WO2021027338A1 - 一种新型的雾化芯 - Google Patents

一种新型的雾化芯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021027338A1
WO2021027338A1 PCT/CN2020/088397 CN2020088397W WO2021027338A1 WO 2021027338 A1 WO2021027338 A1 WO 2021027338A1 CN 2020088397 W CN2020088397 W CN 2020088397W WO 2021027338 A1 WO2021027338 A1 WO 2021027338A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microns
oil guide
vaporization
less
atomization
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PCT/CN2020/088397
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭晓峰
彭绮文
Original Assignee
彭晓峰
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Publication date
Priority to MX2022001867A priority Critical patent/MX2022001867A/es
Priority to CA3150799A priority patent/CA3150799A1/en
Priority to EP20852990.9A priority patent/EP4005421A4/en
Priority to GB2203115.7A priority patent/GB2601968B/en
Priority to JP2022509149A priority patent/JP2022544957A/ja
Priority to KR1020227008113A priority patent/KR20220056857A/ko
Application filed by 彭晓峰 filed Critical 彭晓峰
Priority to AU2020328016A priority patent/AU2020328016A1/en
Priority to BR112022002608A priority patent/BR112022002608A2/pt
Publication of WO2021027338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021027338A1/zh
Priority to US17/572,315 priority patent/US20220125113A1/en
Priority to IL290587A priority patent/IL290587A/en
Priority to CONC2022/0002643A priority patent/CO2022002643A2/es

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F47/00—Smokers' requisites not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/44—Wicks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/70—Manufacture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/10—Devices using liquid inhalable precursors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of atomization application, in particular to a new type of atomization core.
  • the commonly used atomization method for electronic cigarettes and some medical atomizers is to atomize liquids through resistance heating to form aerosols, which are mainly divided into the following four types:
  • the first is glass fiber rope plus heating wire: the most common electronic cigarette vaporizer is generally the resistance wire for heating is wound on the fiber rope for liquid guiding.
  • the glass fiber rope is the main oil guiding material because of glass fiber.
  • the rope has the characteristics of strong selvedge, high temperature resistance, strong oil absorption, and fast oil guiding speed; the biggest disadvantage of the glass fiber guiding rope is that it is easy to fall off and produce flocs.
  • the position of the heating wire is fixed and the heating wire is wound around the fiber rope, the surface of the heating wire is exposed to the fiber rope, resulting in low consistency of the atomizer, low atomization efficiency, and prone to dry burning.
  • the third is ceramic atomization core: the development of electronic cigarettes has led to the emergence of various oil-conducting materials, and porous ceramic oil-conducting materials have become a hot spot for small cigarettes.
  • ceramic atomizing cores There are two main types of ceramic atomizing cores on the market: one is to inlay heating wires in porous ceramic bodies, such as CCell, etc.; the other is to silk-print a layer of conductive heating wires on the surface of porous ceramics, such as Feelm, Silmo, etc.;
  • the pore size and distribution of porous ceramics are relatively dispersed, which leads to some liquid components easily coking or dry burning during the heating process, or large pores cause liquid leakage.
  • CN 201880001973.3 announced that a 0.5-5 micron thick titanium-zirconium alloy film and a 0.1-1 micron thick gold-silver alloy protective film were sputtered on the surface of the porous ceramic.
  • the quality of the film at this thickness is inevitably affected by the surface roughness of the porous ceramic.
  • the fourth is other similar atomizing cores: CN201620757596.4, CN201810009220.9 and CN2019102 29470.8 announced MEMS atomizing cores based on silicon single crystals, hoping to solve the uniformity of atomization temperature and the taste of direct contact between the heating surface and the liquid smoke
  • the micro-hole array is used as a micro-orifice plate to control the liquid flow.
  • the diameter of the micro-flow channel is 10 to 500 microns
  • the diameter of the micro-hole channel is 500 to 1000 microns
  • the metal film used is 200 to 500 nm thick Ti/Pt/Au, One or more of TiW/Au, Al, Cr or Pt/Au, but the system reliability of this device still has certain problems.
  • CN201821218626.X and CN201810855337.9 describe an array capillary nebulizer that uses 0.01-0.1 mm inner diameter medical grade stainless steel tubes and glass tubes as capillary tubes.
  • the external stainless steel sheet is directly heated, which also avoids heating elements and smoke.
  • the contact between oils, the effective liquid atomization area reaches 50%.
  • the processing and assembly of microtubes does not affect powder and other particulate matter. There are certain safety risks when entering aerosols.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a new type of atomization core, which not only realizes safer atomization, but also can perform quantitative atomization, uniform atomization, and no coking through precise design. , Do not drop fans.
