WO2021012134A1 - 盘式电机组合固定风扇 - Google Patents

盘式电机组合固定风扇 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021012134A1
WO2021012134A1 PCT/CN2019/096960 CN2019096960W WO2021012134A1 WO 2021012134 A1 WO2021012134 A1 WO 2021012134A1 CN 2019096960 W CN2019096960 W CN 2019096960W WO 2021012134 A1 WO2021012134 A1 WO 2021012134A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fixing piece
fan
rotor
frame
spacer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/096960
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余仁伟
Original Assignee
余仁伟
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 余仁伟 filed Critical 余仁伟
Priority to DE112019006668.4T priority Critical patent/DE112019006668T5/de
Priority to PCT/CN2019/096960 priority patent/WO2021012134A1/zh
Priority to CN201980093564.5A priority patent/CN113544947A/zh
Priority to AU2019457877A priority patent/AU2019457877B2/en
Publication of WO2021012134A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021012134A1/zh
Priority to US17/383,522 priority patent/US11909269B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
    • H02K1/2795—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2798—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets where both axial sides of the stator face a rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a disc motor, in particular to a combined fixed fan of the disc motor.
  • Disc motors have the advantages of small size and light weight. However, traditional disc motors have low power density and low output efficiency. Through experiments, the inventor found a disc motor technical solution that can break through the bottleneck of traditional disc motors. . Applied to disc generators, in addition to improving the output efficiency from the cooperation of the stator and the rotor, cooling, reducing the consumption of the generator itself and reducing the line loss are all conducive to further improvement of the output efficiency.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a disc-type motor combined fixed fan, which further reduces the requirement of the rotor on the generator to input the total power and further improves the output efficiency.
  • the disc motor combined fixed fan is a component part of the disc motor, and is characterized in that the motor fan fixing frame axially includes a front rotor frame, a front fixing piece, a fan, and a rear fixing piece coaxially arranged in sequence And the rear rotor frame;
  • the front rotor frame and the rear rotor frame are in the shape of a circular sheet with a center fixed to the shaft of the disc motor, and are used to install permanent magnets in a circular distribution on the respective inner sides;
  • the front fixing piece and the rear fixing piece have the same shape, and both are in the shape of a circular piece with a central hole, provided with a magnet fixing hole corresponding to the position of the permanent magnet, a plurality of outer assembly holes are provided on the inner edge, and the outer edge is round.
  • Multiple rotor fixing holes are provided, the rotor fixing holes of the front fixing piece are used for fixed connection with the front rotor frame, and the rotor fixing holes of the rear fixing piece are used for fixing connection with the rear rotor frame;
  • the fan is integrally provided with an annular columnar spacer, the central axis of the fan is provided with a shaft hole for passing through the motor shaft, and the spacer is fixed with a plurality of fan blades distributed around the shaft hole; There are multiple air outlet channels evenly distributed on the side, and the end surface of the spacer is provided with multiple internal positioning holes evenly distributed on the end;
  • the outer assembly holes of the front fixing piece and the rear fixing piece are aligned with the number and position of the inner positioning holes of the fan, and are connected as a whole by fasteners, and the permanent magnets provided on the front rotor frame and the rear rotor frame are axially aligned.
  • the front rotor frame, the rear rotor frame, the front fixing piece and the rear fixing piece are in the shape of flat plates with equal thickness everywhere except for through holes.
  • the front fixing piece, the fan and the rear fixing piece All are made of aluminum alloy or graphene.
  • the spokes between adjacent magnet fixing holes are provided with external balance holes.
  • the rotor fixing holes are arranged on the spokes with the outer balance aperture to the outside.
  • a plurality of inner balance holes evenly distributed are provided between the magnet fixing hole and the central hole.
  • one end surface of the spacer is a back plate with a shaft hole, and the edge of the back plate is integrally connected with the spacer or sealed.
  • a gap is provided on the radial outside of the spacer to install the stator, and the outer diameter of the stator corresponds to the outer diameter of the front fixed piece or the rear fixed piece.
  • the air outlet channel is arranged in a spacer frame between the outer ends of two adjacent blades, and the inner positioning hole is arranged in the spacer frame between two adjacent air outlet channels.
