WO2021023060A1 - 二次电池及电池包 - Google Patents

二次电池及电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021023060A1
WO2021023060A1 PCT/CN2020/105164 CN2020105164W WO2021023060A1 WO 2021023060 A1 WO2021023060 A1 WO 2021023060A1 CN 2020105164 W CN2020105164 W CN 2020105164W WO 2021023060 A1 WO2021023060 A1 WO 2021023060A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
secondary battery
electrode assembly
top cover
explosion
proof valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/105164
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史东洋
胡飞
李振华
陈元宝
Original Assignee
江苏时代新能源科技有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021023060A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021023060A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment, and in particular to a secondary battery and a battery pack.
  • secondary batteries mainly include a casing and an electrode assembly arranged in the casing.
  • an explosion-proof valve is usually provided on the casing.
  • the free electrolyte inside the electrode assembly directly contacts the explosion-proof valve.
  • the electrode assembly and the shell will form a galvanic cell, causing the free lithium ions generated by the electrode assembly It spreads to the shell, and then corrodes the shell, and the thickness of the explosion-proof valve is thin, and it will be corroded in a short time, and then leakage will occur, which reduces the service life of the secondary battery.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a secondary battery and a battery pack.
  • the path length for free lithium ions inside the electrode assembly to diffuse to the explosion-proof valve can be lengthened, thereby delaying the time for the explosion-proof valve to be corroded and prolonging The service life of the secondary battery and battery pack.
  • a secondary battery which includes a casing, an electrode assembly, an explosion-proof valve, and an insulating component.
  • the casing includes a casing and a top cover assembly connected to each other.
  • the casing has an opening, and the top cover assembly includes a top cover.
  • the cover plate and the electrode terminal connected with the top cover plate, the top cover plate covers the opening;
  • the electrode assembly is housed in the housing, the electrode assembly includes a main body and tabs extending from the main body, and the tabs are electrically connected to the electrode terminals;
  • the explosion-proof valve is connected to The housing;
  • the insulating component is at least partially disposed between the electrode assembly and the explosion-proof valve; wherein the projection of the explosion-proof valve on the main body is at least partially covered by the insulating component.
  • the main body has a first surface facing the explosion-proof valve;
  • the insulating component has a main covering body, and the main covering body covers at least part of the first surface.
  • the explosion-proof valve is disposed on the top cover plate, the electrode assembly includes two tabs, and each tab extends from the first surface to the top cover plate.
  • the main covering body includes a first covering member and a second covering member;
  • the first surface has a center line, and in the thickness direction of the electrode assembly, the center line divides the first surface into opposite In the first area and the second area, two tabs are arranged in the first area and bent toward the second area along the thickness direction.
  • the first covering member covers at least the second area, and the second covering member covers at least the first area.
  • the first cover and the second cover at least partially overlap in the height direction of the electrode assembly.
  • the secondary battery further includes an adapter sheet, the two adapter sheets used in pairs are both located between the top cover plate and the electrode assembly, and each adapter sheet includes a terminal connection portion And the tab connection part, the terminal connection part is connected to the electrode terminal, the tab connection part is connected to the tab; the second covering member also covers the surface of the tab connection part facing the top cover plate, in the length direction of the electrode assembly, the second The part of the cover between the two transition sheets is connected to the first cover.
  • the tab includes a fixed portion and a bent portion, the fixed portion extends in the thickness direction and is fixedly connected to the tab connecting portion, and the bent portion is connected between the fixed portion and the main body and is opposite to each other.
  • the first cover includes a first supporting part, a second supporting part and a third supporting part; in the height direction, the first supporting part is arranged opposite to the fixed part and covers the surface of the fixed part away from the top cover plate , The first support part and the second cover are stacked and connected to each other, the second support part covers the second area, and the third support part is connected between the first support part and the second support part and covers the bending part close to the second One side of the area.
  • the first support portion, the second support portion, and the third support portion are an integrated structure.
  • the first support portion, the second support portion, and the third support portion are respectively sheet-like structures.
  • the insulating component further has a side connector
  • the main covering body is connected to at least one side in the thickness direction with the side connector
  • the side connector is attached to the surface of the electrode assembly in the thickness direction.
  • the main covering body is provided with a side connecting body on both sides in the thickness direction, wherein one side connecting body is integrally arranged with the first covering member, and the other side connecting body is arranged with the second The cover is integrated.
  • the number of electrode assemblies is multiple and arranged in pairs, the multiple electrode assemblies are stacked on each other in the thickness direction, each electrode assembly is arranged corresponding to a main cover, and two of the same pair The second regions of the two electrode assemblies are arranged adjacently.
  • the main covering body is an integral structure and includes a cutting part disposed opposite to the tab, and the cutting part is attached to the surface of the tab facing the explosion-proof valve.
  • the explosion-proof valve is provided on the top cover plate, the tabs included in the electrode assembly are led out from the side of the main body, and the main covering body is an arc-shaped sheet structure matching the shape of the first surface.
  • the housing includes a bottom plate disposed opposite to the top cover plate, and a side wall disposed around the bottom plate and connected to the bottom plate and the top cover plate, and an end of the side wall away from the bottom plate forms an opening;
  • the valve is arranged on the bottom plate or the side wall.
  • the main covering body is a flat sheet structure or an arc sheet structure.
  • the insulating member is a flexible sheet structure, and the insulating member is adhesively connected to the electrode assembly.
  • a battery pack including: a box body and a battery module, the box body has a containing cavity; the battery module is disposed in the containing cavity, and the battery module includes a plurality of secondary battery.
  • the secondary battery includes a casing, an electrode assembly, an explosion-proof valve, and insulating components, which not only can meet the energy storage requirements, but the setting of the explosion-proof valve can also make the internal pressure of the secondary battery excessive When the pressure is released through the explosion-proof valve, the safety of the secondary battery is guaranteed.
  • Correspondingly arranged insulating parts and defining the insulating parts are at least partially arranged between the electrode assembly and the explosion-proof valve, and the projection of the explosion-proof valve on the main body of the electrode assembly is at least partially covered by the insulating part, so that a short circuit occurs inside the electrode assembly and the electrode assembly
  • the free lithium ions inside the electrode assembly can only diffuse along the circumference of the insulating part, and cannot directly diffuse to the explosion-proof valve. That is, the diffusion path of lithium ions from the electrode assembly to the explosion-proof valve is greatly extended. Therefore, the time for the explosion-proof valve to be corroded and leaked can be delayed, and the service life of the secondary battery and the battery pack can be further extended.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A direction in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a top cover assembly of an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a partial structure of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating component according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first covering member and the side connecting body in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the second covering member and the side connecting body in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating component according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a battery pack 100, which includes a box body 101 and a battery module 102.