  • the novel atomizing core of the present invention includes an atomizing core substrate and a heating element on the atomizing core substrate, wherein the atomizing core substrate is made of dense material, and the atomizing core substrate is distributed There are oil guide holes, and the diameter of the oil guide holes is 1-250 microns, and the wall spacing of two adjacent oil guide holes is below 500 microns.
  • the dense materials include single crystal or polycrystalline materials, high temperature resistant thermal shock resistant glass, dense ceramics; preferably, the single crystal materials include alumina single crystals and silicon single crystals, polycrystalline silicon materials, etc.; Vibrating glass includes quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass; the dense ceramic includes silica, alumina, zirconia, zinc oxide, silicon carbide, diatomaceous earth, mullite, and zircon with a relative density of more than 70% Stone, apatite.
  • the porosity of the dense ceramic is less than 30%, and more preferably, the porosity of the dense ceramic is less than 10%.
  • the heating element is a film/coating or a metal heating element.
  • the heating element is coated on the atomizing core substrate by coating or screen printing, vapor deposition, liquid deposition or directly bonding.
  • the material thickness of the heating element is: the thickness of the coating or printing process is less than 100 microns, the thickness of the deposition process is less than or equal to 5 microns, and the thickness of the bonding process is less than 50 microns.
  • the heating element is selected from biocompatible titanium, tantalum and alloy films thereof, or a titanium oxide film containing oxygen atoms, a tantalum oxide film or a metal foil bonded together with the atomizing core substrate.
  • a protective passivation film on the heating element as required.
  • the diameter of the oil guide hole is 150 micrometers or less, preferably, the diameter of the oil guide hole is 25 to 120 micrometers, and more preferably, the diameter of the oil guide hole is 80 micrometers or less.
  • the wall spacing of two adjacent oil guiding holes in the oil guiding hole of the present invention is less than 250 micrometers, preferably, the wall spacing of two adjacent oil guiding holes in the oil guiding hole is less than 150 micrometers, more preferably Preferably, the wall spacing of two adjacent oil guide holes in the oil guide holes is less than 100 micrometers.
  • the oil guide hole is made by extrusion molding, grouting molding, compression molding, 3D printing, laser processing or mechanical drilling.
  • the novel atomization core of the present invention constructs a controllable liquid flow channel on the substrate, so that during the heating and atomization process, it can not only approximate the in-situ atomization, but also accurately control the fluid flow by quantifying the liquid flow channel, thereby It has the effect of quantum atomization and maximizes the control of the nucleation and particle growth process of atomized particles, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform atomization; more importantly, the substrate is no longer porous ceramics, and the interface of the entire atomization process is very stable It is safe and avoids the introduction of ceramic powder and relatively toxic and harmful substances into the atomized aerosol, thereby providing safer uniform quantitative atomization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an atomizing core substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing core substrate according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing core substrate according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • the novel atomizing core of the present invention includes an atomizing core substrate and a heating element on the atomizing core substrate, wherein the atomizing core substrate is made of a dense material, and the atomizing core substrate is provided with oil guide holes, And the diameter size of the oil guide hole is 1-250 microns, and the wall distance between two adjacent oil guide holes is less than 500 microns.
  • the dense material includes sapphire single crystal, other single crystal or polycrystalline materials, and high temperature and thermal shock resistant glass.
  • the high temperature resistant thermal shock resistant glass includes quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass;
  • the dense ceramic includes silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, and zinc oxide with a relative density of more than 70%, Silicon carbide, diatomaceous earth, mullite, zircon, apatite, the porosity of the dense ceramics is less than 30%,
  • the heating element is a thin film/coating or a metal heating element, which is passed through a coating or wire Screen printing, vapor deposition or direct bonding on the atomizing core substrate.
  • the oil guide hole is made by extrusion molding, grouting molding, mold molding, 3D printing, laser processing or mechanical drilling.
  • the size, size, position and depth of the dense material and the oil guide hole are the key to controlling the atomized aerosol, and the key to the control of the aerosol performance is due to its precise control and homogenization.
  • the size of the oil guide hole is the key to the control of the aerosol chemical composition and particle size, and it is also the key to preventing the low-temperature coking of the smoke oil during the atomization process.
  • the present invention avoids the use of the current porous ceramics, and the overall strength of the atomizing core material is greatly improved, thereby preventing the ceramic particles from falling into the aerosol, which is the key to damage the lungs of the smoker.
  • the atomizing core of the present invention overcomes the uncontrollable porosity of the existing porous ceramics, the inconsistent size and distribution of pores, the rough and uneven surface, the inconsistent atomization interface caused by the grain boundary segregation during the preparation of porous ceramics, etc.
  • the atomization mechanism and the atomization interface it focuses on solving the mechanism of uniform and quantitative atomization, thereby improving the uniformity of atomized particles and atomized components, thereby greatly improving the reduction of the aroma of the electronic cigarette liquid and its use before and after The consistency and taste are satisfied.