  • the fan blade is perpendicular to the end surface of the spacer.
  • an inclination angle is provided between the fan blade and the back plate.
  • the fan blade axially protrudes from one end of the spacer, the protruding length is less than the protruding length and the distance to the outer end cover.
  • the fan obtains rotational power by connecting the front and rear fixing plates with the rotors on both sides.
  • a heat-generating stator is arranged between the front fixing plate and the rear fixing plate without contact, and a pair of rotors rotate simultaneously while driving The fan rotates.
  • the improvement of the front and rear fixing pieces matches the change of the rotor structure. Because the structure of the front and rear fixing pieces replaces part of the functions of the rotor, the structural burden of the rotor itself is reduced, and the weight and process complexity of the rotor are reduced. Because the rotor itself uses magnetically conductive materials, the simplified structure of the rotor leads to a significant reduction in weight and moment of inertia, and the weight of the whole machine is reduced; power input consumption is reduced, and output efficiency is improved.
  • the front and rear fixing plates are made of light metal aluminum alloy material, which is good for heat dissipation and light weight.
  • the front and rear fixing plates themselves also play a role of fixing permanent magnets, replacing part of the function of the rotor itself and simplifying the structure of the rotor. This reduces the weight of the rotor frame using magnetically permeable materials.
  • the production process of the rotor is simplified, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
  • the installation accuracy of the permanent magnet has been further improved, and the resulting rotation loss is reduced.
  • the structure of the rotor and the fixing piece is simple, which improves the efficiency and cost of production and processing, and reduces the production loss rate.
  • the setting of the fixing piece makes the installation and fixing of the permanent magnet more stable, improves the service life, and improves the permanent magnet. The installation accuracy and the installation requirements are reduced, and the production efficiency is further improved.
  • the spacer and the fan are combined and processed in one piece, thereby reducing the number of components of the whole machine and improving production efficiency.
  • the spacer frame plays the role of ensuring that the stator outside the fan will not rub against the fan blades. Because the front and rear fixing plates are fixed by the spacer frame, the front and rear fixing plates are kept parallel and the distance between the stator and the stator is maintained. The friction with the rotating parts is avoided, and at the same time, it also plays the role of guiding wind and connecting the front and rear fixed pieces, stabilizing the relative position of the front and rear rotor frames, and stabilizing the relative position of the permanent magnets on a pair of rotors.
  • the arrangement of the front and rear fixing plates increases the area for receiving the heat radiation of the stator, and improves the heat dissipation effect through the emission of aluminum alloy with high thermal conductivity.
  • the fan structure also greatly increases the heat dissipation area due to the arrangement of spacers and blades.
  • the fan dissipates the heat received by the front and rear fixing plates and the heat radiation of the fan itself through the large area aluminum alloy blades and the front and rear fixing plates.
  • the air is directed to the backboard and blown out from the air outlet channel, and then blown to the power supply equipment through the external air channel to cool the radiator and the heat source. It makes the stator work more efficiently at low temperature, the coil resistivity is lower, and the copper loss is reduced. Conducive to improving output efficiency.
  • the front and rear fixing plates are provided with a large number of outer balance holes and inner balance holes for adjusting dynamic balance. While reducing the moment of inertia of the rotor itself, it also increases the control of the rotation balance, making the rotation of the rotor more stable and reducing The wear of small bearings has a longer service life.
  • the front and rear fixing pieces are fixedly connected in parallel with the front and rear rotor frames respectively, and the front and rear fixing pieces are also axially fixedly connected with the spacer frame to ensure the relative fixation of the permanent magnet positions on the pair of rotors.
  • the arrangement of the present invention reduces the weight and the moment of inertia, the weight of the rotor is easy to balance, the installation process is also simplified, the cost is reduced, and the output The efficiency is significantly improved.
  • the efficiency improvement brought by the setting of the front and rear fixed pieces is at least 3%, the average temperature of the rotor is reduced by more than 5°C, and the comprehensive fuel consumption is reduced by 5%.
  • the actual measurement proves that the effect is significantly improved.
  • the improvement of the production process reduces the technical requirements for installation and has a higher production efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the combined state of the fixing plate and the fan.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the present invention and the stator of the disc motor.