  • the box body 101 has a containing cavity 101a.
  • the battery module 102 is disposed in the containing cavity 101a.
  • the number of battery modules 102 can be one, or of course. There are more than two, which can be specifically set according to energy storage requirements.
  • Each battery module 102 includes multiple secondary batteries 1.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a new type of secondary battery 1, which has high safety and a high service life, and can be used as an independent component Separate production and sales, etc., of course, can also be used in the battery pack 100 of the above embodiment and used as a component of the battery pack 100.
  • the secondary battery 1 of the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 14.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view along the AA direction in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 shows a position B in FIG. Enlarged view
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a top cover assembly of an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of a partial structure of a secondary battery of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a secondary battery 1, which includes a casing 10, an electrode assembly 20, an explosion-proof valve 30 and an insulating component 40.
  • the housing 10 includes a housing 110 and a top cover assembly 120 connected to each other.
  • the housing 110 has an opening 113.
  • the top cover assembly 120 includes a top cover plate 121 and an electrode terminal 122 connected to the top cover plate 121.
  • the top cover plate 121 covers the opening 113. .
  • the electrode assembly 20 is contained in the housing 110.
  • the electrode assembly 20 includes a main body 210 and a tab 220 extending from the main body 210.
  • the tab 220 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 122, and the explosion-proof valve 30 is connected to the housing 10.
  • the insulating member 40 is at least partially disposed between the electrode assembly 20 and the explosion-proof valve 30, wherein the projection of the explosion-proof valve 30 on the main body 210 is at least partially covered by the insulating member 40.
  • the projection may be a projection of the explosion-proof valve 30 on the surface of the main body 210 facing the explosion-proof valve 30.
  • the arrangement of the insulating member 40 can lengthen the path length of the free lithium ion in the electrode assembly 20 to diffuse to the explosion-proof valve 30, thereby delaying the explosion-proof valve 30
  • the time to be worn through by corrosion prolongs the service life of the secondary battery 1.
  • the housing 110 includes a bottom plate 111 disposed opposite to the top cover plate 121 and a side wall 112 disposed around the bottom plate 111 and connected to the bottom plate 111 and the top cover plate 121, and the side wall 112 is away from the bottom plate 111
  • An opening 113 is formed at one end.
  • the top cover assembly 120 is integrally connected with the housing 110, the top cover 121 is located at the opening 113 and seals the opening 113, and the bottom plate 111, the top cover 121 and the side wall 112 jointly form a receiving space for accommodating the electrode assembly 20.
  • the electrode assembly 20 is located in the containing space.
  • the main body 210 of the electrode assembly 20 can be formed by stacking or winding the first pole piece, the second pole piece and the separator together, wherein the separator is between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the insulator between the sheets, the tab 220 and the main body 210 are electrically connected.
  • the number of electrode assemblies 20 may be multiple and arranged in pairs, and the multiple electrode assemblies 20 are stacked on each other in the thickness direction X.
  • the number of electrode assemblies 20 being two.
  • the two electrode assemblies 20 are stacked on each other in the thickness direction X.
  • the insulating component 40 can be connected to the electrode assembly 20, of course, can also be connected to the top cover 121 or the housing 110, which can be specifically adjusted according to the installation position of the explosion-proof valve 30. As long as the path length for the free lithium ions inside the electrode assembly 20 to diffuse to the explosion-proof valve 30 can be extended, so as to delay the time for the explosion-proof valve 30 to be corroded through.
  • the insulating member 40 may be a flexible sheet structure, and the insulating member 40 is adhesively connected to the electrode assembly 20.
  • the insulating member 40 adopts the above-mentioned structural form, which can not only extend the path length of free lithium ions to the explosion-proof valve 30, but also has a simple structure and is easy to connect with the electrode assembly 20. At the same time, it is light in weight and does not affect the energy of the secondary battery 1. Density has an impact.
  • the main body 210 of each electrode assembly 20 has a first surface 211 facing the explosion-proof valve 30, and the insulating component 40 has a main covering body 410 that covers at least part of the first surface 211. Since the main body 210 of the electrode assembly 20 generates a lot of free lithium ions when a short circuit occurs, by providing the main cover 410 on the first surface 211 of the main body 210 facing the explosion-proof valve 30, when a short circuit occurs inside the electrode assembly 20, The path length of most free lithium ions can be extended, the structure of the insulating member 40 can be simplified, and it is easy to install inside the secondary battery 1.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 may be arranged at different positions of the housing 10.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 may be arranged on the top cover plate 121.
  • the first surface 211 may be the main body 210 facing the top cover plate. 121 set surface.
  • the structure of the main cover 410 can be set according to the location of the tab 220.
  • the number of the electrode assembly 20 includes two tabs 220, and each tab 220 extends from the first surface 211 to the top cover 121.
  • each pole The ears 220 are located between the electrode assembly 20 and the top cover 121. At this time, the structure of the main covering body 410 can be adjusted according to the position of the tab 220 on the first surface 211.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of an insulating component 40 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first covering member 411 and the side connecting body 420 of an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of the second covering member 412 and the side connecting body 420 of an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a secondary battery 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the main covering body 410 may include a first covering member 411 and a second covering member 412.
  • the first surface 211 has a center line 212, and the electrode assembly 20 In the thickness direction X, the center line 212 divides the first surface 211 into a first area 211a and a second area 211b that are arranged oppositely.
  • Two tabs 220 are arranged in the first area 211a and are bent toward the second area 211b along the thickness direction X. When folded, the first cover 411 covers at least the second area 211b, and the second cover 412 covers at least the first area 211a.
  • the corresponding covering member can cover the area where it is located, which not only guarantees the coverage requirement of the first surface 211, but also can The tab 220 extending from the first surface 211 is avoided, which can better ensure the direct or indirect electrical connection requirements between the tab 220 and the electrode terminal 122.
  • the first cover 411 and the second cover 412 at least partially overlap in the height direction Z of the electrode assembly 20.
  • the secondary battery 1 further includes an adapter sheet 50, and the two adapter sheets 50 used in pairs are both located between the top cover 121 and the electrode assembly 20
  • each adapter piece 50 includes a terminal connection portion 510 and a lug connection portion 520.
  • the terminal connection portion 510 is connected to the electrode terminal 122
  • the lug connection portion 520 is connected to the lug 220.