  • the size of the oil guide holes of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted according to the characteristics of the e-liquid, which avoids to the greatest extent certain compounds in the e-liquid that are easily atomized at low temperature due to the unequal pore size and mismatch in similar porous ceramics. Disadvantages such as coking. Due to the control of the atomization interface and atomization mechanism, the chemical reaction and thermal decomposition during the atomization process are greatly suppressed, which can greatly reduce the content of toxic and harmful gases and heavy metals in the aerosol, and fundamentally eliminate the possibility of powder loss Sex.
  • the porosity of the dense material of the present invention is less than 10%; the material thickness of the heating element is: the thickness of the coating or printing process is less than 100 microns, the thickness of the deposition process is less than or equal to 5 microns, and the thickness of the bonding process is low At 50 microns.
  • the heating element of the present invention is selected from biocompatible titanium, tantalum and other metals and alloy films thereof, oxygen-containing films or metal foils bonded together with the atomizing core substrate.
  • the heating element may also be other heat-resistant conductive compounds or mixture films. According to need or there is a layer of protective passivation film.
  • the diameter of the oil guide hole of the present invention is 150 micrometers or less, preferably, the diameter of the oil guide hole is between 25 and 120 micrometers, more preferably, the diameter of the oil guide hole is Below 80 microns.
  • the wall spacing of two adjacent oil guiding holes in the oil guiding hole of the present invention is less than 250 micrometers, preferably, the wall spacing of two adjacent oil guiding holes in the oil guiding hole is less than 150 micrometers, more preferably Preferably, the wall spacing of two adjacent oil guide holes in the oil guide holes is less than 100 micrometers.
  • the particle size and composition of the aerosol can be controlled or tailored according to specific atomization requirements Control, the amount of aerosol atomization and its temperature, and can achieve a certain degree of improvement in nicotine transmission efficiency.
  • the exit of each oil guide hole is an important part of the origin of atomization and nucleation.
  • the smoke oil will also enter the heating surface.
  • the wall spacing needs to be controlled below 250 microns, which will greatly reduce the smoke liquid cannot be completely covered during the atomization process.
  • the heating surface may no longer affect the smoke liquid to cover the heating surface, so as to prevent dry burning or local temperature is too high, so it can be defined as in-situ atomization or in-situ heating.
  • most atomization equipment is heated ex-situ by heat conduction, and the temperature is extremely uneven, which is also the main reason why toxic and harmful gases cannot be completely eliminated.
  • the substrate is made of alumina single crystal material.
  • a zoom laser is used to gradually form a hole array on the substrate.
  • the hole diameters are 120 microns, 100 microns, 80 microns and 60 microns, and the hole wall spacing is controlled separately.
  • the hole arrays can be arranged in a triangular tightly packed arrangement, or arranged in a matrix or other shapes.
  • a layer of titanium oxide film or tantalum oxide film with a thickness ranging from 0.35 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m (the 4.5 ⁇ m titanium oxide film in Figure 1) is formed by sputtering or electron beam evaporation.
  • the thickness is related to the oxygen group in the film.
  • the points are directly related.
  • the surface of the low oxygen content film is covered with a passivation film, such as a gold film of about 12 nanometers (as shown in Figure 1), and then electrodes are formed with safe conductive paste at both ends and connected to the battery .
  • the specific thickness of each layer is related to the required resistance design and atomization power design.
  • the film deposited between the pore walls forms a uniform temperature field and nucleation center, and forms a controllable liquid flow and air flow channel during the atomization process, so as to control the amount and performance of aerosol atomization to achieve the best Good nicotine transmission efficiency and various atomization satisfaction.
  • the uniform temperature field comes from the design of the heating element, that is, the design of the silk screen coating or the deposited film or the metal foil, which is directly controlled by the uniformity of the wall spacing.
  • the non-hole position is the heating surface.
  • the controllable liquid flow and air flow refer to the control of the liquid flow channel and the atomization nucleation interface. For different types of e-cigarette liquid and other liquid atomization, uniform atomization without coking is achieved. Don't drop fans.
  • Figure 1 shows an example.
  • the substrate is made of alumina single crystal material.
  • a zoom laser is used to gradually form a hole array on the substrate.
  • the hole diameter is 100 microns, and the hole wall spacing is controlled at 200 microns.
  • the hole array is tightly packed in a triangle.
  • the arrangement can also be arranged in a matrix or other shapes.
  • a layer of titanium oxide film or tantalum oxide film with a thickness ranging from 0.35 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m is formed by sputtering or electron beam evaporation (the 4 ⁇ m titanium oxide film in Figure 2).
  • the thickness corresponds to the oxygen group in the film.
  • the points are directly related.