  • the disc-type motor combined fixed fan is a component part of the disc-type motor
  • the disc-type motor is provided with a disc rotor with a rotor frame on both sides of the stator coil.
  • the rotor is fixed with the penetrating central shaft
  • the stator is fixed with the outer casing.
  • the invention is that the fan arranged in the central hole of the stator coil and the part of the rotor next to the inner side of the rotor frame synchronously follow the rotation of the rotor.
  • the disc motor fan fixing frame axially includes a front rotor frame 19, a front fixing piece 1, a fan 2, a rear fixing piece 3, and a rear rotor frame 20 which are coaxially arranged in sequence.
  • the blade 1, the fan 2 and the rear fixed blade 3 rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft.
  • the front rotor frame 19 and the rear rotor frame 20 are in the shape of a circular sheet with a center fixed to the rotating shaft of the disc motor, and are used for installing permanent magnets distributed in a ring on the respective inner sides.
  • the permanent magnets on the front rotor frame 19 and the rear rotor frame 20 are installed in axial alignment, and the polarities of the permanent magnets on the same rotor frame are alternately arranged.
  • the permanent magnets on the other rotor frame are arranged in the same polarity as the aforementioned rotor frame.
  • the polarity arrangement of the permanent magnets on the rack is completely consistent, forming an alternating magnetic field.
  • the front rotor frame 19 and the rear rotor frame 20 are both in the shape of flat plates with equal thickness everywhere, the front fixing piece 1 and the rear fixing piece 3 are of the same shape, and both are circular pieces with a central hole 10, and the front fixing piece 1 Both the rear fixing sheet 3 and the rear fixing sheet 3 are in the shape of a round sheet with the same thickness to facilitate unified production.
  • the front fixing piece 1, the fan 2 and the rear fixing piece 3 are all made of aluminum alloy or graphene material with good strength, light weight, good thermal conductivity and non-magnetic conductivity.
  • both the front fixing piece 1 and the rear fixing piece 3 are provided with magnet fixing holes 4 evenly distributed around the circumference.
  • the magnet fixing holes 4 are used to fix the permanent magnets installed on the rotor, especially to limit the permanent magnets during the operation of the rotor. The position does not move.
  • the only option is to install a support member that is axially higher than the disk surface of the rotor frame at the magnet installation position on the rotor frame corresponding to the outer edge of the permanent magnet, and the rotor frame itself is a magnetically conductive material ,
  • the density is high, and the supporting parts are located radially away from the shaft center, which not only makes the processing of the rotor frame difficult, but also increases the moment of inertia and the weight of the rotor. Not only does the processing cost and overall weight increase, but the rotor kinetic energy is lost. Also increased accordingly.
  • the front fixing piece 1 and the rear fixing piece 3 in the present invention play the role of supporting parts, so that the structure of the rotor frame is completely flat.
  • the front fixing piece 1 and the rear fixing piece 3 are made of aluminum alloy material to reduce ⁇ weight.
  • the structure of the rotor frame is simplified, the moment of inertia is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced.
  • the magnet fixing holes 4 on the front fixing piece 1 and the rear fixing piece 3 simplify the installation of permanent magnets and reduce the installation process requirements, but the stability of the permanent magnets is enhanced. The installation accuracy is obviously improved, and the relative position of a pair of rotors is stable.
  • a plurality of outer assembly holes 7 are provided around the inner edge, and the outer assembly holes 7 are used for fixed connection with the fan.
  • a plurality of rotor fixing holes 5 are provided around the outer edge, and the rotor fixing holes 5 are used for fixed connection with the rotor outside the front fixing piece 1 or the rear fixing piece 3.
  • the magnet fixing hole 4 is set corresponding to the permanent magnet installation position on the rotor frame.
  • the permanent magnet of the rotor of the disc motor is installed in a ring around the rotating shaft, taking into account the number of permanent magnets, the strength of the magnetic field and the proportion of the magnetic field lines perpendicular to the rotor disk surface. The gap between will not be too close.
  • the gaps between adjacent magnet fixing holes 4 are spokes 9.
  • adjacent magnet fixing holes The spoke 9 between 4 is provided with an outer balance hole 6.