  • the adapter piece 50 it can be more The connection between the tab 220 and the electrode terminal 122 is facilitated.
  • the oppositely arranged tabs 220 can be connected to the tab connecting portion 520 of the same adapter sheet 50.
  • the second cover 412 also covers the surface of the tab connecting portion 520 facing and close to the top cover 121. Since the adapter piece 50 is made of conductive material, when a short circuit occurs when the adapter piece 50 comes into contact with the electrolyte, free lithium ions will be generated accordingly. Therefore, by covering the poles of the adapter piece 50 with the second covering member 412 The lug connecting portion 520 can further extend the path length of the free lithium ions from the lug connecting portion 520 to the explosion-proof valve 30 and delay the time for the explosion-proof valve 30 to be corroded.
  • the part of the second covering member 412 located between the two transition sheets 50 is connected to the first covering member 411.
  • the first covering member 411 and the second covering member 412 are connected to each other, which can also ensure the connection strength between the two and the main body 210 and the tab 220 corresponding to the electrode assembly 20, and better ensure the resistance to lithium ion Path extension effect.
  • the tab 220 includes a fixing portion 221 and a bending portion 222
  • the fixing portion 221 extends in the thickness direction X and is fixedly connected to the tab connecting portion 520
  • the bending portion 222 is connected to the fixing portion 221 and
  • the main body 210 is bent relative to the fixing portion 221.
  • the first cover 411 may include a first support portion 411a, a second support portion 411b, and a third support portion 411c.
  • the first support portion 411a is fixed to the tab 220
  • the portions 221 are arranged oppositely and cover the surface of the fixing portion 221 away from the top cover 121, and the first support portion 411a and the second cover 412 are stacked and connected to each other.
  • the second supporting portion 411b covers the second area 211b
  • the third supporting portion 411c is connected between the first supporting portion 411a and the second supporting portion 411b and covers a side of the bending portion 222 close to the second area 211b.
  • the first covering member 411 can not only better cover the second area 211b of the first surface 211, but also can cover at least part of the fixing portion 221 and the bending portion 222 of the tab 220, ensuring that the opposite electrode
  • the extension of the path of the free lithium ions generated in the surface of each component 20 close to or facing the explosion-proof valve 30 can also increase the connection strength between the first cover 411 and the electrode assembly 20.
  • the first support portion 411a, the second support portion 411b, and the third support portion 411c of the first cover 411 may be an integral structure, which can avoid a butting gap between any two in a connection relationship, and is easy to Manufacturing molding.
  • the first support portion 411a, the second support portion 411b, and the third support portion 411c of the first cover 411 may all be sheet-like structures, and specifically may be flexible sheet-like structures, which can be applied to different shapes.
  • the coverage requirements of the electrode assembly 20 can further reduce the occupied space and avoid the impact on the energy density of the secondary battery 1.
  • the second covering member 412 may also be a sheet-like structure and disposed opposite to the first supporting portion 411a of the first covering member 411 in the height direction Z of the electrode assembly 20, and the first supporting portion 411a and the second supporting portion 411a
  • the two covering members 412 clamp the fixing portion 221 of the tab 220 and the adapter sheet 50 together, which better meets the covering of the tab 220 and the tab connecting portion 520 in the adapter sheet 50.
  • the insulating component 40 further has a side connector 420, the main covering body 410 is connected to the side connector 420 on at least one side of the thickness direction X, and the side connector 420 is attached to the electrode assembly 20 in the thickness Surface in direction X.
  • the connection strength between the entire insulating member 40 and the electrode assembly 20 can be improved, and the main cover 410 can be prevented from being in the electrolyte. It is separated from the electrode assembly 20 under immersion to ensure the effect of extending the free lithium ion path.
  • the main covering body 410 is provided with a side connecting body 420 on both sides of the thickness direction X respectively, and one of the side connecting bodies 420 is integrally arranged with the first covering member 411, and specifically may be connected to the first covering member 411.
  • the second supporting portion 411b of the cover 411 is disposed on and intersecting the second supporting portion 411b.
  • the other side connecting body 420 is integrally arranged with the second covering member 412 and intersecting with the second covering member 412.
  • the side connector 420 connected to the first cover 411 can be connected to one side surface of the electrode assembly 20 in the thickness direction X
  • the side connector 420 connected to the second cover 412 can be connected to the same electrode assembly 20 in the thickness direction.
  • the other side surface in direction X the connection strength between the first covering member 411 and the second covering member 412 and the electrode assembly 20 can be respectively ensured, and the requirement for the path extension of free lithium ions can be better guaranteed.
  • the secondary battery 1 provided in the above embodiments of the present application is described by taking two electrode assemblies 20 as an example. It can be understood that it is only an optional implementation. In some other examples, the electrode assembly The number of 20 can also be more than two, such as four, six or even more. Each electrode assembly 20 can be arranged corresponding to one main cover 410, and the second electrode assembly 20 of the same pair The regions 211b are arranged adjacently. Through the above arrangement, not only can the energy storage requirements of different types of secondary batteries 1 be met, but also the coverage requirements for each electrode assembly 20 can be met, and the protection requirements for the explosion-proof valve 30 when a short circuit occurs inside the electrode assembly 20 can be ensured.
  • the number of the electrode assembly 20 can also be one, and one electrode assembly 20 can also include an insulation protection piece.
  • the number of the main covering body 410 included in the insulation protection piece may be one, as long as it can The protection requirements for the explosion-proof valve 30 when a short circuit occurs inside the electrode assembly 20 can be met.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of an insulating component 40 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the main cover body 410 adopting the structural form of the foregoing embodiments is only an optional implementation.
  • the main covering body 410 is not limited to the structural form including the first covering member 411 and the second covering member 412 of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the main covering body 410 may be an integral sheet structure.
  • the first surface 211 may be partially or completely covered.
  • the main covering body 410 may be an integral structure, and the main covering body 410 may be cut at a position corresponding to the tab 220, so that the cutting part 430 may be in the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 20.
  • the side of X is opened and attached to the surface of the lug 220 facing the explosion-proof valve 30, which not only ensures the coverage of the first surface 211, but also facilitates the direct connection between the lug 220 and the electrode terminal 122 on the top cover 121 Or indirect electrical connection.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a secondary battery 1 according to another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 shows an exploded structure of a secondary battery 1 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a secondary battery 1 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the secondary batteries 1 mentioned in the above embodiments are all exemplified with the explosion-proof valve 30 disposed on the top cover 121 and the tab 220 between the top cover 121 and the main body 210.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 can also be provided on the top cover 121, but the tab 220 can be led out from the side of the main body 210 instead of on the first surface 211, which can also satisfy Protection requirements.