  • the surface of the low oxygen content film is covered with a passivation film, such as a gold film of about 15 nanometers (as shown in Figure 2), and then electrodes are formed with safe conductive paste at both ends and connected to the battery .
  • the specific thickness of each layer is related to the required resistance design and atomization power design.
  • the film deposited between the pore walls forms a uniform temperature field and nucleation center, and forms a controllable liquid flow and air flow channel during the atomization process, so as to control the amount and performance of aerosol atomization to achieve the best Good nicotine transmission efficiency and various atomization satisfaction.
  • the uniform temperature field comes from the design of the heating element, that is, the design of the silk screen coating or the deposited film or the metal foil, which is directly controlled by the uniformity of the wall spacing.
  • the non-hole position is the heating surface.
  • the controllable liquid flow and air flow refer to the control of the liquid flow channel and the atomization nucleation interface. For different types of e-cigarette liquid and other liquid atomization, uniform atomization without coking is achieved. Does not drop powder and does not contain any heavy metals.
  • the substrate is made of transparent quartz glass material. After CNC machining into the external dimensions, a zoom laser is used to gradually form a hole array on the substrate.
  • the hole diameter is 120 microns and 80 microns, and the hole wall spacing is controlled at 200 microns and 150 microns.
  • the array is arranged in a close-packed triangle, and can also be arranged in a matrix or other shapes.
  • a layer of titanium oxide film or tantalum oxide film with a thickness ranging from 0.35 microns to 5 microns is formed by sputtering or electron beam evaporation, and the thickness is directly related to the oxygen composition in the film.
  • the surface of the low oxygen content film is covered with a passivation film, such as a gold film of about 15 nanometers, and then electrodes are formed with safe conductive paste at both ends and connected to the battery.
  • a passivation film such as a gold film of about 15 nanometers
  • electrodes are formed with safe conductive paste at both ends and connected to the battery.
  • the film deposited between the pore walls forms a uniform temperature field and nucleation center, and forms a controllable liquid flow and air flow channel during the atomization process, so as to control the amount and performance of aerosol atomization to achieve the best Good nicotine transmission efficiency and various atomization satisfaction.
  • the uniform temperature field comes from the design of the heating element, that is, the design of the deposited film or metal foil, which is directly controlled by the uniformity of the wall spacing.
  • the non-hole position is the heating surface, and the controllable liquid flow and air flow refer to the control of the liquid flow channel and the atomization nucleation interface. Aiming at the atomization of different types of e-cigarette liquids and other liquids, uniform atomization is achieved, without coking and no powder loss.
  • the substrate is zirconia dense ceramic. Zirconia ceramics are prepared by 3D printing, and the hole array on the substrate is formed during the 3D printing process.
  • the hole diameters are 120 microns and 100 microns, respectively, the hole wall spacing is controlled at 180 microns, and the hole array is closely packed in a triangular arrangement.
  • a layer of titanium oxide film or tantalum oxide film with a thickness ranging from 0.35 microns to 5 microns is formed by sputtering or electron beam evaporation, and the thickness is directly related to the oxygen composition in the film.
  • the surface of the low oxygen content film is covered with a passivation film, such as a gold film of about 15 nanometers, and then the electrodes are formed with safe conductive paste at both ends and connected to the battery.
  • a passivation film such as a gold film of about 15 nanometers
  • the film deposited between the pore walls forms a uniform temperature field and nucleation center, and forms a controllable liquid flow and air flow channel during the atomization process, so as to control the amount and performance of aerosol atomization to achieve the best Good nicotine transmission efficiency and various atomization satisfaction.
  • the uniform temperature field comes from the design of the heating element, that is, the design of the deposited film or metal foil, which is directly controlled by the uniformity of the wall spacing.
  • the non-hole position is the heating surface, and the controllable liquid flow and air flow refer to the control of the liquid flow channel and the atomization nucleation interface. Aiming at the atomization of different types of e-cigarette liquids and other liquids, uniform atomization is achieved, without coking and no powder loss.
  • the novel atomizing core of the present invention can be used not only for electronic cigarettes, but also for medical atomization and recreational atomization, such as the atomization of painkillers in medical atomization, and the atomization of medicinal mist such as asthma.

