located inside the inner ring track 11a on the outer side in the axial direction.
  • the inner ring track on the outer side in the axial direction can also be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring of another body that is outerly fitted in the intermediate portion in the axial direction of the hub ring.
  • the hub ring and the separate inner ring correspond to the first hub element.
  • the inner ring 50 is formed in a tubular shape, and has an inner ring track 11b on the outer peripheral surface, which is inside in the axial direction among the double-row inner ring tracks 11a and 11b. Further, the inner ring 50 has a central hole 52 that axially penetrates the radial center portion of the inner ring 50. Further, the inner ring 50 has a restrained surface 53 on the inner side surface in the axial direction in the radial direction. The restrained surface 53 is an inclined surface that is inclined in the direction toward the inward in the axial direction toward the outer side in the radial direction. In the illustrated example, the restrained surface 53 is a conical concave surface having a linear generatrix, but may be a convex curved surface having an arc-shaped generatrix having a large radius of curvature.
  • the inner ring 50 is externally fitted to the fitting shaft portion 51 by press fitting in a state where the end surface on the outer side in the axial direction is abutted against the stepped surface 54 existing on the outer end surface in the axial direction of the outer peripheral surface of the fitting shaft portion 51. ..
  • the caulking portion 56 (the shaft of the caulking portion 56) formed by plastically deforming the cylindrical portion 55 extending inward in the axial direction from the inner end portion in the axial direction of the fitting shaft portion 51 in the outward direction in the radial direction.
  • the holding surface 53 of the inner ring 50 is held down by the holding surface 60) which is the outer surface in the direction. Then, in this state, an appropriate preload is applied to the rolling elements 4a and 4b.
  • the caulking portion 56 is formed by using the swing caulking device 34.
  • the work of forming the caulking portion 56 is performed in a state where the hub unit bearing 1c before forming the caulking portion 56 is assembled. Therefore, the hub unit bearing 1c before forming the crimped portion 56 is assembled in advance.
  • the hub unit bearing 1c before forming the crimped portion 56 can be assembled by an appropriate procedure, and for example, it can be assembled by the following procedure.
  • the rolling elements 4a in the outer row in the axial direction are arranged around the inner ring track 11a on the outer side in the axial direction in a state of being held by the cage 21a on the outer side in the axial direction.
  • the outer ring 2 is arranged around the axial intermediate portion of the hub ring 49.
  • the rolling elements 4b in the inner row in the axial direction are arranged around the inner ring track 11b on the inner side in the axial direction in a state of being held by the cage 21b on the inner side in the axial direction. Then, by inserting the fitting shaft portion 51 of the hub ring 49 before forming the caulking portion 56 into the central hole 52 of the inner ring 50, the inner ring 50 is externally fitted into the fitting shaft portion 51, and the shaft of the inner ring 50 is fitted. The outer end surface in the direction is brought into contact with the stepped surface 54.
  • the outer portion in the axial direction of the hub unit bearing 1c before forming the caulking portion 56 is directed downward, and the caulking portion 33 is formed.
  • the hub wheel 49 is supported by a holder (not shown) with the central axis of the hub 3a aligned with the reference axis C.
  • the portion located at the lower end of the machined surface portion 36 of the stamp 35 in the circumferential direction is pressed against the cylindrical portion 55 of the hub wheel 49.
  • the cylindrical portion 55 is machined into the crimped portion 56 by rotating the stamp 35 about the reference axis C.
  • the machined surface portion 36 of the stamp 35 has a conical convex shape, when the cylindrical portion 55 is machined into the crimped portion 56, the machined surface portion 36 crushes the cylindrical portion 32 in the axial direction. , A part of the crushed meat flows inward in the radial direction along the machined surface portion 36.