  • the main covering body 410 of the insulating member 40 may also be disposed between the main body 210 and the top cover 121, and may adopt an arc-shaped sheet structure matching the shape of the first surface 211. It can also meet the energy storage requirements and make the secondary battery have a higher service life.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 is not limited to being arranged on the top cover plate 121.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 can also be arranged on the bottom plate 111 of the housing 110.
  • the first surface 211 of the main body 210 may be facing On the surface where the bottom plate 111 of the housing 110 is provided, the main cover 410 of the insulating member 40 may be provided between the main body 210 and the bottom plate 111.
  • the main covering body 410 may be a flat sheet-like structure, a flat sheet-like structure as shown in 13 or an arc-shaped sheet-like structure as shown in FIG. 14.
  • the tab 220 of the electrode assembly 20 can be led out from the first surface 211, and it can also be led out from other surfaces, such as from the main body 210 on both sides of the length direction Y of the electrode assembly 20, as long as it can meet the requirements of the secondary battery 1.
  • the energy storage requirements can also meet the requirements of delaying the time for the explosion-proof valve 30 to be corroded when a short circuit occurs inside the electrode assembly 20.
  • the explosion-proof valve 30 may also be disposed on the side wall 112 of the housing 110, and specifically may be located on one of the side walls 112 in the length direction Y. At this time, the main body 210 faces the position where the explosion-proof valve 30 is located.
  • the surface is the first surface 211, which can meet the requirements of energy storage and long life of the secondary battery 1, which will not be listed here.
  • the main covering body 410 of the insulating member 40 can also be provided with a side connector 420 in the thickness direction X, and its function is the same as the above-mentioned embodiments. I won't go into details here.
  • the secondary battery 1 provided by the embodiment of the present application, because it includes the housing 10, the electrode assembly 20, the explosion-proof valve 30, and the insulating component 40, can not only meet the energy storage requirements, but the arrangement of the explosion-proof valve 30 can also make the secondary battery 1 When the internal pressure is too high, the pressure is released through the explosion-proof valve 30 to ensure the safety of the secondary battery 1.
  • the correspondingly arranged insulating part 40 and defining the insulating part 40 are at least partially arranged between the electrode assembly 20 and the explosion-proof valve 30, and the projection of the explosion-proof valve 30 on the main body 210 of the electrode assembly 20 is at least partially covered by the insulating part 40, so that When a short circuit occurs inside the electrode assembly 20, the free lithium ions inside the electrode assembly 20 can only diffuse along the circumference of the insulating member 40, and cannot directly diffuse to the explosion-proof valve 30, that is, the lithium ions diffuse from the electrode assembly 20 to the explosion-proof valve 30 The diffusion path is greatly extended, so that the time for the explosion-proof valve 30 to be corroded and leaked can be delayed, and the service life of the secondary battery 1 is further extended.