Abstract

一种新型的雾化芯，属于雾化应用领域。该新型雾化芯包括雾化芯基板和雾化芯基板上的发热体，该雾化芯基板由致密材料制得，该雾化芯基板上分布有导油孔，且导油孔的直径尺寸为1-250微米，相邻两导油孔的壁间距在500微米以下，该致密陶瓷的气孔率低于30％。该新型雾化芯通过在基板上构造可控液流通道，在加热雾化过程中，不仅可以近似原位雾化，还通过对液流通道的量化，准确的控制流体流量，从而起到量子雾化的效果，最大限度控制雾化颗粒的成核和颗粒长大过程，并达到均匀雾化的目的。同时避免了由于多孔陶瓷工艺导致的陶瓷粉体和相对有毒有害物质进入到雾化气溶胶中，从而提供更安全的定量雾化。

Description

一种新型的雾化芯 技术领域
本发明涉及雾化应用领域，特别涉及一种新型的雾化芯。
背景技术
目前，电子烟和一些医疗雾化器常用的雾化方法是通过电阻加热使液体雾化，形成气溶胶，其主要分以下四种：
一是玻纤绳加发热丝：最普遍的小烟电子烟雾化器一般是将发热用的电阻丝缠绕在用于导液的纤维绳上，以玻纤绳作为最主要的导油材料是由于玻璃纤维绳具有坚固的织边且耐高温、吸油性强、导油速度快等特点；而玻纤导油绳的最大缺点是容易发生脱落产生絮状物。另外，发热丝的位置固定以及发热丝缠绕纤维绳时，发热丝表面暴露于纤维绳之外，导致雾化器具的一致性较低，雾化效率比较低，且容易出现干烧等情形。
二是棉花加发热丝：2013年前后，棉花开始取代玻纤绳成为主要的导油材料，相比于玻纤绳具有更加安全和更好的烟油口味还原度，其发展从脱脂棉、有机棉到现在极品长绒棉等专业电子烟棉花。目前棉花加发热丝还是市场的主力，但烟油中糖分会吸附在发热丝表面形成我们平时所谓的积碳，这就导致了棉花的颜色变深，而且也有利于有毒有害气体的产生。
三是陶瓷雾化芯：电子烟的发展带动了各种导油材料的出现，多孔陶瓷导油材料成为目前小烟的一个热点。市面上主要存在有两种陶瓷雾化芯：一种是将发热丝镶嵌在多孔陶瓷体中，如CCell等；另外一种是在多孔陶瓷表面丝印一层导电发热丝，如Feelm、Silmo等；多孔陶瓷本身孔径大小和分布等都比较分散，导致在加热过程中，部分液体成分容易结焦或干烧，或大孔导致漏液。CN 201880001973.3则公布了多孔陶瓷表面溅射沉积了一层0.5-5微米厚的钛锆合金膜和0.1-1微米厚金银合金保护膜。但在此厚度下的薄膜质量必然受到多孔陶瓷表面粗糙度的影响。
四是其他类似雾化芯：如CN201620757596.4、CN201810009220.9和CN2019102 29470.8公布了基于硅单晶的MEMS雾化芯，期望解决雾化温度的均匀性和加热面与烟液直接接触产生的口味变化，微孔阵列作为微喷孔板来控制液体流量，微流通道直径为10到500微米，微孔通道在500到1000微米直径，所用金属薄膜为200到500nm厚的Ti/Pt/Au、TiW/Au、Al、Cr或Pt/Au中的一种或几种，但这种器件的系统可靠性还存在一定问题。再如CN201821218626.X和CN201810855337.9描述了一种采用0.01-0.1毫米内径的医疗级不锈钢管和玻璃管作为毛细管的阵列毛细管雾化器，外部不锈钢片直接加热，这样同样避免了发热体与烟油之间的接触，有效通液雾化面积达到50％，专利宣称克服了陶瓷发热体的不足，从而获得更加接近传统香烟的电子烟雾化，但微细管加工和组装而对于粉体及其他颗粒物进入气溶胶存在一定的安全风险。
从安全性上看，尽管以上四种雾化方式已经大大降低了传统香烟中的有害成分，但还是存在一定痕量的有毒有害物质。尤其是多孔陶瓷的制作工艺和结构特性决定了部分粘附的埋烧粉颗粒或陶瓷本身的颗粒会引入到气溶胶中，另外由于晶相分凝导致的重金属富集在晶粒表面，从而极易溶入雾化液中，目前实验证明在某些陶瓷雾化芯电子烟气溶胶中可以检测到痕量的重金属。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本发明的目的是为了克服上述背景技术的不足，提供了一种新型的雾化芯，不仅实现了更安全的雾化，同时也可以通过精确设计而进行定量雾化，均匀雾化，无焦化，不掉粉。
为达到上述目的，本发明的新型的雾化芯包括雾化芯基板和雾化芯基板上的发热体，其中，所述雾化芯基板由致密材料制得，所述雾化芯基板上分布有导油孔，且导油孔的直径尺寸为1-250微米，相邻两导油孔的壁间距在500微米以下。
所述致密材料包括单晶或多晶材料、耐高温抗热震玻璃、致密陶瓷；优选地，所述单晶材料包括氧化铝单晶和硅单晶，多晶硅材料等；所述耐高温抗热震玻璃包括石英玻璃、硼硅玻璃或铝硅玻璃；所述致密陶瓷包括相对密度超过70％的 氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化锌、碳化硅、硅藻土、莫来石、锆英石、磷灰石。
优选地，所述致密陶瓷的气孔率低于30％，更优选地，致密陶瓷的气孔率低于10％。
优选地，所述发热体是薄膜/涂层或金属发热体。
优选地，所述发热体通过涂层或丝网印刷、气相沉积，液相沉积或直接键合在雾化芯基板上。
优选地，所述发热体的材料厚度为：涂层或印刷工艺厚度低于100微米，沉积工艺厚度小于等于5微米，键合工艺厚度低于50微米
优选地，所述发热体选自具有生物相容性的钛，钽及其合金薄膜，或含有氧原子的钛氧膜，钽氧膜或与雾化芯基板一起键合的金属箔片。任选的，所述发热体上根据需要还有一层保护钝化膜。