  • the outer balance hole 6 is a long and narrow shape, and the rotor fixing hole 5 is provided on the spoke 9 radially outside of the outer balance hole 6.
  • the outer balance hole 6 is set in a circle, and the adhesive material can be filled from the outside to adjust the rotation balance.
  • the inner balance hole 8 can be filled with adhesive material to adjust the rotation balance.
  • the fan 2 is integrally provided with an annular columnar spacer 11, which serves as a support base for the fan 2 and the fixing plate, and at the same time enlarges the heat dissipation area, and also plays a role of guiding airflow.
  • the central axis of the fan 2 is provided with a shaft hole 15 for passing through the motor shaft.
  • a gap may be provided between the shaft hole 15 and the motor shaft. The fan and the shaft rotate synchronously during operation.
  • the spacer 11 is a back plate 14 with a shaft hole 15.
  • the edge of the back plate is integrated or sealed with the spacer.
  • the back plate functions as a heat sink to block the flow of air flow to the rear but directly accept the air flow.
  • the spacer 11 is provided with a plurality of fan blades 13 fixed to the inner wall of the spacer and distributed around the shaft hole 15.
  • the fan blades 13 described in FIGS. 1 and 2 are perpendicular to the end surfaces of the spacer frame 11, and the fan blades are integrated with the spacer frame.
  • the fan blades have a centrifugal fan structure. More preferably, there is an inclination angle between the fan blade 13 and the back plate 14.
  • the fan blade has an axial fan structure or a turbine structure.
  • the fan blade 13 axially protrudes from one end of the spacer frame 11, and the protruding length is smaller than the installation gap with the external component.
  • the end surface of the fan blade 13 extending out of the spacer can increase the heat dissipation area of the fan made of aluminum alloy material, and make the air flow blow out unimpeded.
  • the spacer itself increases the heat dissipation area, can play a role in heat dissipation, and also plays a role in isolating the fan blades from the stator, avoiding friction between the fan blades and the stator.
  • the fan functions to receive the heat received by the thermal radiation and the heat from the stator heat received from the front and rear fixing plates to the fan. In addition to dissipating heat into the air through the aluminum alloy material itself, it also drives the airflow to dissipate heat through the rotation of the fan.
  • the diversion function of the fan blows the air flow from the air outlet channel and blows it to the gasoline engine of the power supply equipment through the external diversion channel, in order to cool the equipment.
  • the side of the spacer 11 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed air outlet channels 16 which are provided on the side wall of the spacer between the outer ends of two adjacent fan blades 13.
  • the air flow enters between the fan blades 13 from the air inlet 16 and is blocked by the back plate at the rear, and the air flow is pushed out to the side of the spacer, while blowing to the stator and to the power supply equipment through the external guide channel.
  • the front fixing piece 1, the rear fixing piece 3 and the fan 2 are arranged on the same axis.
  • the end surface of the spacer is provided with a plurality of inner positioning holes 12 evenly distributed in a circle, and the inner positioning holes 12 are arranged at the position of the spacer between two adjacent air outlet channels 16.
  • the outer assembly holes 7 of the front fixing piece 1 and the rear fixing piece 3 are aligned in number and position with the inner positioning holes 12 on the end face of the fan 2 spacer, and the front fixing piece 1, the rear fixing piece 3 and the fan 2 are connected by fasteners.
  • the front fixing piece 1 is fixedly connected to the front rotor frame 19 through the rotor fixing hole 5 by fasteners
  • the rear fixing piece 3 is fixedly connected to the rear rotor frame 20 through the rotor fixing holes 5 by fasteners.
  • the power supply equipment drives the fan fixing frame to rotate.
  • the spacer In addition to isolating the fan blades and the stator, the spacer also plays the role of heat dissipation, diversion and stabilization of the relative position of the permanent magnets on a pair of rotors.
  • the front fixing piece 1 and the rear fixing piece 3 are connected and installed, and the front rotor frame 19 and the rear rotor
  • the permanent magnets provided on the frame 20 are axially aligned, thereby ensuring the stability of the relative positions of the permanent magnets on the pair of rotors.
  • the stator is installed with a gap on the radially outer side of the spacer, and the outer diameter of the stator corresponds to the outer diameter of the front fixed piece or the rear fixed piece.