  • an inward flange portion 57 projecting inward in the radial direction is formed on the inner diameter side of the crimped portion 56 after completion.
  • the axial inner end surface of the annular inner end portion of the hub ring 49 including the respective axial inner ends of the crimped portion 56 and the inward flange portion 57 is the hub ring 49.
  • the flat surface 62 is orthogonal to the central axis.
  • the machined surface portion 36 of the stamp 35 constituting the rocking caulking device 34 is formed in a conical convex shape having a simple shape. Therefore, the processing cost of the processed surface portion 36 can be suppressed, and the stamp 35 can be manufactured at low cost. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the hub unit bearing 1c can be suppressed accordingly.
  • the inner ring 50 (suppressed) is adjusted by adjusting the angle ⁇ of the swinging caulking device 34 in consideration of the completed shape of the caulking portion 56. It is possible to secure a sufficient contact area of the caulking portion 56 with respect to the surface 53) and prevent the contact surface pressure of the caulking portion 33 with respect to the inner ring 50 (the surface to be restrained 53) from becoming excessively large. Therefore, the bonding strength between the hub ring 49 and the inner ring 50 and the durability of the crimped portion 56 can be increased. Other configurations and effects are the same as in the first example of the embodiment.
  • the stamp 35a constituting the swing caulking device 34a has a stepped surface portion 58 facing outward in the radial direction about the rotation axis L at a portion adjacent to the inside of the machined surface portion 36 in the radial direction.
  • the present invention can be carried out by appropriately combining the configurations of the above-described embodiments as long as there is no contradiction.
  • the present invention is not limited to the hub unit bearing for the driven wheel, but the hub unit bearing for the drive wheel can also be manufactured.
  • the present invention is not limited to a hub unit bearing that uses tapered rollers as a rolling element, but can also be used to manufacture a hub unit bearing that uses a ball as a rolling element.
  • the contact portion between the machined surface portion and the cylindrical portion is referred to in the virtual plane including the reference axis and the rotation axis. It can also be present on a straight line that is inclined in the direction toward one side in the axial direction toward the outer side in the radial direction about the axis.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
PCT/JP2020/031245 2019-08-19 2020-08-19 ハブユニット軸受及びその製造方法、揺動かしめ装置、車両及びその製造方法 WO2021033711A1 (ja)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0927651A2 (en) * 1997-12-30 1999-07-07 SKF INDUSTRIE S.p.A. Vehicle wheel bearing-hub unit and related manufacturing process
JP2005121211A (ja) * 2003-07-24 2005-05-12 Snr Roulements 連続転位を伴う保持カラーの製造方法
JP2006312460A (ja) * 2006-08-11 2006-11-16 Ntn Corp 駆動車輪用軸受装置
JP2008536075A (ja) * 2005-04-08 2008-09-04 シエフレル・コマンデイトゲゼルシヤフト 駆動可能な車輪ボス用の端面の端を持つカラー
US20110241416A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-10-06 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotary forming method for producing a rivet flange
JP2016074024A (ja) * 2014-10-09 2016-05-12 株式会社ジェイテクト かしめ用パンチ
WO2019138711A1 (ja) * 2018-01-10 2019-07-18 日本精工株式会社 ハブユニット軸受の製造方法および製造装置、車両の製造方法

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018197598A (ja) * 2017-05-25 2018-12-13 日本精工株式会社 駆動輪用ハブユニット

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0927651A2 (en) * 1997-12-30 1999-07-07 SKF INDUSTRIE S.p.A. Vehicle wheel bearing-hub unit and related manufacturing process
JP2005121211A (ja) * 2003-07-24 2005-05-12 Snr Roulements 連続転位を伴う保持カラーの製造方法
JP2008536075A (ja) * 2005-04-08 2008-09-04 シエフレル・コマンデイトゲゼルシヤフト 駆動可能な車輪ボス用の端面の端を持つカラー
JP2006312460A (ja) * 2006-08-11 2006-11-16 Ntn Corp 駆動車輪用軸受装置
US20110241416A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-10-06 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotary forming method for producing a rivet flange
JP2016074024A (ja) * 2014-10-09 2016-05-12 株式会社ジェイテクト かしめ用パンチ
WO2019138711A1 (ja) * 2018-01-10 2019-07-18 日本精工株式会社 ハブユニット軸受の製造方法および製造装置、車両の製造方法

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