所述导油孔的直径尺寸为150微米以下，优选地，所述导油孔的直径尺寸为25到120微米之间，更优选地，所述导油孔的直径尺寸为80微米以下。
优选地，本发明所述导油孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在250微米以下，优选地，所述导油孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在150微米以下，更优选地，所述导油孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在100微米以下。
优选地，所述导油孔通过挤压成型，注浆成型，模压成型、3D打印、激光加工或机械钻孔制得。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本发明的新型雾化芯通过在基板上构造可控液流通道，从而在加热雾化过程中，不仅可以近似原位雾化，还通过对液流通道的量化，准确的控制流体流量，从而起到量子雾化的效果，最大限度控制雾化颗粒的成核和颗粒长大过程，从而达到均匀雾化的目的；更重要的是基板不再是多孔陶瓷，整个雾化过程的界面非常稳定和安全，避免了引入多孔陶瓷工艺的陶瓷粉体和相对有毒有害物质到雾化气溶胶中，从而提供更安全的均匀定量雾化。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的一种雾化芯基板的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例2的一种雾化芯基板的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例4的一种雾化芯基板的结构示意图。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。应当理解，以下描述仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明的新型的雾化芯包括雾化芯基板和雾化芯基板上的发热体，其中，所述雾化芯基板由致密材料制得，所述雾化芯基板上分布有导油孔，且导油孔的直径尺寸为1-250微米，相邻两导油孔的壁间距在500微米以下，所述致密材料包括蓝宝石单晶、其他单晶或多晶材料、耐高温抗热震玻璃、致密陶瓷；优选地，所述耐高温抗热震玻璃包括石英玻璃、硼硅玻璃或铝硅玻璃；所述致密陶瓷包括相对密度超过70％的氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化锌，碳化硅、硅藻土、莫来石、锆英石，磷灰石，所述致密陶瓷的气孔率低于30％，所述发热体是薄膜/涂层或金属发热体，通过涂层或丝网印刷、气相沉积或直接键合在雾化芯基板上。所述导油孔通过挤压成型，注浆成型，模具成型、3D打印、激光加工或机械钻孔制得。
本发明中致密材料、导油孔的大小、尺寸、位置以及深度是控制雾化气溶胶的关键，由于其可精确控制以及均一化才是对气溶胶性能控制的关键。导油孔的尺寸是气溶胶化学组分，颗粒尺寸控制的关键，同时也是防止烟油在雾化过程中形成低温焦化的关键。本发明避免使用目前的多孔陶瓷，雾化芯材料整体强度大大提高，从而防止陶瓷颗粒掉入气溶胶中进而让吸雾者肺部受损的关键。
本发明的雾化芯克服现有的多孔陶瓷不可控制的气孔率，气孔尺寸及其分布不一、表面粗糙不平，多孔陶瓷制备过程中的晶界分凝等导致的雾化界面不一致等不利因素，从雾化机理和雾化界面出发，着重解决了均匀定量雾化的机理， 从而提高了对雾化颗粒以及雾化组分的均一性，进而大大提高了电子烟液香味还原度和前后使用的一致性和口感满足。另外，本发明的导油孔尺寸可根据烟油特性而适当调整，最大程度上避免了类似多孔陶瓷中由于孔径不等和不匹配导致烟油中的某些化合物极易在低温雾化中的结焦等缺点。由于雾化界面和雾化机理的控制，雾化过程中的化学反应和热分解受到大大抑制，从而可以大大降低气溶胶中有毒有害气体和重金属的含量，也从根本上杜绝了掉粉的可能性。
优选地，本发明所述致密材料的气孔率低于10％；所述发热体的材料厚度为：涂层或印刷工艺厚度低于100微米，沉积工艺厚度小于等于5微米，键合工艺厚度低于50微米。
优选地，本发明所述发热体选自具有生物相容性的钛，钽等金属及其合金薄膜，含氧膜或与雾化芯基板一起键合的金属箔片。所述发热体也可以是其他耐热导电化合物或混合物薄膜。根据需要或再有一层保护钝化膜。
优选地，本发明所述导油孔的直径尺寸为150微米以下，优选地，所述导油孔的直径尺寸为25到120微米之间，更优选地，所述导油孔的直径尺寸为80微米以下。
优选地，本发明所述导油孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在250微米以下，优选地，所述导油孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在150微米以下，更优选地，所述导油孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在100微米以下。
本发明中由于导流通道与原位加热的控制，从而更加有利于精确控制雾化成核及成核后的动态生长，因而可根据具体雾化需求来控制或剪裁气溶胶的颗粒尺寸与组分控制，气溶胶雾化的量及其温度，并能实现一定程度上的尼古丁传输效率提高。每个导油孔的出口都是雾化成核的起源重要组成部分，当然烟油也会进入加热表面，壁间距需要控制在250微米以下，就会在雾化过程中大大降低烟液不能完全覆盖发热表面或不会再影响到烟液覆盖发热表面，从而防止干烧或局部地方温度过高，因此可以定义为原位雾化或原位加热。目前绝大部分雾化设备是通过导热异位加热，温度极为不均，这也是有毒有害气体不能完全消除的主要原因。