Abstract

一种盘式电机组合固定风扇，轴向依次包括前固定片（1）、风扇（2）和后固定片（3）；前固定片和后固定片均为有中心孔（10）的圆形片状，设有一周均布的磁体固定孔（4），风扇（2）一体设有环形柱状的间隔架（11），风扇（2）中心轴向设有用于穿过电机转轴的轴孔（15），间隔架（11）内设有围绕轴孔（15）分布的多片扇叶（13）；间隔架的侧面设有多个均布一周的出风通道（16），间隔架的端面设有多个均布一周的内定位孔（12）。

Description

盘式电机组合固定风扇 技术领域
本发明涉及盘式电机，具体说是一种盘式电机的组合固定风扇。
 背景技术
盘式电机具有体积小、重量轻的优点，但是，传统的盘式电机的功率密度偏低，输出效率不高，本发明人通过实验发现了可以突破传统盘式电机瓶颈的盘式电机技术方案。应用于盘式发电机，除了从定子和转子的配合提升输出效率外，降温、降低发电机自身的消耗以及降低线路损耗都有利于输出效率的进一步提高。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种盘式电机组合固定风扇，将转子对发电机输入总动力的要求进一步降低，输出效率进一步提高。
 技术解决方案
所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，是盘式电机的组成部分，其特征是：所述的电机风扇固定架轴向依次包括同轴设置的前转子架、前固定片、风扇、后固定片和后转子架；
所述前转子架和后转子架为中心与盘式电机转轴固定的圆形片状，用于在各自的内侧面分别环形分布安装永久磁体；
所述前固定片和后固定片形状一致，均为有中心孔的圆形片状，设有一周与永久磁体位置对应的磁体固定孔，内边缘一周设有多个外装配孔，外边缘一周设有多个转子固定孔，前固定片的转子固定孔用于与前转子架固定连接，后固定片的转子固定孔用于与后转子架固定连接；
所述风扇一体设有环形柱状的间隔架，风扇中心轴向设有用于穿过电机转轴的轴孔，间隔架内固定设有间隔架围绕轴孔分布的多片扇叶；所述间隔架的侧面设有多个均布一周的出风通道，间隔架的端面设有多个均布一周的内定位孔；
前固定片和后固定片的外装配孔与风扇的内定位孔数量和位置对齐，并通过紧固件连接为一体，且前转子架和后转子架上所设的永久磁体轴向对齐。
优选地，所述前转子架、所述后转子架、所述前固定片和所述后固定片分别为除通孔外各处等厚的平板片状，前固定片、风扇和后固定片均采用铝合金材质或石墨烯材质。
优选地，在同一片前固定片或后固定片上，相邻的磁体固定孔之间的辐条上设有外平衡孔。
所述转子固定孔设于外平衡孔径向外侧的辐条上。
优选地，在同一片前固定片或后固定片上，磁体固定孔与中心孔之间设有多个均布一周的内平衡孔。
优选地，间隔架的一端面为带轴孔的背板，背板的边缘与间隔架一体或密封连接。
间隔架的径向外侧被设置间隙安装定子，定子的外径与前固定片或后固定片的外径相对应。
优选地，所述出风通道设于相邻两片所述扇叶的外端之间的间隔架位置，所述内定位孔设于相邻两出风通道之间的间隔架内。
作为一种实施例，所述扇叶与间隔架的端面垂直。
作为另一种实施例，所述扇叶与背板之间设有倾角。
优选地，所述扇叶的轴向伸出间隔架的一端，伸出长度小于伸出长度小于到外部端盖的间距。
 有益效果
本发明将风扇通过前固定片和后固定片与两侧的转子连接来获得旋转动力，前固定片和后固定片之间不接触地设置会产生热量的定子，一对转子同步转动的同时带动风扇转动。这样的结构带来了明显的效果：
1.    降低了自身损耗，转子的重量减少导致转动惯量降低，转子动能损耗下降，提高了输出效率。
前后固定片的改进配合了转子结构的改变，由于前后固定片的结构作用代替了转子的部分功能，减轻了转子本身的结构负担，减轻了转子的重量和工艺复杂性。由于转子本身使用导磁材料，因此转子的结构简化导致重量和转动惯量明显减小，整机重量减小；降低了动力输入消耗，提高了输出效率。
2.    减轻了发电机整机的重量，简化了转子结构，简化了生产工艺，提高了生产效率，降低了成本。