  • the battery pack 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application because the battery module 102 includes the secondary battery of any of the above embodiments, can not only meet the energy storage requirements, but also has a higher safety level and service life, and is easy to popularize and use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种二次电池及电池包，二次电池包括：外壳，包括相互连接的壳体和顶盖组件，壳体具有开口，顶盖组件包括顶盖板以及与顶盖板连接的电极端子，顶盖板覆盖开口；电极组件，容纳在壳体内，电极组件包括主体和由主体延伸出的极耳，极耳与电极端子电连接；防爆阀，连接于外壳；绝缘部件，至少部分设置于电极组件与防爆阀之间；其中，防爆阀在主体上的投影至少部分被绝缘部件覆盖。本申请实施例提供的二次电池及电池包，在发生短路时，能够加长电极组件内部的游离锂离子扩散到防爆阀的路径长度，进而延缓防爆阀被腐蚀穿的时间，延长二次电池的使用寿命。

Description

二次电池及电池包
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2019年08月07日提交的名称为“二次电池及电池包”的中国专利申请201910724885.2的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能设备技术领域，特别是涉及一种二次电池及电池包。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车的广泛应用，人们对二次电池的安全性能要求越来越高。目前二次电池主要包括外壳以及设置于外壳内的电极组件，为了保证二次电池的安全性能，外壳上通常还设置有防爆阀。
二次电池在平躺或者侧躺时，其电极组件内部游离电解液直接接触防爆阀，当电极组件内部发生短路时，电极组件与外壳将会形成原电池，使得电极组件产生的游离的锂离子扩散至外壳，进而腐蚀外壳，而防爆阀位置壁厚较薄，短时间内就会被腐蚀穿，进而发生漏液，降低了二次电池的使用寿命。
因此，亟需一种能够延缓其自身防爆阀被腐蚀穿的时间的二次电池及电池包。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种二次电池及电池包，二次电池在发生短路时，能够加长电极组件内部的游离锂离子扩散到防爆阀的路径长度，进而延缓防爆阀被腐蚀穿的时间，延长二次电池及电池包的使用寿命。
一方面，根据本申请实施例提出了一种二次电池，包括外壳、电极组 件、防爆阀以及绝缘部件，外壳包括相互连接的壳体和顶盖组件，壳体具有开口，顶盖组件包括顶盖板以及与顶盖板连接的电极端子，顶盖板覆盖开口；电极组件容纳在壳体内，电极组件包括主体和由主体延伸出的极耳，极耳与电极端子电连接；防爆阀连接于外壳；绝缘部件至少部分设置于电极组件与防爆阀之间；其中，防爆阀在主体上的投影至少部分被绝缘部件覆盖。
根据本申请一方面的实施方式，主体具有面向防爆阀设置的第一表面；绝缘部件具有主覆盖体，主覆盖体覆盖至少部分第一表面。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，防爆阀设置于顶盖板，电极组件包括的极耳的数量为两个，各极耳分别由第一表面向顶盖板延伸出。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，主覆盖体包括第一覆盖件和第二覆盖件；第一表面具有中心线，在电极组件的厚度方向上，中心线将第一表面划分为相对设置的第一区域以及第二区域，两个极耳设置于第一区域并沿厚度方向向第二区域弯折，第一覆盖件至少覆盖第二区域，第二覆盖件至少覆盖第一区域。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，第一覆盖件和第二覆盖件在电极组件的高度方向上至少部分重叠。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，二次电池还包括转接片，成对使用的两个转接片均位于顶盖板与电极组件之间，每个转接片包括端子连接部和极耳连接部，端子连接部连接于电极端子，极耳连接部连接于极耳；第二覆盖件还覆盖极耳连接部面向顶盖板的表面，在电极组件的长度方向上，第二覆盖件位于两个转接片之间的部分连接于第一覆盖件。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，极耳包括固定部和弯折部，固定部沿厚度方向延伸并与极耳连接部固定连接，弯折部连接于固定部和主体之间并且相对于固定部弯折，第一覆盖件包括第一支撑部、第二支撑部以及第三支撑部；在高度方向上，第一支撑部与固定部相对设置并覆盖固定部远离顶盖板的表面，第一支撑部与第二覆盖件层叠设置并相互连接，第二支撑部覆盖第二区域，第三支撑部连接于第一支撑部以及第二支撑部之间并覆盖弯折部靠近第二区域的一侧。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，第一支撑部、第二支撑部以及第三支撑部为一体式结构。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，第一支撑部、第二支撑部以及第三支撑部分别为片状结构体。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，绝缘部件还具有侧连接体，主覆盖体在厚度方向的至少一侧连接有侧连接体，侧连接体贴合于电极组件在厚度方向的表面。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，主覆盖体在厚度方向的两侧分别设置有一个侧连接体，其中一个侧连接体与第一覆盖件一体设置，另一个侧连接体与第二覆盖件一体设置。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，电极组件的数量为多个且成对设置，多个电极组件在厚度方向相互层叠，每个电极组件与一个主覆盖体对应设置，同一对的两个电极组件的第二区域相邻设置。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，主覆盖体为一体式结构且包括与极耳相对设置的裁切部件，裁切部件附着在极耳面向防爆阀的表面。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，防爆阀设置于顶盖板，电极组件包括的极耳由主体的侧面引出，主覆盖体为与第一表面形状相匹配的弧形片状结构。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，壳体包括与顶盖板相对设置的底板以及围合底板设置并与底板、顶盖板连接的侧壁，侧壁远离底板的一端形成开口；防爆阀设置于底板或侧壁。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，主覆盖体为平面片状结构或者弧形片状结构。
根据本申请一方面的前述任一实施方式，绝缘部件为柔性片状结构体，绝缘部件与电极组件粘接连接。
另一方面，根据本申请实施例提出了一种电池包，包括：箱体以及电池模块，箱体具有容纳腔；电池模块设置于所述容纳腔，所述电池模块包括多个上述的二次电池。
根据本申请实施例提供的二次电池及电池包，二次电池包括外壳、电 极组件、防爆阀以及绝缘部件，不仅能够满足储能要求，防爆阀的设置还能够使得二次电池内部压力过大时通过防爆阀释放压力，保证二次电池的安全性。而相应设置的绝缘部件，并限定绝缘部件至少部分设置于电极组件与防爆阀之间，同时防爆阀在电极组件的主体上的投影至少部分被绝缘部件覆盖，使得电极组件内部发生短路且电极组件与外壳形成原电池时，电极组件内部游离的锂离子只能沿绝缘部件的四周扩散，而不能直接扩散到防爆阀，即，锂离子由电极组件扩散至防爆阀的扩散路径被极大延长，因此能够延缓防爆阀被腐蚀穿导致漏液的时间，进一步延长了二次电池以及电池包的使用寿命。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1是本申请实施例的电池包的分解示意图；