本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
实施例1
基板为氧化铝单晶材料，在数控加工成外形尺寸后，再利用变焦激光逐步在基板上形成孔阵列，孔直径分别为120微米，100微米，80微米和60微米，孔壁间距则分别控制在250微米，200微米，150微米和100微米，孔阵列可以按三角紧密堆积排列，也可以按矩阵或其他形状排列。其后通过溅射或电子束蒸发形成了一层厚度为0.35微米到5微米不等钛氧膜或钽氧膜(附图1中为4.5微米的钛氧膜)，厚度与薄膜中的氧组分有直接关系。根据不同氧含量设计，对于低氧含量薄膜表面再覆盖一层钝化膜，比如12纳米左右的金膜(如附图1)，然后在两端以安全导电浆形成电极，并与电池相连接。具体各层厚度与需要的电阻设计和雾化功率设计有关。沉积于孔壁间的薄膜形成均匀的温度场和成核中心，并在雾化过程中形成可控的液流和气流通道，从而达到控制气溶胶雾化量和性能上的控制，以达到最佳尼古丁传输效率和各种雾化满足感。均匀的温度场来源于加热原件的设计，即丝印涂层或沉积薄膜或金属箔片的设计，这个直接由壁间距的均一性控制。非孔位置即为发热表面，可控液流和气流就是指液流通道和雾化成核界面的控制，针对不同种类的电子烟液和其他液体雾化，均实现了均匀雾化，无焦化，不掉粉。附图1为其中一种实例。
实施例2
基板为氧化铝单晶材料，在数控加工成外形尺寸后，再利用变焦激光逐步在基板上形成孔阵列，孔直径为100微米，孔壁间距则分别控制在200微米，孔阵列按三角紧密堆积排列，也可以按矩阵或其他形状排列。其后通过溅射或电子束蒸发形成了一层厚度为0.35微米到5微米不等钛氧膜或钽氧膜(附图2中为4微米的钛氧膜)，厚度与薄膜中的氧组分有直接关系。根据不同氧含量设计，对于低氧含量薄膜表面再覆盖一层钝化膜，比如15纳米左右的金膜(如附图2)，然后在两端以安全导电浆形成电极，并与电池相连接。具体各层厚度与需要的电阻设计和雾化功率设计有关。沉积于孔壁间的薄膜形成均匀的温度场和成核中心，并在雾化过程中形成可控的液流和气流通道，从而达到控制气溶胶雾化量 和性能上的控制，以达到最佳尼古丁传输效率和各种雾化满足感。均匀的温度场来源于加热原件的设计，即丝印涂层或沉积薄膜或金属箔片的设计，这个直接由壁间距的均一性控制。非孔位置即为发热表面，可控液流和气流就是指液流通道和雾化成核界面的控制，针对不同种类的电子烟液和其他液体雾化，均实现了均匀雾化，无焦化，不掉粉，不含任何重金属。
实施例3
基板为透明石英玻璃材料，在数控加工成外形尺寸后，再利用变焦激光逐步在基板上形成孔阵列，孔直径为120微米和80微米两种，孔壁间距控制在200微米和150微米，孔阵列按三角紧密堆积排列，也可以按矩阵或其他形状排列。其后通过溅射或电子束蒸发形成了一层厚度为0.35微米到5微米不等钛氧膜或钽氧膜，厚度与薄膜中的氧组分有直接关系。根据不同氧含量设计，对于低氧含量薄膜表面再覆盖一层钝化膜，比如15纳米左右的金膜，然后在两端以安全导电浆形成电极，并与电池相连接。沉积于孔壁间的薄膜形成均匀的温度场和成核中心，并在雾化过程中形成可控的液流和气流通道，从而达到控制气溶胶雾化量和性能上的控制，以达到最佳尼古丁传输效率和各种雾化满足感。均匀的温度场来源于加热原件的设计，即沉积薄膜或金属箔片的设计，这个直接由壁间距的均一性控制。非孔位置即为发热表面，可控液流和气流就是指液流通道和雾化成核界面的控制。针对不同种类的电子烟液和其他液体雾化，均实现了均匀雾化，无焦化，不掉粉。
实施例4
基板为氧化锆致密陶瓷。氧化锆陶瓷由3D打印制备，基板上孔阵列在3D打印过程中形成。孔直径分别为120微米和100微米两种，孔壁间距控制在180微米，孔阵列按三角紧密堆积排列。其后通过溅射或电子束蒸发形成了一层厚度为0.35微米到5微米不等钛氧膜或钽氧膜，厚度与薄膜中的氧组分有直接关系。根据不同氧含量设计，对于低氧含量薄膜表面覆盖再覆盖一层钝化膜，比如15纳米左右的金膜，然后在两端以安全导电浆形成电极，并与电池相连接。沉积于孔壁间的薄膜形成均匀的温度场和成核中心，并在雾化过程中形成可控的液流和气流通道，从而达到控制气溶胶雾化量和性能上的控制，以达到最佳尼古丁传输 效率和各种雾化满足感。均匀的温度场来源于加热原件的设计，即沉积薄膜或金属箔片的设计，这个直接由壁间距的均一性控制。非孔位置即为发热表面，可控液流和气流就是指液流通道和雾化成核界面的控制。针对不同种类的电子烟液和其他液体雾化，均实现了均匀雾化，无焦化，不掉粉。
本发明的新型的雾化芯不仅可以用于电子烟，还可以用于医疗雾化和娱乐雾化，比如医疗雾化方面的止痛药雾化，哮喘等药雾方面的雾化。