前、后固定片使用轻金属铝合金材料，利于散热的同时有重量轻的特点，而前、后固定片本身还起到了固定永久磁体的作用，代替了转子本身的部分功能，简化了转子结构，使得使用导磁材料的转子框架下降的重量更多。转子的生产工艺得到了简化，提高了生产效率，降低了生产成本。而永久磁体的安装精度得到了进一步的提高，由此带来的转动损耗下降。
3.    转子和固定片的结构简单，相比而言提高了生产加工的效率和成本，降低了生产损耗率，固定片的设置使得永久磁体的安装固定更加稳固，提高了使用寿命，同时提高了永久磁体的安装精度和降低了安装要求，生产效率进一步提高。
4.    间隔架与风扇为组合体，一体加工，从而减少了整机组件数量，提高生产效率。间隔框架起到保证风扇外侧的定子不会与扇叶碰擦的作用，由于通过间隔架固定了前、后固定片，使前、后固定片保持平行，保持与定子之间的间距，使定子避免了与转动部件的碰擦，同时还起到导风和连接前后固定片、稳定前后转子架的相对位置和稳固一对转子上永久磁体相对位置的作用。
5.    前、后固定片的设置增大了接收定子热辐射的面积，并通过高导热率的铝合金的散发提高了散热效果。
风扇结构也由于间隔架和叶片的设置大为增加了散热面积，风扇将前固定片和后固定片以及风扇本身热辐射接收的热量通过大面积的铝合金叶片和前、后固定片本体散热的同时，将空气导向性地吹向背板并由出风通道吹出，进而通过外设风道吹向动力提供设备，为散热体和发热源降温。使得在低温下的定子工作效率更高，线圈电阻率更低，降低了铜损。有利于提高输出效率。
6.    前、后固定片设置了大量用于调节动平衡的外平衡孔和内平衡孔，在减小了转子本身转动惯量的同时，增加了对转动平衡的控制，使得转子的转动的更加平稳，减小轴承的磨损，有更长的使用寿命。
7.    前、后固定片分别与前、后转子架平行地固定连接，同时前、后固定片还与间隔架轴向固定连接，保证了一对转子上永久磁体位置的相对固定。
相对于不使用前、后固定片而依赖转子架来说，本发明的设置反而更加减轻了重量、减小了转动惯量，转子的重量易于平衡，安装工艺也得到了简化，成本得到降低，输出效率明显提高。经过样品测试，额定功耗下，前、后固定片的设置带来的效率提升至少在3%以上，转子平均温度下降5℃以上，综合油耗下降5%，实测证明效果有明显提升。而生产工艺的改进则降低了安装技术要求，有更高的生产效率。
 附图说明
图1 是本发明整体结构爆炸图，
图2 是固定片与风扇组合状态示意图，
图3是本发明与盘式电机定子的相对位置示意图。
图中：1—前固定片，2—风扇，3—后固定片，4—磁体固定孔，5—转子固定孔，6—外平衡孔，7—外装配孔，8—内平衡孔，9—辐条，10—中心孔，11—间隔架，12—内定位孔，13—扇叶，14—背板，15—轴孔，16—出风通道，17—转子架，18—定子，19—前转子架，20—后转子架。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明：所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，是盘式电机的组成部分，所述的盘式电机在定子线圈的两侧各设有一带转子架的盘式转子，其中，转子与贯穿的中心轴固定，定子与外壳体固定。本发明是设于定子线圈的中心孔内的风扇和紧邻于转子架内侧面的转片部分，同步跟随转子转动。
如图1、2所示，所述的盘式电机风扇固定架轴向依次包括同轴设置的前转子架19、前固定片1、风扇2、后固定片3和后转子架20，前固定片1、风扇2和后固定片3与转轴同步旋转。
所述前转子架19和所述后转子架20为中心与盘式电机转轴固定的圆形片状，用于在各自的内侧面分别环形分布安装永久磁体。前转子架19和后转子架20上的永久磁体轴向对齐安装，且在同一片转子架上的永久磁体极性方向交替排布，另一片转子架上的永久磁体极性排布与前述转子架上的永久磁体极性排布完全一致，形成交替磁场。
前转子架19和后转子架20均为各处等厚的平板片状，所述前固定片1和后固定片3形状一致，均为有中心孔10的圆形片状，前固定片1和后固定片3均为等厚的圆形薄片状，以便于统一生产。前固定片1、风扇2和后固定片3均采用强度好、重量轻、导热性能好且不导磁的铝合金材质或石墨烯材料。