图2是本申请一个实施例的二次电池的结构示意图；
图3是图2中沿A-A方向的剖视图；
图4是图3中B处放大图；
图5是本申请实施例的顶盖组件的结构示意图；
图6是本申请一个实施例的二次电池的局部结构的分解图；
图7是本申请一个实施例的绝缘部件的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例的第一覆盖件与侧连接体配合的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例的第二覆盖件与侧连接体配合的结构示意图；
图10是本申请一个实施例的二次电池的局部结构示意图；
图11是本申请另一个实施例的绝缘部件的结构示意图；
图12是本申请另一个实施例的二次电池的分解结构示意图；
图13是本申请又一个实施例的二次电池的分解结构示意图；
图14是本申请再一个实施例的二次电池的分解结构示意图。
其中：
1-二次电池；
10-外壳；
110-壳体；111-底板；112-侧壁；113-开口；
120-顶盖组件；121-顶盖板；122-电极端子；
20-电极组件；
210-主体；211-第一表面；211a-第一区域；211b-第二区域；212-中心线
220-极耳；221-固定部；222-弯折部；
30-防爆阀；
40-绝缘部件；
410-主覆盖体；411-第一覆盖件；411a-第一支撑部；411b-第二支撑部；411c-第三支撑部；412-第二覆盖件；
420-侧连接体；
430-裁切部件；
50-转接片；510-端子连接部；520-极耳连接部；
100-电池包；
101-箱体；101a-容纳腔；
102-电池模块；
X-厚度方向；Y-长度方向；Z-高度方向。
在附图中，相同的部件使用相同的附图标记。附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中，提出了许多具体细节，以便提供对本申请的全面理解。但是，对于本领域技术人员来说很明显的是，本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请的更好的理解。在附图和下面的描述中， 至少部分的公知结构和技术没有被示出，以便避免对本申请造成不必要的模糊；并且，为了清晰，可能夸大了部分结构的尺寸。此外，下文中所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施例中。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的二次电池及电池包的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图14根据本申请实施例的二次电池及电池包进行详细描述。
请参阅图1，图1示出了本申请实施例的电池包的分解示意图。本申请实施例提出了一种电池包100，包括箱体101以及电池模块102，箱体101具有容纳腔101a，电池模块102设置于容纳腔101a，电池模块102的数量可以为一个，当然也可以为两个以上，具体可以根据储能要求进行设定，每个电池模块102包括多个二次电池1。
为了更好的保证电池包100的使用寿命，本申请实施例还提供一种新型的二次电池1，该二次电池1安全性高，且具有较高的使用寿命，其可以作为独立的构件单独生产及销售等，当然也可以用于上述实施例的电池包100并作为电池包100的组成部分。为了更好地理解，下面结合图2至图14对本申请实施例的二次电池1进行详细描述。
请参阅图2至图6，图2示出了本申请一个实施例的二次电池的结构示意图，图3示出了图2中沿A-A方向的剖视图，图4示出了图3中B处放大图，图5示出了本申请实施例的顶盖组件的结构示意图，图6示出了本申请实施例的二次电池的局部结构的分解图。
本申请实施例提供一种二次电池1，包括外壳10、电极组件20、防爆阀30以及绝缘部件40。
外壳10包括相互连接的壳体110和顶盖组件120，壳体110具有开口113，顶盖组件120包括顶盖板121以及与顶盖板121连接的电极端子 122，顶盖板121覆盖开口113。电极组件20容纳在壳体110内，电极组件20包括主体210和由主体210延伸出的极耳220，极耳220与电极端子122电连接，防爆阀30连接于外壳10。绝缘部件40至少部分设置于电极组件20与防爆阀30之间，其中，防爆阀30在主体210上的投影至少部分被绝缘部件40覆盖。可选的，所说的投影可选为防爆阀30在主体210面向防爆阀30设置的表面上投影。
本申请实施例提供的二次电池1，当其电极组件20内部发生短路时，绝缘部件40的设置能够加长电极组件20内部的游离锂离子扩散到防爆阀30的路径长度，进而延缓防爆阀30被腐蚀穿的时间，延长二次电池1的使用寿命。
作为一种可选的实施方式，壳体110包括与顶盖板121相对设置的底板111以及围合底板111设置并与底板111、顶盖板121连接的侧壁112，侧壁112远离底板111的一端形成开口113。
顶盖组件120整体与壳体110连接，其顶盖板121位于开口113处并将开口113密封，底板111、顶盖板121以及侧壁112共同形成用于容纳电极组件20的容纳空间。
电极组件20位于容纳空间内，电极组件20的主体210可以通过第一极片、第二极片以及隔板一同堆叠或者卷绕形成，其中，隔板是介于第一极片和第二极片之间的绝缘体，极耳220与主体210电连接。
在一些可选的示例中，电极组件20的数量可以为多个且成对设置，多个电极组件20在厚度方向X相互层叠，为了更好的理解申请实施例提供的二次电池1，以下将以电极组件20的数量为两个进行举例说明。两个电极组件20在厚度方向X相互层叠。
可选的，绝缘部件40可以与电极组件20连接，当然，也可以与顶盖板121或者壳体110连接，具体可以根据防爆阀30的设置位置调整。只要能够延长电极组件20内部的游离锂离子扩散到防爆阀30的路径长度，进而延缓防爆阀30被腐蚀穿的时间均可。
在一些可选的示例中，绝缘部件40可以为柔性片状结构体，绝缘部件40与电极组件20粘接连接。绝缘部件40采用上述结构形式，不仅能够 延长游离锂离子扩散到防爆阀30的路径长度，同时结构简单，易于与电极组件20之间的连接，同时质量轻便，不会对二次电池1的能量密度产生影响。
作为一种可选的实施方式，每个电极组件20的主体210具有面向防爆阀30设置的第一表面211，绝缘部件40具有主覆盖体410，主覆盖体410覆盖至少部分第一表面211。由于电极组件20的主体210在发生短路时，产生的游离的锂离子较多，通过在主体210面向防爆阀30的第一表面211设置主覆盖体410，在电极组件20的内部发生短路时，能够延长大部分游离的锂离子的路径长度，且能够使得绝缘部件40的结构简单，易于在二次电池1的内部安装。
可选的，防爆阀30可以设置于外壳10的不同位置，在一些可选的示例中，防爆阀30可以设置于顶盖板121，此时，第一表面211可以为主体210面向顶盖板121设置的表面。主覆盖体410的结构形式可以根据极耳220所在位置设置。
在一些可选的示例中，电极组件20包括的极耳220的数量为两个，各极耳220分别由第一表面211向顶盖板121延伸出，在一些可选的示例中，各极耳220均位于电极组件20以及顶盖板121之间。此时，可以根据极耳220在第一表面211上的位置而对主覆盖体410的结构形式进行调整。
请一并参阅图7至图10，图7示出了本申请一个实施例的绝缘部件40的结构示意图。图8示出了本申请实施例的第一覆盖件411与侧连接体420配合的结构示意图，图9示出了本申请实施例的第二覆盖件412与侧连接体420配合的结构示意图，图10示出了本申请一个实施例的二次电池1的局部结构示意图。
可选的，为了更好的延长游离的锂离子的扩散路径长度，主覆盖体410可以包括第一覆盖件411和第二覆盖件412，第一表面211具有中心线212，在电极组件20的厚度方向X上，中心线212将第一表面211划分为相对设置的第一区域211a以及第二区域211b，两个极耳220设置于第一区域211a并沿厚度方向X向第二区域211b弯折，第一覆盖件411至少覆 盖第二区域211b，第二覆盖件412至少覆盖第一区域211a。