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述雾化芯包括雾化芯基板和雾化芯基板上的发热体，其中，所述雾化芯基板由致密材料制得，所述雾化芯基板上分布有导油孔，且导油孔的直径尺寸为1-250微米，相邻两导油孔的壁间距在500微米以下。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述致密材料包括单晶或多晶材料、耐高温抗热震玻璃、致密陶瓷；优选地，所述单晶材料包括氧化铝单晶和硅单晶，多晶硅材料等；所述耐高温抗热震玻璃包括石英玻璃、硼硅玻璃或铝硅玻璃；所述致密陶瓷包括相对密度超过70％的氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化锌、碳化硅、硅藻土、莫来石、锆英石、磷灰石。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述致密陶瓷的气孔率低于30％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述发热体是薄膜/涂层或金属发热体。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述发热体通过涂层或丝网印刷、气相沉积，液相沉积或直接键合在雾化芯基板上。
  6. 根据权利要求1或4所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述发热体的材料厚度为：涂层或印刷工艺厚度低于100微米，沉积工艺厚度小于等于5微米，键合工艺厚度低于50微米。
  7. 根据权利要求1或4所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述发热体选自具有生物相容性的钛，钽及其合金薄膜，或含有氧原子的钛氧膜，钽氧膜或与雾化芯基板一起键合的金属箔片。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述导油孔的直径尺寸为150微米以下，优选地，所述导油孔的直径尺寸为25到120微米之间，更优选地，所述导油孔的直径尺寸为80微米以下。
  9. 根据权利要求1或8所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述导油 孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在250微米以下，优选地，所述导油孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在150微米以下，更优选地，所述导油孔中相邻两导油孔的壁间距在100微米以下。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的新型的雾化芯，其特征在于，所述导油孔通过挤压成型，注浆成型，模压成型、3D打印、激光加工或机械钻孔制得。
PCT/CN2020/088397 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 一种新型的雾化芯 WO2021027338A1 (zh)

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CA3150799A CA3150799A1 (en) 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 A novel atomization core
EP20852990.9A EP4005421A4 (en) 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 NEW TYPE OF VAPOR CORE
GB2203115.7A GB2601968B (en) 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 A novel atomization core
JP2022509149A JP2022544957A (ja) 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 新規の霧化コア
KR1020227008113A KR20220056857A (ko) 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 새로운 유형의 기화 코어
MX2022001867A MX2022001867A (es) 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 Un nucleo de atomizacion novedoso.
AU2020328016A AU2020328016A1 (en) 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 A Novel Atomization Core
BR112022002608A BR112022002608A2 (pt) 2019-08-13 2020-04-30 Núcleo de atomização
US17/572,315 US20220125113A1 (en) 2019-08-13 2022-01-10 Atomization core
IL290587A IL290587A (en) 2019-08-13 2022-02-13 New type of vaporization core
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