如图1，前固定片1和后固定片3都设有一周均布的磁体固定孔4，磁体固定孔4用于将转子上安装的永久磁体固定，尤其是在转子运转过程中限制永久磁体的位置不发生移动。如果没有前、后固定片来限制永久磁体，就只能在转子架上的磁体安装位对应永久磁体的外边缘设置轴向高出转子架盘面的托挡部件，而转子架本身为导磁材料，密度较大，托挡部件位于径向远离轴心位置，不仅造成转子架的加工难度大，且转动惯量明显增大，转子重量也明显增大，不仅加工成本和整体重量增加，转子动能损耗也相应增加了。本发明中的前固定片1和后固定片3起到了托挡部件的作用，使得转子架的结构完全平板化，在实施例中，前固定片1和后固定片3为铝合金材料，减轻了重量。转子架的结构简化，转动惯量降低，加工成本下降，同时前固定片1和后固定片3上的磁体固定孔4使得永久磁体的安装简化，安装工艺要求降低，但是永久磁体的稳固性增强，安装精度明显提高，一对转子的相对位置稳定。
内边缘一周设有多个外装配孔7，外装配孔7用于与风扇固定连接。外边缘一周设有多个转子固定孔5，转子固定孔5用于与前固定片1或后固定片3外侧的转子固定连接。
磁体固定孔4对应转子架上的永久磁体安装位设置，盘式电机的转子永久磁体围绕转轴的环状安装，兼顾永久磁体的数量、磁场强度和与转子盘面垂直方向的磁力线占比，永久磁体之间的间隙不会过于接近。对应的前固定片1或后固定片3上，相邻的磁体固定孔4之间留有的间隙为辐条9，在同一片前固定片1或后固定片3上，相邻的磁体固定孔4之间的辐条9上设有外平衡孔6。如图1所示，外平衡孔6为狭长形状，所述转子固定孔5设于外平衡孔6径向外侧的辐条9上。外平衡孔6环状设置了一周，可以从外侧填粘接材料调节转动平衡。
在同一片前固定片1或后固定片3上，磁体固定孔4与中心孔10之间设有多个均布一周的内平衡孔8。可以在内平衡孔8填粘接材料调节转动平衡。
所述风扇2一体设有环形柱状的间隔架11，间隔架11作为风扇2和固定片的支撑基础，同时扩大了散热面积，还起到气流的导向作用。
风扇2中心轴向设有用于穿过电机转轴的轴孔15，轴孔15与电机转轴之间可以设有间隙，运转时风扇与转轴同步转动。
间隔架11的一个端面为带轴孔15的背板14，背板的边缘与间隔架一体或密封连接，背板起到阻挡气流向后方流出但直接接受气流的经过，充当散热体的作用。间隔架11内设有与间隔架内壁固定、围绕轴孔15分布的多片扇叶13。图1、2中所述扇叶13与间隔架11的端面垂直，扇叶与间隔架一体，典型地，扇叶为离心风扇结构。更佳地，所述扇叶13与背板14之间设有倾角，典型地，扇叶为轴流风扇结构或涡轮结构，。所述扇叶13的轴向伸出间隔架11的一端，伸出长度小于与外部部件的安装间隙。扇叶13伸出间隔架的端面可以增大铝合金材料的风扇本身的散热面积，并使气流不受阻碍地吹出。
间隔架本身增大了散热面积，可以起到散热的作用，还起到将扇叶与定子隔离的作用，避免扇叶与定子发生碰擦。
风扇起到自身将热辐射接收到的热量、以及从前后固定片将接收到的定子热量传导到风扇的热量，除了通过铝合金材料本身向空中散热外，还通过风扇的转动带动气流散热，同时风扇的导流作用将气流从出风通道吹出并通过外部导流通道吹向动力提供设备汽油机，为给设备降温。
间隔架11的侧面设有多个均布一周的出风通道16，所述出风通道16设于相邻两片所述扇叶13的外端之间的间隔架侧壁，风扇转动时，气流从进气孔16进入扇叶13之间，由于后方有背板阻挡，气流被向间隔架侧边推出，同时吹向定子和通过外部导流通道吹向动力提供设备。
前固定片1、后固定片3和风扇2同一轴心线设置。间隔架的端面设有多个均布一周的内定位孔12，所述内定位孔12设于相邻两出风通道16之间的间隔架位置。前固定片1和后固定片3的外装配孔7与风扇2间隔架端面的内定位孔12数量和位置对齐，并通过紧固件将前固定片1、后固定片3和风扇2连接为一体。其中前固定片1通过紧固件穿过转子固定孔5与前转子架19固定连接，后固定片3通过紧固件穿过转子固定孔5与后转子架20固定连接。由动力提供设备带动风扇固定架转动。