通过将主覆盖体410限定为包括第一覆盖件411以及第二覆盖件412，使得相应的覆盖件可以对应覆盖其所在的区域，不仅能够保证对第一表面211的覆盖要求，还能够对由第一表面211延伸出的极耳220进行避让，能够更好的保证极耳220与电极端子122直接或者间接的电连接要求。
作为一种可选的实施方式，第一覆盖件411和第二覆盖件412在电极组件20的高度方向Z上至少部分重叠。通过上述设置，能够有效的避免第一覆盖件411以及第二覆盖件412之间形成有间隙，可以保证主覆盖件对第一表面211的全面覆盖要求，进一步延缓防爆阀30被腐蚀穿的时间。
请继续参阅图6至图10，在一些可选的实施例中，二次电池1还包括转接片50，成对使用的两个转接片50均位于顶盖板121与电极组件20之间，每个转接片50包括端子连接部510和极耳连接部520，端子连接部510连接于电极端子122，极耳连接部520连接于极耳220，通过设置转接片50，能够更便于极耳220与电极端子122之间的连接。在具体实施时，在厚度方向X相对设置的两个电极组件20中，相对设置的极耳220可以与同一个转接片50的极耳连接部520相连接。
可选的，第二覆盖件412还覆盖极耳连接部520面向且靠近顶盖板121的表面。由于转接片50由导电材料制成，当发生短路转接片50与电解液接触时，也会相应的产生游离的锂离子，因此，通过将第二覆盖件412覆盖转接片50的极耳连接部520，能够进一步延长极耳连接部520的游离的锂离子至防爆阀30的路径长度，延缓防爆阀30被腐蚀的时间。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在电极组件20的长度方向Y上，第二覆盖件412位于两个转接片50之间的部分连接于第一覆盖件411。通过上述设置，能够避免游离的锂离子由第一覆盖件411以及第二覆盖件412之间的缝隙游离至防爆阀30。更进一步的，第一覆盖件411与第二覆盖件412之间相互连接，还能够保证二者与电极组件20相应的主体210以及极耳220之间的连接强度，更好的保证对锂离子路径的延长效果。
在一些可选的实施例中，极耳220包括固定部221和弯折部222，固定部221沿厚度方向X延伸并与极耳连接部520固定连接，弯折部222连接于固定部221和主体210之间并且相对于固定部221弯折。通过上述设置，能够更好的满足极耳220与主体210以及转接片50之间的连接。
可选的，第一覆盖件411可以包括第一支撑部411a、第二支撑部411b以及第三支撑部411c，在电极组件20的高度方向Z上，第一支撑部411a与极耳220的固定部221相对设置并覆盖固定部221远离顶盖板121的表面，第一支撑部411a与第二覆盖件412层叠设置并相互连接。第二支撑部411b覆盖第二区域211b，第三支撑部411c连接于第一支撑部411a以及第二支撑部411b之间并覆盖弯折部222靠近第二区域211b的一侧。
通过上述设置，使得第一覆盖件411不仅能够更好的覆盖第一表面211的第二区域211b，同时，还能够覆盖极耳220的至少部分固定部221以及弯折部222，保证了对电极组件20各个靠近或者面向防爆阀30设置的表面中所产生游离锂离子的路径的延长，同时还能够提高第一覆盖件411与电极组件20之间的连接强度。
可选的，第一覆盖件411的第一支撑部411a、第二支撑部411b以及第三支撑部411c可以为一体式结构，能够避免具有连接关系的任意两者之间产生对接缝隙，且易于制造成型。可选的，第一覆盖件411的第一支撑部411a、第二支撑部411b以及第三支撑部411c均可以为片状结构体，具体可以为柔性片状结构体，能够适用不同形态下的电极组件20的覆盖要求，并且能够进一步减小占用空间，避免对二次电池1的能量密度的产生影响。
可选的，第二覆盖件412同样可以为片状的结构体并与第一覆盖件411的第一支撑部411a在电极组件20的高度方向Z上相对设置，通过第一支撑部411a以及第二覆盖件412将极耳220的固定部221以及转接片50共同夹持，更好的满足对极耳220以及转接片50中的极耳连接部520的覆盖。
作为一种可选的实施方式，绝缘部件40还具有侧连接体420，主覆盖体410在厚度方向X的至少一侧连接有侧连接体420，侧连接体420贴合 于电极组件20在厚度方向X的表面。通过设置侧连接体420并限定其与住主覆盖体40以及电极组件20之间的连接关系，能够提高绝缘部件40整体与电极组件20之间的连接强度，避免主覆盖体410在电解液的浸泡下与电极组件20分离，保证对游离的锂离子路径的延长效果。
在一些可选的实施例中，主覆盖体410在厚度方向X的两侧分别设置有一个侧连接体420，其中一个侧连接体420与第一覆盖件411一体设置，具体可以连接于第一覆盖件411的第二支撑部411b上并与第二支撑部411b相交设置。另一个侧连接体420与第二覆盖件412一体设置并与第二覆盖件412相交设置。通过上述设置，能够便于侧连接体420与主覆盖件的连接。
同时，与第一覆盖件411连接的侧连接体420可以连接于电极组件20在厚度方向X的一侧表面，与第二覆盖件412连接的侧连接体420可以连接于同一电极组件20在厚度方向X的另一侧表面。通过上述设置，能够分别保证第一覆盖件411及第二覆盖件412各自与电极组件20之间的连接强度，更好的保证对游离的锂离子的路径延长要求。
本申请以上各实施例提供的二次电池1，均以包括两个电极组件20为例进行说明，可以理解的是，其只是一种可选的实施方式，在一些其他的示例中，电极组件20的数量还可以多于两个，例如可以为四个、六个甚至更多个，每个电极组件20均可以与一个主覆盖体410对应设置，同一对的两个电极组件20的第二区域211b相邻设置。通过上述设置，不仅能够满足不同型号的二次电池1的储能要求，同时还能够满足对各个电极组件20的覆盖要求，保证电极组件20内部发生短路时，对防爆阀30的防护要求。
当然，在一些其他的示例中，电极组件20的数量还可以为一个，一个电极组件20同样可以包括绝缘防护件，此时绝缘防护件所包括的主覆盖体410的数量可以为一个，只要能够满足在电极组件20内部发生短路时对防爆阀30的防护要求均可。
请一并参阅图11，图11示出了本申请另一个实施例的绝缘部件40的结构示意图。可以理解的是，防爆阀30设置在顶盖板121且极耳220位于 主体210与顶盖板121之间时，主覆盖体410采用上述各实施例的结构形式只是一种可选的实施方式，但主覆盖体410不限于上述各实施例的包括第一覆盖件411以及第二覆盖件412的结构形式，在一些其他的示例中，主覆盖体410可以为一整体式的片状结构，可以将第一表面211部分或者全部覆盖。
例如，如图11所示，主覆盖体410可以为一整体式结构，可以在与极耳220相对应的位置将主覆盖体410裁切，使得裁切部件430可以在电极组件20的厚度方向X的一侧被掀开并附着在极耳220面向防爆阀30的表面，不仅能够保证对第一表面211的覆盖要求，同样还能够便于极耳220与顶盖板121上的电极端子122直接或者间接电连接。
请一并参阅图12以及图14，图12示出了本申请另一个实施例的二次电池1的分解结构示意图，图13示出了本申请又一个实施例的二次电池1的分解结构示意图，图14示出了本申请再一个实施例的二次电池1的局部结构示意图。
可以理解的是，以上各实施例提及的二次电池1，均是以防爆阀30设置于顶盖板121且极耳220位于顶盖板121与主体210之间进行举例说明。在一些其他的示例中，如图12所示，防爆阀30还可以设置于顶盖板121，但是可以将极耳220由主体210的侧面引出，而并非在第一表面211引出，同样能够满足防护要求。绝缘部件40的主覆盖体410还可以设置于主体210与顶盖板121之间，可以采用与第一表面211形状相匹配的弧形片状结构。同样能够满足储能要并使得二次电池具有更高的使用寿命。
当然，如图13、14所示，防爆阀30不限于设置于顶盖板121上，防爆阀30还可以设置于壳体110的底板111，此时，主体210的第一表面211可以为面向壳体110的底板111设置的表面，绝缘部件40的主覆盖体410可以设置于主体210与底板111之间。并且主覆盖体410可以为一平整的片状结构体，可以为如13所示的平面片状结构，也可以为图14所示的弧形片状结构。同时，电极组件20的极耳220可以由第一表面211引出，其也可以由其他表面引出，如由主体210在电极组件20的长度方向Y的两侧引出，只要能够满足二次电池1的储能要求，同时能够满足在电极 组件20内部发生短路时，延缓防爆阀30被腐蚀穿的时间均可。
在一些其他的示例中，防爆阀30还可以设置于壳体110的侧壁112，具体可以位于侧壁112在长度方向Y上其中一个壁面上，此时，主体210面向防爆阀30所在位置的表面为第一表面211，均可满足二次电池1的储能以及高寿命要求，在此就不一一列举。
在具体实施时，图11至图14所示实施例的二次电池中，其绝缘部件40的主覆盖体410在厚度方向X上同样可以设置侧连接体420，其作用同上述各实施例，在此就不赘述。
综上，本申请实施例提供的二次电池1，因其包括外壳10、电极组件20、防爆阀30以及绝缘部件40，不仅能够满足储能要求，防爆阀30的设置还能够使得二次电池1内部压力过大时通过防爆阀30释放压力，保证二次电池1的安全性。而相应设置的绝缘部件40，并限定绝缘部件40至少部分设置于电极组件20与防爆阀30之间，同时防爆阀30在电极组件20的主体210上的投影至少部分被绝缘部件40覆盖，使得电极组件20内部在发生短路时，电极组件20内部游离的锂离子只能沿绝缘部件40的四周扩散，而不能直接扩散到防爆阀30，即，锂离子由电极组件20扩散至防爆阀30的扩散路径被极大延长，因此能够延缓防爆阀30被腐蚀穿导致漏液的时间，进一步延长了二次电池1的使用寿命。
而本申请实施例提供的电池包100，因其电池模块102包括上述任意实施例的二次电池，既能够满足储能要求，同时具有更高的安全等级以及使用寿命，易于推广使用。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种二次电池，其中，包括：
    外壳，包括相互连接的壳体和顶盖组件，所述壳体具有开口，所述顶盖组件包括顶盖板以及与所述顶盖板连接的电极端子，所述顶盖板覆盖所述开口；
    电极组件，容纳在所述壳体内，所述电极组件包括主体和由所述主体延伸出的极耳，所述极耳与所述电极端子电连接；
    防爆阀，连接于所述外壳；
    绝缘部件，至少部分设置于所述电极组件与所述防爆阀之间；
    其中，所述防爆阀在所述主体上的投影至少部分被所述绝缘部件覆盖。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其中，所述主体具有面向所述防爆阀设置的第一表面，所述绝缘部件具有主覆盖体，所述主覆盖体覆盖至少部分所述第一表面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的二次电池，其中，所述防爆阀设置于所述顶盖板，所述电极组件包括的所述极耳的数量为两个，各所述极耳分别由所述第一表面向所述顶盖板延伸出。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的二次电池，其中，所述主覆盖体包括第一覆盖件和第二覆盖件；
    所述第一表面具有中心线，在所述电极组件的厚度方向上，所述中心线将所述第一表面划分为相对设置的第一区域以及第二区域，两个所述极耳设置于所述第一区域并沿所述厚度方向向所述第二区域弯折，所述第一覆盖件至少覆盖所述第二区域，所述第二覆盖件至少覆盖所述第一区域。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其中，所述第一覆盖件和所述第二覆盖件在所述电极组件的高度方向上至少部分重叠。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其中，所述二次电池还包括转接片，成对使用的两个所述转接片均位于所述顶盖板与所述电极组件之 间，每个所述转接片包括端子连接部和极耳连接部，所述端子连接部连接于所述电极端子，所述极耳连接部连接于所述极耳；
    所述第二覆盖件还覆盖所述极耳连接部面向所述顶盖板的表面，在所述电极组件的长度方向上，所述第二覆盖件位于两个所述转接片之间的部分连接于所述第一覆盖件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的二次电池，其中，所述极耳包括固定部和弯折部，所述固定部沿所述厚度方向延伸并与所述极耳连接部固定连接，所述弯折部连接于所述固定部和所述主体之间并且相对于所述固定部弯折，所述第一覆盖件包括第一支撑部、第二支撑部以及第三支撑部；
    在所述高度方向上，所述第一支撑部与所述固定部相对设置并覆盖所述固定部远离所述顶盖板的表面，所述第一支撑部与所述第二覆盖件层叠设置并相互连接，所述第二支撑部覆盖所述第二区域，所述第三支撑部连接于所述第一支撑部以及所述第二支撑部之间并覆盖所述弯折部靠近所述第二区域的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的二次电池，其中，所述第一支撑部、所述第二支撑部以及所述第三支撑部为一体式结构。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的二次电池，其中，所述第一支撑部、所述第二支撑部以及所述第三支撑部分别为片状结构体。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其中，所述绝缘部件还具有侧连接体，所述主覆盖体在所述厚度方向的至少一侧连接有所述侧连接体，所述侧连接体贴合于所述电极组件在所述厚度方向的表面。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的二次电池，其中，所述主覆盖体在所述厚度方向的两侧分别设置有一个所述侧连接体，其中一个所述侧连接体与所述第一覆盖件一体设置，另一个所述侧连接体与所述第二覆盖件一体设置。
  12. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其中，所述电极组件的数量为多个且成对设置，多个所述电极组件在所述厚度方向相互层叠，每个所述电极组件与一个所述主覆盖体对应，同一对的两个所述电极组件的所述第 二区域相邻设置。
  13. 根据权利要求3所述的二次电池，其中，所述主覆盖体为一体式结构且包括与所述极耳相对设置的裁切部件，所述裁切部件附着在所述极耳面向所述防爆阀的表面。
  14. 根据权利要求2所述的二次电池，其中，所述防爆阀设置于所述顶盖板，所述电极组件包括的所述极耳由所述主体的侧面引出，所述主覆盖体为与所述第一表面形状相匹配的弧形片状结构。
  15. 根据权利要求2所述的二次电池，其中，所述壳体包括与所述顶盖板相对设置的底板以及围合所述底板设置并与所述底板以及所述顶盖板连接的侧壁，所述侧壁远离所述底板的一端形成所述开口，所述防爆阀设置于所述底板或所述侧壁。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的二次电池，其中，所述主覆盖体为平面片状结构或者弧形片状结构。
  17. 根据权利要求1至16任意一项所述的二次电池，其中，所述绝缘部件为柔性片状结构体，所述绝缘部件与所述电极组件粘接连接。
  18. 一种电池包，其中，包括：
    箱体，具有容纳腔；
    电池模块，设置于所述容纳腔，所述电池模块包括多个如权利要求1至17任意一项所述的二次电池。
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CN115917829A (zh) * 2021-07-30 2023-04-04 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造设备
CN115939683A (zh) * 2022-05-13 2023-04-07 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN116171505A (zh) * 2021-05-31 2023-05-26 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
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