间隔架除了隔离扇叶与定子、还起到散热、导流和稳固一对转子上永久磁体相对位置的作用，连接安装前固定片1和后固定片3，并使前转子架19和后转子架20上所设的永久磁体轴向对齐，从而保证一对转子上永久磁体相对位置的稳定。
如图3所示，间隔架的径向外侧被设置间隙安装定子，定子的外径与前固定片或后固定片的外径相对应。 

Claims (10)

  1. 一种盘式电机组合固定风扇，是盘式电机的组成部分，其特征是：所述的电机风扇固定架轴向依次包括同轴设置的前转子架（19）、前固定片（1）、风扇（2）、后固定片（3）和后转子架（20）；所述前转子架（19）和后转子架（20）为中心与盘式电机转轴固定的圆形片状，用于在各自的内侧面分别环形分布安装永久磁体；所述前固定片（1）和后固定片（3）形状一致，均为有中心孔（10）的圆形片状，设有一周与永久磁体位置对应的磁体固定孔（4），内边缘一周设有多个外装配孔（7），外边缘一周设有多个转子固定孔（5），前固定片（1）的转子固定孔（5）用于与前转子架（19）固定连接，后固定片（3）的转子固定孔（5）用于与后转子架（20）固定连接； 所述风扇（2）一体设有环形柱状的间隔架（11），风扇（2）中心轴向设有用于穿过电机转轴的轴孔（15），间隔架（11）内固定设有间隔架围绕轴孔（15）分布的多片扇叶（13）；所述间隔架的侧面设有多个均布一周的出风通道（16），间隔架的端面设有多个均布一周的内定位孔（12）；前固定片（1）和后固定片（3）的外装配孔（7）与风扇（2）的内定位孔（12）数量和位置对齐，并通过紧固件连接为一体，且前转子架（19）和后转子架（20）上所设的永久磁体轴向对齐。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：所述前转子架（19）、所述后转子架（20）、所述前固定片（1）和所述后固定片（3）分别为除通孔外各处等厚的平板片状，前固定片（1）、风扇（2）和后固定片（3）均采用铝合金材质或石墨烯材质。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：在同一片前固定片（1）或后固定片（3）上，相邻的磁体固定孔（4）之间的辐条（9）上设有外平衡孔（6）。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：所述转子固定孔（5）设于外平衡孔（6）径向外侧的辐条（9）上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：在同一片前固定片（1）或后固定片（3）上，磁体固定孔（4）与中心孔（10）之间设有多个均布一周的内平衡孔（8）。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：间隔架（11）的一端面为带轴孔（15）的背板（14），背板的边缘与间隔架一体或密封连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：所述出风通道（16）设于相邻两片所述扇叶（13）的外端之间的间隔架位置，所述内定位孔（12）设于相邻两出风通道（16）之间的间隔架内。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：所述扇叶（13）与间隔架（11）的端面垂直。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：所述扇叶（13）与背板（14）之间设有倾角。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的盘式电机组合固定风扇，其特征是：所述扇叶（13）的轴向伸出间隔架（11）的一端，伸出长度小于到外部端盖的间距。
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